湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2019-2020学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含解析

湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学2019-2020学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 华中师大一附中 2019-2020 学年度下学期高二期中考试 英语试题 时长：120 分钟 满分：150 分 第一部分 听力（共两节，每题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the man want to do? A. Apply for a job. B. Borrow the woman’s car. C. Fill out an application for a loan 2. When is the baseball game? A. On Thursday. B. On Friday. C. On Saturday. 3. What does the man suggest the woman do? A. Hire a tutor. B. Practice more often. C. Join a study group 4. What was the original price of the Jacket? A. $50 B. $75 C. $100 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. A book. B. A play. C. A role. 第二节(共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6 至 7 题。 6. Why does the man come to town? A. To take some training. B. To see the dentist. C. To do some shopping. 7. What does the man think needs improving? A. The lighting. B. The footpaths. C. The trains. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 9 题。 8. What is the man mainly talking about? A. Silences in conversation. B. Japanese culture. C. Interesting facts. - 2 - 9. How does the woman feel in the end? A. Annoyed. B. Satisfied. C. Curious. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What does Craig do? A. A reporter. B. A gym teacher. C. A youth center clerk. 11. Why does the woman dislike Craig? A. He talks too much. B. He doesn’t work hard. C. He lacks the sense of humor. 12. What does the woman say about Andy? A. He is not fun. B. He is impatient. C. He is a music fan. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. Why are many animals in danger according to the woman? A. The environment is seriously polluted. B. Many animals are suffering from diseases. C. There is not enough food for animals. 14. What is advised not to do when traveling abroad? A. Introduce new species. B. Buy pets. C. Buy skin coats. 15. What can people do in their neighborhoods? A. Call for new laws. B. Look after homeless animals. C. Make the environment cleaner. 16. How can people improve animals’ living conditions in the zoos? A. By hiring more staff to look after them. B. By building natural conditions. C. By offering them more food. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. How long was the team working on the project? A For 4 years. B. For 8 years. C. For 10 years. 18. Who is the team leader? A. O’Reilly. B. Tabriz. C. Moradi. . - 3 - 19. Which car did the team recreate? A. An Iranian one. B. An Italian one. C. A British one. 20. What was the engineers’ primary goal? A. To develop a car superior to the initial model. B. To put super sports cars into mass production. C. To learn how to make a sports car by themselves. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，每题 2.5 分，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 11 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 27.5 分） A Every new parent knows that rocking can calm that uneasy baby when it’s time to take a nap. But the benefits of gentle movement may go beyond the baby stage. Because two new studies show that rocking also helps grown-ups, both human and mouse, get a good night’s sleep. What should be no surprise is that movement can calm someone. Think of how many times you’ve fallen asleep on a train. But can motion really cause a nap, and make for a deeper sleep? To find out, researchers invited 18 healthy volunteers for a sleepover. “So they came to the lab and slept one time on the motionless, normal bed. And one night where they got rocked.” said Aurore Perrault, a sleep researcher at the University of Geneva in Switzerland. “And what we find is that when compared to a motionless night, a whole night of rocking sleep has a beneficial effect not only on sleep beginning but also on sleep continuity. “Subjects who were rocked also did better on a memory test the next morning than the stiller sleepers. In the second study, Kompotis, a student at the University of Lausanne, rocked a group of mice. “Whether rocking affects sleep in other species was never before discussed. So the main questions for our study were whether rocking affects sleep in mice and what is the possible system? ” Kompotis placed the mouse cages on a platform that moved from side to side. Though mice were rocked four times faster than their human counterparts—a frequency of one back-and-forth per second, or 1 Hertz, worked best—the results were strikingly - 4 - similar. “During rocking at 1 Hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still condition.” However, additional studies could allow the researchers to identify a new aim for treating sleep disorders, including insomnia (失眠). If you want a good night’s sleep, you might think about adding a little swing to your night-time routine. 1. What’s the purpose of the second study in the passage? A. To do research on the sleep system of other species. B. To see whether rocking affects sleep of other species. C. To discuss in which case rocking affects baby’s sleep. D. To study the influence of rocking on sleep disorders. 2. What do we know about the mice in Paragraph 5? A. Their sleeping time went up when rocked at 1 Hertz. B. Their sleep disorder including insomnia was treated. C. When rocked, they fell asleep four times faster than at still condition. D. When rocked, they slept faster than their human counterparts. 3. What’s the best title of the passage? A. Rocking Helps Grown-ups Sleep Too. B. Deep Sleep Needs the Constant Swing. C. Rocking Greatly Affects Deep Sleep. D. Rocking Can Treat Sleep Disorders. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 【解析】 【分析】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了两项新的研究表明，摇晃不仅能帮助婴儿入睡，也可以帮助成年 人睡眠更好。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“In the second study, Kompotis… rocked a group of mice. “Whether rocking affects sleep in other species was never before discussed. ”可 知，第二项研究的目的是为了研究摇晃是否会影响其他物种的睡眠。故选 B 项。 - 5 - 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“During rocking at 1 Hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still condition.”可知，当以 1 赫兹的速度 摇晃时，老鼠的睡眠时间增加了，老鼠睡着的速度是静止状态的两倍。故选 A 项。 【3 题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段中“Because two new studies show that rocking also helps grown-ups, both human and mouse, get a good night’s sleep. ”因为两项新 研究表明，摇 摆也有助于成年人，包括人类和老鼠，获得良好的睡眠。是全文的主题句。因此文章的标题 应该是“摇晃也能帮助成年人睡眠好”。故选 A 项。 【点睛】阅读理解题中标题选择题的解题思路 标题选择题是理解文章主旨大题，是深层理解题，它要求整体把握文章，准确的把握文章的 主题思想，要抓住文中具有概括性的信息。概括文章标题的方法有： 1. 注意反复出现或强调 信息 在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现或强调的信息，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信 息，找出覆盖全文的核心词汇。如本篇文章中，反复出现的核心词汇是 rocking，rock，affect sleep，a good night’s sleep 等。 2.寻找文章的主题句 了解文章主题的关键是找到全文的主题句。主题句通常在文章首段，但是也可能在 文章的末段、在文章的某一段落，或者分散在文章的各个段中。。 如本篇文章主题句位于首段，是文章第一段最后一句“Because two new studies show that rocking also helps grown-ups, both human and mouse, get a good night’s sleep”因 为两项新的研究表明，摇摆也有助于成年人，包括人类和老鼠，获得良好的睡眠。下文是介 绍研究的具体过程。因此可以确定标题是“摇晃也能有助于成人入睡。”选项 B 和选项 C 中 提到的“Deep Sleep”，在文章中没有提及摇晃与深度睡眠的关系；文章中提到“However, additional studies could allow the researchers to identify a new aim for treating sleep disorders, including insomnia (失眠)”可以判断，选项 D 错误原因是与文章内容不 符，而且也不是文章的主题，而是一个细节。 B Following the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), also named COVID-19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects 的 的 - 6 - remain to be seen. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathing —the NCP’s symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu, but it’s potentially more dangerous. Viruses could be deadly, like HIV and Ebola. But what are viruses? How can they cause so much trouble? Viruses are non-living organisms (有机体) approximately one-millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they can’t reproduce on their own. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over. Viruses can infect every living thing – from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria. For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life. Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections trigger no noticeable reaction. Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. They can enter our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect. For example, HIV, which causes AIDS, attacks the T-cells of the immune system. But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists. “Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult”, Ed Rybicki, a virologist (病毒学家) at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told Scientific American, “because viruses don’t leave fossils and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they’ve invaded”. However, there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses. First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寄生 者). Second, viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that “escaped” from larger - 7 - organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells. For the time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers. Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier (含糊不清的) than it now appears. 4. What can we learn about viruses from the text? A. Viruses have nothing to do with the common cold. B. Viruses are really small living organisms. C. Viruses can’t reproduce unless they find a host cell. D. Viruses enter our bodies mainly through the mouth, nose and hair. 5. Which of the following might explain the origin of viruses? A. They evolved from the fossils of large organisms. B. They evolved from parasites into independent organisms. C. They evolved from the T-cells in animals. D. They evolved along with their host cells. 6. The underlined word “plausible” in the last paragraph probably means ________. A. reasonable B. common C. creative D. unbelievable 7. What can we conclude from the text? A. Viruses live longer in human host cells than in animals’. B. Viruses will become more like bacteria as they evolve. C. It may take a long time to understand the origin of viruses. D. The author is optimistic about future virus research. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. C 【解析】 本文是说明文。文章介绍了关于 COVID-19 新型冠状病毒肺炎的传播途径、病毒起源的研究情 况。研究表明病毒自身无法传播，是通过宿主细胞来感染的；目前关于病毒起源的解释有三 种主要的假说，但都还处于理论阶段。 【4 题详解】 - 8 - 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Unlike human cells or bacteria, they can’t reproduce on their own. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over. （ 与人类细胞或细菌不同，它们不能自己繁殖。 相反，它们侵入生物体 的细胞来繁殖、传播和接管）”可知，病毒自身不能繁殖，只有找到宿主细胞才能繁殖。故 选 C 项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。第七段是关于病毒起源的三种假说。其中第三种假说是“Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells.”可知 ，研究认为病毒与宿主细胞共同进化，并且与这些细胞共存。故选 D 项。 【6 题详解】 词句猜测题。第七段中提到“there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses.”，以及第八段中“these are only theories”。可知，关于病毒的起源，现在 都只是处于理论阶段。现在的技术和数据对于病毒的起源还无法作出“合理的”解释。因此 可以猜测 plausible 意思为“合理的”。故选 A 项。 【7 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 中 “Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers. Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier (含糊不清的 ) than it now appears.（后续的研究可能会给我们提供更清晰的答案。 或者未来的研究可 能表明，答案甚至比现在看起来的还要含糊不清的。）”可以推断，要找到病毒的起源还需 要很长一段时间。故选 C 项。 C The advent of warm weather here in Maine calls for a seasonal ritual that, for me, puts an end to winter—fetching the wooden screen door. Note that I wrote “wooden”. The aluminum models just won’t do it—they close too neatly and keep their perfect form for decades. In the 1960s, a time of imperfection, there was no perfect house, no perfect car, no perfect kids or parents. Why should a screen door be an exception? I grew up with my siblings in a working-class neighborhood in New Jersey. When the warm weather arrived, my dad would pull out the wooden screen door and install it over the back door, which could then be left wide open, admitting a refreshing - 9 - breeze (we had no air conditioning). My father was a Mr. Fix-it, so keeping the screen door serviceable was one of his hobbies. Every few years he gave it a fresh coat of paint and fixed it a bit. I distinctly remember him putting the last screw in the last hinge (铰链), and swinging the door shut with a “crack!” A good, wooden screen door, unsightly as it was, had an invaluable function in the age of the stay-at-home mom: It alerted her to the coming and going of the kids. My siblings, and my friends ran in and out of the house, tearing the screen door open and letting it slap shut behind us. A hundred times a day. It was all good, and my mom never complained about the noise, because that was the purpose of a wooden screen door—to slam shut and thereby announce that her children were within earshot. Several years ago, in a fit of nostalgia (怀旧), I went shopping for a wooden screen door. I was disappointed in the choices available. They looked a bit too solid, too well made. But I found one online, and within a week it was delivered to my doorstep. The firm had sent me one with the wrong dimensions, so I asked my carpenter to make the necessary adjustments. Ozzie worked away at it for a couple of hours until he got it to sit neatly in its frame. I gave it a test: I pulled it open and let go. It closed in a lazy fashion. “Not good,” I pronounced. “Please remove the automatic door closer and adjust the door so it swings shut with a good crack.” Ozzie went about his work and a short while later the task was done. The door was uneven in its frame, and the screen no longer lay flat. But when I pulled open the door and released it, the thing clapped shut like a rifle shot. “What do you think?” I asked. “It looks like hell,” said Ozzie. “But it sounds like heaven,” I said. And I, being the owner of the door—and the memory—had the final word. 8. What particular function did the wooden screen door perform in the writer’s childhood? A. It functioned as an air conditioner in summer. B. It helped sharpen his father’s repairing skills. C. It was more like a toy that kids often played with. D. It made Mom aware that the kids were close by. - 10 - 9. The reason why the writer asked the carpenter to continue to adjust the door is that ________. A. the door was not the right size for the frame B. the door was poorly made that it didn’t suit him C. he wanted to see how the door was supposed to shut D. he was determined to seize the ownership of the door 10. What does the wooden screen door mean to the writer now? A. It is a reminder of the imperfect things. B. It is a symbol of his memory of summer. C. It is a contributor to the better life he leads. D. It is an antique worth cherishing in the museum. 11. What is the best title for the passage? A. The good old days are gone B. Never judge a door by its appearance C. Summer announces itself with a crack D. Every single imperfection adds to beauty 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者很是怀念儿时夏天的木制纱门，所以为了找回那段回忆，特意定制了 一扇能在关闭时发出啪的一声响的木制纱门，作者很喜欢这扇木制纱门，因为木制纱门对作 者来说意味着夏天的记忆。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。由第四段“A good, wooden screen door, unsightly as it was, had an invaluable function in the age of the stay-at-home mom: It alerted her to the coming and going of the kids. A hundred times a day. It was all good, and my mom never complained about the noise, because that was the purpose of a wooden screen door—to slam shut and thereby announce that her children were within earshot.”可知，一扇质量很好的木制 纱门，虽然看上去很难看，但在一个全职妈妈的时代却有着不可估量的作用:它提醒她注意孩 子们的来来往往。一天一百次。一切都很好，我妈妈从来没有抱怨过噪音，因为那是木制屏 - 11 - 风门的目的——砰的一声关上，从而告知她的孩子们就在她的听觉所及的范围。所以木门在 作家的童年时期特别的作用是：它让妈妈意识到孩子们就在附近。故 D 选项正确。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Please remove the automatic door closer and adjust the door so it swings shut with a good crack.”可知，请取下自动闭门器，调整好门的位置，让门啪 地一声关上。所以作者要求木匠继续调整门的原因是他想看看门该怎么关。故 C 选项正确。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。通过读全文尤其是最后段“But when I pulled open the door and released it, the thing clapped shut like a rifle shot. “What do you think?” I asked. “It looks like hell,” said Ozzie. “But it sounds like heaven,” I said. And I, being the owner of the door—and the memory—had the final word.”可知，但当我拉开门，松开它 时，它啪的一声关上了，就像一声枪响。“你觉得怎么样?””我问。“看起来太糟糕了，” Ozzie 说。“但听起来非常地好，”我说。而我，作为这扇门的主人——以及记忆的主人—— 拥有最后的决定权。作者很是怀念儿时夏天的木制纱门，所以为了找回那段回忆，特意定制 了一扇能在关闭时发出啪的一声的木制纱门。再通过作者与 Ozzie 的对话可以看出，作者很 喜欢这扇木制纱门，因为木制纱门现在对作者来说意味着夏天的记忆。故 B 选项正确。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者很是怀念儿时夏天的木制纱门，所以为了找回那段回忆， 特意定制了一扇能在关闭时发出啪的一声响的木制纱门，作者很喜欢这扇发出啪的一声响的 木制纱门，因为木制纱门现在对作者来说意味着夏天的记忆。所以短文是围绕着夏天啪的一 声来临了而展开的。故短文的最佳标题为“夏天啪的一声来临了”。故 C 选项正确。 【点睛】根据文章中人物所说的话的内容是解决推理判断题的重要方法，因为通过所说的内 容，我们可以判断出，作者所要想表达的观点是积极的还是消极的，是中立的还是支持或者 否定某一方，对事情是关心的还是冷漠的。是在提出建议还是在提出具体的解决措施。 最后段“But when I pulled open the door and released it, the thing clapped shut like a rifle shot. “What do you think?” I asked. “It looks like hell,” said Ozzie. “But it sounds like heaven,” I said. And I, being the owner of the door—and the memory—had the final word.”可知，但当我拉开门，松开它时，那东西啪的一声关上了， 就像一声枪响。“你觉得怎么样?””我问。“看起来太糟糕了，” Ozzie 说。“但听起来非 常地好，”我说。而我，作为这扇门的主人——以及记忆的主人——拥有最后的决定权。作 - 12 - 者很是怀念儿时夏天的木制纱门，所以为了找回那段回忆，特意定制了一扇能在关闭时发出 啪的一声的木制纱门。再通过作者与 Ozzie 的对话可以看出，作者很喜欢这扇木制纱门，就 是因为木制纱门现在对作者来说意味着夏天的记忆。故 B 选项为小题 3 的正确选项。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Ballet for children and teenagers It can take a long time to reach a professional level in ballet, so most dancers begin their training very young. It is essential that very young dancers learn the ballet movements properly right from the beginning. ____12____ This is because it is usually more difficult to change old habits than to learn new ones. The first thing that young children who are interested in learning to dance often do is attend creative movement classes, where they can practice basic skills like jumping and turning, and just have fun. ____13____ In addition, some people recommend that they should learn either to sing or play instrument. Young people who decide they want to have a ballet career can attend a dance school. Here, students not only study normal school subjects but also do daily dance training. ____14____ And the whole dance-school environment is set up to support the young people’s artistic development; it allows them to focus on their dance more easily, and prepares them for their future. But how can a young dancer and their parents tell which dance school is the most suitable? ____15____ The older students taking part in it should clearly have more highly-developed ballet skills than the younger dancers. By the time they are 16 or 17, many ballet dancers are entering ballet competitions and taking classes at professional studies. ____16____ It is important for young dancers to know how well they are doing, because the dance world is very competitive and the training is hard; not everyone makes it to the top. A. For all these reasons, they enjoy meeting other dancers. B. Listening to different styles of music also helps. C. Travelling long distances to dance schools can be tiring, too. D. Attending one of their public performances is a good way of finding out. - 13 - E. If they develop poor techniques, they may have problems later on. F. This allows them to compare themselves with teenagers from other schools. G. That means they do not waste time travelling from home to dance classes. 【答案】12. E 13. B 14. G 15. D 16. F 【解析】 本文是说明文， 介绍了青少年学习芭蕾舞要从小开始，参加一些创造性的运动课程。到了 16 岁或 17 岁时，参加舞蹈竞赛是非常重要的。 【12 题详解】 此题线索是代词指代。根据上文“年轻的舞者从一开始就正确地学习芭蕾舞动作是至关重要 的”。选项 E 意思为：如果他们技术不好，他们以后可能会有问题。符合语境。选项 E 中 they 指代空前一句中的 very young dancers。故选 E 项。 【13 题详解】 选项 B 意思为： 听不同风格的音乐也有帮助。该段首句是主题句，“有兴趣学习舞蹈的幼儿 经常做的第一件事是参加创造性的运动课，”下文是支撑的细节，说明具体的创造性运动课 的形式，选项 B“听不同风格的音乐”是其中的一种形式。故选 B 项。 【14 题详解】 选项 G 意思为： 这意味着他们不会浪费时间从家去上舞蹈课。空前一句提到“在这里，学生 们不仅学习正常的学校科目，而且还进行日常舞蹈训练”，选项 G 是对空前一句的进一步解 释。故选 G 项。 【15 题详解】 选项 D 意思为： 参加他们的公开演出是一个很好的了解方法。 空前一句提到“但是一个年轻 的舞者和他们的父母怎么能知道哪个舞蹈学校是最合适的呢?”，选项 D 是对空前一句的问题 的回答。故选 D 项。 【16 题详解】 选项 F 意思为： 这使他们能够将自己与来自其他学校 青少年进行比较。空前一句提到“许 多芭蕾舞演员参加芭蕾舞比赛”，选项 F 中“This means…. ”是顺承上一句的话题。故选 F 项。 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分 40 分） 第一节 完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 的 - 14 - 选项。 One morning in early fall, I spotted a pair of wild geese on our pond. The beautiful sight caught me by ____17____, because we had never seen geese there before. I wondered where they came from and why they’d ____18____ our pond. As the days passed, I couldn’t ____19____ getting a closer look and started talking to the geese. They craned their necks and raised their heads ____20____ but seemed to realize I was a friend and not an enemy. I felt ____21____ we were bonding. One day as they were feeding in the grass near the driveway, I discovered the reason for their ____22____—the male had a broken left wing. He was ____23____ to fly, and his lifelong mate would not leave him behind. I marveled at the ____24____ between them. I asked a wildlife biologist friend what I should do. He explained that sometime a broken wing will heal by itself and suggested letting ____25____ take its course. ____26____ the first day of November, I was working in the vicinity (在……附近) of the geese with my tractor. I caught some ____27____ from the corner of my eye. Both geese were running toward the pond, wings beating ____28____. The geese gained enough altitude to clear a neighbor’s house, then ____29____ back toward me, flying no more than 50 feet over my head as if to say goodbye. Then they were out of sight. I grew ____30____ them during their stay at our pond, and I miss them. I’ll never forget their ____31____ to each other. We could all learn a lesson or two from this pair. 17. A. anger B. surprise C. terror D. sorrow 18. A. cleared B. destroyed C. chosen D. disturbed 19. A. resist B. imagine C. escape D. admit 20. A. naturally B. happily C. sadly D. cautiously 21. A. whether B. even if C. how D. as though 22. A. absence B. delay C. visit D. - 15 - departure 23. A. unable B. curious C. eager D. afraid 24. A. bond B. quarrel C. conflict D. competition 25. A. chance B. nature C. fate D. knowledge 26. A. For B. During C. On D. To 27. A. atmosphere B. division C. response D. movement 28. A. wildly B. occasionally C. slowly D. aimlessly 29 A. floated B. circled C. slid D. skipped 30. A. angry with B. fond of C. tired of D. grateful to 31. A. sympathy B. objection C. adjustment D. devotion 【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. D 【解析】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者意外地发现自己家的池塘里有一对大雁，后来作者发现它们长 时间在此逗留的原因是因为公雁的左翅膀折断了，没法飞行，母雁一直陪在它身边不离不弃， 直到它的翅膀痊愈可以再次飞行。它们对彼此的热爱让作者永生难忘。 【17 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这美丽的景象使我感到惊讶，因为我们以前从未在那里看到过大 雁。A. anger 愤怒；B. surprise 惊讶；C. terror 恐惧；D. sorrow 悲伤。根据下一句中的 “we'd never seen geese there before”可知，作者突然看到大雁出现在自己家的池塘里， 所以感到很惊讶。故选 B 项。 【18 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想知道他们来自哪里，为什么选择我们的池塘。A. cleared 清 除；B. destroyed 破坏；C. chosen 选择；D. disturbed 打扰，扰乱。作者非常疑惑这两只大 雁为什么选择停留在他家的池塘。故选 C 项。 . - 16 - 【19 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意： 随着时间的推移，我忍不住仔细看，开始和大雁说话。A. resist 抗拒，抵抗； B. imagine 想象；C. escape 逃避；D. admit 承认。短语 can't resist doing …“忍不住/禁不住做……”。作者对这两只大雁的到来感到疑惑，所以忍不住靠近它们，想 对它们有更多的了解。故选 A 项。 【20 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意： 他们伸长了脖子，小心翼翼地抬起头，但似乎意识到我是朋友， 而不是敌人。 A. naturally 自然而然地；B. happily 快乐地；C. sadly 悲伤地；D. cautiously 小心谨慎地。由本句中的“not an enemy”说明大雁对靠近它们的人类很警惕。故选 D 项。 【21 题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我们好像正在建立感情。A. whether 是否;B. even if 即 使;C. how 怎样；D. as though 仿佛。根据下文“…as if to say goodbye”可知，后来作者和 大雁成为了朋友。作者觉得它们之间似乎开始建立起一种感情。故选 D 项 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天，当他们在车道附近的草地上进食时，我发现了他们到来的 原因——那只公雁左翅膀折断了。A. absence 不在；B. delay 延迟；C. visit 访问，拜访； D. departure 离开。根据上文“I wondered where they came from and why they’d_____our pond.”可知，作者现在知道大雁来到他家池塘的原因。故选 C 项。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他不能飞，他的终身伴侣不愿意丢下他。A. unable 不能的；B. curious 好奇的；C. eager 渴望的；D. afraid 害怕的。公雁因为翅膀受伤，所以不能飞。 故 选 A 项。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对两只大雁之间的关系感到惊叹。A. bond 纽带，联系；B. quarrel 争吵；C. conflict 冲突；D. competition 竞争。从下文可知，公雁不能飞，母雁也留下来陪 着它。作者体会到两只大雁之间生死相依的紧密关系。故选 A 项。 【25 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他解释说，有时折断的翅膀会自己愈合，并建议顺其自然。A. chance 机会；B. nature 自然；C. fate 命运；D. knowledge 知识。这个野生生物学家朋友建议作者 什么都不要做，顺其自然。短语 let nature take its course 意思为“顺其自然，任其自然 - 17 - 发展”。故选 B 项。 【26 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：11 月的第一天，我在大雁附近，开着拖拉机工作。A. For 为了； B. During 在……期间；C. On 在……上；D. To 对于。表示具体某一天，用介词 on。故选 C 项。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的眼角瞥见了一些动静。A. atmosphere 气氛；B. division 分开；C. response 反应；D. movement 活动。根据下文“Both geese were running toward the pond, wings beating _____.”，大雁向池塘跑来，当然会有一些动静。故选 D 项。 【28 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：两只大雁都向池塘跑去，使劲地拍打着翅膀。A. wildly 疯狂 地；B. occasionally 偶尔地；C. slowly 缓慢地；D. aimlessly 漫无目的地。根据下一句中 “…gained enough altitude to clear a neighbor's house”可知，受伤的大雁也能飞了， 大雁飞得很高，使劲地拍打翅膀。故选 A 项。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：两只大雁飞得足够高，高到能越过邻居家的屋子，然后又盘旋着 向我飞来，在距离我头顶上不到 50 英尺的地方飞行，好像要跟我说再见。A. floated 漂浮； B. circled 盘旋；C. slid 滑过；D. skipped 跳过，略过。根据背景知识，鸟儿在一定的区域 内飞行不降落时要盘旋飞行，也表现出大雁对作者的依依不舍。故选 B 项。 【30 题详解】 考查形容词短语辨析。句意：在他们待在我家池塘的时候，我开始喜欢上他们了，我很想念 他们。A. angry with 对……生气；B. fond of 喜欢；C. tired of 对……厌倦；D. grateful to 对……感激的。根据下文“I miss them”可知，作者已经将两只大雁看作自己的朋友，已 经喜欢上它们。grow fond of 意思为“渐渐喜欢上”。故选 B 项。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意： 我永远不会忘记他们对彼此的热爱。A. sympathy 同情；B. objection 反对；C. adjustment 调整；D. devotion 热爱,热心,专心；虔诚。根据上文中“and his lifelong mate would not leave him __10__”和“marveled (惊叹) at the ____between them ”可知，作者体会到他们对彼此的热爱。故选 D 项。 第二节：（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分） - 18 - 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Light pollution is defined by the Lighting Research Center as the ____32____ (want) consequence of outdoor lighting such as street lights. Too much man-made light at night results in disturbed ____33____ (nature) cycles, and also prevents the ____34____ (observe) of stars and planets at night. But its effects ______35______the environment go beyond that. By ___36___ (study) some trees, researchers found out that trees that are more ____37____ (expose) to artificial lighting at night bud (发芽) up to 7.5 days earlier than those at the normal nighttime setting. And they found out that light had a more significant effect than temperature ____38____ the buds came out. The early budding may cause problems for insects, which feed on ___39___ (leaf), and the birds which feed on them in turn. Migratory birds(候鸟) are also ___40___ (negative) affected by light pollution. The glare might confuse them and make them lose ___41___ (they) flying sense. The phenomenon might explain why some birds accidentally knock into buildings. 【答案】32. unwanted 33. natural 34. observation 35. on 36. studying 37. exposed 38. when/as 39. leaves 40. negatively 41. their 【解析】 本文是说明文，介绍了光污染造成的负面影响。 【32 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：照明研究中心将光污染定义为路灯等户外照明的不良后果。修饰名词 consequence，应用形容词形式；根据句意，应是“不想要的”后果，因此用形容词 unwanted 意思为“不需要的，有害的”。故填 unwanted。 【33 题详解】 - 19 - 考查形容词。句意：夜晚过多的人造光会扰乱自然循环，也会妨碍夜晚对恒星和行星的观测。 修饰名词 cycles，应用形容词；nature 是名词，形容词为 natural。故填 natural。 【34 题详解】 考查名词。句意：夜晚过多的人造光会扰乱自然循环，也会妨碍夜晚对恒星和行星的观测。 在定冠词 the 后，应是名词作宾语；observe 是动词，名词为 observation。故填 observation 。 【35 题详解】 考查介词。句意：但它对环境的影响远远不止于此。短语 the effect on“对……的影响”。 故填 on。 【36 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过对一些树木的研究，研究人员发现在晚上更多受到人工照明的 树木比在正常的夜间环境下的树木发芽早 7.5 天。在介词 by 后接动名词作宾语。故填 studying。 【37 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：通过对一些树木的研究，研究人员发现在晚上更多受到人工照明的树 木比在正常的夜间环境下的树木发芽早 7.5 天。短语 be exposed to“暴露于……中，接触到 ……”。故填 exposed。 【38 题详解】 考查从属连词。句意： 他们发现当芽出来时，光比温度有更显著的影响。根据句意，所填 词引导时间状语从句，应用 when / as，意思为“当……时候”。故填 when/as。 【39 题详解】 考查名词单复数。句意：早期的萌芽可能会给以树叶为食的昆虫和以昆虫为食的鸟类带来麻 烦。根据句意，leaf 应用复数形式；leaf 的复数形式为 leaves。故填 leaves。 【40 题详解】 考查副词。句意：候鸟也受到光污染的负面影响。修饰过去分词 affected，应用副词形式。 故填 negatively。 【41 题详解】 考查代词。句意：眩光可能会使他们迷惑，使他们失去飞行的感觉。根据句意，前面提到 them ，指代 migratory birds，是复数，因此相应地用形容词性物主代词 their。故填 their。 第三节 选词填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） - 20 - 从下面的方框中选择合适的词，将其正确的形式填在句子中。选项中有两项为多余选项。 42. Thousand were killed in the early stage of the novel virus spread because of lagging countermeasures, after which three related officials ____________ from their positions. 43. The proposal was instantly voted through with two to one in favour, ____________ by enthusiastic applause. 44. Since the lockdown of the city on Jan.23rd, the students and teachers in our school ____________ online learning and teaching at home. 45. While a moderate amount of stress can be ____________, too much stress can exhaust you. 46. Larger and longer trials are needed ____________ the clinical effect and safety of this new drug. 47. Heroic sacrifice in disaster or war is not ____________ to self-preservation. It is people’s choice based on their value of life. 48. Responsibility and reliability are the essential ____________ to be a trustworthy citizen in any society. 49. Do not let a lack of materials to hold you back from ____________ your dream. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind. 50. New public opinion polls show the President’s ____________ rating at its lowest point since he took office. 51. The Chinese people have shown great sympathy for the victims in the Covid-19 epidemic in the United States, ____________ those political conflicts. 【答案】42. resigned 43. accompanied 44. have adapted to 45. beneficial 46. to evaluate - 21 - 47. contradictory 48. qualifications 49. fulfilling 50. approval 51. setting aside 【解析】 【42 题详解】 考查动词和时态。句意：上 千人在新病毒传播的早期阶段因对策滞后而死亡，之后三名相关 官员辞职。分析句子结构, 所填词在句中是谓语动词；根据句意，应是动词 resign，意思为“ 辞职”；句子叙述的是过去发生的情况，因此用一般过去时。故填 resigned。 【43 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意： 在热烈的掌声中，该提案立即以二比一的投票结果获得通过。根据 句意，此处应是短语 be accompanied by，意思为“伴随有……”；分析句子结构, 所填词在 句中作状语；accompany 与句子的主语 The proposal 之间为逻辑上的被动关系，因此用过去 分词作状语。故填 accompanied。 【44 题详解】 考查动词短语和时态。句意：自从 1 月 23 日该市封城以来，我校的学生和教师已经适应了在 家在线学习和教学。根据句意，此处应是短语 adapt to ，意思为“适应”；since 引导时间 状语从句时，主句时态用现在完成时；主语 the students and teachers 是复数，因此谓语动 词用 have done 形式。故填 have adapted to。 【45 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：虽然适度的压力是有益的，但是过多的压力会让你筋疲力尽。分析句子 结构，在 be 动词后，应接形容词作表语； benefit 是动词，根据句意，此处应是形容词 beneficial。意思为“对……有益的”。故填 beneficial。 【46 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意： 评估这种新药的临床效果和安全性需要更大、更长时间的试验。分 析句子结构, 此处为不定式作目的状语，意思为“为了……”；根据句意，应是动词 evaluate ，意思为“评估，评价”；不定式后接的动词原形，故填 to evaluate。 【47 题详解】 考查形容词。句意： 灾难或战争中的英勇牺牲与自我保护并不矛盾。这是人们基于他们的生 - 22 - 命价值的选择。分析句子结构， 在 be 动词后接形容词作表语；contradict 是动词，形容词 为 contradictory；根据句意，此处应是短语 be contradictory to，意思为“与……矛盾的 ”。故填 contradictory。 【48 题详解】 考查名词的单复数。句意： 责任感和可靠性是成为任何社会中值得信赖的公民的基本条件。 分析句子结构，所填词在句中作宾语，应是名词形式；qualify 是动词，名词形式为 qualification；根据句意，此处是名词 qualification，意思为“资格，条件”；主语 “Responsibility and reliability”是指两个条件，因此 qualification 应用复数形式。故 填 qualifications。 【49 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意： 不要让物质的缺乏阻碍你实现梦想。世上无难事，只怕有心人。分 析句子结构，在介词 from 后应接动名词形式作宾语；根据句意，此处是短语 fulfill one’s dream，意思为“实现某人的梦想”；故填 fulfilling。 【50 题详解】 考查名词。句意：新的民意调查显示，对总统的支持率达到了他上任以来的最低点。分析句 子结构，在名词所有格 the President’s 后应是名词；approve 是动词，名词形式为 approval ；此处名词 approval 修饰名词 rating；短语 approval rating 意思为“支持率”。故填 approval。 【51 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：抛开这些政治冲突，中国人民对美国发生新冠肺炎疫情的受害者表 示深切同情。根据句意，应是短语 set aside，意思为“把……抛在脑后，不顾，搁置在一边 ”；分析句子结构，此处用现在分词作状语，表示补充说明。故填 setting aside。 【点睛】现在分词做状语，表示补充说明 现在分词短语起补充说明的作用与伴随状语有些相似，但严格地说，它不是伴随状语，因为 它所表达的情景不与句子的动作相伴而产生，实际上，它起着补充说明的作用，相当于一个 并列分句，但比分句简洁、明快。例如： My train leaves at six，arriving in Chicago at ten. ＝My train leaves at six，and will arrive in Chicago at ten. 　The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks，adding that he had enjoyed his stay here. - 23 - ＝The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks，and added that he had enjoyed his stay here. All night long he lay awake，thinking of the problem. （现在分词作伴随状语） 他整夜躺在床上睡不着，思考着那个问题。 如本题第 10 小题，用现在分词短语 setting aside 是作状语，表示对主句的补充说明。 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分 15 分） 52.假设你是李华，你喜爱的英语学习报 ColorfulEnglish 创刊五周年之际征集读者意见，请 你根据以下内容给主编写封信，主要包括： 1. 说明你是该报的忠实读者 2. 说明该报优点：1）刊登国际新闻 2）提供音频二维码 3. 提出建议：增加外国文学欣赏 注意： 1. 词数 100 左右。 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：周年 anniversary 二维码 QR code Dear Editor-in-Chief, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Editor-in-Chief, Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Colorful English! I’m a regular reader of your newspaper. I enjoy it so much that I hardly miss any copy. There are many advantages of Colorful English. Firstly, it covers various international news . By simply turning the pages, I can both get a glimpse of what are happening throughout the world and enlarge my vocabulary as well. Besides, it is a great idea for readers to get audio resources through scanning QR codes , which - 24 - proves to be of great help to improve my oral English. Eager to have a better understanding of English culture, I suggest that Colorful English should provide an edition which covers an introduction and appreciation of foreign literature works. Finally, I hope that Colorful English will become more and more popular. Yours sincerely readers 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文, 要求给主编写一封信, 反映读者意见。 【详解】第一步： 审题: 信件 反映读者意见 人称：第三人称和第一人称 时态： 一般现在时 结构： 总分法，分三部分，第一部分祝贺报纸创刊五周年，说明你是报纸的忠实读者；第二 部分说明该报的优点和你的建议；第三部分希望报纸越来越受人欢迎。 要点： 1. 祝贺报纸创刊五周年，说明你是报纸的忠实读者 2．说明该报的优点和你的建议 ①报纸的优点：刊登国际新闻、提供音频二维码 ②你对报纸的建议：增加外国文学作品鉴赏栏目 3．希望报纸越来越受人欢迎 第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语 ） congratulations on；the 5th anniversary；a regular reader；miss；advantage； international news；get a glimpse of；happen；enlarge the vocabulary；get audio resources；scan QR codes；be of great help；have a better understanding of；provides ；cover；foreign literature works；become more and more popular 第三步：连词成句 (1) Congratulations on the 5th anniversary of Colorful English! (2) I’m a regular reader of your newspaper. - 25 - (3)There are many advantages of Colorful English. (4) it covers various international news . (5)I can get a glimpse of important things that are happening throughout the world . (6)I can enlarge my vocabulary. (7) It is a great idea for readers to get audio resources through scanning QR codes. (8) It proves to be of great help to improve my oral English. (9) I am eager to have a better understanding of English culture. (10) Colorful English should provide an edition which covers an introduction and appreciation of foreign literature works. (11) I hope that Colorful English will become more and more popular. 根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。 第四步：连句成篇(衔接词) 表示时间顺序： first of all; to begin/start with , in the beginning firstly. secondly . lastly / finally/in the end 表示并列或补充关系： what is more; besides, moreover, apart from; in addition, as well as；not only…but(also), meanwhile, in the meantime, somesome…others 表示转折对比关系：but, however, although, though, yet, while on one hand…on the other hand , 表示因果关系：because, as, therefore, as a result, as a consequence, consequently, thus 连句成文，运用恰当的衔接词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，使句与句之间逻辑性更强、 段与段之间结构清晰。 【点睛】范文要点全面，结构清晰，层次分明，上下文连贯，在表达时用到了很多高级词汇， 如 congratulations on；the 5th anniversary；a regular reader；advantage；get a glimpse - 26 - of； enlarge the vocabulary；get audio resources；scan QR codes；be of great help ；have a better understanding of；provides；cover；become more and more popular 等；复 杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如 it 作形式主语句式的运用 it is a great idea for readers to get audio resources through scanning QR codes；非限制性定语从句的运用 Besides, it is a great idea for readers to get audio resources through scanning QR codes , which proves to be of great help to improve my oral English；形容词做状语的运用和宾语从 句 Eager to have a better understanding of English culture, I suggest that Colorful English should provide an edition which covers an introduction and appreciation of foreign literature works.等。 第二节 53.读后续写 “Acknowledged, Detective. This is my” He hung up and told the driverless UNATS Robotics car to get him down to the railway station as fast as it could, angry with himself and with Ada—whose middle name was Trouble, after all—for making him deal with a robot before he’d had his breakfast. The name had been his ex-wife’s idea, something she’d insisted on. His ex-wife. He hadn’t thought of her in years. Well, months. Weeks, certainly. She’d been a brilliant computer scientist at the UNATS Robotics school at the University of Toronto. Now she was settled in her own research lab in Beijing, providing the kinds of software solutions for robot applications. He itched to wiretap her, to read her email or listen in on her phone conversations. He could have done that when they were still together, but he never had. If he had, he would have found out what she was planning. He could have talked her out of it. “And then what, Artie?” said the nagging voice in his head. He couldn’t stop her from chasing her own dream— making the smartest robot in the world, especially with their little daughter in her belly. “Shut up!” he told the nagging voice. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右； - 27 - 2. 至少使用 5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 In a few minutes, he was at the front gate of the railway station. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ There she was, standing by a teenage girl who had the same blue eyes as his. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ 【答案】In a few minutes, he was at the front gate of the railway station. Ada opened the door for him. He stepped out of the UNATS Robotics car hurriedly to catch the bullet train for Beijing, where his ex-wife, a top computer scientist lived. During the journey, he constantly considered how to persuade his ex-wife to quit her research, which could get her into trouble. Clearly, it was no easy task. She had chased her dream for ages. The train pulled in at the railway station. He began to look for his ex-wife, who had promised to pick him up. There she was, standing by a teenage girl who had the same blue eyes as his. Artie walked up to them slowly. With so many words to say, he felt a knot in his throat. At last, he looked into their daughter’s eyes and said, “Hi, my lovely girl!” His voice was trembling slightly. “Daddy! Mommy has told me everything. You don’t need to worry about us anymore. Yesterday, she worked out the smartest robot software successfully.” Artie turned to his ex-wife in disbelief. She nodded, “I could never - 28 - achieve my dream without your support.” Artie hugged them both, thinking to himself, “Never stop a dream-chaser!” 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，无人驾驶的机器人车将 Artie 送到车站， 他要到北京去见好几年没有见到的前妻。前妻是一位机器人计算机科学家。她专心研究，想 要制作出世界上最聪明的机器人。他不能阻止前妻放弃她的梦想，但当时她肚子里还怀着他 们的小女儿。这让他无法释怀。 【详解】续写部分分为两段，第 1 段开头是：几分钟后，他就到了火车站的前门。接下来应 该写他从无人驾驶的机器人车里出来，上了高铁。在途中，他一直在想怎么说服前妻放弃她 的研究，但是又觉得这很困难。前妻答应来接他，于是当火车到站时，他在人群中寻找前妻。 2 段开头是：前妻就在那里，旁边站着一个有着和他一样蓝眼睛的女孩。 Artie 见到前妻 和女儿，有很多话想说，但是喉咙发紧。小女孩叫他爸爸，并告诉他“妈妈已经开发出了最 智能的机器人软件”。前妻也感谢他的支持。Artie 激动地拥抱着她们俩。 续写时要求使用 5 个给出短文中标有下划线的关键词语，增加了写作的难度。阅读文章时 ，要熟悉有下划线的词语，以便在写作的时候恰当地加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的 词数应是 150 左右。续写完成后，需要用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语，按要求完成写作 任务。 【点睛】本文描写详略得当，重点突出，同时表达时也使用了很多高级词汇，如 step out of；catch the bullet train；consider；persuade sb. to do…；quit；get sb. into trouble ；chase one’s dream；look for；pick up；feel a knot in one’s throat；look into ； tremble ；worry about；work out；successfully；in disbelief；achieve one’s dream ；hug ；think to oneself；a dream-chaser 等；还运用了复杂的句式，如非限制性定语从句 的运用 he constantly considered how to persuade his ex-wife to quit her research, which could get her into trouble；现在分词作状语的运用 There she was, standing by a teenage girl who had the same blue eyes as his；“with 的复合结构”的运用 With so many words to say, he felt a knot in his throat 等。 - 29 -