2020届二轮复习如何快速在文中找出题干提问的位置

2020届二轮复习如何快速在文中找出题干提问的位置

‎2020届二轮复习如何快速在文中找出题干提问的位置 细节理解题和推理判断题占了阅读理解的三分之二以上。而解答细节理解题和推理判断题关键是第一步：定位！因为阅读理解中重要的原则之一就是忠于原文。忠于原文指的是每题题干都需要回原文定位，找到相应的对应信息才能解题。很多考生解题时只是粗略地看一遍文章，甚至一口气读4道题干，以为自己如有神功，能全部记住。不分析题干内容就去匆忙读原文，这些学生被称为“印象派”。他们解题的错误率极高，究其原因就是题干回原文定位不准。在没有搞懂题干内容的情况下不对应原文，全凭印象和主观猜测解题，效果可想而知。信息定位有以下两个常用技巧：‎ 一　利用题文一致原则定位 从近几年的全国卷高考试题来看，题目答案信息处的顺序和文章行文顺序基本一致，利用题文一致原则，有助于迅速定位原文。‎ ‎【命题规律】　以2019年全国卷Ⅰ 4篇阅读理解为例 篇章 第1题 第2题 第3题 第4题 A 第5段 第8段 第10段 B 第1段 第2段 第5段 全文 C 第1和2段 第2段 第4段 全文 D 第1段 第2段 第4段 全文 二　利用定位词定位 ‎1.定位词的选用 ‎(1)特殊定位词 在很多题目当中会出现人名、地名、数字、年份和大写字母缩写这五类特殊词。因为它们的特点是在一篇多数是英文小写字母的文章里非常的醒目，所以很快就能够做到精确定位。‎ ‎[示例]　(2019·全国卷Ⅱ阅读D)‎ HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.For the past two years，Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity，and they think they’re close to a solution(解决方案).“We don’t give the ‎ students any breaks.They have to do it just like NASA engineers，” says Florence Gold，a project manager.‎ ‎33.What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?‎ A.To strengthen teacher-student relationships.‎ B.To sharpen students’ communication skills.‎ C.To allow students to experience zero gravity.‎ D.To link space technology with school education.‎ 分析：选D。本题可以根据特殊定位词HUNCH可以定位到本段的第一句“HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers.”可知，HUNCH项目的目的是把学校教育与航天技术联系在一起，故答案为D。‎ ‎(2)普通定位词 普通定位词与特殊定位词相比，出现的几率更高。当我们看到题中没有特殊定位词的情况下，要思考的就是在这道似乎没有啥重点的词语中挑选出最能帮助我们快速找到定位的词语。可以当做定位词的首选是名词，其次是动词。‎ ‎[示例]　(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读B)‎ In Save Money：Good Food，she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste，while preparing recipes for under ￡5 per family a day.And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she’s been able to put a lot of what she’s learnt into practice in her own home，preparing meals for sons，Sam，14，Finn，13，and Jack，11.‎ ‎25.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna?‎ A.He buys cooking materials for her.‎ B.He prepares food for her kids.‎ C.He assists her in cooking matters.‎ D.He invites guest families for her.‎ 分析：选C。　由于比较醒目人名Matt Tebbutt和 Susanna在文中出现多次，所以不能作为定位词。本题可以利用题干中的动词help来定位，从而找到原文信息“with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste”。‎ ‎2.挑选定位词的注意点 ‎(1)文章中的高频词不能作为定位词 定位词的最大优势就是可以缩小阅读范围，如果我们定位了一个在文章中处处可能出现的词语，那就失去了定位的意义。‎ ‎(2)定位词和文中词有可能是词义转换 在实际做题过程中还要注意，不是所有的题目都可以用定位词来定位的。而且如果是遇到细节信息定位题，很多时候定位词的作用被削弱了，因为题目中的词和文中的词会以同义词替换的形式出现。所以建议考生一方面要掌握如何去找定位词，另外一方面要提高自己的阅读词汇量，尤其是同义词转换，这样才能一击必中，快速找到答案出现的地方解决问题。‎ ‎[示例]　(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)‎ Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.‎ Duration：3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D.C.Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom.Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear!‎ ‎21.Which tour do you need to book in advance?‎ A.Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.‎ B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.‎ C.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington，D.C.‎ D.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.‎ 分析：选A。本题可以用同义词定位：book in advance ＝reserve“预约”。根据第一条自行车旅行路线中的“Reserve your spot before availability—and the cherry blossoms—disappear！”可知，选择这条自行车旅行路线需要提前预订。‎ ‎【即时训练】　根据定位原则，找出下列各题能用于定位的词语及原文。‎ ‎(2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读C)While famous foreign architects are invited to lead the designs of landmark buildings in China such as the new CCTV tower and the National Center for the Performing Arts，many excellent Chinese architects are making great efforts to take the center stage.‎ Their efforts have been proven fruitful.Wang Shu，a 49-year-old Chinese architect，won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize—which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture—on February 28.He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.‎ Wang serves as head of the Architecture Department at the China Academy of Art (CAA).His office is located at the Xiangshan campus (校园) of the university in Hangzhou，Zhejiang Province.Many buildings on the campus are his original creations.‎ The style of the campus is quite different from that of most Chinese universities.Many visitors were amazed by the complex architectural space and abundant building types.The curves(曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills，forming a unique view.‎ ‎...‎ ‎28.Wang’s winning of the prize means that Chinese architects are .‎ A.following the latest world trend B.getting international recognition C.working harder than ever before D.relying on foreign architects 分析：选B。‎ 定位词语：Wang’s winning of the prize 原文出处：第二段前两句Their efforts have been proven fruitful.Wang Shu，a 49-year-old Chinese architect，won the 2012 Pritzker Architecture Prize—which is often referred to as the Nobel Prize in architecture—on February 28.‎ ‎29.What impressed visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus most?‎ A.Its hilly environment. B.Its large size.‎ C.Its unique style. D.Its diverse functions.‎ 分析：选C。‎ 定位词语：visitors to the CAA Xiangshan campus 原文出处：第四段第一句：The style of the campus is quite different from ‎ ‎ that of most Chinese universities.和第三句：The curves (曲线) of the buildings perfectly match the rise and fall of hills，forming a unique view.‎ 主旨大意题专练 A ‎(2019·兰州诊断)We can have video chat with astronauts aboard the International Space Station and watch live footage from the frozen heights of a mountain.But communicating with a submarine(潜艇) or a diver is not so easy.The lack of practical methods for sharing data between underwater airborne(空气传播的) devices has long been a frustration for scientists.The difficulty stems from the fact that radio signals work perfectly in air travel but poorly in water.Sonar signals used by underwater sensors reflect off the surface of water rather than reaching the air.‎ Now，researchers at MIT have developed a method with the potential to revolutionize underwater communication.“What we’ve shown is that it’s actually feasible to communicate from underwater to the air，” says Fadel Adib，a professor at MIT’s Media Lab，who led the research.‎ The MIT researchers designed a system that uses an underwater machine to send sonar signals to the surface，making vibrations(震动) corresponding to the 1s and 0s of the data.A surface receiver then reads and decodes these tiny vibrations.The researchers call the system TARF.It has any number of potential real-world uses，Adib says.It could be used to find downed planes underwater by reading signals from sonar devices in a plane’s black box and it could allow submarines to communicate with the surface.‎ Right now the technology is low-resolution.The initial study was conducted in the MIT swimming pool at maximum depths of around 11 or 12 feet.The next steps for the researchers are to see if TARF is workable at much greater depths and under varying conditions—high waves，storms，schools of fish.They also want to see if they can make the technology work in the other direction—air to water.If the technology proves successful in real-world conditions，expect “texting while diving” to be the latest underwater fashion.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项麻省理工学院的科学家发明的从水下与地面上的人进行通信的技术。‎ ‎1.What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 1?‎ A.The future of video chat underwater and in air.‎ B.The frustrations of developing underwater devices.‎ C.The difficulty of communication from water to air.‎ D.The current situation of communicating with a submarine.‎ 答案　C　[段落大意题。通读第一段的内容可知，该段主要讲的是从水下与地面的人进行通信非常困难，因此C项正确。]‎ ‎2.What does the underlined word “feasible” mean?‎ A.Achievable. B.Convenient.‎ C.Changeable. D.Alternative.‎ 答案　A　[词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“Now，researchers at MIT have developed...underwater communication”可知，麻省理工学院的研究人员发明了一种可能改变水下通信的方法，使从水下与地面上的人进行沟通成为可能，故画线词与A项“可实现的”意思最相近，故选A。]‎ ‎3.What do we know about TARF?‎ A.It is widely used to find downed planes.‎ B.It can work well at great depths underwater.‎ C.It is an underwater machine that sends signals.‎ D.It can send，receive and read signals from underwater.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。文章第三段详细讲述了TARF系统的工作原理：该系统使用一个水下机器向水面发送声呐信号，使震动与数据的1和0对应，然后水面接收器读取并对这些微小的震动进行重新编码，这样可以从水下与地面上的人进行通信。因此D项正确。]‎ ‎4.What is the best title for the text?‎ A.The Real-world Uses of Sonar Technology B.Full Water-to-air Communication Closer to Reality C.A Breakthrough in the Application of Video Chat D.TARF Becoming a New Means of Communication 答案　B　[标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了科学家发明的一种解决了从水下与地面上的人无法进行通信联系这个难题的系统，研究人员将会把它投入到真实的状况下进行验证，因此B项最适合作本文标题。]‎ B ‎(2019·郑州高三第一次质量预测)‎ The Boundary Waters area of northeastern Minnesota is the ancestral homeland of the Ojibwe people.With no electricity or Wi-Fi，and offering only the slimmest chance of getting a cell signal，the million-plus acres of wild land and water that parents and kids can explore there today is little changed from the 1400s，when the Ojibwe first traveled these waterways in canoes(独木舟).‎ For kids addicted to smartphones and other electronic devices(设备)，such a trip may mark the first time they’ve really experienced true quiet.Although adventure seekers treasure it for its scores of tracks，primitive camping sites，and more than 1，500 miles of canoe routes，it’s the peace of nature and hearing their own breathing and heartbeats，maybe for the first time，that can make this place so magical and meaningful for children.‎ ‎“This place changes people，” says local shop owner Steve Nelson.“It’s a phenomenal experience to share.The wilderness calls you.It really does.” When Nelson takes families into the Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness (BWCAW)，he tells the kids to get up early and silently，take a cup of hot chocolate，and then sit on the shore to watch the plants and animals of the Boundary Waters wake up.‎ ‎“When the parents and children sit there，they are going to hear birds making long high sounds in the distance and singing nearby，” he says.“They might see fish come up and catch insects sitting on the surface，and turtles resting on the rocks.They are watching，listening，hearing，and appreciating their surroundings in a way that isn’t possible in a city.”‎ ‎“There was a family with three boys who would go out into the wilderness for 20 days at a time，”Nelson says.“When I asked the dad why he took the trip year after year，he said，‘Number one，it is one of the most inexpensive vacations.Number ‎ two，and more important，is who my kids are going to talk to out here? It’s just my wife and me，so they have to talk to us.’”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国明尼苏达州宁静、原始、迷人的边界水域。‎ ‎5.What can we learn about the Boundary Waters area from Paragraph 1?‎ A.It provides tourists with a cultural life.‎ B.It has long remained in its natural state.‎ C.It offers tours guided by the Ojibwe people.‎ D.It is a popular theme park for parents and kids.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段中的the million-plus acres of wild land and water...is little changed from the 1400s，when the Ojibwe first traveled these waterways in canoes可知，美国明尼苏达州的边界水域一直保持着原始、自然的状态。]‎ ‎6.What would be the most attractive to kids touring the Boundary Waters area?‎ A.Its true peace.‎ B.Its camping sites.‎ C.Its scores of tracks.‎ D.Its long canoe routes.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的it’s the peace of nature and hearing their own breathing and heartbeats，maybe for the first time，that can make this place so magical and meaningful for children可知，边界水域真正吸引孩子们的是它的宁静。]‎ ‎7.What does Nelson mainly describe in Paragraph 4?‎ A.How animals adapt themselves to the surroundings.‎ B.Some unique species of animals in the BWCAW.‎ C.Differences between city life and country life.‎ D.What tourists can experience in the BWCAW.‎ 答案　D　[段落大意题。根据第四段内容可知，Nelson在本段主要描述了游客在这里所能体验到的。]‎ ‎8.What does the dad in the last paragraph think of the trip here?‎ A.It costs him a lot of money.‎ B.It is a great chance to relax.‎ C.It is filled with adventurous experiences.‎ D.It will improve parent-child communication.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Number two，and more important，is who my kids are going to talk to out here？It’s just my wife and me，so they have to talk to us可推知，这位父亲认为在这里旅行有助于加强父母和孩子之间的交流。]‎ C ‎(2019·长沙四校高考模拟)We’re often reminded of the importance of preserving the planet as we see it for future generations—and children at St Oswald’s CE Primary School Chester certainly agree.‎ Nine-year-old Isobel Kelleher from the school’s Hummingbirds class thinks adults need to take note.“Sometimes they can be busy and I don’t think they think they can make a difference，but if everyone does a little bit it all adds up，” she tells HuffPost UK.“We started looking at plastic pollution in our oceans and the things like plastic bags that are polluting them，” she says.“Fish can eat the plastic and they can die，or we might even eat the fish ourselves.”‎ Mr Timms，Isobel’s teacher，has been spearheading a new project at the school which lets children loose creatively to raise awareness of the need to be more environmentally friendly.The entire Hummingbirds class，which is made up of 9-and 10-year-old pupils，has been busy writing poems and creating online video adverts to warn adults about the serious situation of our oceans and wildlife.‎ Mr Timms thinks children have an important role to play in teaching us how to take care of the things around us.“We sometimes overlook how much we can really learn from children，” he says.“It has been really hard to believe having parents come in ‎ saying that their children have been asking them to stop using plastic，and to recycle more，and even stopping them using plastic straws.”‎ Mr Timms is proud of his Hummingbirds class.“The message that they would like to send to the world is simple：stopping this isn’t someone else’s job，and it won’t be OK if we just leave it.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“蜂鸟班”积极响应一个环保教育项目。该班由9岁和10岁的孩子组成，他们通过写诗和制作在线视频广告以提醒成年人注意环保问题。‎ ‎9.What can we infer about adults according to Isobel Kelleher?‎ A.They just pretend to be busy.‎ B.They haven’t done their part well.‎ C.They can do nothing to stop pollution.‎ D.They have started to care about the ocean.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，尤其是第一句“Nine-year-old Isobel Kelleher from the school’s Hummingbirds class thinks adults need to take note”可知，学校“蜂鸟班”里九岁的伊泽贝尔认为成年人需要注意环保问题；据此可推知，成年人在环保问题上没有做得很好，故B项正确。]‎ ‎10.What is the purpose of the school project?‎ A.To help adults to learn more about their kids.‎ B.To remind adults to be friendly to the environment.‎ C.To persuade students to stop using plastic bags.‎ D.To teach students how to write poems creatively.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第三段尾句可知，整个“蜂鸟班”由9岁和10岁的学生组成，他们一直忙着写诗和制作在线视频广告，提醒成年人海洋和野生动物所处的严重处境；据此可知，该项目旨在提醒成年人要注意环保问题，故B项正确。]‎ ‎11.Why does Mr Timms mention parents in Paragraph 4?‎ A.To prove kids are creative in teaching.‎ B.To attract people to support his work.‎ C.To have adults care about education.‎ D.To show the effects of the project.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第四段尾句可知，真的很难相信有父母说孩子们要求他们停止使用塑料，甚至要求他们停止使用塑料吸管；据此可推知，该段提及父母旨在说明该项目对成年人的影响，故D项正确。]‎ ‎12.What is the text mainly about?‎ A.An inspiring school project.‎ B.An appeal to stop plastic bags.‎ C.Serious situations of our planet.‎ D.Adults’ ignorance of the environment.‎ 答案　A　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章第三段第一句为全文的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了“蜂鸟班”积极响应一个环保教育项目，该班由9岁和10岁的孩子组成，他们通过写诗和制作在线视频广告，提醒成年人注意环保问题。故A项正确。]‎ 细节理解题专练 A New York Walking Tours ‎◆Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Walking Tour Start this exciting guided 4-hour tour by getting early Reserve Line Access boarding on the ferry to Liberty Island.Once there，go inside the base of the statue and head to the observation decks for an awesome view of New York City and its surroundings.Then come back on the ferry to Ellis Island to learn about the history of immigration (移民入境) to America that took place here between 1892 and 1954.‎ ‎◆Central Park Walking Tour Walk through Central Park’s most picturesque highlights on a 2-hour tour with a professional photographer.Remember your New York City adventure with unforgettable images of you with family or friends as you circle the towers at Belvedere Castle，and walk through paths with flowers in the Conservatory Garden，or feed the swans by the Loeb Boathouse.‎ ‎◆New York City Architecture Walking Tour Learn about the history of the buildings that define the New York City skyline on a ‎ 3-hour walking architecture tour.Walk down the famous 42nd Street corridor with a longtime New York resident(居民) and architectural expert，stopping along the way to learn about Midtown Manhattan’s most iconic structures like the Chrysler Building，Grand Central Station and the New York Public Library.‎ ‎◆Greenwich Village Walking Tour Greenwich Village is one of New York City’s most beautiful and famous neighborhoods.Take a guided 2-hour walking tour of this legendary Lower Manhattan space.Hear about the famous artists who once lived here，from Edgar Allan Poe to Bob Dylan，Jimi Hendrix and countless others.Walk the winding streets and visit popular Washington Square Park，reliving more than 200 years of history.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　该文介绍了四个在纽约进行徒步旅行的项目。‎ ‎1.Why do tourists visit Ellis Island?‎ A.To know about American immigration history.‎ B.To explore the surroundings of the island.‎ C.To get a whole view of New York City.‎ D.To observe Statue of Liberty closely.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Walking Tour部分的最后一句“Then come back on the ferry to Ellis Island to learn about the history of immigration(移民入境) to America that took place here between 1892 and 1954”可知，旅游者参观埃利斯岛的目的是了解移民美国的历史。故选A。]‎ ‎2.Who will go with tourists on Central Park Walking Tour?‎ A.An experienced guide.‎ B.An architectural expert.‎ C.A professional photographer.‎ D.A longtime New York resident.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据Central Park Walking Tour部分的第一句“Walk through Central Park’s most picturesque highlights on a 2-hour tour with a professional photographer”可知，在中央公园的徒步旅行中会有一个专业摄影师和旅游者在一起。]‎ ‎3.Which tour takes the longest time?‎ A.Central Park Walking Tour.‎ B.Greenwich Village Walking Tour.‎ C.New York City Architecture Walking Tour.‎ D.Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Walking Tour.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Walking Tour部分第一句中的“Start this exciting guided 4-hour tour”可知，这个徒步旅行需要4个小时。而其他三个徒步旅行需要的时间分别是：2个小时，3个小时，2个小时。故选D。]‎ ‎4.What can tourists do on Greenwich Village Walking Tour?‎ A.Take unforgettable pictures.‎ B.Come across Bob Dylan.‎ C.Visit New York Public Library.‎ D.Learn about famous artists.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句“Hear about the famous artists who once lived here，from Edgar Allan Poe to Bob Dylan，Jimi Hendrix and countless others”可知，游客可以通过Greenwich Village Walking Tour这个徒步旅行项目去了解著名的艺术家。]‎ B ‎(2019·长春市质量监测)Pangolins(穿山甲)are strange-looking creatures，covered with hard scales(鳞).They can roll up into a ball to protect themselves from enemies and have tongues that are longer than their bodies.‎ Pangolins have recently become the focus of Chinese people.A screenshot of a microblog post showing some people eating pangolins at a feast spread.A few days later，people were angered again by pictures showing people eating protected animals，including pangolins.‎ Yet this is only the tip of the iceberg.Many more pangolins have been hunted or ‎ killed.According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)，more than 1 million of them have been killed or sold in the last 10 years.It also said that they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world.In September 2016，the IUCN added the pangolin to the world’s “endangered animals list”.They are now more endangered than pandas.‎ A growing trade of their scales and meat is the main reason for their decline in number.Many people in Asia and Africa consider pangolin meat is delicious.Some people even think pangolin scales have medical qualities.However，their scales are made of keratin(角蛋白)，the same material human fingernails are made of.‎ Luckily，the situation is getting better.World Pangolin Day is on the third Saturday of February each year.It’s a day to help people know more about pangolins.The government now stops anyone from buying and eating pangolins in China.Breaking this law is regarded as a crime，and the trade of pangolins across the world is also not allowed，according to the Convention on Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。本文阐述了穿山甲濒临灭绝的现状，以及为保护穿山甲而采取的举措。‎ ‎5.Pangolins have caught people’s attention these years because .‎ A.they look strange B.they appear in some movies C.they are killed and eaten by people D.they have something to do with pandas 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词“attention”和“these years”，我们把答案定位在第二段。该段开头说，穿山甲近来成为中国人关注的焦点，然后提到一张屏幕截图和一些图片里，穿山甲成为人们的盘中珍馐，这与C项的描述是一致的。]‎ ‎6.What can we learn from the passage?‎ A.Pangolins can roll up into a ball to attack enemies.‎ B.More than 1 million pangolins were killed or sold last year.‎ C.Pangolins were named the most endangered animal in 2016.‎ D.The pangolin is a kind of mammals.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第三段内容，尤其是“they are the most illegally traded mammals in the world”可知，穿山甲是一种哺乳动物。故选D项。]‎ ‎7.The real aim of World Pangolin Day may be to .‎ A.attract people to the zoo to watch pangolins B.lift people’s awareness of protecting pangolins C.remind people of pangolins’ medical value D.explain the law to people 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据题干中的“World Pangolin Day”，我们把答案定位在最后一段。该段主要陈述为保护穿山甲而采取的举措，而这个节日能让人们更多地了解穿山甲，从而提高人们保护穿山甲的意识，故B项符合题意。]‎ ‎8.What might be the author’s attitude towards the measures taken to protect pangolins?‎ A.Positive. B.Negative.‎ C.Disappointed. D.Unconcerned.‎ 答案　A　[观点态度题。根据最后一段内容可知，中国政府禁止任何人购买和食用穿山甲，世界各地也禁止买卖穿山甲，局面正在好转，由此可推知作者觉得这些措施是有效的，因此选A。]‎ C ‎(2019·大连高三双基测试)Although traditional home security service remains popular，new smart technologies have made it easy for people to set up their own systems.Wi-Fi cameras are particularly popular among home security projects，and although there are a number of security camera makers in the market，the new SimCam—a successful crowdfunding(众筹) project now on Kickstarter—is a promising newcomer that offers its interesting edge over competitors.‎ While other Wi-Fi security cameras can win the “smart” title thanks to features like Wi-Fi connectivity and app-based control interfaces(界面)，the SimCam is the first to feature AI designed for facial recognition and pet monitoring.This is accomplished by an Intel Movidius sight-processing unit which features machine learning technology that allows it to remember friendly people，monitor specific objects and places which ‎ you can select，and tell pets and other harmless movement to prevent false alarms.‎ It is robust as well：Its body is IP65 waterproof-rated and made of wear-resistant material，meaning you can fix it both indoors and out.What’s more，the sensor records HD video in 1080p and is able to monitor things at night.Its speedy Wi-Fi connectivity allows for quick real-time video feeds and photo warnings as well.‎ Better still：Unlike many other home security projects，the SimCam requires no monthly payments—buy it，fix it，and you’re set.It uses SD cards rather than a cloud service for storing video and images.Not only does this remove the need for “cloud fees”，it also protects your privacy as photos and video of your home are not being sent and stored elsewhere.‎ The campaign has already blown past its funding goals on Kickstarter(currently at over $200，000，well beyond its original $30，000 target).If you’re looking to improve your home security setup and are in the market for a new Wi-Fi camera or two to protect your castle，then take an immediate action.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文中介绍了有关保证家庭安全的新型科技产品——SimCam，它有面部识别和宠物监控的独特功能。‎ ‎9.Where can you find the SimCam’s unique functions?‎ A.In paragraph 1. B.In paragraph 2.‎ C.In paragraph 3. D.In paragraph 4.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。文章第二段提到了“While other Wi-Fi security cameras can...and pet monitoring”，指出SimCam独特的功能是面部识别和宠物监控，故本题应选B项。]‎ ‎10.Which can best explain “robust” underlined in paragraph 3?‎ A.Valuable. B.Complex.‎ C.Intelligent. D.Strong.‎ 答案　D　[词义猜测题。根据画线词后面的“Its body is IP65 waterproof-rated...both indoors and out”可知，SimCam很结实耐用，故strong“坚固的，结实的”符合题意。]‎ ‎11.How does the SimCam prevent privacy exposure?‎ A.By keeping its data in SD cards.‎ B.By coding the video and images.‎ C.By using a special cloud service.‎ D.By removing the need for cloud fees.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It uses SD cards...and stored elsewhere”可知，SimCam保护隐私的方式是它不用云储存服务而是把图片和录像存在SD卡中。]‎ 词义猜测题专练 A ‎(2019·昆明高三诊断)Gabriella’s family immigrated to the US from Peru when she was two years old.As a compound bilingual(熟谙两种语言的人)，Gabriella develops two linguistic codes at the same time，with a set of concepts，learning both English and Spanish.Her teenage brother，on the other hand，might be a coordinate bilingual，working with two sets of concepts，learning English in school，Spanish at home.Finally，Gabriella’s parents are likely to be subordinate bilinguals who learned a second language by translating it into their mother tongue.‎ Regardless of accent and pronunciation，all types of bilingual people can become fully proficient in a language.It seems that the difference may not be apparent.But recently brain imaging technology has given a glimpse into how specific aspects of language learning affect the bilingual brain.It’s well known that the brain’s left hemisphere (半球) is in charge of logical processes，while the right hemisphere is more active in emotional and social ones.Language involves both types of functions.Critical period hypothesis says children learn languages more easily because their developing brains let them use both hemispheres in language learning，while in most adults，language relies on one hemisphere，usually the left.‎ Before the 1960s，bilingualism was considered a handicap that slowed the children’s development by forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages.But a recent study did show that bilingualism may make you smarter.It does make your brain more complex，healthier，and more actively engaged，and even if you didn’t have the good fortune of learning a second language like a child，it’s never too late to do yourself a favor and make the linguistic leap from “Hello” to “Hola”‎ ‎ “Bonjour” or “nihao” because when it comes to our brains，a little exercise can go a long way.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，双语学习能使大脑更加聪明、更加健康、更加活跃；学习外语永远不迟。‎ ‎1.Why is Gabriella’s family used as the example in Paragraph 1?‎ A.To show that the family are bilinguals.‎ B.To explain the advantages of bilinguals.‎ C.To illustrate the three types of bilinguals.‎ D.To prove all ages can learn foreign languages.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第一段的内容可知，Gabriella家中有三种不同的双语学习类型的人，即Gabriella同时学习英语和西班牙语；她的弟弟在学校学习英语，在家里学习西班牙语；她的父母则通过将第二语言翻译为母语来学习第二语言。据此可知，第一段以Gabriella的家庭为例是为了说明三种不同双语学习类型的人，故C项正确。]‎ ‎2.Why do the children learn languages more easily than adults?‎ A.Because they learn languages with a set of concepts.‎ B.Because they use both hemispheres to learn languages.‎ C.Because their mother tongue doesn’t influence them much.‎ D.Because they can easily translate one language into another.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段尾句中的“children learn languages more easily...usually the left”可知，儿童学习语言更容易是因为他们发育中的大脑让他们在语言学习中使用两个大脑半球，而在大多数成年人中，学习语言依赖于一个脑半球，通常是左半球，故B项正确。]‎ ‎3.Which of the following best explains “handicap” underlined in Paragraph 3?‎ A.Disease. B.Disability.‎ C.Disadvantage. D.Illness.‎ 答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Before the 1960s...distinguishing between languages”，尤其是该句中的“slowed”和“forcing them to spend too much energy distinguishing between languages”并结合语境可推知，画线词与C项“‎ 不利因素，障碍”意思相近，故C项正确。]‎ ‎4.What can we infer from the text?‎ A.The left brain is more important for language learning.‎ B.Learning languages can promote the brain development.‎ C.The proficiency of language becomes weak gradually with age.‎ D.Immigrants have advantages in learning languages over natives.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第三段第二、三句“But a recent study did show...and more actively engaged”可知，研究确实表明，双语可能会让你更聪明，它会让你的大脑更复杂、更健康、更活跃；据此可推知，语言学习促进大脑的发展，故B项正确。]‎ B ‎(2019·惠州高三第一次调考)‎ Tourism is often about seeking deeper emotional and personal connections with the world around us.Not all travel experiences，however，need to take place in the real world.With the evolution of virtual reality (VR) technology，tourism will increasingly become a combination of physical and virtual worlds.VR may even remove the need to travel entirely.‎ But can a VR experience really equal a real world one？Many experts believe it can.Studies have shown that our brains have an inbuilt VR-like mechanism that enables us to live imagined experiences.Much of our waking life is spent thinking about either the past or the future.This is known as “mind wandering”.During these events we’re not paying attention to the current world around us.Instead，we’re recalling memories，or creating and processing imagined futures.‎ When engaged in mind wandering，our brains process these mental images using the same pathways used to receive inputs from the real world.So，the imagined past or future can create emotions and feelings similar to how we react to everyday life.VR can create these same feelings.‎ While critics might argue that a virtual experience will never match reality，there are several ways VR tourism could make a positive contribution.Firstly it could help protect sensitive locations from over-tourism.In recent years famous sites such as ‎ Maya Bay in Thailand，have had to limit the number of visitors because of their negative impact.These places are now producing their own VR experiences that will allow tourists to pass through virtual models of the sites.‎ Virtual reality may also allow people back in time，to experience historical events，visit ancient cities，and even to walk among dinosaurs.‎ Finally，in a world where many people suffer from stress and depression due to overwork，virtual tourism may provide a cheap and convenient way for people to take brief holidays to otherwise unreachable destinations and recharge their batteries，without ever leaving their homes.‎ It sounds like science fiction but it’s already happening(流行的).As virtual technology improves and as people continue to demand new and interesting experiences，more virtual tourism will be expected，both in combination with the real world and instead of it.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　随着虚拟现实技术的发展，旅游业将日益成为客观世界和虚拟世界的结合体。‎ ‎5.What is driving the development of virtual tourism?‎ A.Companies seeking to make more money.‎ B.Improvements in virtual reality technology.‎ C.People’s demand for more shared experiences.‎ D.People’s deeper understanding of the physical world.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“With the evolution of virtual reality (VR) technology，tourism will...and virtual worlds”可知，虚拟现实技术的进步促进了虚拟旅游业的发展。故选B。]‎ ‎6.Which of the following best describes “mind wandering”？‎ A.The brain processes which help people think VR is real.‎ B.The way the brain processes inputs from the real world.‎ C.Brain activities focusing on past or future events.‎ D.Experiences coming from a person’s imagination.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Much of our waking life is spent thinking ‎ about either the past or the future.This is known as ‘mind wandering’”可知，大脑漫游是指我们的大脑关注过去或未来的活动。故选C。]‎ ‎7.What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A.Science fiction. B.Virtual technology.‎ C.Virtual tourism. D.The real world.‎ 答案　D　[代词指代题。根据最后一段最后一句中的“both in combination with the real world and instead of it”并结合语境可推知，代词it在这里指代上文中出现的“the real world”。故选D。]‎ ‎8.What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A.To describe the advantages of VR tourism.‎ B.To give suggestions for reducing overtourism.‎ C.To encourage people to develop VR technology.‎ D.To argue that VR tourism will replace the real world travel.‎ 答案　A　[写作意图题。本文前三段主要介绍了虚拟旅游业兴起的原因以及虚拟现实的运行原理，后四段主要介绍了虚拟旅游业的好处。由此可知，本文是为了介绍虚拟旅游业的优势。故选A。]‎ C ‎(2019·福州高三抽测)Elena Griffing has just spent her 72nd year working for the same San Francisco Bay Area hospital，and she has no plans to stop working anytime soon.The hospital has seen her recent 92nd birthday.‎ For Griffing，who has held several different positions in her decades of employment，every day on the job is a celebration.She can’t wait to go to work every day and likes doing anything to help patients and others.She has taken only four days of sick leave in her 72 years of work.‎ On a Sunday about 17 years ago，she had her appendix(阑尾) cut off at the Berkeley ‎ facility.The following day，she put on her dress，walked one floor down from her hospital room and got to work.But when the doctor got wind，he sent her home.‎ Griffing’s first day on the job was April 10，1946，when she was 20.She worked there with founder and nurse Alta Alice Miner Bates.Her first job in the hospital was in the lab，where a woman’s urine(尿) was put into animals like frogs and rabbits to determine if she had a baby.Griffing was the right-hand woman to the doctor and quickly became experienced in the job.‎ Now，she is living a regular and comfortable life，enjoying gardening，jazz and coming to work.If she has her way，she’ll keep working “until they throw me out or they carry me out in a box”.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　该文主要讲述了一个在医院连续工作72年的护士的爱岗敬业的故事。‎ ‎9.What does Griffing think about her work in the hospital?‎ A.It is a money-earning job.‎ B.It is a birthday celebration.‎ C.It is enjoyable.‎ D.It is helpful to her illness.‎ 答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“For Griffing...is a celebration”可知，在医院工作的每一天 对Griffing来讲都是一种庆祝。由此可推知，Griffing认为在医院的工作是令人愉快的，故选C。]‎ ‎10.What does the underlined part “the right-hand woman to the doctor” mean?‎ A.The woman newly being a doctor.‎ B.The woman good at helping the doctor.‎ C.The woman good at using the doctor’s right hand.‎ D.The woman knowing nothing about the doctor.‎ 答案　B　[句意猜测题。根据第四段最后一句中的“quickly became experienced in the job”可推知，画线部分所在句表示Griffing是医生的得力助手，并很快对工作娴熟起来，故选B。]‎ ‎11.When will Griffing probably stop working?‎ A.When she is 94 years old.‎ B.When she is dead.‎ C.When she is 72 years old.‎ D.When her appendix is cut off.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“If she has her way，she’ll keep working ‘until they throw me out or they carry me out in a box’”可推知，对Griffing来说，她将很可能一直工作到逝世为止，故选B。]‎ ‎12.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?‎ A.Never Too Old to Work B.A Right-hand Woman C.The Oldest Woman in the Hospital D.An Old Woman Without Her Appendix 答案　A　[标题判断题。短文第一段开篇点题，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，本文主要讲述了一个在医院连续工作72年的护士的爱岗敬业的故事，而且这名护士很可能一直工作到逝世为止，故选A。]‎ 推理判断题专练 A ‎(2019·辽宁五校协作体联合模拟)A new chapter opened in mankind’s exploration of the moon on Thursday morning as the first probe(航天探测器) to land on the moon’s far side reached its destination after a 26-day journey.The Chang’e 4 lunar probe，representing China’s latest step in lunar investigation，landed at 10：26 am at the Von Kármán crater and then sent back three photos of the landing site shot by cameras on the probe’s lander (着陆器)，marking the world’s first images taken on the surface of the far side.‎ One of the photos，published by the China National Space Administration，shows the place where Chang’e 4’s rover，which was named Yutu 2 on Thursday night，will be heading to explore and survey.Thus began the first long journey to the side of the ‎ moon that faces away from the Earth.It is meant to fulfill scientists’ long-held desire to closely observe the lesser known region.‎ Tidal(潮汐的) forces on Earth slow the moon’s rotation to the point that the same side always faces Earth.The other side，most of which is never visible from Earth，is the far side of the moon.While it has been photographed by spacecraft，starting with a Soviet probe in 1959，no probe had ever made a soft landing there，so scientists had not been able to conduct surface level observations and surveys of the region.‎ Wu Weiren，chief designer of China’s lunar program，said in Beijing on Thursday that the landing “was perfect”.He called the event “an important milestone for China’s space exploration”，adding that it has made a good start for future lunar exploration efforts.‎ With its investigation of the far side，particularly the Von Kármán crater，the Chang’e 4 mission will enable scientists to find out what they haven’t known about the moon and deepen their knowledge of its early history and of the solar system.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　嫦娥四号探测器在月球背面着陆，这标志着中国探月工程的巨大进步，同时也为人类了解月球的背面提供了信息。‎ ‎1.What is the first paragraph mainly about?‎ A.The basic data of the Chang’e 4 lunar probe.‎ B.The Chang’e 4’s world-first landing on the moon’s far side.‎ C.The Chang’e 4’s 26-day visit to the far side of the moon.‎ D.The description of the photos taken on the surface of the moon’s far side.‎ 答案　B　[主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“A new chapter opened...after a 26-day journey”可知，本段主要介绍了嫦娥四号实现了人类首次在月球背面着陆。故选B。]‎ ‎2.What does the underlined word “it” in the third paragraph refer to?‎ A.The lander.‎ B.The rover.‎ C.The far side of the moon.‎ D.The Chang’e 4 lunar probe.‎ 答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据第三段的第二句“The other side，most of which is never visible from Earth，is the far side of the moon”以及画线词所在句中的“While it has been photographed by spacecraft”可知，it在这里指代“the far side of the moon”，故选C。]‎ ‎3.What can we infer from this text?‎ A.It is only on the moon that people can explore the deep space.‎ B.The scientific information obtained by Chang’e 4 will be new to the world.‎ C.It is the first time for people to see the pictures of the far side of the moon.‎ D.Chinese space technology is more advanced than that of any other country’s.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的“marking the world’s first images taken on the surface of the far side”可知，嫦娥四号月球探测器发回的照片是世界上首次在月球背面拍摄的照片，由此可推知，B项正确。]‎ ‎4.In which section of a website can we probably read this text?‎ A.Tourism.‎ B.Health Care.‎ C.Science and Technology.‎ D.Art and Entertainment.‎ 答案　C　[推理判断题。本文为新闻报道，介绍了嫦娥四号探测器首次在月球背面着陆，这标志着中国探月工程的巨大进步，由此可推知，本文可能出自一个网站的科技版面。故选C。]‎ B ‎(2019·唐山部分学校高三教学质量检测)‎ Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs) are compounds that are set to solve some tough challenges：producing water in the desert，removing greenhouse gases from the air and storing dangerous gases more safely.‎ The Arizona desert is really dry.Anyone stuck in it without water would die from dehydration within three days，unless he had one of Omar Yaghi’s next-generation water harvesters，who is a chemist at the University of California，Berkeley.Although daytime humidity (湿度) is only about 10 percent，this rises to 40 percent at night，which means there’s enough water in the atmosphere to support life—if it can be ‎ transformed into liquid form.‎ That’s exactly what Yaghi’s invention does.It’s about the size of a small microwave oven，designed to suck the water from the air at night and turn it into drinking water the next day using only the heat of the sun as its power source.What makes it work is a special material called a MOF，which at normal temperatures attracts water molecules(分子)onto the surface of its internal small holes.Warm it up and get the water，each harvest producing one-third of a cup of pure drinking water.“A device the size of a washing machine could produce enough water for the basic needs of a household，” says Yaghi.‎ These crystalline(结晶的) groups of metals linked by organic molecules can be made into materials with an extremely high absorption ability，attracting specific molecules to their surfaces.In this way，MOFs cling to a variety of liquids and gases.‎ MOFs work thanks to their distinctive structure.In fact，one MOF the size of a sugar cube has so many small holes that they would cover an area as large as six football fields.MOFs are also extremely stable，light and have many different uses: their molecular structure can be varied to attract specific molecules.Adding a small amount of heat or pressure causes the MOF to give what it’s holding.More than 70，000 different MOFs have been produced to date for various applications.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇科普说明文。文章主要介绍了一种新型材料——金属有机框架，它仅以空气中的水分为来源，利用太阳能即可源源不断地生产出大量淡水，即使在空气中水分子稀薄的沙漠中也毫不费力。‎ ‎5.Why is the Arizona desert mentioned in the second paragraph?‎ A.To introduce water harvesters.‎ B.To stress the importance of water.‎ C.To express the urgent need for water there.‎ D.To show the severity of its condition.‎ 答案　A　[推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The Arizona desert...water harvesters”可知，作者提及亚利桑那州的沙漠是为了引出Omar Yaghi的下一代吸水设备以及下文对其的介绍。]‎ ‎6.What plays a vital role in water harvesters?‎ A.Solar energy.‎ B.Water molecules.‎ C.MOFs’ internal small holes.‎ D.Metal-organic frameworks.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“What makes it work is a special material called a MOF”可知，使吸水设备工作的是一种叫做金属有机框架的特殊材料，故金属有机框架在该设备中起了关键作用。]‎ ‎7.Which can explain the phrase “cling to” underlined in paragraph 4?‎ A.Give off. B.Break down.‎ C.Hold onto. D.Turn into.‎ 答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据画线短语前的“These crystalline(结晶的) groups of metals...to their surfaces”可知，这些由有机分子连接在一起的金属结晶群可被制成吸收能力极高的材料，以吸引特定分子到它们的表面，即金属有机框架可以吸附各种液体和气体，故hold onto“抓紧”和画线短语cling to的意思最为接近。]‎ ‎8.What will probably be covered in the following paragraphs?‎ A.The future of the MOF technology.‎ B.Other uses of the MOF technology.‎ C.The improvement to the MOF technology.‎ D.Possible limitations of the MOF technology.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了金属有机框架可以帮助解决沙漠地区的缺水问题，再结合第一段中的“solve some tough challenges：producing water...gases more safely”可推知，接下来可能会介绍金属有机框架在清除温室气体、安全储存危险气体方面的用途。]‎ C Who’re happier，men or women? Research shows it’s a complex question and that asking whether males or females are happier isn’t really that helpful，because basically，happiness is different for women and men.‎ Women’s happiness has been declining for the past 30 years，according to recent statistics.And research shows that women are twice as likely to experience depression ‎ compared with men.Gender(性别) differences in depression are well confirmed and studies have found that biological，psychological and social factors contribute to the difference.‎ Early studies on gender and happiness found men and women were socialized to express different feelings.Women are more likely to express happiness，warmth and fear，which help with social bonding and appear more consistent with the traditional role as a primary caregiver，while men display more anger，pride and disrespect，which are more consistent with a protector and provider role.‎ Recent research suggests that these differences are not just socially，but also genetically related.Studies have looked into these findings further and discovered that females use more areas of the brain containing mirror neurons (镜像神经元) than males when they process feelings.Mirror neurons allow us to experience the world from other people’s view，to understand their actions and intentions.This may explain why women can experience deeper sadness.Women tend to experience more negative feelings，such as more guilt，shame and to a lesser degree，embarrassment.‎ Psychologically it seems men and women differ in the way they process and express feelings.With the exception of anger，women experience feelings more strongly and share their feelings more openly with others.Studies have found in particular that women express more appreciation—which has been linked to greater happiness.This supports the theory that women’s happiness is more dependent on relationships than men’s.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面介绍了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。‎ ‎9.Which feeling are men more likely to show compared with women?‎ A.Warmth. B.Depression.‎ C.Happiness. D.Disrespect.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句中的“while men display more anger，pride and disrespect”可知，男性表现更多的是生气、骄傲和无礼，故选D。]‎ ‎10.What factors cause women to share feelings more openly?‎ A.Psychological factors. B.Biological factors.‎ C.Educational factors. D.Social factors.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段的内容可知，本段从心理方面介绍了男性和女性在处理和表达感情方面的不同：与男性相比，女性更加公开地表露自己内心的情感。]‎ ‎11.One can probably read the text from .‎ A.a science fiction B.a culture brochure C.a nursery guide D.a health magazine 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异。由此可推知，本文有可能摘自一本健康杂志，故选D项。]‎ ‎12.What is the text mainly about?‎ A.Men and women differ in biology and psychology.‎ B.Men and women experience happiness differently.‎ C.Social roles have a great effect on men and women.‎ D.Women’s happiness has declined in the past years.‎ 答案　B　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文从社会、生理和心理三个方面分析了男性和女性在幸福感上的差异，故B项最符合文意。]‎ 观点态度题专练 A ‎(2019·武昌区高三元月调研)With smart technology increasingly influencing all aspects of our lives，it is only a matter of time before someone invents smart shoes—ones that can be made based on personal needs.Called “ShiftWear”，the sneakers are the brainchild of a team of businessmen，and engineers led by New York-based designer David Coelho.‎ The adaptable shoes can be customized by using a smart phone app.Shoe owners will have the option of selecting a design from a variety of HD patterns by famous artists or creating one themselves.The company’s founders imagine the marketplace where artists can not only share but also sell their designs to others.Despite being electronic，the designs are clearly visible even in the brightest sunlight.What’s even cooler is that ‎ by switching on backlight，users can even show their designs in the dark!‎ According to Coelho，the sneakers will keep their charge forever if only images are displayed.Though they will need periodic recharging，active users have nothing to worry about.That’s because the shoes are equipped with special Walk-N-Charge technology that powers the shoes—with every step.Inactive users also have options of charging the sneakers without using wires.‎ The bottom part of the shoes is covered with Kevlar fibers，a kind of strong material，reducing normal wear and tear.Even better，they are completely waterproof(防水的) and can even be thrown into an ordinary laundry machine for a quick wash! The company predicts that the shoes will range in price from $150 to $1，000 depending on the size of the E-Panels where the designs are displayed.‎ This is not the first time that electronics and shoes have combined.Lithuania-based iShuh Technologies has come up with a similar concept that connects e-reader panels to a smart phone app via the Bluetooth.Whether these smart shoes become as popular as our smart devices remains to be seen，though they surely are attractive.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种智能运动鞋。‎ ‎1.What can we know about the smart shoes from the text?‎ A.The electronic designs can not be seen clearly at night.‎ B.The designers make sure every pair of sneakers is unique.‎ C.The bottom part of the shoes can last longer due to special materials.‎ D.The shoes have to be washed by hand to protect the electronics.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“The bottom part of...normal wear and tear”可知，鞋子的底部附着凯芙拉合成纤维，这是一种增强材料，可以减少正常的磨损；据此可知，由于使用了特殊的材料，这种鞋子的鞋底耐磨，故C项正确。]‎ ‎2.What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?‎ A.How the sneakers are charged.‎ B.How the sneakers can work well.‎ C.What images the sneakers show.‎ D.What technology the sneakers carry.‎ 答案　A　[段落大意题。通读第三段可知，该段第一句“According to Coelho...images are displayed”为该段的主题句，并结合全段内容可知，该段主要介绍了这种鞋子是如何充电的：活跃的用户可以通过走路来充电，不活跃的用户也可以不用电线充电。故A项正确。]‎ ‎3.The varied prices of the sneakers mainly depend on .‎ A.the length of the shoes B.the size of their E-Panels C.the designers of the shoes D.the material of their bottoms 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“The company predicts...the designs are displayed”可知，该公司预计，这款鞋的价格范围将是150美元到1 000美元，这取决于展示这些设计的电子显示屏的尺寸，故B项正确。]‎ ‎4.How does the author feel about the sneakers’ future market?‎ A.Negative. B.Anxious.‎ C.Uncertain. D.Confident.‎ 答案　C　[观点态度题。根据尾段最后一句“Whether these smart shoes...they surely are attractive”可知，尽管这些智能鞋子很有吸引力，但是它们是否会像我们的智能设备一样流行还有待观察；据此可推知，作者对这种鞋子的未来并不确定，故C项正确。]‎ B A shirt，tie and blazer may not be my favorite，but if I were given the choice，I wouldn’t throw away the idea of school uniform.Wearing a uniform is a badge of pride，creates an identity for a school and is an important part of being a school student.‎ My school is one of many that seem to be shifting to a more formal uniform—this September I will be wearing a shirt and blazer instead of my old jumper and polo shirt.A number of students have complained about the change，but some people believe that a school uniform can improve learning by reducing distraction，sharpening focus ‎ on schoolwork and making the classroom a more serious environment，allowing students to perform better academically.Perhaps most importantly，a uniform means students don’t have to worry about peer pressure when it comes to their clothes.When everyone is dressed the same，worrying about what you look like isn’t so important.There is no competition about being dressed in the latest trend，which would put a great deal of financial pressure on students and parents.Potential bullies have one less target for their results；it’s hard to make fun of what someone is wearing when you’re dressed exactly the same.‎ In America，where a majority of schools do not have a uniform，roughly 160，000 children miss school every day due to fear of attack or intimidation by other students.This might not be directly linked to what they’re wearing，but having a uniform can be a safety net for many students who might otherwise suffer from bullying.A uniform gives the impression that rules are strict，perhaps helping maintain a sense of order at school.‎ My uniform might not be what I would wear in my own time，but it gives me a sense of belonging，takes away the pressure of what to wear and stops the bullies.School uniform isn’t fashionable，but that’s exactly why I think it should be here to stay.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。在学校“我”选择穿校服，因为校服是学校的标志，学生统一穿校服能使教室成为严肃的场所，让学生更加专注于学习；此外，穿校服还能减少校园欺凌事件的发生。‎ ‎5.Why does the writer mention American children without uniforms in the passage?‎ A.To show pity for American kids.‎ B.To raise the government’s attention.‎ C.To prove the benefits of school uniform.‎ D.To inform readers of American kids’ uniforms.‎ 答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，在美国，大多数学校没有统一的校服，每天大约有 ‎16万名儿童因为害怕受到其他学生的攻击或恐吓而缺课。这可能与他们的穿着没有直接的联系，但是对于许多可能遭受欺凌的学生来说，校服是一种保护措施，而且也帮助维持了学校的秩序。据此可推知，作者在此提及美国儿童没有穿统一的校服旨在说明校服的好处，故C项正确。]‎ ‎6.What is the writer’s attitude towards school uniforms?‎ A.Disapproving. B.Confused.‎ C.Suspicious. D.Favorable.‎ 答案　D　[观点态度题。根据尾段中的“it gives me a sense of belonging...should be here to stay”可知，“我”的校服给了“我”一种归属感，消除了穿什么衣服的压力，阻止了那些欺负我的人；虽然校服并不时尚，但这正是“我”认为它应该留在这里的原因。据此可推知，作者对校服持赞同的态度，故D项正确。]‎ ‎7.Which is the advantage of wearing school uniforms for school kids?‎ A.It sharpens concentration on outdoor tasks.‎ B.It removes the teachers’ financial pressure.‎ C.It satisfies students’ dressing tastes and favorites.‎ D.It helps students maintain a sense of order at school.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“A uniform gives the impression that rules are strict，perhaps helping maintain a sense of order at school”可知，校服也会给人留下规章制度严格的印象，有助于维持学校的秩序，故D项正确。]‎ ‎8.What is the best title for the passage?‎ A.My Cool School Uniform B.The Point of School Uniform C.The Idea of Dressing Properly D.The Way of Guarding Kids’ Safety 答案　B　[标题判断题。通读全文可知，在学校里“我”选择穿校服，因为校服是学校的标志，学生统一穿校服能使教室成为严肃的场所，让学生更加专注于学习；此外，穿校服还能减少校园欺凌事件的发生。故B项最适合作本文的标题。]‎ C ‎(2019·深圳二次调研)Absent employees cost you money for sure，but what about sick employees that come to work? Move over absenteeism.It seems “presenteeism” has become a far worse workplace problem in terms of causing loss，that is，loss of ‎ employee productivity and loss of employer dollars.By the way，presenteeism could mean the practice of workers working when ill and not operating on their usual level of productivity.The total cost of inefficiency of US employers has been increasing，ranging from about $150 to $250 billion annually，while cost of presenteeism makes up 60 percent of the total cost.‎ Dual-earner (双职工) families now account for about 2/3 of all married couples，up from 1/3 in the 1970s.Without a stay-at-home parent taking care of a sick child，more workers will go to work when ill in order to save their limited sick days (付薪病休日) for when their children are sick.‎ In today’s workplaces，some workers go to work when sick also because they fear the following: appearing less hard-working，receiving disciplinary action (纪律处分)，or even losing their jobs.A day or more off can also mean coming back with more work loads or missing work deadlines.‎ According to the 2004 CCH Survey，disciplinary action remained the most commonly used absence control program.Employers want their employees to be on the job and use as few sick days as possible，but CCH says employers that rely on disciplinary action are unknowingly encouraging presenteeism.Employers need to check and make sure that absence control programs are not counterproductive (达不到预期目标的).Programs such as disciplinary action may in fact force sick employees to work，and this could encourage presenteeism.‎ Besides，set up and communicate policies.Help employees understand under what conditions they should stay home，and when it’s OK to return to work.Employees need to know where their company stands on coming to work in sick，and how doing so can affect others.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。Presenteeism是近年来出现的一个新名词，它有很多意思，其中一个是指员工在生病时还继续上班的行为。有研究表明，假性出勤对企业造成的损失比起旷工还要严重。‎ ‎9.What does the first paragraph mainly say about presenteeism?‎ A.The true meaning of it.‎ B.The huge loss caused by it.‎ C.Its difference from absenteeism.‎ D.Its connection with low productivity.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。综合分析第一段可知，本段着重介绍presenteeism (假性出勤) 这一现象对企业造成的严重损失。]‎ ‎10.Why do more working parents prefer to work when ill?‎ A.To have time to care for sick kids.‎ B.To enjoy more family time later.‎ C.To earn more money for the family.‎ D.To live up to employers’ expectations.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第二段的内容可知，随着双职工家庭的增加，家长无法有一方在家照顾生病的孩子，因此更多的人生病也要上班，为的是把付薪病休日留出来，以备孩子生病时有人照顾。]‎ ‎11.What is the author’s attitude to absence control programs?‎ A.Negative. B.Positive.‎ C.Cautious. D.Confused.‎ 答案　C　[观点态度题。分析倒数第二段可知，目前纪律处分是控制缺勤最常用的办法，但研究表明它也会鼓励presenteeism(假性出勤)的发生，雇主应该确保控制缺勤的计划不会有消极的影响。由此可知，作者对于这些计划持谨慎态度。]‎ ‎12.Which of the following suggestions will the author give employers?‎ A.Offer longer paid sick leave.‎ B.Turn away those breaking the rules.‎ C.Create a more relaxed atmosphere.‎ D.Teach employees the related principles.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。综合分析最后一段可知，作者建议雇主建立并推广公司的相关政策，帮助员工们理解什么情况下应该待在家里，什么时候可以回来工作。也就是使他们明白公司的相关原则。]‎ 阅读理解体裁专练 A In Singapore，art is more than what meets the eye.Galleries and museums here are not just places to be inspired，but also homes to distinctive souvenirs.Take home well-designed pieces that reflect your personality.‎ Singapore Tyler Print Institute (STPI)‎ ‎41 Robertson Quay，Singapore 238236.＋ 65 6336 3663.‎ Mon.-Fri.10 a.m.-7 p.m.；Sat.9 a.m.-6 p.m.‎ STPI is a space for experimentation of print and paper.Walk through the gallery and join other art lovers in developing an appreciation of print and paper art practice.STPI allows you to own a piece of the work produced by artists at the gallery workshops.‎ Red Dot Design Museum(RDDM)‎ ‎11 Marina Boulevard，Singapore 018940.＋ 65 6514 0111.‎ Mon.-Thur.10 a.m.-8 p.m.；‎ Fri.-Sun.10 a.m.-11 p.m.‎ From lighting to parasol (阳伞)，the Red Dot Design Museum presents award-winning products and design concepts from over 30 countries.Head to the Design Museum Shop，there are many interesting design objects and collections sourced from all over the world.‎ National Gallery Singapore(NGS)‎ ‎1 St.Andrew’s Rd，Singapore 178957.＋ 65 6271 7000.‎ Mon.-Thur.，Sat.-Sun.10 a.m.-7 p.m.；‎ Fri.10 a.m.-9 p.m.‎ NGS occupies two major landmarks—the former Supreme Court and City Hall—and features over 8，000 artworks，which is the largest public display of modern Southeast Asian art and culture.It is also a home to a host of international exhibitions that have inspired the world and will be remembered for years to come.‎ Singapore Philatelic Museum (SPM)‎ ‎23-B Coleman Street，Singapore 179807.＋ 65 6337 3888.‎ Daily 10 a.m.-7 p.m.‎ Fascinated by stamps? SPM features postage stamps dating all the way back from the 1830s.Enjoy this vibrant museum’s in-depth presentation of local and international ‎ postal history.Send Singapore-inspired postcards or collect miniature postboxes from Singapore and around the world.Charming souvenirs at the museum store will make creative decorations for your home or office.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了新加坡的四个画廊和博物馆，具体介绍了它们的地址、电话、开放时间、服务特色等。‎ ‎1.Which number is available if you have any question on Red Dot Design Museum?‎ A.＋65 6336 3663. B.＋65 6514 0111.‎ C.＋65 6271 7000. D.＋65 6337 3888.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据Red Dot Design Museum(RDDM)部分中的＋65 6514 0111可知选B项。]‎ ‎2.Which of the following is the address of National Gallery Singapore?‎ A.41 Robertson Quay，Singapore 238236.‎ B.11 Marina Boulevard，Singapore 018940.‎ C.1St.Andrew’s Rd，Singapore 178957.‎ D.23-B Coleman Street，Singapore 179807.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据National Gallery Singapore(NGS)部分中的“1 St.Andrew’s Rd，Singapore 178957”可知选C项。]‎ ‎3.Where can you go if you are fond of stamps?‎ A.Singapore Tyler Print Institute.‎ B.Red Dot Design Museum.‎ C.National Gallery Singapore.‎ D.Singapore Philatelic Museum.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据Singapore Philatelic Museum(SPM)部分中的“SPM features postage stamps dating all the way back from the 1830s”可推知，喜欢邮票的人可以去Singapore Philatelic Museum，故D项正确。]‎ ‎4.Where is this passage most likely to be found?‎ A.In a travel guide. B.In a report.‎ C.In a textbook. D.In a novel.‎ 答案　A　‎ ‎[推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了新加坡的四个画廊和博物馆，具体介绍了它们的地址、电话、开放时间以及服务特色等。据此可推知，本文最可能选自旅游指南，故A项正确。]‎ B ‎(2019·洛阳、许昌高三质量检测)‎ Shakespeare’s Globe Exhibition & Theatre Tour is a unique international resource to explore Shakespeare’s works.Open all year round，it gives you an opportunity to learn more about the most famous playwright (剧作家)，Shakespeare，and helps you seek to further the experience and international understanding of him.‎ Group Visits to the Exhibition & Theatre Tour ‎●Opening Hours Exhibiton：‎ Monday-Sunday：　　　9：00 a.m.- 5：00 p.m.‎ Theatre Tours：‎ November-February: 9：30 a.m.-4：30 p.m.‎ March-October：‎ Monday: 9：30 a.m.-5：00 p.m.‎ Tuesday-Saturday: 9：30 a.m.-12：30 p.m.‎ Sunday: 9：30 a.m.-11：30 a.m.‎ Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit，and each group will have its own guide for free.To make a reservation，please fill in a group request form and return it to us via email.‎ ‎●Exhibition and Theatre Tour Prices Adult: ￡15.00‎ Senior(60＋): ￡13.50‎ Student (with valid ID): ￡11.50‎ Child(5-15): ￡8.00‎ Complimentary: Every 16th person is free ‎●Getting here Shakespeare’s Globe，21 New Globe Walk，London SE1 9DT，UK We have currently improved security，with all bags being checked.Please arrive in good time，and do not bring any large bags and check the calendar before your visit or call ＋44(0)20 7902 1500 to find out about our latest opening times.‎ Visitors are advised to arrive by public transport or by taxi.There is a car park on Thames Exchange on the north side of Southwark Bridge (open 24 hours，seven days a week).Cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge.It may also be possible to pick one up from outside the entrance hall on New Globe Walk.‎ ‎●Where to eat Swan at Shakespeare’s Globe serves modern British seasonal food for dinner，afternoon tea or drinks，which is a beautiful bar and restaurant set over two floors，available for pre-and post-theatre dining.‎ Swan Restaurant Monday-Friday：12 noon-2：30 p.m.& 6：00 p.m.-10：30 p.m.‎ Saturday: 12 noon-3：30 p.m.& 6：00 p.m.‎ Sunday: 12 noon-9：00 p.m.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文主要是以莎士比亚作品全球展览和戏剧之旅为主题，重点介绍了展览和戏剧之旅开放的时间、门票价格、注意事项等方面的内容。‎ ‎5.When can you pay a visit to the exhibition?‎ A.Friday at 2：00 p.m.‎ B.Monday at 8：00 a.m.‎ C.Saturday at 5：30 p.m.‎ D.Sunday at 7：00 p.m.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据Opening Hours部分中列举的展览开放时间可知，展览开放的时间是周一至周日早上9点到下午5点，故选A。]‎ ‎6.If a group of 20 children visit the Exhibition & Theatre Tour，what is required for them to do?‎ A.They need to hire a guide themselves.‎ B.They must be accompanied by an adult.‎ C.They have to pay ￡160 for tickets in total.‎ D.They need to make a reservation in advance.‎ 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据Opening Hours部分中的“Groups of 15 people or more are required to pre-book their visit，and each group will have its own guide for free”可知，超过15人的团队需要提前预订，每个团队能免费拥有一个导游，故选D。]‎ ‎7.Which of the following applies to visitors?‎ A.They’re able to get a taxi near Southwark Bridge.‎ B.They can park on the south side of Southwark Bridge.‎ C.They are required to deposit their bags before entering.‎ D.It’s more convenient to drive there than taking public transport.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据Getting here部分第三段中的“Cabs may be found all year round on Southwark Bridge”可知，在Southwark桥上，全年你都能找到出租车，故选A。]‎ ‎8.What can we know about Swan Restaurant?‎ A.Afternoon tea is not served on Sunday.‎ B.It serves traditional seasonal food for dinner.‎ C.It is closed from 3 p.m.to 5 p.m.on workdays.‎ D.It serves three meals，drinks and afternoon tea.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据Where to eat部分中的Swan Restaurant下面的内容可知，在工作日期间，下午3点到5点之间该餐厅是关闭的，故选C。]‎ C ‎(2019·南昌一模)Here we introduce some rental houses to you.‎ Apartment Levant in Komiža Overlooking one of the most beautiful fishing villages in Croatia，our two-storey house also gives you a full view of Komiža bay as well as the neighbouring island of Biševo.The apartment has a wide，covered balcony and a small garden with lemon trees.It is only 10 minutes’ walk from the centre of the village，although it is on the edge of the village，with forests behind the house.‎ Apartment Domina Located in the centre of the city，the apartment is protected as a historical site.All other ‎ facilities are at your fingertips such as restaurants，shops and museums.The apartment is fully equipped and air-conditioned，having a kitchen with a dishwasher，a satellite TV and the free Web access.It contains a bedroom with a double bed and antique furniture.Besides，the apartment offers pet-friendly accommodation.‎ Apartment Tonka The apartment is located in an old stone house in the centre of Komiža.It offers two bedrooms，each with a separate bathroom，and a living room with a furnished kitchen.The house is only a couple of minutes away from the old harbour，along the old town’s street where you can enjoy Kormiža’s rich cultural history.The bus stop is less than 200 metres away，near the fruit and vegetable market.‎ Pearl of Issa This two-bedroom apartment is only a few minutes’ walk from beautiful beaches，shops，restaurants，cafs and bars.It consists of two bedrooms，a fully equipped modern kitchen，a dining room and a resting area with a sofa，which can be used as an extra sleeping place for one person，a bathroom and a balcony with comfortable garden furniture and barbecue equipment.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个不错的出租公寓的相关情况。‎ ‎9.What can we learn about Apartment Levant in Komiža?‎ A.It is the most beautiful fishing village in Croatia.‎ B.It offers a chance to admire the whole Komiža bay.‎ C.It’s inconvenient to go to the centre of the village.‎ D.It lies in the centre of the village with forests around.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据Apartment Levant in Komiža部分中的“gives you a full view of Komiža bay as well as the neighbouring island of Biševo”可知，这个公寓可以让租客有机会欣赏到整个Komiža湾(的景色)，故B项正确。]‎ ‎10.Which of the following does Apartment Domina provide?‎ A.Portable washing machines.‎ B.Modern furniture.‎ C.Free Internet use.‎ D.Friendly pets.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据Apartment Domina部分第三句中的“a satellite TV and the free Web access”可知，这个公寓提供免费的网络使用权，故C项正确。]‎ ‎11.Which of the following apartments contain two bedrooms?‎ A.Apartment Levant in Komiža and Apartment Domina.‎ B.Apartment Domina and Apartment Tonka.‎ C.Apartment Domina and Pearl of Issa.‎ D.Apartment Tonka and Pearl of Issa.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据Apartment Tonka部分第二句中的“It offers two bedrooms”和Pearl of Issa部分第一句中的“This two-bedroom apartment”可知，这两个公寓都提供两个卧室。]‎ A ‎(2019·河北省九校联考)On a recent afternoon，some 60 years after they graduated from grammar school，Kathleen Rys，72，and her sister Lorraine O’Kelly，70，sat down and had a meal with a classmate，Bruce Smit，71 for the first time.‎ In the 1950s，Lorraine and Kathleen Rys’ family moved from Chicago to Monee.As new kids at Monee Elementary School，they soon found themselves on the outs with other students.‎ ‎“I would be with the other guys and see Kathleen walking down the hallway，her head down，holding her books，walking slowly.And all of us guys would lean against the wall until she passed.Then we’d burst into laughter.How rude is that? It’s just crazy，” said Bruce，a doctor whose wife，Tammy，organized the meeting.‎ The women said none of the teachers cared about it.“We just kept it to ourselves，” Lorraine said.‎ Over the years，Tammy Smit said，“Bruce would just start to cry at times.He’d wonder what happened to the sisters，if they led a good life.” One day a few weeks ‎ ago，Tammy took to the Internet and found Mary O’Kelly，Lorraine’s daughter，and offered to set up a meeting.The idea of revisiting the pain was not well-received by Kathleen，who had never married，let alone gone on a date.It took some convincing，but Lorraine finally got Kathleen to agree to meet with Bruce.‎ Bruce broke into tears.“I’m so ashamed，so embarrassed，”he said.“But I’m so happy that you’re still here and that I can finally apologize.” He said he hoped his apology would encourage others to seek forgiveness for the pain they had made on others.Lorraine said，“This is a beautiful thing.It’s just wonderful that a person can ask for forgiveness after about 60 years.It’s like a miracle to us.It’s healing to us.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。大约六十年前，Kathleen Rys和她的妹妹Lorraine O’Kelly转学到一所新学校，不料遭到了同班同学的嘲笑。多年以后，班里的男生Bruce Smit感到非常后悔，其妻子在网上找到这对姐妹的信息后，为他们安排了一次会面，Bruce Smit向她们道了歉，这对姐妹也原谅了他……‎ ‎1.What can we learn from the first three paragraphs?‎ A.Kathleen made her classmates afraid of her at school.‎ B.Kathleen was once hurt by her classmates at school.‎ C.Bruce Smit asked his wife to organize the meeting.‎ D.Bruce Smit spoke ill of Kathleen.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“And all of us guys...How rude is that？”可知，Bruce和其他男生都紧靠着墙，直到Kathleen走过去，然后他们突然大笑起来，这是非常无礼的；并结合前两段内容可推知，Kathleen曾经受到同班同学的伤害，故B项正确。]‎ ‎2.What does the underlined word “it” in the 4th paragraph probably refer to?‎ A.The guys’ meeting. B.Kathleen’s slow pace.‎ C.The guys’ apology. D.Kathleen’s suffering.‎ 答案　D　[代词指代题。根据第三段中的“And all of us guys...How rude is that？”可知，Bruce和其他男生都紧靠着墙，直到Kathleen走过去，然后他们突然大笑起来，这是非常无礼的；并结合第四段中的“The women said none of the teachers cared about it”和“We just kept it to ourselves”‎ 可知，没有任何老师对此表示关心，她们也不对别人说；据此可推知，it指代Kathleen因受到同班同学的嘲笑而遭受的精神上的痛苦，故D项正确。]‎ ‎3.How did Kathleen first feel about the meeting?‎ A.Angry. B.Excited. ‎ C.Anxious. D.Unwilling.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第五段倒数第二句“The idea of...on a date”可知，Kathleen不想接受重新体验痛苦的建议，她从未结过婚，更不用说去约会了；据此可推知，对于三人的会面，Kathleen一开始是不愿意接受的，故D项正确。]‎ ‎4.What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A.Bruce was embarrassed about his apology.‎ B.The other guys apologized to the two sisters.‎ C.Bruce and the two sisters felt a sense of relief.‎ D.Lorraine thought the apology came a little late.‎ 答案　C　[推理判断题。根据尾段中Bruce所说的话“But I’m so happy that you’re still here and that I can finally apologize”可知，Bruce对能有机会向她们道歉感到很高兴；根据尾段中Lorraine所说的话可知，Lorraine认为大约60年前嘲笑过她们的人能请求原谅是一件美好的事情；据此可推知，这次会面让三人都感到宽慰，故C项正确。]‎ B ‎(2019·海南省五校一模)‎ Roberto Clemente is the greatest baseball player of all time.He had an unbelievable batting average(击球率) in all seasons he played.Having won four batting titles，Gold Glove Awards twelve times，and a Most Valuable Player Award，he is certainly the best that ever played.‎ Besides being the best baseball player，Roberto Clemente was also a great man and a hero.In 1972，there was an earthquake in Nicaragua.On December 31 of that year，Clemente flew to Nicaragua to take supplies to the people.Almost immediately after ‎ takeoff，the plane crashed into the Caribbean Sea.‎ The best honors for Clemente came after he died.He was the first Latino voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.In 1999，the city of Pittsburgh，where he played baseball，renamed a bridge after him—a bridge that leads to the city’s beautiful new stadium.‎ No one summed up the life of Roberto Clemente and the baseball commissioner (总干事) when，at Clemente’s Hall of Fame award ceremony，he said，“He was so great a man，as a leader and humanitarian，so great an inspiration to the young and to all in baseball，especially to the proud people of his homeland，Puerto Rico.” The commissioner further honored Clemente by creating a sportsmanship award in his name.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了棒球明星罗伯托·克莱门特的人生经历。‎ ‎5.What can be concluded from Roberto Clemente’s trip to Nicaragua?‎ A.He got injured in an air crash.‎ B.He cared about people and the world.‎ C.He donated a huge sum of money to Nicaragua.‎ D.He earned his fame for his bravery and generosity.‎ 答案　B　[推理判断题。根据第二段第二、三句“In 1972...to the people”可知，在1972年尼加拉瓜发生地震后，克莱门特飞往尼加拉瓜，向那里的人民运送物资。据此可推知，克莱门特是一位关心人民和世界的人，故B项正确。]‎ ‎6.What do we know about Roberto Clemente from the passage?‎ A.He died in Puerto Rico.‎ B.There was a bridge built for him.‎ C.He played baseball in Pittsburgh.‎ D.His statue was in the Baseball Hall of Fame.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第三段尾句中的“In 1999，the city of Pittsburgh，where he played baseball”可知，他曾在匹兹堡市打过棒球，故C项正确。]‎ ‎7.What happened at Clemente’s Hall of Fame award ceremony?‎ A.A sportsmanship award was set up in Clemente’s name.‎ B.Clemente was voted into the Soccer Hall of Fame.‎ C.Clemente gained an honor from the people of his homeland.‎ D.The commissioner praised Clemente’s unbelievable batting skills.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据最后一段尾句“The commissioner further honored Clemente by creating a sportsmanship award in his name”可知，为表彰克莱门特，总干事还以克莱门特的名义设立了体育精神奖，故A项正确。]‎ ‎8.Where is the passage most probably taken from?‎ A.A science journal. B.A sports magazine.‎ C.A radio program. D.A news report.‎ 答案　B　[文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了棒球明星罗伯托·克莱门特的人生经历。据此可推知，本文最可能选自体育杂志，故B项正确。]‎ C ‎(2019·贵阳高三适应性考试)‎ Devon Gallagher，a college graduate from Philadelphia，wants the world to know exactly where she’s been during her worldwide vacation in a special way.‎ The traveler，who was born with a bone disease，had her right leg amputated (截肢) at the age of four.Although the amputation caused setbacks for Gallagher early on，she now sees it as nothing short of inspiration for living her best life.‎ To spread that message，Gallagher has taken to social media，where she shares photos of her travels across the globe，but instead of simply using a geo-tag，she writes her location across her artificial leg before taking a picture.‎ Now she has been taking pictures across the Continent，which show her cycling over the canal in Amsterdam relaxing on a wall overlooking the city of Barcelona，posing with a waffle in Brussels，taking spectacular pictures in Athens and enjoying a river cruise in Budapest，all with the well-known locations written on her artificial leg.‎ ‎“I get a new leg every two years and I can choose the design on it.One day I had a sudden thought to get a chalkboard，” Gallagher said.“My mum and grandmother weren’t too keen on the idea，but my friends thought it was great and told me to go for it，so I did.”‎ Gallagher said people often stare when she’s writing on her leg，but once she shares the photos，she receives only positive feedback.“My leg hasn’t stopped me from doing ‎ anything I’ve wanted to do，” she said.“I don’t know if it’s my determination to prove to myself that I can do it，but regardless，I’ve been able to keep up with my peers and lead a pretty great life.”‎ Gallagher shows us that you should never let anything stand in the way of your dreams.And if life gives you an artificial leg，make art.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。Devon Gallagher在四岁时因患骨科疾病右腿被截肢，但是这并没有影响她对梦想的追求。她到世界各地旅行，并将自己的旅行情况写在假肢上并拍照片发到社交媒体。她的故事告诉人们：不要让任何东西阻碍你追求梦想。‎ ‎9.What message did Gallagher want to spread in her special way?‎ A.She enjoys her traveling across the globe.‎ B.She suffers little from her leg amputation.‎ C.She looks on her misfortune as another form of blessing.‎ D.She has exactly fallen in love with posting photos online.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Although the amputation...living her best life”可知，虽然截肢在早期给Gallagher带来了挫折，但她现在认为这是对她过最好的生活的激励；并结合第三段可知，她想要传达的信息是她要将自己的不幸看作是另一种形式的幸运，故C项正确。]‎ ‎10.What does the word “which” underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to?‎ A.The Continent. B.The pictures.‎ C.The leg. D.The locations.‎ 答案　B　[代词指代题。根据第四段第一句中的“Now she has been...in Amsterdam”可知，现在，她正在欧洲大陆各地拍摄照片，照片中她骑着自行车穿过阿姆斯特丹的运河。分析该句结构可知，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为pictures，which指代先行词，在从句中作主语，故B项正确。]‎ ‎11.Gallagher can best be described as .‎ A.helpful and ambitious B.friendly and generous C.determined and creative D.independent and sensible 答案　C　[推理判断题。通读全文可知，Devon Gallagher在四岁时因患骨科疾病右腿被截肢，但是这并没有影响她对梦想的追求；她到世界各地旅行，并将自己的旅行情况写在假肢上并拍照片发到社交媒体。据此可推知，Devon Gallagher有毅力而且有创造力，故C项正确。]‎ ‎12.Which of the following might be the best title for the text?‎ A.Never Too Late to Share B.A Special Artificial Leg C.An Outstanding Photographer D.Gallagher’s Summer Holidays 答案　B　[标题判断题。根据文章尾句“And if life gives you an artificial leg，make art”并结合全文其他内容可知，文章主要讲述了Devon Gallagher虽然被截肢，但是这并没有影响她对梦想的追求，她到世界各地旅行，并将自己的旅行情况写在假肢上并拍照片发到社交媒体。故B项最适合作文章标题。]‎ A ‎(2019·兰州高三实战模拟)If maths is the language of the universe，bees may have just uttered their first words.New research suggests these busybodies of the insect world are capable of addition and subtraction (减法)—using colors in place of plus and minus symbols.‎ In the animal kingdom，the ability to count—or at least distinguish between different quantities—isn’t unusual: It has been seen in frogs，spiders，and even fish.But solving equations (方程式) using symbols is rare，so far only achieved by famously brainy animals such as chimpanzees and African grey parrots.‎ Building on previous research that says the social insects can count to four and understand the concept of zero，researchers wanted to test the limits of what their tiny brains can do.‎ Scientists trained 14 bees to link the colors blue and yellow to addition and subtraction respectively.They placed the bees at the entrance of a Y-shaped maze(迷宫)，where they were shown several shapes in either yellow or blue.If the shapes were blue，bees ‎ got a reward if they went to the end of the maze with one more blue shape(the other end had one less blue shape); if the shapes were yellow，they got a reward if they went to the end of the maze with one less yellow shape.‎ The testing worked in the same way：Bees that “subtracted” one shape when they saw yellow，or “added” one shape when they saw blue were considered to have aced the test.The bees got the right answer 63% to 72% of the time，depending on the type of the equation and the direction of the right answer—much better than random guesses would allow—the researchers report today in Science Advances.‎ Though the results came from just 14 bees，researchers say the advance is exciting.If a brain about 20，000 times smaller than ours can perform maths using symbols，it could pave the way to novel approaches in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning.Just don’t ask the bees to do your homework anytime soon.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。新的研究表明，蜜蜂有使用代替加号和减号符号的颜色进行加减法的能力，这将为人工智能和机器学习的新方法铺平道路。‎ ‎1.Why did the scientists conduct the research on bees?‎ A.To teach them maths.‎ B.To test the power of tiny brains.‎ C.To explain the meaning of colors.‎ D.To get access to machine learning.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，研究人员对蜜蜂实施这项研究旨在测验它们极小的大脑所能做的事情的极限，故B项正确。]‎ ‎2.What does the underlined word “aced” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?‎ A.Given up. B.Entered for.‎ C.Got through. D.Checked over.‎ 答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据第五段第一句中的“Bees that ‘subtracted’ one shape...to have aced the test”和语境可知，那些看到黄色时“减去”一个形状，或者看到蓝色时“增加”一个形状的蜜蜂被认为在测试中做得很好。故画线词的含义与C项“通过”相近，故C项正确。]‎ ‎3.What might the research make contributions to?‎ A.Language acquisition.‎ B.Arithmetic learning.‎ C.Protection of animals.‎ D.Development of AI.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据尾段第二句“If a brain about 20，000 times smaller...and machine learning”可知，如果一个比我们的大脑小2万倍的大脑能够使用符号进行数学运算，那么这将为人工智能和机器学习的新方法铺平道路，据此可推知，这项研究将对人工智能的发展做出贡献，故D项正确。]‎ ‎4.What can be the best title for the text?‎ A.Bees “Like” Counting B.Bees “Tell” Colors Apart C.Bees “Perform” Maths Using Shapes D.Bees “Get” Addition and Subtraction 答案　D　[标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第二句“New research suggests these busybodies of...plus and minus symbols”可知，本文主要介绍了蜜蜂具有进行加减法运算的能力，故D项最适合作本文标题。]‎ B ‎(2019·长沙一模)Finding a mountain goat resting on a cliff (悬崖) might thrill many of the millions of tourists who visit Wyoming’s Grand Teton National Park every year，but park officials say it might be time for the bearded animals to go.‎ The problem，according to the park，is that Grand Teton’s 100 or so mountain goats threaten about 80 bighorn sheep.The bighorn sheep numbered as many as 125 just a few years ago.The strong goats spread disease and compete with bighorn sheep for food.Unlike small-sized bighorn sheep，Grand Teton’s mountain goats aren’t native to the park.They were introduced to the park in the 1960s.‎ Grand Teton spokeswoman Denise Germann said，“We’ve got a management responsibility to protect the native species.After hearing from the public on the ‎ proposal (提议) in January，park officials expect to decide as soon as mid-February on what to do about the mountain goats.”‎ The goats are reproducing rapidly.Now might be the best time to reduce the animals before they’re too many to bring under control，according to the Park Service.‎ One wildlife biologist who studies bighorn sheep praised the proposal.“Mountain goats’ original habitat is nowhere close to where they’ve been introduced in the U.S. to provide hunting opportunities，” said Rob Roy Ramey Ⅱ，with Nederland，Colorado-based Wildlife Science International，Inc.‎ ‎“Wildlife managers should get rid of mountain goats not only in Grand Teton but elsewhere to help struggling bighorn sheep.Unfortunately，state wildlife agencies sell non-native wildlife viewing opportunities to the public，” Ramey said.“This is not a zoo in the wilderness.It should really be for native wildlife.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。大蒂顿国家公园引进的石山羊品种威胁了当地大角羊的生存。‎ ‎5.What can be learnt about the bighorn sheep in the park?‎ A.Their size is huge.‎ B.Their number is decreasing.‎ C.They arrived in the 1960s.‎ D.They threaten local species.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据第二段中的“mountain goats threaten about 80 bighorn sheep”“The bighorn sheep numbered as many as 125 just a few years ago”可知，现在大角羊有80只，几年前多达125只，由此可知，公园里大角羊的数量在减少。]‎ ‎6.How did the public help park officials protect the bighorn sheep?‎ A.By providing suggestions.‎ B.By driving away mountain goats.‎ C.By volunteering in the park.‎ D.By taking over Grand Teton National Park.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After hearing from the public on the proposal(提议) in January”可知，公众对此事提出了建议。]‎ ‎7.What is Germann’s attitude towards the bighorn sheep?‎ A.Curious. B.Proud.‎ C.Surprised. D.Concerned.‎ 答案　D　[观点态度题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“We’ve got a management responsibility to protect the native species”可推知，Germann对大角羊是关心的。]‎ ‎8.What was the purpose of bringing in mountain goats in the beginning?‎ A.To offer hunting chances.‎ B.To sell non-native wildlife.‎ C.To satisfy wildlife managers.‎ D.To increase diversities of sheep.‎ 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第五段第二句中的“Mountain goats’ original habitat...to provide hunting opportunities”可知，引进石山羊的最初目的是提供狩猎机会。]‎ C ‎(2019·洛阳高三统考)Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space and the universe back to third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon—a total lunar eclipse(月食)—on the roof of their house.‎ Now a seventh grader at East Prairie Elementary School，Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for travelling to Mars.‎ She says that night watching the lunar eclipse started a strong desire in her that has yet to run out of fuel.So when her teacher Andrea Smeeton received information about the national challenge，Smeeton said she immediately had one student in mind.‎ ‎“I knew she would love the challenge and that she would go way beyond in her search，” Smeeton said.“She immediately started researching bone density(密度) of astronauts and how to have food on Mars.”‎ ‎“My design will ensure the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world，” Dobek says.‎ Dobek’s design calls for building the MSS or Mars Storage Station to put the supplies in.It also includes the SGF or Self-Growing Farm，and she details how it would work with the elements on Mars.‎ Then there is physical and leisure activity for the astronauts under Dobek’s design.A simulator (模拟装置) allows astronauts to choose their exercise machine and virtual reality environment.Rooms have circular ceilings so astronauts will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth，such as their homes.‎ ‎“I want to tell other kids to follow their passions，” Dobek said.“Whatever they want to do，they should push for it and always try their best.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　该文主要介绍了小学生Emilia Dobek设计太空站，并赢得挑战的相关内容。‎ ‎9.Dobek first became interested in space when .‎ A.she was still a seventh grader B.she studied at a junior high school C.she lived on the top of their house D.she watched an eclipse of the moon 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据第一段“Emilia Dobek traces her interest in space...on the roof of their house”可知，Dobek对太空感兴趣是从她在三年级时的一个晚上观看一次月食开始的。]‎ ‎10.Smeeton recommended that Dobek take the challenge because .‎ A.she knew Dobek liked challenges in life B.she had no other students interested in Mars C.Dobek knew how to research bone density of astronauts D.she was sure that Dobek would have outstanding performance 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据第四段Smeeton的话可推知，她对Dobek很了解，对其可以接受这项挑战并出色完成充满信心。]‎ ‎11.What does Dobek focus on when designing the space station?‎ A.The environment on Mars.‎ B.The safety of the supplies.‎ C.The activities for astronauts.‎ D.The comfort of the astronauts.‎ 答案　D　[推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“make sure their comfort is out of this ‎ world”并结合对倒数第二段的整体理解可推知，Dobek的设计包含身体和休闲活动，让宇航员在太空中也感到舒适。]‎ A ‎(2019·湖北省部分重点中学二模)In Mark Turin’s article “Protecting Our Public Spaces” in issue 14，he claims that “all graffiti (涂鸦) is vandalism(故意破坏财物的行为)，pure and simple，and offers no benefit to our public spaces”.I would like to point out that many people believe that graffiti is an art form that can benefit our public spaces just as much as sculptures，fountains，or other more accepted art forms.‎ People who object to graffiti usually do so more because of where it is，not what it is.They argue that posting graffiti in public places is considered an illegal act of property damage.But the location of such graffiti should not prevent the images themselves from being considered real art.‎ I would argue that graffiti is the most important public art form.Spray paint is a medium unlike any other.Through graffiti，the entire world has become a canvas(画布).These works of art dotting the urban landscape are available，free of charge，to everyone who passes by.‎ To be clear，I do not consider random words or names sprayed on stop signs to be art.Plenty of graffiti is just vandalism，pure and simple.However，there is also graffiti that is breathtaking in its complex detail，its realism，or its creativity.It takes great talent to create such involved designs with spray paint.Are these creators not artists just because they use a can of spray paint instead of a paintbrush?‎ To declare that all graffiti is vandalism，and nothing more，is an overly simplistic statement.Furthermore，graffiti is not going anywhere，so we might as well find a way to live with it and enjoy its benefits.One option could be to make a percentage of public spaces open to graffiti artists.By doing this，the public might feel like part ‎ owners of these works of art，rather than just the victims of a crime.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。文章通过论述涂鸦与公共空间的关系，进而探讨涂鸦是否为艺术。作者认为判断其是否为艺术应该根据涂鸦的质量而非存在的地方。‎ ‎1.Mark Turin apparently believes that graffiti .‎ A.is not an art form B.is too simple to be considered art C.can only sometimes be considered a work of art D.should be restricted to places where it is allowed 答案　A　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“In Mark Turin’s article...to our public spaces’”可知，Mark Turin显然认为涂鸦不是一种艺术形式。]‎ ‎2.The author argues that graffiti .‎ A.is the only art form that is free B.is best viewed on public walls rather than canvases C.provides more public benefits than sculptures do D.should be judged on artistic qualities rather than places 答案　D　[细节理解题。根据对全文的整体理解，尤其是第二段最后一句“But the location of such graffiti...being considered real art”可知，作者认为评价涂鸦应该根据其艺术品质而不是其所在地点。]‎ ‎3.The author concludes his passage by .‎ A.restating his position B.questioning the magazine C.offering an answer to the matter D.identifying the benefits of graffiti 答案　C　[推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容尤其是“One option could be to make a percentage of public spaces open to graffiti artists”可推知，作者是通过提供一个解决办法来结束文章的。]‎ B Rich as a King William Ⅰ，who conquered England some 950 years ago，had wealth，power and an army.Yet although William was very rich by the standard of his time，he had nothing like a flush toilet (抽水马桶)，paper towels，or a riding lawn mower(割草机).How did he get by?‎ History books are filled with wealthy people who were poor compared to me.I have storm windows，Croesus did not.Entire nations trembled before Alexander the Great，but he couldn’t buy cat food.Czar Nicholas lacked an electric saw.‎ Given how much better off I am than so many famous dead people，you’d think I’d be content.The trouble is that，like most people，I compare my wealth with that of living persons：neighbors，school classmates，famous TV people.The greed I feel toward my friend Howard’s new kitchen is not reduced by the fact that no kings ever had a refrigerator with glass doors.‎ There is really no rising or falling standard of living.Over the centuries people simply find different things to feel sad about.You’d think that simply not having disease would put us in a good mood，but no，we want a hot bath too.‎ Of course，one way to achieve happiness would be to realize that even by today’s standards the things I own are pretty nice.My house is smaller than the houses of many investment bankers，but even so it has a lot more rooms than my wife and I can keep clean.‎ Besides，to people looking back at our era from a century or two in the future，these bankers’ fancy counter tops and my own worn Formica will seem equally shabby.I can’t keep up with my neighbors right now.But just wait.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　该文主要通过同富有的古人对比启迪读者：生活没有必要攀比，要知足常乐。‎ ‎4.What does the underlined phrase “get by” in the first paragraph mean?‎ A.Succeed as a king.‎ B.Deal with complaints.‎ C.Live in a satisfactory way.‎ D.Get some extra money.‎ 答案　C　[词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句“Given how much better off...I’d be content”，并结合对第一段第二句的理解可推知，没有现代这些便利的生活设备，富有的威廉一世如何才能生活得称心如意呢？由此可推知，画线短语表示“以一种令人满意的方式生活”，故选C。]‎ ‎5.How many historical figures are mentioned to compare lives in the past and present?‎ A.3. B.4. ‎ C.5. D.6.‎ 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据对第一段和第二段的理解可知，古今生活对比中作者列举了四个历史人物，他们分别是：William I，Croesus，Alexander the Great和Czar Nicholas。]‎ ‎6.According to the passage，the author intends to .‎ A.tell us to be content with life B.warn us to live in a simple way C.teach us to learn lessons from life D.encourage us to struggle for wealth 答案　A　[写作意图题。根据文章的标题Rich as a King，并结合对全文的整体理解可推知，作者通过古今生活对比，告诉我们要知足常乐。]‎ ‎7.What’s the author’s attitude towards life?‎ A.Doubtful. B.Optimistic.‎ C.Uncaring. D.Cautious.‎ 答案　B　[观点态度题。根据最后两段，尤其是最后一段最后两句“I can’t keep up with my neighbors right now.But just wait”可推知，作者对生活持乐观的态度。]‎ C ‎(2019·安徽省百所重点中学一模)‎ Historians and archaeologists have defined periods of human history for centuries by the technologies or materials that made the greatest impact on society.This includes the Stone Age，the Bronze Age，and the Iron Age.But what age are we in now? That question can be answered with one word for some researchers.Plastics.‎ ‎“Plastic has redefined our material culture and the artifacts we leave behind.It will be ‎ found in stratified (分层的) layers in our trash deposits(沉积层).” That’s according to John Marston，an archaeologist.‎ The wide variety of synthetic polymers(合成聚合物) would not exist if it weren’t for human action.About six billion tons of plastics have been made and spread around the planet.They have been spread from forests to oceans ever since the first plastic polymers were invented.‎ Plastics are one of the most significant changes that humans have made to the Earth’s makeup.Most plastics don’t easily degrade.This only adds to the problem.Recycling isn’t an adequate solution.Not all types of plastic are easily recyclable.And there are only a few recycling plants that can process all varieties of plastic.‎ According to Debra Winter，writer for The Atlantic，this means that many of the materials thrown into recycling bins can cross the planet several times before they are processed.They are made into rugs，sweaters，or they are used to make other bottles.Millions of tons of plastics are recycled every year，but millions more end up in landfills or the ocean.The problem has reached the point where it’s possible that in just a few decades there might be more plastic in the world’s oceans than fishes.‎ ‎“Plastics have a supposed lifespan of over 500 years，so it’s safe to say that every plastic bottle you have used exists somewhere on this planet，in some form or another，” Winter writes.‎ The damage may already be done.It may be too late for human populations worldwide to change their plastic using ways.So the Plastic Age might soon take its place next to the Bronze Age and the Iron Age in the history of human civilization.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　在我们所处的时代，塑料给我们的生活带来了很大便利，但是也给环境造成了巨大损害。‎ ‎8.Why do people call our age the Plastic Age?‎ A.Because plastics are not naturally made.‎ B.Because humans create plastics.‎ C.Because plastics influence the world greatly.‎ D.Because historians and archaeologists think so.‎ 答案　C　[推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可知，历史学家和考古学家是使用对社会造成最大影响的技术或材料来界定人类历史时期的，由此可推知，我们称现在这个时代为塑料时代的原因是塑料极大地影响了世界，故C项正确。]‎ ‎9.According to the passage，how are most plastics dealt with currently?‎ A.They are recycled.‎ B.They are degraded.‎ C.They are thrown away.‎ D.They are made into bottles.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Millions of tons of plastics are recycled every year，but millions more end up in landfills or the ocean”可知，可回收的塑料垃圾较少，更多的塑料垃圾最终被扔到垃圾场或海洋中了，故C项正确。]‎ ‎10.What is the author’s attitude to the Plastic Age?‎ A.Negative. B.Ambiguous.‎ C.Favorable. D.Unconcerned.‎ 答案　A　[观点态度题。根据全文内容可知，作者在文章中描述了塑料垃圾对社会的巨大的负面影响，尤其在最后一段中作者提到，塑料垃圾对社会可能已经造成了损害，人们改变使用塑料的方式可能太晚了。由此可推知，作者对塑料时代持消极态度。故A项正确。]‎ ‎11.What is the main idea of this passage?‎ A.Plastics have ruined our environment.‎ B.We must stop using plastics altogether.‎ C.Human beings are in the Plastic Age.‎ D.Plastics are significant to human development.‎ 答案　C　[主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述的是我们人类现在处于塑料时代并解释了我们这个时代被称为塑料时代的原因，由此可推知，C项最符合文意。]‎