黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2020届高三第三次模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析

黑龙江省哈尔滨市第三中学校2020届高三第三次模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 2020 年高三学年模拟考试 英语试卷 本试卷分为第 I 卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。第 I 卷 1 至 9 页，第Ⅱ卷 9 至 10 页。考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第 I 卷 注意事项： 1.答第 I 卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.选出每小题答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上所对应题目的答案标号框涂黑。如需改动，用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分 30 分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你 将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题，每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.15. C. £9.18. 答案是 1. What was the weather like this morning? A. Cloudy B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 2. Where was the grey bird when the man saw it? A. Beside a river. B. On top of a house. C. In a tree. 3. What is the woman’s opinion about writing an English story? A. It’s unpleasant. B. It’s interesting. C. It’s creative. 4. How much will the speakers pay for the shoes? A. £15. B. £25. C. £35. 5. What program will be shown on TV tonight? A. The singing competition. B. The talk show. C. The street dancing. 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 - 2 - 出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小 题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. Where will the woman go tomorrow? A. To a market. B. To a farm. C. To a museum. 7. What does the man plan to do for the weekend? A. Make an apple pie. B. See an exhibition. C. Watch a movie. 听第 7 段材料,回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. What happened in the late 1970s? A. Return of the Jedi appeared. B. Science fiction movies became popular. C. There was a long gap in movie releases. 9. When did The Phantom Menace come out? A. In 1980. B. In 1984. C. In 1999. 10. What are the speakers discussing? A. How Star Wars movies were made. B. What effects Star Wars movies have. C. When Star Wars movies were released. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Customer and receptionist. B. Colleagues. C. Husband and wife. 12. How will the speakers go to the airport? A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. By underground. 13. What does the woman remind the man to do at last? A. Avoid the rush hour. B. Bring business cards along. C. Keep the receipts. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。 14. Where are the speakers? A. At home. B. In the office. C. At the recycling center. 15. What waste will the man take care of? A. Plastic bottles. B. Paper. C. Cans. 16. What do the speakers decide to do? - 3 - A. Reduce the use of paper, plastic and cans. B. Prepare boxes for different wastes. C. Try to reduce the waste. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. Who is the speaker talking to? A. University students. B. Club members. C. Guest speakers. 18. What does the speaker suggest doing? A. Comparing before choosing. B. Remembering the library card. C. Joining a free club. 19. What information is on the registration document? A. A book list for each course. B. The names of the departmental heads. C. The classroom numbers for each class. 20. Where should one fix any accommodation problems? A. The secretary office. B. The academic department. C. The university administration. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Recently, as I watched my son Nathan play basketball for his high school team, I started to feel sorry for myself and for him. His team was facing adversity (逆 境) — it was the opponent’s home gym filled with their supporters, and Nathan’s team was left behind for three quarters of the game. As for me, I had been fired earlier in the day. I was prepared for it as I had experienced the same thing 14 years earlier, but, just like a punch in the mouth, the blow is never softened because you were expecting it. As I watched the adversity on the court that my son was experiencing, I recalled my earlier events, packing up everything in a box and waving goodbye to a great group of colleagues with whom I’d had the pleasure of working. During my driving home, I kept telling myself “Just like that time, I will find work again in a short time—I am confident in my experience and abilities.” It was the same belief that I tried to teach my son. The basketball game entered the fourth quarter with Nathan’s team still trailing. - 4 - As Nathan and his teammates fought back, I saw the focus and determination on him, as well as his teammates’faces. Then, with a tie game and seconds on the clock, Nathan found himself with the ball. There was no room for self-doubt. With skill and confidence he was able to tune out all that could drive his attention away and make the throw as if he had done it a thousand times. The joy on his face, the cheering from the crowd, and the silence on the other side of the gym—it was a moment that would make any parent proud. As I sat there, my heart bursting with pride, it dawned on me that I had taught him determination in the face of adversity, and he had just taught me the same lesson. That brief moment of self-doubt and feeling sorry for myself was blown away by the actions of my son on the basketball court. He will play in the finals, but it doesn’t matter if he wins or loses, at this moment. 1. What did the author intend to show by mentioning his experience 14 years ago? A. He quit a job again. B. He disliked working with the colleagues. C. He made a right career choice. D. He had confidence in his abilities. 2. What can we infer from the passage? A. Nathan’s teammates couldn’t focus on the play. B. The author was never worried about his son’s team. C. Nathan’s team lost the game at last. D. The game was in a tie at one time. 3. What is the passage mainly about? A. A blow from losing a job. B. A lesson on the court. C. The importance of teamwork. D. The rise and fall of a game. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 【解析】 本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者在观看儿子篮球比赛过程中，看到儿子球队在比赛临近尾声 并处于劣势的情况下，依然满怀信心、坚持不懈，最后获得了胜利，这番情景让刚刚失业正 处于沮丧不自信中的作者消除了自我怀疑，重新燃起了生活的斗志。 - 5 - 【1 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段 During my driving home, I kept telling myself “Just like that time, I will find work again in a short time—I am confident in my experience and abilities.” 我一直对自己说：“就像那次一样，我会在很短的时间内重新找到工作——我 对自己的经验和能力充满信心。”由此可推断出，作者通过提及他 14 年前的经历想要表达的 是作者对自己的能力很有信心。故选 D。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。第四段中的“Then, with a tie game and seconds on the clock. Nathan found himself with the ball.” 然后，比赛打成平手，时间紧迫，内森发现自己拿着球。由此可 知，比赛一度打成平手。故选 D。 【3 题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段“As I sat there, my heart bursting with pride, it dawned on me that I had taught him determination in the face of adversity, and he had just taught me the same lesson. That brief moment of self-doubt and feeling sorry for myself was blown away by the actions of my son on the basketball court. ” 可知，本文讲述了作者在观看儿子篮球比赛过程中，看到儿子球队在比赛临近尾声并处于劣 势的情况下，依然满怀信心、坚持不懈，最后获得了胜利。儿子及队友在球场的表现让刚刚 失业正处于沮丧不自信中的作者吸取了经验，消除了自我怀疑，重新燃起了生活的斗志。可 推断出本文主要叙述的是球场上难忘的一节课。故选 B。 B If you are reading this, you were probably born in the 2000s. The oh-ohs. The 21st century. That would make you young, creative, connected, global, and no doubt smart. Maybe good-looking, too. Right? But what do other people think about your generation? Some adults worry that you’re more interested in the screen in front of you than the world around you. They think of you as the “face-down generation” because you use your phone so much and they wonder how you will deal with school, friends, and family. Are today’s teenagers too busy texting and taking selfies to become successful in real life—or “IRL”, as you would say? Other adults worry that today’s youth are spoilt and don’t want to face the - 6 - challenges of adult life. Many children born in the 1990s and 2000s were raised by “helicopter parents", who were always there to guide and help their children with a busy schedule filled with homework and after-class activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports. With parents who do everything for them, today’s youth seem to prefer to live like teenagers even when they are in their 20s or 30s. With these taken into account, does the face down generation need a warning? Well, probably not. The fact is that many of today’s teenagers are better educated and more creative than past generations. They seem to be enthusiastic and willing to be become leaders. More young people than ever volunteer to help their communities. There are also brave young people such as Malala Yousafzai, the teenager who won the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize for pushing girls’ rights to go to school. So if you’re one of the oh-ohs, there are reasons to be hopeful about the future. Things are looking up for the face-down generation. Chances are that you will do GR8 (great) and LOL (laugh out loud). 4. Which of the following words can not be used to describe the oh-ohs? A. Creative. B. Caring. C. Ignorant. D. Intelligent. 5. What does the underlined phrase “helicopter parents” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. parents who are rich and travel by helicopter. B. parents who always watch over their children. C. parents who have a very busy schedule. D. parents who only turn up when necessary. 6. What can we learn from the passage? A. The writer is a member of the face-down generation. B. The writer is optimistic about the future of the oh-ohs. C. The oh-ohs are more good-looking than their parents. D. The oh-ohs care about nothing other than their phones. 7. What can be a best title for the passage? A. The “helicopter parents” B. The over-worried parents - 7 - C. The spoiled generation D. The face-down generation 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇议论文，论述了成年人对于 00 后的担忧。作者认为 00 后受过更好的教育和更有 创造力，也能关爱他人，对他们的未来充满了希望。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“That would make you young, creative, connected, global, and no doubt smart. ”以及第四段中“More young people than ever volunteer to help their communities. ”可知，作者认为 00 后有创造力、聪明、关爱他人。文中没有关于 00 后 ignorant 的描述。故选 C 项。 【5 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段中关于 helicopter parents 后定语从句的描述“… who were always there to guide and help their children with a busy schedule filled with homework and after-class activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports. ”可知，“直升机父母” 是指总是在那里指导和帮助他们的孩子，让孩子的日程安排充满了家庭作业和课后活动。从 guide and help 可知，“直升机父母”是总是监管孩子的父母。故选 B 项。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“So if you’re one of the oh-ohs, there are reasons to be hopeful about the future. ” 可知，作者认为 00 后的未来充满了希望。作者对 00 后 的未来还是很乐观的。故选 B 项。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句提出“But what do other people think about your generation? ”，下文论述了成年人对于 00 后的种种担忧，认为他们经常使用手机，称他们 是“脸朝下”的一代，也担心“直升机父母” 将他们宠坏了。作者认为 00 后受过更好的教 育和更有创造力，也能关爱他们，对他们的未来充满希望。 因此文章是讨论关于 00 后的不 同的看法。故选 D 项。 【点睛】词义猜测之根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测。 有时文章中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释，包括标点符 号，如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。这都是判断该词或 - 8 - 短语意义的主要依据。例如： （1）Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating it and then letting it cool very slowly. （分析：句子给了 annealing 一个明确的定义，可以猜测意思为“退火”。 ） （2）It will be very hard but also very brittle — that is, it will break easily. （分析：从 that is(也就是说)后的解释中我们可以了解到，brittle 意思为“脆的”。） （3）Some good readers find it helpful to use their sense to visualize — or picture — what they read. （分析）visualize 的意思由破折号后的 picture(想象)给出了说明，可猜测意思为“想象”。 如本题第 2 小题，根据 helicopter parents 后定语从句 who were always there to guide and help their children with a busy schedule filled with homework and after-class activities such as dancing, drawing, or sports 可以猜测，“直升机父母”是指对的孩 子管得过多的父母 。 C The English-language version of Wikipedia has almost six million articles. And if you’re a cheating student, that’s six million essays already written for you. But plagiarism isn’t really an effective way—just type the text into a search engine and the game is over. Then what about having a ghostwriter compose your final essay? “Standard plagiarism software cannot detect this kind of cheating.” said Stephan Lorenzen, a data analyst at the University of Copenhagen. In Denmark, where he’s based, ghostwriting is a growing problem at high schools. So Lorenzen and his colleagues created a program called Ghostwriter that can detect the cheats. At its central part is a neural network trained and tested on 130,000 real essays from 10,000 Danish students. After reading through tens of thousands of essays labeled as being written by the same author or not, the machine taught itself to possess the characteristics that might spot cheating. For example, did a student’s essays share the same styles of punctuation? The same spelling mistakes? By examining inconsistencies like those, Ghostwriter was able to seek out a cheated essay nearly 90 percent of the time. The team presented the results at the European Meeting on Artificial Neural Networks, Computational Intelligence and - 9 - Machine Learning. There’s one more aspect here that could help students. Your high school essays probably get better over time as you learn to write and the machine can detect that. The final idea is to detect students who are at risk because their development in writing style isn’t as you would expect. Teachers could thus give extra help to kids who really need it, while sniffing out the cheaters too. 8. When a student wants to cheat in writing an essay, ________. A. his cheating may be detected in a certain way B. essays offered by Wikipedia can’t be downloaded C. he won’t hire a ghostwriter to write one for himself D. ghostwriting can be detected by standard plagiarism software 9. Which aspect of the program “Ghostwriter” is talked about in Paragraph 3? A. Its components. B. Its weaknesses. C. Its influences. D. Its working theory. 10. Which one of the following is the function of “Ghostwriter”? A. It never fails to find out a cheated essay. B. It can detect a student’s progress in writing. C. It can help a student to correct his pronunciation. D. It can give extra help instead of teachers. 11. Where is the text most likely from? A. A guidebook. B. A magazine. C. A novel. D. A diary. 【答案】8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文章主要讲述了针对剽窃行为而制定出的一款软件 Ghostwriter，可以帮 助检测出作弊者，同时解释说明了该程序的工作原理和其他作用。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 And if you’re a cheating student, that’s six million essays already written for you. But plagiarism isn’t really an effective way—just type the text into a search engine and the game is over.可知如果你是个作弊的学生，已经 有 600 万篇论文为你写好了。但是剽窃并不是一种有效的方式——只要在搜索引擎中输入文 - 10 - 字，游戏就结束了。由此可知，当一个学生想在写作中作弊时，他的作弊行为可能会在某种 程度上被发现。故选 A。 【9 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段 At its central part is a neural network trained and tested on 130,000 real essays from 10,000 Danish students. After reading through tens of thousands of essays labeled as being written by the same author or not, the machine taught itself to possess the characteristics that might spot cheating. For example, did a student’s essays share the same styles of punctuation? The same spelling mistakes?可知它的中心部分是一个神经网络，对来自 1 万名丹麦学生的 13 万篇真实论文进 行训练和测试。在阅读了数万篇被标为同一作者或非同一作者所写的文章后，该机器自学了 识别作弊行为的特征。例如，一个学生的文章是否使用了相同的标点符号？同样的拼写错误？ 由此可知，第 3 段谈到了 Ghostwriter 这个程序的工作原理。故选 D。 【10 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Your high school essays probably get better over time as you learn to write and the machine can detect that.可知随着时间的推移，你的高中论 文可能会越来越好，因为你学会了写作，而机器可以察觉到这一点。由此可知，B 选项“可以 检测学生在写作方面的进步”是 Ghostwriter 的功能。故选 B。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中 In Denmark, where he’s based, ghostwriting is a growing problem at high schools. So Lorenzen and his colleagues created a program called Ghostwriter that can detect the cheats.可知在他所在的丹麦，代写在高中越来越成问题。 所以 Lorenzen 和他的同事们发明了一个名为 Ghostwriter 的程序，可以检测出作弊者。结合 本文章主要讲述了针对剽窃行为而制定出的一款软件，可以帮助检测出作弊者，同时解释说 明了该程序的工作原理和其他作用。由此可推知，文章应当是选自一本杂志。故选 B。 D What defines who we are? Our habits? Our tastes? Our memories? Like many other people who speak more than one language, I often sense that I’ m a slightly different person in each of my languages — more confident in English, more relaxed in French, more sensitive in Czech. Is it possible that, my moral compass also points in somewhat different directions depending on the language I’ m using at the time? - 11 - Psychologists who study moral judgments have become very interested in this question. In a research led by Albert Costa, volunteers were presented with a moral dilemma known as the “trolleybus problem”: imagine that a trolleybus is moving quickly towards a group of five people standing on the tracks, unable to move. You are next to a switch that can shift the trolleybus to a different set of tracks, therefore sparing the five people, but resulting in the death of one who is standing on the side tracks. Do you pull the switch? Most people agree that they would. But what if the only way to stop the trolleybus is by pushing a large stranger off a footbridge into its path? People tend to be very hesitant to say they would do this, even though in both situations, one person is sacrificed to save five. But Costa and his colleagues found that putting the dilemma in a language that volunteers had learned as a foreign tongue dramatically increased their willingness to push the person off the footbridge, from fewer than 20% of respondents working in their native language to about 50% of those using the foreign one. According to one explanation, such judgments involve two separate and competing ways of thinking—one of these, a quick, natural “feeling”, and the other, careful consideration about the greatest good for the greatest number. When we use a foreign language, we unconsciously sink into the more cautious way simply because the effort of operating in our non-native language signals our cognitive system to prepare for difficult situation. An alternative explanation is the differences between native and foreign tongues. There’s strong evidence that memory connects a language with the experiences and interactions through which that language was learned. Our childhood languages, learned in the middle of passionate emotion, become filled with deep feeling. By comparison, languages acquired late in life, especially if they are learned through limited interactions in the classroom or dully delivered over computer screens and headphones, enter our minds lacking the emotionality that is present for their native speakers. 12. What does “this question” in Paragraph 2 refer to? - 12 - A. What can contribute to improving one’s foreign language? B. Is it necessary to learn more than one foreign language? C. How do people deal with moral dilemmas in a foreign language? D. Does the language one uses influence one’s moral judgments? 13. When the “trolleybus problem” was presented in a foreign language, volunteers were more likely to ________. A. sacrifice the stranger on the footbridge B. care less about the five people C. pull the switch to the side tracks D. remain hesitant about what to do 14. What can be inferred from the passage? A. People who speak more than one language are less emotional than others. B. Native language learning involves greater emotional reactions. C. Moral judgments made in a foreign language are more careless. D. Foreign language learning can be promoted by academic settings. 15. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To provide guidance on how to shape our life. B. To stress the importance of judging in a foreign language. C. To suggest a way of learning a foreign language. D. To state the influence of a foreign language on moral judgments. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了一项研究发现一个人使用的语言会影响他的道德判断，文 章介绍了这一研究的过程，以及研究发现人们在使用外语时更加谨慎，而母语时会比使用外 语时更充满感情和同情心。同时解释了这一现象的原因。 【12 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第一段最后一句 Is it possible that, my moral compass also points in somewhat different directions depending on the language I’ m using at the time? 可知有没有可能，我的道德指南针也会因为我当时使用的语言而指向不同的方向？由此可知， 研究道德判断的心理学家对一个人使用的语言是否会影响他的道德判断问题非常感兴趣。第 2 段中的“this question”指的是“一个人使用的语言会影响他的道德判断吗？”故选 D。 【13 题详解】 - 13 - 细节理解题。根据第三段中 But Costa and his colleagues found that putting the dilemma in a language that volunteers had learned as a foreign tongue dramatically increased their willingness to push the person off the footbridge 可知但 Costa 和他的同事们发 现，将困境放在志愿者学过的外语中，大大增加了他们将人推下人行天桥的意愿……由此可 知，当“无轨电车问题”用外语表述时，志愿者更有可能牺牲行人桥上的陌生人。故选 A。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中 Our childhood languages, learned in the middle of passionate emotion, become filled with deep feeling. By comparison, languages acquired late in life, especially if they are learned through limited interactions in the classroom or dully delivered over computer screens and headphones, enter our minds lacking the emotionality that is present for their native speakers.可知我们 的童年语言，是在充满激情的情感中学习的，变得充满深情。相比之下，后天习得的语言， 特别是通过课堂上有限的互动或通过电脑屏幕和耳机枯燥地传授的语言，进入我们的脑海时， 就会缺乏母语使用者所具有的情感。由此可推知，母语学习涉及更大的情绪反应。故选 B。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。结合文章主要说明了一项研究发现一个人使用的语言会影响他的道德判断，文 章介绍了这一研究的过程，以及研究发现人们在使用外语时更加谨慎，而母语时会比使用外 语时更充满感情和同情心。同时解释了这一现象的原因。由此可推知，作者写这篇文章的目 的是说明外语对道德判断的影响。故选 D。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Rising through stages to realize ourselves Many modern people have the problem that they don’t know who they are and what their purpose is. ___16___. Once high school seniors graduate, they seem to lose their identity. They once studied hard. But after they stop working, they begin to lose their way. In the theory of the Hierarchy of Needs (需求理论), Abraham Maslo, put forward a similar situation, which consists of the five levels of a person’s need. The fifth and final level is self-realization, which is where our final achievement lies. ___17___. - 14 - I think self-realization has three major aspects. The first stage is acceptance, the second stage is discovery and the last stage is perseverance. Acceptance is the first stage. We should be reminded that we are all born unique, so we all have our own strengths and weaknesses. Only when we understand these, can we pursue them or change them. ___18___. Once we’ve accepted ourselves, we can discover what we are interested in and what we want to be. ___19___ but indeed we should live for ourselves. So before we start working towards a purpose, we should ask ourselves “Is this what we truly desire?” and “Is this going to change the situation we’re in?” The last stage is perseverance. ___20___. Those who can self-realize are people who focus on the things they want to change. Through the three stages, we could gain recognition of ourselves. And by this point, whatever our lives were like, we would be able to stand tall, confident of ourselves. A. It’s nothing to a man of perseverance B. Only by acceptance of the past can we change it C. This is especially common among college students D. Many people tend to go along with social expectations E. Being objective and yet tolerant is the key to acceptance F. It is the process of knowing ourselves and finding a purpose G. Exploring our potential isn’t going to be done in a short time 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. E 19. D 20. G 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了实现自我的三个阶段。 【16 题详解】 空前说许多现代人有一个问题，他们不知道自己是谁，不知道自己的目的是什么，空后又说 一旦高中毕业，他们似乎就失去了自己的身份，此处需要一个过渡句，把这种现象与大学生 联系起来，故 C 项（这在大学生中尤其普遍）符合语境。 【17 题详解】 空前说第五个也是最后一个层次，是自我实现，这是我们最终的成就所在，此处总结上文， - 15 - 讲的是第五个层次是一个自我实现的过程，故 F 项（这是认识我们自己并找到目标的过程） 符合语境。 【18 题详解】 空前说我们应该被提醒，我们都是独一无二的，所以我们都有自己的优点和缺点，只有当我 们理解了这些，我们才能追求它们或改变它们，这说明我们要客观并且宽容地看待自己的优 点和缺点，只有这样我们才能接受自己，故 E 项（客观和宽容是接受的关键）符合语境。 【19 题详解】 空后说但我们确实应该为自己而活，转折连词 but 表明此处会提到与“为自己而活”相反的 一种做法，故 D 项（许多人倾向于顺应社会的期望）符合语境。 【20 题详解】 空前说最后一个阶段是坚持，因此此处是说挖掘我们的潜力（实现自我）不是一朝一夕的事 情，故 G 项（挖掘我们的潜力不是短期内就能完成的）符合语境。 二、完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空 白处的最 佳选项。 I was born into a family of educators. Growing up, I_____21_____ stories about my grandfather, a headmaster in Guyana. His wife was a teacher. My father and mother continued the ____22____, teaching at the secondary school levels. As we ____23____ National Teacher Appreciation Week, I was _____24_____ by Charles Blow’s Op-Ed column in The New York Times to ____25____ two teachers who had never failed me: my parents. I hardly remember a period when my parents were not engaged in the act of _____26_____ and teaching. When I was born in 1991, my dad, William Panaram, was trying to_____27_____a doctor’s degree in plant science in North Dakota. After we _____28_____ to the Bronx, New York, my mom, Dhanwanti Panaram, started night _____29_____ to get a master’s degree in nutrition. ______30______ my mom studied, she also managed a full-time job, raised me, and learned a new city. As I watched their schooling ______31______, I learned that receiving an ______32______ meant much more than getting high grades. In fact, a true education has meaning when its learners ______33______. Both my parents show me daily how to live as a good ______34______. Both teach - 16 - me how to love. My parents—my educators for life—make it ______35______ that a teacher’s job is ______36______ the classroom. A meaningful teacher stays with students ______37______ , in mind or in person. I am determined to be a teacher myself, helping young students think freely and ______38______ their own ideas, which is a _____39_____ of living, learning, and loving with my first teachers. National Teacher Appreciation Week might come around once a year, but the reality is that every single day we need to thank those who_____40_____more about others than they do about themselves. Who will you thank today? 21. A. told B. heard C. made D. wrote 22. A. culture B. custom C. tradition D. job 23. A. celebrated B. shared C. congratulated D. reported 24. A. beaten B. praised C. read D. inspired 25. A. treat B. entertain C. recognize D. thank 26. A. acting B. learning C. feeding D. supporting 27. A. consult B. abandon C. admire D. acquire 28. A. turned B. referred C. moved D. settled 29. A. clubs B. classes C. bands D. films 30. A. But B. Because C. While D. Although 31. A. experiences B. movements C. positions D. benefits 32. A. instruction B. examination C. education D. award 33. A. take back B. give back C. look back D. call back 34. A. learner B. believer C. conductor D. performer 35. A. independent B. important C. necessary D. clear 36. A. beyond B. across C. inside D. to 37. A. even B. forever C. before D. once 38. A. stop B. accept C. receive D. develop 39. A. purpose B. decision C. result D. chance 40. A. care B. wait C. account D. look - 17 - 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. A 【解析】 【分析】 本文是夹叙夹议文。作者出生于教育世家，从小受家庭影响，尤其是父母终身学习的影响， 明白了接受教育的意义远不止获得高分，一个有意义的老师会永远和学生在一起。作者在文 中表达了对父母的感激之情。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我出生在一个教育世家。从小到大，我听过我祖父的故事，他是 圭亚那的一名校长。A. told 告诉；B. heard 听到；C. made 制造；D. wrote 写。此处指听 到关于祖父的故事，故选 B。 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的妻子是一名教师。我的父亲和母亲延续了这一传统，在中学 教书。A. culture 文化；B. custom 习惯；C. tradition 传统；D. job 工作。祖父是校长， 祖母是教师，父母也都是教师，此处指父母延续了当教师的传统。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们庆祝全国教师感恩周的时候，我受到了 Charles Blow 在《纽 约时报》专栏的启发，感谢两位从未让我失望过的老师:我的父母。A. celebrated 庆祝；B. shared 分享；C. congratulated 祝贺；D. reported 报道。此处指庆祝全国教师感恩周活动， 故选 A。 【24 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们庆祝全国教师感恩周的时候，我受到了 Charles Blow 在《纽 约时报》专栏的启发，感谢两位从未让我失望过的老师:我的父母。A. beaten 打败；B. praised 赞扬；C. read 读；D. inspired 激发，鼓舞。作者受《纽约时报》专栏的启发，借 庆祝全国教师感恩周的机会感谢父母。故选 D。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们庆祝全国教师感恩周的时候，我受到了 Charles Blow 在《纽 约时报》专栏的启发，感谢两位从未让我失望过的老师:我的父母。A. treat 对待；B. entertain 娱乐，招待；C. recognize 认出，识别；D. thank 感谢。根据下文 Both teach me how to love. - 18 - My parents—my educators for life 和最后一段 we need to thank those 可知是感谢父母。 故选 D。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我几乎不记得父母有一段时间没有从事学习和教学活动。A. acting 表演；B. learning 学习；C. feeding 饲养；D. supporting 支持。通过下文父母攻读学位可 知他们时刻在学习，故选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1991 年我出生的时候，我的父亲 William 正在北达科他州攻读植 物科学博士学位。A. consult 咨询，请教；B. abandon 遗弃，放弃；C. admire 钦佩，赞美； D. acquire 获得，取得。指获得学位，故选 D。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们搬到纽约布朗克斯区后，我妈妈 Dhanwanti 开始上夜校，以 获得营养学硕士学位。A. turned 转动；B. referred 涉及，参考；C. moved 搬家；D. settled 定居，解决。和 to 搭配，指搬家到某地，故选 C。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们搬到纽约布朗克斯区后，我妈妈 Dhanwanti 开始上夜校，以 获得营养学硕士学位。A. clubs 俱乐部；B. classes 课；C. bands 乐队；D. films 电影。 根据 to get a master’s degree 可知是在夜校上课，故选 B。 【30 题详解】 考查连词辨析。句意：在我母亲学习的同时，她还管理着一份全职工作，抚养我，并了解一 个新的城市。A. But 但是；B. Because 因为；C. While 在……期间，尽管；D. Although 尽 管。此处指母亲获得营养学硕士学位期间，故选 C。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到他们的求学经历时，我明白了接受教育的意义远不止获 得高分。A. experiences 经历，经验；B. movements 运动；C. positions 位置； D. benefits 利益，好处。此处指父母求学的经历，继续深造的经历。故选 A。 【32 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到他们的求学经历时，我明白了接受教育的意义远不止获 得高分。A. instruction 指令，命令；B. examination 考试；C. education 教育；D. award 奖。根据下文 a true education has meaning 可知是教育的意义，故选 C。 - 19 - 【33 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：事实上，真正的教育只有在学习者回馈的时候才有意义。A. take back 拿回，撤销；B. give back 回馈，归还；C. look back 回顾；D. call back 回电话， 收回。此处指学习者的回馈，故选 B。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母每天都教我如何成为一个好的学习者。A. learner 学习 者；B. believer 信徒；C. conductor 指挥；D. performer 表演者。与上文 a true education has meaning when its learners 呼应，作者认为父母是好的学习者。故选 A。 【35 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的父母——我一生的教育工作者——清楚地告诉我，教师的 工作不仅仅是在教室里。A. independent 独立的；B. important 重要的；C. necessary 必要 的；D. clear 清楚的。父母通过自身行为让作者清楚明白了教育的意义，故选 D。 【36 题详解】 考查介词辨析。句意：我的父母——我一生的教育工作者——清楚地告诉我，教师的工作不 仅仅是在教室里。A. beyond 超过；B. across 穿过；C. inside 在……里面；D. to 对于， 朝。根据下文 A meaningful teacher stays with students forever , in mind or in person. 可知教师的工作是超出教室的，故选 A。 【37 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：一个有意义的老师会永远和学生在一起，无论是在心里还是在身 边。A. even 甚至；B. forever 永远；C. before 以前，过去；D. once 一次，曾经。根据 in mind or in person 可知是永远和学生在一起，故选 B。 【38 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决心成为一名教师，帮助年轻学生自由思考，发展自己的想法， 这是我和我的启蒙老师一起生活、学习和热爱的结果。A. stop 停止；B. accept 接受， 承认；C. receive 收到；D. develop 发展，进步。根据 think freely 和 their own ideas 可知是鼓励学生发展自己的观点，故选 D。 【39 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决心成为一名教师，帮助年轻学生自由思考，发展自己的想法， 这是我和我的启蒙老师一起生活、学习和热爱的结果。A. purpose 目的；B. decision 决定； C. result 结果；D. chance 机会。此处指作者的决心是受父母长期影响的结果，故选 C。 - 20 - 【40 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：全国教师感恩周可能每年举行一次，但现实是，每一天我们都需 要感谢那些关心别人胜过关心自己的人。A. care 关心；B. wait 等待；C. account 解释，导 致；D. look 看。与上文 A meaningful teacher stays with students forever , in mind or in person.呼应，care about“关心”，故选 A。 【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要 遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，小题 5 根据下文 Both teach me how to love. My parents—my educators for life 和最后一段 we need to thank those 可知是感谢父母。故 选 thank。小题 12 根据下文 a true education has meaning 可知此处是指教育的意义，故选 education。小题 14 与上文 a true education has meaning when its learners 呼应，作者认为父母是好的学 习者。故选 learner。 第Ⅱ卷 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第二节（共 10 小题；每题 1.5 分，共 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China announced on Monday it will provide $2 billion over two years to help to battle COVID-19, _____41_____ has affected over 7 billion people and taken over 300,000 lives ____42____ (globe) and with economic and social development in affected countries, especially developing countries. ___43___ (give) that some African countries have weak public health systems, supplying more material, technological and personnel support ____44____ them must be the top priority in COVID-19 response. Since the outbreak, China _____45_____ (send) a tremendous quantity of medical supplies and ___46___ (assist) as well as five Chinese _____47_____ (medicine) expert teams to over 50 African countries. Besides, China is ready to work with the international community to help_____48_____ hardest-hit countries under the greatest pressure from debt . With the virus still raging, the most urgent task is _____49_____ (make) all-out efforts in COVID-19 control and treatment. We must always put the people - 21 - first , ______50______ nothing in the world is more precious than people’s lives. 【答案】41. which 42. globally 43. Given 44. to 45. has sent 46. assistance 47. medical 48. the 49. to make 50. because/as/ for/ since 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国面对新冠病毒的做法。 【41 题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：中国周一宣布将在未来两年内提供 20 亿美元帮助抗击新型冠 状病毒肺炎，这场灾难已经影响了全球 70 多亿人，夺走了 30 多万人的生命，并且影响了特 别是发展中国家的经济和社会发展。分析句子可知，先行词为 COVID-19，在从句中作主语， 且本句为非限制性定语从句，因此引导词只能用 which。故填 which。 【42 题详解】 考查副词。句意：中国周一宣布将在未来两年内提供 20 亿美元帮助抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎， 这场灾难已经影响了全球 70 多亿人，夺走了 30 多万人的生命，并且影响了特别是发展中国 家的经济和社会发展。分析句子可知，修饰动词 lives 用 globe 的副词形式 globally。故填 globally。 【43 题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：鉴于一些非洲国家的公共卫生系统薄弱，提供更多的物质、技术和人 员支持使其成为应对新型冠状病毒肺炎的首要任务。given that 为固定搭配，意为“鉴于”。 故填 Given。 【44 题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：鉴于一些非洲国家的公共卫生系统薄弱，提供更多的物质、技术和人 员支持使其成为应对新型冠状病毒肺炎的首要任务。短语 supply sth. to sb.为固定搭配， 意为“向某人提供某物”。故填 to。 【45 题详解】 - 22 - 考查时态。句意：自疫情爆发以来，中国向 50 多个非洲国家提供了大量的医疗物资和援助， 并派出了 5 个中国医疗专家小组。结合前文 Since the outbreak 自疫情爆发以来，可知此句 用现在完成时态，且主语为第三人称单数。故填 has sent。 【46 题详解】 考查名词。句意：自疫情爆发以来，中国向 50 多个非洲国家提供了大量的医疗物资和援助， 并派出了 5 个中国医疗专家小组。分析句子可知，此处 and 连接两个并列成分，结合名词 supplies，可知所填空处应填 assist 的名词形式 assistance。故填 assistance。 【47 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：自疫情爆发以来，中国向 50 多个非洲国家提供了大量的医疗物资和援助， 并派出了 5 个中国医疗专家小组。分析句子可知，修饰名词 expert teams，用 medicine 的形 容词形式 medical。故填 medical。 【48 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：另外，中国在巨大的债务压力下，同国际社会一道共同帮助受灾最严重的 国家。分析句子，结合所填空后最高级形式 hardest-hit countries，特指那些受灾最严重的 国家，用定冠词 the。故填 the。 【49 题详解】 考查不定式。句意：随着病毒的肆虐，最紧迫的任务是全力控制和治疗 COVID-19。分析句子 可知，此处不定式 to 作表语，动词用原形。故填 to make。 【50 题详解】 考查连词。句意：我们必须始终把人民放在第一位，因为世界上没有什么比人的生命更宝贵。 前文描述 We must always put the people first 我们必须始终把人民放在第一位，后文描 述 nothing in the world is more precious than people’s lives 世界上没有什么比人的 生命更宝贵，前后文具有明显的因果关系。故填 because/as/ for/ since。 第四部分 写作（共两节；满分 35 分） 第一节 短文改错（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(  )，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用(＼) 划掉。 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 - 23 - 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 To whom it may concern, I am one of your customer. I am unwilling to complain, and your service really annoys me. I order a set of Bookworm Series on your website the other day, but not until yesterday I receive it. Much to my disappointment, the books were so poorly packed up that the cover of one book was torn. To make matters bad, it was not a complete set, as I found one book missed. I am sorry to have received such poor service. I believe I have every right to ask you to deal with a problem. I hope that you either return my money back or deliver a new set of books to me. Therefore, I’d like to be informed of the process of your dealing with my complain. Looking forward to your reply. Sincerely, Wang Ling 【答案】1. customer→customers 2. and→but 3. order→ ordered 4. yesterday 后加 did 5. bad → worse 6. missed→missing 7. a→ the /this 8. back 去掉 9. Therefore→ Besides 10. complain→ complaint 【解析】 【分析】 本文为一篇书信。作者网购了一套书，遭遇较差服务、书籍缺少和封面破损等情况。作者写 信要求卖家解决问题。 【详解】1．考查可数名词单复数。句意：我是你的一个顾客。此处是 one of 句型指“…… - 24 - 之一”，后面接可数名词的复数形式。故将 customer 改为 customers。 2．考查连词。句意：我不想抱怨，但是你们的服务真的惹恼了我。前句 I am unwilling to complain 我不想抱怨，后句 your service really annoys me 你的服务真的惹恼了我，两句 话之间是转折关系。故将 and 改为 but。 3．考查时态。句意：前几天我在你们网站上订购了一系列书虫系列的书，但直到昨天我才收 到。结合前文 the other day 前几天，可知该句描述的是过去的事情，故该句应用一般过去 时，动词用过去式。故将 order 改为 ordered。 4．考查倒装句。句意：前几天我在你们网站上订购了一系列书虫系列的书，但直到昨天我才 收到。分析句子可知，当 not until 用于句首时，句子应该部分倒装，将助动词调到主语前 面，且事情发生在过去，用助动词 did。故 yesterday 后加 did。 5．考查形容词的比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，这不是一套完整的，我发现有一本书丢了。结 合语境可知，我发现有一本书丢了，这是更糟糕的，bad 应用比较级形式。故 bad 改为 worse。 6．考查形容词。句意：更糟糕的是，这不是一套完整的，我发现有一本书丢了。分析句子可 知，此处指一本书丢了，missing 作宾补，解释说明 book 的状态。故 missed 改为 missing. 7．考查冠词。句意：我相信我有权力要求你处理这个问题。分析句子可知，这个问题特指上 午提到的问题，特指要用定冠词 the，或表示这个问题用 this。故 a 改为 the /this。 8．考查动词。句意：我希望你要么把我的钱还给我，要么给我寄一套新的书。句中 return 指“归还”，后面加 back 重复。故去掉 back。 9．考查副词。句意：此外，我想知道你处理我投诉的过程。Therefore 意为“因此”，表示 原因；Besides 意为“此外”，表示递进，此处表示递进，故 Therefore 改为 Besides。 10．考查名词。句意：此外，我想知道你处理我投诉的过程。分析句子可知，with 作为介词， 后面应加名词，因此要用 complain 的名词形式。故 complain 改为 complaint。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是学生会主席李华。学校将举办以“Changes in My City”为主题的作品展评活动。 优秀作品将在校园网上展示。请你用英语写一份书面通知，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 作品形式（绘画、摄影、音乐等）； 3. 作品要求（原创、紧扣主题）； 4. 截止日期：6 月 25 日; 作品发送至邮箱: hilihua163.com。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； - 25 - 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Notice ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________ Student Union 【答案】Notice An exciting event “Changes in My City” is around the corner. Every one of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and gives full play to your talent and skills. Note that your contributions should present the changes of our city. The following contribution forms are suggested: painting, calligraphy, photograph, music, folk art and so on. All the works are expected to be original and positive. Excellent collections will be shown on the campus net. All the students are welcome to send your artworks to hilihua163.com by June 25. Your contributions will certainly make the event a huge success. Come on, everybody! It’ s your show time. Student Union 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一份书面通知，通知同学们参加“Changes in My City” 为主题的作品展评活动。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 - 26 - 要求： 1. 活动目的； 2. 作品形式（绘画、摄影、音乐等）； 3. 作品要求（原创、紧扣主题）； 4. 截止日期：6 月 25 日; 作品发送至邮箱: hilihua163.com。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） around the corner；be expected to；give full play to；contribution forms；are welcome to 第三步：连词成句 1. Every one of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and gives full play to your talent and skills. 2. All the works are expected to be original and positive. 3. Your contributions will certainly make the event a huge success. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although + clause(从句), In spite of + n/doing , On the one hand, On the other hand, while, as for 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了定语从句，如：Every one of you is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and gives full play to your talent and skills.这句话先行词为 event，which 在句中作主语引导从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句 式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为 - 27 - 文章增色添彩。 - 28 -