2019届一轮复习外研版必修三Module4SandstormsinAsia单元学案设计（教师版）（32页word版）

2019届一轮复习外研版必修三Module4SandstormsinAsia单元学案设计（教师版）（32页word版）

‎2019届一轮复习外研版必修三Module 4Sandstorms in Asia单元学案设计 一、刷黑板—— Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．sandstorm n．　　　　　　 沙尘暴 ‎2．inland adj. 内地的；内陆的 ‎3．campaign n. 战役；活动 ‎4．dune n. 沙丘 ‎5．desertification n. (土地的)沙漠化　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎6．citizen n．　　　　　　　　 公民；市民 ‎7．dust n. 沙尘；灰尘 ‎8．cycle vi. 骑自行车 ‎ ‎9．mask n. 面罩 ‎10．carbon n. 碳　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎11．dioxide n．　　　　　　 二氧化物 ‎12．melt vi. 融化 ‎13．coastal adj. 沿海的 ‎14．nutshell n. 坚果壳；简单的一句话　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎1．frightening adj.　　　　　 吓人的；可怕的 ‎2．mass adj. 大量的；大规模的 ‎ ‎3．process n. 进程；过程 ‎4．forecast vt. 预报；预告 ‎5．strength n. 力量；力气　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎6．atmosphere n．　　　　　　 大气；大气层 ‎7．chemical n. 化学药品 ‎ ‎8．environment n. 环境 ‎9．garbage n. 废料；垃圾 ‎10．pollution n. 污染　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎11．recycle v．　　　　　　　 重新利用；再循环 ‎12．concerned adj. 关心的；担心的 ‎13．evidence n. 根据；证明 ‎14．major adj. 主要的；多数的 ‎15．urgent adj. 紧急的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎16．pollute vt.　　　　　　　 污染 ‎17．complain vi. 抱怨；发牢骚 ‎18．scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的 ‎19．absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地 ‎20．protection n. 保护 ‎21．cut_down 砍倒　‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎22．be_caught_in　　　　　　 突然遭遇(风暴等)‎ ‎23．one_after_another 一个接一个地 ‎24．have_a_bad_effect_on 对……有坏影响 ‎25．take_in 吸收 ‎26．give_out 放出；发出 ‎27．in_a_nutshell 简言之；概括地讲 ‎28．look_through 浏览　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 ‎ 二、刷清单—— ‎(一)核心单词 阅 读 单 词 ‎1.sandstorm n．　 　沙尘暴 ‎2．inland adj. 内地的；内陆的 ‎3．campaign n. 战役；活动 ‎4．dune n. 沙丘 ‎5.citizen n．　　　　公民；市民 ‎6．dust n. 沙尘；灰尘 ‎7．cycle vi. 骑自行车 ‎ ‎8．mask n. 面罩 ‎9.carbon n．　　　　　碳 ‎10．dioxide n. 二氧化物 ‎11．melt vi. 融化 ‎12．coastal adj. 沿海的 表 达 单 词 ‎1.mass adj.　　　　　　　大量的；大规模的 ‎2．process n. 进程；过程 ‎3．forecast vt. 预报；预告 ‎4．atmosphere n. 大气；大气层；气氛 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．The two parties held the talk in a friendly atmosphere (气氛) and reached an agreement.‎ ‎2．The protection of the environment (环境) is one of the basic state policies of the Chinese government.‎ ‎3．Learning is a process (过程) in ‎5．chemical n. 化学药品 ‎6．environment n. 环境 ‎7．garbage n. 废料；垃圾 ‎8．recycle v. 重新利用；再循环 ‎9．scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的 ‎10．absolutely adv. 绝对地；完全地 ‎ which we adapt ourselves to our surroundings.‎ ‎4．These materials can be recycled (重新利用) into other packaging products. ‎ ‎5．I think the answer is right but I'm not absolutely (绝对地) sure about it.‎ 拓 展 单 词 ‎1.frightening adj.吓人的；可怕的→frightened adj.害怕的→frighten vt.使害怕→fright n．害怕；恐惧 ‎2．strength n．力量；力气→strengthen vt.加强→strong adj.强壮的；坚强的 ‎3．concerned adj.关心的；担心的；有关的→concern n．&vt.关心；担心；与……相关→concerning prep.关于；就……而言 ‎4．evidence n ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．The frightening scene frightened the boy. He felt frightened but he tried to hide his fright.(fright)‎ ‎2．David has a strong body. He has the strength to do this hard work. We had better strengthen the relationship with him.(strength)‎ ‎3．The public have shown great concern about the food safety, because it concerns the people's health. It is hoped that the authorities concerned can really do something about the issue concerning the public health.(concern)‎ ‎．根据；证明→evident adj.明显的 ‎5．major adj.主要的；多数的vi.主修→majority n．大多数 ‎6．urgent adj.紧急的→urge vt.催促；极力主张→urgency n．紧急情况 ‎7．pollute vt.污染→pollution n．污染 ‎8．complain vi.抱怨；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨 ‎9．protection n．保护→protect vt.保护 ‎4．Lacking proper protection against cold, we try to make a fire to protect us from the cold night.(protect)‎ ‎5．The teacher urged that the students (should) be taught how to take urgent action in urgency.(urgent)‎ ‎6．One of the major problems is that a majority of the graduates who major in English find it difficult to find a good job.(major)‎ ‎(二)常用短语 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.as_a_result_of　　　　　由于；因为 ‎2．cut_down 砍倒；减少；削减 ‎3．be_caught_in 突然遭遇(风暴等)；被困住 ‎4．one_after_another 一个接一个地 ‎5．have_a_bad_effect_on 对……有坏影响 ‎1.Please look_through your paper before you hand it in to avoid possible mistakes.‎ ‎2．It was several minutes before I could take_in what he was saying.‎ ‎3．The two children were_caught_in the elevator. Luckily, they were saved ten minutes later.‎ ‎4．If they hadn't cut_down the trees, the environment in this area ‎6．take_in 吸收；欺骗；理解 ‎7．in_a_nutshell 简言之；概括地讲 ‎8．look_through 浏览；仔细检查 ‎ wouldn't be so bad now.‎ ‎5．Violent crime in films has_a_bad_effect_on teenagers, so films that are full of the violent crime scene should be banned.‎ ‎(三)经典句式 原句背诵 句式解构 佳句仿写 ‎1.They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.‎ ‎ 沙尘常常弥漫以至于你连太阳都看不见，风力有时强到可以移动沙丘。‎ so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”引导结果状语从句。‎ 那里有很多种动物，以至于我不能相信自己的眼睛。‎ There were so_many_kinds_of_animals_that I couldn't believe my eyes.‎ ‎2.The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see. ‎ 暴风有时持续一整天，车辆开得很慢，因为浓浓的尘埃降低了能见度。‎ make it＋adj./n.＋to do ... 结构，it作形式宾语，不定式是真正的宾语。‎ 互联网使得人们可以更容易地获取他们所需要的信息。‎ The Internet makes_it_easier_for_people_to_get the information they want.‎ ‎3.The garbage is then taken away and, if possible, recycled. ‎ if possible“如果可能的话”。‎ 然后垃圾将被运走，如果可能的话，予以回收利用。‎ 如果可能的话，我出差去上海时会探望我叔叔。‎ If_possible,_I will visit my uncle when I go to Shanghai on business.‎ ‎(四)初中考点再回顾 高频考查类——记熟 文化差异类——辨清 易忘易错类——勤览 ‎1.go on vacation　　　　　在度假 ‎2.grow fruits and vegetables 种植水果和蔬菜 ‎3.hang out 闲逛 ‎4.have a surprise party举行一个惊喜派对 ‎5.have conversation with friends与朋友对话 ‎1.take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 ‎2.stay out　　　　不在家 ‎3.help out 帮助完成某事 ‎4.get into a fight 争吵 ‎5.on the phone 在打电话中 ‎1.become good students 成为优秀学生 ‎2.learning habits 学习习惯 ‎3.cartoon characters 卡通人物 ‎4.wooden chopsticks 木质筷子 ‎5.It is fun to do ...做……是有趣的 一、过重点单词—— ‎1．strength n．力量；力气；长处；优势；强度 ‎[教材原句]　The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing, but the strength of the storm sometimes surprises people.‎ 中国中央气象台能够在沙尘暴到达北京前几周预测到，但是有时沙尘暴的强度还是令人吃惊。‎ ‎(1)have the strength to do sth.　　 有力量/意志做某事 build up one's strength 增强体力；强身健体 strengths and weaknesses 优势和劣势 with all one's strength 用全力 ‎(2)strengthen vt. 加强； 巩固 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen (strength) new memories.(2017·北京高考)‎ ‎②Summer makes me full of energy and I feel I have the strength to_do (do) the most difficult thing in my life.(2016·四川高考书面表达)‎ ‎③The driver bore down with all his strength to control the car when the wheel slipped.‎ 补全句子 ‎④You'd better take into account your own strengths_and_weaknesses before choosing a major.‎ 在选择专业前，你最好考虑到你的优势和劣势。‎ ‎⑤It is shown by the research that there are many ways that can help us build_up_our_strength.‎ 通过研究表明，有很多方式可以帮助我们强身健体。‎ ‎2．concerned adj.关心的；担心的；有关的 ‎[教材原句]　I can't help but feel very concerned.‎ 我禁不住感到很担心。‎ ‎(1)be concerned with ...　　　 与……有关；涉及 be concerned about/for ... 关心/担心……‎ be concerned in ... 被牵扯进……‎ be concerned that ... 担心……‎ as far as ... be concerned 就……而言/来说 ‎(2)concern n．& vt. 关心；担心；与……相关 show/express one's concern about/for ‎ 对……表示关心/担心 ‎(3)concerning prep. 关于；就……而言 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①However, I think we should show more concern for/about our friends.‎ ‎②Everyone concerned (concern) in the incident was questioned by the police.‎ ‎③I am writing to see if it is possible for you to provide me with information concerning (concern) the club.‎ 补全句子 ‎④As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_I am completely in favor of the policy.‎ 就我而言，我完全支持这项政策。‎ ‎[名师指津]　concerned作形容词时，意为“关心的；挂念的；担心的”，充当前置定语；表示“相关的；有关的”，作定语时要后置。例如：a concerned look“关心的神色”；the authorities concerned“有关部门”。‎ ‎3．urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的 ‎[教材原句]　What is the most urgent problem of all?‎ 最要紧的事是什么？‎ ‎(1)in urgent need of　 急需 ‎(2)urge vt. 催促；极力主张；强烈要求 n. 冲动；强烈的愿望；迫切的要求 urge sb. to do sth./into doing sth. 力劝/敦促某人做某事 urge that ... 强烈要求；极力主张[从句谓语动词用(should＋)动词原形]‎ ‎(3)urgency n. 紧急；紧急情况 urgently adv. 急需地；迫切地 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Parents should actively urge their children to_take (take) advantage of the opportunity to join sports teams.(2016·江苏高考单选)‎ ‎②It's of great urgency (urge) that we need to make the relative laws with the rapid growth of online shopping.‎ 补全句子 ‎③The people in the earthquakestricken area are in_urgent_need_of food, medicine and shelters.‎ 地震灾区的人们急需食品、药品和住的地方。‎ 句型转换 ‎④Our teacher urges us to study hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.‎ ‎→Our teacher urges that we (should)_study_hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.‎ ‎4．complain vi.抱怨；发牢骚；投诉 ‎[教材原句]　He does nothing but complain.‎ 他除了抱怨什么都不做。‎ ‎(1)complain (to sb.) of/about (doing) sth.(向某人)投诉/抱怨(做)某事；(向某人)发牢骚 complain (to sb.) that ...　　 (向某人)抱怨……‎ ‎(2)complaint n. 抱怨；投诉；控告 make a complaint about/of sth. 抱怨/投诉某事 make a complaint to sb. 向某人抱怨/投诉 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①She often complains about/of not feeling appreciated at work.‎ ‎②Several passengers complained to the air company about the bad service on the flight.‎ ‎③If you wish to make a complaint (complain) about that, you should see the manager.‎ 句型转换 ‎④They complained about the low wages.‎ ‎→They made_a_complaint_about/of the low wages.‎ ‎→They complained_that the wages were too low.‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．He asked several questions concerning (concern) the future of the company.‎ ‎2．The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly atmosphere.‎ ‎3．After three hours' walk in the sun, I didn't have the strength to_walk (walk) any further.‎ ‎4．The shady trees provide protection (protect) against burning rays ‎ of the sun.‎ ‎5．The film is now in the process of moving the main equipment to a new place.‎ ‎6．People urge that food and clothing (should)_be_sent (send) to the sufferers.‎ ‎7．There is convincing evidence that_ listening to loud music can do great harm to our hearing.‎ ‎8．I am writing to make a complaint (complain) about the mobile phone which I bought from your company.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．It's frightened to think how easily children can be hurt.frightened→frightening ‎2．Tom came up with a good idea to deal with the polluting water.polluting→polluted ‎3．Our government is determined to solve those problems that farmers are most concerned.concerned后加about/for ‎4．He did nothing but complaining to me about the food and the service of the restaurant.complaining→complain ‎5．Mike is a student at Howard University, majored in physics for a degree in Natural Science.majored→majoring Ⅲ.根据提示词补全句子/一句多译 ‎1．作为一名教练，他知道自己的队员与对手相比有什么优势和劣势。(strength)‎ As a coach, he knows what strengths_and_weaknesses his athletes have against their rivals.‎ ‎2．在中国，每年有许多毕业生出国深造。(mass)‎ In China, masses_of_graduates go abroad to have a further study every year.‎ ‎3．首先，就我而言，我已经为考试做好了准备。(concerned)‎ To begin with, as_far_as_I_am_concerned,_I have made preparations for the examination.‎ ‎4．人们向我抱怨得不到足够的信息。‎ ‎①People complain_to_me_that they don't get enough information. (complain)‎ ‎②People complain_to_me_about_not_getting enough information. (complain)‎ ‎③People make_a_complaint_to_me_that they don't get enough information.(complaint)‎ ‎5．为演讲做准备，我强烈要求你们多阅读。‎ ‎①In preparation for lectures, I_urge_you_to_do_more_reading.(urge sb. to do)‎ ‎②In preparation for lectures, I_urge_you_into_doing_more_reading.(urge sb. into doing)‎ ‎③In preparation for lectures, I_urge_that_you_should_do_more_reading.(urge that)‎ 二、过短语、句式—— ‎1．cut down砍倒；削减；缩小(尺寸、数量)‎ ‎[教材原句]　Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.‎ 人们砍伐树木和铲除草地也会导致沙漠的形成。‎ cut down on　　　　　　 削减……的数量 cut in 插话；插进；让某人分享利润 cut off 切断；中断；隔绝 cut out 切下；删除 cut up 切碎；齐根切掉 选用上述短语填空 ‎①When their children lived far away from them, these old people felt cut_off from the world.(2016·浙江高考单选)‎ ‎②The community college has to cut_down_on staff so as to save money.‎ ‎③It is impolite for children to cut_in when their seniors are talking.‎ ‎④Many big trees along the road have been cut_down for building houses, many of the branches of which have been cut_up for firewood.‎ ‎2．take in 吸收；收留；包括；理解；领会；欺骗；改小 ‎[教材原句]　Trees take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen.‎ 树木吸收二氧化碳并释放氧气。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中take in的含义 ‎①This is the total cost of the holiday, taking everything in.包括 ‎②This dress needs to be taken in at the waist.改小 ‎③He was homeless, so we took him in.收留 ‎④It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying.理解；领会 ‎⑤Don't be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.欺骗 ‎⑥The more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.(2016·四川高考)吸收 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ take away　　　　　 拿走 take back 取回；收回 take down 取下来；拆掉；记下 take on 雇用；呈现 take over 接管；占领 take up 占据(时间、空间)；开始做；从事 选用上述短语填空 ‎⑦It's reported that he will take_over the company next year.‎ ‎⑧Learning English takes_up a lot of my time, but I think it's all worth it.‎ ‎3．look through 浏览；仔细检查 ‎[教材原句]　Look through the reading passages and activities in this module.‎ 浏览本模块中的阅读短文和活动内容。‎ look around　　　　　　 环视；四下张望 look back (on) 回顾；回想 look down on/upon 看不起；轻视 look into 调查；深入了解；观察 look out 当心；注意 look up 抬头看；查找；查出；查阅 look up to 尊敬；敬仰 选用上述短语填空 ‎①I like to look_back_on my high school days, which were the happiest time in my life.‎ ‎②I looked_up the meaning of the word in my dictionary. ‎ ‎③Mr. Smith has taught for many years, and all the students look_up_to him.‎ ‎④Just because they make more money than I do, they seem to look_down_on/upon me.‎ ‎⑤The authorities will look_into the case further before they can come to a conclusion.‎ ‎4．so ... that ...引导结果状语从句 They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.‎ 沙尘常常弥漫以至于你连太阳都看不见，风力有时强到可以移动沙丘。‎ so/such ... that引导结果状语从句时，意为“如此……以至于……”。‎ ‎(1)so ...that ...句型的基本结构：‎ ‎(2)such ...that ...句型的基本结构：‎ ‎①Keeping a learning diary every day is so_important_that I would like to introduce it to you.‎ 每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，以至于我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。‎ ‎②There were so_many_books_in_the_shop_that he didn't know which to buy.‎ 书店里那么多书，以至于他不知道该买哪些。‎ ‎③Dalian is such an attractive place that lots of tourists visit the city every year.‎ ‎＝Dalian is so_attractive_a_place_that lots of tourists visit the city every year.‎ 大连是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客来观光旅游。‎ ‎[名师指津]　当so＋形容词/副词及such ...放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。‎ ‎④So excited_was_I that I couldn't wait to try my hand at riding the bicycle.‎ 我非常兴奋，迫不及待地想尝试骑自行车。‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 ‎1．My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has cut_down.‎ ‎2．Some false advertisements are taking the countryside women as their targets, because they are easy to take_in.‎ ‎3．The flowers give_out a sweet smell, which makes us relaxed.‎ ‎4．The door was so narrow that we had to enter the room one_after_another.‎ ‎5．Unemployment is rising; prices are increasing. In_a_nutshell,_the economy is in trouble.‎ Ⅱ.根据提示词补全句子 ‎1．微信使人们与他人保持联系更容易了。(make it＋adj.＋to do)‎ WeChat makes_it_easier_for_people_to_keep_in_touch with others.‎ ‎2．昨夜他碰上下雨，全身都湿透了。(be caught in)‎ He was_caught_in_the_rain and got wet through last night.‎ ‎3．他养成了在业余时间看晚报的习惯。(look through)‎ He has formed the habit of looking_through_evening_papers in his ‎ spare time.‎ ‎4．这个问题很难，我们都没解答出来。(so ... that ...)‎ It was so_difficult_a_question_that none of us worked it out.‎ ‎5．作为一名学生，你应该把心思放到学习上。(put ... into ... )‎ As a student, you should put_your_heart_into_study.‎ Ⅲ.根据提示进行句式升级 ‎1．Research shows that grouping by ability affects children in the lowest groups greatly.(effect)‎ ‎→Research shows that grouping by ability has_a_great_effect_on children in the lowest groups.‎ ‎2．If it is possible, I would like to have two copies of it.(if省略句)‎ ‎→If_possible,_I would like to have two copies of it.‎ ‎3．He spoke so loudly that every people in the next room could hear him.(倒装)‎ ‎→So loudly did_he_speak_that every people in the next room could hear him.‎ 三、过语法、写作—— ‎(一)单元小语法 ‎　　——动词不定式和but＋不定式 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Your son is old enough to_support (support) himself by doing a parttime job.‎ ‎2．It's silly of you to_have_left (leave) your bike outside unlocked.‎ ‎3．Are you going to attend the opening ceremony to_be_held(hold) next weekend?‎ ‎4．He had no choice but to_accept (accept) the poorly paid job.‎ ‎5．I'd rather read than watch television; the programs seem to_be_getting (get) worse all the time.‎ Ⅱ.补全句子 ‎1．如果你打算去美国学习，除了提高英语水平外别无选择。‎ If you decided to study in America, you have_no_choice_but_to_improve your English greatly.‎ ‎2．孩子们刚才还在这里，但几分钟之后就不见人了。‎ The children were here just now, but they were nowhere_to_be_seen several minutes later.‎ ‎3．据报道一辆满载乘客的公共汽车在市南的一条公路上失去了控制。‎ A bus full of passengers was reported to_have_gone_out_of_control on a highway south of the city.‎ ‎4．他在这样一个雨夜一路走来，主要是为了确保一切都正常运行。‎ He came all the way on such a rainy night, mainly to_make_sure that everything was going on right.‎ ‎(二)课堂微写作 ‎　　 练补写——让行文更条理 ‎[题目要求]‎ 假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Mike来信询问你的家乡是否有雾霾天气，情况如何。请你给他回一封100词左右的email。‎ ‎[补写提示]　请按提示线索补写下列习作中的中间段落。 ‎ Dear Mike，‎ I'm glad to receive your letter, and thank you for your caring for the weather and my health. Now I'd like to tell you something about the haze.‎ 自去年年底以来发生数次雾霾天气，造成很多危害→交通事故时有发生→很多市民不得不去看医生 我们必须行动起来保护环境→就个人而言，骑自行车、步行、不乱丢垃圾→希望对方提出好的主意 Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎[答案示例]‎ Dear Mike，‎ I'm glad to receive your letter, and thank you for your caring for the weather and my health. Now I'd like to tell you something about the haze.‎ Since_the_end_of_last_year,_the_hazy_weather_has_occurred_a_lot_in_my_hometown,_which_has_done_great_harm_to_our_daily_life._Many_traffic_accidents_happened_just_because_of_the_heavy_smog._Besides,_more_and_more_citizens_have_to_go_to_see_the_doctor_due_to_the_serious_diseases_caused_by_the_haze._‎ In_my_opinion,_it's_high_time_that_we_took_action_to_protect_the_environment._As_for_me,_I_will_go_to_school_by_bike_or_on_foot,_and_I_won't_throw_the_waste_anywhere._Would_you_like_to_tell_me_some_good_ideas?_‎ Looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Golden Gate Bridge Located in San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County.It was finally thrown open to public in 1937.It cost more than$35 million in the construction.Till the year 1957, the Golden Gate Bridge, at a length of 2,737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world.‎ Brooklyn Bridge The Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn.It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States, opened in the year 1883.The length of the bridge is 1,825 meters.The bridge has been featured in several Hollywood movies.‎ George Washington Bridge Also known as the Hudson River Bridge, the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years.It is a twolevel suspension bridge.‎ Mackinac Bridge This is the third biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8,038 meters.The architect of this bridge was Dr.David B．Steinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954 and opened to the public in 1957.People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.‎ Navajo Bridge Located in Arizona, this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is ‎ almost 250 meters long.The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927, ending two years later, costing $390,000.In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995.The first bridge is still used by pedestrians now.‎ ‎1．What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?‎ A．It consists of two bridges.‎ B．It costs the least of the five bridges.‎ C．It is the longest suspension bridge in the world.‎ D．It takes about 4 years to complete the construction.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 ... thrown open to public in 1937”可推知，金门大桥的建筑时间约有四年，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．Which of the following bridges was built the earliest?‎ A．Golden Gate Bridge.‎ B．Brooklyn Bridge.‎ C．George Washington Bridge.‎ D．Navajo Bridge.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由题干关键词“was built the earliest”定位到每座大桥的建筑时间；根据文中各座大桥的建筑时间可知，布鲁克林大桥是最古老的大桥，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge?‎ A．Have to pay some money.‎ B．Use the second bridge.‎ C．Cover nearly 250 meters.‎ D．See the statue of Dr.David B．Steinman.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.”可知，使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取一定量的钱，故A项正确。‎ B ‎(2018·广东省七校联合体联考)Driving on up to Yosemite with my family was exciting but nerveracking (令人十分紧张的). I had never been to such an amazing national park before, yet I wasn't the most athletic person so I knew that I couldn't stick through all the hiking up and down. It actually ended up being a fun and adventurous experience.‎ The ride there was definitely long but worth it. As I woke up from my nap, I saw the beautiful scenery of the tall mountains and beautiful streams. The trails were made nicely for visitors. The waterfalls were breathtaking. Climbing up rocks was one of my favorite parts. Even though I fell a couple of times, I still had a lot of fun. The fact that my family and I spent so much time together all trying to find out which route to take and what views to watch really brought us closer together.‎ The great thing about nature is that, it's just you, the views, and the people around you. There's nothing to bother you and it's the best way to relax and enjoy yourself. Yosemite has 5 of the world's highest waterfalls, and about 300 lakes. The structure of each mountain is incredible; it's formed in ways that almost take your breath away. Some of them are of a deep dark color with waterfalls forming; some are formed with spots of green peeking (窥探) out. It's definitely something you wouldn't want to miss.‎ Yosemite isn't the only great national park but based on my ‎ experience I highly recommend going out and enjoying nature with family and friends. It's a great time to bond, laugh, and take in what Mother Nature offers.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己和家人一起游览美国的约塞米蒂国家公园的经历，建议人们多去户外亲近大自然。‎ ‎4．The author writes the first paragraph mainly to ________.‎ A．introduce the topic of this passage B．offer an example to us C．tell us his future plan for hiking D．describe a national park 解析：选A　写作意图题。通读全文尤其是第一段的第一句可知，文章主要介绍了作者和家人去约塞米蒂国家公园游玩的经历；据此可以判断，第一段旨在引出文章主题，故A项正确。‎ ‎5．While climbing up rocks, the author was ________.‎ A．nerveracking　　　　　 B．injured C．pleased D．worried 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Climbing up rocks was one of my favorite parts. Even though I fell a couple of times, I still had a lot of fun.”可知，攀岩是作者最喜欢的项目，作者从中体会到了许多乐趣。C项意为“高兴的”，符合语境，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．According to the passage, Yosemite ________.‎ A．is crowded with visitors every day B．is the only great national park C．is worth travelling to D．is nothing but a common destination 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“It actually ended ‎ up being a fun and adventurous experience.”和第二段的第一句以及最后一段的内容可知，去约塞米蒂国家公园是一次快乐而冒险的经历；据此可知，约塞米蒂国家公园值得一游。‎ ‎7．The author suggests ________.‎ A．keeping a good bond with other people B．visiting Yosemite now and then C．trying to protect the environment D．going out to enjoy the beauty of nature 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I highly recommend going out and enjoying nature with family and friends”可知，作者建议我们到外面去欣赏大自然的风光，故D项正确。‎ C Most of the sandstorms that had swept China last year came from foreign land, a Chinese official in charge of desertification (荒漠化) control said on Monday. And the invasions (入侵) could partly explain the frequent sandstorms in the country in recent years despite its achievements in desertification control.‎ Since the start of last spring, the north and northwestern Chinese regions had been hit by 17 sandstorms, of which, a dozen came from foreign land. ‎ Situated in the centralAsia sandstorm region, one of the world's four largest sandstorm sources, China also suffers from sandstorms from outside the country while being blamed as a sand source to northeast Asia. The other three major sources are in Africa, North America and Australia.‎ The land suffering from desertification has been decreasing by 7,585 square kilometres annually in China, and the area of sandy land has also been falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year.‎ The shrinkage (收缩) forms a clear contrast to the fact that the land suffering from desertification and sandy feature was added by 10,400 square kilometres and 3,436 square kilometres late last century, respectively. ‎ Currently, the desertification land in China makes up 2.64 million square kilometres, accounting for 27.46 percent of the nation's land, and its sandy land totals 1.74 million square kilometres, accounting for 18.1 percent of the country's total. ‎ 语篇解读：近年来中国遭受严重的风沙袭击，而中国也被认为是风沙的来源之一，经过努力中国在治沙方面取得显著的效果。‎ ‎8．What does the underlined word “decreasing” mean in Paragraph 4?‎ A．Going down. B．Going up.‎ C．Coming from. D．Taking up.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第四段最后的“has also been falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year”可知，该词的意思是“减少”，与“falling”的意思接近，故选A项。‎ ‎9．Where do most of the sandstorms in China come from?‎ A．The northwestern Chinese regions.‎ B．The northern Chinese regions.‎ C．The western part of China.‎ D．Foreign countries.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段提到“Most of the sandstorms that had ... control said on Monday.”去年袭击中国的沙尘暴来自外国，故选D项。‎ ‎10．Which of the following is believed to be the sand source to northeast Asia?‎ A．Mongolia. B．Africa.‎ C．China. D．Australia.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段“China also suffers from sandstorms ... sand source to northeast Asia”可知中国被认为是东北亚风沙的来源地，故选C项。‎ ‎11．What can we infer from this passage?‎ A．The land in China suffering from desertification has been increasing greatly.‎ B．China has made achievements in its own desertification control.‎ C．The desertification land makes up nearly half of China's territory.‎ D．Little progress has been made in controlling desertification in China.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段提到“The land suffering from ... falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year.”遭受风沙袭击的土地每年减少7 585平方公里，沙地的区域每年减少了1 284平方公里，故可知控制沙漠化取得了成效，故选B项。‎ D The more I have thought about what I believe now, the more certain I have become that it is what I have been taught to believe in my boyhood and university.‎ I have been blessed with great teachers. The first and greatest of them were my mother and father. As black people of quite modest means in an often hostile (怀敌意的) environment in Georgia, they suffered a lot because their skins were of such color. Through saving and hard work, they had provided for us children a modest but spotless and attractive home. Neither envy nor hostility of others ever caused them to change ‎ their ethical behavior they had established for themselves and their children.‎ The second body of teachers were the idealistic, courageous men and women who had given up better and safer jobs in the North to teach in southern schools like Atlanta University, from which my five sisters, my brother, and I graduated. Both my parents and they were devoted to the principle that compromise is not only evil, but in the long run does not pay.‎ A second article of faith which I believe in is that love of one's fellow human beings can conquer whatever barriers he faces. In travelling, I have seen again and again what misery and degradation (堕落) of the human spirit hate has brought to mankind. Its damaging effect has been so horrible, which convinces me that the codes of behavior given us by Gandhi offer the only hope of our survival.‎ Therefore, I believe that no human being should ever be judged on the basis of race, sex, religion, economic status, or place of birth. To measure any man, or to accept or reject him as friend by any other standard than his individual worth, is to deny oneself the vast benefits which come from knowing fellow human beings as fellow human beings.‎ Finally, I believe it is necessary that we recapture (拿回) that passion for human equality and justice, which inspired the early American settlers to create a world of moral behaviors to replace uncivilized ones.‎ 语篇解读：作者认为他所坚信的信念受益于自己的父母和大学教师，这些信念包括坚韧、平等的爱和公平与正义。‎ ‎12．What can we know about the author's childhood?‎ A．He grew up in a violent environment.‎ B．He lived a hard life in his childhood.‎ C．His family had to suffer from color prejudice in Georgia.‎ D．His hometown is a place where black people were cruelly treated.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they suffered a lot because their skins were of such color”可知，在佐治亚州他们不得不面对周围人们对有色人种的歧视态度。‎ ‎13．Which of the following words can best describe the author's parents?‎ A．Modest and stubborn.‎ B．Struggling and firm.‎ C．Idealistic and courageous.‎ D．Saving and overcautious.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者的父母勤俭节约，工作刻苦，同时又坚信自己的道德信条，别人的嫉妒和敌视都无法改变他们，因此刻苦和坚强两个特征符合作者父母的品性。‎ ‎14．Why does the author mention Gandhi in Paragraph 4?‎ A．To show his admiration to Gandhi.‎ B．To remind people of memorizing this great man.‎ C．To show us the importance of having the right belief.‎ D．To show the necessity of removing the cause of war.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段的“the codes of behavior given us by Gandhi offer the only hope of our survival”可知，作者认为甘地给予我们的行为准则才是我们唯一生存下去的希望，是重要而正确的。‎ ‎15．What does the last but one paragraph mainly tell us?‎ A．Universal standard does exist.‎ B．Not all individuals can benefit us.‎ C．Humans are born with good nature.‎ D．Individuals should be treated equally.‎ 解析：选D　段落大意题。在倒数第二段中，作者认为外在的自然和社会特征不是评判一个人的标准，以任何个人价值以外的标准对一个人进行评判都会让我们无法获益，总而言之，我们应该把人当人看，即公平对待每一个人。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Do you still remember the haze in the winter? So many people got terribly ill during or after the haze. __1__ Here is advice for you to protect yourself in hazy weather.‎ Spend less time outdoors.‎ This is the most effective way for selfprotection in such bad weather. With PM 2.5 increasing 103 mg per cubic meter, residents will risk a 2.29% increase of death, which experts found out in 2012. If you have to get out, avoid riding bicycles. __2__‎ Close your windows.‎ Experts advise residents to avoid opening windows at home; if you have to, avoid the time when smog is at its thickest. __3__ Besides, you can keep plants with broad leaves at home to reduce levels of dust, and use air purifiers.‎ Smoke less.‎ ‎__4__ In hazy weather, smoking would be even more harmful. Smokers are advised to keep their distance from cigarettes before the weather gets better.‎ ‎__5__‎ For example, wear special masks outside to avoid breathing in PM 2.5. Then take off your coat after getting indoors and keep it away from ‎ your other clean clothes. Don't forget to wash your face, rinse your mouth, and clean your nasal cavity (鼻腔) to clean the particulate matters (颗粒物) that fall on you. Last but not least, keep off stimulating foods.‎ A．Wear masks.‎ B．Pay attention to other daily things.‎ C．Also avoid rush hours, when pollutants will be thicker.‎ D．That's because haze does harm to the health of people.‎ E．Cigarettes could cause more particulate matters, which are included in PM 2.5.‎ F．Take more fruits and vegetables instead, which are good for the lung, spleen and kidney.‎ G．For residents who use air conditioners, make sure your apartment has enough oxygen indoors.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。冬季的雾霾非常可怕，那么我们如何远离雾霾来保护自己呢？‎ ‎1．选D　根据上文中的“So many people got terribly ill during or after the haze.”可知，很多人因雾霾得了重病，那么接下来就会交代得病的原因，因此选D项“那是因为雾霾对人们的健康有害”。‎ ‎2．选C　空格前提到“avoid riding bicycles”，而C项中提到“Also avoid”，此题可用同词复现的方法解题。因此选择C项。‎ ‎3．选G　根据本段的小标题可知，本段应该讲如何保持良好的室内空气条件，因此只能选择G项，而且前文提到关窗了，因此用空调的人应该确保室内有充足的氧气。‎ ‎4．选E　本段小标题“Smoke less”中的“Smoke”与E项中的“Cigarettes”相对应，空格前提出要少吸烟，接下来交代其原因，故选E项。‎ ‎5．选B　根据上下文可推知本题要选小标题。本段出现了“wear special masks”“take off your coat”“wash your face”等，都是日常所做的事情，因此本段小标题应选B项“注意其他日常的事情”。‎