2020届二轮复习短文语法填空分类解题指导之十：状语从句

2020届二轮复习短文语法填空分类解题指导之十：状语从句

‎2020届二轮复习短文语法填空分类解题指导之十：状语从句 语法填空常考点 短文改错常考点 写作常用句式 ‎1.while/when/as/since引导的时间状语从句 ‎2.before/after引导的时间状语从句 ‎3.if/unless/once 引导的条件状语从句 ‎4.though/although引导的让步状语从句 ‎5.when/where引导的时间、地点状语从句 ‎6.whether ... or ...引导的让步状语从句 ‎1.unless与until的误用；‎ ‎2.when与until的误用；‎ ‎3.although/though与but的误用；‎ ‎4.after与while/when的 误用；‎ ‎5.after与since的误用；‎ ‎6.when与where的误用。‎ ‎1.表示“一……就……”的句式 ‎(1)the moment/the minute/the instant ...，＋主句 ‎(2)no sooner ... than .../hardly ...when ...‎ ‎(3)as soon as ...＋主句 ‎2.not ... until ...“直到……才……”‎ ‎3.It will be/was＋一段时间＋before ...‎ ‎“过……(时间)才……”‎ ‎4.It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句 ‎“自从……以来多长时间了”‎ ‎5.every time/each time ...“每次……”‎ ‎6.so ...that .../such ...that ...‎ ‎“如此……以至于……”‎ ‎(一)引导时间状语从句的从属连词及重点句式 ‎1．引导时间状语从句的从属连词有：when, whenever, while, as, before, after, since, till/until, as soon as, no sooner ...than, hardly/scarcely ...when, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute; the instant, the first/last time, every/each time等。‎ Meanwhile, having a Chinese Idiom Dictionary can also be a good choice, so that you can refer to it when you come across idioms that you can't understand in reading.‎ 同时，拥有一本汉语成语词典也是一个不错的选择，这样当你在阅读中遇到你不理解的成语时，你可以参考它。‎ ‎2．在掌握时间状语从句时，要注意以下几个重点句式：‎ ‎(1)not ...until ...“直到……才……”‎ ‎(2)It＋will be/was＋一段时间＋before ... “过……(时间)才……”‎ ‎(3)It＋is/has been＋一段时间＋since ... “自从……‎ 以来多长时间了”‎ ‎(4)It＋won't be long before ...“不久……就……”‎ ‎(5)No sooner＋had＋主语＋过去分词 ...than ...(正常语序：主语＋had no sooner＋过去分词＋than ...) “一……就……”‎ ‎(6)Hardly/Scarcely＋had＋主语＋过去分词 ...when ... (正常语序：主语＋had hardly/scarcely＋过去分词＋when ...)“一……就……”‎ How time flies！It won't be long before I say goodbye to my high school life.‎ 时间过得多快！ 不久我将告别我的高中生活。‎ It was some time before I realized the truth.‎ 过了一段时间我才悟出真相。‎ He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.‎ ‎＝No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.‎ 他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。‎ ‎(二)引导条件状语从句的从属连词的用法 引导条件状语从句的从属连词有：if, unless(除非), as long as/so long as(只要), in case(以防，万一), if only(要是……就好了), on condition that, providing/provided (that), suppose/supposing (that)等。‎ If we go on polluting the environment, the earth won't be fit for us to live in.‎ 如果我们继续污染环境，地球将不再适合我们居住。‎ You'll fail the exam unless you study hard(＝if you don't study hard)．‎ 除非你努力学习，否则你考试会不及格。‎ They agreed to lend us the car on condition that we returned it before the weekend.‎ 他们同意把车借给我们，条件是我们在周末前归还。‎ In our life we may meet many failures. As long as we try our best, there is no need to feel regret for these failures.‎ 生活中我们可能遇到许多的失败， 但只要我们尽了力， 就没有必要为失败而后悔。‎ ‎(三)引导原因状语从句的从属连词的用法 引导原因状语从句的从属连词有：because, as, since(既然，因为)，now (that)(既然), seeing (that)，等。‎ Tired as I was, I was very happy because we did do something to protect the environment.‎ 虽然我很累，但我很高兴，因为我们做了一些事情来保护环境。‎ Now that we all live under one roof, we should learn how to get along well with each other.‎ 既然我们住在同一屋檐下， 我们应该学会如何彼此相处。‎ In my opinion, you should apologize to your mother，as she has done nothing wrong to prevent you from Internet addiction.‎ 依我看来，你应该向你母亲道歉，因为阻止你的网瘾她没有做错事情。‎ ‎(四)引导让步状语从句的从属连词的用法 引导让步状语从句的从属连词有：although/though/as/while(尽管), even if/though(尽管，即使), whether ... or (not), however, whatever, whoever, no matter how/what/who等。‎ Although/Though/While it was raining hard, yet they went on playing football.‎ 虽然正下着大雨，但他们还是继续踢足球。‎ Much as/though I like it, I won't buy it, for it's too expensive.‎ 虽然我很喜欢它，但我不会买，因为它太贵了。‎ I have decided to take the job offer, whether it is good or bad.‎ 不管好坏，我已经决定接受这份工作邀请。‎ More importantly, I'm convinced that you'll definitely benefit from the book whatever you'll choose.‎ 更重要的是，我相信无论你选择什么，你一定会从这本书中受益。‎ 点津：whoever, whatever, whomever, whichever既可以引导状语从句，还可以引导名词性从句。但“no matter＋疑问词”不能引导名词性从句。‎ You can take whatever you like.(宾语从句)‎ 你喜欢什么就可以拿什么。‎ ‎(五)引导地点状语从句及其他状语从句的从属连词的用法 引导地点状语从句的连词有：where；引导目的状语从句的连词有：so that, in case/for fear (that), in order that等；引导结果状语从句的连词有：so ... that，such ... that, so that等；引导方式状语从句的连词有： as, as if, as though等；引导比较状语从句的连词有：as ... as, the same as, more than ..., no more than, such ... as ...等。‎ We should go where the country needs us most.‎ 我们应到国家最需要我们的地方去。‎ It is such fine weather that we all want to go to the park.‎ 天气如此晴朗，以至于我们都想去公园。‎ ‎(2019·江苏高考)The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need medical assistance.‎ 医生把他的电话号码告诉病人，以防他们需要医疗帮助。‎ Ⅰ.语法填空题点全练 ‎1．(2019·天津高考改编)Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents' opinion unless_he wants their support.‎ ‎2．(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)On our way to the house, it was raining so hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get there.‎ ‎3．(2018·北京高考改编)If we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.‎ ‎4．(2017·北京高考改编)If you don't understand something, you may research, study, and talk to other people until/till you figure it out.‎ ‎5．(2016·北京高考改编)I really enjoy listening to music because it ‎ helps me relax and takes my mind away from other cares of the day.‎ ‎6．(2016·天津高考改编)As the average age of the population increases, there are more and more old people to care for.‎ ‎7．(2016·浙江高考改编)Although/Though/While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.‎ ‎8．(2019·武汉毕业调研)Traditionally, getting together is very important for Chinese families, especially when the Spring Festival is coming.‎ Ⅱ.短文改错题点全练 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The games my parents taught me where I was a child turned out to be very useful later in my life.where→when ‎2．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to where I live.Though not very big, but the restaurant is popular in our area.去掉but ‎3．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)At last, I will be on my own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.whenever后加I ‎4．One day, I was skiing down a mountain while I saw a girl aged about 15 who had fallen.while→when ‎5．It happens such often that we end up taking our parents for granted.such→so ‎6．In my opinion, you should come back before you finish your study abroad.before→after ‎7．Time passes quickly, doesn't it? It is three years when I became a high school student.when→since ‎8．You will have to attend the meeting if you're free or busy.if→whether ‎9．(2019·洛阳市第一次统考)I have been writing from I was nine years old.from→since ‎10．I had hardly got to the office than my wife phoned me to go back home at once.than→when ‎[课堂应用体验]‎ Ⅰ.完成句子并改写 ‎1．无论你是谁，只要积极参与活动，就会对中国及其背后的文化产生积极的认识。 ‎ Whoever_you_are,_as_long_as_you_are_actively_involved_in/take_an_active_part_in_the_activity,_you'll develop a positive awareness of Chinese and its culture behind.‎ ‎→Whoever_is_actively_involved_in/takes_an_active_part_in_the_activity will develop a positive awareness of Chinese and its culture behind. (用whoever引导主语从句改写)‎ ‎2．迈克是一个诚实的工人，我们都信任他。‎ Mike is an_honest_worker,_and we all believe in him.‎ ‎→Mike is such_an_honest_worker_that we all believe in him.(用such ...that改写)‎ ‎→Mike is so_honest_a_worker_that we all believe in him.(用so ...that改写)‎ ‎3．为了能看到日出，我们很早就出发去了山顶。‎ In_order_to_see_the_sunrise,_we started for the peak early.‎ ‎→In_order_that_we_might_see_the_sunrise,_we started for the peak early.(改写成目的状语从句)‎ ‎4．直到八点钟他才意识到一整天自己都在上网。‎ He didn't realize he had spent the whole day on the Internet until 8 o'clock.‎ ‎→Not_until_8_o'clock_did_he_realize he had spent the whole day on the Internet.(改为倒装句)‎ ‎5．我们一到车站，火车就离开了。‎ We had_no_sooner_arrived_at_the_station than the train left.‎ ‎→No_sooner_had_we_arrived_at_the_station than the train left. (改为倒装句)‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎(2019·深圳市第一次调研)Mandy Harvey is a 29yearold singer from the American state of Florida. She suffers __1__ a connective tissue disorder. She lost most of her ability __2__ (hear) when she was 18.As a child and during her teenage years, Harvey was a singer. __3__ she stopped singing for a time after she went deaf. But she decided to start singing again __4__ she learned how to feel a song's beat through the ‎ wooden floor of a stage or theater. Harvey is now a professional singer. But until Tuesday night, not many people in the United States had heard of her.‎ That changed when she __5__ (appear) on the television show “America's Got Talent”. The show has four judges, __6__ (watch) people perform and deciding if they should continue in the __7__ (compete). Mandy Harvey stood on stage and performed very well. At one point, everyone present stood up and cheered __8__ (wild)．‎ By Wednesday afternoon, a video of Harvey's performance __9__ (play) 46 million times. Thousands of people wrote about the performance on Facebook. Many wrote that Harvey's performance was __10__ (inspire), and they will not give up on anything they want to do, either.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国佛罗里达州一位29岁的歌手Mandy Harvey的个人经历和演艺生涯。‎ ‎1．from　考查介词搭配。suffer from ...意为“遭受……；受……之苦”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎2．to hear　考查短语搭配。one's ability to do sth.意为“某人做某事的能力”。句意：当她18岁的时候，她几乎是失聪了。‎ ‎3．But　考查连词。根据前后文的关系可知，此处表示转折，意为“不过当她耳聋之后有一段时间她停止了唱歌”。‎ ‎4．after/when　考查状语从句引导词。句意：但是在她(当她)学会了如何通过舞台或剧院的木地板感知歌曲的节奏之后(的时候)，她决定再次开始唱歌。‎ ‎5．appeared　考查时态。根据文章的描述可知，这里讲的是Mandy Harvey当时参加比赛的情景，故用一般过去时。‎ ‎6．watching　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，本句中已有谓语动词has；故此处需要用非谓语动词形式，watch与名词“four judges”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式，根据句中“and”后面的“deciding”也可知答案。‎ ‎7．competition　考查词性转换。根据空前的定冠词the可知，应该用名词形式。competition“竞赛，比赛”。‎ ‎8．wildly　考查副词。cheer“欢呼，加油”，为动词，应该用副词wildly修饰句中的动词“cheered”。‎ ‎9．had been played　考查时态和语态。句意：截止到周三下午，Harvey的表演视频已经被播放了4 600万次了。根据时间状语“By Wednesday afternoon”可知，应该用过去完成时，且动词“play”与主语“a video of Harvey's performance”之间是被动关系，故用过去完成时的被动语态。‎ ‎10．inspiring　考查形容词。inspiring“鼓舞人心的”。ing形式的形容词往往修饰物，ed形式的形容词往往修饰人。由于从句的主语是“Harvey's performance”，故用ing形式的形容词。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2019·成都市第一次诊断)During my second month of nursing ‎ school, our professors gave us a quiz.I had smoothly finished the others' questions when I got stuck on the last one: “What's the first name of the woman who clean the school？” I had seen, many times, the woman, tall and in her fifty, but how could I know her name? I handed in my paper, leave the last question blankly.After a class ended, one student asked for the answer for the question.The professor said, “As you know, that in your careers you will meet many people.You should respect them and care about them, even you just smile and say ‘hello’ to them.”‎ 答案：第一句：professors→professor 第二句：others'→other; clean→cleans 第三句：fifty→fifties 第四句：leave→leaving; blankly→blank 第五句：a→the; 第二个for→to 第六句：去掉that 第七句：even后加if/though