2018-2019学年江苏省镇江市高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

2018-2019学年江苏省镇江市高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）

江苏省镇江市2018-2019学年高一上学期期末考试 英语试题 注意：本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。两部分答案都做在答题纸上。总分为150分。考试时间120分钟。‎ 第I卷（选择题共105分）‎ 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话 仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What did the woman do for the man?‎ A. She got him a job. B. She paid for his dinner. C. She looked after his cat.‎ ‎2. What will the man do this Saturday night?‎ A. Attend a concert. B. Go to a movie. C. Watch a game.‎ ‎3. Why will the man return his meal?‎ A. It is too cold. B. There is a hair in it. C. He got the wrong order.‎ ‎4. How much does the plane ticket cost today?‎ A. $500. B. $700. C. $1000.‎ ‎5. What is the conversation mainly about?‎ A, Shoes. B. Birthdays. C. A gym.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7题。‎ ‎6. What is Tom doing?‎ A. Having a meal. B. Shopping in a market. C. Talking with his aunt.‎ ‎7. When will Lily get in a taxi?‎ A. In five minutes. B. In ten minutes. C. In fifteen minutes.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9题。‎ ‎8. How does the woman feel about driving in the city?‎ A. Excited. B. Anxious. C. Calm.‎ ‎9. Where will the speakers park?‎ A. By a music store. B. By a restaurant. C. By a mall.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12题。‎ ‎10. How many people will be in the group?‎ A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.‎ ‎11. Why do the speakers choose to do a performance?‎ A. Everyone else will choose to do one.‎ B. They want to be creative.‎ C. The teacher said they must do one.‎ ‎12. How often will the group meet?‎ A, Once a week. B. Three times a week. C. Four times a week.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16题。‎ ‎13. What type of room will the man stay in?‎ A. The poolside room. B. The ocean view room. C. The garden view room.‎ ‎14. What will the man do while he's waiting?‎ A. Play tennis. B. Sit on the sofas. C. Go for a swim.‎ ‎15. Where will the man go to about two hours?‎ A. To the zoo. B. To the opera. C. To the museum.‎ ‎16. What time does breakfast start?‎ A. At 7:00. B.At 7:30. C. At 8:30.‎ 听下面一段独白：回答第17至第20题。‎ ‎17. What did John Muir write?‎ A. Reports about animals. B. Letters to the government. C. Books about his adventures.‎ ‎18. What was founded by John Muir in 1892?‎ A. Yosemite Valley. B. The Sierra Club. C. Sequoia National Park ‎19. According to the talk, what is 211 miles Song?‎ A. John Muir Way. B. John Muir Road. C. John Muir Trail.‎ ‎20. Which location was John Muir most famous for?‎ A. Nevada. B. Scotland. C. California.‎ 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ 第一节：单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）‎ ‎1.The recent 40 years great changes taking place all over China.‎ A. witnessed B. has witnessed C. had witnessed D. witnesses ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态。句意：近40年来，中国发生了巨大的变化。表示动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，用现在完成时，故选B。‎ ‎2.Is any possibility the majority of the labour force will work at home in the next few decades?‎ A. it; that B. there; whether C. it; whether D. there; that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查同位语从句和there be句型。句意：未来几十年，大多数劳动力有可能在家工作吗?这里是一个there be句型，排除A和C； the majority of the labour force will work at home in the next few decades是一个同位语从句，引导词在从句中不作任何成分，也没有实际意义，用that，故选D。‎ ‎3.Steve gave a look and said he had no idea what I was talking about.‎ A. optimistic B. blank C. outgoing D. tiling ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：Steve茫然地看了我一眼，说他不知道我在说什么。根据he had no idea what I was talking about.可知这里意思是“Steve茫然地看了我一眼”，A. optimistic乐观的；B. blank茫然的；C. outgoing外向的；D. tiling瓷砖，故选B。‎ ‎4.When you're always wanting more and always looking forward to a time you'll be "happy", you'll never be really happy.‎ A. that B. which C. when D. what ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当你总是想要更多，总是期待一个你会“快乐”的时刻，你永远不会真正快乐。 you'll be "happy"是一个定语从句，先行词是a time，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故选C。‎ ‎5.The success of her book has given her high social .‎ A. status B. sculpture C. approval D. figure ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：她的书的成功给了她很高的社会地位。A. status地位；B. sculpture雕塑；C. approval批准；D. figure数字，根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎6.—There's no need to take any food, Mom, I'm so full.‎ ‎—Come on, baby. Take some just .‎ A. in advance B. in view C. in case D. in time ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：——没有必要带任何食物，妈妈，我太饱了。——来吧，宝贝。带一些以防万一。A. in advance提前；B. in view在视野范围内；C. in case万一；D. in time及时，根据题意，故选C。‎ ‎7.China's first self-designed modem bridge reopened to road traffic, we Chinese were so proud when it was built 50 years ago.‎ A. to which B. for which C. in which D. of which ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国第一座自行设计的现代化大桥对道路运输重新开放，50年前它被建造，我们中国人为之自豪。 we Chinese were so proud when it was built 50 years ago.是一个定语从句，先行词是China's first self-designed modem bridge，关系词在从句中作宾语，指物，be proud of以……而骄傲，介词提到关系代词的前面，故选D。‎ ‎8.Since its introduction, the Beidou navigation system（导航系统）has been to everyday life, from shared bikes to farming.‎ A. applied B. advanced C. explored D. supplied ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：自推出以来，北斗导航系统已应用于日常生活，从共享自行车到农业。A. applied应用；B. advanced 前进；C. explored开发；D. supplied供应，根据题意，故选A。‎ ‎9.The requirement of the government is that the citizens not set off fireworks from January 1, 2019 on.‎ A. shall B. should C. can D. may ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：政府的要求是，从2019年1月1日起，市民不得燃放烟花爆竹。当requirement等名词后接表语从句时，从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”的形式来构成虚拟语气，故选B。‎ ‎10. great fame he has won, Kris Wu, a popular Chinese-Canadian singer, is trying to bridge the East and West with his music.‎ A. However B. Whatever C. Whenever D. Wherever ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：无论他赢得了多大的名气，吴亦凡，一个受欢迎的华裔加拿大歌手，正试图用他的音乐连接东西方。A. However然而；B. Whatever无论； C. Whenever无论何时；D. Wherever无论哪里，根据题意，故选B。‎ ‎11.Success always hides behind the next comer in the road, so you will never know how close it lies you turn the comer.‎ A. as B. if C. though D. unless ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连词辨析。句意：成功总是藏在路的另一个拐角处，所以你永远不会知道它离你有多近，除非你转过这个拐角。A. as因为；B. if如果； C. though尽管；D. unless除非，根据题意，故选D。‎ ‎12.If you something such as a story or excuse, you invent it, sometimes in order to cheat people.‎ A. take up B. make up C. look up D. keep up ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果你编造一个故事或借口，你虚构了它，有时是为了欺骗别人。A. take up开始从事；B. make up编造；C. look up查阅；D. keep up保持，根据题意，故选B。‎ ‎13.Jonah was a little worried because he a new job the next day and he wasn't sure whether he would be fit for it.‎ A. have done B. will do C. was to do D. did ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查时态。句意：Jonah有点担心，因为他第二天要做一份新工作，他不确定自己是否能胜任。表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态，用过去将来时，故选C。‎ ‎14.— It was hard work that won Frank the best scores on each test, ?‎ ‎— Yes. When it comes to study, hard work counts.‎ A. was it B. wasn’t it C. did it D. didn’t it ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查反义疑问句。——正是努力地学习，使得Frank每次考试都得最高分，不是吗? ——是的。说到学习，努力学习很重要。反意疑问句由“陈述句+简略疑问句”两部分组成，第一部分提出一种看法，第二部分用来质疑或表示证实。疑问部分与陈述部分的动词时态和动词性质应保持一致，而且肯定和否定形式彼此相反，即陈述部分为肯定式时，疑问部分用否定式，陈述部分为否定式时，疑问部分用肯定式。这里含有一个强调句，强调句型的反意疑问句，后半部分的附加疑问句部分的主语和谓语以及时态要与强调句型本身保持一致，故选B。‎ ‎15.—Would you mind if I closed the door, as it is so cold?‎ ‎—Of course not. .‎ A. My pleasure B. It depends C. With pleasure D. Go ahead ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情景对话。句意：——你介意我把门关上吗？因为太冷了。——当然不，干吧。A. My pleasure别客气；B. It depends看情况而定；C. With pleasure乐意地；D. Go ahead干吧，根据题意，故选D。‎ 第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题15分，满分30分）‎ 请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎"Paige, go down to the office," said my teacher, There was a strange tone（语气）in her ___16___. I was never known to get into trouble, so I knew something was ___17___ . It got even more ___18___ when my teacher said my mom was on the phone. Did something happen to my ___19___? I picked up the phone; I was barely breathing and my hands were ___20___. "Honey, there was a bank robbery today and your dad was ___21___ in the car chase that followed. He is doing okay, but shots were fired at his squad(特别行动小组)."‎ My dad has been a ___22___ for over 25 years. Every day of my life, I have lived with the ___23___ thought that something could happen to him. I have always been ___24___ to my dad, and I do not know what I would do if he was taken away from me, I am so ___25___ of his job, but I must admit it would be ___26___ if he had a normal job. On April 28, my dad got the call to go to a bank robbery. The robbery ___27___ a car chase. My dad was driving fast to ___28___ the robber. Over the radio, a fellow officer was yelling at him ___29___ him the robber was pointing a gun towards his squad. Three shots were fired. My clad narrowly escaped those bullets. All I had to hear was that my dad was involved in a shooting, and I was ___30___ his funeral (葬礼). I thought the day would never end.‎ My mom and I sat at home waiting for my dad to walk through the door. The second he did. I rushed up to him and gave him the biggest ___31___ in the world.‎ Life is about ___32___ it with the ones you love. What is the ___33___ of life if you do not have your friends and family? This experience has taught me a ___34___ . I have learned to live my life to the ___35___ and never to take anyone or anything for granted.‎ ‎16. A. mind B. heart C. voice D. appearance ‎17. A. wrong B. exciting C. boring D. common ‎18. A. encouraging B. confusing C. satisfying D. annoying ‎19. A. school B. class C. family D. committee ‎20. A. waving B. shaking C. suffering D. moving ‎21. A. lost B. held C. involved D. taken ‎22. A. policeman B. coach C. professor D. doctor ‎23. A. anxious B. optimistic C. interesting D. unnecessary ‎24. A. hateful B. close C. cruel D. helpful ‎25. A. tired B. proud C. jealous D. ashamed ‎26. A. harder B. poorer C. easier D. wealthier ‎27. A. gave out B. took away C. came across D. turned into ‎28. A. keep up with B. look up to C. rise up against D. get away from ‎29. A. inspiring B. warning C. comforting D. instructing ‎30. A. describing B. refusing C. holding D. imagining ‎31. A. demand B. hug C. success D. shock ‎32. A. comparing B. sharing C. hiding D. regretting ‎33. A. way B. atmosphere C. fortune D. point ‎34. A. subject B. rate C. lesson D. skill ‎35. A. happiest B. fullest C. longest D. highest ‎【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. B 21. C 22. A 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了作者的父亲是一名警察，在一次飞车追捕抢劫犯的行动中，与死神擦肩而过。这次经历让作者学会了充实地生活，不再把任何人或任何事视为理所当然。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。根据tone 可知这里意思是她的声音里有一种很奇怪的语气。A. mind理智；B. heart心脏；C. voice声音；D. appearance外貌，故选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。根据I was never known to get into trouble可知这里意思是所以我知道出了一些事。 A. wrong失常的；B. exciting令人心奋的；C. boring无聊的；D. common普通的，故选A。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。根据when my teacher said my mom was on the phone.可知这让我更加的困惑。 A. encouraging令人鼓舞的；B. confusing混乱的；C. satisfying令人满意的；D. annoying讨厌的，故选B。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。上文说老师说：我的母亲让我接电话，由此推断出我会猜想是我的家人出事了吗？A. school学校；B. class班级；C. family家人；D. committee委员会，故选C。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。根据I was barely breathing可知我的手在颤动。 A. waving挥动；B. shaking颤动；C. suffering受苦；D. moving移动，故选B。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。根据All I had to hear was that my dad was involved in a shooting可知这里意思是你的父亲参与了汽车追捕。A. lost失去；B. held握住；C. involved参与；D. taken拿，故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。根据Over the radio, a fellow officer was yelling at him ___14___ him the robber was pointing a gun towards his squad. 可推断出我的父亲是一名警察。A. policeman警察； B. coach教练；C. professor教授；D. doctor医生，故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。根据that something could happen to him.可知我每天都有焦虑的想法。A. anxious焦虑的；B. optimistic乐观的；C. interesting有趣的；D. unnecessary不必要的，故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。根据and I do not know what I would do if he was taken away from me可知我和我的父亲很亲密。 A. hateful可恶的；B. close紧密的；C. cruel残忍的；D. helpful有帮助的，故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。根据but I must admit it would be ___11___ if he had a normal job. 可知我为他的工作感到自豪。A. tired疲倦的；B. proud自豪的；C. jealous妒忌的；D. ashamed惭愧的，故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：但我必须承认，如果他有一份正常的工作，事情会容易得多。A. harder更难的；B. poorer更贫穷的；C. easier更容易；D. wealthier更富有，故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：抢劫变成了汽车追逐。A. gave out分发； B. took away带走； C. came ‎ across偶遇；D. turned into变成，故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我爸爸开得很快，以便赶上那个强盗。A. keep up with赶得上； B. look up to尊敬；C. rise up against奋起反抗；D. get away from摆脱，故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。根据the robber was pointing a gun towards his squad. 可知一位警官在警告他。A. inspiring鼓舞；B. warning警告；C. comforting安慰；D. instructing指导，故选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。根据The second he did. I rushed up to him and gave him the biggest ___16___ in the world.可知我在想象他的葬礼。A. describing描述；B. refusing拒绝；C. holding召开；D. imagining想象，故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：我冲向他，给了他世界上最大的拥抱。A. demand要求；B. hug拥抱； C. success成功；D. shock震惊，故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：生活就是与你所爱的人分享它。A. comparing比较；B. sharing分享； C. hiding隐藏；D. regretting后悔，故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：如果你没有朋友和家人，生活还有什么意义? A. way方法；B. atmosphere大气；C. fortune运气；D. point要点，故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。根据I have learned to live my life to the ___20___ and never to take anyone or anything for granted.可知这次经历教给我一个教训。A. subject科目；B. rate比率；C. lesson教训；D. skill技能，故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：我学会了充实地生活，从不把任何人或任何事视为理所当然。A. happiest快乐的；B. fullest最充实的；C. longest最长的；D. highest最高的，故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题5根据I was barely breathing可知我的手在颤动。 A. waving挥动；B. shaking颤动；C. suffering受苦；D. moving移动，故选B。小题7根据Over the radio, a fellow officer was yelling at him ___14___ him the robber was pointing a gun towards his squad.‎ ‎ 可推断出我的父亲是一名警察。A. policeman警察； B. coach教练；C. professor教授；D. doctor医生，故选A。‎ 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。‎ A The best books of the year Fiction | Simon &Schuster $26.‎ Asymmetry By Lisa Halliday The first section, "Folly," is the story of a love affair between a book editor and an elderly novelist. The second section, "Madness" describes an Iraqi-American economist who is being held up at Heathrow airport. In "Asymmetry," two seemingly unrelated sections are connected by a shocking finale.‎ Fiction | Viking. $27.‎ The Great Believers By Rebecca Makkai Set in the Chicago of the mid-80s and Paris at the time of the 2015 terrorist attacks, Makkai's deeply affecting novel uses the AIDS epidemic and a mother's search for her distant daughter to explore the effects of senseless loss and our efforts to overcome it.‎ Nonfiction | Random House $28.‎ Educated By Tara Westover Westover's extraordinary memoir (回忆录)is an act of courage and self-invention. The youngest of seven children, she grew up in Idaho, in a survivalist family lacking even a birth certificate (证明) and did not attend school until she went to college. The reward for her efforts Is a book that shows to a great thirst to learn.‎ Nonfiction | Simon & Schuster $37.50.‎ Frederick Douglass By David W. Blight Douglass wrote three autobiographies (自传）himself, describing his rise from slavery to a role as one of the greatest figures of the 19th century, but Blight's work is fuller than any of those, relating both the public and private life in a way that Douglass either could not or would not undertake.‎ ‎36. Which of the following books are published by the same publishing house?‎ A. Asymmetry & The Great Believers. B. The Great Believers & Educated.‎ C. Educated & Frederick Douglass. D. Asynimetry & Frederick Douglass.‎ ‎37. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?‎ A. There is no connection between the two sections in "Asymmetry".‎ B. "The Great Believers" is set in a poor family in Idaho.‎ C. Westover didn't attend a single day of school before going to the college.‎ D. Blight wrote three autobiographies about both the public and private life.‎ ‎【答案】36. D 37. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章主要介绍了几本今年最好的书。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在Asymmetry部分Fiction | Simon &Schuster $26.和Frederick Douglass部分Nonfiction | Simon & Schuster $37.50.可知Asynimetry 和 Frederick Douglass.是同一家出版社出版的，故选D。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在Educated部分The youngest of seven children, she grew up in Idaho, in a survivalist family lacking even a birth certificate (证明) and did not attend school until she went to college.可知Westover在上大学之前没有上过一天学，故选C。‎ B Summer's here and it won't be long before school-aged kids across America start complaining ‎ that they're tired of riding their bikes, playing at the park, swimming in the pooland all the other awesome activities their parents hoped would keep them pleasant for the next 10 weeks. Well, if it's any comfort, such rapid boredom could suggest that the kids have amazing powers of memory. A new study shows that the better your short-term memory is, the faster you fed sated (过饱的）and decide you've had enough.‎ ‎"Though satiation can be physical, like when you feel full after eating too much, we were interested in the psychological (心理学的）side of satiation. Like when you’re just tired of something," Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box." Something that was interesting to me is that some people get tired of same things at very different speeds. So if you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoying them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot. But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs."‎ The difference, the researchers thought, might have to do with memories of past experiences. For example, studies show that people push away from the dinner table sooner when they're asked to describe in detail what they ate earlier for lunch.‎ So the researchers tested the memory capacity (能力）of college students, The students then viewed a repeating series of three classic paintingslike The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Screamor listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songsor three pieces of classical music. Throughout the test, the students were asked to rate（定等级）their experience from zero to tan. And the better a participant scored in the memory test, the faster they got bored." We found that people with larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, which led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly. So remembering more details actually made the students feel like they'd experienced the music or art more often."‎ The findings suggest that marketers could control our desire for their products by figuring out ways to keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by putting ourselves in the memory of a previous (之前的）snack. As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it—it might help them have more fun.‎ ‎38. According to the new study, kids get tired of some activities quickly because of .‎ A. too many activities B. good short-term memory C. fast satiation D. physical tiredness ‎39. The researchers did a test on college students and found that .‎ A. lower capacities could help them remember more about the music or art B. these students got tired of things at the same speed C. they remembered the three classic paintings better than the songs D. students with larger memory capacity would get bored faster ‎40. The underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refers to .‎ A. the past memory B. the past capacity C. the past boredom D. the past complaints ‎41. What does the passage mainly talk about?‎ A. School-aged kids tend to have good short-term memory in summer.‎ B. Bad short-term memory is more likely to make us lose interest in something easily.‎ C. The quality of your short-term memory affects the speed you feel bored.‎ D. It is important to develop the memory capacity of college students.‎ ‎【答案】38. B 39. D 40. A 41. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇科普类阅读。这篇文章主要讲了短期记忆的质量会影响你感到无聊的速度。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在第一段Well, if it's any comfort, such rapid boredom could suggest that the kids have amazing powers of memory.（好吧，如果这是一种安慰的话，那么这种快速的无聊可能意味着孩子们有惊人的记忆力。）由此可知，根据这项新的研究，由于良好的短期记忆，孩子们很快就会厌倦一些活动，故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在倒数第二段And the better a participant scored in the memory test, the faster they got bored.（参与者在记忆测试中得分越高，他们越容易感到无聊。）由此可知研究人员对大学生进行了一项测试，发现记忆力较强的学生更容易感到无聊，故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 推理判断题。上文We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by putting ourselves in the memory of a previous (之前的）snack.说我们也可以欺骗自己少吃垃圾食品，让自己记住之前吃过的零食。由此可知As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it意思是对于那些容易感到无聊的孩子，只要告诉他们忘掉过去的记忆就行了。"it"的意思是过去的记忆，故选A。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。第一段A new study shows that the better your short-term memory is, the faster you fed sated (过饱的）and decide you've had enough.是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了短期记忆的质量会影响你感到无聊的速度，故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题要求考生在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上，做出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，同学们应严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气等，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。小题3，上文We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by putting ourselves in the memory of a previous (之前的）snack.说我们也可以欺骗自己少吃垃圾食品，让自己记住之前吃过的零食。由此可知As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it意思是对于那些容易感到无聊的孩子，只要告诉他们忘掉过去的记忆就行了。"it"的意思是过去的记忆，故选A。‎ C In the years ahead, AI will raise three big questions for bosses and governments. One is the effect on jobs. Although bosses publicly praise the broad benefits AI will bring very much, their main interest lies in cutting costs. One European bank asked a technology company to find a way of reducing the staff in its operations department from 50,000 to 500. This special report has shown that AI-enhanced tools can help reduce staff in departments such as customer service and human resources by a large amount. The McKinsey Global Institute finds that by 2030 up to 375m people, or 14% of the global workers in companies or countries, could have their jobs automated away. Bosses will need to decide whether they are prepared to offer and pay for retraining, and whether they will give time off for it. Many companies say they are all for workers developing new skills, but not at the employer’s expense.‎ A second important question is how to protect privacy as AI spreads. The Internet has already made it possible to track people's digital（数字的）behaviour in extremely small detail. AT will offer even better tools for businesses to monitor consumers(客户) and workers, both online and in the physical world. Consumers are sometimes happy to go along with this if it results in personalised（个性化的）service. But AI probably brings privacy violations (侵犯) that are seen as shocking and morally unacceptable. In the wrong hands, useful technology could be against fair and equal treatment. Countries with a record of the careful watching of a person place, especially by the police or army and human-rights abuses already using AI to monitor political activity.‎ ‎ The police around the world will use AI to spot criminals, but may also look on ordinary citizens secretly, in order to discover things or find out information about them. New rules will be needed to ensure agreement on what degree of monitoring is acceptable.‎ The third question is about the effect of AI on competition in business. Today many firms are competing to provide AI-enhanced tools to companies. But a technology company that achieves artificial intelligence could race ahead of competitors, put others out of business and lessen competition. This is unlikely to happen in the near future, but if it did it would be of great concern.‎ ‎42. What can we learn from the second paragraph?‎ A. All the daily behavior of people is tracked by the Internet.‎ B. AI is a kind of technology against fair and equal treatment.‎ C. Consumers are happy to be monitored as long as there is suitable service provided.‎ D. AI may be applied in more ways including discovering things about ordinary people.‎ ‎43. What does the underlined word “spot” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A. notice B. prevent C. reduce D. analyze ‎44. Which of the following statements is true according to this passage?‎ A. The staff in a European bank has been sharply reduced by AI technology.‎ B. AI has aroused concern about privacy as it spreads.‎ C. New rules for monitoring have been set.‎ D. Technology companies have achieved major breakthroughs in AI.‎ ‎45. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?‎ A. Big rise in profits B. possible track in digital behaviour C. Sunny with a chance of thunderstorms D. Promising with a concern of privacy protection ‎【答案】42. D 43. A 44. B 45. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章通过说明人工智能的利与弊，暗示人工智能是一把双刃剑，即晴天有雷雨的可能。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在第二段The police around the world will use AI to spot criminals, but may also look on ordinary citizens secretly, in order to discover things or find out information about ‎ them.（世界各地的警察将使用人工智能来发现犯罪分子，但也可能会秘密地监视普通公民，以便发现他们的事情或发现有关他们的信息。）故选D。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。在下句but may also look on ordinary citizens secretly, in order to discover things or find out information about them.中发现关键词look on，spot与look on同义，意思是注意。A. notice注意；B. prevent阻止；C. reduce减少；D. analyze对…进行分析，故选A。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在第二段A second important question is how to protect privacy as AI spreads.可知人工智能的传播引起了人们对隐私的关注，故选B。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文通过说明人工智能的利与弊，暗示人工智能是一把双刃剑，即晴天有雷雨的可能，故选C。‎ D A mother stared down at her son who was dying of terminal leukemia (白血病). Like any parent she wanted her son to grow up and realize all his dreams. She took her son's hand and asked, "Bopsy, did you ever think about what you wanted to be when you grew up?"‎ ‎"Mommy, I always wanted to be a fireman when I grew up."‎ Mom smiled back and said, "Let's see if we can make your wish come true." Later that day she went to her local fire department in Phoenix, Arizona, where she met Fireman Bob. She explained her son's final wish and asked if it might be possible to give her six-year-old son a ride around the block on a fire engine. Fireman Bob said, "Look, we can do better than that. If you'll have your son ready at seven o'clock Wednesday morning, well make him an honorary fireman for the whole day, He can come down to the fire station；, eat with us, go out on all the fire calls, the whole nine yards! And, if you'll give us his sizes, we'll get a real fire uniform made for him."‎ Three days later Fireman Bob picked up Bopsy, dressed him in his fire uniform and escorted（护送）him from his hospital bed to the waiting hook and ladder truck. Bopsy got to sit up on the back of the truck and help steer it back to the fire station. He was in heaven.‎ There were three fire calls in Phoenix that day and Bopsy got to go out on all three calls. He rode in the different fire engines and even the fire chief's car. Having his dream come true, with all the love and attention that was lavished（慷慨给予）upon him, Bopsy lived three months longer than any doctor thought possible.‎ One night all of his vital signs began to drop and the head nurse began to call the family ‎ members to the hospital. Then she remembered the day Bopsy bad spent as a fireman, so she called the fire chief and asked if it would be possible to send a fireman in uniform to the hospital to be with Bopsy as he made his transition. The chief replied, "We can do better than that. We'll be there in five minutes. Will you please do me a favor? When you hear the sirens（警报器）screaming and see the lights flashing, will you announce over the PA system that it's just the fire department coming to see one of its finest members one more time? And will you open the window to his room? Thanks?"‎ About five minutes later a hook and ladder truck arrived at the hospital, extended its ladder up to Bopsy's third floor open window and 14 firemen and two fire-women climbed up the ladder into Bopsy's room. With his mother’s permission, they hugged him and held him and told him how much they loved him. With his dying breath, Bopsy looked up at the fire chief and said, "Chief, am I really a fireman now?"‎ ‎"Bopsy, you are," the chief said. With those words, Bopsy smiled and closed his eyes for the last time.‎ ‎46. Bopsy's mother went to the local fire department and asked if .‎ A. her son could get a fire uniform B. Fireman Bob could make her son a real fireman C. her son could see a fire engine D. they could give her son a ride on a fire engine ‎47. What did Fireman Bob probably mean by saying "the whole nine yards"?‎ A. The fire engine was nine yards long.‎ B. The whole journey that day was very upsetting.‎ C. Bopsy could experience everything as a fireman,‎ D. All the sirens of the fire engines would scream that day.‎ ‎48. According to Paragraph 4 and 5, Bopsy managed to do many things EXCEPT .‎ A. driving the hook and ladder truck B. going out on all the three fire calls that day C. riding in the fire chef's car D. living longer than he was supposed to be ‎49. Why did the head nurse want a fireman in uniform to be sent to the hospital?‎ A. Because Bopsy begged her to do so.‎ B. Because Bopsy saw the firemen as his family members.‎ C. Because she wanted to do something for Bopsy before he died,‎ D. Because she wanted Bopsy to be approved as a real fireman.‎ ‎50. Which of the following statements best shows the theme of the passage?‎ A. Where there is a will, there is a way.‎ B. Sometimes there are miracles because of love.‎ C. Great things may be done by painstaking efforts.‎ D. A mother understands what a child does not say.‎ ‎【答案】46. D 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一个白血病患儿临终愿望是当一天消防员。在各界的努力下，他的愿望得以实现，并且多活了三个月。爱创造了奇迹。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在第三段She explained her son's final wish and asked if it might be possible to give her six-year-old son a ride around the block on a fire engine.（她解释了儿子最后的愿望，并问能否让她六岁的儿子乘坐消防车在街区里兜风。）故选D。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 推理判断题。答案定位在Fireman Bob said, "Look, we can do better than that. If you'll have your son ready at seven o'clock Wednesday morning, well make him an honorary fireman for the whole day, He can come down to the fire station, eat with us, go out on all the fire calls, the whole nine yards! And, if you'll give us his sizes, we'll get a real fire uniform made for him."（消防队员Bob说：“看，我们可以做得更好。如果你能在星期三早上7点为你的儿子做好准备，我们会让他成为一整天的荣誉消防员，他可以到消防局来，和我们一起吃饭，出去接所有的消防电话，一切消防员的相关事情!如果你能告诉我们他的尺寸，我们就能给他做一套真正的消防制服。”）由此可知"the whole nine yards"意思是Bopsy可以作为一名消防员体验一切，故选C。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据There were three fire calls in Phoenix that day and Bopsy got to go out on all three calls.排除B；根据He rode in the different fire engines and even the fire chief's car.排除C；根据Bopsy lived three months longer than any doctor thought possible.排除D，故选A。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据Then she remembered the day Bopsy bad spent as a fireman, so she called the fire chief and asked if it would be possible to send a fireman in uniform to the hospital to be with ‎ Bopsy as he made his transition.（然后她想起了Bopsy当消防员的那一天，于是她打电话给消防队长，问他是否可以派一名穿制服的消防员去医院，陪伴Bopsy最后的时光。）由此推断出护士长把一个穿制服的消防员送到医院是因为她想在Bopsy死前为他做点什么，故选C。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。Having his dream come true, with all the love and attention that was lavished（慷慨给予）upon him, Bopsy lived three months longer than any doctor thought possible.是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了文章主要讲了一个白血病患儿临终愿望是当一天消防员。在各界的努力下，他的愿望得以实现，并且多活了三个月。所以这篇文章最好的题目是有时候，因为爱，才会有奇迹，故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】细节理解题的解题思路：‎ 细节理解题就是我们常见的wh-题，它们大多是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其它类型问题的基础。该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息，或是其变体。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题和选项有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。例如小题1，答案定位在第三段She explained her son's final wish and asked if it might be possible to give her six-year-old son a ride around the block on a fire engine.（她解释了儿子最后的愿望，并问能否让她六岁的儿子乘坐消防车在街区里兜风。）故选D。‎ 第II卷（非选择,共三大题,45分）‎ 第四部分：短文填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。请将答案写在答题纸上相应题号的横线上。‎ I grew up in one of the poorest communities on the south side of Atlanta, US and was raised by a single mother who didn't finish 3rd grade. Not many people expected much of me, so I had to expect something of ___51___.‎ On my 13th birthday, I bought a poster of Harvard and put it up in my room. Being at Harvard was ___52___ I dreamt about all the time though many people thought it was far ___53___ my reach. I would bum the midnight oil,___54___ (bury) in piles of books. I'd begin my day by asking myself these two questions, "What do I want in my life?" and "Are the things I am doing today going to get me closer to that life?"‎ ‎ ___55___ (remind) myself of my goal each made it easy to say no to the same choices I saw ‎ my peers making, because those paths wouldn't have taken me closer to my goal. Asking myself those questions gave me the courage and energy to study just one more hour on my SATs when my friends were asleep; and it gave me the determination to submit（提交）just one more scholarship ___56___ (apply) when 180 others had already turned me down.‎ On March 31st, 2011, ___57___ email arrived from Harvard. The first word was "Congratulations!" A month later, Harvard invited me to visit the campus ___58___ for the first time I got to see inside Sanders Theater, tour Widener Library and eat dinner in Annenberg Hall. I couldn't wait to start my ___59___ (explore) here.‎ Who you are today is the result of the decisions that ___60___ (make) earlier, and who you will be tomorrow will be the result of the choices you make today. Who do you want to be tomorrow?‎ ‎【答案】51. myself ‎ ‎52. what 53. beyond ‎ ‎54. buried 55. reminding ‎ ‎56. application ‎ ‎57. an 58. where ‎ ‎59. exploration ‎ ‎60. were made ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者通过自己的亲身经历说明今天的你是早些时候所做决定的结果，明天的你是你今天所做决定的结果。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查反身代词。句意：没有多少人对我期望很高，所以我必须对自己有所期待。文中表示“我自己”，所以填myself。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查表语从句。___2___ I dreamt about all the time是一个表语从句，引导词在从句中作dreamt about的宾语，表示“我梦想的事情”，所以填what。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查固定用法。句意：进入哈佛是我一直以来的梦想，尽管很多人认为这远远超出了我的能力范围。beyond one’s reach超出某人的范围，该用法是固定用法，所以填beyond。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：我会在成堆的书里挑灯夜战。“我”和“埋藏”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，所以填buried。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。I与remind之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，所以填reminding。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：这让我下定决心，在其他180人已经拒绝我的情况下，再提交一份奖学金申请。该空作submit的宾语，用名词，所以填application。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：一封来自哈佛的电子邮件到来。泛指“一封电子邮件”，email的首字母发音是元音，用不定冠词an。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。___8___ for the first time I got to see inside Sanders Theater, tour Widener Library and eat dinner in Annenberg Hall.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the campus，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：我迫不及待地想在这里开始我的探索。该空作start的宾语，用名词，所以填exploration。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 考查时态和语态。句意：今天的你是早些时候所做决定的结果，明天的你是你今天所做决定的结果。that ___10___ (make) earlier是一个定语从句，decisions是先行词，关系词替代先行词，decisions与make之间是被动关系，用被动语态，表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填were made。‎ 第五部分：单词拼写（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分）‎ 阅读下列句子，根据中文或首字母提示，写出正确单词，每空仅填一词。‎ ‎61. There are v _____ kinds of hotels with different in the city. You can choose the one you like.‎ ‎62. He is such a c _____ boy, keeping asking questions about the equipment when visiting the lab.‎ ‎63. After the students handed in their paintings, the class was d _____ and they all went home.‎ ‎64. It never o _____ to me that it would take two days for the students to finish the program.‎ ‎65. Excuse me but you can't sit here. These seats are r _____ for special guests.‎ ‎66. She is _____ (热情的）about going to Spain，, which is always her dream country.‎ ‎67. .We are _____ (安排）the schedule to end the last program a little earlier to allow the guests more time for the dinner meal.‎ ‎68. I decided not to do my more personal interviews until I _____ (官方地)became president that December.‎ ‎69. Dad, when will we arrive at the _____ (目的地)？The journey is so long that it seems endless.‎ ‎70. Scientists haven't found strong evidence for the _____ (存在）of this creature.‎ ‎【答案】61. various ‎ ‎62. curious ‎ ‎63. dismissed ‎ ‎64. occurred ‎ ‎65. reserved ‎ ‎66. enthusiastic/passionate ‎ ‎67. arranging ‎ ‎68. officially ‎ ‎69. destination ‎ ‎70. existence ‎【解析】‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 句意：城市里有各种各样的旅馆。你可以选择你喜欢的。various kinds of各种类型的，该短语是固定短语，所以填various。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 句意：他真是个好奇的孩子，参观实验室的时候不断地问有关设备的问题。该空修饰名词boy，用形容词，所以填curious。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 句意：学生们交完画后，下课了，他们都回家了。在被动语态中，用过去分词，所以填dismissed。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 句意：我从没想过学生们要花两天时间才能完成这个项目。It never occurred to从未想过，该句型是固定句型，所以填occurred。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 句意：对不起，你不能坐在这儿。这些座位是为贵宾预留的。在被动语态中，用过去分词，所以填reserved。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 句意：她对去西班牙充满热情，这一直是她的梦想。is后，用形容词作表语，所以填enthusiastic/passionate。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 句意：我们正在安排最后一个节目提前结束，以便客人有更多的时间用餐。在现在进行时中，用doing，所以填arranging。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 句意：在那年12月正式成为总统之前，我决定不做更多的个人采访。该空修饰整个句子，用副词，所以填officially。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 句意：爸爸，我们什么时候到达目的地?旅程太长，似乎无穷无尽。作arrive at的宾语，用名词，所以填destination。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 句意：科学家还没有发现这种生物存在的有力证据。介词for之后，接名词，所以填existence。‎ 第六部分：书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎71.很多父母太溺爱孩子，导致一些孩子缺乏基本的生活自理能力。你班正准备就这一话题召开一次主题班会，请你依据下表用英语准备一篇发言稿，要点如下：‎ 原因 ‎1、父母只关注孩子的学习，忽视其他能力的培养 ‎2、父母包办过多，为孩子安排好一切 结果 ‎1、缺乏基本的生活自理能力 ‎2、经受不住困难的考验 ‎3、以自我为中心，比较自私 建议 ‎（至少两点）‎ ‎1. 对所给提示，不要简单翻译，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。‎ ‎2. 词数150左右。开头己给出，不计入总词数。‎ Nowadays, many parents try their best to give their children a happy and meaningful life.‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Nowadays, many parents try their best to give their children a happy and meaningful life. However, too much care and love may spoil a child and even bring about problems.‎ ‎ Two major reasons account for this phenomenon. To begin with, parents today pay too much attention to children's study, ignoring the importance of developing other skills. Secondly, a lot of parents have done almost everything for their children for the sake of love. As a result, some of them gradually get used to depending on others, unable to look after themselves and face any challenges independently. Worse still, quite a few children are becoming self-centered and selfish, which is unhelpful for their future development.‎ ‎ Therefore, it's high time something should be done to change the situation. Parents should expose children to the hardships in life instead of protecting him from difficulties. In addition, it is also of benefit to let children study in a boarding school which can provide them with chances to become more mature and independent.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 考查应用文中的发言稿写作。‎ ‎【详解】题目要求假设很多父母太溺爱孩子，导致一些孩子缺乏基本的生活自理能力。你班正准备就这一话题召开一次主题班会，请你依据下表用英语准备一篇发言稿。分析可知，应该以第三人称为主，一般现在时进行写作。要点已经给出，要求考生根据提纲自己发挥拓展，考生要先想好写哪几点，运用合适的语法规则和词汇把各要点都准确表述出。描述要尽量选择简洁的语言，难点在于选择词汇和句型，可以灵活运用高级词汇和固定短语准确表述。还要用适当的连接词把句子连接起来，这样文章显得更连贯。‎ ‎【点睛】这篇书信类短文的关键在于要点的拓展，同时注意谋篇布局的顺序，运用合适的连接词连接全文，同时选择高级的词汇和语法项目让文章更有文采。Worse still, quite a few children are becoming self-centered and selfish, which is unhelpful for their future development. 定语从句的运用；In addition, it is also of benefit to let children study in a boarding school which can provide them with chances to become more mature and independent.定语从句的运用。‎ ‎ ‎