2020届二轮复习核心语法考点练词性转换构词法学案

2020届二轮复习核心语法考点练词性转换构词法学案

语法专项（三）词性转换（构词法）‎ 单句语法填空 ‎1．(2019·河北衡水中学月考)Mount Vesuvius had not erupted for centuries, so the people of Pompeii felt that they were in (safe)．‎ safety　解析：句意：维苏威火山几个世纪以来都没有爆发过，所以庞培的人们感到他们是安全的。in safety意为“安全”，是固定短语。‎ ‎2．(2019·湖北百所重点学校联考)The Theater District is a popular tourist ‎ ‎(attract) in New York City.‎ attraction　解析：句意：剧院区是纽约一个很受欢迎的旅游胜地。设空处作is的表语，其前有不定冠词a及popular tourist修饰，应用名词单数。‎ ‎3．(2019·吉林四校联考)At first people there found the Chinese and their work very strange. My father often saw people running after trains out of (curious)．‎ curiosity　解析：句意：起初，那里的人们发现中国人和他们的工作很奇怪。我父亲经常看到人们出于好奇而追赶火车。介词of后应使用名词，此处是短语out of curiosity“出于好奇”。‎ ‎4．The boy gave his classmate a (describe) of what he had seen on his way to school.‎ description　解析：空格前有不定冠词，空格后有介词of，故此处填名词。‎ ‎5．People who are farsighted can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty in reading a book unless they hold it at an arm’s (long)．‎ length　解析：此处表示除非放在一臂远的距离外。因此此处是跟在所有格arm’s后，名词的所有格修饰名词，所以此处应填名词length。‎ ‎6．(2019·辽宁五校期末统考)You can imagine how (terrible) shy I was the moment I thought of that.‎ terribly　解析：句意：你可以想象得到一想到那件事我是多么地害羞啊！从设空位置看，空处在how之后，要考虑使用形容词或者副词；再由其后的形容词shy可知需要用副词。‎ ‎7．(2019·河北衡水模拟)Nowadays young people never (will) let their creativity be limited by their parents or traditional rules.‎ willingly　解析：句意：如今年轻人从不愿意让他们的创造力受到父母或传统规则的限制。空格处用来修饰谓语动词let，应用副词，will 先转化为形容词willing，willing的副词形式是在其后直接加ly。‎ ‎8．(2019·新疆第二次适应性检测)There are many kinds of reference books ‎ available in the book market. A smart use of these books is certainly (benefit), but the misuse and overuse of them may cause a lot of problems.‎ beneficial　解析：考查形容词。此处应用形容词作系动词is的表语。‎ ‎9．(2019·湖北武汉高三调考)Floating on a pool of water at the base and looking up at the waterfall with a background of blue sky was one of the most (relax) experiences of my life.‎ relaxing　解析：名词前应用形容词作定语，此处修饰experiences，故填relaxing“令人放松的”。‎ ‎10．(2019·安徽师大附中测试)What a wonderful example these two elderly sisters were to me! I will always be (thank) that I had the opportunity to know them.‎ thankful　解析：考查形容词。be动词后一般跟形容词作表语，故此处应用形容词形式。‎ 单句改错 ‎1．(2019·吉林长春外国语学校期中)I will be fully occupied in preparing for an importance lecture coming the day after tomorrow.‎ ‎ ‎ importance→important　解析：句意：我将忙着准备后天的一个重要的演讲。根据该句中的名词lecture可知，应用形容词important修饰lecture，表示“重要的演讲”。‎ ‎2．(2019·广东湛江模拟)Eventually, members of the English club will exchange gifts. I’m sure it will be a warmly gettogether.‎ ‎ ‎ warmly→warm　解析：此处修饰名词gettogether应用形容词warm。‎ ‎3．(2019·沈阳监测)Passing through several streets, we saw no one but only rubbish here and there. An hour later, I still couldn’t bear to keep my eyes widely open.‎ ‎ ‎ widely→wide　解析： 考查副词。空处修饰形容词open，故用副词形式；wide本身就有副词词性，意为“完全地”。注意：此处不能填widely, widely主要表示距离远、范围大、地域广等。‎ ‎4．(2019·四川绵阳二诊)However, my favourite subject is music, especially classical music which often makes my heart peacefully.‎ ‎ ‎ peacefully→peaceful　解析：句意：然而我最喜爱的科目是音乐，‎ 尤其是常常会使我心情平静的古典音乐。动词make 之后通常有复合宾语结构，即“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，宾语补足语通常由形容词充当。‎ ‎5．When people have hot pot together, what real matters is not only the food but also the atmosphere.‎ ‎ ‎ real→really　解析： 此处修饰谓语matters，应用副词。matter作动词讲时，意为“要紧”。‎ 语法填空 ‎(2019·合肥模拟)What exactly is social media? Social media can be defined as webbased, mobile media that 1. (use) to connect with each other.‎ There are several types of social media. The first type involves people getting together to work on a project. Wikipedia is 2. example of this type of social media. There are other types that allow people 3. (share) content such as pictures and articles. Another type of social media is websites like Second Life, 4. people can create objects, as if they 5. (be) in the real world. The final type is social networking sites that can make people stay in touch with 6. (friend). ‎ Social media is different from 7. (tradition) media. In the past, media was created in one place, 8. (normal) a company. Then the company would send out the media to consumers, like newspapers and magazines. But 9. social media, many individual people in different locations can create content. In addition, a few minutes are spent ‎ ‎10. (write) a twitter post today while it would take many months to edit a magazine in the past. ‎ Some people think social media is good and some think it is bad. But whatever you might think, social media is here to stay.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文为我们介绍了社交媒体，以及人们对它所持的不同态度。‎ ‎1．is used　解析：考查动词的语态。social media和use之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态。‎ ‎2．an　解析：考查冠词。“维基网站是这种社交媒体的一个例子”表示泛指，所以填不定冠词an。‎ ‎3．to share　解析：考查非谓语动词。此处考查allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”，用to do不定式作宾语补足语。‎ ‎4．where　解析：考查定语从句的关系词。此句中where引导的句子在主句中作定语，先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用where引导。‎ ‎5．were　解析：考查动词的时态。根据前面的as if可知后面用虚拟语气，所以填were。‎ ‎6．friends　解析：考查名词的单复数。根据此处语意：和朋友保持联系，friend是可数名词单数形式，前面没有限定词修饰，所以填friends。‎ ‎7．traditional　解析：考查形容词。修饰后面的名词media，用tradition的形容词形式。‎ ‎8．normally　解析：考查副词。副词normally修饰，表示“正常情况下，通常”。‎ ‎9．with　解析：考查介词。with social media表示有了社交媒体。‎ ‎10．writing　解析：考查非谓语动词。some time is spent (in) doing sth.是“spend some time (in) doing sth.”的变式。‎ 短文改错 ‎(2019·长郡中学实验班选拔考试)One day when I was on my way to home from school, I found a building on fire. Immediately I called the firefighters.‎ Several minutes late, the firefighters arrived and tried their best to control the fire. With the help of the firefighters, a lot of peoples left the building safely. Sudden a foreign woman came in a hurry to tell the firefighters everything. But they can’t understand what she said. I went to the woman and asked her that was happening. She told me that his daughter was still in the building. I told the firefighters about it at once, but they immediately ran into the building and rescued little girl.‎ 答案：‎ One day when I was on my way home from school, I found a building on fire. Immediately I called the firefighters.‎ Several minutes ， the firefighters arrived and tried their best to control the fire. With the help of the firefighters, a lot of left the building safely. a foreign woman came in a hurry to tell the firefighters . But they understand what she said. I went to the woman and asked her was happening. She told me that daughter was still in the building. I told the ‎ firefighters about it at once, they immediately ran into the building and rescued little girl.‎