山东省济宁市第一中学2020届高三考前冲刺测试（一）英语试题 Word版含解析

山东省济宁市第一中学2020届高三考前冲刺测试（一）英语试题 Word版含解析

济宁一中2020届高三考前冲刺一测试 英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。‎ A BEST BODY FITNESS About us You don’t want just gym membership. You want membership that means something. And that means you need support, expert help and a community.‎ Best Body Fitness isn’t just a gym: it’s full-service fitness membership made for you.‎ Here’s how it works:‎ STEP ONE: Your assessment We begin with an assessment session. This is a chance for you to see what we do at Best Body. Our assessment plans are no-cost and no-risk. We’ll also make a training plan specifically for you.‎ STEP TWO: Your training When you decide to become a Best Body member, we show you what to do, how to do it and why you are doing it. After a few sessions with an expert private trainer you will feel comfortable working out on your own. But don’t worry, we’ll always be nearby if you have questions.‎ STEP THREE: Your membership Membership works on a month-to-month basis. There are no sign-up fees and no cancellation fees. Start and stop whenever you want. And the best part? Our fees are the most competitive in the whole downtown area.‎ STEP FOUR: Your community At Best Body Fitness, we see everyone as part of a big team. And when you work with a team, you can do great things. Join any of our specialized classes, led by expert instructors. Come to our nutrition classes. Participate in our regular social events. Everything is included in your fee.‎ Finally, share some reasons why our members have chosen us over any other fitness centre in the city.‎ It’s so EASY Easy to start, stop, cancel or refund membership Easy to access — we’re open 24/7, we never close Easy to do exercise — we have lots of equipment, no long wait Easy to find — in the centre of town, near public transport and with parking ‎1. Which statement about Best Body Fitness is correct?‎ A. It provides you with a fitness assessment after training.‎ B. It offers you a customized training plan.‎ C. It allows you to work out without any fees.‎ D. It asks you to work out on your own.‎ ‎2. What is the best part of Best Body Fitness?‎ A. Its price is quite good. B. Its time is enough.‎ C. Its classes are no-risk. D. Its trainers are experienced.‎ ‎3. What type of writing does this text probably belong to?‎ A. News report. B. Speech.‎ C. Announcement. D. Advertisement.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. B 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文为应用文。介绍了一家健身中心Best Body Fitness，它不仅仅是一家建身中心，它还有很多服务优势。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据STEP ONE: Your assessment中的We'll also make a training plan specifically for you可知，Best Body Fitness也为你量身制定培训计划。故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据It’s so EASY部分的Easy to access — we’re open 24/7, we never close可知，这个健身中心最好的是时间，从不关门。故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章一直在强调自己相较于其他竞争者的优势，希望读者能选择他们。尤其是STEP FOUR: Your community部分的Come to our nutrition classes. Participate in our ‎ regular social events. Everything is included in your fee.，由此可以判断出本文是一则广告。故选D。‎ B It’s a Saturday night, the kids are asleep and we have no plans. Before we fall into our routine and watch a movie, I try to talk my husband into playing a card game. Unconvinced, he continues tapping away on his phone. But just before disappearing into the social media rabbit hole, he has an idea. He looks over me and suggests, “Why don’t we try calling one of our friends?”‎ I look at him with raised brows, as if his suggestion is somewhat ridiculous and perhaps even socially unacceptable. You can’t just call someone out of the blue now…right? But then I realize in the not so distant past, this was the norm. My early teenage years saw me connecting with friends through a phone. We could chat for hours about the latest gossip and news, sometimes hidding under my blanket in order to avoid the chances of being caught by my parents. I could even memorize the phone numbers of loved ones then. I guess these days, they would be on my “Favorites” list in my smartphone.‎ Today many of my “favorite” people are followed from a distance through social media, and even they very rarely—if ever—would get an actual call from me. The birth announcement by my oldest friend is received through scrolling the past pictures. The news of a divorce from a couple arrives after a photo of a woman led me on a search for more gossip. Bits of such information, may have been a part of my digital feed for years. The idea of actually picking up the phone to reconnect with a long-lost friend is a frightening one—even seeing the name of an old friend pop up in an incoming call can feel a little afraid.‎ I ask my husband, “Who would we call?” After tossing around a few names, we agree on some potential candidates—people whose lives have taken them in different directions, but with whom we still share deep friendships.‎ ‎4. How does the author feel about her husband’s suggestion at first?‎ A. Excited. B. Motivated.‎ C. Nervous. D. Surprised.‎ ‎5. With the phone, the author’s teenage years was_____.‎ A. difficult but interesting B. peaceful and meaningful C. pleasant and unforgettable D. inconvenient but enjoyable ‎6. In the following days, the couple may ____.‎ A. share more of their private information with others B. contact more long-lost friends through social media C. have more personal communications with their friends D. add more friends’ names to the contact lists in their phones ‎7. What’s the purpose of the passage?‎ A. To argue for the need of the contact of long-lost old friends.‎ B. To tell us about one of his unforgettable experiences.‎ C. To remind us to turn to phones to keep in toch with friends.‎ D. To persuade us to follow our friends through the social media.‎ ‎【答案】4. D 5. C 6. C 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是夹叙夹议文。智能手机时代人们和朋友们的电话交流少了，作者和丈夫决定给一些老朋友打电话，进行更多的交流。通过本文作者提醒我们要用手机和朋友多联系。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段I look at him with raised brows, as if his suggestion is somewhat ridiculous and perhaps even socially unacceptable.作者听到丈夫提议给朋友打电话时，皱起眉头看着他，好像他的建议有些可笑，甚至在社会上是不能接受的。由此可知作者对丈夫的提议感到吃惊，故选D。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段My early teenage years saw me connecting with friends through a phone. We could chat for hours about the latest gossip and news, sometimes hidding under my blanket in order to avoid the chances of being caught by my parents. I could even memorize the phone numbers of loved ones then.作者对青少年时期的描述：当时通过电话和朋友联系，我们可以聊上几个小时最新的八卦和新闻，有时躲在毯子下面以免被父母发现。那时我甚至能记住亲人的电话号码。由此可推断作者的青少年时代是快乐的，是至今难忘的。故选C。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。丈夫提议给朋友打电话，作者思考后同意。根据最后一段After tossing around a few names, we agree on some potential candidates—people whose lives have taken them in ‎ different directions, but with whom we still share deep friendships.可知在讨论之后，我们就一些可能的候选人达成了一致——这些人的生活将他们引向不同的方向，但我们仍然和他们有着深厚的友谊。由此推知，找到人选后，作者夫妇会和这些朋友联系，进行更多的个人交流。故选C。‎ ‎7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。作者描述了智能手机时代的普遍现象：和朋友们的电话交流少了，一想到拿起电话与失散已久的朋友重新取得联系，就会让人害怕——即使在来电时看到老朋友的名字突然出现，也会让人感到有点害怕。于是和丈夫决定给一些老朋友打电话，进行更多的交流。通过这篇文章，作者提醒我们要用手机和朋友多联系。故选C。‎ C Scientists have discovered that rats have adapted to modern human life, even adapting their diets to the cities they live in.‎ The scientists claim that it could be possible that humans and rats have had similar changes in their genetic make-up, due to modern city life. The downside of the changes in the DNA is that they could make rats susceptible to the same health problems as humans, such as pollutants and sugary foods.‎ The study showed that rats’ diets have also adapted to their environment. In New York, you can see them eat bagels and beer; in Paris, they like croissants and butter. They adapt in amazing ways. The scientists also analyzed the genomes (基因组)of 29 New York rats and compared them with those of nine brown rats from Heilongjiang Province, north-east China. The finding showed that dozens of rat genes had been through major DNA changes over the centuries, as the rats spread from Asia to Europe and America, and from the countryside and into cities.‎ The changed genes were associated with diet, behavior, and movement, which added pressures and challenges for the rat to overcome. This could reflect the fact that urban rats have to move through highly artificial environments that are very different from natural habitats. So these gene changes might have evolved to help them move more easily through underground channels and pipes.‎ As the rats are closely associated with city-living humans, the scientists believe that it is possible that similar changes have happened in both species.‎ In October 2019, scientists used rats to successfully test an enzyme(酶) that could be used to help people quit smoking. Two groups of rats were trained to self-administer nicotine, and over two weeks their nicotine intakes increased, suggesting addiction. Then, one group of rats was given the enzyme, which led to a decreased nicotine intake. The scientists say that the enzyme could be developed for human use in the future.‎ ‎8. Which of the following best explains the underlined phrase “susceptible to” in paragraph 2?‎ A. Not likely to be cured of. B. Being disease-resistant to.‎ C. Very likely to be affected by. D. Being thoroughly exposed to.‎ ‎9. What does the author intend to show in the third paragraph?‎ A. Rats in the city are particular about their food.‎ B. Rats in different cities have different genetic make-up.‎ C. Rats are distributed in every continent of the earth.‎ D. Rats have been adjusting themselves to the environment.‎ ‎10. What is the purpose of testing an enzyme on rats?‎ A. To explore rats’ survival ability. B. To help people stop smoking.‎ C. To learn more about city rats. D. To tell apart nicotine and enzyme.‎ ‎11. What is the best title of this text?‎ A. Rats Have Adapted to Modern Human Life B. Rats in the City Have Varieties of Diets C. Rats Are More Adaptable than Humans D. Rats Have the Same Genetic Make-up to Humans ‎【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。科学家宣称老鼠已经通过改变基因构成，适应了现代的城市生活。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 短语猜测题。第二段第一句提到“科学家宣称人类和老鼠在基因构成方面有相似的变化，这是有可能的”，再由划线短语所在句“The downside of the changes in the DNA(基因变化的负面影响)”“the same health problems as humans(和人类相同的健康问题)‎ ‎，由此可推测，划线短语所在句的意思是“基因变化的负面影响是，它们可能使老鼠容易受到和人类相同的健康问题的影响”，所以划线短语的意思是“易受影响”。故选C项。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第三段首句提到“研究表明老鼠已经适应了它们的环境”，接下来举例纽约和巴黎的老鼠以惊人的方式适应着，并提到科学家把纽约老鼠和黑龙江棕鼠的基因作比较，发现老鼠基因已经发生变化。由此可推测，第三段主要是想说明“老鼠已经使自己适应了环境”。故选D项。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“In October 2019, scientists used rats to successfully test an enzyme(酶) that could be used to help people quit smoking.(在2019年10月，科学家使用老鼠成功地测试了一个可以帮助人们戒烟的酶)”可知，科学家用老鼠测试酶是为了帮助人们戒烟。故选B项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。第一段Scientists have discovered that rats have adapted to modern human life, even adapting their diets to the cities they live in.（科学家们发现，老鼠已经适应了现代人类的生活，甚至适应了它们所居住的城市的饮食。）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述一项调查结果，科学家宣称老鼠已经通过改变基因构成，适应了现代的城市生活，所以“老鼠已经适应人类现代生活”适合作文章标题。故选A项。‎ D What do you do when nobody is around to take your picture? You take a selfie (拍照) .But what about selfies in space? On Twitter last year, NASA astronaut Edwin “Buzz” Aldrin, who famously became the second man to walk on the moon in July 1969, laid claim to a spaceflight first taking the first selfie in space during the Gemini XII mission in 1966.‎ ‎“For me, it needs to be digital to be selfie,” argues Jennifer Levasseur, who is in charge of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. According to Levasseur, the concept of a selfie is directly linked to Internet culture and human desire to interact on social platforms. “The thing that makes a selfie is sharing it,” she says.‎ Still, astronauts have been carrying cameras abroad space vehicles since the 1960s ,and they've taken plenty of pictures of themselves along the way. Astronauts had to pull the film magazines out and leave their cameras behind when they returned to Earth because early space missions were restricted by a conservative weight limit on the return trip.‎ A big change in space camera technology came after sad loss of the space shuttle Columbia who broke apart on its return to Earth in 2003. “Fearing that they would never be able to bring the film back from space and lose all that hard work celebrated the push for digital.” Levasseur says.‎ Today astronauts can have access to the Internet and social platforms in space and post true based selfies taken by digital cameras. Taking selfies and sharing them on social media is a way that astronauts in space can participate in the same activities people on Earth do every day. The first astronaut selfie that went viral(网红的) on the internet was one by Japanese astronaut Akihiko Hoshide in 2012.‎ ‎12. What does Levasseur think of Aldrin's claim?‎ A. It hardly makes any sense. B. It revolutionizes astronautics.‎ C. It contradicts public opinions. D. It needs to be further proved.‎ ‎13. Why were cameras left in space on early space missions?‎ A. To lighten the load of the spaceship.‎ B. To test cameras under extreme conditions.‎ C. To prepare for the next stage of spaceexploration.‎ D. To take more pictures in space by remote control.‎ ‎14. What advanced space camera technology?‎ A. The invention of new films B. The fear of falling behind in the space race C. The concern about the loss of valuable data D. The popularity of space selfies on socia media ‎15. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. The Exploration of Space. B. The History of Selfies in Space.‎ C. The Change in Space Camera Technology. D. The Development in Space Technology.‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. A 14. C 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议的记叙文。通过对Levasseur的故事，讲述太空中如何自拍，自拍后如何处理，还有以前太空自拍和现在自拍的异同比较。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。审题得知问的是Levasseur对Aldrin声明的想法是什么。通过此关键信息定位在第一段发现此处没有重要信息可用。因此，继续浏览到第二段末尾：According to Levasseur, the concept of a selfie is directly linked to Internet culture and human desire to interact on social platforms. “The thing that makes a selfie is sharing it,” she says.‎ 根据里瓦索尔的说法，自拍的概念就是直接和网络文化连接，人们都想在社交平台上互动。“自拍的目的就是分享自拍的照片”，她说。再回过头来看Aldrin的说法：laid claim to a spaceflight first taking the first selfie in space during the Gemini XII mission in 1966.声称在1966年在太空执行Gemini十二号任务时拍下了第一张自拍照。然后第二段开始的地方里瓦索尔争论说“对于我而言，自拍是需要数码相机的。”通过以上这几个信息可以得知里瓦索尔认为艾尔德林Aldrin的声明是毫无意义的。而A选项切合题意：It hardly makes any sense.这几乎没有什么意义。故选A。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。通过审题定位关键词信息处即可得知答案。cameras left in space是关键词信息，可以定位在第三段末尾：leave their cameras behind when they returned to Earth because early space missions were restricted by a conservative weight limit on the return trip.在早期执行太空任务时返回地球前把他们的相机留在太空，因为那时在返程中严格限制体重极限。根据此句可以推出答案为A选项：To lighten the load of the spaceship.为了减轻宇宙飞船的装载重量。切合题意，故选A。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。审题得知是什么促进了太空相机技术的发展？可以定位在第四段A big change in space camera technology came after sad loss of the space shuttle Columbia who broke apart on its return to Earth in 2003.在返回地球时痛失太空飞船哥伦比亚号后不久迎来了太空照相技术的大变革。接着说“Fearing that they would never be able to bring the film back from space and lose all that hard work celebrated the push for digital. 担心他们会再也不能够从太空带回那些珍贵的影像资料，失去所有努力的工作成果推动了数码技术的发展。”据此可以推定C选项：The concern about the loss of valuable data担心失去宝贵的数据。这里concern和fearing同义转换，切合题意，故选C。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。问最佳标题是什么。此类题目往往需要看每一段的首句和尾句连接起来、综合衡量才能得出答案。第一段讲的是1966年人类拍的第一张太空自拍照。第二段讲自拍需要数码技术才能行。第四段讲述的是2003年哥伦比亚号失事后，促进了太空数码照相技术的发展，太空照相技术迎来大变革。最后一段讲现在太空宇航员可以在社交平台和网络上，实时分享太空自拍照。这个里面重复次数最多的是selfie自拍这个关键词。根据以上分析，得知B选项切合题意：The History of Selfies in Space.太空自拍的历史。故选B。‎ 第二节：（共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分）‎ 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ I’m always surprised when I hear the statistics about how little time kids spend outside. One study found children are spending less than half amount of time outdoors than they did just 20 years ago.‎ ‎___16___All that outside time then wasn’t just about health and exercise, though that was certainly true. Several studies also have linked outside time to higher test scores, lower anxiety and aggression, more creativity and improved attention spans. ____17____ Researchers look at three primary schools in South Wales that adopted an outdoor learning program with teachers working outside with students at least one hour a week and come to this conclusion.‎ ‎___18___Eliza Minnucci’s kindergarten class there engages in Forest Mondays, during which the students spend the whole day in the woods, rain or shine. It’s a more curriculum-based version of the Land, an outdoor playground in England, which allows kids to experiment, build dams and even build fires in the woods.‎ So what have the results been? Mostly positive. “Kids are so resourceful out here. Minnucci said. ____19____We teach them discrete (互不关联的) skills and facts and they put them together later. That’s a good way to learn, but it’s not the way the world works,” she said. “ ____20____In the place, they need to think about how to build a dam with others and at the same time think about staying dry and staying warm.‎ Considering all the good evidence that being outside is good great for mind and body — as well as test scores — it seems like this kind of education is a natural next step for teachers.‎ A. My own childhood was filled with outdoor time.‎ B. As an added bonus, it is also beneficial to teachers.‎ C. The idea is to let kids learn lessons from the natural world.‎ D. In the classroom, we separate everything into small pieces.‎ E. A public school in Queechee is taking these results seriously.‎ F. I like giving them the opportunity to be in a really complex place.‎ G. Playing outdoors involves plenty of learning, just not from a book.‎ ‎【答案】16. A 17. B 18. E 19. D 20. F ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究，研究人员发现户外时间有利于教师教学，英国的一所公立学校已经开始尝试户外教学并取得了不错的效果。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 上文说一项研究发现，现在的孩子的户外时间还不到二十年前的一半，空后又说那时候所有的户外活动不仅仅是为了健康和锻炼，因此此处应该会提到二十年前的户外时间，即：作者的童年有很多户外活动的时间，故A项（我的童年充满了户外的时光）符合语境。故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 空前说户外时间有助于提高考试成绩，降低焦虑和攻击性，并且还会提高创造力和提高注意力，空后又说研究人员观察了南威尔士的三所小学，这些学校采用了一项户外学习计划，教师每周至少在户外教学一小时，得出了这个结论，因此此处介绍的是户外时间的另一个好处——有利于教师教学，故B项（作为额外的奖励，它也有利于教师）符合语境。故选B。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 空后说伊莱扎·米努奇的幼儿园开展了“森林星期一”活动，在此期间，学生们一整天都呆在树林里，风雨无阻，这说明有的学校开始采用户外学习计划，也就是说它（们）正认真对待“户外时间有利于教学”这一研究结果，故E项（奎奇的一所公立学校正在认真对待这些结果）符合语境。故选E。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 空后米努奇说他们（在课堂上）教孩子们理论和实际，然后让他们把二者结合起来，虽然这是一种很好的学习方式，但这不是世界运行的方式，因此此处应该会提到课堂上的教学方法，与户外教学形成对比，故D项（在教室里，我们把每样东西都分成小块）符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 空前说课堂教学虽然是一种很好的学习方式，但孩子们不能切实地学习到世界是如何运行的，空后又说在这个地方，他们需要考虑如何与他人一起建造水坝，同时还要考虑如何保持干燥和温暖，因此此处说的是让孩子到户外中学习、认识世界，空后的the place指代的就是F项中a really complex place，故F项（我喜欢给他们机会去一个非常复杂的地方）符合语境。故选F。‎ 第二部分语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）‎ 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ One day I was sleeping in my chair when I woke up to the sound of a car crash. I sat up and looked ___21___ out my window. Across the street, a car had just backed into a chain-link fence. The car must have been moving fast, ___22___it was in bad shape. The fence was bent out exactly the ___23___of the car’s back end.‎ I watched the driver get out of the car. After a few seconds of ___24___the damage, the man tried to put the fence back into the place. His first attempt failed and he tried a little harder. He grabbed its vertical support pole and pulled against it with his full ___25___. The pole suddenly ___26___ and the man fell hard onto the ground. The entire fence fell on top of him, and one of his shoes ___27___ and landed 10 feet away on the sidewalk.‎ I laughed out loud. The man's failure was ___28___my whole day. He climbed out from under the___29___fence and went back to the apartment building.‎ That, I thought, would be the ____30____of it. The man was going to leave all the chaos behind for someone else to ____31____. However, the man_____32_____a few minutes later with some tools. For the next hour, I ____33____out my window as he doggedly fixed the fence and even improved it. Now the fence would be extra secure, stronger than before.‎ This man was actually a hero and I was embarrassed by my ____34____judgments. Years later, I still look out my window at that fence almost every day. It makes me ____35____what else that man has improved, and how I can make myself more like him.‎ ‎21. A. gradually B. especially C. immediately D. generally ‎22. A. until B. because C. if D. although ‎23. A. beginning B. direction C. center D. shape ‎24. A. assessing B. mentioning C. limiting D. avoiding ‎25. A. equipment B. sight C. wisdom D. weight ‎26. A. broke B. burnt C. lightened D. rose ‎27. A. moved on B. passed by C. flew off D. turned up ‎28. A. wasting B. brightening C. completing D. controlling ‎29. A. fallen B. hidden C. locked D. related ‎30. A. plan B. form C. cause D. end ‎31. A. give away B. clean up C. learn from D. refer to ‎32. A. quit B. hesitated C. approved D. appeared ‎33. A. worked B. counted C. watched D. guessed ‎34. A. unbalanced B. uncertain C. unfair D. unhurried ‎35. A. wonder B. observe C. explain D. challenge ‎【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是记叙文。讲述作者目睹了一场车祸，出事的车辆把栅栏撞坏了，司机坚持修好栅栏。作者本以为司机开始修不好就放弃了，后来司机坚持修好了栅栏，作者因为自己的不公平感到很尴尬，认为司机是一个英雄，自己应该向他学习。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我坐起来立即向窗外看。A. gradually 逐渐地；B. especially 尤其；特别地；C. immediately立即；D. generally一般地。根据上文I woke up to the sound of a car crash可知，我被车祸中声惊醒，因此我立刻坐起来向窗外看，故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：这辆车一定跑得很快，因为它已经变形了。A. until直到；B. because因为；C. if如果；D. although尽管。根据句意可知，前后文是因果关系。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：围栏弯了出来，完全是汽车后端的形状。A. beginning开始；B. direction方向；C. center中心；D. shape形状。根据上文可知，车被撞的变形，因此推断，被撞的栅栏弯出了一个车的形状。故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几秒钟的评估，这个人试图把栅栏放回原处。A. assessing评估；评定；B. mentioning 提到；C. limiting限制；D. avoiding避免。上文说栅栏被撞出了一个车的形状，结合下文the man tried to put the fence back into the place可知，评估以后，司机企图把栅栏恢复原形。故选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他抓住它的垂直支撑杆，用他的全部重量拉着它。A. equipment设备；B. sight视野；C. wisdom智慧；D. weight重量。根据上文He grabbed its vertical support pole and pulled against it可知，司机用全部的重量拉栅栏。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：支撑杆突然断了，这个人狠狠地摔在地上。A. broke破碎；断裂；B. burnt烧毁；C. lightened点亮；D. rose上升。根据下文the man fell hard onto the ground可知，这个人摔倒了地上，因此杆子断了。故选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：整个篱笆都落在他的上面，他的一只鞋飞了出去，落在10英尺外的人行道上。 A. moved on继续前进； B. passed by经过；C. flew off飞出； D. turned up出现。根据下文landed 10 feet away on the sidewalk可知，鞋子飞了出去。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我大声笑了出来，那个人的失败使我一整天都很快乐。A. wasting浪费；B. brightening使发亮；使快乐；C. completing完成； D. controlling 控制。根据上文I laughed out loud.可知，那一天我很快乐。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从倒塌的篱笆下爬出来，回到公寓楼。A. fallen倒下；倒塌；B. hidden躲藏；C. locked锁；D. related讲述。根据上文The entire fence fell on top of him可知，栅栏倒塌了。故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为那是事情的结束。A. plan 计划；B. form形式；C. cause起因；D. end结束。根据下文However, the man____12____a few minutes later with some tools.可知，我认为这件事就这样结束，然而这个人几分钟后带着工具又回来了，故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意： 那个人打算把所有的混乱都留给别人去清理。A. give away泄露；B. clean up打扫；清理；C. learn from向……学习；D. refer to涉及；指的是。根据leave all the chaos behind for someone else可知，留给别人清理所有的混乱。故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，几分钟以后这个人带着一些工具出现了。A. quit离开；放弃；B. hesitated犹豫； C. approved赞成；同意；D. appeared出现。根据下文as he doggedly fixed the fence and even improved it可知，这个人又出现了。故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下了的一个小时，我看着窗外，他顽强地固定了栅栏，甚至改进了它。A. worked工作；B. counted计算；C. watched观看；D. guessed猜测。根据out my window可知，我看着窗外，看到这个一直在修栅栏。故选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个人实际上是个英雄，我对我不公平的判断感到尴尬。A. unbalanced不平衡的；B. uncertain不确定的； C. unfair不公平的；D. unhurried从容不破的。根据上文提到的This man was actually a hero and I was embarrassed可知，我因为我不公平的判断感到尴尬。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它让我想知道那个人还有什么进步，我如何才能让自己更像他。A. wonder想知道；惊奇；B. observe观察；C. explain解释；D. challenge 挑战。根据下文提的两个疑问what else that man has improved, and how I can make myself more like him可知，我想知道这个人还能取得什么别的进步，我如何更像他。故选A。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ China has named 24,126 primary and middle schools across the country specialist football schools ____36____(lead) youth football development, according to the Ministry of Education (MOE). It's required that at least one football class ___37___(offer) each week in these schools so that they can encourage their students to ___38___(active) participate in football training and matches.‎ China aims to have 50,000 schools specializing in youth football by the end of 2025, said Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE, ___39___ (add) that to realize this goal, the ministry will take various measures that include building school football fields, training football coaches and providing extra funding and policy support. ___40___ those measures in schools, 47 football training camps have also been built in ___41___ effort to promote the sport among young people. And outstanding or ___42___ (gift) players will also have the chance to join inter-school teams for regional ___43___ (compete) and even national summer camps.‎ In the past four years, local education departments have trained about 40,000 football teachers, 8,000 of ___44___ have obtained coaching certificates. Moreover, the country ____45____ (step) up its efforts in promoting football in schools since it set up a seven-department joint task force, including the education, sport and finance authorities as well as the Chinese Football Association.‎ ‎【答案】36. to lead ‎ ‎37. be offered ‎ ‎38. actively ‎ ‎39. adding 40. Besides ‎ ‎41. an 42. gifted ‎ ‎43. competitions ‎ ‎44. whom 45. has step ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻稿。中国已命名全国24,126‎ 所中小学为特色足球学校，来促进青少年足球的发展，打造中国特色足球青训体系。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句中主谓宾结构完整，所填词为非谓语动词，此处表示目的，用动词不定式，故填to lead。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查虚拟语气和被动态。句中it为形式主语，that引导的从句为主语从句，require表示“要求”，主语从句是“被要求”的内容，主语从句要用“should+动词原形”结构，should常常可以省略。在主语从句中的主语是one football class与谓语动词offer是动宾关系，是动作的接受者，要用被动语态，此处为should be offered，做语法填空时，省略should。故填be offered。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查副词。句中所填词修饰动词短语participate in，要用副词，要填active的副词形式，故填actively。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句中逗号前无论主句还是宾语从句中主谓（宾）结构都完整，所填词为非谓语动词，非谓语动词的逻辑主语为Wang Dengfeng, an official with the MOE，是非谓语动词动作的执行者，且非谓语动词动作与前面主句动词said同时发生，所以要用现在分词，故填adding。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查介词。所填词后跟名词measures，所填词应为介词，句中逗号后内容是对逗号前内容的补充，两部分属同类，用介词besides“除……之外（还）”，句子首字母大写，故填Besides。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查冠词。in an effort to do“努力做某事”是固定短语，effort前要用不定冠词an，故填an。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查形容词。所填词修饰名词players，可以用形容词，语意为有天赋的运动员，gifted是形容词，意为“有天赋的”,符合题意，故填gifted。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。competition在句中意为“比赛、竞赛”，是可数名词，and后为camps，是名词复数，and连接的部分要对称平行，所以and前的名词也要用复数，故填competitions。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查非限制性定语从句。逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词是teachers，指人，非限制性定语从句中介词of后要用关系代词whom，故填whom。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查时态。句中since引导时间状语从句，表示从过去开始延续到现在的段时间，主句要用现在完成时，主句主语是the country，单数名词，故填has set。‎ 第三部分写作 (共两节, 满分40分)‎ 第一节应用文写作（满分15分）‎ ‎46.假定你是李华, 是某中学国际部的一名学生。你有幸做外教Chris的向导, 带领他去当地一家餐馆品尝中国美食。请你按如下提示给对方写一封邮件, 告知这次行程安排。‎ ‎1. 饭店情况 2. 出发时间、地点3. 交通方式 注意：1. 词数80左右 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：specialty 特色菜 ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Chris，‎ I’m so honored to serve as your guide to a local restaurant to taste traditional Chinese food. The restaurant enjoys a good reputation and has won a China Time-honored Brand title. The environment is clean and elegant, not to mention its high-quality dishes as well as its top services. The traditional and unique soup dumplings are its specialty, which I do believe you will have a good feast on.‎ By the way, it is convenient to get there by bus, for it is just within easy reach of the downtown. We will meet at the bus stop near our school this Sunday morning. Bus No. 9 will directly take us there.‎ Wish you a good time.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，告知行程安排。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应主要为一般现在时。‎ 结构：总分法 ‎   总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。‎ 要求：1.表达荣幸 ‎ 2.告知相关情况 ‎ 1）饭店情况。（introduction to the restaurant）‎ ‎ 2）出发时间、地点。（time and place to meet ）‎ ‎ 3) 交通方式。（way to get there） ‎ 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ be honored to; enjoy a good reputation; not to mention; as well as ; traditional and unique; convenient; within easy reach; directly ‎ 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. I’m so honored to serve as your guide to a local restaurant to taste traditional Chinese food.‎ ‎2. The restaurant enjoys a good reputation ‎3. not to mention its high-quality dishes as well as its top services.‎ ‎4. The traditional and unique soup dumplings are its specialty ‎5. it is convenient to get there by bus, for it is just within easy reach of the downtown.‎ ‎6. Bus No. 9 will directly take us there.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,‎ ‎3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that… ‎ ‎4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，‎ 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：The traditional and unique soup dumplings are its specialty, which I do believe you will have a good feast on.这句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句；也使用了一些固定词组，如enjoy a good reputation; not to mention; as well as等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节（满分25分）‎ ‎47.阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文, 续写的词数应为150左右。‎ Mike licked the last of the mint chocolate chip ice cream It was almost time to leave. He jumped into the car with his parents and headed off to the Olympic-sized pool for the big swim meet.‎ When his race came up, Mike was confident. He was strong and swift. Mike climbed out the pool, smiling. He had just won first place, making him the fastest boy in his age group.‎ ‎“Congratulations, son, “ his father said. His mom gave him a hug, even though he was soaking wet.‎ A week later, it was time for another swim meet. Like before, Mike decided to enjoy his favorite ice cream flavor. Mike remembered that the last time he had won a race, he also ate mint chocolate chip ice cream first. Maybe he’d win again.‎ He took first place again in his race. Mike was feeling pretty good. As it turned out, Mike decided to have mint chocolate chip ice cream before every one of the next few swim meets. He began to think of it as his lucky charm. After several mouths of placing in the top positions of every race he swam, Mike was feeling unbeatable. And he wouldn’t admit it, but all that ice cream was ‎ adding a few pounds to his athletic swimmer’s build.‎ It didn’t take long after that for Mike to start coming in second place---and then third---and then last place in his races. The lucky mint chocolate chip ice cream had lost its magic.‎ On the day of his next swim meet, his mother sat down at the table with him. “Mike, we all love ice cream, bu it’s not healthy for your body to eat so much of it. Maybe it’s time to quit the sweet treats for a while, especially before you go swimming.”‎ Mike unwillingly agreed. He went to the swim meet, and didn’t perform well. His father offered to go running with him a few days a week to help him feel better and strengthen his muscles. The extra weight soon disappeared, and Mike found himself breathing easier at swim practices.‎ Paragraph 1: ‎ It was the last meet of the season, and Mike wasn’t sure what to expect.‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2‎ Finally came the end of the race.‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】It was the last meet of the season, and Mike was not sure what to expect. He’d been training hard with his dad, and staying away from the rich desserts he enjoyed so much. He felt healthy again, but he didn’t know if he still had any speed in the pool.‎ As he jumped into the water, he kicked his legs and stretched his arms as far as he could. He made the turn at the end of the lane perfectly, and was feeling strong. This race was a long one, so ‎ Mike tried to keep his energy level up even as he began feeling tired.‎ Whenever he came up for a breath, he could see he was gaining on the boy ahead of him in the next lane. Feeling determined to pass him, Mike found the power in his muscles to push ahead, and as his hand touched the edge of the pool, the race was over. He lifted his swim goggles off his head and looked at the times on the electronic board. He knew he wasn’t last, but what was his time?‎ His jaw dropped as he realized he had beaten his own best time, and everyone else’s too. Mike had won his race. The audience and his teammates cheered loudly, and his parents were grinning from ear to ear. “Hey champ, let’s go grab some of your favorite ice cream and celebrate!” said his father.‎ ‎“Thanks, Dad, but I’ll pass on the ice cream; it’s not such a lucky charm after all!”‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇读后续写类书面表达。前文记叙了迈克游泳比赛的表现。根据其内容和所给段落开头语，续写两段，构成一篇完整的短文。‎ ‎【详解】本篇书面表达读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知， 迈克以比赛前吃冰淇淋为幸运符，开始时能获得第一名，之后导致成绩逐步下滑。放弃甜食后，也没有表现好。父亲同他一起跑步，使他游泳时呼吸更加轻松。‎ 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：这是本赛季的最后一场比赛，迈克不知道该期待什么。所以应该写比赛前他对自己的看法以及比赛时的表现：他一直在和父亲一起刻苦训练，远离他非常喜欢的油腻甜点。他又恢复了健康，但他不知道自己在泳池里是否还有速度。当他跳进水里的时候，他踢着他的腿，并把他的手臂尽可能地伸展。努力的进行比赛。第二段开头是：比赛终于结束了。本段应该写比赛结束后迈克的成绩，以及结束后对自己取得的成绩的感悟。要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：stay away from，at the end of ，come up等高级词汇；省略关系词that的定语从句He’d been training hard with his dad, and staying away from the rich desserts he enjoyed so much.，as引导的时间状语从句As he jumped into the water, he kicked his legs and stretched his arms as far as he could.等高级句式。‎