2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero学案

2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero学案

必修1　Unit 5　Nelson Mandela—a modern hero 重点单词 ‎1．quality n．质量；品质；性质　　　　　　　　‎ ‎2．mean adj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 ‎3．found vt.建立；建设 ‎ ‎4．principle n．法则；原则；原理 ‎5．fee n．费(会费、学费等)；酬金 ‎ ‎6．hopeful adj.怀有希望的；有希望的 ‎7．youth n．青年；青年时期 ‎ ‎8．stage n．舞台；阶段；时期 ‎9．attack vt.进攻；攻击；抨击 ‎ ‎10．escape vi.逃脱；逃走；泄露 ‎11．beg vi.请求；乞求 ‎12．active adj.积极的；活跃的→actively adv.积极地；活跃地→activity n．活动 ‎13．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的→generosity n．慷慨；大方 ‎ ‎14．self n．自我；自身→selfish adj.自私的→selfless adj.无私的；忘我的 ‎15．devote vt.献身；专心于→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．献身；奉献；热爱；忠诚 ‎16．peaceful adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的→peacefully adv.和平地；平静地→peace n．和平；平静；和睦 ‎17．guidance n．指导；领导→guide vt.指导；引导；管理；操纵　n．向导；指导原则；入门书；手册 ‎18．legal adj.法律的；依照法律的→illegal adj.违法的；非法的 ‎19．violence n．暴力；暴行→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violently adv.猛烈地；强烈地 ‎20．equal adj.相等的；平等的→equality n．平等；相等→equally adv.相等地；同样地；公平地 ‎21．willing adj.乐意的；自愿的→unwilling (反义词)adj.不情愿的；不乐意的 ‎22．educate vt.教育；训练→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育 ‎→educator n．教育工作者；教育家 ‎23．terror n．恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动→terrorism n．恐怖主义→terrorist n．恐怖分子 ‎→terrify vt.使恐惧；使惊吓→terrified adj.恐惧的；害怕的 ‎24．cruelty n．残忍；残酷→cruel adj.残酷的→cruelly adv.残酷地 ‎25．reward n．报酬；奖金　vt.酬劳；奖赏→rewarding adj.值得的；有益的；有回报的 重点短语 ‎1．out_of_work 失业　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎2．as_a_matter_of_fact 事实上 ‎3．blow_up 使充气；爆炸 ‎ ‎4．in_trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中 ‎5．turn_to 求助于；致力于 ‎ ‎6．lose_heart 丧失勇气或信心 ‎7．come_to_power 当权；上台 ‎ ‎8．set_up 设立；建立 ‎9．be_sentenced_to 被判处……(徒刑) ‎ ‎10．put_sb_in_prison 把某人投入监狱 ‎11．be_willing_to_do_sth 愿意做某事 ‎ ‎12．vote_for/against 投票赞成/反对 重点句型 ‎1．see的用法和stage作先行词的定语从句 The last thirty years have seen the…， until today we have reached a stage where…(教材P34)‎ ‎2．“less＋形容词/副词”构成否定比较级，意为“不如，不比”‎ ‎“…we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government.”(教材P34)‎ ‎3．reason(s)后的定语从句 The reason why I got a job was because of my hard work.(教材P37)‎ 语法要点 定语从句(Ⅱ)：(where, when, why, 介词＋which/whom引导)‎ The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.(教材P34)‎ ‎1quality　n．质量；品质；品德；优质 adj.优质的；高级的 What qualities does a great person have? (教材P33)‎ 伟人具有什么样的品质？‎ ‎(1) ‎(2) ‎①We aim to provide products of high quality at reasonable prices. ‎ 我们致力于以合理的价格提供高质量的产品。‎ ‎②This company is more concerned with quality than with quantity.‎ 这家公司对质量的重视高于产量。‎ ‎③My sister has many good qualities (quality) despite her rudeness.‎ 我姐姐虽然粗鲁，但还有许多优秀品质。‎ ‎④We offer our customers a quality product at a reasonable price.‎ 我们为顾客提供的产品物美价廉。‎ ‎【提示】 quality作“质量；优质”讲时，是不可数名词；作“品德；性质，特性”讲时，是可数名词。‎ ‎2devote　vt.献身；致力于；专心于 A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.(教材P33)‎ 伟人就是将他/她的一生致力于帮助别人的人。‎ ‎(1)devote ‎(2) ‎(3)devotion n．[U]奉献；关爱；专心；忠诚 ‎①You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.‎ 除非你全身心地投入工作中，否则你永远不会获得成功。‎ ‎②He could only devote two hours a day to working (work) on the project, but his devotion (devote) to duty is worth respecting.‎ 他一天只能在这个项目上花两个小时，但他忠于职守是值得尊敬的。‎ ‎3attack　vt.攻击；进攻；抨击；(疾病、虫、化学物等)侵袭 n．攻击；抨击；(疾病的)突然发作 We chose to attack the laws.(教材P34)‎ 我们选择向法律进攻。‎ ‎(1)attack…＝make/launch an attack on/against攻击；抨击 ‎(2)be/come under attack 遭到攻击 ‎①He suffered from a heart attack.‎ 他心脏病发作了。‎ ‎②The police are launching a major attack on/against drug dealer.‎ 警方正在对毒品贩子发动大规模的攻击。‎ ‎③The more he speaks out, the more he comes under attack.‎ 他说的越多，受到的攻击越多。 ‎ ‎4equal　adj.相等的；平等的；胜任的 vt.等于，和……相等；抵得上 n．同等的人；相等物 I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.(教材P34)‎ 我知道这将帮助我们实现让黑人和白人平等的梦想。‎ ‎(1) ‎(2) ‎①We must bear in mind that wasting time is equal to wasting (waste) your life.‎ 我们必须牢记，浪费时间相当于浪费你的生命。‎ ‎②She is a professional designer, so she is equal to the task.‎ 她是专业设计师，所以她能胜任这项工作。‎ ‎③He is really smart. No one equals him in intelligence.‎ 他真的很聪明。他的智力水平无人能及。‎ ‎④He has made outstanding achievements which are wellknown in China and have also been recognized by the international society. He is without equal in this regard.‎ 他已取得了令人瞩目的成就，这些成就不仅为中国社会所熟知，也为国际社会所承认，在当下则更可谓是无出其右。‎ ‎⑤Men and women must be treated equally (equal) in education and employment.‎ 在教育和就业方面男女必须得到平等的对待。‎ ‎5escape　v．& n．逃脱；逃生；泄露；避开；被忘记；未被注意 It was a prison from which no one escaped.(教材P38)‎ 那是一座任何人都逃不出来的监狱。‎ ‎(1)escape ‎(2)a narrow escape 九死一生 ‎①Whoever breaks the law won't escape punishment/being_punished (punish)．‎ 不管是谁违反了法律都将不会逃脱惩罚。‎ ‎②The residents were trying to escape from the fire but were overcome by the smoke.‎ 居民试图逃离火场，却被浓烟熏倒了。‎ ‎③It might have escaped your notice, but I'm very busy at the moment.‎ 也许你没注意到，可我此刻非常忙。‎ ‎【熟词生义】 写出加黑单词在语境中的含义。‎ ‎④Bob looked back only to find an old classmate whose name escaped him for the moment.被遗忘 ‎6reward　n．报酬；悬赏；奖金 vt.报答；赏给；酬劳 They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.(教材P38)‎ 他们说来自新南非政府提供的那份工作和薪水是对我一生为黑人的平等权利而奋斗的回报。‎ ‎(1) ‎(2)reward sb with…for sth为某事而以……报答某人 ‎(3)rewarding adj.有益的；值得的 ‎①He gave a reward of $500 for his lost child. ‎ 他悬赏500美元寻找丢失的孩子。‎ ‎②He received a medal in reward for his bravery. ‎ 他因表现勇敢而获得了一枚奖章。‎ ‎③Ackerman was_rewarded (reward) the gold medal for being the fastest runner. ‎ 阿克曼跑得最快，因而获得了金牌。‎ ‎④When asked for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding (reward)．‎ 当被问到他对教书工作的看法时，菲利普说他觉得非常有趣和有意义。‎ ‎【比较网站】‎ 名词 动词 reward 报答；酬劳；奖赏 奖励。不可跟双宾语，只可用reward sb with；reward sb for (doing)sth因……而报答/奖励某人 award 奖品；奖金 授予，颁发。award sb sth＝award sth to sb ‎⑤After being awarded the first prize, he expressed that he would continue to reward the people and the society with his hard work.‎ 在被授予一等奖之后，他表示会继续以他的努力来回报人们和社会。‎ ‎1out of work　失业 Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work.(教材P34)‎ 糟糕的是我没有这个证件，因为我不是在那里出生的，我很担心我是不是会失业。‎ out of breath 气喘吁吁 out of control 失去控制 out of danger 脱离危险 out of date/fashion 过时 out of mind 心不在焉 out of order 混乱，无秩序；运转不正常，出毛病 out of question 毫无疑问，无疑 out of the question 不可能 out of reach 够不着 ‎①She was very ill, but is now out of danger. ‎ 她病重，但现已脱险。‎ ‎②Sorry, you can't use the telephone. It is out of order. ‎ 对不起，电话出毛病了，你不能使用。‎ ‎③It is totally out of the question to postpone the deadline. ‎ 想要推迟最后期限是完全不可能的。‎ ‎2turn to　求助于；致力于；开始从事；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向 Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal？(教材P35)‎ 为什么纳尔逊·曼德拉使用暴力以使黑人和白人平等呢？‎ ‎【一词多义】 写出下列句中turn to的含义。‎ ‎①Our talk turned to football. 转向 ‎②People usually turn to the police for help when they are in trouble. 求助于 ‎③He turned to the study of Shakespeare. 致力于 ‎④Turn to the next page. 翻到 ‎⑤After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism. 开始从事 ‎⑥You shouldn't always turn to the dictionary when you meet new words in reading. 查阅 turn around 转身；旋转；回转；好转 turn away 拒绝；不准(某人)入内 turn down调小(音量等)；拒绝 turn in上交，交出 turn into把……变成 turn off关闭(开关等)‎ turn over翻转；翻身；移交 turn out证明是；结果是；关掉；变成 turn up调高；出现 ‎⑦Tom had to turn down the invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.‎ 上个周末，汤姆不得不拒绝参加聚会的邀请，因为他太忙了。‎ ‎⑧Though it looked like rain this morning, it has turned out to be a fine day.‎ 尽管今早看起来要下雨，但结果却是一个好天。‎ ‎3lose heart　丧失勇气或信心；灰心；泄气 The scientist from whom we heard the good news never lost heart when he was in trouble.(教材P37)‎ 我们从其口中获得好消息的科学家遇到困难时从不灰心。‎ learn sth by heart 背诵；牢记……‎ put one's heart into sth用全部精力去做某事 lose one's heart to sb倾心于/爱上某人 strike…into one's heart使……刻骨铭心 heart and soul 全心全意地 from the bottom of one's heart从某人的心底 ‎①As an old saying goes, “Nothing is too hard if you put your heart into it.”‎ 正如有句老话说的：“心之所愿，无所不成。”‎ ‎②She lost her heart to a handsome policeman. ‎ 她倾心于一位英俊的警察。‎ ‎③So I should serve my country heart and soul.‎ 因此，我应该全心全意服务我的国家。‎ ‎1see的用法和stage作先行词的定语从句 The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.(教材P34)‎ 过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们仍处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。‎ ‎【句式点拨1】‎ see, find, witness等词可用物作主语，以增添语言色彩，即拟人手法。see可译为“(在某段时期)发生(某情况)；经历；经受”。‎ ‎①They came to the corner which had_seen (see) many accidents.‎ 他们来到了那个发生过许多次事故的拐角处。‎ ‎②National Day saw people singing and dancing happily in the street.‎ 国庆节里人们在大街上高兴地唱啊跳啊！‎ ‎③The last thirty years have_witnessed (witness) a large number of laws guaranteeing us our rights.‎ 过去的三十年里制定了大量保障我们权利的法律。‎ ‎【句式点拨2】‎ 当先行词是stage, situation, case, position等词且从句缺少状语时，定语从句常用where或in/on which来引导。‎ ‎④You could get into a situation where (＝in which) you have to decide immediately.‎ 你可能遇上一种情况，即当下你不得不立刻作出决定。‎ ‎⑤We're getting to the condition where/in which we can hardly go out together.‎ 我们已经快到几乎难以一起外出的地步了。‎ ‎2reason(s)后的定语从句 The reason why I got a job was because of my hard work.(教材P37)‎ 我得到工作是因为我工作努力。‎ ‎【句式点拨】‎ reason后接定语从句时，如果引导词在定语从句中作宾语，定语从句应由关系代词that/which引导(可省略)；若作状语，应由why引导。‎ ‎①Do you know the reason why he was absent this morning?‎ 你知道他今天上午缺席的原因吗？(作状语)‎ ‎②He was absent today. The reason that/which he gave was that his father was in hospital. ‎ 他今天缺席了。他给出的原因是他父亲住院了。(作宾语)‎ Ⅰ.品句填词(用所给词的适当形式或根据语境写一个合适的词)‎ ‎1．I promise it will be an extremely rewarding (reward) experience. ‎ ‎2．I'm willing (will) to admit that I have hurt her, but that's not my real meaning.‎ ‎3．Horace is sodevoted (devote) to his garden that he hasn't been away for 10 years.‎ ‎4．His sister ran away from home and went abroad because of familyviolence (violent)．‎ ‎5．The mine owner was sentenced to ten years in prison because he employed children as miners illegally.‎ ‎6．The boy narrowly (narrow) escaped being knocked down when he ran across the road in front of the bus.‎ ‎7．She spent a peaceful (peace) afternoon by the river with her two classmates.‎ ‎8．Though he escaped from the big fire, his skin was severely burned.‎ ‎9．Nowadays, women's contributions, skills and experience are equal to men's and must be rewarded accordingly.‎ ‎10．The new policy provides an opportunity for young people to improve their performance under the guidance (guide) of professional coaches. ‎ Ⅱ.单句改错(含本单元的词汇和语法)‎ ‎1．Only when we realize the importance of helping each other can we devoted to building a harmonious society. ‎ ‎2．Seeing that the enemy was much stronger than themselves, the soldiers lost their heart at once. ‎ ‎3．Lei Feng is a moral model in China. His is revealed in everything he does. ‎ ‎4．Nelson Mandela was 75 when he became a president of South Africa.‎ ‎5．Only with the greatest of luck did she manage to escape the rising flood waters.‎ ‎6．As far as I know, he has been out of the work for several months.‎ ‎7．In Singapore, government reports and most business letters are the main situations English is used.‎ ‎8．I fell in love with the city for the first time I visited it. ‎ ‎9．We must take proper steps to guarantee the students' psychological health to which special attention should be paid / to .‎ ‎10．He eventually his own advertising firm as well as a journal for contemporary arts, and he opened a gallery in Shanghai.‎ Ⅲ.课文语法填空 Nelson Mandela, a freedom fighter, was 1．active (act) in fighting 2．for the equal rights of the black. During the time when Mandela lived, blacks had no rights 3．to_vote (vote) and were out of work. They were put into a position 4．where they had either to accept the fact that they were less important, 5．or fight against the government. ‎ Mandela helped black people by offering 6．guidance (guide) to them on their legal problems. This prevented them from 7．being badly treated by the government. He also called on blacks to attack the laws. Only when the peaceful way was of no use 8．did they answer violence 9．with violence. The black even blew up some government buildings, though it was dangerous. This ‎ turned out to be useful as it helped to achieve their dream of 10．making (make) black and white people equal.‎