2019届一轮复习译林版选修8Unit2Theuniversallanguage单元学案设计（23页）

2019届一轮复习译林版选修8Unit2Theuniversallanguage单元学案设计（23页）

‎2019届一轮复习译林版选修8Unit2The universal language单元学案设计 写作句型锤炼 主体段落常用句型锤炼：动词不定式作结果状语 先熟读背诵——精彩句型烂熟于心 ‎1.He hurried to the airport only to be told that the film star had left.‎ 他匆忙赶到机场，却被告知那位电影明星已经离开了。‎ ‎2.I tore the box，only to discover that some of the parts were missing.‎ 我撕开盒子，却发现有些零件不见了。‎ ‎3.They reached the company out of breath，only to learn that they were fired.‎ 他们上气不接下气地赶到公司，结果却得知他们被解雇了。‎ ‎4.He returned home to learn his daughter had just been engaged.‎ 他回家后结果却得知女儿刚刚订婚了。‎ ‎5.He went to swim in the river nearby，never to come back again.‎ 他去附近的河里游泳，结果再也没有回来。‎ ‎6.To enjoy a grander sight，you must climb to a greater height.‎ 欲穷千里目，更上一层楼。‎ 后临摹仿写——妙语佳句信手拈来 ‎1.我们到达车站，结果却被告知火车已离开了。‎ We__got__to__the__station,__only__to__be__told__that__the__train__had__left.‎ ‎2.他匆匆忙忙地赶往剧院，结果被告知票已卖完。‎ He__hurried__to__the__theatre,__only__to__be__told__that__the__tickets__had__been__sold__out.‎ ‎3.她回到家，才发现家里没有一个人。‎ She__returned__only__to__find__that__no__one__was__at__home.‎ Ⅰ.重点单词—识记·联想·运用 ‎[会书写]‎ 一、核心单词 ‎1.cast vt.& vi.　选派角色；投射(光、影)‎ ‎2.folk adj. 民间的，民俗的 n. 人们；亲属(尤指父母)‎ ‎3.deadline n. 最后期限，截止日期 ‎4.dare vt.& vi.& aux. 敢于，胆敢 ‎5.seize vt. 逮捕，捉拿；抓住，捉住 ‎6.dawn n. 黎明，拂晓 ‎7.broken adj. 破损的，受伤的；中止了的 ‎8.scold vt. 训斥，责骂 ‎9.apply vt. 申请，请求；应用，运用 ‎10.participate vi. 参与，参加 ‎11.desire n. 希望，愿望 vt. 向往；想要 二、阅读单词 ‎1.liberty n. 自由 ‎2.decline n. 衰落，衰败；减少；下降 vi.&vt. 衰落；下降；婉言谢绝 ‎3.trend n. 趋势，动向 ‎4.seek vt.& vi. 试图，设法；寻找，寻求 ‎5.scream vi. 尖叫，高声喊；呼啸 n. 尖叫，尖锐刺耳的声音 ‎6.department n. 部，司，局，处，系 ‎7.stubborn adj. 固执的，顽固的 ‎8.condemn vt. 判刑，宣判；指责，谴责 三、拓展单词 ‎1.disturbing adj.令人不安的；引起恐慌的→disturb v.搅乱，弄乱；干扰→disturbed adj.困扰的 ‎2.slavery n.奴隶身份；奴隶制→slave n.奴隶→slaver n.奴隶贩子 ‎3.prejudice n.偏见，成见 vt.使怀有偏见→prejudiced adj.有偏见的；偏心的 ‎4.discrimination n.歧视，区别对待；辨别力，鉴赏力→discriminate v.辨别，区分；歧视 ‎5.universal__adj.共同的，普遍的，全世界的→universe n.宇宙 ‎6.unwilling adj.不情愿，不愿意；勉强的，无奈的→willing adj.自愿的→willingness n.乐意 ‎7.demand vt.强烈要求；需要n.要求；需求→demanding adj.要求高的，苛求的 ‎8.evident__adj.清楚的，显然的→evidence n.证据；证词 ‎9.merciful adj.仁慈的，慈悲的→mercy n.宽容，仁慈，怜悯 ‎10.unite vi.& vt.联合，团结；统一→united adj.联合的，团结的；统一的→unity n.联合，团结；统一 ‎11.unemployment__n.失业→unemployed adj.失业的→employment n.雇佣→employ v.雇佣→employer n.雇主→employee n.雇员 ‎12.collection n.作品集；收藏品；一批(人或物品)；取走→collect vt.收集→collector n.收集者；收藏家 ‎13.tendency n.倾向，偏好；趋势，趋向→tend v.倾向；趋向 ‎14.gradual adj.逐渐的；平缓的→gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地 ‎[会积累]‎ ‎1.“增加”“减少”面面观 ‎①增加：rise，increase，accumulate，go up ‎②减少：fall，decrease，decline，go down ‎2.多方“搜寻”动词 ‎①seek　寻找，探寻 ‎②explore 探索，探究 ‎③track 跟踪；追踪 ‎④hunt 寻找；猎取 ‎3.各种“大喊大叫”‎ ‎①scream v. 因恐惧、快乐等尖叫 ‎②cry v. 因恐惧、痛苦等喊叫 ‎③shout v. 高声喊叫 ‎④yell v. 因外界刺激尖叫 ‎⑤call v. 大声说话或喊叫 ‎4.“指责，谴责”系列动词 ‎①scold 责骂，斥责 ‎②criticize 批评，指责 ‎③blame 指责，责备 ‎④accuse 谴责，指控 ‎⑤condemn 谴责，判刑 ‎5.“－er”结尾的名词一览 ‎①composer 作曲者 ‎ ‎②customer 顾客 ‎③designer 设计者 ‎④explorer 探险者 ‎⑤foreigner 外国人 ‎⑥traveller 旅行者 ‎⑦prisoner 犯人 ‎6.“清楚，明显”形容词全接触 ‎①evident 显然的 ‎②obvious 极为明显的 ‎③apparent 显而易见的 ‎④clear 清楚明白的 ‎7.“－cy”结尾名词荟萃 ‎①tendency 趋势 ‎②frequency 频率 ‎③currency 货币；通货 ‎④emergency 紧急情况 ‎⑤agency 代理机构 ‎⑥accuracy 准确性 ‎[会应用]　用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1.They asked her to be merciful (mercy) to the prisoners.‎ ‎2.The workers demanded the same wage and the same treatment! There must be no discrimination (discriminate).‎ ‎3.He made gradual progress in his study and gradually he became a popular student.(gradual)‎ ‎4.The disturbing news disturbed his normal life and caused disturbance.(disturb)‎ ‎5.George is a famous collector who collects coins and stamps.His private collection is classic.(collect)‎ ‎6.Teaching is a demanding profession，so the headmaster usually demands that every teacher should try their best to do it.(demand)‎ ‎7.There is an increasing tendency that more and more famous people tend to send their children to study abroad.(tendency)‎ ‎8.An increase in crime is one of the results of unemployment，so the government and the employers should pay more attention to the employment.(employ)‎ ‎9.They were searching for evidence of his crime，and found it was evident that he had murdered the president.Evidently he was sentenced to death.(evident)‎ ‎10.There are a huge number of unknown planets in the universe，so these puzzles are very universal.But we believe we can make them clear one day.(universe)‎ Ⅱ.核心短语—识记·联想·运用 ‎[会书写]‎ ‎1.be__condemned__to__sth　　被处以某种刑罚 ‎2.ask__for__sb’s__hand__in__marriage (向女方)求婚 ‎3.fall__in__love 相爱，坠入爱河 ‎4.at__first__sight 初次见面；乍一看 ‎5.spring__up 突然兴起，迅速出现 ‎6.break__up 破裂，解散；破碎 ‎7.depend__on 依赖，依靠 ‎8.put__up 举起，张贴，提供食宿 ‎9.apply__for 申请 ‎10.split__up 分裂，分解 ‎11.participate in 参加；参与 ‎12.have a tendency for 有一种……倾向 ‎13.take on 呈现；雇用；承担 ‎14.break one’s promise 违背诺言 ‎15.serve as 起……作用；用作……‎ ‎16.try out 实验；试用 ‎17.go crazy 变得疯狂，发疯 ‎18.find out 发现，查明，弄清 ‎19.come close to 接近，靠近 ‎20.get together 相聚，在一起 ‎[会积累]‎ ‎1.sight短语荟萃 ‎①at first sight　初次见面；乍一看 ‎②at the sight of 看到 ‎③out of sight 看不到 ‎④in/within sight 在视野内 ‎⑤come into sight 出现 ‎⑥on sight 一看到，一看见 ‎2.“v.＋for”短语集锦 ‎①apply for 申请 ‎②long for 渴望 ‎③hope for 希望得到 ‎④wish for 希望得到 ‎⑤prepare for 为……作准备 ‎3.“v.＋as”短语小结 ‎①serve as 用作……‎ ‎②act as 作为……用 ‎③function as 起……作用 ‎④work as 以……身份工作 ‎ ‎4.“go＋adj.”短语一览 ‎①go mad 发疯 ‎②go hungry 挨饿 ‎③go bad 变质 ‎④go wrong (机器等)发生故障 ‎⑤go crazy 变得疯狂，发疯 ‎⑥go deaf 变聋 ‎[会应用]　选用上表左栏短语填空 ‎1.I didn’t know why a sudden surprise sprung__up in my mind.‎ ‎2.They agreed to put two foreigners up for the summer holiday.‎ ‎3.All students should be encouraged to participate__in sports to build their body up.‎ ‎4.It is known to all that all living things depend__on the sun for their growth.‎ ‎5.Things became worse and worse，so I would go__crazy if this went on.‎ ‎6.I was told that my cousin was__condemned__to ten years in prison.‎ ‎7.When he went back from abroad，he found that his hometown took__on a new look.‎ ‎8.At__first__sight，there is nothing special about the watch，but in fact it is a mobile phone.‎ Ⅲ.经典句式—分析·背诵·仿写 句型公式1：“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义。‎ ‎[教材原句] Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could not be a more awesome setting！想象一下在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧——不可能有比这更棒的场景了！‎ ‎[句型仿写] As far as I’m concerned，nothing is more__important__than__health.‎ 就我个人而言，身体健康最重要。‎ 句型公式2：before引导时间状语从句，意为“还没来得及……就……；趁……；之后才……”等。‎ ‎[教材原句] Unfortunately，Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene，and it had to be completed by one of his former students，Franco Alfano.‎ 不幸的是，普契尼还没写完最后一幕就因心脏病去世了，这一幕不得不由他以前的一名学生法兰高·阿法奴完成。‎ ‎[句型仿写] You’d better write down her phone number before__you__forget__it.‎ 趁你还没忘你最好把她的电话号码记下来。‎ 句型公式3：wherever引导让步状语从句，意为“无论去(在)哪里”。此时，相当于no matter where。‎ ‎[教材原句] Wherever the Beatles went，there was a phenomenon called ‘Beatlemania’—thousands of fans would surround them，screaming and going crazy trying to see them.无论甲壳虫乐队到哪儿，总有一种被称为“披头士狂热”的现象——成千上万的粉丝聚集在他们周围，尖叫着、疯狂地试图见他们一面。‎ ‎[句型仿写] I expect you to do what you can with what you have，wherever__you__are.‎ 我希望你无论在哪里，都要用现在所拥有的做好你能做到的事情。‎ Ⅳ.语段改错—回顾·修正·热诵 根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ Last night Turandot performed in the Forbidden City in Beijing.Turandot is the story of stubborn and cruel Chinese princess，named Turandot，which lives in Beijing’s Forbidden City.She says any potential husband must solve three riddles ‎ or he will be condemned to dead.The story begins when a prince is killed for failing to solve the riddles.Short afterwards，Calaf sees Turandot and falls in love with her.Meanwhile，a young slave of Calaf’s father，Liu，loves Calaf.Calaf answers the riddles without some mistake，but Turandot is unwilling to get married.Calaf says that if she can guess his name in sunrise，she doesn’t have to marry him.Turandot threatens and terrifies Liu; Liu kills himself.In the end of the prince and princess unite in marriage and the whole city celebrates their happy.The production combined the very best of Western and Chinese talents in music，staging and directing.‎ 答案 Last night Turandot performed in the Forbidden City in Beijing.Turandot is the story of stubborn and cruel Chinese princess，named Turandot， lives in Beijing’s Forbidden City.She says any potential husband must solve three riddles or he will be condemned to .The story begins when a prince is killed for failing to solve the riddles. afterwards，Calaf sees Turandot and falls in love with her.Meanwhile，a young slave of Calaf’s father，Liu，loves Calaf.Calaf answers the riddles without mistake，but Turandot is unwilling to get married .Calaf says that if she can guess his name sunrise，she doesn’t have to marry him.Turandot threatens and terrifies Liu; Liu kills .In the end the prince and princess unite in marriage and the whole city celebrates their .The production combined the very best of Western and Chinese talents in music，staging and directing.‎ ‎[核 心 词 汇]‎ ‎1.cast (cast，cast) vt.& vi.选派角色；投射(光、影)；向……投以(视线、笑容)n.全体演员 cast down 使沮丧/失望 cast light on/upon 弄清楚，使人明白 cast a shadow on 在……投下阴影 cast a glance/look at/toward 朝……瞧了瞧 cast sb as 选派某人演……角色 ‎①The kid was cast down because he was scolded by his mother.‎ 那个孩子因为被他妈妈斥责而感到沮丧。‎ ‎②Here are the research findings that cast new light on the origin of our universe.‎ 这就是对宇宙起源有新认识的研究发现。‎ ‎③His parents’ unhappy marriage cast a shadow and left a big scar on Tony’s faith toward marriage.‎ 父母的不幸婚姻给托尼投下了阴影，在他对婚姻信心中留下了伤疤。‎ ‎2.condemn vt.判刑，宣判；指责，谴责 be condemned to sth　被处以某种刑罚；使某人被迫接受困境 condemn sb to death 判处某人死刑 condemn sb for (doing) sth 因(做)某事而谴责某人 condemn...as... 指责……为……‎ be condemned to do sth 注定做某事 ‎①Those who cannot answer all three riddles，however，will be condemned to ‎ death.(教材原句)‎ 然而，那些不能答对三个谜语的人们将被处死。‎ ‎②The judge condemned the drunk driver to__stay (stay)in prison for six months.‎ 法官判这个酒驾司机六个月拘役。‎ ‎③Their lack of qualifications condemned them to a lifetime of boring，usually poorly－paid work.‎ 没有学历使他们一辈子都得从事枯燥乏味而且通常报酬很低的工作。‎ ‎3.dare vt.& vi.& aux.敢于，胆敢 ‎(1)dare用作实义动词时，有人称、数和时态的变化。‎ 常见搭配：dare to do sth“敢于做某事”。 在否定句和疑问句中，to可以省略。‎ ‎(2)dare用作情态动词时，通常用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，没有人称和数的变化，后面跟动词原形，其否定式为dare not。I dare say为习惯说法，意为“我想， 我敢说”。‎ ‎①This means that few men would dare to__ask (ask)for her hand in marriage.(教材原句)‎ 这意味着几乎没人敢向她求婚。‎ ‎②How__dare you speak to your teacher like that!‎ 你怎么敢那样跟你老师讲话！‎ ‎③She dare not tell (tell)her parents that she has failed the maths test.‎ 她不敢告诉父母数学考试不及格。‎ ‎④I dare__say she is quite an experienced athlete.‎ 我敢说她是一个相当有经验的运动员。‎ ‎4.demand vt.强烈要求；需要n.要求；需求 ‎(1)be in (great) demand　 (迫切)需求 meet/satisfy one’s demands 满足某人的需求 ‎(2)demand to do sth 要求做某事 demand that...(should) do sth 要求……做某事 ‎①Bicycle sharing is quite popular; it is in__great__demand in this city.‎ 共享单车很受欢迎，在这座城市的需求量很大。‎ ‎②The manager promised that they would try to meet/satisfy__their__customers’__demands.‎ 经理许诺他们会尽力满足顾客的需求。‎ ‎③It’s demanded that the problem he referred to (should)__be__discussed (discuss)in no time.‎ 要求立刻讨论他提到的问题。‎ ‎5.decline n.衰落，衰败；减少；下降vi.& vt.衰落；下降；婉言谢绝 ‎(1)fall/go into decline　陷入衰退 in decline/on the decline 在衰退中，走下坡路 ‎(2)decline to do sth 拒绝做某事 ‎①Now he is crazy about pop music，so his interest in computer games is in decline.‎ ‎→Now he is crazy about pop music，so his interest in computer games is on the decline.‎ 现在他痴迷于流行音乐，因此他对电脑游戏的兴趣在下降。‎ ‎②The star declined to__discuss (discuss)his plans with the newspaper reporter.‎ 这位影星谢绝与新闻记者讨论他的计划。‎ ‎6.seek (sought；sought) vt.& vi.试图，设法；寻找，寻求 seek (for) sth/sb from 从……寻找某物/某人 seek after 追求；追寻 seek to do sth 试图做某事 seek one’s fortune 找出路；碰运气 seek out 搜寻出；找出 ‎①In the early 1950s，a record company owner from Memphis，Tennessee，Sam Philips，sought to__bring (bring)rock music to white audiences.(教材原句)‎ 在20世纪50年代初期，田纳西州孟菲斯的一家唱片公司老板萨姆·菲利普斯试图让白人观众接受摇滚乐。‎ ‎②In the early 1920s，thousands of people went to Australia __to__seek__their__fortune.‎ 在20世纪20年代初，成千上万的人涌入澳大利亚寻求发财的机会。‎ ‎③We are all seeking__after__happiness while few of us know what is happiness.‎ 我们都在追求幸福，但我们当中几乎没有人知道幸福是什么。‎ ‎[名师指津]　表示“寻找”的短语还有：look for，search for，hunt for等。‎ ‎7.fall in love (with sb)爱上(某人)，相爱，坠入爱河 ‎(1)fall in love with“突然爱上”，表示动作，是短暂性动词短语，不与表示一段时间的状语连用 ‎(2)be in love with“爱/喜欢”，表示状态，是延续性动词短语，可与表示一段时间的状语连用 ‎①In the film，a beautiful girl fell__in__love__with a beast.‎ 在这部影片中，美女爱上了野兽。‎ ‎②Annie was so attractive that Jimmy fell__in__love__with her the first time he saw her.Now they have__been__in__love__with each other for 3 years.‎ 安妮如此迷人以至于吉米第一次见她就爱上了她。现在他们已经相爱三年了。‎ ‎8.break up 破裂；破碎，打碎；解散，驱散；拆开，分开；分手；结束；放假 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中break up的含义 ‎①After the end－of－term examination all the schools begin to break up.放假 ‎②He lost his job and his marriage broke up.破裂 ‎③If you do not understand her in this matter，you might easily break up with her.分手 ‎④They broke up the partnership because of the disagreement.结束(关系等)‎ ‎⑤As the meeting broke up，the participants were divided into smaller groups—twos and threes.解散；结束 ‎ ‎⑥There are plans to break the company up into several smaller independent companies.拆开，分开 ‎[重 点 句 型]‎ ‎1.Just imagine performing such an opera in the Forbidden City—there could__not__be__a__more__awesome__setting!‎ 想象一下在紫禁城上演这出歌剧吧——不可能有比这更棒的场景了！‎ 句中could not be a more...为“否定词＋比较级”结构，表示最高级意义。表示最高级含义的主要有：‎ ‎(1)否定词＋比较级(＋than...)，通常译为“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”。常用的否定词有no，not，never，nothing，nobody，hardly等。‎ ‎①It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier than I was.‎ 直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。‎ ‎②Mr.Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn’t ask for a better (good) boss.‎ 为史蒂文森先生工作真好，我实在找不到比他更好的老板了。‎ ‎(2)完成时＋never＋ ‎③I have never met such a kind－hearted person before.‎ 他是我见过的心眼最好的人。‎ ‎(3)比较级＋than＋ ‎④ 这本书对我影响最大。‎ ‎(4)can/could＋never/not＋enough/too...“再……也不过分；越……越……”。‎ ‎⑤—Must I turn off the gas after cooking?‎ ‎—Of course.You can__never__be__too__careful with that.‎ ‎——做完饭后我必须关上煤气吗？‎ ‎——当然，在用煤气方面越小心越好。‎ ‎2.Unfortunately，Puccini died of a heart attack before he completed this final scene，and it had to be completed by one of his former students，Franco Alfano.‎ 不幸的是，普契尼还没写完最后一幕就因心脏病去世了，这一幕不得不由他以前的学生法兰高·阿法奴完成。‎ ‎(1)句中before引导时间状语从句，表示“还没来得及……就……”。 before引导时间状语从句时主要表达下列不同的意思：‎ ‎(1)在……之前 ‎(2)还没来得及……就……(强调从句动作发生之前，主句动作已经发生)‎ ‎(3)……之后才……(说明主句的动作持续时间比较长而从句的动作才开始)‎ ‎(4)(不久)就……　(5)以免……　(6)趁……‎ ‎①You should be a pupil __before you become a teacher.‎ 要当老师，先做学生。‎ ‎②The boy was so tired that he fell asleep before his mother could take off his clothes.‎ 这个小男孩太累了，他妈妈没有来得及脱下他的衣服，他就睡着了。‎ ‎③I must write it down before__I__forget__it.‎ 趁着还没忘，我必须把它记下来。‎ ‎(2)含before 的常用句式有：‎ ‎(1)It won’t be＋一段时间＋before...　用不了多久就会……‎ ‎(2)It will be＋一段时间＋before... 要过多久之后才……‎ ‎(3)It wasn’t＋一段时间＋before... 没过多久就……‎ ‎(4)It was＋一段时间＋before... 过了多久才……‎ ‎④It__will__be__two__hours__before I can afford time to pick up my son.‎ 要过两个小时，我才能抽出时间接我儿子。‎ ‎⑤It__won’t__be__long__before you get the answer.‎ 不久之后你就能得到答复。‎ ‎[当 堂 达 标]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.We should seize (抓住) every opportunity to develop the economy.‎ ‎2.The man cleared his throat (嗓子) and continued to speak aloud.‎ ‎3.The past 30 years has witnessed (见证) great changes in Shenzhen.‎ ‎4.He is as stubborn (顽固的) as a donkey，and he can’t change his mind.‎ ‎5.We are often scolded (责备) when we make mistakes at home，school and work.‎ ‎6.Several firms were united (联合) to form one company to get rid of the crisis.‎ ‎7.The fans screamed (尖叫) with excitement when they saw Lee Minho.‎ ‎8.His silence indicated that he was unwilling (不情愿) to undertake the work.‎ ‎9.The article condemned (谴责) those officials who do one thing and say another.‎ ‎10.Though she is only 26，she is in charge of the personnel department (部门).‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1.When she found he had lied，she decided to break up with him.‎ ‎2.Those who do not learn from the past are condemned to__repeat (repeat) it.‎ ‎3.The police demanded that he (should)__give (give) them the names.‎ ‎4.She declined to__have (have) lunch with her friend，saying that she wasn’t feeling well.‎ ‎5.We seek to__help (help) every student discover the joy and fulfillment in the obtainment of knowledge.‎ ‎6.The results of this research can be applied to new developments in technology.‎ ‎7.The merciful (mercy) king saved the young officer from death.‎ ‎8.At first sight，the house seems old，but in fact it’s quite new.‎ ‎9.Boris has brains.In fact，I believe he has a higher (high) IQ than anyone else in the class.‎ ‎10.We encourage students to participate fully in the running of the college.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1.It won’t be long before we will know the result of the experiment.去掉will ‎2.The employees demand that their salaries will be raised.will→should或去掉will ‎3.She told me they had fallen in love for over five years.fallen→been ‎4.This section of the market has slowly declined about importance.about→in ‎5.The little boy doesn’t dare to go out in the darkness.去掉to Ⅳ.句型转换 ‎1.Autumn is best for reading in four seasons.‎ ‎→Autumn is better for reading than any other season.‎ ‎2.The population of Japanese is on the decline.‎ ‎→The population of Japanese is in decline.‎ ‎→There is a decline in population in Japanese.‎ ‎3.Don’t worry，and you will see your grandparents soon.‎ ‎→Don’t worry，and it won’t be long before you see your grandparents soon.‎ ‎4.Any attempt to set back the wheel of history is sure to fail.‎ ‎→Any attempt to set back the wheel of history is condemned to fail.‎ ‎5.The information offered by the old man may help clarify the mystery.‎ ‎→The information offered by the old man may help cast light on/upon the mystery.‎ ‎[课 下 作 业]‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·重庆一中模拟)I had been following the yellowish－green markers for a “popular and easy”three－mile out－and－back hike(远足).Immediately after the trailhead，the trail(小径)became very rocky and steep.But having read about the hike，I knew within five minutes，I was supposed to reach the hike’s first overlook.‎ However，the overlook never arrived.Instead，I found myself lost in the woods.Pulling out my cellphone，I saw it read“no service”.I checked the last text message I’d sent to my mom.It read，“Conference ended...going for a small hike before my flight home this afternoon.”I put my phone away and kept moving and yelling，“Help！Is anybody out there？”Every so often，I’d stop to listen，but I never heard a reply.‎ I got out my phone again.The battery was running out fast as it searched for a signal.I struggled to find a place where I could get service.When I did，I called my mom.It went through！In a shaky voice，I said，“Mom？”And then the call dropped.More than 1，500 miles away，my mom instantly knew something was wrong.She called the Denver Police Department and was directed to the US Forest Service.‎ This was how I was introduced to John，an operator from the US Forest Service.Following John’s instruction on the phone，I finally escaped from the woods.I breathed a sigh of relief.Then my phone rang，and it was John，making sure I was still going in the right direction.“By the way，”he said，“we’ve had your mother on hold this whole time.So once you get down the mountain，you ‎ will absolutely want to give her a call.”‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”在森林里远足时迷路。手机信号微弱，电量也即将耗尽。在接通妈妈的电话后，通话便断了。妈妈意识到了危险，立即联系警察救“我”走出森林。‎ ‎1.What did the author do while finding the trail rocky and steep?‎ A.He yelled for help.‎ B.He continued walking.‎ C.He returned to the start.‎ D.He found the first overlook.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段的“But having read about the hike，I knew within five minutes，I was supposed to reach the hike’s first overlook”可知，“我”认为在五分钟内就可以到达目的地；据此可知，尽管石径陡峭，“我”仍然继续向前，故B项正确。]‎ ‎2.When did the author tell his mom about the hiking?‎ A.After he got lost. B.After John’s call.‎ C.After a conference. D.After the call dropped.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段的“Conference ended...going for a small hike before my flight home this afternoon”可知，“我”是在会议结束后告诉妈妈“我”将远足的，故C项正确。]‎ ‎3.How did the author’s mom know he was in danger?‎ A.The author called and told her about it.‎ B.The author’s flight didn’t arrive on time.‎ C.She learned it from the US Forest Service.‎ D.She sensed something unusual on the phone.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第三段的“‘Mom？’And then the call dropped...my mom instantly knew something was wrong”可知，在“我”叫了一声“妈妈”之后，通话便断了，妈妈立即意识到了危险；据此可以判断，D项正确。]‎ ‎4.What can we learn from the last paragraph?‎ A.John came to the woods for the author.‎ B.The author’s mom was on line waiting.‎ C.John lost touch with the author’s mom.‎ D.The author went in the wrong direction.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“we’ve had your mother on hold this whole time”可知，接线员们让“我”的妈妈一直在线等候；据此可以判断，B项正确。]‎ B Top 4 Beautiful Bookstores in the World City Lights Bookstore，San Francisco，United States City Lights，a bookstore－publisher combination specializing in world literature，arts and politics，is still one of the world’s greatest bookshops since its establishment in 1953.It became well－known for publishing Allen Ginsberg’s influential poem“Howl and Other Poems”.Having been a gathering place for American literary icons(偶像)，like Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg，this“Literary Landmark”attracts book lovers from across the country and around the world.‎ El Ateneo Grand Splendid，Buenos Aires，Argentina Occupying a 1920s theatre in the city’s downtown，El Ateneo Grand ‎ Splendid has kept the original furnishings—original balconies，painted ceilings，shining carvings and deep red stage curtains—and added books.The former theatre boxes became reading rooms.Putting your fingers to pages，enjoying the cosy atmosphere of the cafe on the stage between red velvet curtains，will be definitely perfect time.‎ Livraria Lello，Porto，Portugal First opened in 1906，it is in Portugal’s second city，Porto.Its front with a beautiful design，complicated decoration and volumes of books attract many admirers.The lazy red staircase is the centerpiece of this amazing shop，which winds up to the first floor like a flower.Books are available in English，Portuguese and French.A small cafe upstairs is a great place to quietly read your new book and enjoy a selection of coffees，wine and cigars.‎ Shakespeare & Company，Paris，France Originally established in 1919 by Sylvia Beach，it is a combination of a bookstore and a reading library，specializing in English－language literature.In the 1920s，the store was a meeting point for literary icons such as Ezra Pound，Ernest Hemingway and James Joyce.Located in the 5th District，in Paris’s Left Bank，the current store was opened in 1951，named after and in honor of the earlier store closed during World War Ⅱ.It is a cosy place to admire the packed shelves and poetic posters.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四家世界上最美的书店。‎ ‎5.In which bookstore can people admire the flower－like staircase in the center?‎ A.City Lights.‎ B.El Ateneo Grand Splendid.‎ C.Livraria Lello.‎ D.Shakespeare & Company.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第三家书店下的“which winds up to the first floor like a flower”可知答案为C项。]‎ ‎6.What is El Ateneo Grand Splendid noted for compared with the other three bookstores?‎ A.Its origin. B.Its beauty.‎ C.Its location. D.Its comfortableness.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第二家书店下的“Occupying a 1920s theatre in the city’s downtown，El Ateneo Grand Splendid has kept the original furnishings”可知，这家书店的特色就是保留了以前剧院的家具。]‎ ‎7.Which bookstore also publishes books?‎ A.City Lights.‎ B.El Ateneo Grand Splendid.‎ C.Livraria Lello.‎ D.Shakespeare & Company.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第一家书店下的“City Lights，a bookstore－publisher combination”可知，这家书店既是书店又是出版机构。]‎ ‎8.What do City Lights and Shakespeare & Company have in common?‎ A.They pack the shelves.‎ B.They provide good coffees.‎ C.They were opened early.‎ D.They received famous writers.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第一家书店下的“Having been a gathering place for American literary icons(偶像)”和第四家书店下的“the store was a meeting point for literary icons”可知，这两家书店都是作家的聚集地，‎ 即它们都接待了一些著名的作家。]‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 Ask someone for their first memory and they will often give some fairly dull possibilities and not be sure which comes first.However，I have no __1__ at all about mine.The earliest thing I recall is looking down and seeing flames coming out of my __2__.‎ It was a Sunday afternoon in July 1981 when I __3__ fire.I was in the garden with my dad.It was a sunny day but slightly breezy(有微风的).I was standing nearby as my dad __4__ to light the barbecue.After several failed attempts，__5__ he had to use some sort of accelerant (助燃剂).It caused a small fireball，which was flying towards me __6__ the breeze suddenly __7__ in my direction.That’s where the __8__ memory of my burning ankles kicks in. My dad __9__ fast.He dashed indoors，grabbed a large blanket and __10__ to wrap me in it.‎ The next thing I remember is sitting on a chest，feeling hot and __11__ water over and over again; then being driven to a __12__.I underwent lots of skin operations and for weeks I wasn’t able to bend my legs，which had to be wrapped in bandages.__13__ this period，I don’t recall experiencing pain.It was only when I __14__ what an exciting summer my sister was having that my situation began to seem __15__.‎ We’ve never talked much about the __16__ —my dad has never been an especially __17__ person.Now that I have kids of my own，I do sometimes wonder what he __18__.I’ve never felt any __19__ towards him，and I recognize that but for his swift actions the situation could have been __20__.But I’d certainly never have a barbecue with my kids.‎ ‎【语篇导读】　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”回忆了自己人生中与父亲一起经历的难以忘记的事情。‎ ‎1.A.choice B.idea C.doubt D.worry 答案　C　[根据空前和空后的对比可知，此处表示“我”对于自己的记忆毫不怀疑。]‎ ‎2.A.ankles B.blanket C.sleeves D.belly 答案　A　[根据下文的“That’s where the __8__ memory of my burning ankles kicks in.”可知，此处应选A。]‎ ‎3.A.exchanged B.set C.held D.caught 答案　D　[那是1981年七月的一个周日的下午，“我”的脚踝处着火了。catch fire“着火”。]‎ ‎4.A.tended B.struggled C.refused D.managed 答案　B　[根据下文的“After several failed attempts”可知，父亲的几次尝试都失败了，所以此处表示父亲需要努力点燃烧烤架。]‎ ‎5.A.eventually B.gradually C.interestingly D.fortunately 答案　A　[根据上文的“After several failed attempts”可知，此处指父亲经过了多次的尝试，最终不得不使用一些助燃剂。]‎ ‎6.A.before B.unless C.though D.as 答案　D　[因为风向突然改变，火球朝“我”这边飞来。as“因为”，引导 原因状语从句。]‎ ‎7.A.stopped B.howled C.changed D.dropped 答案　C　[参见上题解析。stop“停止”；howl“大声叫喊”；change“改变”；drop“落下”。]‎ ‎8.A.vivid B.sweet C.precious D.vague 答案　A　[根据上文的“However，I have no __1__ at all about mine.”可知，此处表示“我”着火的脚踝留给了“我”生动的记忆。]‎ ‎9.A.hid B.acted C.escaped D.approached 答案　B　[根据下文的“He dashed indoors，grabbed a large blanket”可知，此处指父亲看到这种情景后行动很快。]‎ ‎10.A.got away B.broke in C.stood by D.ran back 答案　D　[根据上文的“He dashed indoors”可知，此处指父亲又从屋内跑出来。]‎ ‎11.A.waiting for B.asking for C.paying for D.searching for 答案　B　[“我”记得的下一件事情是坐在大箱子上，感觉热，然后反复地要水喝。]‎ ‎12.A.hospital B.pool C.café D.gym 答案　A　[根据空后一句话可知，此处指“我”被送到医院。]‎ ‎13.A.Thanks to B.But for C.Throughout D.After 答案　C　[根据上文的“for weeks”可知，此处指在这整个期间。]‎ ‎14.A.realized B.imagined C.predicted D.explained 答案　A　[当“我”意识到“我”的妹妹有一个令人兴奋的夏天的时候，“我”的状况才开始看起来难以忍受。]‎ ‎15.A.ridiculous B.acceptable C.satisfactory D.unbearable 答案　D　[参见上题解析。]‎ ‎16.A.illness B.conflict C.accident D.visit 答案　C　[我们从来不过多地谈论这次事故。illness“疾病”；conflict“冲突”；accident“事故”；visit“参观”。]‎ ‎17.A.strict B.open C.shy D.honest 答案　B　[根据上文的“We’ve never talked much about the __16__ ”可知，此处指父亲不是一位性格特别开朗的人。]‎ ‎18.A.gave away B.took over C.went through D.looked into 答案　C　[“我”有了自己的孩子，有时“我”很想知道父亲当时经历了什么。go through“经历”。]‎ ‎19.A.sympathy B.anxiety C.guilt D.anger 答案　D　[“我”从来不对父亲感到生气。sympathy“同情”；anxiety“忧虑”‎ ‎；guilt “内疚”；anger“怒气”。]‎ ‎20.A.worse B.simpler C.stranger D.clearer 答案　A　[“我”意识到要不是父亲当时快速的行动，情况可能会更加糟糕。worse“更糟的”。]‎