2020年陕西省西安中学高考英语四模试卷

2020年陕西省西安中学高考英语四模试卷

‎2020年陕西省西安中学高考英语四模试卷 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1.     You wake up and the weather is all wet． What are you going to do today?  Here are four ideas to try when it's raining cats and dogs．     Puppet （木偶） showtime     You can create your own puppets with items your parents already have around the house． First,  you'll need some old socks or brown paper bags． Then get busy decorating them with markers,  crayons,  glitter,  string,  ribbons,  buttons﹣even dry macaroni（通心粉）! Give your puppets names and funny voices． You might want to make up a special story for them． To make your show even better,  use a cardboard box as a stage．     Build a castle     Ask your parents for some old sheets,  blankets,  or comforters． Spread them over chairs or other furniture to create a top﹣secret hideout． Bring a flashlight,  a good book to read,  and maybe even a snack． And don't forget to think of a secret password．     Dress﹣up time     Both boys and girls can have fun trying on old clothes． Ask your parents to let you try on old hats,  jewelry,  shoes,  and clothes． Do you want to be a doctor?  You can pretend an old white shirt is a lab coat． Or maybe you see yourself as a movie star．     Say thanks     Birthdays and holidays are chances for us to thank people who love us and take good care of us． But it can be a special treat to get a gift or a card on an ordinary day． Think of the people who make you happy and then come up with a way to show them your care． It might be an aunt,  uncle,  grandmother,  neighbor,  or babysitter． It could even be your mom or dad! Use your arts and craft supplies to create a special card． You will be delivering sunshine on a rainy day! ‎ ‎（1）What can you do to make your puppet show much better？________‎ A. Creating your puppet by yourself．‎ B. Offering your puppet a good name．‎ C. Giving a special story for your puppet．‎ D. Using a cardboard box as a stage．．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（2）According to the passage， which of the following can be used to create a castle？________‎ A. Old sheets， blankets or chairs．‎ B. Old socks or brown paper bags．‎ C. Markers， crayons or comforters．‎ D. Ribbons， chairs or other furniture．．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（3）The passage is mainly written to________．‎ A. tell us how to keep safe when it rains heavily B. encourage kids to do some things themselves C. introduce some ways of making our home beautiful D. advise us how to make rainy days fun and meaningful．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.     Do you believe that blood types can determine your personality?  People in Japan take blood types very seriously,  according to a recent BBC report． They have big implications for life,  work and love． "What's your blood type? " is often a key question in everything from matchmaking to job applications．     Last year,  four of Japan's top 10 best﹣sellers were about how blood type determines personality,  selling more than 5 million copies altogether． Why is it such a popular belief that they determine one's character?  Taku Kabeya,  chief editor,  the publisher of one of the books,  told The Huffington Post that he thought the appeal of these books comes from having one's self﹣image confirmed． Readers discover the definition of their blood type and "It's like 'Yes,  that's me!'" A popular reason often given about the ________ is that in a relatively homogenous （一致） society,  it provides a simple framework to divide people up into easily recognizable groups． "Being the same is considered a good thing here in Japanese society, " translator Chie Kobayashi told the BBC． "But we enjoy finding little differences that distinguish people．"     As defined by the books,  type As are sensitive perfectionists and good team players,  but they tend to be over﹣anxious． Type Os are curious and generous but stubborn,  while ABs are artistic but also mysterious and unpredictable． Type Bs are cheerful,  but have eccentric （怪癖的）,  individualistic and selfish traits （特点）．     The beliefs surrounding blood groups have been used in unusual ways． The women's softball team that won gold for Japan at the Beijing Olympics is reported to have used blood type theories to design training for each player． Major companies reportedly make decisions about assignments based on employees' blood types,  for example,  in 1990 the Asahi Daily newspaper reported that Mitsubishi Electronics （日本三菱电器） had announced the creation of a team made up entirely of A workers． ‎ ‎（1）What is the popular belief in Japan according to the passage？________‎ A. Being the same is considered a good thing．‎ B. Blood types can determine personality．‎ C. Happy marriage is based on personality．‎ D. It is fashionable to buy top 10 best﹣sellers．．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（2）What does the underlined word craze in the second paragraph probably mean？________‎ A. fashion B. behavior C. attraction D. habit．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（3）Why did Mitsubishi Electronics hire so many workers with blood type A？________‎ A. Because they are mysterious artistic and unpredictable．‎ B. Because they are perfectionists， good team players．‎ C. Because they are curious and generous but stubborn．‎ 第17页 共20页 ◎ 第18页 共20页 D. Because they are cheerful， but have eccentric traits．．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（4）This passage is likely to be selected from a book of________．‎ A. medicine B. teamwork C. geography D. culture．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.     Would you believe that the first outstanding deaf teacher in America was a Frenchman?  His name was Laurent Cleric． He became a friend of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and together they founded America's first school for the deaf．     Laurent Cleric was born in a small village near Lyons,  France,  on December 26,  1785． When he was one year old,  he fell into a fire,  losing both his hearing and his sense of smell． At 12,  Laurent entered the Royal Institution for the Deaf in Paris where he excelled in his studies． After he graduated,  the school asked him to stay on as an assistant teacher．     Meanwhile,  in America,  Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet was studying to be a minister． He was very concerned about the lack of educational opportunities for the deaf． Therefore,  in 1815,  Gallaudet sailed to London,  England to seek ideas on how to teach deaf people． While he was there,  he met a French educator of the deaf who invited him to go to Paris to spend three months learning at the Royal Institution for the Deaf,  the school where Laurent Cleric was teaching． Gallaudet accepted the offer． The two worked and studied well together． When the time came for Gallaudet to return,  he asked Cleric to come with him． Cleric accepted on one condition:  that he would stay in America only a short time．     The two men set sail on June 18,  1816． The voyage across the Atlantic Ocean took 52 days;  however,  Cleric and Gallaudet put the time to good use． Cleric studied English,  and Gallaudet studied sign language． They discussed the school for the deaf which they planned to open． On the long trip,  they had many conversations about education and deafness． The year after they arrived,  they founded a school for the deaf in Harford,  Connecticut．     At the school,  Cleric led a busy life． He taught signs to Principal Gallaudet;  he taught the pupils;  and he taught hearing men who came to the school to study deaf education．     In 1819,  Cleric married Eliza Crocker Boardman,  one of his pupils． They had six children． He retired from teaching in 1858． Although he had intended to return to France,  he never did． He died on July 18,  1869 in the United States． ‎ ‎（1）Why did Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet sail to London？________‎ A. He needed to finish his studies to become a minister．‎ B. It was the easiest way to get to France．‎ C. He wanted to study their system of deaf education．‎ D. He wanted to marry Alice Cogswell．．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（2）From the information in this passage we can infer that________．‎ A. Laurent Cleric was an intelligent man B. Cleric had difficulties learning language C. Cleric married Eliza in order to get his Green Card D. Cleric was paid well because he made such important contributions to society．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（3）On their trip from Paris to America， Cleric and Gallaudet________．‎ A. played cards and socialized B. studied and discussed their plans for a deaf school C. founded a school for the deaf D. Gallaudet studied English and Cleric studied Sign Language．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（4）The main idea of this passage could best be stated as________．‎ A. Cleric managed his time well， and was able to teach a lot of information in a short period of time B. Thomas Gallaudet was indebted to Cleric for all that he taught him C. Cleric preferred teaching deaf students to hearing students D. Cleric， an educated Frenchman， had a great influence on American Deaf Education．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.     In the early days of sea travel,  seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits． Many of them died of scurvy （坏血病）,  a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums （牙龈）,  livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion． On one occasion,  in 1535,  an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill． The men's lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat． Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors' diet and Captain Cook,  on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand,  established the fact that scurvy could be prevented by the supply of fresh fruit for the sailors．     Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing． These elements are called "vitamins"． Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them,  A,  B,  C,  D,  and so on． Different diseases are associated with shortages of particular vitamins． Even a slight lack of Vitamin C,  for example,  the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables,  is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility （敏感度） to colds and influenza．     The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet,  including a variety of fruit and green vegetables． It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet,  say during extended periods of religious fasting （斋戒）,  or when trying to lose weight,  that it is necessary to make special supply to make up for the missing vitamins． ‎ ‎（1）Scurvy is a disease that is caused by________．‎ A. salted meat and biscuits B. exhaustion C. lack of some essential substances D. need of fresh vegetables and fruits．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（2）To avoid such disease as scurvy， it's better for us________．‎ 第17页 共20页 ◎ 第18页 共20页 A. not to eat much salted meat B. to supply our diet with various vitamin pills C. to have more fresh fruit and vegetables D. to develop a good dietary habit．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（3）Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough，________．‎ A. vitamin pills are of no use B. nutritious food might be unhealthy C. vegetable leaves can be a good treatment D. religious fasting may help out a lot．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎（4）Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea of the passage？________‎ A. Shortages of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases．‎ B. Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body．‎ C. Vitamins play a vitally important role in people's health．‎ D. A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us．‎ 第二节 （共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项填入空白处．选项中有两项为多余选项．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ If you think you're not especially smart or capable， or that failure is bound no matter how hard you try， you're right． （1）_______You can do it by using these five tips to start appearing as confident on the outside as you will soon feel on the inside． • Buy clothes that fit． Clothes never make the person， but it's hard to feel confident inside when your outside sends signals of uncertainty． （2）_______ • Keep laughing． Laughter releases some of the tension that builds in your body each day．（3）_______You don't have to overdo it， but a bit of humor goes a long way toward elevating your level of confidence． • （4）_______ It helps to break things down into achievable pieces， and start to accomplish them， easy ones first， thus you will develop a mindset of success． This， in turn， makes it easier to feel confident． Whatever your goals may be， find something you desire， make a promise to see it through to the end， and then feel the confidence of success． • Realize you know more than you think you do． （5）_______Admitting you don't have the answer is the first step toward finding it， and the right answers pave the road to confidence． • Be enthusiastic． Be happy and excited， and allow the world to see it． Your joy and confidence will be infectious． Start with any of the five items on this list， and start feeling better inside out today! A． Set reasonable goals． B． But confidence is like any other skill you develop． C． Wait until you have a good shape to start to dress well． D． Love what you're wearing and the world is likely to love it too． E． Surround yourself with people who deserve your love and dignity． F． If you don't know something， there's no shame in asking for the answer． G． Include your routine with the people or media that make you really happy． ‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空 （共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．‎ ‎ ‎ ‎     One cold evening,  I was waiting outside for a taxi in New York City． Later,  I was（1）_______ by a man in his thirties． Obviously,  he was angry,  complaining how （2）_______New Yorkers were． I knew my（3）_______would only be about 10 minutes and a part of me wanted to keep（4）_______ and just move on,  but I also wanted to try and connect．     I asked him why． He told me he had just come from JFK airport （5）_______ a customer,  which means ＄70 in lost fare （车费）,  a fairly big deal． I tried to share his（6）_______． Gradually,  he calmed down． He mentioned he had read an article （7）_______ that the happiest people are those who give．（8）_______,  he hoped to have more chance to（9）_______in his life,  I was starting to （10）_______ being with him!     Arriving at my destination,  I paid him,  giving a generous tip． I also pulled out an extra ＄20 and said,  "Sir,  I share the same （11）_______of giving with you． Here's the extra money for you． （12）_______it,  since you've already（13）_______ ＄70 from JFK． But,  if you want to experience the （14）_______of giving,  give it to the next （15）_______．"     For a moment I thought I was so（16）_______! But the driver（17）_______ me by saying,  "Sir,  I have a（18）_______ idea． You give that ＄20 to a homeless person and I will serve the next rider for free．"     It was an honor meeting the driver and learning the lesson of（19）_______everyone is able to give and surprise（20）_______ with their generosity． ‎ ‎（1）‎ A.taken up B.picked up C.sent up D.put up ‎ ‎ ‎（2）‎ A.serious B.cruel C.horrible D.strict ‎ ‎ ‎（3）‎ A.ride B.flight C.way D.distance ‎ ‎ ‎（4）‎ A.free B.calm C.busy D.silent ‎ ‎ ‎（5）‎ A.with B.without C.for D.to 第17页 共20页 ◎ 第18页 共20页 ‎ ‎ ‎（6）‎ A.delight B.worry C.unhappiness D.surprise ‎ ‎ ‎（7）‎ A.saying B.writing C.telling D.speaking ‎ ‎ ‎（8）‎ A.Otherwise B.However C.Besides D.Therefore ‎ ‎ ‎（9）‎ A.give B.share C.take D.forgive ‎ ‎ ‎（10）‎ A.mind B.regret C.enjoy D.hate ‎ ‎ ‎（11）‎ A.idea B.action C.practice D.story ‎ ‎ ‎（12）‎ A.Forget B.Keep C.Put D.Pay ‎ ‎ ‎（13）‎ A.given B.got C.lost D.gained ‎ ‎ ‎（14）‎ A.force B.energy C.strength D.power ‎ ‎ ‎（15）‎ A.passenger B.conductor C.stranger D.tourist ‎ ‎ ‎（16）‎ A.bad B.cool C.silly D.simple ‎ ‎ ‎（17）‎ A.disappointed B.satisfied C.surprised D.encouraged ‎ ‎ ‎（18）‎ A.better B.further C.worse D.newer ‎ ‎ ‎（19）‎ A.what B.when C.which D.how ‎ ‎ ‎（20）‎ A.one B.another C.other D.some 第二节 （共1小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ On Feb 22nd， 2018， Chinese skater Wu Dajing became the first Chinese man （1）________ （win） an Olympic short track gold medal， （2）________（claim） China's first gold medal at the Pyeongchang Games． And on Nov 11， Wu Dajing， 24， set （3）________new world record． It took him just 39.505 seconds to finish the men's 500﹣meter race at the 2018 Short Track World Cup， （4）________took place in Salt Lake City， US． Shaoang Liu， who competed against WU at the World Cup， （5）________（shake） his head in disbelief after the race． "It's（6）________（true） lucky to have been in a world record race，" Liu said． "The rest of us are all on a certain level but Wu is just， like， 'up here'．" Indeed， every time Wu skates， he leaves his （7）________（compete） behind within seconds． Wu is untouchable， not only for dominating his sport， but also for his unusual （8）________（high） （182cm， tall for a short tracker）． Wu owes his success （9）________his self﹣discipline． He started to skate at the age of 10． He got up at 4 am every day to practice． He never （10）________（eat） meat or has carbonated drinks， even though he loves cola very much． Only once has Wu broken his self﹣made rule once﹣just after his win at the Winter Olympics． ‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分10分）第一节 短文改错 （共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改． 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词． 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉． 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词． 注意： 1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分． As we all know，culture is similar with an iceberg （冰山）．There are cultural roles where are obvious and easily to understand．Most of our cultural values，however，is not clear or hidden．For example，when you will visit a restaurant in Japan，people may sit in the floor and use chopsticks to eat．These eat habits are easy to come across．You may not know，therefore，that it's common for a man to sit cross﹣legged on the floor，but it's not 第17页 共20页 ◎ 第18页 共20页 ‎ considered acceptable for woman to do so．You have to study people's body language to understanding this less obvious cultural rule． ‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 假设你是李华，是某国际学校的学生会主席．最近，你校发起了"消除不良行为习惯"的活动．请你代表学生会写一封倡议书．内容包括： 1． 列举学生的不良行为习惯（迟到、乱扔垃圾、缺失礼仪等）； 2． 好习惯的重要性（决定命运、传承美德等）； 3． 发出倡议． 注意：1． 词数100左右； 2． 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯． ‎ 第17页 共20页 ◎ 第18页 共20页 参考答案与试题解析 ‎2020年陕西省西安中学高考英语四模试卷 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分30分）第一节 （共4小题；每小题6分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．‎ ‎1.‎ ‎【答案】‎ D A D ‎【考点】‎ 广告布告类阅读 ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了一些下雨天在家里可以进行的一些活动．‎ ‎【解答】‎ ‎（1）D． 细节理解题．根据第二段"You might want to make up a special story for them． To make your show even better， use a cardboard box as a stage．为了让你的表演更精彩，用一个纸板箱作为舞台．"可知用一个纸板箱作为舞台使你的木偶戏变得更好．故选D．‎ ‎（2）A． 细节理解题．根据部分"Ask your parents for some old sheets， blankets， or comforters． Spread them over chairs or other furniture to create a top﹣secret hideout．向你的父母要一些旧床单、毯子或棉被．把它们铺在椅子或其他家具上，创造一个绝密的藏身之处．"可知旧床单、毯子或椅子可以用来建造城堡．故选A．‎ ‎（3）D． 目的意图题．阅读全文以及根据第一段"You wake up and the weather is all wet． What are you going to do today？ Here are four ideas to try when it's raining cats and dogs．当你醒来的时候，天都是湿的．你今天要做什么？这里有四个方法可以在下雨的时候试试．"可知这篇文章主要是告诉我们如何让雨天变得有趣和有意义．故选D．‎ ‎2.‎ ‎【答案】‎ B A B D ‎【考点】‎ 社会文化类阅读 ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文．文章主要介绍了日本人认为血型能决定性格，它们对生活、工作和爱情都有很大的影响．‎ ‎【解答】‎ ‎（1）B． 细节理解题．根据第一段Do you believe that blood types can determine your personality？ People in Japan take blood types very seriously， according to a recent BBC report．（你相信血型能决定你的性格吗？根据英国广播公司最近的一篇报道，日本人非常重视血型）可知，根据这篇文章，在日本流行的信仰是血型可以决定一个人的性格．故选B．‎ ‎（2）A． 词义猜测题．根据第二段Last year， four of Japan's top 10 best﹣sellers were about how blood type determines personality， selling more than 5 million copies altogether．（去年，日本十大畅销书中有四本都是关于血型如何决定性格的，共卖出了500多万册）可知，"血型决定性格"的想法，在日本是一种潮流．划线词所在的句子意思是关于这股热潮，人们通常给出的一个流行的理由是，在一个相对单一的社会里，它提供了一个简单的框架，把人们分成容易辨认的群体．craze意思是潮流，A． fashion潮流；B． behavior行为；C． attraction吸引；D． habit习惯．故选A．‎ ‎（3）B． 细节理解题．根据第三段As defined by the books， type As are sensitive perfectionists and good team players， but they tend to be over﹣anxious．（根据书中的定义，A型血的人是敏感的完美主义者和优秀的团队成员，但他们往往过于焦虑）和最后一段Major companies reportedly make decisions about assignments based on employees' blood types， for example， in 1990 the Asahi Daily newspaper reported that Mitsubishi Electronics （日本三菱电器） had announced the creation of a team made up entirely of A workers．（据报道，大公司根据员工的血型来决定分配工作．例如，1990年，《朝日日报》报道称，三菱电子宣布成立一个完全由A型血员工组成的团队）可知，三菱电子雇佣这么多A型血的员工是因为他们是完美主义者，是优秀的团队队员．故选B．‎ ‎（4）D． 文章出处题．第一段Do you believe that blood types can determine your personality？ People in Japan take blood types very seriously， according to a recent BBC report． They have big implications for life， work and love．（你相信血型能决定你的性格吗？根据英国广播公司最近的一篇报道，日本人非常重视血型．它们对生活、工作和爱情都有很大的影响）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了日本人认为血型能决定性格，它们对生活、工作和爱情都有很大的影响．由此推断出，这篇文章可能选自一本关于"文化"的书．故选D．‎ ‎3.‎ ‎【答案】‎ C A B D ‎【考点】‎ 阅读理解综合 人物故事 故事类阅读 ‎【解析】‎ 本文记叙了一个受教育的法国男士，他在美国的一个聋哑学校影响很大．‎ ‎【解答】‎ ‎（1）C． 细节理解题．根据第四段"he was concerned about the lack of opportunities for deaf people in America他担心美国的聋人缺乏机会．和he went to London to seek ideas on how to teach deaf people．他去伦敦寻找教授聋人的方法"可知托马斯•霍普金斯•加劳德要去伦敦是他想研究他们的聋哑教育体系．故选C．‎ ‎（2）A． 推理判断题．根据文中第二段" At 12， Laurent entered the Royal Institution for the Deaf in Paris where he excelled in his studies． After he graduated， the school asked him to stay on as an assistant teacher．12岁时，劳伦特进入了皇家巴黎聋哑学院，在那里他学习成绩优异． 他毕业后，学校要求他留下来当助教．"可知劳伦特•克莱奇是个聪明人．故选A．‎ ‎（3）B． 细节理解题．根据第6段中"they studied English and Sign Language， and discussed the school for the 第17页 共20页 ◎ 第18页 共20页 ‎ deaf which they planned to open．他们学习英语和手语，并讨论了他们计划开办的聋哑学校"可知在他们从巴黎到美国的旅行中，牧师和加劳德布研究并讨论了他们建立聋校的计划．故选B．‎ ‎（4）D． 主旨大意题．阅读全文以及根据第一段"Would you believe that the first outstanding deaf teacher in America was a Frenchman？ His name was Laurent Cleric． He became a friend of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and together they founded America's first school for the deaf．你相信美国第一位杰出的聋哑教师是法国人吗？ 他的名字是 laurent 教士． 他成了 Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet 的朋友，他们一起建立了美国第一所聋哑学校．"围绕Clerc和他对美国聋儿教育的影响，所以D项正确，而A项面太窄，B项偏离主题，本文针对的不是Thomas Gallaudet，C项文中根本没提到偏爱做一名教师．故选D．‎ ‎4.‎ ‎【答案】‎ C D B C ‎【考点】‎ 阅读理解综合 完形综合 ‎【解析】‎ 本文属于健康环保类的短文阅读．文章通过介绍了早期的海员因为缺乏蔬菜和水果而患了坏死病的事例说明我们的饮食要全面，维生素在我们的饮食中至关重要，要有一个好的饮食习惯．‎ ‎【解答】‎ ‎（1）C．细节理解题．根据第一段Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors' diet（渐渐地，人们逐渐认识到坏血病是由于水手的饮食不足引起的）以及established the fact that scurvy could be prevented by the supply of fresh fruit for the sailors（证实了向水手供应新鲜水果可以预防坏血病的事实）可知，坏死病是由于缺乏基本的物质引起的．故选C．‎ ‎（2）D．推理判断题．根据最后一段The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet， including a variety of fruit and green vegetables（健康身体所需的维生素通常由良好的混合饮食提供，包括各种水果和绿色蔬菜）以及结合前面的水手患坏死病的事例可知，保持一个好的饮食习惯是基本的要求，结合选项可知，D项to develop a good dietary habit（养成一个好的饮食习惯）符合文意．故选D．‎ ‎（3）B．推理判断题．根据第二段 Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing（现在人们知道，如果缺少某些重要元素，不含任何有害物质的饮食也可能会导致严重的疾病）可知，如果我们的饮食不全面，我们所吃的营养物质也是不完全健康的．故选B．‎ ‎（4）C．主旨大意题．根据本文内容的描述以及第二段Different diseases are associated with shortages of particular vitamins． Even a slight lack of Vitamin C， for example， the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables， is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility （敏感度） to colds and influenza（不同的疾病都与特定维生素的缺乏有关，即使是轻微缺乏维生素C，例如新鲜水果和蔬菜中含量最丰富的维生素C，也被认为会显著增加我们对感冒和流感的易感性）可知，维生素在我们的健康中起着至关重要的作用，所以C项Vitamins play a vitally important role in people's health作为文章的主旨大意比较准确．故选C．‎ 第二节 （共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项填入空白处．选项中有两项为多余选项．‎ ‎【答案】‎ B,D,G,A,F ‎【考点】‎ 阅读理解综合 说明文语法填空 七选五阅读 ‎【解析】‎ 本文讲述了如何让自己变得更优秀，首先我们要足够自信，其次我们还要学会不耻下问，最后，我们应该选择和快乐幽默的人相处．‎ ‎【解答】‎ ‎（7）﹣（6）BDGAF （7）B．推理判断题．根据前文"If you think you're not especially smart or capable （有能力的），or that failure is bound no matter how hard you try， you're right"可知如果没有自信，不论你多么努力，都注定会失败，"所以和B项"But confidence is like any other skill you develop．说自信就像你开发的其他新技能一样，"相吻合，故选B． （6）D．细节理解题．根据前文"Buy clothes that fit． Clothes never make the person， but it's hard to feel confident inside when your outside sends signals of uncertainty买合身的衣服．衣服永远不能造就人，但当你的外表发出不确定的信号时，你很难在内心感到自信．"可知和D项"Love what you're wearing and the world is likely to love it too．只要买适合自己的衣服就行，因为只要足够自信，相信你穿的衣服很漂亮，那么其他人也会觉得你的衣服很美．"相吻合．故选D． （7）G．推理判断题．根据前文" Keep laughing． releases （释放） some of the tension that builds in your bodyeachday保持笑声．释放（释放）身体内的一些紧张情绪．"可知和G项"Include your routine with the people or media that make you really happy要把你的日常生活重心安排在那些让你感到快乐的人上"相吻合．故选G （6）A．归纳总结题．根据后面的" Whatever your goals may be， find something you trulydesire， make a promise to see itthrough to the end， and then feelthe confidence of 8ucces无论你的目标是什么，找到你真正想要的东西，许下一个承诺，直到最后看到它，然后感受到8个成功者的信心．"可知无论你的目标是什么，都应该找到你真正想要的东西，然后去实现它，所以和A项"Set reasonable goals要制定一个合理的目标"相吻合．故选A． （6）F．推理判断题．根据后面的" Admitting you don't have theanswer is the first step toward finding it承认你没有答案是找到答案的第一步"可知承认自己不会，是找到答案第一步，和F项"If you don't know something， there's no shame in asking for the answer如果你有不懂的，那就不要羞于寻求答案，要不耻下问"相吻合．故选F．‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节 完形填空 （共1小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．‎ ‎【答案】‎ B C A 第17页 共20页 ◎ 第18页 共20页 D B C A D A C A B C D A B C A D B ‎【考点】‎ 阅读理解综合 完形综合 说明文语法填空 ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者与一位出租车司机的对白，感受到生活中的这样一个哲理：要学会如何能慷慨给予别人帮助．‎ ‎【解答】‎ ‎（1）B．考查动词短语及语境理解．A．take up从事，B．pick up接送，C．send up发送，D．put up张贴，我被一个三十多岁的人接上车，故答案为B．‎ ‎（2）C．考查形容词及语境理解．A．serious严肃的，B．cruel残忍的，C．horrible可怕的，D．strict严格的，他一直在抱怨纽约是多么得可怕，故答案为C．‎ ‎（3）A．考查名词及语境理解．A． ride 乘车；骑行；B． flight 航行；C． way 路；D． distance距离．此处ride意为：乘车的路程．我知道我乘车的路程也只不过10分钟，故答案为A．‎ ‎（4）D．考查形容词及语境理解．A．free免费的，B．calm冷静的，C．busy繁忙的，D．silent安静的，因为路程短我只想保持沉默前行，故答案为D．‎ ‎（5）B．考查介词及语境理解．A．with随着，B．without没有，C．for为了，D．to去往，他告诉我他刚刚从JFK机场来没有一个乘客，故答案为B．‎ ‎（6）C．考查名词及语境理解．A．delight高兴，B．worry担忧，C．unhappiness不高兴，D．surprise惊讶，因为没有乘客自然很不高兴，我分享他的不高兴，故答案为C．‎ ‎（7）A．考查动词及语境理解．A．saying说，B．writing写，C．telling告诉，D．speaking讲，他提到他看过一篇文章，文字上说着"最幸福的人们是那些给予的人们"，使用saying，故答案为A．‎ ‎（8）D．考查副词及语境理解．A．otherwise不然的话，B．however然而，C．besides此外，D．therefore所以，因为想成为幸福的人，所以他希望在生活中有更多的机会给予，故答案为D．‎ ‎（9）A．考查动词及语境理解．A．give给，B．share分享，C．take拿走，D．forgive原谅，所以他希望在生活中有更多的机会给予，故答案为A．‎ ‎（10）C．考查动词及语境理解．A．mind介意，B．regret后悔，C．enjoy享受，D．hate讨厌，我开始喜欢和他在一起，故答案为C．‎ ‎（11）A．考查名词及语境理解．A．idea想法，B．action行为，C．practice练习，D．story故事，我跟你一样有着分享的想法，故答案为A．‎ ‎（12）B．考查动词及语境理解．A．forget忘记，B．keep保存；保持，C．put放置，D．pay支付，我叫他把钱拿着，故答案为B．‎ ‎（13）C．考查动词及语境理解．A． given 给；B． got得到； C． lost 损失；失去；D． gained 获得；根据语境我知道司机已经从JFK机场回来损失了70美元，故答案为C．‎ ‎（14）D．考查名词及语境理解．A．force武力，B．energy能量，C．strength力量，D．power能力，如果你想体会给予的力量，你把它给下一个乘客，故答案为D．‎ ‎（15）A．考查名词及语境理解．A． passenger 乘客；B． conductor 售票员；C． stranger 陌生人；D． tourist 游客；根据语境如果你想体会给予的力量，你把它给下一个乘客，因此使用passenger，故答案为A．‎ ‎（16）B．考查形容词及语境理解．A．bad坏的，B．cool酷的，C．silly愚蠢的，D．simple简单的，那一刻我的感觉棒极了．此处cool意为：好极了，棒极了，故答案为B．‎ ‎（17）C．考查动词及语境理解．A．disappointed失望，B．satisfied满意，C．surprised惊讶，D．encouraged鼓舞，但是司机说的话让我感到惊讶，故答案为C．‎ ‎（18）A．考查形容词及语境理解．A．better更好的，B．further更远的，C．worse更糟糕的，D．newer更新的，司机有一个更好的想法，故答案为A．‎ ‎（19）D．考查连词及语境理解．A．what什么，B．when什么时候，C．which哪一个，D．how怎样，很荣幸能学习到每个人是如何给予别人的，故答案为D．‎ ‎（20）B．考查代词及语境理解．A． one 一个；B． another另一个； C． other其他； D． some 一些；根据语境此处指用自己的慷慨使另一个人感到惊讶，使用another，故答案为B．‎ 第二节 （共1小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）‎ ‎【答案】‎ to win,claiming,a,which,shook,truly,competitors,height,to,eats ‎【考点】‎ 说明文语法填空 阅读理解综合 完形综合 ‎【解析】‎ 本文讲述2018年2月22日，中国滑冰运动员武大靖成为第一个获得奥运会短道速滑金牌的中国男子，11月11日，24岁的武大靖创造了新的世界纪录．他的成功归功于他的自律．‎ 第17页 共20页 ◎ 第18页 共20页 ‎【解答】‎ ‎（1）to win．考查不定式．句意为：2018年2月22日，中国滑冰运动员吴大靖成为首位获得奥运会短道金牌的中国男子，在平昌奥运会上夺得中国第一枚金牌．the first（+名词），后跟不定式作后置定语，故填to win． （2）claiming．考查现在分词．句意为：2018年2月22日，中国滑冰运动员吴大靖成为首位获得奥运会短道金牌的中国男子，在平昌奥运会上夺得中国第一枚金牌．指代前面句子的直接结果，所以用现在分词作结果主语，故填claiming． （3）a．考查冠词．句意为：11月11日，24岁的吴大靖创造了新的世界纪录．泛指一个，所以用不定冠词，故填a． （4）which．考查非限制性定语从句．句意为：他只用了39.505秒就完成了2018年短道男子500米比赛世界杯，比赛在美国盐湖城举行．先行词为物，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导，故填which． （5）shook．考查时态．句意为：刘绍昂在世界杯上与武大靖比赛，赛后不相信地摇了摇头．描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，故填shook． （6）truly．考查副词．句意为：能参加世界纪录赛真是太幸运了．修饰形容词，所以用副词，故填truly． （7）competitors．考查名词的数．句意为：事实上，每次吴比赛，他都会在几秒钟内把对手甩在后面．指竞争者，所以用competitor，为可数名词，所以用复数泛指，故填competitors． （8）height．考查名词的数．句意为：吴是不可触摸的，不仅因为他在运动中独占鳌头，而且因为他不同寻常的身高．作介词的宾语，表示"身高"，所以用名词hight，表示抽象概念，为不可数名词，故填hight． （9）to．考查介词．句意为：他的成功归功于他的自律．owe sth to把某事归功于，故填to． （10）eats．考查时态和主谓一致．句意为：他从不吃肉，也不喝碳酸饮料，描述人的特征，所以用一般现在时态，主语为he，所以谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填eats．‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分10分）第一节 短文改错 （共1小题；每小题10分，满分10分）‎ ‎【答案】‎ As we all know，culture is similar with an iceberg （冰山）．There are cultural roles where are obvious and easily to understand．Most of our cultural values，however，is not clear or hidden．For example，when you will visit a restaurant in Japan，people may sit in the floor and use chopsticks to eat．These eat habits are easy to come across．You may not know，therefore，that it's common for a man to sit cross﹣legged on the floor，but it's not considered acceptable for∧woman to do so．You have to study people's body language to understanding this less obvious cultural rule．解析：1．with﹣﹣﹣to．考查介词．表示"与…相似"用固定短语 is similar to，所以with改为to．2．where﹣﹣﹣that/which．考查定语从句的关系词．引导定语从句，代指先行词cultural roles，做从句are obvious and easily to understand的主语，用that/which．3．easily﹣﹣﹣easy．考查形容词的用法．做 where are 的表语，和obvious并列，用形容词easy．4．is﹣﹣﹣are．考查主谓一致．根据主语Most of our cultural values可知系动词用复数are．5．去掉will．考查状语从句．在when 引导的从句里，应该用一般现在时态表示将来，所以去掉will．用一般现在时态you visit a restaurant in Japan．6．in﹣﹣﹣on．考查介词．表示"在地上"用介词on修饰the floor．7．eat﹣﹣﹣eating．考查派生词．修饰habits，表示"饮食习惯"，用eating．8．therefore﹣﹣﹣however．考查连词．You may not know表示"你可能不知道"，和上句之间是转折关系，所以用however．9．woman前加a．考查冠词．和上文 a man 呼应，用不定冠词a修饰woman．10．understanding﹣﹣﹣understand．考查非谓语动词．to understanding this less obvious cultural rule．表示"为了理解不明显的文化规则"，这是目的状语，所以是动词不定式，to后用动词原形 understand．‎ ‎【考点】‎ 固定用法 说明文七选五 阅读理解综合 ‎【解析】‎ 文化和冰山相似，有些很容易理解，而有些是不清晰的．例如在日本男人盘腿坐着是很常见的，但是女人是不允许这么坐的．所以你需要研究人们的肢体语言来理解那些不太明显的文化规则．‎ ‎【解答】‎ As we all know，culture is similar with an iceberg （冰山）．There are cultural roles where are obvious and easily to understand．Most of our cultural values，however，is not clear or hidden．For example，when you will visit a restaurant in Japan，people may sit in the floor and use chopsticks to eat．These eat habits are easy to come across．You may not know，therefore，that it's common for a man to sit cross﹣legged on the floor，but it's not considered acceptable for∧woman to do so．You have to study people's body language to understanding this less obvious cultural rule． 解析： 1．with﹣﹣﹣to．考查介词．表示"与…相似"用固定短语 is similar to，所以with改为to． 2．where﹣﹣﹣that/which．考查定语从句的关系词．引导定语从句，代指先行词cultural roles，做从句are obvious and easily to understand的主语，用that/which． 3．easily﹣﹣﹣easy．考查形容词的用法．做 where are 的表语，和obvious并列，用形容词easy． 4．is﹣﹣﹣are．考查主谓一致．根据主语Most of our cultural values可知系动词用复数are． 5．去掉will．考查状语从句．在when 引导的从句里，应该用一般现在时态表示将来，所以去掉will．用一般现在时态you visit a restaurant in Japan． 6．in﹣﹣﹣on．考查介词．表示"在地上"用介词on修饰the floor． 7．eat﹣﹣﹣eating．考查派生词．修饰habits，表示"饮食习惯"，用eating． 8．therefore﹣﹣﹣however．考查连词．You may not know表示"你可能不知道"，和上句之间是转折关系，所以用however． 9．woman前加a．考查冠词．和上文 a man 呼应，用不定冠词a修饰woman． 10．understanding﹣﹣﹣understand．考查非谓语动词．to understanding this less obvious cultural rule． 表示"为了理解不明显的文化规则"，这是目的状语，所以是动词不定式，to后用动词原形 understand．‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎【答案】‎ Dear students，As everybody can see on our school， many students don't have good behavior． They don't get up early and are late for school． They throw rubbish and park their bicycles anywhere as they like． What's worse， they don't behave according to the etiquette rules．I think it's high time that we should develop good behavior habits when studying at school． For one thing， good habits have a key effect on our characters， which will determine our future． For another thing， good habits are symbols of Chinese traditional virtues， which we are responsible to spread to the world．【高分句型一】（好习惯的重要性）Dear friends， if we take action to change our behavior right away， we can make a big difference in the future．【高分句型二】（发出倡议）Student Union ‎【考点】‎ 提纲类 应用文写作 完形综合 ‎【解析】‎ 高分句型一：For another thing， good habits are symbols of Chinese traditional virtues， which we are responsible to spread to the world． 译文：另一方面，良好的习惯是中国传统美德的象征，我们有责任向世界传播． 分析：这句话使用which引导非限制性定语从句． 高分句型二：Dear friends， if we take action to change our behavior right away， we can make a big difference in 第17页 共20页 ◎ 第18页 共20页 ‎ the future． 译文：亲爱的朋友们，如果我们马上采取行动改变我们的行为，我们就能在未来产生巨大的改变． 分析：这句话使用if引导条件状语从句．‎ ‎【解答】‎ Dear students， As everybody can see on our school， many students don't have good behavior． They don't get up early and are late for school． They throw rubbish and park their bicycles anywhere as they like． What's worse， they don't behave according to the etiquette rules． I think it's high time that we should develop good behavior habits when studying at school． For one thing， good habits have a key effect on our characters， which will determine our future． For another thing， good habits are symbols of Chinese traditional virtues， which we are responsible to spread to the world．【高分句型一】（好习惯的重要性） Dear friends， if we take action to change our behavior right away， we can make a big difference in the future．【高分句型二】（发出倡议） Student Union 第17页 共20页 ◎ 第18页 共20页