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2021届高三英语外研版一轮总复习教师用书:必修2 Module 2 No Drugs
www.ks5u.com Module 2 No Drugs (主题语境——人与自我之健康的生活方式:戒烟及禁毒) 一、与“毒品”相关词汇 1.marijuana大麻 2.opium鸦片 3.ecstasy摇头丸 4.heroin海洛因 5.cocaine可卡因 6.poppy罂粟 7.threat n.威胁→threaten v.威胁→threatening adj.(行为)有威胁性的,危险的 8.abuse v.& n.滥用 9.deadly adj.致命的 10.dizzy adj.头晕目眩的 11.narc 缉毒警察 12.withdrawal n.戒毒(或脱瘾)过程 二、与“吸烟”相关词汇 1.cigar n.雪茄 2.smokefree adj.无烟的,禁止吸烟的 3.nonsmoker 非吸烟者 4.World NoTobacco Day 世界无烟日 5.passive smoking 被动吸烟 6.smoking/nicotine addiction 烟瘾 7.secondhand smoking 二手烟 8.chain smoker 连续吸烟的人,老烟鬼 9.nosmoking area 无烟区 10.smokefree environment 无烟环境 11.a complete indoor public smoking ban 室内公共场所全面禁烟 12.heavy smoker 重烟民 1.quit smoking 戒烟 2.take measures 采取措施 3.do good to 对……有好处 4.deal with 处理 5.be infected with 传染上 6.get into trouble 陷入困境,惹上麻烦 7.get rid/out of 去除,摆脱 8.attach importance to 重视 9.operate on sb. 给某人动手术 10.cause damage to 对……造成危害 11.appeal to 呼吁 12.bring...under control使……得以控制 13.be responsible for 为……承担责任 14.be aware of 意识到 1.There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful. 人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。 2.In modern society, drugs are becoming a more and more serious problem in the world. 在现代社会,毒品正成为一个越来越严重的问题。 3.As we all know, drugs do great harm to our health, not only causing people to die at an early age but also directly contributing to the happening of crimes. 众所周知,毒品对我们的健康危害极大,不仅使人早死,而且直接导致犯罪的发生。 4.In order to protect us students from drugs, we should be careful to make friends and stay away from those who always behave badly. 为了保护我们学生不受毒品的侵害,我们交朋友应该注意,远离那些行为不端的人。 单词巧练 写准并记牢 Ⅰ.识记单词 (一)会其形 1.drug n. 毒品;药品 2.cancer n. 癌症 3.nearby adj. 附近的 4.likely adj. 可能的 5.adult n. 成人 6.ban vt. 禁止 7.affect vt. 影响;对……有坏影响 (二)知其意 1.bronchitis n. 支气管炎 2.cigarette n. 香烟 3.tobacco n. 烟草;烟丝 4.cannabis n. 大麻 5.cocaine n. 可卡因 6.needle n. (注射用的)针;针管 7.burglary n. 盗窃;窃案;盗窃罪 8.shoplifting n. 逛商店时偷窃商品的行为 9.café n. 咖啡馆;餐馆 10.leaflet n. 传单;印刷品 11.jogging n. 慢跑 12.gymnastic adj. 体操的 13.ratio n. 比;比率 14.distraction n. 分心;分散注意力 15.horrible adj. 令人不快的;极讨厌的 Ⅱ.拓展单词 1.addictive adj.(药物等)上瘾的→addict n.对(药物等)上瘾的人;瘾君子vt.使入迷;使上瘾→addicted adj.入了迷的;上了瘾的;有瘾的→addiction n.瘾;入迷;嗜好 2.reduce vt.减少→reduction n.减少 3.danger n.危险→dangerous adj.危险的→endanger vt.危及;危害;使遭受危险 4.inject vt.注射→injection n.注射 5.powerful adj.有力的;(药等)有功效的;强大的→power n.能力;力量;权力→powerless adj.无权力的;没有能力的 6.connection n.联系;关系;关联→connect v.联系;连接→connected adj.连接的;相连的 7.illegal adj.违法的;不合法的→(反义词)legal adj.合法的 8.treatment n.治疗;处理;对待→treat vt.治疗;对待;款待 9.disagree vi.不同意;意见不合→disagreement n.不同意 10.participant n.参与者;参加者→participate v.参加;参与→participation n.参与 11.crime n.罪行;犯罪行为→criminal n.罪犯 12.recognise vt.认识;认知;认出→recognition n.认出;识别 高考与教材 1.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage in dangerous (danger) and risky behavior.” 2.(2014·浙江卷)“We have lost the connection (connect) to the maker in our lives, and our tech engineers are the ones who feel impoverished, because they're surrounded by the digital world,” he says. 3.(2019·北京卷)If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team's performance. 4.(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)James Brindley is_recognized (recognize) as one of the leading early canal engineers. 5.(2019·天津卷)All participants (participate) must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. 6.(2014·江苏卷)Mature adults may sometimes feel pressured to cover up illegal (legal) activity at the company where they work, or end up in debt because they are unable to hold back the desire to buy a house or car that they can't afford in an effort to “keep up with the Joneses”. 7.(2017·北京卷)The purpose of the passage is to appeal for equal rights in medical treatment (treat). 8.(2017·天津卷)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging (jog) and swimming, is regarded as one of the best allround forms of exercise. 9.(2016·江苏卷)The data provided by ODI suggest that more investment should go to risk reduction (reduce). 1.ible结尾形容词一览 ①horrible 令人不快的 ②terrible 可怕的 ③accessible 易接近的 ④sensible 明智的 ⑤flexible 可弯曲的 ⑥digestible 容易消化的 2.一切皆有“可能” ①likely adj. 可能的 ②possible adj. 可能的 ③probable adj. 很可能的 ④perhaps adv. 可能,大概 ⑤maybe adv. 也许,大概 ⑥possibility n. 可能;可能性 3.“v.+ant”名词全接触 ①participate→participant 参与者 ②serve→servant 仆人 ③assist→assistant 助手 ④account→accountant 会计 ⑤inhabit→inhabitant 居民 ⑥immigrate→immigrant 移民,侨民 短语巧练 写准并记牢 1.look_up 向上看;查找 2.break_into 破门而入;强行闯入 3.belong_to 属于 4.become_addicted_to 对……上瘾;沉迷于 5.put_up 提高(价钱);举起;张贴 6.give_up 戒除;放弃 7.in_pain 处于痛苦中 8.(be)_related_to 有关系的;有关联的 9.in_danger 处于危险之中 10.in_order_to/so_as_to 为了…… 11.set_a_date 定下一个日期 12.break_the_law 犯法 13.take_one's_advice 听某人的意见 高考与教材 1.(2019·浙江卷)The students feel that they belong_to a particular group. 2.(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Not only is likability related_to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. 3.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)In_order_to win the match, we should get fully prepared and practice hard. 4.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give_up school to model fulltime. 5.(2014·陕西卷)No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke_into thunderous applause. 1.无被动语态动词短语小结 ①belong to 属于 ②date from/back to 追溯到 ③consist of 由……组成 ④come true 变成现实 ⑤take place 发生 ⑥break out 爆发 2.“in+n.”短语荟萃 ①in danger 处于危险之中 ②in pain 处于痛苦中 ③in trouble 处于困境中 ④in debt 负债 ⑤in doubt 不能肯定的 ⑥in relief 如释重负 3.“be+v.ed+prep.”短语联想 ①be related to 有关系的;有关联的 ②be accustomed to 习惯于 ③be devoted to 致力于 ④be admitted to 被接纳;被录取 ⑤be absorbed in 全神贯注于 ⑥be concerned about 为……担忧 句式仿写 写准并记牢 1.现在分词短语作伴随状语 Now I work in a centre for drug addicts, helping others to stop taking drugs. 现在我在一家戒毒中心工作,帮助其他吸毒者戒毒。 2.“否定词+adj./adv.的比较级”表示最高级的含义 I couldn't agree more. 我完全同意。 3.whatever引导让步状语从句 Whatever you're doing when you want to smoke—do something else! 当你想抽烟时,无论你在做什么,做点别的事! 高考与教材 1.(2019·北京卷)无论你处于人生的什么阶段,无论你去哪里,无论你在GDA做什么项目,你都会在一个贫穷而偏远的社区里创造积极的改变。 Whatever_stage_of_life_you're_at,_wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, you'll create positive changes in a poor and remote community. 2.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)操场上所有的足球运动员都大声欢呼,说我有足球天赋。 All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, saying_that_I_had_a_talent_for_football. 3.(2016·天津卷)再好不过了。 Couldn't be better. 高频词汇精讲 1.addict n.对(药物等)上瘾的人;瘾君子vt.使入迷;使上瘾 He is addicted to Peking opera, as it is the national opera of China. 他痴迷于京剧,因为它是中国的国粹。 (1)addict oneself to 沉溺于……;醉心于…… (2)addicted adj. 上瘾的;沉迷于某种嗜好的 be/become/get addicted to... 沉迷于……;热爱…… (3)addictive adj. 使人上瘾的 addiction n. 瘾,入迷,嗜好 [名师指津] addicted, addiction常与介词to连用,后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语;addicted常修饰人;addictive“使人上瘾的”,常修饰物。 (1)单句语法填空 ①You should stop taking this medicine because it is highly addictive (addict). ②Some students are now fighting their addiction (addict) to computer games. ③Teenagers who are addicted (addict) to the Internet are more likely to suffer from depression. (2)一句多译 曾经有一段时间他玩电脑游戏上瘾。 →There was a time when he addicted_himself_to_playing computer games. →There was a time when he was_addicted_to_playing computer games. (3)句式升级 The boy became addicted to computer games and didn't want to study. (用过去分词短语作状语改写) →Addicted_to_computer_games,_the boy didn't want to study. 2.reduce vt.减少;降低;使处于 Without practice, hopes will be reduced to zero. 没有实践,希望会化为乌有。 (1)reduce...to... 把……减少到…… reduce...by... 把……减少了…… reduce...from...to... 把……从……减少到…… (2)be reduced to... 沦落为……;陷入某种状态 (3)reduction n. 减少,缩小,降低 [联想发散] reduce “减少”的同义词是decrease,反义词是increase, rise(增加)。这三个词与reduce用法一样,后可接介词to时表示增减的结果,接介词by时表示增减的幅度。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Though the price of the house has been reduced by 10%, we can't afford it either. ②The mistakes in the article have been reduced from 7 to zero. ③By dieting and exercising, I reduced my weight by 5 kilos. ④The company has made great efforts at cost reduction (reduce). (2)完成句子 His life in the big city was hard and finally he was_reduced_to_begging for a living. 他在大城市的生活很艰难, 最后竟然沦落到以乞讨为生的境地。3.likely adj.可能的 Drug users are more likely to get into trouble at school. 吸毒者更有可能在学业上有麻烦。 be likely to do sth. 很可能做某事 It is likely that... 很可能…… [名师指津] likely, possible & probable用法辨析: likely sb./sth. be likely to do... It is likely that... possible It is possible for sb. to do sth. It is possible that... probable It is probable that... (1)单句语法填空 ①If one is late for a job interview, it is not likely that he will get the job. ②Studies show that people are likely to_suffer (suffer) from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. (2)一句多译 如果继续吸烟,你的身体健康可能受到损害。 →You are_likely_to suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. →It is_likely_that you will suffer from bad health if you keep smoking. 4.affect vt.影响;对……有坏影响;(疾病)侵袭;使感动 These actions have greatly affected the ecological balance. 这些行为极大的影响了生态平衡。 (1)be affected by 被……打动;被……(疾病)侵袭 be affected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉 be affected with high fever 发高烧 (2)affection n. 喜爱 (3)effect n. 影响 have an effect on 对……有影响 (1)单句语法填空 ①Affected (affect) by his father, he became interested in Chinese painting, which has got an age of more than 2,000 years old. ②Year by year their affection (affect) for each other grew stronger. ③An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person's character. (2)同义句转换 The drought seriously affected people's life. →The drought had_a_serious_effect_on people's life. 5.break into 破门而入;强行闯入;突然……起来 The next day, I broke into a house and stole a television and a video recorder. 第二天,我闯进一户人家,偷了一台电视机和一台录像机。 break into tears 突然哭起来 break in 打断,闯入 break out 爆发,突然开始 break away from 脱离,放弃,打破 break through 突破,冲破 break down 出故障,垮掉,分解 break up 分手,粉碎,散开,(学校或学生)放假 [名师指津] break into 与break in 都有“闯入”之意,但break into中into为介词,其后须接宾语;而break in中in为副词,为不及物动词短语;另外,break into 还有“突然开始”之意,和burst into 类似,而break in 还有“插嘴,打断”之意。 (1)用适当的介、副词填空 ①Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers breaking into your house. ②In order to get some money, the man broke up that old machine and sold some parts. ③Their car broke down on the way home yesterday. ④They were discussing something important when a man broke in. ⑤Scientists hope to break through soon in their fight against heart disease. ⑥I was still living in London when the war broke out. ⑦It is difficult for us to break away from the old traditional ideas. (2)完成句子 Mary broke_into_tears when hearing the news. 当玛丽听到这个消息时突然大哭了起来。6.give up 戒除;放弃;让给;停止 And here are some ideas to help people to give up smoking. 这儿有一些帮助人们戒烟的方法。 give up sth. to 把……让给/献给…… give away 泄露(机密);暴露;分发(奖品等) give in 屈服(于),(向……)让步 give off 发出(蒸汽、味道);发散(光线) give out 用完,用尽;分发;分布 (1)单句语法填空 ①On the bus, the young should give up their seats to the old. ②We'll never give up until the goal is reached. ③If you give away the secret, you'll have to answer for it. ④Many flowers give out a nice smell. ⑤The time has arrived when I need to give up smoking (smoke). ⑥Fireflies give off flashes of light when they fly at night. (2)完成句子 The Chinese people will never give_in to the disaster. 中华民族从不会向灾难屈服。 重点词汇点拨 1.recognise vt.认识,认出;意识到;承认,认可 写出下列句中recognise的含义 ①Do you know the fact that British medical qualifications are recognized in Canada? 认可;承认 ②James Brindley is recognised as one of the leading early canal engineers.认为 ③The film star wears sunglasses. Therefore, he can go shopping without being recognised.认出 ④I didn't recognize that I had made such a big mistake until you told me.意识到 2.danger n.危险 (1)单句语法填空 ①Letting off fireworks can be dangerous (danger). ②That one mistake will seriously endanger (danger) the future of the company. (2)完成句子 ①He is in_danger_of losing his job if he goes on like this. 他再这样下去可能会丢掉工作。 ②The patient is out_of_danger. 这个病人已脱离危险。 3.ban vt.禁止 n.禁止,禁令 单句语法填空 ①The government declared a ban on all fires in the open. ②The students are banned from using mobile phones during the exam. ③Canada will ban smoking (smoke) in all offices later this year. 典型句式精析 1.“否定词+adj./adv.的比较级”表示最高级 I couldn't agree more. 我完全同意。 (1)“can't/couldn't +比较级”意为“非常……”“再……不过”,表示最高级的意思。 (2)用于该结构中的否定词除了not之外,还有no,never,nothing等。 完成句子 ①The weather couldn't_be_worse. 天气再糟糕不过了。 ②He couldn't_have_done_better. 他做得再好不过了。 2.whatever引导让步状语从句 Whatever_you're_doing when you want to smoke—do something else! 无论你在做什么,当你想抽烟时,做点别的事吧! 疑问词+ever引导的让步状语从句 (1)whatever, whoever, whichever, whomever等既可引导让步状语从句,也可引导名词性从句,在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。 (2)whenever, wherever, however引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter when/where/how,意为“无论何时/何地/如何”。 (1)选词填空(whatever,whenever,wherever,however) ①Wherever he goes, he readily adapts to new circumstances. ②My mother is waiting for me whenever I arrive home. ③Whatever decision he made, I would support it. ④You should always strive to achieve more, however well you have done before. (2)完成句子 ①Whatever_the_result_is,_we should accept it with a smile, because we have tried our best. 无论结果怎样,我们都要微笑着接受,因为我们已经尽全力了。 ②Wherever_you_go,_please let me know. 无论你去哪儿,请让我知晓。 ③Whenever_you_come,_I will put you up. 无论你何时来,我都会提供食宿。 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1.As the company was declining, the number of employees in the company reduced (减少) from 120 to 80. 2.I have known him for ten years but I could hardly recognise (认出) him when I saw him in the distance this morning. 3.This medicine can be injected (注射) or taken by mouth. 4.In terms of studying, I prefer to study in the library because there are many distractions (使人分心的事) at home. 5.We stopped at the nearby (附近的) shop to buy some drinks before climbing the mountain. 6.As the medical science is developing so fast, cancer (癌症) will not be a deadly disease in the future. 7.In the largest room about a dozen children and seven adults (成人) are sitting on the carpet. 8.He is not likely (可能的) to come at this time of the day. 9.It's illegal (不合法的) to read people's private letters without permission. 10.Tobacco (烟草) advertising is forbidden on TV. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1.With the government's aid,those affected (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. 2.In order to_know (know) more about the panda, she lived and ate with them for more than one year. 3.Many people in the area died from accidents related (relate) to drinking alcohol. 4.It was not until Jack made a contribution to the disabled that I knew he belonged to the voluntary organization. 5.When I was a child, my father always told me not to give up whatever happened. 6.As a parent, you should prevent your children from becoming addicted (addict) to computer games. 7.All the citizens here strongly insist those caught putting up “harmful” advertisements in the streets be punished strictly. 8.Whatever the situation is, the best advice is to obey the Golden Rule:treat others as you would like to be treated. 9.I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond recognition (recognise). 10.The train was delayed because of the heavy fog so Mr Smith is likely to_arrive (arrive) a bit late. Ⅲ.单句改错 1.The dictionary belonged to me is worth 20 dollars.belonged→belonging 2.The thief broke in the office and stole some money.in→into 3.The operation was a success and she is now out of the danger.去掉第二个the 4.The Chinese government has decided to ban smoke in public places.smoke→smoking 5.Addicting to Chinese culture, he decided to learn Chinese in a night school.Addicting→Addicted Ⅳ.语段填词 1.They said they disagreed with our view. As a matter of fact, their disagreement was due to a misunderstanding. (disagree) 2.After he came to power,_everyone said he was a powerful leader, but now he feels so powerless that he even can't save his daughter. (power) 3.People had to treat themselves in their own way before they received the treatment sent by the government.(treat) 4.He drove so fast that I really felt my life was in danger. So I told him driving fast was dangerous and if he didn't slow down, he would endanger our lives. (danger) 5.He liked playing online games so much that it didn't take him long to become addicted to them. The addiction to games is taking over his life. So he is really a game addict.(addict) 6.They encouraged the participants to participate in the singing performance after the contest and the participation gave the students much delight. (participate) Ⅴ.完成句子 1.无论你做什么,都不能违背自然规律。(whatever引导让步状语从句) Whatever_you_do,_you can't go against nature. 2.在我看来,这家旅馆的服务好极了。(否定词+比较级) As far as I'm concerned, the service in the hotel couldn't have been better. 3.他们高高兴兴地回家了,有说有笑。(现在分词短语作伴随状语) They went home happily, talking_and_laughing. 4.放弃他的工作是我们最不希望他做的事情。(动名词短语作主语) Giving_up_his_job was the last thing we expected him to do. 5.在完成家庭作业前,她被禁止玩电脑游戏。(ban) She is_banned_from playing computer games before her homework is finished. Ⅵ.微写作 假定你是李华,你所在学校将要举行一次主题为“Get away from drugs and cherish our lives”的英语演讲比赛,请你用英语写一篇演讲稿。内容要点包括: 1.毒品对人们的健康有害; 2.毒品对社会的影响; 3.政府已经采取了措施来减少毒品带来的可怕的危险; 4.呼吁每个人都远离毒品、珍视生命。 注意:1.请根据以上要点写一篇100词左右的短文; 2.尽量使用本模块的知识点; 3.可适当增加细节。 Good morning, everyone! As we know, drugs are harmful to people's health. After taking drugs, people will become addicted to them easily. If drugtakers can't get timely treatment, they are likely to die eventually. Taking drugs also affects our society. In order to get money to buy drugs, drugtakers may do something illegal such as breaking into others' houses to steal. All the crimes caused by drugs have had a bad effect on our society. Our government has taken measures to reduce the horrible danger of drugs. Whoever takes drugs is recognised to break the law. I appeal to everyone to get away from drugs and cherish our lives. That's all. Thank you for listening. Ⅶ.课文语法填空 Drugs are __1__ (danger) to people and we shouldn't get in touch with them. Adam Rouse, who used __2__ (be) addicted to drugs, told us his story. He started by __3__ (take) cannabis and then he began to smoke cocaine __4__ is a powerful drug. He was __5__ terrible pain because he did not have enough money to buy the drugs. Then he broke into a house and __6__ (steal) a television and a video recorder. He sold them to a shop in a nearby street and paid for the drugs. One day, he __7__ (catch) by the police. __8__ next day, a doctor came to tell __9__ (he) that he would die if he didn't stop taking crack cocaine. So he stopped __10__ (immediate) and now is working in a centre, helping others to stop taking drugs. 1.dangerous 2.to_be 3.taking 4.which 5.in 6.stole 7.was_caught 8.The 9.him 10.immediately 学习至此,请完成课时作业8查看更多