2019高考英语一轮选习练题模块3Unit2Language含解析牛津译林版

2019高考英语一轮选习练题模块3Unit2Language含解析牛津译林版

模块3U2‎ 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ Following the crowd may not always be in a person's best interest.But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults.‎ Scientists have known that close friendships help boost health.That's true for both teens and adults.The finding inspired Joseph Allen，a psychologist at the University of Virginia，and his team to study whether experiences during teen years would influence adult health.‎ So they followed 171 teens，starting when the kids were just 13.They interviewed each one every year for five years，and also spoke to these teens' closest friends，who provided additional information about the quality of their friendships.The same 171 people were interviewed again at ages 25,26 and 27.This time, the questions surveyed each person's overall health.When the researchers analyzed the data，they found a strong connection between a teen's behavior and adult health.Teens who had close friends grew up to be the healthier adults.Whether teens held back their feelings or expressed them to close friends also influenced later health.Those who held back their feelings were more likely to be sick as adults.The connection held up even after the scientists accounted for other possible influences on health.Weight，family income and drug use were all examined.So were mental health issues，such as anxiety and depression.And in these people，such other factors did not explain adult health as well as teen friendships did.‎ Getting along with the crowd may have benefits，says Allen，but there are also drawbacks.Teens who are more independent tend to do better at school and work.And peer pressure may lead some kids to engage in risky behavior，such as smoking，drinking or using drugs.Dealing with it is an ongoing challenge，Allen acknowledges.“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldn't lose heart for not finding this easy.”And，he adds，“Parents need to be understanding about the pressures teens face.”‎ ‎1．Where can you probably read this passage?‎ A．Science fiction.‎ B．Health column.‎ C．Fashion magazine.‎ D．Entertainment newspaper.‎ ‎2．We can learn from Allen's study that ________.‎ A．many other factors have a greater influence on adult health than teen friendships B．mental health issues have nothing to do with adult health C．the same 171 teens were interviewed each year from 13 to 27‎ D．the teens who couldn't express themselves grew up to be unhealthy ‎3．According to what Allen said，we can know that ________.‎ A．in order to do better at school，teens should not follow the crowd B．though it's challenging for teens to deal with peer pressure，they should not give up C．teens will engage in smoking，drinking or using drugs when facing peer pressure D．parents should understand their teens and stop them going with friends ‎4．What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．There is nothing bad for teens to follow the crowd.‎ B．Close friendships are the most important for people's health.‎ C．Teen friendships may help teens become healthier adults.‎ D．Adult health is only influenced by teen friendships.‎ ‎【解题导语】研究表明，与朋友较少或者没有朋友的青少年相比，有朋友的青少年在长大后更健康。当然，与朋友相处也有坏处。‎ ‎1．B　考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍青少年时的友谊对青少年成年后健康的影响。据此可知，本文属于健康知识类文章，故可判断，本文可能选自“健康专栏”，故B项正确。‎ ‎2．D　考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Whether teens held back...sick as adults”可知，青少年是否向他们的好朋友表达情感也会影响到其成年后的健康，那些压抑情感的青少年成年后很可能不健康。故D项正确。‎ ‎3．B　考查细节理解。根据最后一段内容可知，与朋友相处使得青少年在成年后更加健康的同时也会带来不利影响，即周围同龄人带来的压力，这些压力会导致许多问题。分析Allen的话“Finding the right balance is the key.Teens shouldn't lose heart for not finding this easy”可以判断，青少年要应对这些压力，找到正确的平衡点是关键，不能因为很难找到平衡点就灰心丧气。故选B。‎ ‎4．C　考查推理判断。根据文章第一段第二句“But new research suggests that teens who get along with their friends may end up healthier as adults”可知，与朋友相处的青少年在成年后会更加健康。C项意为“青少年时期的友谊会帮助青少年成为更加健康的成年人”，符合文章意思，故C项正确。根据最后一段第一句“Getting along with the crowd may have ‎ benefits，says Allen，but there are also drawbacks”可知，与朋友相处有好处，但是也有一定的缺点，故A项与文意不符；B项错在“the most”，D项错在“only”，都太过于绝对。‎ 一、单项填空 ‎1.My bed _______ most of the small room in the back house where we are living now so I have to keep the ‎ bookshelf in the living room.‎ A. creates B. occupies C. provides D. possesses ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】create创造，创作；occupy占领，占据；provide提供；possess拥有，所有。句意：我睡的床铺占据了我现在住的后面屋子小房间的大部分空间，所以我不得不把书橱放在会客厅里。‎ ‎2.We can see monuments here and there. Those who have made great _______ to human beings and society will ‎ ‎ never be forgotten. ‎ A. advances B. progress C. contributions D. achievements ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：我们到处都可以看见纪念碑。那些为人类和社会做出过重大贡献的人是永远也不会被忘记的。advance前进，进步；progress进步；contribution“贡献”与介词to连用；achievement“成就，成绩”多与介词for连用。‎ ‎3.Eating too much fatty food and smoking can _______ your future risk of heart disease.‎ A. rise B. stop C. move D. raise ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】raise增加，及物动词，后面有宾语。句意：吃太多油腻的食物和吸烟会增加你未来患心脏病的风险。‎ ‎4.Even if SARFT completely _______ domestic TV stations from broadcasting advertisements, they could still ‎ implant(植入)advertisements into TV shows.‎ ‎ A. protected B. differed C. banned D. freed ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎5.The rescuers in Africa say it is worse than ever as disease and starvation _______ to kill thousands.‎ ‎ A. combine B. succeed C. gather D. respond ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】combine结合；succeed成功；gather聚集；respond回答，回应。句意：在非洲的救援人员说疾病加上饥饿夺走数千人的生命，严重程度前所未有。‎ ‎6.—Would it be _______ for you to come at 9:00 am tomorrow?‎ ‎—Can we make it a little earlier? I have another meeting at 10:30 am.‎ ‎ A. convenient B. comfortable C. vacant D. free ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：“你方便明早九点来吗？”“我们能早一点儿吗？我十点半还有一个会。”convenient便利的，方便的，常用于it is convenient for sb.to do sth.结构。comfortable舒服的；vacant空的，空缺的；free自由的，均不符合题意。‎ ‎7.When it comes to my preference for entertainment in the spare time, I prefer gardening to parachuting, because ‎ the latter is a dangerous _______.‎ ‎ A. occupation B. career C. movement D. devotion ‎【答案】A ‎8.As is widely _______, whatever small good deeds we do can definitely _______ a more harmonious society.‎ A. realized; result in B. acknowledged; contribute to C. recognized; result from D. expected; distribute to ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：已经取得大家的共识，不管我们做多么小的善事一定会有助于一个更加和谐的社会。acknowledge取得共识；contribute to有助于。根据题意可知选B项。‎ ‎9.A completely new situation will _______ when the income tax system comes into existence.‎ A. rise B. arise C. arouse D. raise ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】rise上升，增强(vi)、使……飞起(vt)；arise 出现，上升，起立(vi)；raise表示提高(vt)；arouse 引起，激起(vt)、觉醒，醒来(vi)。句意：新的个人所得税制度出台后，将会出现新的局面。‎ ‎【解析】句意：在新闻发布会上，政府发言人表达了他对三名受困工人的关心。sympathy同情；concern关心，关注；concern难过；anger生气。‎ ‎10.In the questionnaire, the subjects are questioned whether they advocate _______ cars in the city center.‎ ‎ A. driving B. boycotting C. banning D. stopping ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：在问卷调查中，被试被询问是否提倡在市中心禁止车辆行驶这一主张。‎ ‎11.Since I realize the importance of a good plan, I have made greater progress in learning English through the ‎ ‎ _______ of hard work and planning.‎ ‎ A. combination B. convenience C. competence D. consideration ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】combination联合；convenience便利，方便；competence胜任，能力，资格；consideration考虑，体谅。句意：我意识到好计划的重要性，因此通过勤奋和规划，我在英语学习中取得更大的进步。‎ ‎12.Maybe our school president will not be _______ to attend the meeting, for he is completely occupied with the ‎ ‎ 80th anniversary ceremony. ‎ ‎ A. convenient B. available C. reliable D. accessible ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：也许我们校长将没时间出席会议，因为他正忙着学校80周年校庆典礼的事情。available表示“有空的，空闲的”符合句意。convenient方便的(一般是it作主语，不可以是“人”作主语)；reliable可信赖的；accessible可进入的。‎ ‎13.When you leave the classroom, ______ to turn off all the lights. ‎ ‎ A. remembering B. did remember C. not forget D. do remember ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】此处应是祈使句，又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do，故选D。句意：你离开教室时，务必记住把所有的电灯给关了。‎ ‎14._______ person is not prepared for this examination, for example, Zhang Gong and Wang Lin haven’t finished ‎ reviewing their lessons.‎ A. Each B. Every C. All D. None ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：并非每一个人都对这次考试做好了准备，例如张龚和王林还没有复习完功课。not与every或each连用表示部分否定，但each强调整体，而every强调个体。‎ ‎15. Choosing the right dictionary depends on ________you want to use it for.‎ ‎ A. what B. why C. how D. whether ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：选择合适的词典取决于你想要用它做什么。考查宾语从句，what引导宾语从句，并在从句中充当for的宾语。‎ ‎16.Many students are at a loss as to _______ they spend so much time on language learning, but achieve little.‎ A. that B. why C. how D. which ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】as to后面要跟宾语从句，且连词要在从句中充当原因状语。句意：很多学生感到困惑的是他们为什么在语言学习上花费了那么多的时间但却收效甚微。‎ ‎17.The prize, according to the rule, should go to _______ we think has done his or her part for the success of this project. ‎ A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever ‎【答案】C ‎18、No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times when it’s better _______ silent. ‎ A. remain B. be remaining C. having remained D. to remain ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】it做形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式：to remain silent. 可归结为句型：it is +形容词/名词+to do/that…。当然it也可以做形式宾语，如find/feel it +to do/that…。句意：不管你是一个多么聪明的说客，但有时候保持沉默更好。‎ 三、完形填空 We rarely get a chance to see pure care and love for those who need it most. And this story will ___1___ serve to remind us there is still lots of good in the world and that we are responsible for ___2___ that goodness.‎ Ms Noriza, 49 years old, was walking in the street when she smelt a(an) ___3___ smell .She noticed many people were holding their ___4___ and hurried by. Looking around, she found an old man in a wheelchair vomiting(呕吐)and his clothes were made ___5___.‎ ‎“Nobody was helping him even though he looked so ___6___,” Ms Noriza explained. She ‎ found some people were not only not doing something about it, but were complaining. The ___7___ was more than she could bear. ___8___, she went up to help.‎ She went and bought a pair of shorts and a T-shirt in a nearby store and helped the old man get ___9___.‎ After that, she ___10___ him back to his flat before she went to work. There was kindness shown by some other ___11___, including Mr Goh. He was so ___12___ by what Ms Noriza had done that he got his friend to ___13___ the press of this story.‎ ‎“Her ___14___ towards a stranger moved me. It was ___15___ and complete kindness,” said Mr Goh.‎ Sometimes we are so focused on conflicts, arguments and all sorts of ___16___ things that we forget that the world is what it is because of us. If we want to see a society full of love, we should deliver that ___17___ through our actions and our lives.‎ So next time we are given this priceless ___18___ to touch someone else’s life, let us ___19___ the moment and do something good, not just for the society, but for our ___20___ as well.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了 Ms Noriza 在大街上帮助素不相识的老人的事情。通过本文作者呼 吁人们要相信善良，秉承善良，传播善良，让社会变得更加美好。‎ ‎1. A. approximately B. hopefully C. finally D. merely ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】A. approximately 大约；B. hopefully 有希望地；C. finally 最后；D. merely 仅仅；在文章末段作 者发表了自己的感慨，由此判断作者讲述这个故事的目的是希望人们能够把善良的美德传播开 来，故选 B。‎ ‎2. A. spreading B. enlarging C. extending D. stretching ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】A. spread 伸开，传播：一般指向四面八方扩大传播的范围，如传播(疾病)，散布(信息)，火势蔓 延；B. enlarge 扩大：多指具体物品如相片的放大。也可指扩大视野，增长知识；C. extend ‎ 伸出，‎ 延伸：指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的朝外延伸，也可指时间的延长；D. stretch 伸展，‎ 拉长：一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。从文章最后两段内容可知作者希望人们 用善良来驱逐冷漠，用道德来传递温暖，鼓励人们亲身去做，而不局限于仅仅去发现或者表扬 善良的行为，故选 A。‎ ‎3. A. strong B. troublesome C. damp D. unpleasant ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】 A. strong 强壮的， 强烈的； B. troublesome 麻烦的， 讨厌的， 棘手的； C. damp 潮湿的； D. unpleasant 不愉快的。 根据下文内容可知 Ms Noriza 闻到的是老人的呕吐物的味道， 当然不会好闻， 故选 D。‎ ‎4. A. ears B. eyes C. noses D. mouths ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】A. ears 耳朵；B. eyes 眼睛；C. noses 鼻子；D. mouths 嘴巴。从当时的情景可知老人的呕吐物发 出难闻的味道，路过的人都捂着鼻子，选 C。‎ ‎5. A. wet B. dirty C. wrinkled D. broken ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】A. wet 潮湿的；B. dirty 脏的；C. wrinkled 有褶皱的；D. broken 破损的。根据语境可知坐在轮椅 上的老人呕吐时把衣服弄脏了，选 B。‎ ‎6. A. pitiful B. desperate C. hopeless D. urgent ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】A. pitiful 可怜的；B. desperate 绝望的；C. hopeless 没希望的；D. urgent 急迫的，紧要的。在此 Ms Noriza 指老人的状况令人同情，选 A。‎ ‎7. A. action B. smell C. word D. sight ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】A. action 行动；B. smell 味道；C. word 单词；D. sight 情景。上文 Ms Noriza 描述了当时的情景，‎ 她对没人帮助老人的这种情形看不下去了，选 D。‎ ‎8. A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. Otherwise ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】A. However 然而；B. Besides 此外；C. Therefore 因此；D. Otherwise 否则。从语境可知此处表示 因果关系，故选 C。‎ ‎9. A. cleaned B. dressed C. changed D. sheltered ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】A. cleaned 清洁；B. dressed 打扮；C. changed 换；D. sheltered 庇护，保护。根据上文可知老人 把衣服弄脏了，而且 Ms Noriza 给他买了新衣服，由此判断她帮他换上干净的衣服，get changed“换衣服”，选 C。‎ ‎10. A. accompanied B. ordered C. satisfied D. invited ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】A. accompanied 陪伴；A. ordered 命令；C. satisfied 使满意；D. invited 邀请。从常识和语境可知 善良的 Ms Noriza 先陪伴老人回家，然后去上班，选 A。‎ ‎11. A. customers B. passers-by C. assistants D. salesmen ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】A. customers 顾客；B. passers-by 过路人；C. assistants 助理，助手；D. salesmen 销售员。从上文 中的 “She noticed many people were holding their ___4___ and hurried by”.可知 Ms Noriza 只是 在大街上路过的人，所以选 B。‎ ‎12. A. attracted B. encouraged C. inspired D. touched ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】A. attracted 吸引；B. encouraged 鼓励；C. inspired 激励；D. touched ‎ 触动。根据下文 Mr Goh 说 的话 “…..towards a stranger moved me”可知他被 Ms Noriza 的行为所感动了，选 D。‎ ‎13. A. warn B. convince C. remind D. inform ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】A. warn 警告；B. convince 使人信服；C. remind 提醒；D. inform 通知。从语境可知 Mr Goh 让 他的朋友把 Ms Noriza 的善良行为告诉了媒体，选 D。‎ ‎14. A. politeness B. commitment C. selflessness D. carefulness ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】A. politeness 礼貌；B. commitment 承诺；C. selflessness 无私；D. carefulness 认真。根据故事内 容以及后句中的 complete kindness 可知此处 Mr Goh 指 Ms Noriza 对待一个素不相识的人的那份 善良和无私，选 C。‎ ‎15. A. pure B. equal C. common D. unusual ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】A. pure 纯的；B. equal 平等的；C. common 常见的；D. unusual 不同寻常的。根据 and 连接并列 成分前后一致的原则可以判断填 pure，表示不带有其他目的、纯粹的，故选 A。‎ ‎16. A. mental B. negative C. alternative D. practical ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】A. mental 精神的；B. negative 消极的；C. alternative 可供替代的；D. practical 实际的。根据前面 列举的名词 conflicts, arguments 可知此处指一些消极、负面的事情，选 B。‎ ‎17. A. motto B. message C. speech D. means ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】A. motto 箴言；B. message 信息；C. speech 演讲；D. means 方法。从 if 从句的内容可知如果人 们想要一个充满爱的社会，那么就需要通过我们的行为来传递这种信息，选 B。‎ ‎18. A. gift B. situation C. experience D. opportunity ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】A. gift 天赋；B. situation 情形；C. experience 经历，经验；D. opportunity 机会。在文中作者呼 吁人们要在别人需要帮助的时候，伸出援助之手，由此可知此处指当人们遇到这样的事情，即 有机会去传递爱心的时候，不要错过这个机会，故选 D。‎ ‎19. A. seize B. find C. acquire D. seek ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】A. seize 抓住；B. find 发现；C. acquire 获得，得到；D. seek 寻求。从上文可知作者希望人们在 遇到这类事情的时候， 要利用这种时刻去把美好、 善良传递下去， 希望人们抓住这种机会， 选 A。‎ ‎20. A. memories B. volunteer C. souls D. future ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】A. memories 记忆；B. volunteer 志愿者，志愿；C. souls 灵魂；D. future 未来。俗话说“赠人玫 瑰，手留余香”，善意的行为不仅在社会上传播了善良和美好，也会给自己带来快乐，让自己 的心灵得到一次洗礼和升华，故选 C。‎ 四、短文改错。‎ I felt delighted to be informed the news that I would be our Student Union's next minister of health.Therefore，when I calmed down，I began to realize what challenging the job would be.I can still remember the first time I hold a meeting with all the members，that was a real challenge for me.With so many eyes fixing on me，I struggled to speak as my face and ears turned complete red.I had never felt so nervous ago.‎ Although I went through a series of difficulty, I gained a lot as well—a plenty of new friends，the ability to communicate and an improvement in my organizational skills.‎ ‎【答案】‎ I felt delighted to be informed the news that I would be our Student Union's next minister of health.，when I calmed down，I began to realize ‎ challenging the job would be.I can still remember the first time I a meeting with all the members， was a real challenge for me.With so many eyes on me，I struggled to speak as my face and ears turned red.I had never felt so nervous .‎ Although I went through a series of ， I gained a lot as well— plenty of new friends，the ability to communicate and an improvement in my organizational skills.‎ 第一处：考查固定搭配。be informed of/about为固定搭配，意为“被告知……”。‎ 第二处：考查副词。句意为：然而，当我平静下来后，我开始意识到这份工作多么具有挑战性。根据句意可知，前后为转折关系。‎ 第三处：考查感叹句。How引导感叹句的句型为“how＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语”；此处是修饰形容词“challenging”，应用how。‎ 第四处：考查动词的时态。根据上下文语境可判断出，此处应用一般过去时，描述发生过的事情。‎ 第五处：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是“I hold a meeting with all the members”，应用关系代词which。‎ 第六处：考查非谓语动词。此处指很多双眼睛聚焦在“我”身上，“eyes”和fix之间是被动关系，因此应用过去分词形式。‎ 第七处：考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词“red”。‎ 第八处：考查副词辨析。句意为：以前我从没觉得这么紧张。ago常跟一般过去时态连用，与语境不符。根据句中的过去完成时态可知，此处应用before。‎ 第九处：考查名词复数。句意为：尽管我经历了一系列困难的事情。此处difficulty是抽象名词具体化，意为“困难的事情”，应用复数形式。‎ 第十处：考查固定搭配。plenty of为固定搭配，意为“大量，许多”。‎