2020届一轮复习外研版必修3Module6OldandNew单元学案（25页）

2020届一轮复习外研版必修3Module6OldandNew单元学案（25页）

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．bulletin n．　　　　　　 小型报刊；短新闻；报告 ‎2．civil adj. 民用的；国内的 ‎3．cliff n. 悬崖；峭壁 ‎4．gorge n. 峡谷 ‎5．hydroelectric adj. 水力发电的 ‎6．reservoir n. 水库 ‎7．terminal n. (机场的)集散站；终点站；候机厅 ‎8．carving n. (尤指木头、象牙等的)雕刻(品)‎ ‎9．relic n. (常作复数)(历史的)遗迹；遗物 ‎10．site n. 场所；遗址 ‎11．generate vt. 发(电)‎ ‎12．watchtower n．[纵联1] 望台_‎ Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．canal n. 运河 ‎2．dam n. 坝；堤；水闸 ‎3．structure n. 建筑物；结构 ‎4．date vi. 始于(某一历史时期)‎ ‎5．remove vt. 迁移；搬迁 ‎6．ridiculous adj. 荒唐的；可笑的 ‎7．enormous adj. 巨大的；庞大的 ‎8．crash vi. (飞机)失事；坠毁 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．engineering n．(土木)工程→engineer n．工程师 ‎2．accommodate vt.容纳(乘客等)→accommodation n．住所；膳宿 ‎3．construction n．建造；建设；建筑→construct vt.建造；建设→constructive adj.建设性的 ‎4．historical adj.历史的；有关历史的→historic adj.有历史意义的[纵联2]‎ ‎5．narrow adj.狭窄的 v．变窄→narrowly adv.勉强地 ‎6．poem n．诗；诗歌→poet n．诗人 ‎7．global adj.全球的→globe n．地球；地球仪 ‎8．freezing adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的→frozen adj.冷冻的；冻坏的→freeze v．冷冻；冰冻；(使)冻住[纵联3]‎ ‎9．observatory n．观察台→observe vt.观察→observation n．观察 ‎10．foggy adj.有浓雾的→fog n．(浓)雾 纵联1.“v.＋n.”合成名词一览 ‎①watchtower望台　　　　　 ②playground操场 ‎③pickpocket扒手 ④copyright版权 纵联2.以“ical”结尾的形容词一览 ‎①historical有关历史的 ②economical经济的；节约的 ‎③geographical地理(学)的 ④political政治的 ‎⑤magical魔术的；有魔力的 ⑥musical音乐的；悦耳的 ‎⑦electrical与电有关的 ⑧logical逻辑的 纵联3.“冷暖”知多少 ‎①freezing adj.冷冰冰的 ②icy adj.冰冷的 ‎③cold adj.寒冷的 ④hot adj.热的 ‎⑤cool adj.凉的 ⑥warm adj.温暖的 单元话题——历史变迁 子话题1　历史进程 ‎　①empire n．帝国 ②parliament n．议会 ‎③democracy n．民主 ④constitution n．宪法；章程 ‎⑤royal adj.皇家的 ⑥conservative n．保守派 ‎⑦prehistoric adj.史前的 ⑧abolish vt.废除；取消 子话题2　旧貌换新颜 ‎　①reconstruct v. 重建；改造 ‎②former adj. 以前的；从前的 ‎③original adj. 最初的；独创的 ‎④primitive adj. 原始的；远古的 ‎⑤boom n. （人口、贸易的)繁荣 ‎⑥immigration n. 移民；移居入境 ‎⑦splendid adj. 壮丽的；极好的 ‎⑧exploit v. 开采；开发 ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2012·湖南高考任务型阅读) Since the earliest civilizations, people have controlled rivers to meet society's demands.Today, rivers are ‎ controlled for many reasons, primarily to maintain reliable water supplies for daily, agricultural and industrial needs, for power 　❶　 (generate), for navigation (航行), and to prevent flooding.‎ River control is achieved by channelization, a term that covers a range of river 　❷　 (engineer) works, including widening, deepening, straightening and stabilization of banks, and by the 　❸　 (construct) of dams❹.‎ ‎①用generate的正确形式填空：generation ‎②用engineer的正确形式填空：engineering。eer为表示“……人”的后缀，类似的词还有：pioneer, volunteer等 ‎③用construct的正确形式填空：construction ‎④写出dams在句中的含义：大坝；堤 ‎2．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker.Well before the arrival of freezers❶， there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering.Malcolm will explain the history❷ of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London's ice trade grew.‎ ‎①写出freezers在本单元中的同根形容词：freezing ‎②写出history在本单元中的同根形容词：historical 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2014·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我还想知道这门课程我要付多少钱，以及住宿是否包括在内。(accommodation)‎ I'd_also_like_to_know_how_much_I_have_to_pay_for_the_course_and_whether_accommodation_is_included.‎ ‎2．(2014·山东高考写作)虽然我面临着巨大的困难，但我坚持不懈。(enormous)‎ Although_I_am_faced_with_enormous_difficulties,_I_work_with_perseverance.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．date vi.始于(某一历史时期) vt.确定年代；注明日期n.日期；约会 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)date from＝date back to　　 起源于；追溯到 ‎(2)set a date for 确定……的日期 have a date with sb. 与某人约会 out of date 过时的 up to date 现代的；最新的 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎①The old town dates (date) back to the late seventeenth century.‎ ‎②The fact is that your passport has been out of date, so you can't use it.‎ ‎③Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up to date with modern technology.‎ ‎[用准]　date from和date back to这两个短语，通常使用一般现在时，没有进行时态，也没有被动形式。常用其现在分词形式作后置定语。‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎④我们学校有许多老树，每棵都是大约100年前的。‎ There_are_many_old_trees_in_our_school,_each_dating_from_about_100_years_ago.‎ ‎2．accommodate vt.容纳(乘客等)；使适应；迁就；向……提供 vi.适应 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)accommodate to sth.　　 顺应/适应(新情况)‎ accommodate sb./oneself to sth.‎ ‎ 使某人/自己适应某事 accommodate sb.with sth. 为某人提供某物 ‎(2)accommodation n. 住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解 make/provide accommodations for 为……提供食宿 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Her eyes took a while to accommodate to the darkness.‎ ‎②He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad.‎ ‎③It includes a roundtrip ticket, hotel accommodations (accommodate) and three meals each day.‎ 补全句子 ‎④I know how to accommodate_myself_to new circumstances.‎ 我知道怎样使自己适应新的环境。‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎⑤组委会将提供接机服务并安排参展艺术家在展览活动期间的食宿。‎ The_committee_will_offer_free_airport_services_and_provide_accommodations_for_the_artists_during_the_exhibition.‎ ‎3．narrow adj.狭窄的；狭隘的；勉强的 v．(使)变窄；缩小 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)a narrow escape　　　　　 九死一生；死里逃生 a narrow majority/victory/defeat ‎ 微弱多数/险胜/勉强击败 ‎(2)narrow down 缩小……的范围 ‎(3)narrowly adv. 勉强地；差一点儿；狭隘地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①To their relief, their students narrowly (narrow) escaped from the burning building.‎ ‎②The police have narrowed down their list of suspects.‎ 补全句子 ‎③That was really a_narrow_escape all right when our car turned over!‎ 当我们的车翻过去的时候，那真是死里逃生！‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎④这场篮球赛最后的比分是96－97。我们惜败。‎ The_final_score_of_the_basketball_match_was_96－97.We_were_only_narrowly_beaten.‎ ‎4．remove vt.迁移；搬迁；去除，移开；开除；免职，解除(职务)；摘掉，脱去(衣物)；拿走 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中remove的含义 ‎①If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not notice.拿走 ‎②He removed his jacket when he arrived home.脱去 ‎③He was severely criticized and removed from his post.免职 ‎④The agreement removes the last serious obstacle to the signing of the treaty.去除 ‎⑤Three children were removed from school for bad behaviors.开除 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)remove ...from ...　　　 把……从……移开 remove from ...to ... 从……搬到……‎ remove sb.from school 开除某人，勒令某人退学 ‎(2)removal n. 移植；解除；搬迁；免职 ‎[练通]　单句语法填空 ‎⑥Students removed several desks from their classroom to another one.‎ ‎⑦Removals (remove) are unpleasant, but it will be nice when we get into the new house.‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎⑧就我个人而言，我认为应该删除关于娱乐的专栏。‎ As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_I_think_that_the_column_concerning_entertainment_should_be_removed.‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)Remove (去掉) the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze.‎ ‎2．Most dams (坝；堤) are built to control a river's water flow, improve navigation and control flooding.‎ ‎3．Still, the variety of the structures (结构) used in the example sentences benefits me greatly.‎ ‎4．He is writing a historical (有关历史的) novel about nineteethcentury France.‎ ‎5．Fathers have an enormous (巨大的) effect on their children's personalities and chances of marital happiness.‎ ‎6．The plane crashed (撞上) into the mountain, but luckily the pilot survived.‎ ‎7．They made 30 days' accommodations (膳宿) for us in the activity during the summer holiday.‎ ‎8．We need to hold back global (全球的) warming and prepare for its outcome.‎ ‎9．It is difficult to travel through the town on a foggy (有浓雾的) morning.‎ ‎10．The workers are busy with the construction (建造) of the new airport.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Would you be kind enough to_accommodate (accommodate) us for the night in your home?‎ ‎2．The teacher will introduce some famous historical (history) figures to his students.‎ ‎3．Graduates majoring in computer science, engineering (engineer), and physics have the highest wages.‎ ‎4．The father as well as his three children goes skating on the frozen (freeze) river every Sunday afternoon in winter.‎ ‎5．When experiments are to be made, one can't rely too much on the human senses to make accurate observation (observe)．‎ ‎6．It is reported that the new airport is still under construction.‎ ‎7．Dating (date) from 1933, the South Lake Park in Changchun is located in the southwestern part of the Changchun city.‎ ‎8．It was so foggy (fog) that the driver could hardly make out the way ahead.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．According to the expert, the vase has a history dated from the early Tang Dynasty.dated→dating ‎2．The boy playing in the street narrow missed being knocked down by a speeding car.narrow→narrowly ‎3．Water is a liquid at room temperature and has a relatively high frozen point.frozen→freezing ‎4．With the misunderstanding being removed, the two old friends made up happily.去掉being ‎5．The project in construction in the city will be completed at the end of this month.第一个in→under Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子 ‎1．把您的手提包从座位上拿开好吗？(remove)‎ Will you please remove_your_handbag_from the seat?‎ ‎2．这些衣服现在看起来很时尚，但不久就会过时。(date)‎ The clothes look up_to_date now, but they will soon be out_of_date.‎ ‎3．去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。(narrow)‎ Last year I had_a_narrow_escape,_and I don't want to risk my life a second time.‎ ‎4．地震之后，当地政府首先做的是为无家可归的家庭提供住处。(accommodate)‎ After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to make_accommodations_for the homeless families.‎ ‎5．一架小飞机撞到城东五英里的山坡上，机上四人无一幸免。(crash)‎ A small plane crashed_into a hillside five miles east of the city, killing all four people on board.‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．date_from　　　　　　　　　 起源于 ‎2．of_all_time 有史以来 ‎3．now_that 既然 ‎4．dream_of/about [串记1] 梦想 ‎5．hold_back [串记2] 阻止 ‎6．come_true （梦想等)变成现实 ‎7．make_sense 有意义；有道理 ‎8．bring_an_end_to 结束；终止 ‎9．be_on_a_visit_to 正对……进行访问 ‎10．of_great_importance 很重要 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.dream“梦想”有多少 ‎①dream of/about　　　　　 梦想 ‎②dream a ...dream 做……梦 ‎③dream away time 虚度光阴 ‎④go to one's dreams 进入梦乡 ‎⑤dream up 虚构出 串记2.“v.＋back”短语全接触 ‎①hold back阻止；抑制 ②get back返回；取回 ‎③give back归还；送回 ④pay back偿还(借款等)‎ ‎⑤ring back回电话 ⑥bring back带回；使想起 ‎1．control flooding　　　　　　　　 控制洪灾 ‎2．three quarters of China's energy 中国四分之三的能量 ‎3．by burning coal 通过燃煤 ‎4．global warming 全球变暖 ‎5．generate electricity 发电 ‎6．live a happy new life 过着幸福的新生活 ‎7．the second tallest building 第二高的建筑物 ‎8．on a clear day 在晴天 ‎1．It_took_six_years_to_build and cost US $20 billion.‎ 它花费了6年的时间才建成，耗资200亿美元。‎ ‎2．Is_it_possible_to_see the relics now that they have been submerged?‎ 既然这些遗迹都已被淹没，还有可能再看到它们吗？‎ ‎3．Why do_you_think there are so many tall buildings in the world now?‎ 你认为为什么现在世界上有这么多的高层建筑？‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　完形中的短语(补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2017·浙江高考完形填空) Now Alia waited for the war to end and dreamed_of_peace (梦想着和平) and a new library.‎ ‎2．(2010·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空) He smiled and said, “She doesn't know me, but I know who she is.” I had to hold_back (控制) tears as he left.‎ ‎3．(2009·湖南高考完形填空) Now_that (既然) Johnny was older, he was expected to dance with a girl!‎ 高考采撷(二)　写作中的短语和句式(词汇升级/补全句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·北京高考书面表达) Learning some basic Chinese before you come is very important.(用本单元短语替换加黑词)of_great_importance ‎2．(2011·北京高考书面表达) In pursuing a dream, we might focus on only one way of making it come_true (变成现实), forgetting that there may be alternatives.‎ ‎3．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)此外，在用餐期间，保持你的声音低和愉快对你来说更好。(It be＋adj.＋to do)‎ Besides, it's_better_for_you_to_keep your voice low and pleasant during the meal.‎ ‎4．(2014·重庆高考写作)他花了好几个星期才做好这件礼物。这就是为什么我比那天收到的其他礼物更珍惜它的原因。(It takes sb.some time to do sth.)‎ It_took_him_several_weeks_to_learn_to make it.That's why I value it more than any other gift I received that day.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．hold back阻止；隐瞒；抑制，控制(情感等)；扣留 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中hold back的含义 ‎①The fight would have been avoided if either of you had been able to hold back your anger.抑制，控制 ‎②I think he's holding something back; he knows more than he admits.隐瞒 ‎③The police tried to hold back the angry crowd, but in vain.阻止 ‎[记牢]‎ hold ‎ up　　　　 支撑起；延误，延迟，耽搁；举起，抬起 hold on 别挂断；坚持住，挺住 hold on to 抓住不放；坚持；保留 hold out (在困境中)坚持；伸出；维持 ‎[练通]　选用上述短语填空 ‎④I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but was held_back thankfully by the shop window.‎ ‎⑤Women are playing a more and more important part in society — they hold_up half the sky.‎ ‎⑥I'd thought I could hold_out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable.‎ ‎⑦He held_on_to a branch until we came to his rescue.‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎⑧运动员们永不言弃，奋战到最后。他们鼓励人们坚持，他们的精神感动了很多人。‎ The_athletes_never_give_up_and_fight_for_the_last_minute.They_inspire_people_to_hold_on_and_their_spirit_moves_so_many_people.‎ ‎2．make sense有意义；有道理；讲得通，可理解 ‎[记牢]‎ make sense of　　　 了解……的意义；懂得 in a sense 在某一方面；就某种意义来讲 in no sense 决不(位于句首要部分倒装)‎ a sense of ……的感觉 There is no sense in (doing) sth.‎ ‎ [口语]做某事是没有道理/意义的。‎ ‎[练通]‎ 同义替换 ‎①See, your computer has broken down again! It isn't reasonable (＝doesn't_make_sense) to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.‎ ‎②We read through the poem, but could not understand (＝make_sense_of) it.‎ 句型转换 ‎③You should lose heart in no sense; keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.‎ ‎→In_no_sense_should_you_lose_heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.(倒装句)‎ ‎[用准]　(1)make sense是物作主语，无被动语态，用to引出人；make sense of是人作主语，可以用于被动语态，用of引出物。(2)make sense与make sense of中sense前不加冠词，sense本身也不能用复数形式。‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎④同时，在提供给他人帮助时，我们自己也会有一种满足感。‎ Also,_when_offering_others_help,_we_ourselves_will_have_a_sense_of_satisfaction.‎ ‎3．bring an end to结束；终止 ‎[记牢]‎ bring/put an end to sth.＝bring/put sth.to an end ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 结束/终止某事 come to an end 结束；完结 carry ...through to the end 将……进行到底 on end 连续地；竖着 ‎ ‎[练通]‎ 选用上述短语填空 ‎①We had hardly anything to eat for days on_end.‎ ‎②It's hoped that the talks may bring/put_an_end_to the violence in schools.‎ ‎③The long cruel winter came_to_an_end at last, then came a gentle warm spring.‎ 补全句子 ‎④We must carry_the_experiment_through_to_the_end,_not giving it up halfway.‎ 我们必须将实验进行到底，不要中途放弃。‎ ‎[写美]　翻译句子 ‎⑤一个快乐的瞬间总是在你知道之前就结束了。‎ A_happy_instant_always_comes_to_an_end_before_you_know_it.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.‎ ‎[教材原句]　It_took_six_years_to_build and cost US $20 billion.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)As a new graduate, he doesn't know what_it_takes_to_start a business here.‎ 作为一名刚毕业的学生，他不知道在这里创业需要什么。‎ ‎(2)A month before the event, I spent_hours_working_out a schedule outlining my goals and practical steps.‎ 在活动开始前的一个月，我花了几个小时制定了一个时间表，列出了我的目标和实际步骤。‎ ‎(3)Remembering these new words cost_him_a_lot_of_time.‎ 他花了大量时间才记住了这些生词。‎ ‎(4)The watch was very good, and he paid 20 percent down for it.这块表很好，他付了20%的钱。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)It takes (sb.) some time to do sth. ‎ ‎(某人)花费时间做某事 ‎(2)sb.spend some time/money (in) doing/on sth. ‎ 某人花费时间/金钱做某事 ‎(3)(doing) sth.cost (sb.) some time/money ‎(做)某事/物花费(某人)时间/金钱 ‎(4)sb.pay some money for sth. ‎ 某人花费金钱为某事/某物 注意事项 在句型“It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.”中， it在句中为形式主语，后面的不定式短语to do sth.是句子的真正主语。此外， take还表示“需要”。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)It took him several weeks to learn to make the papercutting.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)The new computer cost him more than 5,000 yuan.(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 date from， now that， dream of， hold back， come true， make sense， bring an end to， of great importance ‎1．No force on earth can hold_back the progress of society.‎ ‎2．It just doesn't make_sense.Why would she do a thing like that?‎ ‎3．His hobby of collecting coins dates_from his childhood.‎ ‎4．Sophia said the volunteers were important because they were the ‎ ones who helped to make the wishes come_true.‎ ‎5．Some states in the area have tried to bring_an_end_to the war.‎ ‎6．I always dream_of attending a normal university and becoming a teacher.‎ ‎7．Basic research is of_great_importance in all scientific fields.‎ ‎8．Why not change your mind now_that you have found that there is something wrong with your plan?‎ Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子/句型转换 ‎1．您认为我明天下午什么时间可以来见他？(do you think作插入语)‎ When_do_you_think_I_can come and see him tomorrow afternoon?‎ ‎2．他花了很长一段时间才学会成为一名专业艺术家所需要的技能。(take)‎ It_took_him_a_long_time_to_acquire the skills he needed to become a professional artist.‎ ‎3．下次你有可能搭乘早一点的公交车吗？(It is possible to do sth.)‎ Is_it_possible_for_you_to_take an earlier bus next time?‎ ‎4．The park was crowded, so finding an available site cost us some time.‎ ‎→The park was crowded, so it took_us_some_time_to_find an available site.(take)‎ ‎→The park was crowded, so we spent_some_time_finding an available site.(spend)‎ ‎5．It's no use talking to him any more.You are wasting your breath.(sense)‎ ‎→There_is_no_sense_in_talking to him any more.You are wasting ‎ your breath.‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 假定你是李华，你的外国朋友Christina来信说，她今年夏天要来中国度假，游览三峡大坝及上海，希望你为她安排行程。请你回复一封信，告知相关事宜。要点包括：‎ ‎1．介绍三峡大坝及上海；‎ ‎2．交通方式方面的建议。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：三峡大坝the Three Gorges Dam 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 本文属于应用文中的回复信，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一人称。文章应分三个层次：开头应点明写信的缘由，为下文介绍三峡大坝和上海做好铺垫。主体部分要依据题目所给的两个要点进行构思，要点1比较宽泛，应细化处理，对三峡大坝和上海可介绍其地理位置和地位(国际地位及城市地位)；要点2提出行程建议，可联系实际做如下安排：先乘飞机到上海游览几天，再乘船去三峡大坝。结尾表达希望。‎ 开头语：得知你今年夏天要来中国度假，我很高兴。(宾语从句)‎ I_am_glad_to_learn_that_you're_coming_to_China_for_a_holiday_this_summer.‎ 要点1－①：三峡大坝位于长江中部。三峡大坝在世界上享有国际声誉。(be located in, reputation)‎ The_Three_Gorges_Dam_is_located_in_the_middle_of_the_Yangtze_River.The_Three_Gorges_Dam_has_an_international_reputation_around_the_world.‎ 要点1－②：在长江入海口是中国最大的城市——上海。(倒装句)‎ At_the_mouth_of_the_Yangtze_River_is_the_largest_city_of_China_—_Shanghai.‎ 要点2－①：乘飞机到上海，当你到达上海时你可以游览几天。‎ Fly_to_Shanghai_and_when_you_arrive_in_it,_you_can_visit_for_several_days.‎ 要点2－②：你可以乘船去三峡大坝。(board)‎ You_can_board_a_ship_to_the_Three_Gorges_Dam.‎ 结尾语：希望你在中国旅行愉快。‎ Hope_you_will_enjoy_your_journey_in_China.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为了使内容充实，我们可以对要点进行适度拓展、添加细节。开头句可添加度假的目的“游览三峡大坝及上海”并升级为省略句；在介绍三峡大坝及上海前需要一个统领句来引出下文，可添加“我很高兴介绍一下你想去的地方”；要点1－①“三峡大坝享有国际声誉”可以添加同位语(同类中最大的)，并用过去分词作状语在要点内部进行整合；对要点2－①可以添加“你可以花几天时间来探索它的美丽和美味的食物”；要点2－②可以添加现在分词短语(同时一路上欣赏两岸的风景)作伴随状语；要点2最后可补加“你也可以乘高铁去宜昌，那里是大坝所在地”并使用where引导的非限制性定语从句。‎ 拓展开头语：得知你今年夏天要来中国度假游览三峡大坝及上海，我很高兴。(省略句)‎ Glad_to_hear_that_you're_coming_to_China_for_a_holiday_to_visit_the_Three_Gorges_Dam_and_Shanghai_this_summer.‎ 补充衔接句：我很高兴介绍一下你想去的地方。(it作形式主语)‎ It's_my_pleasure_to_introduce_something_about_the_places_you'd_‎ like_to_go_to.‎ 拓展要点1－①：三峡大坝，位于长江中部，是同类中最大的，在世界上享有国际声誉。(过去分词作状语，同位语)‎ Located_in_the_middle_of_the_Yangtze_River,_the_Three_Gorges_Dam_—_the_biggest_of_its_kind_—_has_an_international_reputation_around_the_world.‎ 拓展要点2－①：乘飞机到上海，当你到达上海时，你可以花几天时间来探索它的美丽和美味的食物。‎ Fly_to_Shanghai_and_when_you_arrive_in_it,_you_can_explore_its_beauty_and_tasty_foods_for_several_days.‎ 拓展要点2－②：你可以乘船去三峡大坝，同时一路上欣赏两岸的风景。(现在分词作状语)‎ You_can_board_a_ship_to_the_Three_Gorges_Dam,_enjoying_the_scenery_on_both_sides_all_the_way.‎ 补充要点2：你也可以乘高铁去宜昌，那里是大坝所在地。(用where引导的非限制性定语从句)‎ You_can_also_take_a_high_speed_train_to_Yichang,_where_the_dam_rests.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 本文可分为四个段落来写，行文时要注意语言表达的连贯性和得体性。“我很高兴介绍一下你想去的地方”是一个承上启下句，需紧跟在开头语之后。在“提出行程建议”时，可按照行程的时间顺序进行描述，用并列连词firstly， then， besides进行衔接。‎ Dear_Christina，‎ Glad_to_hear_that_you're_coming_to_China_for_a_holiday_to_visit_the_Three_Gorges_Dam_and_Shanghai_this_summer.It's_my_pleasure_to_introduce_something_about_the_places_you'd_like_to_go_to.‎ Located_in_the_middle_of_the_Yangtze_River,_the_Three_Gorges_Dam_—_the_biggest_of_its_kind_—_has_an_international_reputation_around_the_world.At_the_mouth_of_the_Yangtze_River_is_the_largest_city_of_China_—_Shanghai.‎ Firstly,_fly_to_Shanghai_and_when_you_arrive_in_it,_you_can_explore_its_beauty_and_tasty_foods_for_several_days.Then_you_can_board_a_ship_to_the_Three_Gorges_Dam,_enjoying_the_scenery_on_both_sides_all_the_way.Besides,_you_can_also_take_a_high_speed_train_to_Yichang,_where_the_dam_rests.‎ Hope_you_will_enjoy_your_journey_in_China.‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua 理清文体结构之(十八)　夹叙夹议文——叙的是故事，议的是观点 夹叙夹议文有记叙文叙事的特点，也具备议论文的特色，它一边叙述，一边分析、评论。其优点在于作者可以自由地表达情意。在结构方面，还起到总起、提示、过渡和总结作用。在叙议结合中，我们对作者的写作目的渐渐清晰，进而掌握文章大意，为解题做好铺垫。‎ ‎　　[高考典例]　2016·天津卷·B篇 ‎[读文明晰文章结构]‎ ‎　　[1]Every man wants his son to be somewhat of a clone, not in features but in footsteps. As he grows you also age, and your ambitions become more unachievable. You begin to realize that your boy, in your footsteps, could probably accomplish what you hoped for. But footsteps can be muddied and they can ‎1.第1段提出自己对儿子的期望→议 ‎“As he grows you also age ...what ‎ go off in different directions.‎ ‎[2]My son Jody has hated school since day one in kindergarten. Science projects waited until the last moment. Book reports weren’t written until the final threat.‎ ‎[3]I’ve been a newspaperman all my adult life. My daughter is a university graduate working toward her master’s degree in English. But Jody? When he entered the tenth grade he became a “votech” student (技校学生). They’re called “motorheads” by the rest of the student body.‎ ‎[4]When a secretary in my office first called him “motorhead”， I was shocked. “Hey, he’s a good kid，” I wanted to say. “And smart, really.”‎ ‎[5]I learned later that motorheads are, indeed, different. They usually have dirty hands and wear dirty work clothes. And they don’t often make school honor rolls (光荣榜)．‎ ‎[6]But being the parent of a motorhead is itself an experience in education. We who labor in clean shirts in offices don’t have the abilities that motorheads have. I began to learn this when I had my car crashed. The cost to repair it was estimated at $800. “Hey, I can fix it，” said Jody. I doubted it, but let him go ahead, for I had nothing to lose.‎ ‎[7]My son, with other motorheads, fixed the car. They got parts (零件) from a junkyard, and ability from ‎ you hoped for.”表明作者希望自己的儿子实现自己没有实现的目标。‎ ‎2.第2段叙述儿子对学习不感兴趣→叙 ‎3.第3段描述家庭氛围→叙 女儿在学校里的表现要比儿子好。‎ ‎4.第4段为故事的转折点→叙 ‎5.第5段表达自己对技校学生的传统观点→叙 ‎2、3、4、5段的叙述都是为了支持第1段作者的观点。‎ ‎6.第6～9段叙述儿子以具体行动改变了作者的看法→叙 ‎ votech classes. The cost was $25 instead of $800.‎ ‎[8]Since that first repair job, a broken airconditioner, a nonfunctioning washer and a nontoasting toaster have been fixed. Neighbors and coworkers trust their car repairs to him.‎ ‎[9]These kids are happiest when doing repairs. They joke and laugh and are living in their own relaxed world. And their minds are bright despite their dirty hands and clothes.‎ ‎[10]I have learned a lot from my motorhead: publishers need printers, engineers need mechanics, and architects need builders. Most important, I have learned that fathers don’t need clones in footsteps or anywhere else.‎ ‎[11]My son may never make the school honor roll. But he made mine.‎ ‎7.第10～11段得出结论→议 孩子虽然学习不优秀，不能追随父亲的足迹，但他自己选择的道路却让父亲引以为豪。‎ ‎[定区间·细比对]‎ ‎41．What used to be the author’s ？‎ A．To avoid becoming his clone.‎ B．To resemble him in appearance.‎ C．To develop in a different direction.‎ D．To reach the author’s unachieved goals.‎ ‎42．What can we learn about ？‎ A．His daughter does better in school.‎ B．His daughter has got a master’s degree.‎ C．His son tried hard to finish homework.‎ D．His son couldn’t write his book reports.‎ ‎43．The author let his son because he believed that ________.‎ A．his son had the ability to fix it B．it would save him much time C．it wouldn’t cause him any more loss D．other motorheads would come to help ‎[答案]　41.D　42.A　43.C ‎41．对儿子的期望第1段中划波浪线部分，分析得出答案。‎ ‎42．孩子的情况第3段中划波浪线部分，对比即可得出答案。‎ ‎43．修车第6段，根据最后一句得出答案。‎