百师联盟2021届高三一轮复习联考（二）全国卷英语试题 Word版含解析

百师联盟2021届高三一轮复习联考（二）全国卷英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 百师联盟 2021 届高三一轮复习联考（二）新高考卷 英语试卷 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如 需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写 在答题卡上。 写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 考试时间 120 分钟，满分 150 分 第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回 答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.15. C. £9.18. 答案是 B。 1. What does the man mean? A. Tom is visiting his mother. B. Tom will be unable to come. C. Tom can't hear them. 2. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a laboratory. C. In a hotel. 3. What is the man going to do? A. He will call her when the watch is fixed. B. He wants her to fix the watch within one week. C. He wants the woman to fix his watch. 4. Who painted the house? A. Nobody. B. Someone else. C. Henry. 5. How much money do they have between them? A. $ 86. B. $56. C. $46. - 2 - 第二节（共 15 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 3 段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项。 听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后， 各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。 每段对话读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What did the man do last night ? A. He studied in the library. B. He went to a party. C. He attended a big test. 7. What does the woman think of the research report? A. She clearly doesn't believe in what it says. B. She thinks the report is 30 percent correct. C. She probably believes in the report. 听第 7 段材料，回答 8〜10 题。 8. Where does the conversation probably take place ? A. In a library. B. In a classroom. C. In a bookstore. 9 What is the man doing ? A. Returning some books. B. Looking for a book. C. Writing a research paper. 10. What does the woman tell the man to do ? A. Return the due books. B. Refer to the card list. C. Make use of the computer. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11~13 题. 11. How long will it probably take to get to the museum ? A. More than 30 minutes. B. Less than 13 minutes. C. At most 30 minutes. 12. What time does the museum close ? A. Around 4:30 p.m. B. Around 5:30 p.m. C. Around 6:00 p.m. 13. How does the man describe the restaurant? A. It's a bit expensive. B. The service is terrible. C. It's very expensive. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14~16 题。 14. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter. 15. How much is the present for Tom without the discount? A. 15 dollars. B. 30 dollars. C. 50 dollars. - 3 - 16. How does the man feel about the second product? A. It is too expensive. B. It doesn't sound great. C. It isn't suitable for a girl. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17~20 题。 17. How long has the speaker lived in a small town? A. One year. B. Ten years. C. Eighteen years. 18. What is the speaker's opinion on public transport? A. It's cheap. B. It's time-saving. C. It's comfortable. 19. What is good about living in a small town? A. It's more convenient. B. It's healthier. C. It's safer. 20. What kind of life does the speaker seem to like most? A. Busy. B. Colorful. C. Quiet. 第二部分阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Vacations All employees are entitled to a minimum of two weeks paid vacation time annually. The actual days to be used as vacation are subject to approval by the individual employee’s supervisor. Insurance All employees are qualified for any of the health insurance plans offered by the college. Information on the various plans is available from Human Resources. This benefit is extended to members of the employee’s immediate family. Part-time employees may apply for this benefit but will pay a higher percentage of the premium. Use of College Facilities All employees, full and part time, may use any of the college facilities, including the library, gym, swimming pool, and tennis courts, free of charge. A faculty or staff ID card must be shown when requesting access to these facilities. Immediate family members also have the right to enjoy this benefit, but must obtain an ID card from Human Resources before using college facilities. Parking Free parking is available on campus for all college employees; however, a parking sticker must - 4 - be obtained from Human Resources. The sticker must be displayed on the windshield at all times when parked on campus. The sticker is valid for parking in specially designated employee parking areas as well as in any parking space marked “Visitor.” Student parking areas are reserved for student parking only. Taking Classes Employees may take classes in any department at the college. Show your faculty or staff ID when registering for the class. Employees may enroll in up to three classes per year free of charge. Any additional classes beyond that must be paid for at the full tuition rate. In addition, any employee wishing to pursue a degree must apply for and be accepted into the program of his or her choice before being considered a degree candidate. In this case, student service fees will apply. 1. Who is qualified for health insurance benefits? A. Full-time employees only. B. All employees, but not their family members. C. All employees and their immediate family. D. Part-time employees and their immediate family. 2. Where can employees park their cars? A. In the employee parking areas only. B. In both employee and visitor parking areas. C. Anywhere on campus. D. In both employee and student parking areas. 3. What is required of employees who want to study for a degree? A. Permission of their supervisors. B. Student service fees and the full tuition rate. C. Payment of full tuition. D. Application for admission into a program. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一所学院雇员享有的福利待遇，包括假期、保险、停车、学院 设施的使用和学习课程等。 【1 题详解】 - 5 - 细节理解题。根据 Insurance 部分关键句“All employees are qualified for any of the health insurance plans offered by the college.”（所有员工都有资格参加学院提供的任何健康保险计 划。）和“This benefit is extended to members of the employee’s immediate family.（这项福利适用 于雇员的直系亲属。）”可知，所有员工及其直系亲属有资格享受健康保险福利。故选 C 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Parking 部分关键句“The sticker is valid for parking in specially designated employee parking areas as well as in any parking space marked “Visitor.””（员工停车贴纸适用于 在特别指定的员工停车场停车以及任何标有“访客”的停车位停车）可知，员工可以把车停 在员工和访客停车区域。故选 B 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Taking Classes 部分关键句“In addition, any employee wishing to pursue a degree must apply for and be accepted into the program of his or her choice before being considered a degree candidate.”（此外，任何希望攻读学位的员工在被视为学位候选人之前，必须先申请 并被他或她选择的课程接受。）可知，对想攻读学位的员工来说，需要有相关课程的入学申请。 故选 D 项。 B Dan studied the tracks on the ground. For the third night in a row, the adult bear had returned. Was she here because she was just looking for an easy meal? Or was she here because of the baby bear locked in the pen? If that was the reason, what did she want with the cub? Dan thought about the cub. He knew there was a lot the cub could learn from an adult bear. He did not want to disturb or interfere with the bears getting to know each other. But the cub had been brought in injured. As the cub’s guardian, Dan had a responsibility to make sure that the cub was safe. Perhaps he had been hurt by this very bear. On the other hand, what if the adult were friendly? She could teach the cub things he had to learn if he were to live in the wilderness. Dan decided it was worth taking a chance. He would let the adult bear near the cub. But he would be ready for trouble, if this turned out to be a mistake. That night, Dan waited in the shadows near the pen. In his hand was a big flashlight. If the adult bear tried to hurt the cub, he would try to scare her off with the light. If that did not work, he had a loud horn with him. He thought that the sudden noise from the horn would drive her away. Dan did not have to wait very long. Soon there was a rustling in the woods. Then the adult - 6 - proclaimed her presence with a low growl and emerged from behind a tree. She was quick in movement and healthy. Dan hoped she would scare easily. As soon as the cub heard her a frightening low noise, he became active and started toward the fence in an awkward run. When the two bears met at the fence, the adult stood and put her front paws against it. The cub tried to do the same, but tottered and fell forward. The adult bear snorted. Dan was not sure what the snort meant. Then the cub stuck his nose through the fence in a friendly greeting. How would the adult respond? Dan’s heart raced. He raised the flashlight and the horn, ready to act. The adult leaned forward and gently rubbed her nose against the cub. Dan lowered the flashlight. Everything was going to be fine. 4. The author writes this passage chiefly for the purpose of_______. A. showing people how to behave at the zoo B. informing the reader about extinct animals C. persuading the reader to give money to zoos D. entertaining the reader with a story about bears 5. The author asks questions at the beginning of the story to_______. A. help people remember the story B. find out if the reader can answer them C. get the reader interested in the story D. see how much the reader knows about bears 6. Which is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “tottered” in paragraph 5? A. Walked proudly with its head high. B. Moved in a way that was not steady. C. Walked with heavy steps in an angry way. D. Moved lightly as if it was dancing. 7. Why did Dan lower the flashlight at the end of the story? A. He saw the adult bear was not going to hurt the cub. B. He wanted to scare away the adult bear. C. He was concerned about what might happen. D. He wondered if the two bears would get along well. - 7 - 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 【解析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了得到救助的受伤小熊在围栏期间，一连三个晚上一只母熊想 要接近小熊，作者记述了这一过程及自己最初担心小熊受到大熊伤害，为保护小熊所做的准 备。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了 Dan 救助受伤小熊并避免熊妈妈伤害的故事， 通过这个关于熊的故事让读者得到娱乐。故选 D。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Was she here because she was just looking for an easy meal? Or was she here because of the baby bear locked in the pen? If that was the reason, what did she want with the cub?”可知，她来这里只是为了找一顿简单的饭菜吗？还是因为被关在围栏里的熊宝宝？ 如果这就是原因，她要幼崽干什么？作者连着用了三个问题，显然是要引起读者对下文的兴 趣。故选 C。 【6 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段“the cub...started toward the fence in an awkward run(幼崽……开 始笨拙地朝栅栏跑去)”及“the adult stood and put her front paws against it. The cub tried to do the same, but. ..fell forward.(成年熊站起来，用前爪贴着它。熊宝宝也想做同样的事，但是…… 栽倒了)”可知，小熊摇摇晃晃在走。由此推知，划线词 tottered 意为“以一种不稳定的方式移 动”。故选 B。 【7 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“The adult leaned forward and gently rubbed her nose against the cub. Dan lowered the flashlight.”可知，成年熊身子前倾，轻轻地用鼻子摩擦幼崽。丹放下手电筒。 由此可知，Dan 降低手电是因为他看到大熊不会伤害幼熊。故选 A。 C More than 450 kinds of plants eat insects. These plants use their special leaves as traps. When insects land on the leaves, they are eaten. One of these insect-eating plants is the Venus flytrap(捕蝇草).It grows only in North Carolina and South Carolina. The Venus flytrap has special juices on its leaves. Insects land on its leaves to taste the juices. When the insects land, their bodies touch tiny “trigger hairs“ on the leaves. The - 8 - insects struggle, making a vain effort to free themselves. Then the leaves close up suddenly, taking the insects prisoner. The sundew(茅膏菜)is another insect-eating plant. It has red vines that look and move like arms and can close around things. These vines are covered with sticky drops. When an insect lands on one of these drops, it gets stuck in it. Then the sundew's “arms” hold the insect close. The leaves of a butterwort(捕虫堇属植物)plant also are covered in a sticky substance. An insect attracted to the sticky material gets stuck on the leaf. Then the leaf of the butterwort rolls up, trapping the insect inside. The pitcher plant(瓶子草类)is another insect eater. However, this plant gets its prey in a different way. It cannot move its leaves the way the other insect-eating plants do. The leaves of the pitcher plant, covered with tiny spikes(钉状物),make a sweet-smelling juice, which insects approach the leaves to taste. When they touch the leaves, they get caught by the spikes. The insects cannot escape, and they drown in a pool of juice before becoming a meal for the pitcher plant. Insect-eating plants are an important part of nature. They do not need to get their food from the soil as other plants do. Because of this, they can grow in poor soil. Some of them even live on trees or underwater. In many cases, they survive after a disaster when other plants do not. They can live through floods and freezing weather and often are the first plants to grow again after a fire. Insect eating plants are among nature's most interesting forms of plant life. 8. How does the pitcher plant trap insects? A. By closing around their legs. B. By holding them with spikes. C. By keeping them from eating. D. By hurting them with vines. 9. What happens when an insect lands on the leaf of the butterwort plant? A. It drowns in a pool of juice. B. It gets caught by tiny spikes. C. It gets stuck in a sticky material. D. It gets caught in leaves that close up. 10 The author of this passage would most likely agree that . A. insect-eating plants are interesting to observe B. insect-eating plants are the most dangerous form of life C. after a disaster, an effort should be made to grow more insect-eating plants D. a butterwort plant kills insects more efficiently than other insect-eating plants 11. Which of the following can be the best title of this passage? - 9 - A. How insect-eating plants get their food B. How insect-eating plants grow in poor soil C. Why insect-eating plants survive other plants D. Why insect-eating plants can live through a disaster 【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. A 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种食昆虫植物及其捕食方式，我们可以从中感受神奇的大 自然带给我们的惊愕。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段的“The leaves of the pitcher plant, covered with tiny spikes(钉状 物),make a sweet-smelling juice, which insects approach the leaves to taste. When they touch the leaves, they get caught by the spikes. The insects cannot escape, and they drown in a pool of juice……”(猪笼草的叶子,覆盖着微小的钉状物,会产生一种甜蜜的能吸引昆虫靠近去吃的汁 液。当昆虫碰到叶子的时候，就会被钉状物卡住。昆虫无法逃脱，会淹死在汁液中。)可知猪 笼草是靠钉状物抓昆虫的，故选 B。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The leaves of a butterwort(捕虫堇属植物)plant also are covered in a sticky substance. An insect attracted to the sticky material gets stuck on the leaf. Then the leaf of the butterwort rolls up, trapping the insect inside.”(捕虫堇属植物的叶子被一种粘性物质覆盖。被粘 性物质吸引的昆虫会粘在叶子上。然后捕虫堇属植物的叶子就会卷起，把昆虫困在里面。)可 知昆虫落在捕虫堇属植物叶子上后会被上面的粘性物质粘住，故选 C。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。文章前几段介绍了几种食昆虫植物，根据文章最后一段“Insect eating plants are among nature's most interesting forms of plant life.”(吃昆虫的植物是自然界中最有趣的植物形 式之一。)可知作者认为观察以昆虫为食的植物是有趣的，故选 A。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“More than 450 kinds of plants eat insects. These plants use their special leaves as traps. When insects land on the leaves, they are eaten.”（450 多种植物以昆虫为食。这 些植物用它们特殊的叶子作为陷阱。当昆虫落在树叶上时，它们就被吃掉了。）结合全文内容。 可知文章第一段引出食昆虫植物，介绍了它们的共同特点。2-5 段介绍了几种典型食昆虫植物 - 10 - 的捕食方法，最后一段介绍了食昆虫植物存在和研究的重要性。A 项 How insect-eating plants get their food 概括了文章主要内容，适合作为标题。故选 A。 D The term “telecommuting” refers to a workforce arrangement in which there is no central office where employees gather and work. Instead, these employees work wherever they can access the people and materials needed to complete their projects and daily tasks. One of the most common locations for telecommuters to work is their own homes. However, with today's advanced technological equipment, employees can work anywhere. Laptop computers and tablets allow for facile mobility, as do wireless Internet “hot spots” and even smartphones with highspeed Internet connectivity. More employers should consider the advantages of a telecommuting arrangement. It allows employers to hire people who otherwise would not be available. This includes parents with small children, the physically disabled, and people living far from urban centers. Plus, it allows for a more globalized business, since the company can employ people in all parts of the world, regardless of location or time zone. According to a recent poll, approximately one in five workers telecommutes frequently, and nearly 10 percent never set foot in a traditional office. Still, some barriers do exist to more employers, adopting a telecommuting work model. Liability insurance and worker's compensation in case of accidents can become serious issues, and all other applicable laws and regulations must be fully investigated. In addition, the long-established way to manage employees has been to observe workers firsthand. Therefore, many companies do not allow full-time telecommuting for fear of a drop in productivity levels. However, most studies find that frequent face-to-face interactions through video-conferencing, as well as allowing for periods of adjustment to the new work system, are often all that is needed to overcome any obstacles. The advantages of telecommuting-even two or three days a week—far outweigh any possible disadvantages, and most of the employer concerns about telecommuting are unfounded. They are simply based on ignorance of new hi-tech breakthroughs or on fear of change to the traditional workforce environment. Clearly, employers today should not overlook the option of telecommuting. 12. Which of the following best describes the author's attitude toward telecommuting? A. Afraid. B. Enthusiastic. - 11 - C. Disapproving. D. Indifferent. 13. What is the main point of the second paragraph? A. Virtual offices are not limited to the home. B. Telecommuting reduces rent and electricity costs. C. Telecommuting has numerous benefits. D. Living far from urban centers is no longer a problem. 14. Why did the author write the passage? A. To describe the technical terms used by telecommuters. B. To criticize the greed of companies that do not allow telecommuting. C. To explain the reasons why some companies do not permit telecommuting. D. To praise the advantages of telecommuting. 15. Which of the following states the author's opinion? A. Companies considering telecommuting should check on legal issues and union rules. B. There are no serious barriers in organizations, attempting to adopt telecommuting. C. To make telecommuting common, all companies must adopt video-conferencing. D. Telecommuting should not be allowed for fewer than three days a week. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 本文是一篇议论文。作者论证了远程办公的好处，明确阐述了自己的观点，建议雇主们采用 远程办公。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“However, with today's advanced technological equipment, employees can work anywhere.”(然而，随着当今先进的技术设备，员工可以在任何地方工作。)第二段 “More employers should consider the advantages of a telecommuting arrangement.”(更多的雇主 应该考虑远程办公的好处。)最后一段“Clearly, employers today should not overlook the option of telecommuting.”(显然，今天的雇主不应该忽视远程办公的选择。)可推断作者对远程办公 是热情，支持的态度。故选 B。 【13 题详解】 主旨大意题。第二段第一句 “More employers should consider the advantages of a telecommuting arrangement.”(更多的雇主应该考虑远程办公的好处。)是本段的主题句，下文“It allows - 12 - employers to hire people who otherwise would not be available.”(它能让雇主雇佣那些本来找不 到的人。)和“Plus, it allows for a more globalized business, since the company can employ people in all parts of the world, regardless of location or time zone.”(此外，它允许一个更加全球化的业 务，因为公司可以雇用世界各地的人，无论地点或时区。)具体列举了远程办公的好处，所以 第二段是在介绍远程办公有许多好处，故选 C。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“More employers should consider the advantages of a telecommuting arrangement.”(更多的雇主应该考虑远程办公的好处。) 和最后一段“Clearly, employers today should not overlook the option of telecommuting.”(显然，今天的雇主不应该忽视远程办公的选 择。)可知作者写本文是为了称赞远程办公的好处，故选 D。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Liability insurance and worker's compensation in case of accidents can become serious issues, and all other applicable laws and regulations must be fully investigated.”(责任保险和工伤事故赔偿可能成为严重问题，所有其他适用的法律法规都必须 进行充分调查。)可知作者认为考虑远程办公的公司应该检查法律问题和工会规则。故选 A。 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 If you are thinking about asking for a raise in salary, there are several things to keep in mind. First, consider whether you deserve a higher salary. ___16___ Sit down and make a list of your job accomplishments. Be as specific as possible. For example, think about important projects you have worked on, things you have done to improve the organization of work in your department, or how your efforts have brought more money to the company. Also include any professional development opportunities you have taken advantage of recently and be ready to explain how they have improved your performance on the job. ___17___ Bear in mind that salary levels are based not only on performance but also on the market for your particular skills. Before you ask for a raise, you need to do some research. You should investigate the industry standards for salaries for people in similar positions with similar levels of experience. ___18___ Your initial request should actually be slightly higher than the amount you want in order to leave some room for negotiation. Then, if you have to - 13 - go lower than this amount, you still end up with something close to what you want. ___19___ If you have recently been given new responsibilities, it makes sense to ask for a higher level of compensation. On the other hand, if the company is going through financial difficulties, a request for more money will probably not be met with a favorable response. It would be better to wait until the company is in a better financial position. Finally, never give personal reasons for wanting a higher salary. Your need to pay your child's college tuition or buy a bigger house is of no concern to your boss. ___20___ That is where you need to keep the conversation. A. This will help you determine what would be a reasonable amount of money to ask for. B. Skills play a key role in your salary level. C. A crucial point is the timing of your request. D. Everyone is eager for a raise in salary. E. You probably do, but you should be able to explain exactly why to your boss. F. Your salary level should be based on professional considerations alone. G. Then you will be better prepared when you meet with your boss. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. A 19. C 20. F 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。作者用了有说服力的语言，介绍了员工向雇主提出增加薪金前应考虑的事 情。 【16 题详解】 根据前文“First, consider whether you deserve a higher salary.”首先，你要考虑你是否值得更高 的薪水，E 项说你可能值得，但是你要向你的老板解释为什么。本句起承上启下的作用，You probably do 中的 do，指前句 deserve a higher salary，用 do 避免重复。本句 explain...why 和后 面部分的内容紧密相连。故选 E 项， 【17 题详解】 前 文 说“Also include any professional development opportunities you have taken advantage of recently and be ready to explain how they have improved your performance on the job” 还要包括 你最近利用的职业发展机会，并准备好解释它们是如何提高你在工作中的表现的。G 项说当你 见老板的时候，你就会准备地更好了。本句是段落的结尾句，说明了做到前述几项，就会有 本句所说情况的出现。 故选 G 项。 【18 题详解】 - 14 - 上文说“You should investigate the industry standards for salaries for people in similar positions with similar levels of experience.” 你应该调查一下行业对相似职位、相似经验水平的人的工资 标准。上文提到了工资标准。A 项说这将帮助你确定多少钱是合理的要求。本句承上，前后意 思关联紧密。选项的 amount of money 照应上文的 salaries，故选 A 项。 【19 题详解】 根据后文的“if the company is going through financial difficulties, a request for more money will probably not be met with a favorable response.” 如果公司正经历财政困难，要求更多的钱可能 不会得到一个有利的回应。本段后面内容从正反两方面，说明提出要求增加薪金时，要选择 恰当的时机。C 项说关键的一点是你请求的时间，提到了时间，照应下文。故选 C 项。 【20 题详解】 上文说“never give personal reasons for wanting a higher salary.” 不要给出要求加薪的个人原 因。F 项说我们的工资水平应该仅仅基于职业方面的考虑。本句从正面用来支持本段的主题句， 它也同后面一句有承接关系。故选 F 项。 第三部分语言知识（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最 佳选项。 I was excited when Mr. Dudley at the newspaper office said I could have Nina's paper route. Nina's family was moving to Texas. When I told my parents the news, they were pleased but___21___ . Dad said, “Nina has had two years' ___22___handling that paper route. Do you think you can ___23___ it?” I told him I was sure I could learn. My primary purpose was to make more money, but I also looked forward to the___24___of a larger route. I would work hard at it. My parents finally said that I could try. Mom added, “Try it___25___ an experiment, Marlene.” I began the experiment by working with Nina for two weeks. The first morning, Nina didn't ___26___to think I could handle the route. She acted as if it were a lot of trouble to show me___27___she rolled and packed the papers. That weekend when the carrying bag was ___28___of Sunday papers, Nina watched me riding ___29___down the street on my bicycle. As I changed gears, I lost my____30____ . I fell, spilling - 15 - papers all over Travis Street. Nina and I both burst out laughing, and she told me that the ____31____ thing had happened to her. ____32____ my little accident, Nina gave me all the help I needed. During the next few weeks, I learned to balance a____33____bicycle. I improved my throwing arm and got used to ____34____dogs and changing weather. I also learned how to ____35____vacations, new customers, and collections. The experiment was working out just fine. 21. A. admirable B. ambiguous C. cautious D. casual 22. A. difficulty B. commitment C. experience D. operation 23. A. manage B. afford C. evaluate D. hold 24. A. honor B. maximum C. enthusiasm D. challenge 25. A. as B. in C. for D. during 26. A. refuse B. like C. seem D. need 27. A. why B. when C. where D. how 28. A. packed B. crowded C. tight D. full 29. A. confidently B. suddenly C. unsteadily D. improperly 30. A. heart B. balance C. face D. speed 31 A. remarkable B. same C. curious D. risky 32. A. After B. Around C. Without D. By 33. A. coasted B. hired C. loaded D. mended 34. A. walking B. feeding C. chewing D. barking 35. A. spend B. book C. take D. handle 【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. D 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. D 【解析】 本文为记叙文，作者描述了自己送报的经历。 【21 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉我的父母这个消息的时候，他们既高兴又担心。A. admirable 令人钦佩的；B. ambiguous 模糊不清的；C. cautious 谨慎的，担心的；D. casual 随意 的。作者父母既为她高兴，同时又担心她做这工作有困难。故选 C 项。 - 16 - 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尼娜有两年处理这类报纸的经验。你觉得你能行吗?。A. difficulty 困难；B. commitment 承诺；C. experience 经历；D. operation 手术。根据前文的 I could have Nina's paper route.“”，此句是说 Nina 处理这类报纸的经验。故选 C 项。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼娜有两年处理这类报纸的经验。你觉得你能行吗?。A. manage 设法应对；B. afford 支付得起；C. evaluate 评估; D. hold 举办。根据上文“ they were pleased but 1 .”可知，者父母既为她高兴，同时又担心她做这工作有困难。所以问作者能应付吗？ 根据下文“I told him I was sure I could learn.”也可知道答案故选 A 项。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最初的目的是赚更多的钱，但我也期待着更大的挑战。A. honor 荣誉；B. maximum 最大化；C. enthusiasm 激情；D. challenge 挑战。but 引出的分句表示转折， 是说作者期待着更大的挑战。故选 D 项。 【25 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：把这新线路当作一项实验。A. as 作为；B. in 在里面；C. for 为了； D. during 在...期间。作者的妈妈想要作者去尝试，所以是把它当作实验。故选 A 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一个早晨，尼娜似乎不认为我能应对这个工作。A. refuse 拒绝； B. like 喜欢；C. seem 似乎是；D. need 需要。根据下文的 She acted as if it were a lot of trouble， 可知尼娜似乎不相信作者能胜任工作。故选 C 项。 【27 题详解】 考查连词义辨析。句意：她向我展示她如何卷起和包装报纸，好像这些报纸很麻烦似的。A. why 为什么；B. when 当；C. where 哪里；D. how 怎么样。根据上文 Nina didn't ___6___to think I could handle the route. 根据上文尼娜觉得我处理不好，所以这里向我展示如何去卷起和包装报纸。 故选 D 项。 【28 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 那个周末，背包里装满了星期天的报纸，尼娜看到我骑着自行车 在街上摇摇晃晃的。A. packed 包装的；B. crowded 拥挤的；C. tight 紧的；D. full 满的。根据 后文的 I lost my___10___ . I fell, spilling papers all over Travis Street.，可知此处报纸很多，所以 背包里装满了星期天的报纸。故选 D 项。 - 17 - 【29 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：那个周末，背包里装满了星期天的报纸，尼娜看到我骑着自行车 在街上摇摇晃晃的。A. confidently 自信地；B. suddenly 突然地；C. unsteadily 不稳定地；D. improperly 不恰当地。由后面 I lost my___10___ . I fell, spilling papers all over Travis Street.可知 作者自行车骑得不稳。故选 C 项。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我换挡时失去了平衡。我摔了一跤，把纸洒得特拉维斯大街到处 都是。A. heart 心脏；B. balance 平衡；C. face 面对；D. speed 加速。由后句我摔跤可以看出， 此处意思是失去平衡。故选 B 项。 【31 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她告诉我同样的事情也发生在她身上过。A. remarkable 卓越的； B. same 相同的；C. curious 好奇的；D. risky 冒险的。根据“thing had happened to her”可 知，此处说的是 Nina 也曾经历过同样的事。故选 B 项。 【32 题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：在我这次小事故之后，尼娜给我所需要的所有帮助。A. After 在… 之后；B. Around 在......周围；C. Without 没有；D. By 通过。此处说的是时间，意为“经历 过这次事故后。娜给我所需要的所有帮助。故选 A 项。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在后面的几周里，我学会了平衡载有很多报纸的自行车。A. coasted 滑行；B. hired 雇用；C. loaded 载有；D. mended 修补。根据上文可知，作者是骑自行车送报， 所以此处指的是载有很多报纸的自行车。故选 C 项。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我改进了投掷臂，习惯了狗叫声和天气的变化。A. walking 步行； B. feeding 喂；C. chewing 咀嚼；D. barking 吠。这里指的是作者送报途中，遇到的狗可能会对 她吠叫。故选 D 项。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我同样也学会了如何处理假期，新客户和集合物件。A. spend 花费； B. book 预订；C. take 拿走；D. handle 处理。此处的 handle 照应前文的 handling that paper route。同样也学会了如何处理假期，新客户和集合物件。故选 D 项。 - 18 - 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 L 5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On a two-acre field in England's Midlands Gavin and Alice harvest trees which they train ___36___(grow) into chairs. The couple have a furniture farm where they are nurturing 250 chairs, 100 lamps and 50 tables. It is their answer ___37___the inefficient and carbon-heavy process of cutting down mature trees to create furniture. Instead of growing a tree for 50 years and then cutting it down and making it into smaller and smaller bits, the idea is to grow the tree into the shape that you want ___38___ (direct). Part of the inspiration for the idea came ___39___Gavin was a young boy. He spotted an overgrown bonsai tree which ___40___ (look) like a chair. He was also born with a curved spine and as a child spent several years ___41___ (wear) a metal frame to reset his back. "The medical staff were just brilliant. The nurses and the doctors combined kindness and competence in a way that really, really impressed me. I wanted to combine care and competence and hopefully this is ___42___we're doing here,“ he said. Progress has been bumpy. One of their first attempts at a crop ended in disaster when it___43___(step) on by cows and eaten by rabbits. They have also had to discover the___44___ (effective) way to shape a tree without harming its growth. The couple has learned to guide shoots already heading in the right direction, rather than force shoots the wrong way against their will. The average chair takes six to nine years to grow—and another year to dry out. The longest commission the company has is for 2030. It is a chair for a customer's ____45____(retire). Ancient Romans, Chinese and Japanese are known to have shaped trees to customize their forms. Gavin and Alice hope to be harvesting annually by 2022. 【答案】36. to grow 37. to 38. directly 39. when 40. looked 41. wearing 42. what 43. was stepped 44. most effective - 19 - 45. retirement 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英格兰中部，加文和爱丽丝夫妇有一个家具农场，他们直 接让树长成家具的形状，以此保护环境，减少成年树木的砍伐。文章介绍了这一想法产生的 原因以及他们种植这些要长成家具的树木的经过。 【36 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在英格兰中部的一块两英亩的土地上，加文和爱丽丝收获了他们培 育成椅子的树木。分析句子结构可知 grow 在句中应用非谓语动词形式，根据短语 train…to do sth.，可知应填不定式作宾补。故填 to grow。 【37 题详解】 考查介词。句意：这是他们对砍伐成熟树木制作家具这一低效和高碳过程的回答。结合句意 表示“……的回答”短语为 the answer to。故填 to。 【38 题详解】 考查副词。句意：我们的想法是直接将树长成你想要的形状，而不是把一棵树种上 50 年，然 后把它砍倒，使它变得越来越小。修饰动词 grow 应用副词 directly，作状语。故填 directly。 【39 题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：这一想法的部分灵感来自加文小的时候。此处引导时间状语从句，表 示“当……时候”应用 when。故填 when。 【40 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他发现了一棵杂草丛生的盆景树，看起来像一把椅子。事情发生在过 去，应用一般过去时。故填 looked。 【41 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：他生来就有一个弯曲的脊椎，在孩童时期，他花了好几年的时间戴 一个金属框架来复位他的背部。结合句意表示“花费时间做某事”短语为 spend time （in） doing sth.。故填 wearing。 【42 题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：我想把关心和能力结合起来，希望这就是我们在这里所做的事情。此 处为表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的事情”应用 what 引导。故填 what。 【43 题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：他们第一次尝试种植作物，结果不幸被牛踩到，被兔子吃掉。 - 20 - 根据上文 ended 可知应用一般过去时，且从句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用一般过去 时的被动语态，主语为 it，谓语动词用单数。故填 was stepped。 【44 题详解】 考查最高级。句意：他们还必须找到在不损害树木生长的情况下塑造树木的最有效方法。根 据上文定冠词 the，以及句意“最有效”可知应填 effective 的最高级，在前面加 most。故填 most effective。 【45 题详解】 考查名词。句意：这是为一位顾客的退休生活准备的椅子。根据上文名词所有格 customer's 可 知应填名词 retirement，作宾语，此处指一位顾客的退休生活应用单数。故填 retirement。 第四部分写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15 分） 46. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你因新冠疫情无法按时参加赴英交换生的活动。请给项 目负责人写一封电子邮件致歉并说明理由。邮件的内容包括： 1.表达歉意； 2.说明理由； 3.提出补救方案。 注意： 1.词数 80 左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词：冠状病毒 coronavirus ；新冠疫情 the Covid-19 pandemic Dear Sir or Madam, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Sir or Madam, My name is Li Hua, studying at Hongxing High School. I'm really delighted to be invited to join - 21 - in the 2020 Exchange Student Program, but I'm terribly sorry that I can't make it. Please accept my heartfelt apology. The reason is that overseas travelling might increase the chance to infect the coronavirus which is affecting the whole globe and has taken the lives of so many people. My city is no exception. We have to minimize close human contact to contribute to the battle against the Cov-id-19 pandemic. Since the program will run until the end of the year, I wonder whether I could visit next term. Looking forward to hearing from you. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生项目负责人写一封电子邮件，因你新冠疫情无法按时参 加赴英交换生的活动，对此向他表达歉意并说明理由。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1.表达歉意； 2.说明理由； 3.提出补救方案。 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） delighted; join in; the 2020 Exchange Student Program; make it; heartfelt apology; coronavirus; exception; minimize; contribute to; battle against; the end of; look forward to 第三步：连词成句 1. My name is Li Hua, studying at Hongxing High School. 2. I'm really delighted to be invited to join in the 2020 Exchange Student Program, but I'm terribly sorry that I can't make it. 3. Please accept my heartfelt apology. - 22 - 4. The reason is that overseas travelling might increase the chance to infect the coronavirus which is affecting the whole globe and has taken the lives of so many people. 5. My city is no exception. 6. We have to minimize close human contact to contribute to the battle against the Cov-id-19 pandemic. 7. Since the program will run until the end of the year, I wonder whether I could visit next term. 8. Looking forward to hearing from you. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover（供参考） 2.表转折对比关系：but 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1] The reason is that overseas travelling might increase the chance to infect the coronavirus which is affecting the whole globe and has taken the lives of so many people. (运用了 that 引导表语从句，which 引导定语从句) [高分句型 2] Since the program will run until the end of the year, I wonder whether I could visit next term. (运用了 since 引导原因状语从句) 第二节（满分 25 分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写 的 词数应为 150 左右。 When life throws us a dirty curveball, it typically doesn't make any sense to us, and our natural emotional reaction might be to get extremely upset and scream at the top of our lungs. But how does this help our trouble? Obviously, it doesn't. This evening I met a friend at a local bar. She brought her brand-new laptop along so she could show me some of her latest digital art designs. As we chatted and scanned through her artwork, the laptop suddenly started making an unhealthy buzzing noise, then the screen flashed on and off and then cut off completely. And as we both stared at one another in confusion, the smell of fried computer circuits consumed our noses. The barkeeper and even some customers came up afterwards and asked what was wrong with the computer. I grabbed the laptop to inspect it and the problem instantly revealed itself. The bottom of the - 23 - laptop was wet and an empty, spilt water glass rested against the side of her purse just behind where the laptop was sitting. In the midst of us chatting and shifting the laptop's 17 inch screen back and forth, we somehow spilt a glass of water that the barkeeper had placed behind the screen by mistake, which was out of our view. This situation, running normal logic, the next thing would soon get into a heated argument over damage. When I glanced at my friend with a little bit of worry, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ The smartest, and oftentimes hardest, thing we can do in these kinds of situations is to be more sensible in our reactions. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1 : When I glanced at my friend with a little bit of worry, not sure what I was supposed to say to ease her mood. She raised her bent body , took a piece of tissue paper from the box, and while gazing sadly at the computer，still said very calmly—It was my fault. But just at that moment, the most unexpected thing happened. The bar keeper stepped out and said，“Please leave it with me and I'll fix it for you. ” Paragraph 2: The smartest, and often times hardest, thing we can do in these kinds of situations is to be more sensible in our reactions. To remember that losing temper only makes matters worse. Troubles are rarely as bad as they seem, and even when they are, they give us an opportunity to grow stronger. And once they pass, all we're left with are our unique experiences with each other and the lessons we've learned along the way. Life is unpredictable, but the choice is ours to make. 【解析】 - 24 - 【分析】 本文以朋友的笔记本电脑为线索展开，讲述了作者和朋友在酒吧的遭遇。因老板不小心在电 脑屏幕后放了杯水，结果在朋友移动电脑的时候，水洒了，电脑线路被烧坏了，正在朋友担 心会有一场有关损害激烈争论的时候，朋友和老板却冷静妥善地处理了问题。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当我有点担心地瞥了一眼我的朋友,”可知，第一段可描写朋友处理问 题的方式和经过及结果。 ②由第二段首句内容“在这种情况下，我们能做的最聪明，也是最艰难的事情就是在我们的 反应中更理智。”可知，第二段可描写作者对此事的感悟和评论。 2.续写线索：观看电脑——冷静——承认自己的过错——互相谅解——感悟——评论 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①观看电脑： stare at/watch/ gaze at ②.承认错误：It was my fault /My fault/I was so careless ③.互相谅解：forgive each other/understand one another 情绪类 ①.冷静：say very calmly / say peacefully/keep calm ②.明智：wise/smart/ sensible/clever 【点睛】 [高分句型 1]. When I glanced at my friend with a little bit of worry, not sure what I was supposed to say to ease her mood.（宾语从句的应用） [高分句型 2]. And once they pass, all we're left with are our unique experiences with each other and the lessons we've learned along the way.（定语从句的应用）