2021北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷 01 Word版含解析

2021北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试英语仿真模拟卷 01 Word版含解析

- 1 - 2021北京市普通高中学业水平合格性考试仿真模拟卷 01 英语 一、听力理解(共 25小题，25分。每小题 1分) 略 二、完形填空(共 15小题，15分。每小题 1分) 阅读下面短文，从各题 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答 案。 The little boy with big brown eyes was waiting for us on the other side of the world. Ever since our adoption agency had ____1____ us, I’d been hurriedly competing all the necessary paperwork. I made it a personal goal to never delay the process. On one late afternoon in June. I rushed toward the closest FedEx office. I had some ____2____ to send overnight, and I wanted them to go out that day. I thought I knew where the FedEx office was. I drove there as the minutes slipped away, only to find that the office was no longer ____3____ where I remembered it. Tears came to my eyes. This was ____4____ we all had a smartphone in our pockets. I had no way of ____5____ the correct location. ____6____ , I started driving toward home. I felt like a failure, as though I’d just _____7_____ my new son to more days in an orphanage waiting for us. Suddenly, I was _____8_____ at a stoplight by an oversized box truck My anger turned to _____9_____ when I saw the sign. It was a FedEx truck I _______10_______ closely behind the truck. What were the _______11_______ the truck would lead me straight to the FedEx office I was seeking? It broke out the chances were good. Less than five minutes later, I saw a FedEx sign, and the truck made a turn into the parking lot. I had _______12_______ in my eyes again. Our documents went out that night. The truck driver _______13_______ knew he was an angel for me that day. Three months later, we flew halfway around the world to _______14_______ our son for the first time. We have been with him every day since. Miracles are always around us _______15_______ we are open to them. Sometimes, it’s a smile at the right time or a kind word. And every now and then, it’s even a big truck that cuts us off in traffic. 1. A. debated B. challenged C.matched D. scanned - 2 - 2. A. gifts B. letters C. documents D. postcards 3. A. locked B. located C. ranked D. repaired 4. A. before B. after C. since D.when 5. A. finding B. choosing C. describing D. showing 6. A. Bored B. Delighted C. Disappointed D. Surprised 7. A. compared B. sentenced C. appointed D. accompanied 8. A. kept up B. put down C. taken in D. cut off 9. A. guilt B. panic C. shock D. terror 10. A. ran B. arose C. walked D. followed 11. A. chances B. wonders C. doubts D. promises 12. A. dust B. dirt C. tears D. sands 13. A. just B. never C. exactly D. immediately 14. A. free B.meet C. beat D. spoil 15. A. if B. although C. unless D. until 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. D 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A 【解析】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了奇迹的出现。作者有一些文件要寄给收养机构，想在当天 发出去，但是找不到记忆中快递点的位置。在失望之余返回，在红灯处被一辆特大型货车拦 住了，那正是一辆联邦快递的卡车。跟着这辆车，作者找到了快递点，并在夜里把文件顺利 寄出去了。 【1 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从我们的收养机构匹配到了我们，我就一直在匆忙地完成所有 必要的文件。A. debated争论，辩论；B. challenged 挑战；C. matched敌得过，和……相配； D. scanned扫描，浏览。根据上文 The little boy with big brown eyes was waiting for us on the other side of the world.可知此处表示收养机构匹配到了我们。故选 C。 【2 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一些文件要在夜间发送，我想在当天发出去。A. gifts礼品， - 3 - 礼物；B. letters信，字母，文学 C. documents 文档，文件；D. postcards。根据下文 Our documents went out that night.可知，此处表示文件。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：数分钟过去了，我开车去了那里，却发现办公室没处在我记忆中 的位置。A. locked 锁上，闭上；B. located处于，位于；C. ranked排名，位列；D. repaired修 理，修复。根据 where I remembered it可知，此处表示发现办公室没处在我记忆中的位置。故 选 B。 【4 题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：那是在我们口袋里都有智能手机之前。A. before在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. since因为，自……以来；D. when在……时候。根据 I had no way of 8 the correct location.可知，此处表示那是在我们口袋里都有智能手机之前的事。故选 A。 【5 题详解】 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：我找不到正确的位置。A. finding找到，发现；B. choosing选择； C. describing描述；D. showing展示，表演。根据 the correct location可知，此处表示找到。故 选 A。 【6 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：失望之下，我开始开车回家。A. Bored 无聊的；B. Delighted高 兴的，乐意的；C. Disappointed失望的，沮丧的；D. Surprised 感到惊讶的。根据 I felt like a failure 可知，此处表示失望。故选 C。 【7 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我觉得自己像个失败者，就好像我判决我的新儿子在孤儿院再待 几天等着我们一样。A. compared 比较，相比；B. sentenced审判，判决；C. appointed任命， 约定；D. accompanied 陪伴，伴随。根据 my new son to more days in an orphanage 可知此处表 示判决。故选 B。 【8 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，我在红灯处被一辆特大型货车拦住了。A. kept up保持，经 营，遵守，饲养；B. put down着陆，放下，写下；C. taken in吸收，领会，欺骗，接受；D. cut off切断，中断。根据 by an oversized box truck可知，此处用 cut off表示被拦下。故选 D。 【9 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到那个标志时，我的愤怒变成了震惊。A. guilt内疚，过失； - 4 - B. panic恐慌，惊慌；C. shock震惊；D. terror恐怖，可怕的人。根据 It was a FedEx truck可知， 此处表示我的愤怒变成了震惊。故选 C。 【10 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是一辆联邦快递的卡车，我紧跟在卡车后面。A. ran跑；B. arose 出现，引发；C. walked走路，散步；D. followed跟着，听从。根据 closely behind the truck可 知，此处表示跟着。故选 D。 【11 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这辆卡车能把我直接带到我要找的联邦快递公司的可能性有多大？ A. chances可能性，机会；B. wonders奇观；C. doubts怀疑，疑问；D. promises承诺。根据 It broke out the chances were good.可知，此处表示可能性。故选 A。 【12 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的眼里又充满了泪水。A. dust灰尘，尘土；B. dirt泥土，灰尘； C. tears眼泪，泪水；D. sands沙子。根据 in my eyes again可知，此处表示泪水。故选 C。 【13 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：卡车司机从来不知道，那天他是我的天使。A. just仅仅，只是；B. never从不；C. exactly 恰好地，正是；D. immediately 立刻，马上。卡车司机与我萍水相逢， 他也并不知道我在跟随着他的车，所以卡车司机从来不知道，那天他是我的天使。故选 B。 【14 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：三个月后，我们飞了半个地球去第一次见到我们的儿子。A. free 使自由，解放；B. meet会面，满足，遇见，对付；C. beat打败，避免；D. spoil破坏，糟蹋， 溺爱。根据 our son for the first time 可知，此处表示见到。故选 B。 【15 题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：如果我们敞开心扉，奇迹总是在我们身边。A. if如果；B. although 即使，尽管；C. unless除非，若非；D. until到……时，直到……为止。根据 we are open to them 可知，此处表示条件，因此用 if。故选 A。 三、阅读理解(共 20小题，40分，每小题 2分) 第一节 阅读下面短文，从各题 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。 A Forget about the “post-1995 generation”. Young people born in 1995 or later have another name in English — Generation Z. They are entering adulthood and will soon shape our future, which is - 5 - why policy makers, as well as employers and marketers, are trying their best to understand these young people. So, how should we pin down the Gen Z-ers? Most people will agree that the single biggest difference between Gen-Z and other generations is how connected they are. This is a group of people who had access to social media as soon as they were born. Social media has changed the way Gen Z-ers interact with each other and how they get and process information. They read news from Twitter, watch videos from Vine, share experiences in Instagram and post recipes in Pinterest. “We are the first true digital natives. I can almost simultaneously create a document, edit it, post a photo on Instagram and talk on the phone, all from the user-friendly iPhone,” said Hannah Payne, an 18-year-old UCLA student. It is noted that young people in the UK are becoming more active in Politics. Young people regard voting as one option among many to show their political engagement that can potentially influence policies. Instead of party politics, they focus more on single-topic issues such as feminism or climate change. And “much of the engagement and organizing they do takes place on social media rather than through traditional political structures,” according to the Guardians. Gen Z-ers are also culture creators. Growing up with the Internet has freed this generation from traditional cultural expression. They are no longer willing to let their creativity be limited by their parents or traditional rules. “We decide what kind of content we want to experience and choose how we experience it,” wrote Masback, a Huffington Post blogger and a Gen Z-er herself. 16. What does the underlined phrase “pin down” mean in Paragraph 1? A. Cooperate with. B. Firmly convince. C. Communicate with. D. Clearly understand. 17. What is special about the Gen Z-ers’ engagement in politics? A. It’s topic-specific. B. It stresses social response. C. It’s party-based. D. It has an immediate effect. 18. What can be inferred about the Gen Z-ers? A. They are socially responsible. B. They are friendly and generous. C. They are addicted to social media. D. They are rooted in traditional culture. 19. What is the author’s attitude towards Gen Z-ers? A. Worried. B. Suspicious. C. Objective. D. - 6 - Disapproving. 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. A 19. C 【解析】 本文为说明文。本文主要介绍了 Z一代人的特点，对他们生存的时代背景和现状进行阐述。 【16 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文“They are entering adulthood and will soon shape our future, which is why policy makers, as well as employers and marketers, are trying their best to understand these young people. (他们正在步入成年，并将很快塑造我们的未来，这就是为什么政策制定者、雇 主和营销人员正在尽最大努力了解这些年轻人)”可知，上文提到人们正在尽力了解这些年轻 人，结合后文对 Z 一代人的特点等情况进行了说明，故画线短语所在句的意思是：我们如何 清楚地了解 Z一代？即画线部分意思为“清楚地了解”，故选 D。 【17 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Instead of party politics, they focus more on single-topic issues such as feminism(女权主义) or climate change. (他们更关注女权主义或气候变化等单一话题，而不是 政党政治)”可知，他们参与政治的特别之处在于他们参与女权主义或气候变化等特定的主题。 故选 A。 【18 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“This is a group of people who were hooked up to social media as soon as they were born(这是一群一出生就和社交媒体联系在一起的人)”；倒数第二段“It is noted that young people in the UK are becoming more active in Politics(值得注意的是，英国的年轻人在 政治上变得越来越活跃)”以及最后一段中“Gen Z-ers are also culture creators.( Z 一代也是文 化创造者)”等句描述可见，他们利用社交媒体参与政治，参与文化的创造等，可推断出他们 有社会责任感。故选 A 。 【19 题详解】 推理判断题。作者对 Generation Z这一代人的特点、他们生存的时代背景和现状等进行了客观 阐述，在本文中并没有倾向性的态度表达。由此可推知，作者对 Z一代持客观态度。故选 C。 B Kobe Bryant was one of nine people killed in a helicopter crash on 26, Jan. 2019. He was 41. His 13-year-old daughter Gianna was also killed in the crash. Bryant was one of the greatest NBA players of all-time and an icon in the sports world. In addition to his success on the basketball court, - 7 - Bryant was known for a ceaseless work ethic and incredible drive. In honor of Bryant’s legacy, here are some inspiring quotes from Bryant on hard work, success, and life. On achieving success: “When you make a choice and say, ‘Come hell or high water, I am going to be this,’ then you should not be surprised when you are that. It should not be something that is intoxicating or out of character because you have seen this moment for so long that ... when that moment comes, of course it is here because it has been here the whole time, because it has been [in your mind] the whole time.” On failure: “I don’t mean to sound cavalier when I say that, but never. It’s basketball. I’ve practiced and practiced and played so many times. There’s nothing truly to be afraid of, when you think about it ... Because I’ve failed before, and I woke up the next morning, and I’m OK. People say bad things about you in the paper on Monday, and then on Wednesday, you're the greatest thing since sliced bread. I’ve seen that cycle, so why would I be nervous about it happening?” On life: “There’s a choice that we have to make as people, as individuals. If you want to be great at something there is a choice you have to make. We can all be masters at our craft, but you have to make a choice. What I mean by that is, there are inherent sacrifices that come along with that — family time, hanging out with your friends, being a great friend, being a great son, nephew, whatever the case may be. There are sacrifices that come along with that.” On retiring and facing the end of his basketball career: “There is beauty in that. I mean, it's going through the cycle. I mean, it's the cycle that is the natural progression of growth, of maturation. I mean, there's no sadness in that ... I see the beauty in not being able to blow past defenders anymore, you know what I mean? I see the beauty in getting up in the morning and being in pain because I know all the hard work that it took to get to this point. So, I’m not, I'm not sad about it. I'm very appreciative of what I've had.” 20. What is the attitude of Kobe Bryant towards achieving success by saying “Come hell or high water, I am going to be this”? A. Confident B. Determined - 8 - C. Optimistic D. Frightened 21. The word “cavalier” in the 3rd paragraph probably means __________. A. not serious or caring B. anxious and eager C. worried and pessimistic D. not proud or arrogant 22. When it comes to failure, Kobe Bryant tended to __________. A. fight against those who said bad things about him. B. worry about others’ comments on his performance. C. cheer for himself by regarding himself as the greatest figure. D. show no fear facing ups and downs. 23. What can be inferred from the passage? A. People paid tribute to Kobe Bryant for his success on the basketball court. B. Kobe Bryant devoted more of his life to basketball instead of accompanying his family. C. Kobe Bryant regarded his retirement as the beginning of another career. D. Kobe Bryant felt emotionless when facing the end of his basketball career. 【答案】20. B 21. A 22. D 23. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了逝去的 NBA历史上最伟大的球员之一科比·布莱恩特关于努力、 成功和生活的一些鼓舞人心的语录。 【20 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中…when that moment comes, of course it is here because it has been here the whole time, because it has been [in your mind] the whole time. ……当那个时刻到来的时 候，它就在这里，因为它一直在这里，因为它一直在你的脑海里。可知，科比对成功的态度 对成功的态度是有决心的。故选 B项。 【21 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段中 It’s basketball. I’ve practiced and practiced and played so many times. There’s nothing truly to be afraid of, when you think about it ... 这是篮球。我练习了很多次，很 多次，很多次。当你仔细想想，其实没什么好害怕的……由科比说自己练习了很多次，可知 他对失败并不是说漫不经心或者不在意的，因此猜测划线词 cavalier意为“漫不经心的，不在 意的”。故选 A项。 【22 题详解】 - 9 - 推理判断题。根据第三段中 Because I’ve failed before, and I woke up the next morning, and I’m OK. People say bad things about you in the paper on Monday, and then on Wednesday, you're the greatest thing since sliced bread. 因为我以前也失败过，第二天早上醒来，我没事。人们在星期 一的报纸上说你的坏话，然后在星期三，你是自切片面包以来最伟大的事物。可知，当谈到 失败的时候，科比并不害怕面对起起落落。故选 D项。 【23 题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中We can all be masters at our craft, but you have to make a choice. What I mean by that is, there are inherent sacrifices that come along with that — family time, hanging out with your friends, being a great friend, being a great son, nephew, whatever the case may be. There are sacrifices that come along with that. 我们都可以成为技艺上的大师，但你必须 做出选择。我的意思是，随之而来的是一些内在的牺牲——家庭时间，和朋友一起玩，做一 个好朋友，做一个好儿子，好侄子，不管是什么情况。这也会带来一些牺牲。可知，科比将 更多的时间奉献给了篮球，而不是陪伴家人。故选 B项。 C There are only a few truly pleasant smells to wake up to in the morning. It might be the aroma of freshly baked bread, or the scent of your partner’s freshly brushed teeth - but for me, it’s the smell of freshly cooked coffee. Just a sniff of it makes me jump out of bed and rush to the kitchen for a gulp(大口) of the hot black liquid. I also know the experience when I walk into a cafe for my double espresso(浓缩咖啡) or flat white, my mouth begins to water in advance. Although it’s really the caffeine hit I’m after, it’s the smell that makes me feel good. However, this feeling sometimes turns to disappointment when I actually start drinking my hot coffee - the taste just doesn’t match the smell. This is particularly the case when I order a coffee to go in a tall paper cup and sip the liquid through a hole in the lid. Yes, it’s convenient, but is it really the right way to appreciate it? Tim Hayward, a food writer and coffee shop owner，describes this process as “strange”. He says, “You walk into the coffee shop, you get the smell, but when you actually take the drink out, you are drinking it from something that is designed to deliver the hot liquid directly past your tongue, but stop any smell coming up to your nose.” As well as removing the smell, takeaway coffee cups create a lot of waste and a vast majority of - 10 - them still don’t get recycled. In 2011, it was estimated that 2.5 billion coffee cups were thrown away each year in the UK, and that figure is likely to be higher now. So maybe now is the time to really wake up and smell the coffee by drinking from a cup or mug in a cafe, chatting with friends and saving the planet! 24. From the first two paragraphs we know ________. A. the author loves coffee alone B. the smell of coffee is pleasant C. people smell one scent at a time D. smells are used to wake up people 25. What sometimes disappoints the author when drinking coffee? A. The way to enjoy coffee. B. Coffee doesn’t taste tasty. C. No partner shares coffee with him. D. The type of coffee he likes isn’t available. 26. What made Tim Hayward feel strange？ A. The smell of coffee. B Hot coffee without smell. C. Treating coffee just as hot liquid. D. Drinking coffee in the coffee shop. 27. What can be implied in the last paragraph? A. People recycle coffee regularly. B. Takeaway coffee is of high quality. C. Pollution caused by coffee cups is growing. D. A cup or mug is widely used for drinking coffee. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C 【解析】 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述咖啡的气味让作者保持清醒，但是喝咖啡的纸杯阻碍了 人们对咖啡味道的享受，还带来了很多污染。 【24 题详解】 - 11 - 细节理解题。由第一段第二句“It might be the aroma of freshly baked bread, or the scent of your partner’s freshly brushed teeth - but for me, it’s the smell of freshly cooked coffee.”和第二段的最 后一句“Although it’s really the caffeine hit I’m after, it’s the smell that makes me feel good.”可 知，这令人愉快的气味可能是刚烤出面包的芳香，或者是你同伴刚刷牙的气味，但是对于我 来说，它是刚煮好的咖啡味道，虽然实际上是我追随咖啡因提神功效，但是的确这个气味使 我感觉舒服。由此可知，咖啡的气味是令人愉快的。结合选项可知，选项 B正确。 【25 题详解】 细节理解题。由第三段的第二句“This is particularly the case when I order a coffee to go in a tall paper cup and sip the liquid through a hole in the lid.”和最后一句“Yes, it’s convenient, but is it really the right way to appreciate it?”可知，情况是这样的，当我点了一份在高纸杯里的咖啡， 然后通过在杯盖上的一个小孔喝这个液体的时候。是的，它是方便的，但是这真的是欣赏它 的正确方法吗？由此可知，当喝咖啡的时候，喝咖啡的方法使作者失望。结合选项可知，选 项 A正确。 【26 题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段 Tim Hayward 说的话“You walk into the coffee shop, you get the smell, but when you actually take the drink out, you are drinking it from something that is designed to deliver the hot liquid directly past your tongue, but stop any smell coming up to your nose.”可知，你走进咖 啡店，你闻到了香味，但是当你实际取出这个饮品的时候，你正在通过被设计来直接传送热 饮经过你的舌头但是阻止任何气味飘进你的鼻子的某物喝这份饮品。由此可知，Tim Hayward 对这种用来对待热饮的方式对待喝咖啡觉得很奇怪。结合选项可知，选项 C正确。 【27 题详解】 推理判断题。由最后一段的第一句“As well as removing the smell, takeaway coffee cups create a lot of waste and a vast majority of them still don’t get recycled.”和第二句“In 2011, it was estimated that 2.5 billion coffee cups were thrown away each year in the UK, and that figure is likely to be higher now.”可知，和去除咖啡气味一样，外带咖啡杯造成了很多废物并且绝大多数的他 们仍然没有得到回收利用。在 2011年，据估计在英国每年有 25亿的咖啡杯被丢弃，并且这个 数据现在可能更高。由此可见，咖啡杯造成的污染正在增长。结合选项可知，选项 C正确。 D Average age is rising around the world——a demographic (人口统计)change that may pose a significant challenge to efforts to slow down climate change. - 12 - Hossein Estiri at Harvard University and Emilio Zagheni of the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Germany, have found that energy use increases as we get older, and not just because we tend to get wealthier. An ageing population could mean a greater proportion of society with higher energy use, their study suggests. They combined two decades, worth of data from thousands of US households and used this to build a model to reveal how energy use varied across 17 age groups between 1987 and 2009. They found that, on average, children's energy consumption (肖耗)climbs as they grow up, before dipping slightly when they leave home. Consumption then rises again when people hit their 30s, before briefly dropping after 55, and then beginning to climb again. The study involved factors such as income, local climate and the age, type and size of a person's home. The increase in energy use at various points in our lifespan (寿命)seems to be the result of life style and how our needs change as we age. Why does demand grow so much in our 30s? “We need more of everything. More space, a bigger TV two fridges," says Estiri. The study found that, in warmer parts of the US, energy use increases in people over the age of 65—probably as a result of increased use of air conditioning, This suggests that there is a feedback effect between climate change and an ageing population that will only make matters worse. Heat waves have become more common in the US in recent years and are expected to become more frequent due to global warming. More older people using more electrical energy to keep cool as temperatures rise could add to emissions (排放)，and thus drive more warming until our energy supply becomes entirely fossil fuel-free. “This confluence (汇集)of population, ageing and climate change on energy demand is really important to start thinking about," says Estiri. Benjamin Sovacool at the University of Sussex, UK, says the work shows the importance of demographics when it comes to cutting carbon emissions. Most modelling of climate change mitigation (减缓气候变化的模型) assumes people's energy consumption either stays the same or only changes by a small amount over time. "This study directly challenges that entire body of research by forcing it to fight with the temporality and complexity of the consumption of energy, says Sovacool. Catherine Mitchell at the University of Exeter, UK, says the research could have an important influence on policy makers. "What the paper says is that there is a lot of work about how buildings - 13 - use energy, but probably not enough about how the people in them use energy," she says. 28. By saying “not just because we tend to get wealthier" in Paragraph 2, the writer probably means that ______. A. poor people can't bring down the high demand for energy B a comfortable life is not the main cause of in creased energy use C. there are some other reasons leading to the increase in energy consumption D. people being wealthy or not has nothing to do with the rise of energy consumption 29. Which of the following statements is Hossein Estiri most likely to support? A. Energy will stop increasing when people get older. B. His research could inspire policymakers to change current polices. C. Various factors influencing energy consumption should be considered. D. Old people should use fossil fuel-free rather than electrical energy to keep cool. 30. What is the shortcoming of most modeling of climate change mitigation? A. It is expensive and difficult to promote. B. It overestimates the household energy consumption. C. It did not take climate change adaptation into account. D. It regards energy consumption as stable or as only slightly changing. 31. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. More emphasis should be put on people's energy use. B. The government can't do much without the support of the study. C. It is the buildings, not the people in side, that consume the majority of the energy. D. Policymakers have been working on how to cut down people's energy use. 【答案】28. C 29. C 30. D 31. A 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人口老龄化对全球气候变化产生很大影响。 【28 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据下文“An ageing population could mean a greater proportion of society with higher energy use, their study suggests.”(他们的研究表明，人口老龄化可能意味着更大比例的 社会有更高的能源使用)可推断，“energy use increases as we get older, and not just because we tend to get wealthier.”的句意是：随着年龄的增长，能源的使用也会增加，而不仅仅是因为我 - 14 - 们倾向于变得更富有。也就是说还有一些其他原因导致能源消耗增加。故选 C。 【29 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段的“This confluence (汇集)of population, ageing and climate change on energy demand is really important to start thinking about," says Estiri.”(埃斯蒂里说:“人口、老龄化和气候变化对能源需求的影响是非常重要的，值得开 始考虑)可推断，埃斯蒂里最可能支持影响能源消耗的各种因素都需要考虑。故选 C。 【30 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“Most modelling of climate change mitigation (减缓气候变化的 模型 ) assumes people's energy consumption either stays the same or only changes by a small amount over time.”(大多数减缓气候变化的模型都假设人们的能源消耗要么保持不变，要么随 时间发生少量变化。)可知，大多数气候变化缓解模型的缺点是认为能源消耗是稳定的或只是 轻微的变化。故选 D。 【31 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“What the paper says is that there is a lot of work about how buildings use energy, but probably not enough about how the people in them use energy”(论文上 说，关于建筑物如何使用能源，有很多工作要做，但关于建筑物中的人如何使用能源，可能 还不够)可推断， 应该更加强调人们的能源使用。故选 A。 第二节 阅读下面短文和问题，根据短文内容和每小题后的具体要求，在答题卡相应题号后的横线上 写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答，答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。 Most painters discover a style of painting that suits them and stick to that, especially if people admire their pictures. But Picasso, the great Spanish painter, was like a man who had not yet found his own particular style of painting. He kept on struggling to find the perfect expression till his death in 1973. Some of Picasso’s paintings are rich, soft, colored and beautiful. Others are ugly and cruel and strange. But such paintings allow us to _____________ for ourselves. They force us to say to our selves, “What does he see that makes him paint like that?” And we begin to look beneath the surface of the things we see. Picasso painted thousands of pictures in different styles. Sometimes he painted the natural look - 15 - of things. Sometimes he seemed to break them apart and throw the pieces in our faces. He showed us what the mind knows as well as what the eye sees. At the age of 90 he remained as curious about the world as he had been when he was young. That is why people have called him “the youngest painter in the world”. 32. What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words.) _________________________________________________________________. 33. Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one ? At times, things in some of his pictures seemed to be in disorder. _________________________________________________________________ 34. Please fill in the blank with proper words to complete the sentence.(Please answer within 10 words.) _________________________________________________________________ 35. Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese. __________________________________________________________________ 【答案】32. Picasso’s particular style of painting. 33. Sometimes he seemed to break them apart and throw the pieces in our faces. 34. imagine things 35. 他 90岁高龄时，仍像小时候一样，对世界充满了好奇。这就是为什么人们称他为“世界上 最年轻的画家”的原因。 【解析】 本篇文章是记叙文。文章描写的是大画家毕加索独特的作画风格。 【32 题详解】 主旨大意题。第一段讲“大多数画家会有一种适合自己的绘画风格，但毕加索一直在寻找自 己的完美的独特绘画风格”，第二段讲“毕加索画作的特点”，第三段讲“毕加索不同风格 的画作”，可知文章主要讲毕加索独特的绘画风格。故答案为：Picasso’s particular style of painting.。 【33 题详解】 句意猜测题。“At times, things in some of his pictures seemed to be in disorder.”（有时，他的一 些照片中的东西似乎杂乱无章。）。由第三段中的“Sometimes he seemed to break them apart and throw the pieces in our faces.”（有时他似乎把它们分开，把碎片扔到我们脸上。），可知毕加索 - 16 - 的画把东西割裂了，画面是碎片，这给人一种杂乱无章的感觉，所以“At times, things in some of his pictures seemed to be in disorder.”可以代替这句话。故答案为：Sometimes he seemed to break them apart and throw the pieces in our faces.。 【34 题详解】 推理判断题。由第二段中的“Some of Picasso’s paintings are rich, soft, colored and beautiful. Others are ugly and cruel and strange.”（毕加索的一些画作丰富、柔和、色彩艳丽。其他的画 作丑陋、残忍、奇怪。）和“And we begin to look beneath the surface of the things we see.”（我 们开始看我们所看到的事物的表面之下。），可知毕加索的画作类型多变、美丑不一，欣赏者 要看到画作事物的表面（即本质）之下，需要发挥想象力，通过想象事物从画作的表面看到 本质，此处应填“imagine things”。故答案为：imagine things。 【35 题详解】 考查句子翻译。at the age of…（在……岁）， as…as...（和……一样），That is why…（这就是 为什么……的原因）故答案为：“他 90岁高龄时，仍像小时候一样，对世界充满了好奇。这 就是为什么人们称他为“世界上最年轻的画家”的原因。”。 四、书面表达(共 1小题，20分) 36. 假定你是李华，你的美国朋友 Jack来信说，他暑假后将到北京大学留学。请你根据以下 内容给他写一封回信，告知有关情况。 1．简单介绍北京大学； 2．生活便利、居民友善； 3．留学期间，愿提供任何帮助。 注意：词数 100左右：开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jack， I glad to know that you will come to China for further study．Now let me tell you what you are concerned with． ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ I’m looking forward to meeting you in Beijing． Yours sincerely, Li Hua - 17 - 【答案】Dear Jack, I’m glad to know that you will come to China for further study. Now let me tell you what you are concerned with. As is known to us, Beijing University is one of the top universities in China, which is famous for its excellent teaching in art and culture. Studying there, you are sure to get improved in every aspect. This is the first time for you to live in a foreign country alone, but yon don’t need to worry about the life there, because it is located in the business center of Beijing. Therefore, it is extremely convenient for you to live there. Besides, most people in Beijing are both kind and hospitable to foreigners. I’d like to help you find a proper host family nearby the university if necessary. I’m looking forward to our meeting in Beijing. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给他的美国朋友 Jack来信说，他暑假后将到北京大学留 学。请你根据以下内容给他写一封回信，告知有关情况。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1．简单介绍北京大学； 2．生活便利、居民友善； 3．留学期间，愿提供任何帮助 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） be famous for ,be sure to do, worry about, be located in, get improved in, be hospitable to 第三步：连词成句 As is known to us, Beijing University is one of the top universities in China, which is famous for its excellent teaching in art and culture. - 18 - Studying there, you are sure to get improved in every aspect. This is the first time for you to live in a foreign country alone, but yon don’t need to worry about the life there, because it is located in the business center of Beijing. Therefore, it is extremely convenient for you to live there. Besides, most people in Beijing are both kind and hospitable to foreigners. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表并列补充关系： Besides 2.表因果关系： Therefore 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 【点睛】[高分句型 1] As is known to us, Beijing University is one of the top universities in China, which is famous for its excellent teaching in art and culture.as 和 which 引导的非限制性定语从句 [高分句型 2] This is the first time for you to live in a foreign country alone, but yon don’t need to worry about the life there, because it is located in the business center of Beijing.because 引导的原因状语从句