小学英语阅读理解高分技巧 (附阅读材料）

小学英语阅读理解高分技巧 (附阅读材料）

‎ 小学英语阅读理解高分技巧 ‎ 在考试中，阅读理解一直是家长和孩子比较关心的话题。究其原因，一方面是阅读理解题分值较高，是好的得分点也是孩子容易犯错的扣分点; 另一方面，阅读理解的出题面较广，学生在备考时不容易把握出题点和理解做题技巧。其实，小升初的阅读考试任其形式内容千变万化，也离不开其要考的基本做题技巧和方法。下面，我就以实际模考例题为例子，对小升初阅读理解的基本方法和技巧做个初步分析。孩子在考试时，对阅读理解首先要把基本的以下3点步骤和次序：‎ ‎1、在考试中(做阅读时)解题需要三个步骤，分别是：读问题; 读原文; 挑选项。‎ ‎2、重要性依次是：读问题 →挑选项→读原文。‎ ‎3、考试时操作的顺序是：先读问题，再读原文，最后挑选项。‎ 以下依次讲解每个步骤的操作方法：‎ 一、读问题(做阅读最重要的一个步骤。如果连问题都读不懂，肯定做不对题)‎ 把问题分为两类：‎ 1、 需要记住的问题：凡是问题中涉及到原文具体内容信息的问题，记住问题中的原文信息;重点放在记时间，地点，大写的词或者名词上 (原因：名词在文中不容易改变)。要记的信息，能读懂的尽量读懂，实在读不懂的记长相，记中文就可以。记信息的目的是为一会儿读原文做准备(读原文时主要 的目的在于找出问题中记住的内容信息，对应处即为问题答案所在位置)，并且在读文章前先对文章内容有一个大概的了解。‎ 2、 不需要记住的问题：问题中没有涉及到原文具体内容的(换句话说就是不能用原文中某一处信息作答的题目)此类的问题有：主旨题(main idea)，中心思想题(From the text, we can learn that..),作者态度题(The writer wants to tell us...)和判断对错题。针对此类问题，读文章前，重点放在含有原文内容信息的题目上，一会儿做题时也是先做划的题目，再做不划的题目。‎ 二、读原文 ‎1、读原文的主要目的：划出解题所需要的内容信息，包括：刚才读问题时脑中记的原文信息(把问题中所问的东西在文中找出来);转折词: but, however, although, though;重点强调的词或是绝对化的词：none, only, all, everything, must, always;数字及序数词。读出整篇文章的大概方向及围绕着什么东西说的。‎ ‎2、开始读文章 读文章总则：从头到尾读，读时脑中反映中文意思，但是按照英文单词出现顺序接受信息。读的重点放在文章的段首句，转折句和整篇文章的最后几句。‎ 三、解题 ‎1、先做文中划出对映信息的题目 第一步：关注问题问的是什么? (问什么答什么)‎ 第二步：精确答案所在位置(在读原文时中，我们已经在原文中划出问题中出现的具体内容。但划的那句话一定就是答案吗?不一定。50%题目答案出在所划定的那句里，但不是所有的情况都是这样。因此，文章中划的地方表明答案就在附近，但不一定就是划的那句)。‎ 第三步：根据找到的精确信息为依据，看四个选项哪个和精确信息最像，选哪个。‎ ‎2、做完所有的划出对映信息的题目后，再做不划的题目 ‎3、选择答案的思路--答案是比出来的 每道题都要把四个选项通过对比得到答案。答案没有对的，只有更好的。(抛开对不对的判断思路，是因为不求知道答案之所以对的原因，选一个答案只是因为它比其他的三个更好)‎ ‎4、考场上的解题思路 ‎(1)做题时一定要客观，不能主观;判断选项时，所有的判断依据都来自原文，千万不要加入自己的想法和判断。文章说什么就是什么。‎ ‎(2)除非文章中作者有明显的绝对化的观点出现，否则选项中一旦出现绝对化的修饰词立刻排除(all, none, everything/one, must, only，never，usually, always)‎ 下面是一篇典型的小升初考试阅读理解，请同学们按照以上讲的方法试着在15分钟完成这篇阅读，再对答案，看看自己做得怎么样。‎ ‎ (A)‎ ‎ One day a large rock (岩石) fell down from a mountain. The rock rolled (滚) down and stopped in the middle of a road in a village. It was like a big ball.‎ Some of the strongest men in the village tried to lift the rock. They did their best but they couldn't move it away. They tried to push it, they tired to roll it, they tried to pull it with ropes, but nothing worked. "Well," they agreed, "there's nothing we can do about it. We'll have to build another road." ‎ ‎ At the time a young boy about 12 years old was standing by. "Excuse me," he said, "but I think I can help you move the rock." "You?" they shouted. "What are you talking about? All of us have just tried, and even together we can't move it at all." The men all laughed at the boy.‎ ‎ The next morning some people came into the road. One of them shouted, "The rock is gone." More people ran out into the road to see for them-selves. It was true. The rock wasn't on the road any more. It wasn't even near the road. In fact, no one could see the rock anywhere.‎ ‎ "This is impossible." they said. "Where has it gone?" The twelve-year-old boy stood out, smiling. "I told you I could move it," he said. "I did it last night. You see," he said. "I dug a deep hole next to the rock and the rock rolled down into the hole by itself. Then I covered it with the earth."‎ ‎1. What happened in the village one day? ________ fell down from the mountain.‎ A. A little boy B. A big rock C. The strongest men D. Some people ‎2. The strongest men in the village could do nothing about the rock because ________.‎ A. they were lazy B. they were strong enough C. the rock was too big D. they thought someone else could ‎3. When the villagers heard the boy's words, they felt ________.‎ A. happy B. sad C. surprised D. afraid ‎4. The next morning, the people in the village found ________.‎ A. the boy lost B. no rock on the road C. the rock was still there D. the boy was digging a hole ‎5. From the story, we know that sometimes children are ________ than men.‎ A. stronger B. cleverer C. more interesting D. more careful 答案：B C C B B