江苏省苏北四市2020-2021学年高三第一次质量检测英语试题 Word版含解析

江苏省苏北四市2020-2021学年高三第一次质量检测英语试题 Word版含解析

江苏苏北四市(徐州市、淮安市、连云港市、宿迁市) 高三第一次质量检测 第一部分：听力 第一节：每小题 1.5 分 1. How does the woman check the weather? A. She uses her phone. B. She listens to the radio. C. She watches television. 2. What will the boy do tonight? A. Study for an exam. B. Practice debating. C. Watch a basketball game. 3. Why doesn’t the boy use the method the woman gave? A. He doesn’t understand it. B. He doesn’t have it yet. C. He doesn’t like it. 4. What are the speakers doing? A. Deciding the best player. B. Coming up with a plan. C. Scheduling the game. 5. Where are the speakers? A. At a store. B. At a bank. C. At a park. 第二节：每小题 1.5 分 6. How does the woman probably feel? A. Indifferent. B. Excited. C. Angry. 7. Who is the boy talking to? A. A policewoman. B. His teacher. C. His mother. 8. What does Carol do when she volunteers? A. She performs for children. B. She picks up trash. C. She serves dinner. 9. How often does Carol volunteer? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 10. What does Jim worry about if he joins Carol? A. Knowing little about the story. B. Choosing a boring book. C. Reading for hours. 11. Which is a superfood according to the man? A. Yogurt B. Noodles C. Rice 12. Why are superfoods healthy? A. They cure some terrible diseases. B. They fight against some cancers. C. They reduce risks of some diseases. 13. Which food will the woman be adding to their family diet? A. Fish B. Tomatoes C. Brown rice 14. How did the man notice the problem first? A. His bank called him. B. His bill showed him. C. His credit card was declined. 15. What did the bank do to fix the problem? A. They gave the man his money back at once. B. they asked the man to provide the evidence. C. they decided to talk to the bank’s owner. 16. What do the two speakers mainly talk about? A. Information safety B. Shopping habits C. Money management 17. What does the speaker want her kids to do? A. Help with the dishes. B. Go to bed immediately C. Pick out something to wear. 18. When will the family probably need to leave their house tomorrow? A. At 7:00 am B. At 6:00am C. At 5:00am 19. Why doesn’t the speaker make dinner? A. There is no food left at home. B. She doesn’t want to make a mess. C. They have already eaten at a restaurant. 20. What is the purpose of the talk? A. To make sure everyone gets ready. B. To make the house clean. C. To make a regular plan. 第二部分 第一节：每小题 2.5 分 A Choosing where to live may be one of the biggest decisions you’ll make when you move to Sydney, but you’ll have plenty of help. Temporary arrival accommodation Before you move to Sydney, we recommend that you book a temporary place to stay. Once you get here, you can look for longer-term accommodation. --sydney.edu.au/accommodation/short-term On-campus-residential colleges (fully catered 饮食全包的) The University has eight residential colleges on the Camperdown/Darlington Campus, including International House, a residential community of global scholars. Colleges provide comfortable, fully furnished single rooms and daily meals, along with sporting, cultural, leadership and social programs. They also include on-site tutorials(辅导课) in addition to campus-based classes. --sydney.edu.au/colleges On-campus residences (self-catered 饮食自理的) The University has two self-run residences—Queen Mary Building (QMB) and Abercrombie Student Accommodation—on the Camperdown/Darlington Campus. Both just under a year old, they house up to 1000 students. These residences provide modern single-study rooms with large common living, learning and study spaces, shared kitchens, a theatre, gyms, soundproofed music rooms, art studios, sky lounges and rooftop gardens. --sydney.edu.au/campus-life/accommodation/live-on-campus.html Off-campus living More than 90 percent of our students live off campus. The University is close to many dynamic and multicultural suburbs such as Annandale, Newtown, Chippendale and Glebe. A great place to search is our large online database of properties. --sydney.edu.au/campus-life/accommodation/live-off-campus.html 1. Where can you find a place to live temporarily? A. On “sydney.edu.au/colleges”. B. On “sydney.edu.au/accommodation/short-term”. C. On “sydney.edu.au/campus-life/accommodation/live-on-campus.html”. D. On “sydney.edu.au/campus-life/accommodation/live-off-campus.html”. 2. What do students living in QMB have access to? A. Their own kitchens. B. On-site tutorials. C. Daily meals. D. Gyms. 3. What is the most popular choice among students? A. Living off campus. B. Living in host families. C. Living in self-catered flats on campus. D. Living in fully catered houses on campus. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 【解析】 本文是一篇广告布告类阅读。文章介绍了当你搬到悉尼的时候，选择在哪儿居住也许是你要 做的最大的决定之一。本文对你会有一定的帮助。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Temporary arrival accommodation 部分的 Before you move to Sydney, we recommend that you book a temporary place to stay. Once you get here, you can look for longer-term accommodation.可知，在你去悉尼以前，你可以预订一个临时居住的地方。一旦 你 到 那 里 以 后 ， 你 可 以 寻 找 长 期 居 住 的 地 方 。 再 结 合 下 面 提 供 的 网 址 信 息 --sydney.edu.au/accommodation/short-term， 可以找到答案。B 选项正确。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 On-campus residences (self-catered)部分的 These residences provide modern single-study rooms with large common living, learning and study spaces, shared kitchens, a theatre, gyms, soundproofed music rooms, art studios, sky lounges and rooftop gardens.可知，生 活在 QMB 的学生是可以进入体育馆的。故 D 选项正确。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。由 Off-campus living 部分第一句 “More than 90 percent of our students live off campus.”可推知，超过 90％的学生选择外宿。故 A 选项正确。 B The argument that human-caused carbon emissions(排放) are merely a drop in the bucket compared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has been making its way around the rumor mill for years. And while it seems to be reasonable, the science just doesn't back it up. According to the US Geological Survey (USGS), the world's volcanoes, both on land and undersea, generate about 200 million tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) annually, while our automotive and industrial activities cause some 24 billion tons of CO2 emissions every year worldwide. Despite the arguments to the contrary, the facts speak for themselves: Greenhouse gas emissions from volcanoes compose less than one percent of those generated by today's human activities. Another indication that human emissions surpass those of volcanoes is the fact that atmospheric CO2 levels, as measured by sampling stations around the world, have gone up consistently year after year regardless of whether or not there have been major volcanic eruptions in specific years. “If it were true that individual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions and were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes —one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth and regular trend.” Furthermore, some scientists believe that volcanic eruptions, like that of Mt.St. Helens in 1980 and Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, actually lead to short-term global cooling, not warming, as sulfur dioxide (SO2), ash and other particles in the air and stratosphere(平流层) reflect some solar energy instead of letting it into Earth's atmosphere. SO2, which converts to sulfuric acid aerosol, when it hits the stratosphere, can linger there for as long as seven years and can exercise a cooling effect long after a volcanic eruption has taken place. Scientists tracking the effects of the major 1991 eruption of the Philippines’ Mt. Pinatubo found that the overall effect of the blast was to cool the surface of the Earth globally by some 0.5 degrees Celsius a year later, even though rising human greenhouse gas emissions and an El Nino event caused some surface warming during the 1991-1993 study period. In an interesting twist on the issue, British researchers last year published an article in the peer reviewed scientific journal Nature showing how volcanic activity may be contributing to the melting of ice caps in Antarctica but not because of any emissions, natural or man-made. Instead, scientists Hugh Corr and David Vaughan of the British Antarctic Survey believe that volcanoes underneath Antarctica may be melting the continents ice sheets from below, just as warming air temperatures from human-induced emissions erode them from above. 4. According to Paragraph 1, some people argue that . A. their opinion is supported by science. B. volcanoes generate most of the greenhouse gases. C. human activities are to blame for greenhouse gases. D. carbon emissions produced by volcanoes are increasing. 5. What does the underlined word “spikes" in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Sudden increases. B. Smooth trends. C. Stable regularities. D. Sharp declines. 6. What do the scientists mentioned in this passage believe about volcanic eruptions? A. They brought about global warming. B. They actually partly cooled the surface of the Earth. C. They melted the ice sheets in Antarctic from above. D. They dominated human emissions in greenhouse effect. 7. The purpose of the passage is to . A. compare the results of the studies. B. contradict a view held by some people. C. present new findings for greenhouse phenomenon. D. report the effects of CO2, in greenhouse phenomenon. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【分析】 本文为议论文。文章用事实来反驳多年来人们认为火山产生了大部分的温室气体的观点。证 实了火山不仅没让地球变暖，而是一定程度上导致全球温度下降，起到冷却作用。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“The argument that human-caused carbon emissions(排放) are merely a drop in the bucket compared to greenhouse gases generated by volcanoes has been making its way around the rumor mill for years.” 多年来，与火山产生的温室气体相比，人类造成的碳 排放量只占很小的论调一直在坊间流传。由此可推断出，一些人认为是火山产生了大部分的 温室气体。故选 B。 【5 题详解】 猜测词义题。第三段的内容：根据世界各地采样站的测量表明人类排放量超过火山排放量的 一个迹象是大气中的二氧化碳水平年复一年地持续增加，而不管特定年份是否发生过重大的 火山喷发。根据划线词的 If it were true that individual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions and were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes —one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth and regular trend.”可知“如果 个别火山爆发时二氧化碳高于人类的排放，并导致二氧化碳浓度的增加，那么每一次火山喷 发都会充满“spikes”，相反的是，记录显示出二氧化碳浓度增加是“平稳而有规律的”。句 中的“instead”表示转折，表示前后意思相反。环境新闻的记者 Coby Beck 说二氧化碳浓度 的增加“记录显示出平稳的”，那么，“spikes”应该就是与之相反的“突然”的增加。分析 选项 A. Sudden increases 突然增加；B. Smooth trends 平稳的趋势； C. Stable regularities 稳定 的规律；D. Sharp declines 急剧下降。可知，A 项符合题意，故选 A。 【6 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“some scientists believe that volcanic eruptions, like that of Mt.St. Helens in 1980 and Mt. Pinatubo in 1991, actually lead to short-term global cooling, not warming”一些科学家认为，火山喷发，像在 1980 和 1991 的火山爆发，实际上在短期内导 致短期全球冷却，而不是变暖。由此可知，火山实际上在一定程度上冷却了地球表面。分析 选项可知 B 项符合题意，故选 B。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。本文第一段提出：多年来，人们认为与火山产生的温室气体相比，人为碳排放 只是沧海一粟，非常小， 但在科学上却是错误的。接着下文对此进行批判的同时提出了新 的发现，即火山的爆发却能一定程度地导致全球温度下降，起到冷却作用。即反驳了某些人 的观点。这篇文章的目的是反驳一些人所持的观点。故选 B。 【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词 语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词 方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结 合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。例如第 2 小题词义猜测题。第三段的内容： 根据世界各地采样站的测量表明人类排放量超过火山排放量的一个迹象是大气中的二氧化 碳水平年复一年地持续增加，而不管特定年份是否发生过重大的火山喷发。根据划线词的 If it were true that individual volcanic eruptions dominated human emissions and were causing the rise in carbon dioxide concentrations, then these carbon dioxide records would be full of spikes —one for each eruption,” says Coby Beck, a journalist writing for online environmental news. “Instead, such records show a smooth and regular trend.”可知“如果个别火山爆发时二氧化碳高于人类的排放，并导 致二氧化碳浓度的增加，那么每一次火山喷发都会充满“spikes”，相反的是，记录显示出 二氧化碳浓度增加是“平稳而有规律的”。 句中的“instead”表示转折，表示前后意思相 反。环境新闻的记者 Coby Beck 说二氧化碳浓度的增加“记录显示出平稳的”，那么， “spikes”应该就是与之相反的“突然”的增加。分析选项 A. Sudden increases 突然增加； B. Smooth trends 平稳的趋势； C. Stable regularities 稳定的规律；D. Sharp declines 急剧下降。可知，A 项符合题意，故选 A。 C To move visual technology into the future, sometimes it helps to make a little noise. Researchers have used sound waves to produce floating 3-D images, create a sense of touch and even supply a soundtrack. Since the 1940s, scientists have toyed with the concept of acoustic levitation(声悬浮), the use of soundwave vibrations to trap tiny things in midair. The technology has gained greater capabilities in the past decade. Some researchers believe this improvement could lead to applications such as contributing to novel 3-D printing methods, or creating displays that would be visible from any angle without requiring a screen. Other researchers have also worked on visual displays that use acoustic levitation. In addition to visuals, the system can also produce audible noise to give the display a soundtrack. And the ultrasound speakers can also concentrate vibrations in one spot so that a finger might feel a sense pushing back—a little like the object shown by the floating image is really there. Soundwaves create a 3-D display! Display without a screen is remarkably useful. It means that everybody in the room can see the image—any angle, location—and that’s extremely helpful. As a communications system, such a display might one day allow users to chat with a 3-D projection(投影) of a person who can turn his or her head to follow as they move around a room. The display will require a lot more work before you can install it in your living room, however. So far, this has been done in the research laboratory. We need to push it a little bit harder. We need to do more analysis to see if it would make sense to create a real display that people would have at home. The current system can only show simple graphics, such as a smiley face or figure eight, in real time. Still, we are optimistic about the potential for this type of technology. If the system had only one speaker-covered surface instead of two, it could generate images that are bigger than the device itself. We can’t make a TV image that’s bigger than the TV—even a projector has to have a projection screen that’s bigger than the image itself. But with a volumetric(容积的) display, a small, portable device might produce a much larger picture. We can imagine, in the future, having volumetric displays in watches, for example, that create large images that just project out of your watch. 8. From the first two paragraphs soundwave vibrations can be used to _________. A. catch very small objects in midair B. develop 3-D printer’s capabilities C. replace a creative display screen D. compose soundtracks by making no noise 9. What do we know about display without a screen? A. It has resulted in visual technology. B. It is possible to see the image from any direction. C. It is already ripe to create a real one at home. D. It has yet to be tested in the research laboratory. 10. What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A. Outlooks for the new technology. B. Situations of the modern technology. C. Praise for the cutting-edge technology. D. Room for the technical improvement. 11. What can be a suitable title for the passage? A. Hearing Is Seeing—Sound Waves Create a 3-D Display B. Seeing is Believing—3-D Printing Methods Arrive C. Advancing Sense of Touch—3-D Images Float in the Air D. Promoting TV Technology—Chat with 3-D Projections 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. A 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了研究人员利用声波产生漂浮的 3-D 图像，创造触觉，甚至提 供背景音乐。使用声悬浮的视觉显示器可以让人们从任何方向看到图像。但是实现这一技术 在家里安装仍然需要很多工作，尽管如此，人们仍然对这种技术的潜力持乐观态度。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句 Since the 1940s, scientists have toyed with the concept of acoustic levitation, the use of soundwave vibrations to trap tiny things in midair.(自 20 世纪 40 年 代以来，科学家们一直在玩弄声悬浮的概念，即利用声波振动将微小物体困在半空中)以及 前面两段的内容可知，声波振动可以用来捕捉空中的非常小的物体。故选 A。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中 It means that everybody in the room can see the image—any angle, location—and that’s extremely helpful.(这意味着房间里的每个人都能看到图像——任何角 度、位置——这非常有帮助)可知，没有屏幕的显示可以从任何方向看到图像。故选 B。 【10 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中 We can imagine, in the future, having volumetric displays in watches, for example, that create large images that just project out of your watch.(我们可以想象， 在未来，在手表上有容量显示器，例如，可以创建大的图像，从你的手表里投影出来)以及 首句 Still, we are optimistic about the potential for this type of technology.(尽管如此，我们仍然 对这类技术的潜力持乐观态度)可知，段落主要内容为讨论未来新技术的可能性，可知最后 一段主要讨论了对新技术的展望。故选 A。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段中 Researchers have used sound waves to produce floating 3-D images, create a sense of touch and even supply a soundtrack.(研究人员利用声波产生漂浮的 3-D 图像， 创造触觉，甚至提供背景音乐)以及文章主要内容为说明使用声悬浮视觉显示器，可以让人 们从任何方向看到图像。故 A 选项“听觉就是视觉——声波产生三维显示”概括文章大意， 是最佳标题。故选 A。 【点睛】概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就 通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中 心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作 者的观点才是体现全文中心的。如第四小题，根据第一段中 Researchers have used sound waves to produce floating 3-D images, create a sense of touch and even supply a soundtrack.（研 究人员利用声波产生漂浮的 3-D 图像，创造触觉，甚至提供背景音乐）以及文章主要内容 为说明使用声悬浮视觉显示器，可以让人们从任何方向看到图像。故 A 选项“听觉就是视 觉——声波产生三维显示”概括文章大意，是最佳标题。故选 A。 D When the novelist Luis Alberto Urrea was 14 or 15, he took a trip deep into Mexico. He was born in Tijuana to a Mexican father and a white American mother before moving just across the border and eventually into the San Diego suburbs. But his father thought he was becoming “too American”, and took him on a 27-hour journey to Mazatlan. Along the way, his father gave him a paperback copy of The Godfather and told him it would change his life. “I don’t think he was trying to make a case for us being criminals,” Urrea says. “But he really felt this incredible connection to the family and the traditions and the honor for the old country, as people were making their way in the US.” In his new novel The House of Broken Angels, Urrea has written his own take on the Godfather story with a Mexican-American Don Corleone figure at its center. The story takes place over two days, as Big Angel de la Cruz buries his mother and celebrates his final birthday party on earth; he knows he’s dying, and he’s gathered his extended family around him for a noisy and lively goodbye. The idea was inspired by the final birthday party of Urrea’s elder brother three years ago. Everybody was jammed in his backyard, and there was a DJ and people dancing and consuming a serious amount of American junk food — they didn’t want Mexican food, they wanted KFC and pizza. I thought, where are the tacos, dude? And my brother sat in his little chair in the middle of it. People were coming to him and kneeling, and they would thank him and kiss his hand or touch his head and tell him all the ways he had changed their lives. Urrea’s brother died of cancer within two weeks at 74, and the heartbreaking event haunted the author. He considered writing a memoir (回忆录) about it —“I was thinking about Truman Capote, when he did those tiny books about Christmas and Thanksgiving.” But his wife encouraged him to aim bigger. When he found himself seated next to the writer Jim Harrison at a dinner event, he shared the story, and Harrison said, “Sometimes God hands you a novel. You have to write it.” Urrea thought to himself, “Marching orders from Jim Harrison — this is good stuff. A kid from Tijuana doesn’t get that very often. The House of Broken Angels is a celebration of the Mexican-American family, but it also includes moments of frustration with this country’s treatment of the immigrant group. Before he got too sick to work, Big Angel worked in an office and drank coffee from a cup that read BOSS. “Yeah, the employees all got the message,” Urrea writes. “The Mexican-American was calling himself their boss.” In a grocery store, a woman screams at two of his family members that they’ll be kicked out of the country soon. “I had to bite down on the bitterness of my rage (愤怒), man!” Urrea says. “I was having some pretty serious response to Donald Trump’s confusing and empty talk. But you know, it may have shocked a lot of the United States to hear this kind of empty talk and this bald-faced racialism of politics all of a sudden, but to us, this stuff isn’t a surprise.” “I really wanted to write a tribute to my brother, to my family and to us, but it’s also a love song to the country,” Urrea says. “I think people have this weird, horrible view… that immigrants are evil snakes. People don’t understand that immigration is truly a statement of love for this country, whatever the country represents. People want to be here and work.” And with persistence, they become the boss. 12. Why did Urrea’s father give him the book The Godfather? A. He wanted Urrea to enjoy the 27-hour journey. B. He thought the book had changed his own life. C. He tried to show Urrea a real case of criminals. D. He hoped Urrea would feel connected to Mexico. 13. Urrea thought of Truman Capote because ________. A. Capote was good at writing tiny books B. Capote’s books are about Christmas C. he intended to write a memoir D. he liked reading Capote’s books 14. In the sentence “A kid from Tijuana doesn’t get that very often.” “A kid” refers to ________. A. Jim Harrison B. Luis Alberto Urrea C. Truman Capote D. Big Angel de la Cruz 15. The House of Broken Angels mainly focuses on the novelist’s________. A. love for the Mexican-American family B. life in the Mexican-American people C. mixed feelings towards American people D. mature reflection on Mexican traditions 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了小说家 Luis Alberto Urrea 的小说《破碎天使之家》的灵感来源， 和对墨西哥裔美国家庭的爱。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段中的“He was born in Tijuana to a Mexican father and a white American mother before moving just across the border and eventually into the San Diego suburbs.(他出生在 提华纳，父亲是墨西哥人，母亲是美国白人，后来越过边界来到圣地亚哥郊区)”和“Along the way, his father gave him a paperback copy of The Godfather and told him it would change his life. “I don’t think he was trying to make a case for us being criminals,” Urrea says. “But he really felt this incredible connection to the family and the traditions and the honor for the old country, as people were making their way in the US. ”(一路上，父亲给了他一本平装本《教父》，并告诉他 这将改变他的生活。“我不认为他试图证明我们是罪犯，”Urrea 说。“但他真的感觉到了 这种与家庭、传统和对这个古老国家的荣誉的不可思议的联系，因为人们在美国大行其 道。”)”可知 Urrea 祖籍是墨西哥，Urrea 父亲给的《教父》让作者感到了与墨西哥的联系， 说明父亲给书是希望 Urrea 能感受到与墨西哥的联系。故选 D 项。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段中的“He considered writing a memoir (回忆录) about it —“I was thinking about Truman Capote, when he did those tiny books about Christmas and Thanksgiving.”(他考虑过写一本回忆录，“当他写关于圣诞节和感恩节的小册子时，我在想 杜鲁门·卡波特。”)”可知 Urrea 想到了 Truman Capote，因为那时他打算写一本回忆录。 故选 C 项。 【14 题详解】 词句猜测题。由第一段中的“When the novelist Luis Alberto Urrea was 14 or 15, he took a trip deep into Mexico. He was born in Tijuana to a Mexican father and a white American mother before moving just across the border and eventually into the San Diego suburbs.(当小说家 Luis Alberto Urrea 14 或 15 岁时，他去了墨西哥的深处。他出生在提华纳，父亲是墨西哥人，母 亲是美国白人，后来越过边界来到圣地亚哥郊区)”和第五段中的“A kid from Tijuana doesn’t get that very often.(提华纳的孩子不常从那里得到)”可知，Luis Alberto Urrea 出生在 提华纳，A kid 代指 Luis Alberto Urrea。故选 B 项。 【15 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 由 倒 数 第 三 段 “The House of Broken Angels is a celebration of the Mexican-American family, but it also includes moments of frustration with this country's treatment of the immigrant group.(《破碎天使之家》是对墨西哥裔美国人家庭的颂扬，但它也 包含了对这个国家对待移民群体的失望时刻)”和最后一段中的““I really wanted to write a tribute to my brother, to my family and to us, but it’s also a love song to the country,” Urrea says.(“我真的很想为我的兄弟，我的家人和我们写一首颂歌，但这也是一首献给国家的情 歌，”Urrea 说。)”可知，Urrea 在《破碎天使之家》写了对墨西哥裔美国人家庭的颂扬， 也有失望的时刻，这是对墨西哥裔美国人家庭的颂歌，也是情歌，说明《破碎天使之家》主 要聚焦于小说家对墨西哥裔美国人家庭的爱。故选 A 项。 第二节：每小题 2.5 分 Life Lessons Life is not easy when you are pursuing something worthwhile and ready to learn from the best experiences. ____16____Here are some life lessons which people will learn the hard way in majority of cases. It takes consistent time and effort to be successful in any area. However, people usually get discouraged when it takes more time than they thought it would. At this time, people refer only to people who have already achieved what you want to be, which most people fail to do. Look at any successful person and you’ll notice one thing common in all of them. They took time to learn and mastered their skills like no one else. ____17____ Be brave to take the road less travelled. In our whole life, we always want to follow the same path that everyone suggests, do the same things everyone does, take the same career path everyone takes, wear the same clothes everyone wears, and hang out with the same people we work with. ____18____But when you get bored of life, you will realize that you are not meant to do what everyone does and that your destiny is different from anyone else’s out there in the world. But the price you pay to realize this is high because it takes a great amount of courage to follow your own path. You don’t have to live your life in a way society wants you to. ____19____Parents sometimes force their children to select a career they don’t want because other children have selected that career. Worst of all, people follow them without even asking. There is no harm in old rituals (惯例) and beliefs but when you pursue then before your interest, sooner or later you’ll realize that yon should first do what you think is right. ____20____ However, if you are smart enough to learn early and wish not to waste your precious time learning them the hard way, learn them now and apply it to your life. A. You have to break the rules sometimes. B. After al life lessons are always learned the hard way. C. There is no elevator to success; you have to take the stairs. D. The reason why we follow others is that we are scared to fail. E. It always takes tests and then fails us to learn anything worthwhile. F. The general rule goes that the harder you try, the greater results you get. G. Many old beliefs are being performed these days and are followed blindly. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. D 19. G 20. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。作者向我们介绍了需要费一番周折才能学会的 5 条生活的教训。 【16 题详解】 上文“Life is not easy when you are pursuing something worthwhile and ready to learn from the best experiences.”说明当你追求一些有价值的东西并准备从最好的经验中学习时，生活并不 容易。下文“Here are some life lessons which people will learn the hard way in majority of cases.”说明下面的这五个教训， 在大部分的情况下，人们都是下一番苦功才会学到。E 项 “It always takes tests and then fails us to learn anything worthwhile.(它总是测试我们， 让我们 通过失败来学习有价值的东西)” 能够承上启下，符合题意。其中 It 指代上文中的 Life。故 选 E。 【17 题详解】 上文“Look at any successful person and you’ll notice one thing common in all of them. They took time to learn and mastered their skills like no one else.”说明随便找出一个成功的人，你就 会发现成功人士的共同点。他们都比常人努力， 拿时间去学习并掌握技能。此处是对上几 句的总结，来说明成功的途径是什么。C 项“There is no elevator to success; you have to take the stairs. (通往成功的路上没有电梯；你需要去爬楼梯) ”符合题意。故选 C。 【18 题详解】 上文“In our whole life, we always want to follow the same path that everyone suggests, do the same things everyone does, take the same career path everyone takes, wear the same clothes everyone wears, and hang out with the same people we work with.”说明我们按着别人建议的 道路去走，去做每个人做过的事情，走别人走的职业路线，穿和别人一样的衣服，和同事一 起出去玩。此处要说明这么做的原因是什么。D 项“The reason why we follow others is that we are scared to fail. (我们总是跟随别人的原因是我们害怕失败)”符合题意。故选 D。 【19 题详解】 下文“Parents sometimes force their children to select a career they don’t want because other children have selected that career.”说明父母们有时会强迫孩子选择孩子不喜欢的专业就因为 其他孩子选择了那个专业。此处要与后句一同具体说明社会上一些不好的风气。G 项“Many old beliefs are being performed these days and are followed blindly. (许多老的规矩最近又开始 风行， 人们盲目地跟风)”符合题意。故选 G。 【20 题详解】 下文“However, if you are smart enough to learn early and wish not to waste your precious time learning them the hard way, learn them now and apply it to your life as soon as possible.”说明然 而， 如果你足够聪明想早点儿学到它们，不想把宝贵的时间浪费在费劲去学这些教训上， 那么你现在就可以学习它们，并可以尽早把它们用到你的生活中。此处与后一句为转折关系。 B 项“After al life lessons are always learned the hard way.(毕竟， 生活中的教训总是需费一番 苦功才能学到)”符合题意。故选 B。 第三部分： 第一节：每小题 1 分 These days, teenagers often have their noses buried in a cellphone or other electronic devices. They are often so ___21___ with what’s happening on social media that they often ___22___ what’s going on around them. But you ___23___ can’t say that about this 17-year-old. Seeing ___24___ the teen helped an elderly woman who was ___25___ at the Dollar General just restored my ___26___ in our youth! 17-year-old Senquavlous Driver joined his ___27___, Connie, for a trip to the Dollar General. They’d put down their shopping and were starting to pull out when Senquavious noticed a woman in her eighties struggling to get out of her ___28___. She succeeded but was having trouble walking. Senquavious wasted no time coming to the ___29___! The teen jumped out of his aunt’s car without hesitation. He helped the elderly woman to the sidewalk and ___30___ with her into the store. She was there to get soda, but could hardly walk. The woman explained that she’d recently ___31___, hurting her back and face. So, Senquavious stayed with her the whole time, helping her get her shopping done, and then saw her back to her car. His aunt watched on, ___32___ by her nephew’s compassion. She pulled out her cellphone and took some photos. “I was in ___33___ taking pictures because he didn’t hesitate to help her, and that made me happy,” she said. Connie proudly ___34___ the photos of her nephew’s act of ___35___ on Facebook, saying, “I hope he continues to do great things in his life. ” 21. A. concerned B. associated C. satisfied D. pleased 22. A. remind B. review C. ignore D. notice 23. A. generally B. actually C. basically D. certainly 24. A. why B. how C. when D. if 25. A. moving B. complaining C. struggling D. driving 26. A. interest B. faith C. respect D. delight 27. A. aunt B. mother C. teacher D. grandma 28. A. car B. store C. home D. sidewalk 29. A. conclusion B. rescue C. end D. point 30. A. dealt B. stopped C. continued D. began 31. A. driven B. walked C. played D. fallen 32. A. amazed B. inspired C. attracted D. touched 33. A. sweat B. tears C. relief D. silence 34. A. chose B. remembered C. shared D. described 35. A. bravery B. kindness C. sympathy D. gratitude 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了 17 岁的少年 Senquavlous 帮助一位走路吃力的老妇人的故事。 【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们经常关注社交媒体上发生的事情，以至于他们经常忽略周 围发生的事情。A. concerned 关心的；B. associated 关联的；C. satisfied 满意的；D. pleased 高兴的。根据后文 with what's happening on social media that they often _____ what's going on around them 可知，他们非常关注社交媒体上发生的事情，短语 be concerned with 表示“关 心”。故选 A。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们经常关注社交媒体上发生的事情，以至于他们经常忽略周围 发生的事情。A. remind 提醒；B. review 复习；C. ignore 忽视；D. notice 注意到。他们的注 意力都在社交媒体上，所以会忽视身边正在发生的事情。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但你肯定不能这么说这个 17 岁的孩子。A. generally 通常；B. actually 实际上；C. basically 基本上；D. certainly 当然。根据下文他帮助那个老妇人的情节 可知，你肯定不会这么说这个 17 岁的孩子。故选 D。 【24 题详解】 考查连接词辨析。句意：看到这个十几岁的孩子如何帮助一个挣扎着从车里出来的老妇人， 我对我们的年轻一代充满了信心。A. why 为什么；B. how 如何；C. when 当……时候；D. if 如果。此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，故应用 how。故选 B。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到这个十几岁的孩子如何帮助一个挣扎着从车里出来的老妇人， 我对我们的年轻一代充满了信心。A. moving 移动；B. complaining 抱怨；C. struggling 挣扎； D. driving 驾驶。根据下文 Senquavlous noticed a woman in her eighties struggling to get out of her car 可知，这个老妇人在挣扎着从车里出来。故选 C。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到这个十几岁的孩子如何帮助一个挣扎着从车里出来的老妇人， 我对我们的年轻一代充满了信心。A. interest 兴趣；B. faith 信心，信仰；C. respect 尊重；D. delight 高兴。上文说人们的注意力都在社交媒体上以至于忽视身边正在发生的事情，而这个 少年帮助老妇人的行为让我对我们的年轻一代充满了信心。故选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：17 岁的 Senquavlous Driver 和他的阿姨 Connie 一起去了 Dollar General 购物。A. aunt 阿姨；B. mother 母亲；C. teacher 老师；D. grandma 祖母。根据下文 中的“The teen jumped out of his aunt's car”可知，他是和自己的阿姨 Connie 一起去购物的。 故选 A。 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们结束购物，正准备离开时，Senquavious 注意到一位 80 多岁 的老太太正挣扎着从车里出来。A. car 汽车；B. store 商店；C. home 家；D. sidewalk 人行道。 根据上文 They’d put down their shopping and were starting to pull out 可推知，他们是结束购 物，正准备开车离开时看到这个老太太正挣扎着从车（car）里出来的。其他选择不符合语 境。故选 A。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Senquavious 立即前来援助！A. conclusion 结论；B. rescue 援助， 营救；C. end 结束；D. point 要点。根据下文情节可知，Senquavious 立刻去援助这个 80 多 岁的老妇人。故选 B。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把老妇人扶到人行道上，继续跟着她进了商店。A. dealt 处理； B. stopped 停止；C. continued 继续；D. began 开始。根据后文 with her into the store 可知，把 老妇人扶到人行道上后他并没有马上离开，而是继续把她送进商店。故选 C。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名女子解释说，她最近摔倒了，背部和脸部都受了伤。A. driven 驾驶；B. walked 走路；C. played 玩耍；D. fallen 摔倒。根据本空后的“hurting her back and face”可知，这个老妇人最近摔倒过一次。故选 D。 【32 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的阿姨在一旁看着，被侄儿的怜悯心感动了。A. amazed 大为 惊奇的；B. inspired 受到鼓舞的；C. attracted 被吸引的；D. touched 感动的。看到 Senquavious 热心地帮助老妇人，姑姑一定深受感动。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我哭着拍照片，因为他毫不犹豫地帮助她，这让我很开心，” 她说。A. sweat 汗水；B. tears 眼泪；C. relief 减轻；D. silence 沉默。上文说看到 Senquavious 的行为让姑姑深受感动，此处是说姑姑被感动得流泪了。故选 B。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Connie 自豪地在 Facebook 上分享了她侄子的善举，她说:“我希 望他能继续在他的生活中做伟大的事情。”A. chose 选择；B. remembered 记得；C. shared 分享；D. described 描述。根据本空后 the photos of her nephew's act of _____ on Facebook.可 知，姑姑在脸书上分享了侄子善行的照片。故选 C。 【35 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Connie 自豪地在 Facebook 上分享了她侄子的善举，她说:“我希 望他能继续在他的生活中做伟大的事情。”A. bravery 勇敢；B. kindness 善举；C. sympathy 同情；D. gratitude 感激。帮助别人是一种善行。故选 B。 第二节：每小题 1.5 分 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Kobe Bryant is a famous basketball player. His talent can ___36___(see) not only on the court, but also in his writing. ___37___book The Wizenard Series: Training Camp came out in March. The story is ___38___the West Bottom Badgers, a youth basketball team. It’s made up of five books, with each ___39___(focus) on the story of one character: Rain, Twig, Cash, Peno and Lab. All of the kids on this team come from a poor neighborhood. No one ___40___(have) faith in the kids to succeed, ___41___things change after a new coach joins the team. After reading the book, we got to interview Bryant. He said he didn’t think he was going to be an author, but that he often tells stories to his daughters. This is one of the ___42___(reason) he wrote his own book. The book is based on parts of Bryant’s real-life experience, ___43___(especial) when he played for the Los Angeles Lakers. Bryant had two different jersey numbers - 8 and 24 - during his career. ____44____number 24 means you need to work hard 24 hours a day ____45____(succeed). Our final thoughts on Bryant — he is cool and very funny. 【答案】36. be seen 37. His 38. about 39. focusing/focused 40. has 41. but 42. reasons 43. especially 44. The 45. to succeed 【解析】 这是一篇人物传记。文章介绍美国著名的篮球运动员 Kobe Bryant 以及他写的书。 【36 题详解】 考查含情态动词的被动语态。句意：他的才华不仅体现在球场上，也体现在他的作品中。句 子主语 talent 和谓语动词 see 之间是一种被动关系，是含情态动词的被动语态，故填 be seen。 【37 题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：他的著作《维森纳德系列：训练营》(The Wizenard Series: Training Camp)于今年 3 月出版。根据上句中的 in his writing 可知，此处用形容词性物主代 词 his 修饰名词，故填 His。 【38 题详解】 考查介词。句意：这个故事是关于 the West Bottom Badgers，一个年轻的篮球队。介词 about 意为“关于”，后面是涉及到的内容。故填 about。 【39 题详解】 考查 with 的独立主格结构。句意：它由五本书组成，每本书都聚焦于一个角色的故事：雨、 小树枝、卡什、佩诺和实验室。此处是 with 的独立主格结构，with+宾语+宾语补足语（现 在分词或过去分词），所给词 focus 可以作及物动词也可以作不及物动词，所以这里用现在 分词 focusing 或过去分词 focused 作宾语补足语，故填 focusing/focused。 【40 题详解】 考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意：没有人相信孩子们会成功，但在新教练加入球队后， 情况发生了变化。这里在讲述书中的故事，用的是一般现在时态，且主语是不定代词 no one， 后面的谓语动词用单数第三人称，故填 has。 【41 题详解】 考查并列连词。句意：没有人相信孩子们会成功，但在新教练加入球队后，情况发生了变化。 结合句意，前后是一种转折关系，故填 but。 【42 题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这是他自己写书的原因之一。根据 one of 后面跟名词复数，所给词 reason“理由”是可数名词，故填 reasons。 【43 题详解】 考查副词。句意：这本书是根据科比的真实经历改编的，尤其是他在洛杉矶湖人队的时候。 此处用副词修饰后面的 when 引导的时间状语从句，所给词 especial“特别的”是形容词， 其副词是 especially。故填 especially。 【44 题详解】 考查定冠词 the。句意：数字 24 意味着你需要一天 24 小时努力工作才能成功。此处特指 24 这个数字，故填 The。 【45 题详解】 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：数字 24 意味着为了成功你需要一天 24 小时努力工作。 此处是动词不定式作目的状语，故填 to succeed。 第四部分 第一节：15 分 46. 假定你是李华，是美国某中学的交换生。学校邀请你用英语写一篇短文，在即将举行的 “国际日”活动中介绍中国的高考( Gao Kao)情况。内容包括: 1.考试时间； 2.考试科目； 3.考试的意义。 注意:1.词数 80 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Hello, everyone! I'm Li Hua from China. I feel greatly honored to introduce to you the National College Entrance Examination. Generally, the examination is held on June 7 and 8 annually. It covers such subjects as Chinese, Maths, English, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Geography and Politics. The examination aims to select students who are qualified to further their studies. It's very important to high school students because it will decide whether they can realize their dreams for higher education. That's why they work hard and try to present their best performance in the examination. 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一篇短文，在即将举行的“国际日”活动中向美国某 中学介绍中国的高考情况。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 考试时间； 2. 考试科目； 3. 考试的意义。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） introduce to sb. sth.; the National College Entrance Examination; aim to do sth.; be qualified to do sth.; try to do sth. 第三步：连词成句 1. I feel greatly honored to introduce to you the National College Entrance Examination. 2. The examination aims to select students who are qualified to further their studies. 3. That's why they work hard and try to present their best performance in the examination. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）（供参考） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second…, And then, Finally, In the end, At last 2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, not only…but (also), including, 3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although +clause (从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…, On the other hand…, Some…, while others…, as for, so…that… 4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1] The examination aims to select students who are qualified to further their studies. 用了 who 引导的定语从句。 [高分句型 2] That's why they work hard and try to present their best performance in the examination. 用了 why 引导的表语从句。 第二节：25 分 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续 写的词数应为 150 左右。 My name is John and I must share with you an event which took place on Flight 1553 out of DCA. My wife and I were traveling to Miami to celebrate an achievement for her and as you can imagine, we were looking forward to fun, sun and laughter. We boarded the aircraft, without a care in the world. It was cold in Washington and we were ready for Florida. Shortly after taking my seat, I began to feel sick. I knew something wasn’t right but just couldn't find out what was happening.Being a doctor and a stubborn man, I resisted efforts by my wife to call for assistance. As the aircraft began its departure roll, I lost consciousness for a short amount of time. As I came around, I quickly realized a few things. Firstly, something very bad had happened to me. Secondly, the aircraft was too heavy with the fuel to go back home. Thirdly, my loss of consciousness had been so deep that I found myself out of control. So not only did I have a medical issue to deal with, but I also had to figure out how to deal with an embarrassing experience. My wife gathered the crew as soon as it was safe to move about and I made my way to the washroom to attempt to clean up. I did my best and the flight crew members were so supportive, checking on me often and reassuring me that there was nothing to be embarrassed about. It was their sympathy and support that helped me so much. During the flight they kept watching over me and I suddenly had a small group of nurses, bringing blankets, food, drinks and caring and smile. I was thankful to them. Paragraph 1： Upon landing, I remained in my seat, allowing other people to go first. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Hearing that, the captain left and returned a couple minutes later with a pair of his own blue jeans. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1： Upon landing, I remained in my seat, allowing other people to go first. As I was in my seat, I looked up and see the captain standing with a warm smile. “What can I do for you?” the captain asked. I told him I was OK. I was very embarrassed and concerned because of the previous things. He said, “What sizes of pants do you wear?” His voice was full of care. I was puzzled and replied, “34*34. Why do you ask this?” Paragraph 2： Hearing that, the captain left and returned a couple minutes later with a pair of his own blue jeans. The man opened his own luggage and gave a complete stranger his pants. I didn’t know what to say. Then I looked at my wife, who smiled and, without saying a word, let me know it was OK. I made my way to the exit and he said, “Change on the aircraft. It is fine.” Because of the experience, I was thankful to him for his kindness. I made up my mind to treat others with kindness. Paragraph 1： Upon landing, I remained in my seat, allowing other people to go first.Tired and weak, I collapsed to the back seat,closing my eyes. Shortly afterwards, all the people left the plane, apart from my wife and I. Sensing my conformable situation, the captain made his way to me, holding a cup of water. "Thank you.”I murmured. Much to my surprise, upon hearing this, his face lit up. A slow smile worked its way across his face and into his eyes. "Anything needed?” he asked in a gentle voice, warmly and kindly. Looking at my dirty trousers, I threw a grateful smile to him, “Maybe a pair of jeans?" Paragraph 2： Hearing that, the captain left and returned a couple minutes later with a pair of his own blue jeans. The instant I saw the jeans, blood rushed to my head immediately. Deeply touched by his kind action, I felt grateful. My tears welled up in my eyes uncontrollably.."Thank you, thank you…" I couldn't' help extending my gratitude to him. Seeing that I became energetic again, he touched my shoulder, eyes glittering with excitement. After he left it dawned on me that he even didn’t give me his name! Never had I anticipated that kindness could inject such great power into others, and in return, I was determined to pass on the love! 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇读后续写作文。 【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章主要讲述了一个发生在 1553 航班上的事件。作者刚 上飞机时感到恶心，身体不适，但是拒绝让妻子给自己寻求帮助。当飞机开始起飞时，作者 有一小段时间失去了知觉。作者意识到问题的严重性，一到安全的地方，妻子就召集了所有 的乘务人员，他们为作者做了检查提供了许多帮助。 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：飞机一着陆，我就留在座位上，让别人先走。所以后文 应该是讲述飞机着陆后，作者和机长的对话，机长问作者穿几号的裤子，作者很困惑地回答 了他。第二段开头是：听到这个消息，船长离开了，几分钟后带着他自己的蓝色牛仔裤回来 了。本段应该写机长将自己的裤子给了作者，因为这次经历，作者感激他的好意，下定决心 要善待他人。 最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右。按要求完成写作任务。 【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：because of, be full of care, make up one’s mind 等高级词汇；非谓语动词的运用 As I was in my seat, I looked up and see the captain standing with a warm smile.；非限定性定语从句 Then I looked at my wife, who smiled and, without saying a word, let me know it was OK.等高级句式。