【英语】2019届二轮复习考点理清(五)—突破定语从句，辨清4大易错点（4页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习考点理清(五)—突破定语从句，辨清4大易错点（4页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习考点理清(五)—突破定语从句，辨清4大易错点 易错点1　what不能引导定语从句 ‎[典例1]　(2014·全国卷Ⅰ)Maybe you have a habit __67___ is driving your family crazy.‎ 分析：定语从句的先行词为前面的a habit，在定语从句中作主语，故填that/which。注意：此处不能用what。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2016·四川高考)The dishes what I cooked were Mom's favorite.‎ 分析：dishes后为定语从句，what不能引导定语从句，此处引导词在从句中作cooked的宾语。故what→that/which或去掉what。‎ 易错点2　that不能引导非限制性定语从句 ‎[典例1]　(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)In their spare time, they are interested in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house.‎ 分析：分析句子结构可知，先行词为garden，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，且关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故that→which。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, __70__ is not good for the health.‎ 分析：分析句子结构可知，先行词为前面的整个句子，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。 ‎ 易错点3　定语从句中先行词表示地点、时间或原因时，引导词不一定是where, when或why ‎[典例1]　(2019届高三·遵义模拟)I simply cut the branch ___70__ the bird was sitting on.‎ 分析：定语从句的先行词为表示地点的branch，但定语从句缺少宾语，故填that/which。注意：此处不能用where。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2019届高三·西安模拟)Furthermore, factories where release a great deal of smoke are also responsible.‎ 分析：定语从句的先行词为表示地点的factories，但定语从句缺少主语，故where→which/that。‎ 易错点4　逗号后面的引导词不一定用which ‎[典例1]　(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But Sarah, __64__ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.She is determined to carry on with her education.‎ 分析：分析句子结构可知，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词是Sarah，指人，故填who。此处不能用which。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2018·六安模拟)To realize my dream, I must learn as much as I can to get into a good medical college, which I can make full preparations for the job of a doctor. ‎ 分析：逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词为a good medical college，引导词在从句中作地 点状语，故which→where或which前加in。‎ 定语从句解题“3步骤”‎ ‎[典例1]　(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid1980s, __65__ I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.‎ 分析：第一步：找出句中的先行词，并将其还原代入从句中，使从句成为一个完整的句子“in the mid1980s I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild”；‎ 第二步：确定被代入部分在从句中充当的成分。in the mid1980s在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词；‎ 第三步：先行词in the mid1980s指时间，故填when。‎ ‎[典例2]　(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __64__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.‎ 分析：第一步：找出句中的先行词，并将其还原代入从句中，使从句成为一个完整的句子“the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings”；‎ 第二步：确定被代入部分在从句中充当的成分。“the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River”在从句中作主语，应用关系代词；‎ 第三步：先行词“the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River”指物，故填that/which。‎ ‎[即时强化训练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2018·安庆二模)Eating dumplings is a common folk custom for many Chinese on the day of winter solstice (冬至), especially those who live in the north.‎ ‎2．(2018·芜湖一模)However, I regarded myself — as humorous and replied with a slang sentence, which_describes the rain falling heavily.‎ ‎3．(2019届高三·贵阳模拟)A lot of films have tried to describe the afterlife and our memories of family members who/that have passed away.‎ ‎4．(2018·宣城二模)The video, which was just 7 seconds long, has been viewed more than 19 million times in just two days.‎ ‎5．(2019届高三·遵义模拟)The renaissance was a time when Europe started to develop its arts and sciences again.‎ ‎6．(2019届高三·重庆模拟)The 13th to arrive was Judas, who betrayed Jesus.‎ ‎7．(2018·赣州联考)All of a sudden, her handicap was gone and all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me and almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about.‎ ‎8．(2018·南昌模拟)The “intelligent classroom behavior management system” involves a facial recognition camera which/that scans the classroom every 30 seconds.‎ ‎9．(2018·长春模拟)Sometimes I'm OK waiting but not this day, so I went to the nearby convenience store and came back to the station where a junior high school girl was still standing, waiting for the bus too.‎ ‎10．(2019届高三·滁州模拟)There they met people from other parts of the country, who had also volunteered to help.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．(2019届高三·遵义模拟)Half a year ago, unfortunately, my father was seriously injured, that made our family even worse off.that→which ‎2．(2018·重庆七校联考)We have to stand out and prove to be better than others, who means we have to work really hard.who→which ‎3．(2019届高三·重庆模拟)First, I think I should go over all the things which my teachers taught me in the previous term.which→that ‎4．(2018·绵阳三模)At the beginning of the 21st century, the government began to attach great importance to its development, under the influence of that, people's living conditions began to improve.that→which ‎5．(2018·闽侯模拟)At the school that she worked, a lot of students were poor.that→where ‎6．(2018·莆田模拟)My cousins and I rushed to a forest and went to the highest point, there we could appreciate the whole sight.there→where ‎7．(2019届高三·南宁模拟)An old man which sold maps nearby ran to Jack at once and said：“Maps of the city, sir？”which→who/that ‎8．(2018·大庆模拟)However, there are still 14% whom prefer to keep the troubles to themselves.whom→who ‎9．(2018·鄂州模拟)My first job was in my aunt's bakery in the village that I once lived.that→where ‎10．(2018·银川模拟)I couldn't forget the day on that I was thrown into the cold ‎ water.that→which