【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十七（18页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十七（18页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文类型模拟试题10篇训练之二十七 ‎[一]‎ Our days on Earth are numbered，according to Professor Stephen Hawking.‎ The worldfamous physicist has previously issued warnings to the world that robots could wipe out mankind and that leaving Earth is our only hope.‎ ‎“I believe that life on Earth is at an everincreasing risk of being wiped out by a disaster，such as a sudden nuclear war，a genetically engineered virus，or catastrophic global warming，” he said.“I think the human race has no future if it doesn’t go to space.”‎ Hawking said that increasingly，most of the threats mankind faces come from progress in technology.“We are not going to stop making progress，or reverse it，so we must recognize the dangers and control them.”‎ To get away from these threats，humankind will have to colonize other planets，which Hawking believes will take more than a century.“We will not establish selfsustaining colonies in space for at least the next hundred years，so we have to be very careful in this period，” Hawking said.‎ Research regarding sending humans into space remains strong.‎ In September the US Senate introduced a bill that authorizes a new 19.5 billion (￡15 billion) budget for NASA to send a crew to the red planet，but commanded it must happen within the next 25 years.‎ Professor Hawking has also previously singled out the risk of artificial intelligence (AI) becoming powerful enough to cause the downfall of mankind.‎ In July，Professor Hawking and Tesla founder Elon Musk led 1,000 robotics experts in an open letter warning that “weapons entirely powered by AI will become the Kalashnikovs of tomorrow”．‎ ‎“The probable lifespan of human civilization is much greater if we’re a multiplanet species as opposed to a singleplanet species，” Elon Musk said last year.‎ His company SpaceX is working to send humans to space.In September，the firm test fired one of its new Raptor “interplanetary transport engines” which the company will use to carry astronauts to Mars.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。史蒂芬·霍金教授认为人类不向太空发展就会失去未来。‎ ‎58．Which of the following might Professor Hawking NOT agree with?‎ A．The human race has no way out but to stop progress in technology.‎ B．It will take at least one century to colonize a planet.‎ C．Artificial intelligence will bring disasters to the human race.‎ D．Mankind is facing many dangers caused by technological progress.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“We are not going to stop making progress，or reverse it，so we must recognize the dangers and control them.”可知选A。‎ ‎59．The underlined sentence “Our days on Earth are numbered” in Paragraph 1 implies “ ”．‎ A．we are particular creatures living on Earth B．we can’t live on Earth for much longer C．there are too many days for human existence D．each day has its particular meaning 答案　B 解析　句意理解题。此句意为“我们在地球上的日子不多了”。故选B项“我们不能在地球上生活得更久了”。‎ ‎60．The paragraphs following this passage would probably talk about .‎ A．how to extend human lifespan B．more threats the human race faces C．the risk of artificial intelligence D．SpaceX’s plan to colonize Mars 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“His company SpaceX is working to send humans to space.”可知选D。‎ ‎[二]‎ Do you enjoy reading? Here readers of your age from all over the United States recommend great books for you to read：‎ ‎•My favorite book is Don’t Die, My Love by Lurlene McDaniel. I love all her books, but this was the first one I read and I have to say, it is by far my favorite. It doesn’t end like other books, and I cried while reading.‎ ‎•I think Nancy Drew is great! Nancy is a detective who has many fantastic ideas! I love it because it’s a book from when my grandma was my age, and I can share the fun with her!‎ ‎•I highly recommend Skinny Bones by Barbara Park. It is funny so please add it on your book list. You don’t want to miss out funny stories!‎ ‎•I would suggest Growing Trouble by Judy Blume. It is based on real things that happened to Judy Blume. It is about a girl, Alice, who meets some girls at a new state. They become friends, make a club and meet once a week. They stop after two weeks because they all like a boy in their ‎ class and put him as number one. I think every girl should read this because it is about our growing up.‎ ‎•I read a book called Neela: Victory Song and it was so good that I read it twice! It takes place in India in 1936 and this 12yearold girl named Neela tries to save her father! It has lots of history in it! I also learned a lot about different cultures! The author’s name is Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了适合不同年龄的孩子们阅读的图书。‎ ‎1．According to the reader, Skinny Bones can be described as a________story.‎ A．sad B．history C．funny D．detective C解析：细节理解题。在介绍Skinny Bones这本书的一段文字中连续两次出现了funny(可笑的)。‎ ‎2．From which book can we learn different cultures?‎ A．Skinny Bones. B．Nancy Drew.‎ C．Don’t Die, My Love. D．Neela: Victory Song.‎ D解析：细节理解题。只有在Neela：Victory Song的介绍中出现了different cultures。‎ ‎3．Which is TRUE about Nancy Drew?‎ A．Both the reader and the reader’s grandma love this book.‎ B．It’s based on real things that happened to the author.‎ C．It’s about a 12yearold girl who tries to save her father.‎ D．It doesn’t have a common ending like other books.‎ A解析：细节理解题。在Nancy Drew一书的介绍中，读者介绍了奶奶在他/她这个年龄的时候就读过这本书，所以可推断出他/她与奶奶都喜欢这本书，其他选项都张冠李戴了。‎ ‎4．This passage is mainly written for________．‎ A．parents B．teachers ‎ C．writers D．children D解析：写作意图题。本文共推荐了5本书，而且这5本书的读者大部分是儿童，所以这篇文章主要是为儿童推荐图书。‎ ‎[三]‎ Scientists say a huge percentage of bird species are in danger because their habitats, or homelands, are disappearing.‎ Traditional migration (迁徙) paths take birds through countries that are not protecting the places for birds to stop, rest and feed. The scientists studied the ‎ migration or flight paths of almost 1，500 species. They decided that 91 percent of them passed through dangerous areas.‎ The major danger for migratory birds is development. Buildings and pavements have covered the places where birds stop and feed as they move from one part of the world to another. One of the scientists who worked on the study says “many of these important places have been lost to land_ reclamation owing to urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion”.‎ The problem, according to scientists, is that many of these small birds die along their migration paths because they don’t have a safe place to feed and rest. There is no place to restore their energy for the next part of their journey. Countries in North Africa, Central Asia and those along the coasts of East Asia are having the most difficult time conserving land. The scientists say these countries do not have enough areas that are safe for birds. One species that doesn’t exist now is the Eskimo curlew. “Our world gets poorer every time we lose a species，” one of the scientists says.‎ The researchers say countries need to work together and come up with safe stopping areas for birds that pass through their boundaries. For example, one country might have preserved safe zones for migrating birds. But a neighbor country might not. A bird might die.‎ One scientist who is not connected with the report tells Los Angeles Times that while some habitats are changing, more work can be done to make urban areas safe for birds.‎ He says small changes, like planting more native plants or keeping cats out of the areas birds would be likely to use, could make a big difference.‎ ‎【语篇解读】城市化建设和工农业发展，使得候鸟栖息地遭到严重破坏，这将直接导致大量鸟类物种的消失。‎ ‎32. The disappearance of the bird habitats is mainly caused by________.‎ A. the loss of land and water B. development C. filling seas to grow grain D. the change of climate 答案B[推理判断题。根据第三段中的The major danger for migratory birds is development. Buildings and pavements have covered the places where birds stop and ‎ feed和many of these important places have been lost to land reclamation owing to urban, industrial and agricultural land expansion可知，导致大量鸟类栖息地消失的主要原因是发展，具体表现在城镇、工业和农业用地的扩张。]‎ ‎33. What do the underlined words “land reclamation” in Paragraph 3 mean?‎ A. Making land suitable for farming or building.‎ B. Causing the land quality to get worse.‎ C. The disappearance of good land.‎ D. Abusing the farming land.‎ 答案A[词义猜测题。根据该部分所在位置的前后内容可知，land reclamation意为“土地开垦”，故选项A的表述符合该词义。]‎ ‎34. Many birds die on the way of migration mainly because they________.‎ A. are harmed by humans B. have no safe place to rest and eat C. have to take a long journey D. are killed by other animals 答案B[细节理解题。根据第四段中的The problem, according to scientists, is that many of these small birds die along their migration paths because they don’t have a safe place to feed and rest. There is no place to restore their energy for the next part of their journey可知，迁徙中死去的鸟主要是因为在迁徙途中没有可供休息和进食的安全地点。]‎ ‎35. According to the researchers, how can we protect the migrating birds?‎ A. By keeping fewer cats or dogs.‎ B. By stopping the urban development.‎ C. By preserving the local ecological environments.‎ D. By helping change the birds’ migration paths.‎ 答案C[推理判断题。文章最后三段是说，各国需要合作，为路过的鸟类提供安全的栖息地。各国可以做一些工作，把该国的城镇区域变成鸟类安全的栖息地。结合最后所列举的两项举措我们可推知，要保护好迁徙的鸟类，我们就要保护好地方生态环境。]‎ ‎[四]‎ Now in the world people are living longer. Studies show the average age of the ‎ human population is rising. By the year of 2050, about two billion people will be 60 or even older. And the number of people who are 80 years old or over will reach 395 million.‎ The WHO says the governments must prepare now to deal with an increasingly aging world. As people age, they may develop long－term health problems. These disorders (疾病) may affect their quality of life and create problems for society and health care systems. Caring for an aging population takes both time and money. The responsibility of caring for old people often falls on family members. And this can create difficulties.‎ In 2050 China will be the country with the largest population aged 80 or over with 90 million. India will come in second with 37 million. And the U.S. will be third with 32 million. Other countries with the largest populations of the 80 and older crowd will be Japan, Brazil, Germany, France, Italy, Britain and the Russian Federation.‎ Caring for the elderly in the U.S. lags other English－speaking countries. The U.S.is far behind other English－speaking countries in giving families support for caring for sick and aging family members.‎ In some cultures, it is the family’s responsibility to care for aging family members. So the word “caregiver” does not exist in many cultures.‎ In India, there are so many middle－class Indian people—young people—who have moved to Australia or the U.K. or the U.S. and their parents are still living in India. They just send money back. There’s, I think, an ongoing (持续进行的) discussion in India about what’s really the responsibility of the family. They even don’t know what the word “caregiver” is because it’s just what they do.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是说明文，题材为日常生活类。随着人类寿命的延长，许多国家面临着老龄化的问题。本文阐述了未来一些国家要面临的老龄化问题。‎ ‎25. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about?‎ A. Warnings from the WHO. B. Support from the United Nations.‎ C. Health problems old people face. D. The cost of taking care of the old.‎ 答案A[主旨大意题。本段首句即为本段的主旨句，说明老龄化社会存在的一些问题，而WHO警告各国政府要着手应对老龄化社会中存在的一些问题。]‎ ‎26.Which of the following countries will face the greatest challenge in caring for the elderly?‎ A. The U.S. B. China.‎ C. Japan. D. Germany.‎ 答案B[细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，在未来中国的老年人口最多，所以在照顾老人方面面临着最大的挑战。]‎ ‎27. The underlined word “lags” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.‎ A. takes the lead of B. learns from C. falls behind D. sets an example for 答案C[词义猜测题。根据画线单词语境The U.S.is far behind other English－speaking countries in giving families support for caring for sick and aging family members可知，在照料老年人方面，美国大大落后于其他讲英语的国家。lag相当于fall behind。]‎ ‎28. Who will take care of elderly people in India?‎ A. The government. B. Caregivers.‎ C. The health care center. D. Their children.‎ 答案D[细节理解题。根据文章最后一段They even don’t know what the word “caregiver” is because it’s just what they do可知，在印度，照顾老年人是家庭成员的责任。]‎ ‎[五]‎ The Perth International Arts Festival is the longest running cultural festival in Australia. It runs between February and March every year since its inauguration (揭幕) in 1953 by the University of Western Australia. So don’t miss your chance to become a part of this amazing experience and book your flight to Perth now and we’ll tell you why.‎ During the festival, the sky is darkening to shades of purple from orange and some of the earliest stars are able to be seen. A cool ocean wind plays with your hair ‎ and a murmur (低语声) of a crowd fills the air. How can it be any more perfect to enjoy different performance arts live in this atmosphere? Even in the sunny skies of Perth you can’t miss out on some world－class music, theatre, dance, visual arts and literature. The Perth International Arts Festival or PIAF for short has some of the most attractive productions and it ends up attracting famous people in the field of arts. Past audiences have all been treated to great music and cool jazz tunes during the pleasantly warm summer nights.‎ The PIAF is also well－known for its international writers’ festival. Here you get the chance to feast your inner writer, read amazing pieces, share ideas and debate. A line of first－class authors turn up here to celebrate their writings at this festival.‎ But the best part is of course the direct－to－festival release (发行) of international art films. Directors from all over the world gather around to celebrate the fine art of movie making. Every year the number of introductions increase tenfold (十倍), and the entire community enjoys them through celebration.‎ Along with this there are also plenty of family street theatres and art shows all over the city. It’s as if the city comes to life for the first time during this festival and the art galleries and food stalls (摊位) attract people from all over the world. No matter what age to come in, you can find something to enjoy. We don’t want you to feel left out from all this amazing fun, so plan your visit now.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是说明文，题材为社会文化类。珀斯国际艺术节在每年的2～3月举行，是澳大利亚持续时间最长的节日。人们可以在艺术节上观看电影，欣赏音乐，阅读名著，享受美食。‎ ‎25. What is the weather like when the PIAF is held every year?‎ A. It is too hot for visitors. B. It is cloudy most of the day.‎ C. The weather is pleasant for visitors. D. It rains heavily every day.‎ 答案C[推理判断题。根据第二段中有关天气的描述可知，艺术节期间，天气是非常适宜的。]‎ ‎26. Which of the following can’t you enjoy at the festival?‎ A. Music. B. Literature.‎ C. Food. D. Sports.‎ 答案D[细节理解题。通读全文可知，在艺术节上，我们可以观看电影，欣赏音乐，阅读名著，享受美食，但不能享受体育活动。]‎ ‎27. From the fourth paragraph we can conclude that________.‎ A. film stars enjoy the festival B. film production is increasing fast C. more and more people enjoy films D. the festival is supported by the locals 答案B[推理判断题。根据第四段的描述可知，电影的发展越来越快。]‎ ‎28. What is the author’s purpose of writing this text?‎ A. To share his experiences about the PIAF.‎ B. To introduce the best part of the PIAF to the readers.‎ C. To give some suggestions to the readers on holiday.‎ D. To advise readers to plan their visit immediately.‎ 答案D[推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，作者写作本文的目的是想要建议读者尽早作出计划，参加珀斯国际艺术节。]‎ ‎[六]‎ Contrary to advertisements seen on television, read in magazines, or heard on the radio, spending a lot of money on a gift for a friend or loved one is totally unnecessary. Many people collect photos or mementos (纪念品) from special events, trips, or celebrations throughout their lives, throwing them in a drawer or cardboard box somewhere, intending to sort them out later. It seems, though, that “later” never comes. So, the next time you’re ready to buy a silk scarf or pair of leather gloves for that special someone, consider sorting through that junk drawer filled with mementos and special photos.‎ For example, you can decorate an inexpensive picture frame with colorful buttons for your mother who is interested in sewing, or use tiny machine parts for your workshop－crazed brother. Inserting a special photo of you and that certain someone will create a gift that will be treasured forever. Shadow boxes are a wonderful way to display several objects from a single special event, such as a wedding. Take the original wedding invitation, a dried flower from the table centerpiece, or anything else that you can gather from the wedding, and display them ‎ in the box.‎ When you have many photos and mementos, make a photo album or scrapbook (剪贴簿)for a friend or family member. Today, the options for decorating your book are nearly endless. Entering a scrapbooking store can make your head spin. If this happens to you on your first scrapbooking visit, consider taking an introductory class, which many stores offer. Of course, you will have a much better idea of which scrapbook supplies to buy when the class ends.‎ Pictures or books that can be enjoyed over and over again are one－of－a－kind, original gifts. There is nothing like receiving a gift that comes straight from the heart. Such gifts help people recall happy times and strengthen the bond between the giver and the receiver.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是说明文。作者介绍了如何变废为宝，制作用心的礼物。‎ ‎25. What is the author’s attitude to gift advertisements? ‎ A. Tolerant. B. Doubtful.‎ C. Uncaring. D. Disapproving.‎ 答案D[推理判断题。根据第一段中的Contrary to advertisements...spending a lot of money on a gift for a friend or loved one is totally unnecessary以及下文作者介绍如何动手去做礼物可知，作者对礼物广告持否定态度。]‎ ‎26. According to Paragraph 2, shadow boxes________.‎ A. are more expensive than picture frames B. are usually made of cheap materials C. can be used to show mementos D. can be a precious wedding gift 答案C[细节理解题。根据第二段中的Shadow boxes are a wonderful way to display several objects from a single special event, such as a wedding可知，陈列框可以用来展示纪念品。]‎ ‎27. The introductory class mentioned in Paragraph 3 will help you learn how to________.‎ A. take beautiful pictures B. decorate your scrapbook C. start a scrapbooking store D. write a book on scrapbooking 答案B[细节理解题。根据第三段中的...introductory class...you will have a much better idea of which scrapbook supplies to buy when the class ends可知，入门课将帮助你学会如何装饰剪贴簿。]‎ ‎28. Which would be the best title for the text?‎ A.A gift from the heart B.A special photo album C. The first scrapbooking visit D.The treasured shadow boxes 答案A[标题归纳题。读通全文可知，本文介绍了如何变废为宝，制作用心的礼物。最后一段中的There is nothing like receiving a gift that comes straight from the heart有点题的作用。]‎ ‎[七]‎ Forming an eating routine as a student can be very difficult, which makes keeping a healthy diet even harder. With early mornings, lectures at all times of the day and activities and events in the evening, your daily pattern is left disturbed. As a result, snacking can be very tempting(诱惑人的) for students, sometimes they even don’t sit down for three proper, healthy meals a day.‎ According to a study, students are the most confused about snacking compared with other age groups, with 44 per cent unsure whether it is good or bad for them.92 per cent of students snack alone because they see it as a guilty pleasure, perhaps unsurprisingly when 47 per cent of those snack on chocolate on a regular basis!‎ Carefully planned snacking can be very beneficial to your health, helping you get you your daily portions of fruit and vegetables, keeping your metabolism(新陈代谢) and helping concentration and energy throughout the day.‎ You need to think about what you’re eating. Plan ahead and pick snacks that will offer important nutrients as well as energy, ideally from more than one food group.Make sure you change your snacks around too, because if you get bored with the same mid－afternoon choice, you might be tempted to go out and buy some chocolate!‎ Of course, while healthy food such as fruit, nuts, and biscuits can be an excellent snack, remember to watch how much you have. It is important to keep your parts to ‎ feed the food, as it is just a snack not a main meal. Soft drinks contain too much sugar, and you’ll get a heavy calorie dose from coffee, so you’d better choose fruit juices or good old water. Snacking at last, need no longer be a guilty secret.‎ ‎【语篇解读】孩子吃点心到底好不好？事情总是要一分为二地去看待。但有一条总是正确的，那就是能够给人们提供营养和能量的点心才是合适的点心。‎ ‎25. The underlined word “routine” probably means _______________________.‎ A. line B. time ‎ C. food D. habit 答案D[词义猜测题。根据画线单词后面的which makes keeping a healthy diet even harder可以推测，画线单词的意思应该是“习惯”。故选D。]‎ ‎26. According to the passage, most students snack secretly because ________.‎ A. they doubt if it is good for them B. they think they are doing something wrong C. their parents don’t allow them to eat snacks D. they don’t want to share snacks with others 答案B[细节理解题。根据第二段中的92 per cent of students snack alone because they see it as a guilty pleasure可知，孩子偷偷吃点心是因为他们认为自己的吃点心的行为有一种犯罪感。]‎ ‎27. When you are thirsty and want to have a drink, you had better choose ________.‎ A. soft drinks and fruit juices B. coffee and good old water C. fruit juices or good old water D. coffee and soft drinks 答案C[细节理解题。根据最后一段中的so you’d better choose fruit juices or good old water可知答案。]‎ ‎28. In the writer’s opinion, proper snacks ________.‎ A. can take the place of main meals B. should come from one food group C. can be eaten as much as you like D. must provide nutrients and energy 答案D[推理判断题。根据第三段内容可以推测，合适的点心应该能够给人们提供营养和能量。故D正确。]‎ ‎[八]‎ Nobody likes feeling lonely, and isolation (孤立) isn’t only a psychological problem. Loneliness increases a person’s risk of death by 26 percent, an effect comparable to the health risks posed by obesity.‎ So some researchers are investigating what it is, exactly, that makes lonely people stay lonely. One long－held theory has been that people become socially isolated because of their poor social skills—as they spend more time alone, the few skills they do have start to fail from lack of use. But new research suggests that this is a fundamental misunderstanding of the socially isolated. It’s just that when they’re in situations where they need those skills the most，they choke.‎ Professor Megan L. Knowles and her team tested the social skills of 86 undergraduates, showing them 24 faces on a computer screen and asking them to name the basic human emotion each face was showing：anger, fear, happiness, or sadness. In the end, the lonelier students did worse than the non－lonely students on the emotion－reading task—but only when they were told they were being tested on their social skills. When the lonely were told they were just taking a general knowledge test, they performed better than the non－lonely.‎ So the lonelier people are, the better they are at accurately reading facial expressions and decoding tone of voice. Lonely people may be paying closer attention to emotional cues (暗示) precisely because of their willingness to belong somewhere and form interpersonal connections, which results in technically superior social skills.‎ This presents a fairly new way to think about lonely people. It’s not that they need to improve the basics of social skills, which they’ve likely already shared. Instead, lonely people may need to focus more on getting out of their own heads, so they can actually use the skills they’ve got to form friendships and begin to find a way out of their isolation.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是说明文。一项研究表明孤独的人更擅长解读人的情感。‎ ‎29. According to the traditional point of view, why do lonely people stay lonely?‎ A. They are happy to stay alone.‎ B. They are difficult to get along with.‎ C. They have few chances to practice social skills.‎ D. They are likely to misunderstand others’ opinion.‎ 答案C[细节理解题。由第二段中的One long－held theory...the few skills they do have start to fail from lack of use可知，传统观点认为，孤独的人之所以孤独是因为他们缺少与人交往的机会，导致社会技能退化。]‎ ‎30.Compared to non－lonely people, lonely people________.‎ A. can better control their emotions B. can better express their emotions C. can better read people’s emotions D. can better handle people’s emotions 答案C[推理判断题。由第三段中的实验结果及第四段首句So the lonelier people are, the better they are at accurately reading facial expressions and decoding tone of voice可推断，孤独的人更擅长解读人们的情感。]‎ ‎31. What inspiration may lonely people get from the text?‎ A. Be brave to make friends. B. Show sincerity in friendship.‎ C. Find ways to learn social skills. D. Make good use of your lonely time.‎ 答案A[推理判断题。由最后一段中的lonely people may need to focus more on getting out of their own heads, so they can actually use the skills they’ve got to form friendships...可推断，孤独的人应该勇敢地交友。]‎ ‎[九]‎ Nearly everyone has bad habits. That’s because, try as we might, bad habits are hard to break. On the other side, good habits, such as eating more healthfully or exercising regularly, never seem to stick. As a result, most people throw up their hands and surrender.‎ But now a new book, Better Than Before: Mastering the Habits of Our Everyday Lives by best－selling author Gretchen Rubin, offers some useful solutions.‎ Rubin, who became interested in habits during her research on happiness, which resulted in two popular books, The Happiness Project (2009) and Happier at Home (2012), found that our inability to master unwanted behaviors was a major downer (令人沮丧的因素).So, after guiding millions of readers down the path of true contentedness，Rubin turned her investigative skills toward habits.‎ Her most important find? Change is possible if we do some soul searching and identify how we respond to expectations. And, just about everybody falls into one of four personality categories：Questioners, Obligers, Rebels and Upholders.‎ Rubin believes herself to be a classic Upholder, someone who forms habits relatively easily because she responds well to both other people’s deadlines and her own. As to the other types, Questioners will only form a habit if it makes sense to them; Obligers work hard to meet other people’s expectations but often let themselves down. And Rebels resent (反感) habits.‎ ‎“Think about the habit that you want to form and then think: What’s everything I could do to set myself up for success？” says Rubin. For example, if you want to exercise more and you’re an Obliger, call your friend who lives across the street and meet at 6：30 every morning for a walk.‎ One common pitfall (陷阱), says Rubin, especially when it comes to changing your diet, is lack of clarity (清楚).“You can’t make a habit out of eating more healthfully，” she says. Instead, your habit should be something like: “I’m going to pack a lunch every day and bring it to work instead of eating out.”‎ As for exercise, Rubin recommends a strategy called pairing—coupling two activities, one that you need or want to do and one that you don’t particularly want to do. Rubin, for example, only allows herself to read magazines while on fitness equipment at the gym.‎ ‎【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了改掉坏习惯、培养好习惯的方法。‎ ‎25. What does the underlined word “surrender” in Paragraph 1 mean?‎ A. Catch up. B. Settle down.‎ C. Give up. D. Calm down.‎ 答案C[词义猜测题。由第一段中的bad habits are hard to break...good habits...never seem to stick. As a result，most people throw up their hands可推断，画线词的意思是“放弃，投降”。]‎ ‎26. Why did Rubin start to study habits?‎ A. Bad habits make people unhappy.‎ B. Good habits make people successful.‎ C. She used to suffer from some bad habits.‎ D. Her two books about habits sold quite well.‎ 答案A[推理判断题。由第三段中的Rubin，who became interested in habits during her research on happiness及found that our inability to master unwanted behaviors was a major downer可推断，Rubin之所以开始研究习惯，是因为她在研究快乐的时候发现坏习惯是导致人们不快乐的主要原因。]‎ ‎27. Which kind of people try to meet other people’s expectations instead of theirs?‎ A. Rebels. B. Obligers.‎ C. Upholders. D. Questioners.‎ 答案B[细节理解题。由第五段中的Obligers work hard to meet other people’s expectations but often let themselves down可知。]‎ ‎28. The pairing strategy________.‎ A. can help people have a healthy diet B.is used to make people more efficient C. encourages people to enjoy themselves D. forces people to do something necessary 答案D[推理判断题。由最后一段中的pairing—coupling two activities，one that you need or want to do and one that you don’t particularly want to do及所举例子可推断，这种策略强迫人们做一些自己不喜欢但很必要的事情。]‎ ‎[十]‎ Zebra crossings—the alternating dark and light stripes on the road surface—are meant to remind drivers that pedestrians may be trying to get across. Unfortunately, they are not very effective. A 1998 study done by the Department of Traffic Planning and Engineering at Sweden's Lund University, revealed that three out of four drivers maintained the same speed or even speeded up as they were approaching a crossing. Even worse? Only 5% stopped even when they saw someone trying to get across.‎ Now a motherdaughter team in Ahmedabad, India has come up ‎ with a clever way to get drivers to pay more attention—A 3D zebra crossing with an optical illusion (视错觉)．‎ Artists Saumya Pandya Thakkar and Shakuntala Pandya were asked to paint the crosswalks by IL&FS, an Indian company that manages the highways in Ahmedabad. The corporation was looking for a creative solution to help the city's residents to cross the busy accidentprone (易出事故的) roads safely. Thakkar and Pandya, who had previously seen images of 3D zebra crossings that gave drivers the illusion of logs(原木)of wood on the streets in Taizhou, China, decided to test if a similar way would work in India.‎ Sure enough, in the six months that the 3D crosswalks have been painted across four of the city's most dangerous highways, there have been no accidents reported! The artists say that while it may appear that the zebra crossing could cause the drivers to brake suddenly and endanger the vehicles behind, such is not the case. Because of the way the human eye works, the illusion is only visible from a distance. As they get closer, the painting looks just like any other ordinary zebra crossing. The creators hope that their smart design will become increasingly common throughout India and perhaps even the world. So let's look forward to it.‎ ‎32．What can we learn from the first paragraph?‎ A．Most drivers will slow down at zebra crossings.‎ B．Common zebra crossings don't function well.‎ C．Drivers have to stop when approaching zebra crossings.‎ D．About 95% of the drivers choose to speed up when approaching zebra crossings.‎ ‎33．Why do drivers seeing the 3D zebra crossings slow down?‎ A．Because the drivers consider the safety of pedestrians.‎ B．Because the drivers mistake them for logs of wood on the streets.‎ C．Because the drivers are afraid of being fined for breaking the traffic rules.‎ D．Because the drivers don't want to brake suddenly and endanger the vehicles behind.‎ ‎34．The last paragraph is mainly about ________.‎ A．the theory of the 3D zebra crossings B．the popularity of the 3D zebra crossings C．the shortcoming of the 3D zebra crossings D．the positive effect of the 3D zebra crossings ‎35．What is the author's attitude towards the 3D zebra crossings?‎ A．Cautious. B．Doubtful.‎ C．Approving. D．Disapproving.‎ 答案与解析 本文讲述了印度新研究的3D立体斑马线。‎ ‎32．B细节理解题。根据第一段中Unfortunately, they are not very effective.可知普通的斑马线效果不理想。故选项B正确。‎ ‎33．B细节理解题。根据第三段Thakkar and Pandya, who had previously seen images of 3D zebra crossings that gave drivers the illusion of logs(原木)of wood on the streets in Taizhou一句可知驾驶员把3D斑马线误解为原木，故减速了。故选项B正确。‎ ‎34．D主旨大意题。最后一段主要介绍了3D立体斑马线的效果。故选项D正确。‎ ‎35．C推理判断题。通读最后一段So let's look forward to it.可知作者很认可3D立体斑马线。故选项C正确。‎