内蒙古呼和浩特市2021届高三年级质量普查调研考试英语试题 Word版含解析

内蒙古呼和浩特市2021届高三年级质量普查调研考试英语试题 Word版含解析

2021 届呼和浩特市高三年级质量普查调研考试(11 月) 英语 注意事项: 1.答卷前, 考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.选出每小题答案后, 用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后, 再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上, 否则无效。本试卷 满分 120 分, 考试时间 100 分钟。 一. 阅读理解(共两节, 满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 题;每小题 2 分, 满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和 D)中, 选出最佳选项, 并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A From virtual tours to e-learning tools, museums and art galleries have been sharing resources using digital platforms to continue to connect with the public, share collections and stories, and support those who are vulnerable（脆弱的）during closures and the COVID-19 crisis. Hastings Museum and Art Gallery Hastings Museum and Art Gallery is a family friendly museum in Hastings with a diverse collection of 97,000 objects of local history, fine a d decorative arts and natural sciences. To deal with the COVID-19 outbreak, we have launched a digital museum via the Twitter hashtag #HastingsDigitalMuseum as well as via out Facebook and Instagram pages. The British Library Over the past two years, our imaging specialists have been trying to digitise the globes, which form one of the most beautiful parts in the British Library’s vast maps collection. The virtual globes will be made available for up close interaction on the British Library’s website throughout 2020, with the first seven due for release on 26 March. Art UK Art UK is the online home for every public art collection in the UK. Art UK is a charity, which features almost digitised 250,000 artworks available online. Through our work, we make art available for everyone--for enjoyment, learning and research. From May we will offer users the opportunity to create and share albums of artworks as well as”digital surrogate（替代的） exhibitions”. Leeds Art Gallery Online The displays at Leeds City Art Gallery have been selected by the staff to reflect the richness and variety of the collections. Established masterpieces are presented alongside lesser known works. It includes recent acquisitions and long term works from the collection. The collection is quite large--only a fraction（部分）is on display at any one time. When not on show, these may be seen by appointment at the Gallery. 1. Which is the most inviting to a geography lover? A. Hastings Museum and Art Gallery. B. The British Library. C. Art UK. D. Leeds Art Gallery Online. 2. What is special about Art UK? A. It is an ideal museum for a family. B. It has the largest collection of art works. C. It is a non-profit art learning service. D. It displays lesser known works besides famous ones. 3. What is the purpose of the text? A. To introduce virtual tours options. B. To inform readers of art events. C. To provide a cure for COVID-19. D. To popularise art knowledge to readers. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 本文是一篇应用文，介绍了在疫情期间，利用数字平台提供虚拟旅游的几家博物馆和美术馆。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“in the British Library’s vast maps collection”可知，大英图书 馆里收藏着很多地图，因此它对地理爱好者最有吸引力，故 B 项正确。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Art UK is a charity, which features almost digitised 250,000 artworks available online.”可知，英国艺术协会是一个慈善机构，其特点是几乎有 25 万件数 字化的艺术品可以在网上找到，由此可知，英国艺术协会的特别之处在于它是一种非盈利的 艺术学习服务，故 C 项正确。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“From virtual tours to e-learning tools, museums and art galleries have been sharing resources using digital platforms”可知，从虚拟旅 游到电子学习工具，博物馆和美术馆一直在利用数字平台共享资源，由此可知，本文主要介 绍的是在疫情期间，利用数字平台提供虚拟旅游的几家博物馆和美术馆，因此，本文的目的 是介绍虚拟旅游的几个选择，故 A 项正确。 B I live in an area where most parents would rather cut back on personal hobbies for themselves than stop paying for their children’s activities. Music lessons,horseback riding,summer camps,sports teams﹣the list goes on and on. Often,so do the costs. And even if the money is not there,some parents find a way. I know people who have borrowed from family and run up their credit cards to pay for all the stuff they believe their children just cannot miss. “The experiences we thought kids had to have before high school has moved down to junior high and now elementary,” said William Doherty,a professor of family studies and director of the marriage and family therapy program at the University of Minnesota. Soon,we’ll be talking about leadership opportunities for babies.” Somehow,not offering our children every possible opportunity”feels like bad parenting,”said Wendy Mogel,a clinical psychologist. But in an effort to give their children everything. some parents end up not just using up financial resources,but also their own emotional energy.“A lot of parents are exhausted by their own overparenting,”said Bryan Caplan,an economics professor at George Mason University.”They make so many sacrifices and are so stressed out by driving around so much that they explode at kids for changing the radio station.” “It’s easy to take a look at the more successful kids and assume that all the activities are why they are more successful,”Professor Caplan said. But research doesn’t bear that out. On a recent National Public Radio program,Steven D. Levitt,a professor of economics at the University of Chicago,said he and another economist could find no evidence that that sort of parental choices could be correlated at all with academic success. 4. What can we infer from William Doherty’s argument？ A. Kids need to experience so many activities at a young age. B. Kids should seize leadership opportunities when they were babies. C. Kids are taking part in extracurricular activities at a much younger age. D. Kids should take part in extracurricular activities before elementary school. 5. Why do parents offer their children so many lessons according to Wendy Mogel？ A. They want to show off their love to their children. B. They think that is the kind of life their children want to live. C. They want to be good parents and be responsible for their children. D. They believe the lessons can help their children achieve academic success. 6. What does the underlined phrase "bear that out" in the last paragraph mean？ A. Prove. B. Deny. C. Examine. D. Understand. 7. What is the bad effect of offering children too many extracurricular activities？ A. The children may make no sacrifice. B. The parents may get extremely tired. C. The parents may ask too much of their children. D. The children may not be successful in the future. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了大多数父母宁愿削减自己的爱好开支，也原因付钱让孩子们 参加兴趣班。许多父母认为必须给孩子提供一切的机会，尽最大可能为孩子的学习提供好的 条件，只有做到这样，才算是好父母，父母为孩子们付出精力和财力，导致自己精疲力尽， 但是研究没有发现任何证据表明，父母的这种选择与学业成就之间存在关联。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中““The experiences we thought kids had to have before high school has moved down to junior high and now elementary,” said William Doherty,a professor of family studies and director of the marriage and family therapy program at the University of Minnesota.( 明尼苏达大学家庭研究教授、婚姻和家庭治疗项目负责人威廉·多尔蒂说：“我 们认为孩子们在高中之前必须有的经历，转移到了初中现在转移到了小学。”)”可知，威 廉·多尔蒂认为，孩子从小学到高中，有很多事情是必须要经历的。但是现在的孩子以更小 的年龄就经历以前初中生甚至高中生才经历的事情。因此推断出，C 选项“Kids are taking part in extracurricular activities at a much younger age.(孩子们以更年轻的年龄参加一些课外活 动)”符合题意。故选 C 项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Somehow,not offering our children every possible opportunity”feels like bad parenting,”said Wendy Mogel,a clinical psychologist.( 临床心理学家 Wendy Mogel 说， 不知何故，不给孩子提供一切可能的机会“感觉像是不好的养育方式”。)”及第五段第一 句 “But in an effort to give their children everything. some parents end up not just using up financial resources,but also their own emotional energy. (但是为了给孩子们一切。一些父母不仅 耗尽了经济资源，还耗尽了自己的情感能量)”可知，Wendy Mogel 认为，很多父母觉得必 须给孩子提供一切的机会，尽最大可能为孩子的学习提供好的条件，只有做到这样，才算是 好父母，才算为孩子尽到了责任。可推知，根据 Wendy Mogel 的观点，父母让孩子们学习 这 么 多 功 课 是 因 为 C 选 项 “They want to be good parents and be responsible for their children.(他们想做好父母，而且为孩子负责)”符合题意，故选 C 项。 【6 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句前面的“It’s easy to take a look at the more successful kids and assume that all the activities are why they are more successful.(看看那些更成功的孩子，认为所 有的活动都是他们更成功的原因是很容易的)”以及下文中“On a recent National Public Radio program,Steven D. Levitt,a professor of economics at the University of Chicago,said he and another economist could find no evidence that that sort of parental choices could be correlated at all with academic success.(在最近的一个全国公共广播节目中，芝加哥大学经济学教授 Steven 说，他和另一位经济学家都没有发现任何证据表明，父母的这种选择与学业成功相关。)” 可知，Caplan 教授认为学业上更加成功的孩子与他们参加课外活动有关，但是 Steven 和另 一位经济学家都没有发现任何证据表明，父母让孩子多参加活动与学业成功相关。由此推知， 划线词所在句意为“但研究并没有证明这一点。”，即划线词与 A 选项“Prove (证明)”意 思接近。故选 A 项。 【7 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“But in an effort to give their children everything. some parents end up not just using up financial resources,but also their own emotional energy.“A lot of parents are exhausted by their own overparenting,”said Bryan Caplan,an economics professor at George Mason University.”(但是为了给孩子们一切。一些父母不仅耗尽了经济资源，还耗尽了自己 的情感能量。“很多父母都因为自己的过度租房而筋疲力尽，”布莱恩·卡普兰说。)”可 知，给孩子们提供太多的课外活动带来的不好的影响是父母可能会非常疲倦，因此 B 选项 “The parents may get extremely tired（父母可能会非常疲倦）”符合题意，故选 B 项。 C Laura Sides was a psychology major at the University of Nottingham in 2004. She first noticed signs of her dad's developing dementia（痴呆） when she moved to Nottingham. She said, "Dad was a doctor, so he knew exactly what had happened to him, but people try to hide it when they are ill. Then, I came home for my 21st birthday and arranged to meet him, but he never appeared as he'd forgotten. That's when I knew something serious had happened. " So, at the age of 21, she decided to leave university and look after him herself. She lived close by, popping in every day to make sure he was eating, and that the house was tidy, before heading off to her work. Sadly, in 2009, 5 years later, Laura lost her father. Before he died, Laura went to a hospital appointment with him, where doctors mentioned that his form of Alzheimer's disease was genetic meaning there was a fifty﹣fifty chance that she had inherited （遗传） it. For several years Laura agonised over whether to be tested, finally finding out in August 2017 that she has the APP gene, meaning that, like him, she will develop the condition within a decade. At first, she struggled, feeling as if her life lacked purpose. Then, during a sleepless night in the summer of 2018, she decided at around 2 a. m. to enter the 2019 London Marathon sponsored （赞助） by the charities Alzheimer's Society and Alzheimer's Research UK. She hoped to start the conversation around early﹣onset Alzheimer's disease and to encourage people to talk about it more openly. "I remember when Dad was ill, people wouldn't know how to react, and it all felt very hidden away, but I want to be honest and open, " she added, "The more information we can get, the less of a taboo （忌讳） this will feel. That said, the support I've received so far after going public has been amazing ﹣ that's what is carrying me through. " 8. Laura noticed her father's dementia when . A. her father told her his condition in person B. people nearby informed her of his father's condition C. her father forgot his own birthday party D. her father forgot to attend her 21﹣year﹣old birthday party 9. The underlined word "agonised" in Paragraph 3 probably means . A. excited B. struggled C. shocked D. delighted 10. Laura started the open talk in the hope of . A. getting people to talk about Alzheimer's disease openly B. earning some money to help treat her Alzheimer's disease C. making herself stronger to fight against Alzheimer's disease D. raising funds for charities Alzheimer's Society and Alzheimer's disease Research U.K. 11. Which words can best describe Laura? A. Caring and positive. B. Careful and honest. C. Patient and kind. D. Devoted and modest. 【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。Laura Sides 在读大学期间，父亲患上了阿兹海默症，她休学悉心照料父亲 直到他去世；后来她被医生告知她在十年后也会患上同样的病。短暂的痛苦之后，她便振作 了起来，积极面对生活，参加马拉松比赛，并进行阿兹海默症方面的公开对话，鼓励人们公 开谈论这种疾病，而不是回避它。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Then, I came home for my 21st birthday and arranged to meet him, but he never appeared as he'd forgotten. That's when I knew something serious had happened. "(然 后，我回到家庆祝我的 21 岁生日，并安排见他，但他从未出现，因为他已经忘记了。就在 那时，我知道发生了严重的事情。”)”可知父亲忘记参加女儿的生日会，在那时 Laura 意 识到父亲已患病，故选 D 项。 【9 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文“where doctors mentioned that his form of Alzheimer's disease was genetic meaning there was a fifty﹣fifty chance that she had inherited （遗传） it.( 医生提到他 的阿尔茨海默病遗传意义有 55%的几率)”结合画线词所在句的“whether to be tested（是否 去检查一下）”可推知 agonised 的意思为“挣扎，苦恼”，故选 B 项。 【10 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 “She hoped to start the conversation around early ﹣ onset Alzheimer's disease and to encourage people to talk about it more openly.( 她希望开始讨论早期 的阿尔茨海默氏病并鼓励人们更公开地谈论它。)”可知 Laura 公开谈论阿兹海默症是为了 鼓励人们公开地谈论此病。故选 A 项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段“So, at the age of 21, she decided to leave university and look after him herself.( 所以，在她 21 岁的时候，她决定离开大学，自己照顾他。)”可知 Laura 在 21 岁时 休学照顾生病的父亲。结合下文医生给出诊断说 Laura10 年后也会患上阿兹海默症，她还是 能够积极地面对生活并且公开讨论阿兹海默症鼓励人们积极面对疾病，由此可知 Laura 是一 个关心他人又积极向上的人。结合选项 A. Caring and positive 关心他人，积极向上的；B. Careful and honest 小心，诚实的；C. Patient and kind 耐心善良的；D. Devoted and modest 忠 诚谦虚的。故选 A 项。 D Scientists may one day be able to destroy viruses in the same way that opera singers break wine glasses. New research mathematically determined the frequencies at which simple viruses could be shaken to death. The capsid (壳) of a virus is something like the shell of a turtle, said physicist Otto Sankey of Arizona State University. “If the shell can be damaged by mechanical vibrations (震动), the virus can be destroyed.” Recent experimental evidence has shown that laser (激光) pulses with the right frequency can kill certain viruses. However, locating these resonant (共振的) frequencies is a bit of trial and error. Experiments must try various conditions, Sankey said. To further this search, Sankey and his student Eric Dykeman have developed a way to calculate the vibrations of every atom in a virus shell. From this, they can determine the lowest resonant frequencies. An experiment has recently shown that pulses of laser light can cause destructive vibrations in virus shells. Sankey said, “Like pushing a child on a swing from rest, one sudden push gets the virus shaking.” However, it is difficult to calculate what sort of push will kill a virus, since there can be millions of atoms in its shell structure. A direct calculation of each atom’s movements would take several hundred thousand Gigabytes of computer memory, Sankey explained. The team plans to use their technique to study other, more complicated viruses. However, it is still a long way from using this to destroy the viruses in infected people. “This is such a new field, and there are so few experiments that the science has not yet had enough time to prove itself,” Sankey said. “We remain hopeful but remain skeptical at the same time.” 12. What is the new way to kill viruses? A. Replacing viruses’ capsids with shells. B. Breaking viruses’ capsids by vibration. C. Locating the position of certain viruses. D. Damaging the conditions that viruses like. 13. Why does Sankey mention “pushing a child on a swing” in Paragraph 4? A. To prove how simple the new theory is. B. To explain how to start the virus shaking. C. To suggest the idea comes from our real life. D. To show the destructive power of vibrations. 14. What is the fifth paragraph mainly about? A. The shell structure of viruses. B. The lack of computer memory. C. The challenging part of the research. D. The importance of atoms’ movement. 15. What is Sankey’s attitude towards the theory? A. Disapproving. B. Worried. C. Uncaring. D. Positive. 【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了一种使用一定的振动频率来破坏病毒的全新方法。 【12 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的 The capsid (壳) of a virus is something like the shell of a turtle 和 If the shell can be damaged by mechanical vibrations (震动), the virus can be destroyed.可知，病毒 有一层外壳，如果受到机械振动则可以将其破坏，病毒就可以毁灭。故选 B。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句 Like pushing a child on a swing from rest，one sudden push gets the virus shaking.可知，就像从秋千上推孩子一样，一个突然的推动就会让病毒颤抖，因 此推断，Sankey 是用类比的方式帮助读者了解这种破坏病毒原理。故选 B。 【14 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段的内容可知，由于病毒的外壳结构中可能有数百万个原子，因此很 难计算出哪种推动会杀死病毒。直接计算每个原子的运动将需要消耗大量计算机内存，因此 本段主要讲的是在这项研究中会遇到的主要问题。故选 C。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文 的最后一段的 We remain hopeful but remain skeptical at the same time.(我们仍然充满希望，但同时保持怀疑)可知，Sankey 对这项新技术的未来是有信心的。 故选 D。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分, 共 10 分） 根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有 两项为多余 Many people often find themselves waking up in the middle of the night, unusually awake and excited. ___16___ . That's really frustrating. However, there is no need to worry. Here are some effective ways to help you fall asleep again. Remain in bed. For you to fall asleep, your heart rate needs to slow down. When you get up, your heart rate goes up. So, avoid going to the bathroom during the night if you can. Do not eat too little or too much for dinner. Do not drink and fill your bladder（膀胱）before bed. ___17___ . It may make you fall asleep faster, but it may also disrupt your sleep later in the night. Stay in the dark. When you cannot sleep, LED lights on printers and cable boxes may be the reason. The same is true for light streaming in through cracks in curtains. ___18___. You should cover lights with tape and wear a sleep mask. A popular choice has deep eye cups so your eyes can open and shut while you wear them. Quiet your mind. Try ways to relax, such as deep breathing, meditation, and mindfulness exercises. ___19___ . The point is to keep your brain busy with something that is not demanding and is relaxing. ___20___ . If your wake-up time is 6:30 a.m. and your clock reads 3:00 a.m., do not think Oh no! I have only three hours left! Instead, say to yourself Oh great! I have three more hours to sleep! You have a problem if you wake three times a week for more than three months. It may affect your quality of life. You need to find a sleep expert who can help identify the cause and fix it. A. Think in a positive way. B. Maintain a calm attitude. C. They may keep you awake. D. Most importantly, avoid alcohol in the evening. E. You can do simple math problems in your head. F. Getting up to do some mild exercise is also helpful. G. Tossing and turning in bed, they are unable to fall asleep. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. C 19. E 20. A 【解析】 【分析】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些帮助你在夜里醒来后再次入睡的有效方法。 【16 题详解】 空前说许多人常常发现自己半夜醒来，异常清醒和兴奋，此处承接上文，讲的是他们醒来后 就再难以入睡的情况，故 G 项（他们在床上辗转反侧，睡不着觉）符合语境。 【17 题详解】 空前说睡前不要喝东西充盈膀胱，空后又说它可能会让你睡得更快，但也可能扰乱你的睡眠， 因此此处是说睡前尤其不要喝酒，故 D 项（最重要的是，晚上不要喝酒）符合语境。 【18 题详解】 空前说当你无法入睡时，打印机和电缆盒上的 LED 灯可能是原因，从窗帘的缝隙射入的光 线也同样如此，此处总结上文，讲的是打印机和电缆盒上的 LED 灯以及从窗帘的缝隙射入 的光线可能会让你睡不着觉，故 C 项（它们可能会让你保持清醒）符合语境。 【19 题详解】 空前说尝试放松的方法，比如深呼吸、冥想和正念练习，此处承接这一话题，介绍的是另一 种让大脑平静下来的方法，故 E 项（你可以在脑子里做简单的数学题）符合语境。 【20 题详解】 空后说如果你早上 6 点半起床，凌晨 3 点的时候你醒了，不要想我只能睡三个小时了，相反， 要这样想——我还能睡三个小时呢，这个例子说明要以积极的方式思考，故 A 项（以积极 的方式思考）符合语境。 【点睛】在七选五的解题过程中，选项中出现的代词与上文中出现的某一（些）名词的指代 关系往往是重要线索，例如本篇第 3 题，根据空前的“When you cannot sleep, LED lights on printers and cable boxes may be the reason. The same is true for light streaming in through cracks in curtains.”可知，当你无法入睡时，打印机和电缆盒上的 LED 灯可能是原因，从窗帘的缝 隙射入的光线也同样如此，空处总结上文，讲的是打印机和电缆盒上的 LED 灯以及从窗帘 的缝隙射入的光线可能会让你睡不着觉，C 项中的 They 指代的就是前面提到的打印机和电 缆盒上的 LED 灯以及从窗帘的缝隙射入的光线，故 C 项（它们可能会让你保持清醒）符合 语境。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节, 满分 45 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中, 选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项。 I was five when you were born. Looking at pictures from that time，I look so happy with you. I am holding you, I am smiling, I look___21___. But I do not remember that feeling． I was a daddy’s girl, but I was also the one to break in our parents. I used to call myself the family’s lovely pig,___22___you were the happy one, the joker, the one who___23___the rewards of all my battles won or lost. So I must have decided that we were enemies, competitors for the love and attention of our parents, and this feeling is in the___24___of all my early memories. All I remember is___25___you． So, as long as I could, I made your life a___26___. I teased you, tricked you and___27___you. You tell me it is not as bad as I remember, but I___28___a couple of times when you were left in tears. Our little sister was born when I was 11, and very soon you two bonded___29___and pushed me aside. Did you bond with her because I was becoming a monster, or did I become a monster because of your bond? Thankfully, you quickly grew tall and strong, and soon you were able to overcome me___30___. From then on it was down to verbal abuse and psychological conflict. By the time I was at university, you were a teenager and we competed for higher ___31___: money, the family car, parental pride． It all came to a___32___stop when I moved abroad as an exchange student. Almost 20 years have passed, and the hate___33___me some long time ago, while I wasn’t watching. And at the same time,___34___ must have come in, entering somewhere quietly through the back of my mind． Despite all the abuse during those years, you have turned into a happy, friendly, passionate, generous human being. You are the most handsome and charming person that I know. And, with your wife and best friend, you have just had your first child. Nobody___35___ this happiness more． You have implied that you’ve forgiven me, or even that there is___36___ to forgive. But I___37___to remember the hurt---I will always hurt in___38___when I look back. All those wasted years in which I should have been your loving sister, standing by your side, defending instead of___39___you in your own home. I aim to be now what I always should have been． I am so___40___ of you, my heart wells up with love for you and your sister. I will be forever glad that I have the chance to love you both． Your sister 21. A. favored B. frightened C. frustrated D. fascinated 22. A. while B. when C. though D. unless 23. A. appreciated B. harvested C. brought D. cheated 24. A. point B. cost C. centre D. end 25. A. adoring B. hating C. assisting D. envying 26. A. mystery B. misery C. mistake D. mixture 27. A. absorbed B. abandoned C. abolished D. abused 28. A. devote B. spend C. treasure D. recall 29. A. strongly B. anxiously C. happily D. unexpectedly 30. A. temporarily B. spiritually C. physically D. academically 31. A. requirements B. resources C. positions D. purposes 32. A. forced B. surprised C. controlled D. intended 33. A. left B. accompanied C. affected D. bothered 34. A. hatred B. love C. guilty D. regret 35. A. rejects B. steals C. deserves D. ignores 36. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 37. A. refuse B. plan C. learn D. prefer 38. A. shame B. sorrow C. disappointment D. confusion 39. A. attacking B. attending C. attracting D. avoiding 40. A. sure B. proud C. confident D. tired 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. A 39. A 40. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者小时候和弟弟争宠，虐待弟弟的故事。长大后，姐姐对自 己以前做的事情感到后悔。 【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看起来对你很感兴趣。A. favored 偏爱的；B. frightened 害怕 的；C. frustrated 沮丧的；D. fascinated 极感兴趣的，着迷的。根据空前“I look so happy with you.”和“I am smiling”可知，作者对新出生的弟弟很感兴趣。故选 D。 【22 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我曾经称自己是家里可爱的猪，而你是快乐的那个小丑。A. while 然而；B. when 当……时候；C. though 尽管；D. unless 除非。根据前后句意可知，此处表示 对比关系，需用连词 while。故选 A。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不论输赢好处都是你的。A. appreciated 感激；B. harvested 收获， 获得成果；C. brought 带来；D. cheated 欺骗。根据空后“rewards of all my battles won or lost. ” 可知，在和弟弟的吵闹中，无论输赢，弟弟总是得到好处。故选 B。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我肯定已经决定我们是敌人，竞争父母的爱和关注，这种感 觉是我所有早期记忆的中心。A. point 点；B. cost 花费；C. centre 中心；D. end 结束。根据 前文“So I must have decided that we were enemies, competitors for the love and attention of our parents,”可知，这是作者和弟弟争宠的表现，所以这对作者来说，一 直是她所有早期记忆的中心。故选 C。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我只记得讨厌你。A. adoring 喜爱；B. hating 讨厌；C. assisting 支持；D. envying 嫉妒。根据前文“I must have decided that we were enemies,”作者觉得自己 和弟弟是敌人，所以此处表示作者讨厌弟弟。故选 B。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，只要我能，我就让你的生活很痛苦。A. mystery 神秘；B. misery 痛苦；C. mistake 错误；D. mixture 混合。根据后文“I teased you, tricked you”可知， 作者欺负弟弟，所以此处表示作者让弟弟的生活很痛苦。故选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我嘲笑你，欺骗你，虐待你。A. absorbed 吸收；B. abandoned 放 弃；C. abolished 废除；D. abused 虐待。根据本段第一句和“I teased you, tricked you and 7 you.”可知，作者为了让自己弟弟过得很痛苦，此处表示作者虐待弟弟。故选 D。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你告诉我，情况没有我记得的那么糟，但我记得有几次你哭了。 A. devote 投身，奉献；B. spend 花费；C. treasure 珍惜；D. recall 回忆。根据前文“All I remember is 5 you．”和空处描述可知，这是作者在回忆自己虐待弟弟的经历。故选 D。 【29 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我 11 岁的时候，我们的小妹妹出生了，很快你们俩就变得很亲 密，把我推到一边。A. strongly 强烈地；B. anxiously 着急地；C. happily 高兴地；D. unexpectedly 出乎意料地。根据空后“…and pushed me aside. Did you bond with her because I was becoming a monster…”可知，此处指作者的妹妹出生了，弟弟和妹妹的关系很亲密。故选 A。 【30 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，你很快长得又高又壮，很快你就能在身体上战胜我了。 A. temporarily 短暂地；B. spiritually 在精神上地；C. physically 身体上地；D. academically 学 术上地。根据空前“you quickly grew tall and strong”可知，弟弟很快长得又高又壮，所以此 处表示他能在身体上战胜作者。故选 C。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我上大学的时候，你还是个十几岁的孩子，我们为了更高的资 源而竞争：金钱，家庭用车，父母的骄傲。A. requirements 要求；B. resources 资源；C. positions 位置；D. purposes 目的。根据空后“ money, the family car, parental pride．”此处指的竞争更 高的资源。故选 B。 【32 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我作为交换生移居国外时，这一切都被迫停止了。A. forced 被迫的；B. surprised 惊讶的；C. controlled 控制的；D. intended 有打算的。因为作者作为交 换生出国了，所以和弟弟之间的争斗被迫停止了。故选 A。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：将近 20 年过去了，这种仇恨很久以前就离开了我。A. left 离开； B. accompanied 陪伴；C. affected 影响；D. bothered 打扰。根据常识和语境可知，因为已经 过去 20 年了，所以作者已经不再恨弟弟了。故选 A。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，爱一定已经进来了，悄悄地从我脑后的某个地方进来 了。A. hatred 讨厌；B. love 爱；C. guilty 内疚；D. regret 后悔。根据前文描述可知，作者已 经不再讨厌弟弟了，所以此处表示作者开始对弟弟产生了爱意。故选 B。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：没有人比他更值得拥有这种幸福。A. rejects 拒绝；B. steals 偷取； C. deserves 值得，应得；D. ignores 忽视。根据空前作者描述弟弟的幸福生活可知，作者认 为这些幸福的弟弟应该得到的。故选 C。 【36 题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：你暗示你已经原谅了我，或者甚至没有什么需要原谅的。A. nothing 没有事情；B. something 一些事情；C. anything 任何事情；D. everything 所有事情。作者弟 弟原谅了作者，甚至表示应该没有什么需要原谅的。故选 A。 【37 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我更愿意记住那些伤害——当我回头看的时候，我总会在羞愧 中受伤。A. refuse 拒绝；B. plan 计划；C. learn 学习，得知；D. prefer 偏爱。作者悔恨自己 虐待弟弟，所有此处表示作者更愿意记住那些伤害。故选 D。 【38 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我更愿意记住那些伤害——当我回头看的时候，我总会在羞愧 中受伤。A. shame 羞愧；B. sorrow 悲伤；C. disappointment 失望；D. confusion 困惑。因为 作者以前虐待自己的弟弟，所以作者感到羞愧。故选 A。 【39 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那些虚度的岁月里，我本应该是你的挚爱姐姐，站在你身边， 在你自己的家里保护你而不是攻击你。A. attacking 攻击；B. attending 参加，出席；C. attracting 吸引；D. avoiding 避免。根据前文“ standing by your side, defending”可知，空处需用 attacking 与前文对应，表示攻击弟弟。故选 A。 【40 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为你感到骄傲，我的心里充满了对你和你妹妹的爱。A. sure 肯定的；B. proud 自豪的；C. confident 自信的；D. tired 疲倦的。根据后文“my heart wells up with love for you and your sister.”可知，作者为弟弟感到骄傲。故选 B。 第 II 卷 第三部分 英语知识运用 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分, 满分 15 分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Li Ziqi, ____41____ lives in a village in Sichuan Province, is famous for her ____42____ (attract) videos of rural self-sufficiency (自给自足). Her video channel consists of beautiful process videos that show how she plants crops and harvests from her garden and the nearby forest before ____43____ (cook) delicious food in her outdoor kitchen. For a worldwide audience in the pandemic, her beautiful D.I.Y videos have become ____44____ reliable source of escape and comfort. In her videos, she tends ____45____ (work) in silence and plays soothing music. She is not known ____46____ taking shortcuts. Her way of cooking suggests that every delicious dish takes ____47____ (pain) to prepare. For example in a 12-minute video, she, at first, pushed garlic parts into the farm land outside her home; in the next few minutes, with the sprouts growing, they reached up towards the sky when she ____48____ (begin) to cook. Such a video is ____49____ (certain) a way to step out of the extremely high pressure society that we live in. Her videos are beyond materialistic ways to explain the nation or culture. Therefore, she _____50_____ (have) already become a major celebrity on the internet, inspiring people to return to their roots. 【答案】41. who 42. attractive 43. cooking 44. a 45. to work 46. for 47. pains 48. began 49. certainly 50. has 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了网络红人李子柒和她的美食制作视频，疫情之下，她的视频对人 们产生了积极的影响。 【41 题详解】 考查非限定性定语从句。句意：李子柒生活在四川的一个村子里，她因拍摄农村自给自足的 视频而闻名，这些视频十分吸引人。句中先行词为 Li Ziqi，在非限定性定语从句作作主语， 所以用关系代词 who。故填 who。 【42 题详解】 考查形容词。句意同上，修饰名词 videos 用形容词，表示“吸引人的”，故填 attractive。 【43 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她的视频频道里有许多好看的制作美食的视频，展示了她如何在自 家菜园和附近的森林里种菜和收菜，然后在户外厨房烹饪美食。介词 before 后接动名词作宾 语，she 与 cook 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，所以用动名词的主动式，故填 cooking。 【44 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：对于疫情之下的全球观众来说，她的 DIY 视频已经成为远离疫情和寻求 安慰的可靠来源。source 是可数名词，此处泛指“一个来源”，reliable 的发音以辅音音素 开头，应该用不定冠词 a 修饰，故填 a。 【45 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：在她的视频中，她倾向于安静地工作，播放舒缓的音乐。tend to do 表示“倾向于做某事”，故填 to work。 【46 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：她不以走捷径著称。be known for 表示“因……著称”，故填 for。 【47 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：她的烹调方法表明，每一道美味佳肴都要精心准备。take pains to do 是固定短语，表示“努力做、费力做”，故填 pains。 【48 题详解】 考查时态。句意：当她开始做饭时，蒜苗向天空伸展。空前的“reached”表明陈述的是过 去的事情，应该用一般过去时，故填 began。 【49 题详解】 考查副词。句意：这样一个视频无疑是一种走出我们所生活的这个高压社会的方式。修饰“a way to step out of the extremely high pressure society that we live in”用副词作状语，表示“无 疑地”，故填 certainly。 【50 题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：因此，她已经成为网络上的一大名人，激励人们回归本源。空 后的“already become a major celebrity on the internet”表明此处强调过去的动作对现在造成 的影响，应该用现在完成时，主语是 she，谓语动词用单数，故填 has。 第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分 35 分） 第一节 （共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分） 51. 短文改错 I'm really pleased you're coming to stay with us soon. I have easy-going family of four and all of my parents are very approachable. They let me do more or less what we like as long as we tell them about it first. I've already been made a list of the most interesting thing to do and see when you're here. As you're keen on watch football, I've booked two tickets for a bigger match. We can explore the countryside, when we might see animals in the wild. Besides, since it's true peaceful there, we can even camp for a night and two. And I can't wait to meet you! 【答案】1. easy-going 前添加 an 2. all→both 3. me→us 4. been 去掉 5. thing→things 6. watch→watching 7. bigger→big 8. when→where 9. true→truly 10. and→or 【解析】 【分析】 这是一封书信。作者向对方介绍了自己的家庭情况，以及他来自己家中做客时的安排。 【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：我有一个随和的四口之家，我的父母都很平易近人。family 为可数名词，此处表泛指应用不定冠词，且 easy-going 发音以元音音素开头，应用 an 修饰。 故 easy-going 前加 an。 2.考查代词。句意：我有一个随和的四口之家，我的父母都很平易近人。指“父母”两个人 应用 both；all 指三个或三者以上。故 all 改为 both。 3.考查代词。句意：只要一开始就告诉他们, 他们就会让我们做我们喜欢做的事情。结合后 文“what we like”可知此处指“我们”，故 me 改为 us。 4.考查语态。句意：我已经列了一张清单，上面列出了你在这里要做的最有趣的事情和要看 的东西。谓语动词 make 和句子主语 I 之间是主动关系，用主动语态。故 been 去掉。 5.考查名词的数。句意：我已经列了一张清单，上面列出了你在这里要做的最有趣的事情和 要看的东西。thing 为可数名词，由 a list of 修饰应用可数名词复数。故 thing 改为 things。 6.考查非谓语动词。句意：因为你喜欢看足球，我订了两张超级精彩的比赛的票。结合句意 表示“热衷于做某事”可知短语为 be keen on doing sth.。故 watch 改为 watching。 7.考查形容词。句意同上。根据句意可知此处没有比较关系，应用形容词原形 big，作定语。 故 bigger 改为 big。 8.考查定语从句。句意：我们可以去郊外探险，在那里我们可能会看到野外的动物。此处为 非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 countryside，且先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词 where 引导。故 when 改为 where。 9.考查副词。句意：此外，因为那里真的很安静, 我们甚至可以露营一两晚。修饰形容词 peaceful 应用副词 truly。故 true 改为 truly。 10.考查连词。句意：此外，因为那里真的很安静，我们甚至可以露营一两晚。表示“一两 晚”应用 a night or two，表示选择用 or。故 and 改为 or。 第二节：书面表达（满分 25 分） 52. 假定你是李华，下个月你校将举办“中国文化艺术节”。你校英国友好学校将派代表参 加，请你代表学生会发邮件告知英方团长 Mr. Smith 有关细节，内容包括： 1．自我介绍； 2．活动安排； 3．表达期待。 注意： 1.词数 100 字左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数； 3.参考词汇：代表团 delegation Dear Mr. Smith, _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith, My name is Li Hua. On behalf of the Student Union of our school, I sincerely invite you and the delegation to participate in the “Chinese Culture and Art Festival”. The festival is to carry forward traditional culture and promote cultural exchange. And it will provide you with a stage where you can sample different forms of traditional Chinese cultures. At the festival, related books, pictures, videos and objects will be exhibited, through which you will not only understand traditional Chinese culture better but also definitely feel the unique beauty of it. Of course, we also prepare some wonderful activities for our lovely friends, such as making dumplings and glutinous rice balls, making mooncakes, and learning Beijing Opera. All of us will feel pleased with the presence of you and your students. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件给英国友好学校代表团团长 Mr. Smith，告 知有关“中国文化艺术节”的细节。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般将来时为主。 结构：三段式结构。第一段自我介绍并表达邀请；第二段介绍活动安排；第三段表达期待。 要求：1. 自我介绍并表达邀请（name; invite） 2. 介绍活动安排 1）艺术节目的（carry forward traditional culture and promote cultural exchange） 2）艺术节活动安排 ①展品（related books, pictures, videos and objects will be exhibited） ②体验活动（making dumplings and glutinous rice balls; making mooncakes; learning Beijing Opera） 3. 表达期待（All of us will feel graced with the presence of you and your students.） 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） on behalf of; invite sb. to; participate in; carry forward; provide sb. with sth; be exhibited; not only…but also; experience activities; such as; feel graced 第三步：连词成句 1. On behalf of the Student Union of our school, I sincerely invite you and the delegation to participate in the “Chinese Culture and Art Festival”. 2. The festival is to carry forward traditional culture and promote cultural exchange. 3. And it will provide you with a stage where you can sample different forms of traditional Chinese. 4. At the festival, related books, pictures, videos and objects will be exhibited, through which you will not only understand traditional Chinese culture better but also definitely feel the unique beauty of it. 5. Of course, we also prepare some wonderful activities for our lovely friends, such as making dumplings and glutinous rice balls, making moon cakes, and learning Beijing Opera. 6. All of us will feel pleased with the presence of you and your students. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。 1.作者在范文中使用了主从复合句，如： And it will provide you with a stage where you can sample different forms of traditional Chinese.(它将为你提供一个舞台，在那里你可以尝试不同形式的繁体中文。)这句话运用了 where 引导的定语从句。 At the festival, related books, pictures, videos and objects will be exhibited, through which you will not only understand traditional Chinese culture better but also definitely feel the unique beauty of it.(在文化节上，相关的书籍、图片、视频和物品将会被展出，通过展览，你不仅 会更好的了解中国传统文化，而且肯定会感受到它的独特之美。)这句话中使用了“介词 +which”引导非限制性定语从句，且从句中使用了“not only…but also”句式。 2.使用了一些固定词组，如 on behalf of; invite sb. to; participate in; carry forward; provide sb. with sth; be exhibited; not only…but also; wonderful activities; such as; feel graced 等。 全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次 分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。