新课标高考英语语法名词性从句高考真题例析

新课标高考英语语法名词性从句高考真题例析

新课标高考英语语法名词性从句高考真题例析 名词性从句(一)‎ 考点1　连词的选择 ‎1．As many as five courses are provided，and you are free to choose suits you best.(2012·陕西，20)‎ 答案　whichever 解析　考查名词性从句。所填词引导的从句作动词choose的宾语，引导词在从句中作主语，意思是：无论哪件。且是在特定范围内选择，故用whichever。‎ ‎2．The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief you are better than anyone else on the sports field.(2013·浙江，16)‎ 答案　that 解析　考查同位语从句连接词。空格后面的从句解释说明belief的具体内容，是同位语从句，且从句中不缺少任何成分，所以用that引导。‎ ‎3．Do not let any failures discourage you，for you can never tell close you may be to victory.(2013·湖南，28)‎ 答案　how 解析　句意为：不要让任何的失败阻碍你，因为你永远不知道成功离你有多近。分析句子成分后可知，tell后接的是宾语从句；根据语境可知此处用副词how修饰形容词close。‎ ‎4．The best moment for the football star was he scored the winning goal.(2014·北京，30)‎ 答案　when 解析　考查名词性从句。句意为：对于一个足球明星来说，进球得分的时刻是最好的时刻。was后面为表语从句，是对主语The best moment的解释说明，表语从句中缺少时间状语。故填when。‎ ‎5．Pick yourself up.Courage is doing you’re afraid to do.(2014·福建，34)‎ 答案　what 解析　考查名词性从句。doing后是一个宾语从句，引导词在从句中作do的宾语，故用what。‎ ‎6．Grandma pointed to the hospital and said，“That’s I was born.”(2014·四川，2)‎ 答案　where 解析　考查名词性从句。句意为：奶奶指着那个医院说：“那就是我出生的地方。”此处考查的是名词性从句中的表语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，故填where。‎ ‎7．—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale‎ ‎University yesterday?‎ ‎—Yeah，but I have no idea he did it；that’s one of his favorite universities.(2014·重庆，12)‎ 答案　why 解析　考查名词性从句。Mike放弃了最心仪之一的耶鲁大学，令人不解其故。idea后接同位语从句，表示某个想法的具体内容。根据分号后的内容可知，“我”不知道他拒绝耶鲁大学的原因，故填why。‎ 名师点拨 借助于“连词的特点”和“句子结构”来解决名词性从句中连词的选择。‎ ‎(1)that引导名词性从句时本身无意义，也不在从句中担任成分。‎ ‎(2)连接副词when表时间，where表地点，how表方式，why表原因等。若从句虽然主干成分完整，但加入连接副词才使整句完整的话，则空格处要填连接副词。‎ ‎(3)what不但连接主从句，还在从句中担任主语、宾语、表语等成分。分析从句所缺的成分是做对题的关键。‎ 考点2　who和whoever引导的名词性从句 ‎8．How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with，whether his friends or relatives.(2010·四川，14)‎ 答案　who 解析　句意为：一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去，无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。根据句末的whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去。‎ ‎9．We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.(2012·福建，35)‎ 答案　whoever 解析　promise sb.sth.向某人承诺某事。分析句子结构可知，promise后充当宾语的句子缺少主语，且指人，表示泛指，故用whoever。‎ 名师点拨 who在名词性从句中只有疑问的意思，意为“谁”，表示特指；而whoever相当于anyone who或those who，没有疑问的意思，表示泛指。‎ 考点3　名词性从句中whoever，whatever及whichever的比较 ‎10．Some people believe has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.(2014·北京，33)‎ 答案　whatever 解析　考查宾语从句。此处believe后接宾语从句且从句中缺少主语，意为“无论什么”，故用whatever。‎ ‎11． one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it.(2013·江西，30)‎ 答案　Whichever 解析　句意为：你们中无论哪一个打破了窗户都要负责赔偿。此处指从“you”这一范围中作出选择，故填whichever无论哪一个。‎ 名师点拨 分清whoever，whatever，whichever的意义。三者均为连接代词，可在句中作主语、宾语或表语。whoever与whatever表泛指，意为“任何……的人”，“任何……的物或事”；whichever表示在特定的范围内选择，意为“任何一个/些……”。‎ 考点4　名词性从句中why与because的比较 ‎12．Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears.No one in the office knew she was so angry.(2010·湖南，35)‎ 答案　why 解析　该空引导宾语从句，根据第二句句意“办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气”知填why。‎ ‎13．From space，the earth looks blue.This is about seventyone percent of its surface is covered by water.(2013·安徽，21)‎ 答案　because 解析　考查连词。句意为：从太空看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球的表面被71%的水所覆盖。由句意知应填because。‎ 名师点拨 why与because引导的表语从句的特点：because表原因时，所用句式为：结果在前，原因在后；而why则正相反。‎ 考点5　连词whether的特点以及和if的区别 ‎14．It remains to be seen the newly formed committee’s policy can be put into practice.(2013·陕西，20)‎ 答案　whether 解析　句意为：新成立的委员会提出的方针能否实行还有待观察。it作形式主语，所填连词引导的从句是真正的主语；根据句意可知所填词表示“是否”，故填whether。‎ ‎15．It doesn’t matter you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.(2012·天津，9)‎ 答案　whether 解析　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，所以所填连词在句中引导主语从句；根据题干中关键信息词or可知填whether。‎ ‎16．Everyone in the village is very friendly.It doesn’t matter you have lived there for a short or a long time.(2012·湖南，26)‎ 答案　whether 解析　根据结构词or就很容易断定填whether。whether...or，表示“是……还是……”。句意为：……你居住在那里是很短一段时间还是很长一段时间，都没有关系。‎ 名师点拨 ‎1．连词whether的特点。whether意为“是否”，在从句中不担任成分，这跟which，what，when，where等不同。that在从句中也不担任成分，但它本身无意义，不表示疑问。‎ ‎2．if和whether引导名词性从句的区别。两者在引导宾语从句时经常可以互换，但if一般不用来引导主语、表语、同位语从句；与or not直接连用时用whether；作介词宾语时只用whether；后跟不定式时只用 whether。‎ 考点6　介词后的宾语从句 ‎17．Before the sales start，I make a list of my kids will need for the coming season.(2010·山东，26)‎ 答案　what 解析　句意为：在大甩卖开始前，我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语，所以填what。‎ ‎18．I want to be liked and loved for I am inside.(2010·北京，31)‎ 答案　what 解析　句意为：我想让别人因为我的内在喜欢我。what引导介词for的宾语从句，且在从句中作表语。‎ ‎19．—Have you finished the book?‎ ‎—No.I’ve read up to the children discover the secret cave.(2010·大纲全国Ⅱ，10)‎ 答案　where 解析　考查宾语从句。up to为介词结构，后接宾语从句；而答语句意为“不。我读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方了。”，从句中缺少地点状语，故用where引导这个宾语从句最合适。‎ ‎20．The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for he could find about Mark Twain.(2012·辽宁，34)‎ 答案　whatever 解析　介词for后面跟宾语从句，且引导词作find的宾语；根据句意可知，是找到关于马克·吐温的一切，故用whatever。‎ 名师点拨 介词后宾语从句的特点。‎ ‎(1)介词后不跟that引导的宾语从句(but，except，in例外)，可用it作形式宾语，再把that从句放后。‎ You can depend on it that he will help you.‎ 你可以指望他来帮你。‎ ‎(2)介词后不跟if引导的宾语从句，可跟whether引导的从句。‎ I was curious as to whether he would join us.‎ 我很想知道他是否会加入我们。‎ 名词性从句(二)‎ Ⅰ.高考变式——用适当的连词填空 ‎1．As John Lennon once said，life is happens to you while you are busy making other plans.(2014·湖南，24)‎ 答案　what 解析　考查名词性从句。所填词引导表语从句，且引导词作从句的主语，指物，故用what。‎ ‎2． the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.(2014·陕西，15)‎ 答案　When 解析　考查名词性从句。句意为：延误了的航班何时起飞主要取决于天气。所填词引导主语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，用when。‎ ‎3．It is difficult for us to imagine life was like for slaves in the ancient world.(2014·山东，7)‎ 答案　what 解析　考查宾语从句。从句“ life was like for slaves in the ancient world”中缺宾语，且从句在及物动词imagine后作宾语，故选择连接代词what。‎ ‎4．I think impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses.(2014·天津，14)‎ 答案　what 解析　考查名词性从句。句意为：我认为关于他的绘画给我印象最深的是他使用的颜色。I think引导的宾语从句中包含一个缺少主语的主语从句，故用what。‎ ‎5．—What a mess！You are always so lazy!‎ ‎—I’m not to blame，mum.I am you have made me.‎(2014·江苏，26)‎ 答案　what 解析　考查名词性从句。句意为：——这么乱！你总是这么懒！——妈妈，要怪也不应当怪我啊。我这么懒也是你娇惯出来的。I am后是表语从句，引导词what在从句中作me的补足语，相当于the one/person that，what意为“……的，具有……特征的”。‎ ‎6．“Every time you eat a sweet，drink green tea.” This is my mother used to tell me.(2014·浙江，8)‎ 答案　what 解析　考查表语从句。根据句子含义，这是我妈妈过去常常告诉我的事情，is后面是表语从句，tell后跟双宾语，故用what充当。‎ ‎7．It’s good to know the dogs will be well cared for while we’re away.(2013·山东，30)‎ 答案　that 解析　考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，it作形式主语，后面从句完整，用that引导。‎ ‎8．Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ，26)‎ 答案　what 解析　考查宾语从句。句意为：警察发现了疑似曾失窃的古老雕像。分析句子结构可知，found后为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，因此用what引导。‎ ‎9．The notice came around two in the afternoon the meeting would be postponed.(2012·江苏，27)‎ 答案　that 解析　句意为：会议将被延期的通知大约下午两点钟发布。空格后的句子解释说明名词the notice ‎，即为同位语从句。因从句中不缺任何成分，所以用that引导。‎ ‎10．I made a promise to myself this year，my first year in high school，would be different.(2012·浙江，4)‎ 答案　that 解析　此处为that引导的同位语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，补充说明promise的内容。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 体裁：议论文　话题：电子网络　词数：201‎ Nowadays，it is common that more and more high school students open their own micro blogs on the Internet.For one thing，it can provide a colorful platform to show their talent.For 1 ，it is a useful way to release their 2 (press)．And all these make it more and more popular with high school students. 3 many parents and teachers hold a different view.They think that managing one’s micro blog will take a lot of time and energy， 4 should be used to study.‎ In my view，I am greatly in favor 5 this activity.Today the Internet is playing 6 important and essential role in our life.Therefore as high school students of the Information Age，we need to learn to make use of this 7 (mean) tool to communicate and display ourselves.What’s more，opening and organizing micro blogs need various abilities such as writing，designing，being skillful at computer and so on.Only if we master those abilities can we make a successful micro blog.As a result，we improve ourselves while 8 (organize) our micro blogs.‎ In fact，micro blog 9 (oneself) is of little harm.It is your attitude 10 it that matters.We should take the advantages and avoid some bad effects.‎ ‎1．答案　another 解析　固定搭配：for one thing，...for another...。‎ ‎2．答案　pressure 解析　their后跟名词，故答案为pressure。‎ ‎3．答案　But 解析　前后为转折关系。‎ ‎4．答案　which 解析　考查定语从句的关系词。从句中缺少主语，先行词为物，故答案为which。‎ ‎5．答案　of 解析　固定搭配in favor of支持，赞成。‎ ‎6．答案　an 解析　play a．..role扮演……的角色，important前应用an。‎ ‎7．答案　meaningful 解析　空格处需要一形容词修饰名词tool，故应填meaningful。‎ ‎8．答案　organizing 解析　while＋doing...作时间状语。‎ ‎9．答案　itself 解析　微博本身，填入的词作micro blog的同位语。‎ ‎10．答案　to/towards 解析　...attitude to/towards...对……的态度。‎