2016中考新目标英语八年级上册知识点总结

2016中考新目标英语八年级上册知识点总结

‎2013新版八年级上册1-10分单元知识点归类总结 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 第一单元主要知识点： 一、词组、短语 1. go on vacation去度假 ， 2. stay at home 呆在家， 3. go to the mountains 上山/进山 ， 4. go to the beach到海边去， 5. visit museums 参观博物馆， 6. go to summer camp 去夏令营， 7. quite a few 相当多， 8. study for为……学习， 9. go out 出去， 10. most of the time 大部分时间/绝大多数时间， 11. taste good 尝起来味道好， 12. have a good time玩的开心， 13. of course当然可以， 14. feel like感觉像……/想要, 15. go shopping购物， 16. in the past 在过去， 17. walk around绕……走， 18. too many 太多（可数名词前面）， 19. because of 因为， 20. one bowl of 一碗……, 21. find out 查出来/发现 ， 22. go on继续， 23. take photos 照相， 24. something important重要的事情， 25. up and down上上下下， 26. come up出来 　　 二、重要句子（语法）： 1. Where did you go on vacation? 你到哪里去度假了？ I went to New York City. 我去了纽约城 2. Did you go out with anyone? 你出去带人吗？ No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.‎ 不，没有人在这儿大家度去度假了。 3. Did you buy anything special? 你买了什么特别的东西吗？ Yes, I bought something for my father. 对，我给父亲买了一些东西。 4. How was the food? 食物怎么样？ 5. Everything tasted really good. 每一样东西真的都好吃。 6. Did everyone have a good time? 大家玩的开心吗？ Oh, yes. Everything was excellent. 对，一切都很精彩。‎ 三、习惯用法、搭配 1. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 2. taste + adj. 尝起来…… 3. nothing ….but + V.(原形) 除了……之外什么都没有 4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到达某地 6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事 / try to do sth. 尽力做某事 8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事 10. start doing sth. 开始做某事 ‎ ‎11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事 12. look + adj 看起来 13. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 14. Why not do sth. 为什么不做…….呢？ 15. so + adj + that + 从句 如此……以至于…… 16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不要） 做某事 17. keep doing sth. 继续做某事/一直做某事 18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 四、词语辨析：‎ ‎1)something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代词。 somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，no one, everybody， everyone是指人的不定代词。 somewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地点的不定副词。 2）当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时，放于其后； something special; somewhere wonderful. 3）不定代词、不定副词做主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数。如：Is everybody here? 大家都到齐了吗？ 4）something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如： Did you do anything interesting? 你做了有趣的事吗？（表疑问） Why don’t you visit someone with me? 你为什么不跟我一起去拜访下某个人呢？（表建议） If anything happens, please tell me. 如果有事情发生，请告诉我。‎ 辨析： 1. get to/reach/arrive 都是“到达“的意思 get to+地点=reach+地点= arrive at+地点（小）=arrive in+地点（大） 注意：若他们后面要加地点副词here, there, home等，则不需要加介词。‎ ‎(注：地点副词home，here，there前介词省略） 2. nothing...but do sth.意为“除......之外； 只有”，如： I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看电视什么也没干。‎ ‎ 3. feel like 意为：“感受到；摸起来”，后跟宾语从句或名词。如： I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我是一只鸟。 ‎ It feels like a stone. 它摸起来像一块石头。 另外，构成短语 feel like doing sth.意为“想做某事”。‎ 如：I feel like eating.我想吃东西。 4. enjoy doing sth . 喜欢做…;乐意做… enjoy oneself 过得愉快 =have fun/have a good time. 5.I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道过去这里的生活是什么样的 wonder (1) n. 奇迹；令人惊讶的事情 如：No wonder! 难怪；不足为奇！‎ ‎(2) v. 惊讶 如：wonder at sth. ; wonder to do sth. 感到疑惑；想知道 如：I wonder where they are going. ‎ ‎ I wonder if he is at school.‎ ‎6.few与little 的区别： few,否定含义，很少，修饰可数名词 a few，肯定含义，一些，修饰可数名词 little， 否定含义，很少，修饰不可数名词 a little，肯定含义，一些，修饰不可数名词 辨析 quite a few与quite a little quite a few 意为“很多;不少”，修饰可数名词复数； quite a little 意为“很多;不少”，修饰不可数名词。 a. He stays here for _____ _____ _____days. b.There is _____ _____ _____water in the bottle(瓶子). 7. Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然没有人感到烦闷。 1）seem意为“好像；似乎；看来”，是个连系动词，构成的短语有：‎ seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如： They seem to wait for you.. 他们似乎在等你。seem（to be）+adj. 似乎...... ‎ 如：He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday.昨天他似乎病了。 It seems that + 从句 似乎...... ‎ 如： It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。 其他的系动词有：be ; feel(觉得）; keep（保持）; stay（保持）;look（看来...）; smell（闻起来）sound（听起来……）taste（尝起来……） 2） bored (adj)，意为“感到厌倦的、无聊的”,其主语是某人； boring(adj)，意为“令人厌倦的、无聊的”其主语是某物。‎ ‎ 如：I got bored with the boring work. 我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。 相类似的词语还有： interested/ tired/ excited/ amazed/surprised interesting/ tiring/ exciting/ amazing/surprising 辨析：bring与take bring意为“带来；拿来”， 指从别处带到说话者所在地。 take意为“拿走；带走”， 指从说话者所在地带到别处去。‎ ‎8. decide（v）决定 decide to (not) do sth. = make a decision (not) to do sth. decision(n) decide on doing sth. 决定做某事 如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已经决定去北京。 9. Because of the bad weather, we couldn’t see anything below. ‎ ‎ 1） because of + 名词/代词/名短 ‎ 例如：I had to move because of my job. 因为工作的原因 because +从句 如：I do it because I like it. 我做这件事是因为我喜欢 2）below意为“在......下面;低于”，其反义词为 above，意为“在......上 ‎10.enough 1) 形容词/副词＋enough 如：wet/quietly enough　足够漂亮 enough ＋名词　如：enough umbrellas 足够的雨伞 2) (形/副)＋enough+ (名) to do sth. 　足够…去做…　 如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 She is not old enough to go to school. 她年龄不够，不能去上学。 同义句： She is too young to go to school. (too… to… :太… 而不能…) She is so young that she can’t go to school. most of the time意为“大部分时间”，其中most为代词，意为“大部分；大多数”。 拓展most of…意为“……中的大多数”，它作主语时，谓语动词取决于most of后所修饰的名词。 a. Most of us___are__(be)going to the park. 我们大多数人要去公园。 b. Most of the food__goes___(go)bad. 大部分的食物都变质了。‎ ‎11.如此…以致于（结果）My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. 我的双腿太累了以至于我都想停下来。（P8） so+形/副+that 从句：She is so popular that everyone likes her. such+名短+ that 从句：She is such a popular girl that everyone likes her.‎ So+形容词+a/ an+单数名词=such+a/ an+形容词+单数名词 例：so long a ruler= such a long ruler So+many/ few+复数名词，so+much/ little+不可数名词 Such+其他形容词+复数名词或不可数名词 例如：so many books, so little food, such nice pictures 1). He is ____lovely a boy____we love him very much. 2). The little boy is __ young that he can’t go to school. 12. so that 从句：以便（目的）,引导目的状语从句 如：He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus. 13.My classmates told me to keep going, so I went on. ‎ 我的同学告诉我坚持往前走，因此我便继续前进了（P8） 1）tell sb. (not)to do sth. 意为“告诉某人（不要）做某事。 The teacher ______ ______ ______ ______ the window just now. ‎ 老师刚才告诉我们擦窗户。 2）keep doing sth. 意为“继续做某事，一直做某事”。 She______ ______ TV for two hours last night. 昨晚她持续看了两个小时的电14．What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异多大啊！常用的感叹句的结构： 1）What +adj.+ 复数名词 / 不可数名词+主语+谓语！ 2）What +a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！ 3）How +adj. +a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！ 4）How+adj./adv. +主语+谓语！ 区别要领：形容词后直接加名词为what感叹句，否则为how感叹句 eg: ‎ ‎1.What an interesting book it is! = How interesting a book is! ‎ 那本书多么有趣啊！ 2.____a clever girl she is! A.Who B.What C.How D.Where 3. _____clever a girl she is! A.Who B.What C.How D.Where 4._____important jobs they did! A.What B.Who C.How D.Where 5._____sweet water it is! A.Who B.What C.Where D. How 6._____interesting the dog is! A.Who B.What C. Where D. How 建议的句式： ‎ ① What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping?‎ ② Why don’t you + do sth.? 如：Why don’t you go shopping?‎ ‎③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let’s + do sth. 如： Let’s go shopping 应答语：接受：Certainly,Sure, /Yes, I'd love to. Why not? Good idea! /Sure! OK!/ All right! Great!/That's great./Sounds great. 拒绝： I'd love to.But.... I'm sorry. I'm afraid not . I'm afraid I can't . Sorry,I can't . 15.反身代词：‎ myself , ourselves, yourself , yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves. 作动词或介词的宾语：经常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, dress, kill等动词和by, for, to, of等介词后作宾语。‎ He is teaching himself English. 她在自学英语。 She was talking to herself. 她自言自语。 He lives by himself in the country. 他独自住在乡下。 1) Help yourself! 请随便吃吧！ /请自己去取吧! 2) Make yourself at home! 别客气！ 3) make yourself heard /understood. 使你的话被人听得见/理解 4) teach oneself 自学=learn by oneself 5) by oneself 独自 6) for oneself 为自己；替自己 7) enjoy oneself 玩的愉快 8) dress oneself 给自己穿衣 16.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 因为人太多，所以我们等了一个多小时的火车。（P5） 1）wait for意为“等候”，其后可接人或物。 Tom was waiting for a bus over there. 2）over介词，意为“多于；超过” ，相当于more than。 Eg : My father is over 40 years old. There are over eight hundred students in our school. 3) too many意为“太多”，其后接可数名词复数。 ‎ He always has too many questions to ask me. 辨析：too many + 可数名词复数 意为“太多... ”‎ ‎ too much + 不可数名词 意为“太多... ” much too + 形容词 意为“太... ” eg：I have too much homework to do today. Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 一、词组、短语： 1. help with housework 帮助做家务活， 2. go shopping 购物， 3. at/ on weekends 在周末， 4. how often 多久一次， 5. hardly ever 几乎不， 6. once a week 每周一次， 7. twice a month 每月二次， 8. go to the movies 去看电影， 9. every day 每天， 10. use the Internet 上网/用网， 11. be free 有空， 12. have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈钢琴课 ， 13. swing dance 摇摆舞 14. play tennis 打网球， 15. stay up late 熬夜， 16. at least 至少， 17. go to bed early 早睡， 18. play sports 锻炼身体， 19. be good for 对…有好处， 20. go camping 去野营， 21. in one’s free time 在某人的空闲时间， 22. no…at all 根本不， 23. the most popular 最流行， 24. such as 例如， 25. go to the dentist 去看牙医， 26. more than 超过/多于， 27. Old habits die hard. 旧习惯难改。 28. hard=difficult 困难的 ， 29. less than 少于/不到 二、重要句子（语法）： 1. What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末通常做什么？ ‎ I always exercise. 我总是锻炼身体。 2. What do they do on weekends? 他们周末干什么？ They often help with housework. 他们经常帮助干家务活。 3. What does she do on weekends? 她周末干什么？ She sometimes goes shopping. 她有时购物。 4. How often do you go to the movies? 你多久看电影一次？ I go to the movies maybe once a month. 可能一个月看一次。 ‎ ‎5. How often does he watch TV? 他多久看电视一次？ He hardly ever watches TV. 他几乎不看电视。 6. Do you go shopping? 你购物吗？ No, I never go shopping. 不，我从来就不购物 三、习惯用法、搭配 1. help sb. with sth 帮助某人做某事 2. How about…? =What about…? ….怎么样？/ ….好不好？ 3. want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 4. How many + 可数名词复数+ 一般疑问句 ….有多少….. 5. 主语+ find+ that 从句 …发现… 6. It’s + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是….的 7. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光 8. ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 9. by doing sth. 通过做某事 10. What’s your favorite…? 你最喜欢的……是什么？ 11. start doing sth. 开始做某事 12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式 四、词语辨析 1. exercise （v/n）的用法 1）（动）:锻炼. 如： He exercises every day. 2) (可数名词)“...操;练习”. ‎ 如：do morning/ eye exercises; do math exercises 3).(不可数名词):“锻炼;运动”讲：如： We often do / take exercise on weekends. 2.辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some time sometimes 有时候。=at times也是“有时”的意思。提问用how often some times 几次。time作可数名词时可作“次数”解；表示“时间”时是不可数名词。How many times sometime 某个时候。可指将来的某个时候。提问用when some time 一段时间。常与for连用。对它提问用how long 。 口诀记忆：分开“一段时间” ；相聚“某个时候”。 Eg：Sometimes I get up very late. 有时我起床很晚。 I will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某个时候我要去上海。 He reads the story some times. 他读这个故事几遍了。 I’ll stay here for some time. 我将会在这儿呆一段时间。 练习： ① We plan to stay in Hainan for . . 我们打算在海南呆一段时间。 ② I am sure that we have met _____ before. ‎ 我肯定我们之前见过几次了。 ③ I _____________ have letters from him. 有时我会收到他的来信。 3. hardly ever 几乎不 hardly ever相当于hardly ‎ ‎ eg：There is hardly any food left. 几乎没有食物剩下。 辨析：hardly ‎ 与hard hardly 几乎不，一般位于行为动词之前be动词之后。 ‎ hard 形容词/副词， 努力，位于动词之后。 eg：He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。 He works hard. 他工作努力。艰苦，hard work ‎4.辨析：maybe 和may be maybe (adv): 也许，大概 （一般放句首），在句中是放在be动词后，行为动词之前。 ‎ ‎ 例：(Maybe) he (maybe) knows it. may + v(原)：也许是，大概是 “情态动词+be动词”结构。（位于句中） He may know it. 如：Maybe he is at home.= He is maybe at home.= He may be at home. 1. Lily an English teacher. ‎ Lily可能是一名英语老师。 =________________________________________ 5.how often 表示“多久一次”，是对动作的频率进行提问。其通常回答有：‎ 1） 频率副词： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never ‎2）次数＋时间段: 如：once or twice a week 3）every ＋时间段: every four years 每四年一次 every day (每天) 区别：everyday（每天的；日常的） 注意：表示“一次或两次”时，一般用once和twice表示。‎ 如：once a month(一个月一次) 而表示“三次或以上”时，则用“数词＋times”结构。‎ 如：five times a year (一年五次) 拓展：由how构成的疑问词组的用法 1）how many+ 可数名词复数 如：how many programs 2）how much+不可数名词。 如：how much coffee 但how much=what’s the price of..? 还有“多少钱”的意思 如：How much are those pants? 3)how many times: “多少次”. 其答语表示次数。如：once ,twice，three times等 4) How old...? 询问年龄 如：How old are you? I am five. 5）多久(时间) 常用 for two days，for three hours等回答。 多长（某物的长度） 如：---How long is the river? --- 10 kms. 6)how soon 用来询问过多久，多久以后，其答语是in+一段时间，与将来时态连用 如：How soon wil he come back？ In an hour。 6.full 1）“满的；饱的” …be full of…‎ 例如 : The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里装满了水。 2）.“忙的”=busy He had a full life ‎ surprise 1). be surprised at sth. 对… 感到意外 2).(v.) 使惊奇、意外： be surprised to do sth. 惊讶做某事 3).be surprised that + 从句 如：I was surprised at the news = I was surprised to hear the news. ‎ ‎7.twenty percent students don’t exercise at all. …百分之20的学生根本不锻炼。 ①. 百分数由percent来表示，构成：基数词+percent ,谓语动词由of后名词决定。 Eg：Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games. ‎ 男生中70%喜欢完电脑游戏。‎ Sixty percent of the water is clean. ② not... at all 意为“一点儿也不，根本不”。 Eg：I don’t know about it at all. 对那件事我一点也不知道。 拓展：Not at all = you are welcome 意为“不用谢，不客气”。 Eg：--Thank you for your help. --Not at all. 8.Although many students like to watch sports，game shows are the most popular. 尽管许多学生喜欢看运动类节目，但游戏类节目是最受欢迎的。 although 连词。意为“虽然，尽管”。but 意为“但是”。英语中，although与but不能同时使用。 Eg：Although it rained，the boys still played outside. = It rained，but the boys still played outside. ‎ ‎ 尽管天下雨了，但男孩们仍在外面玩耍。 1. My cousin knows a lot about geography，______ he is only four years old. A. because B. so C. although 9.She says it’s good for my health. 她说那对我的健康有益。 （1）be good for：“对……有好处”。 如：Doing exercise is good for our health. （2）be good at：“擅长于……” 如：He is good at playing football. (3) be good with: “与……相处好” 如： The teacher is good with his students. 10.It’s good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows. 1).by+doing He learns English by singing English songs. 2).通过… 方式 He went home by bus.= He went home on the bus= He took the bus home. 区别：through 通过… 方式+名词：The best way to relax is through exercise. （从…里面）穿过： Climb through the window. 注意： 横过（从物体的表面一边到另一边用across）如： walk across the street. 10. such as =like + 名短： 如： such as winning the game. for example + 句子： 如：It’s healthy for the mind and the body.‎ ‎11.spend度过（时间） 如：spend the weekend with family 花费（时间、钱） 如：He spent 20 yuan (in) buying the magazine.‎ 同义句： He spent 20 yuan on the magazine. He paid 20 yuan for the magazine. The magazine cost him 20 yuan. 重点：①sb spend timemoney on sth. 在......上花费时间或金钱 He didn’t spend much time on his homework. 他没在作业方面花很多时间。 I spend 200 yuan on a new coat. ② sb spend timemoney （in） doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事 Don’t spend too much time watching TV. 不要花费太多时间看电视。 He always spends his time playing football. Eg: I enjoy playing computer games,but I can’t too much time ‎ ‎ that. A.take, doing B.spend, doing C.spend, for doing D.take, to do spend time with sb 花费时间和某人在一起 区别：take: It takes sb some time to do sth.花费某人某段时间做某事。‎ ‎ Pay: sb pay some money for sth某人为某物付了某些金钱（知道钱的数目）‎ Sb pay for sth 某人为某物而付款（不知道付了多少钱）‎ Sth cost sb some money 某物花费某人某些金钱 例： It took me half hour to get home last night.‎ ‎ He has paid for the book.‎ ‎ The book cost him five dollars.‎ ‎12. but和however but 并列连词 “然而，但是”。 可直接连接前后两个句子，表转折关系。 However 副词 “然而，但是”。 不能直接连接句子，必须用逗号与句子隔开。 Eg:1.It began to rain, , we went out to look for the boy. ‎ 天开始下雨了，但我们还是出去寻找那个男孩了。 2. It's a sunny morning， very cold. ‎ 这是个晴朗的早晨，但是却很冷。 13.afraid 意为“担心的，害怕的”。 ①.be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 ‎ ‎ Eg：I am afraid to travel by plane. 我害怕乘飞机旅行。 ②.be afraid of sb. sth. 害怕某人某物 be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事 ‎ ‎ Eg：She is afraid of the dog. 她害怕那只狗。 be afraid of asking questions. 不要怕问问题。 be afraid to do sth.= _______________ 害怕做某 ‎13. 1）find + 宾语 +名词, 例 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy. 2）find + 宾语 + 形容词， 例： He found the room dirty. 3）find + 宾语 + 现在分词 发现某人正在做某事 ‎ 例 ： I found her standing at the door. 4）find +it +形容词+to do sth. ‎ I found it difficult to work out this math problem . Unit3 I’m more outgoing than my sister 一、词组、短语： 1. more outgoing 更外向/更开朗， 2. as...as... 与……一样，not as/so...as.... (肯定后者，否定前者) 与.....不一样 3. the singing competition 歌咏比赛， 4. the most important 最重要的， 5. be talented in music 在音乐方面有天赋， 6. the same as 与……相同 7. care about 关心/留意/关注， 8. be different from 与…不同， 9. be like a mirror 像一面镜子， 10.a piece of information ‎ ‎ 一则信息 11. have...in common 有共同特征 13 as long as 只要（主将从现） 14. bring out 显示/显出/生产/带来， 15. get better grades 取得更好成绩， 16. reach for 伸手达到/达到 17. touch one’s heart 感动， 18. in fact 事实上， 19. make friends 交朋友， 20. be good at 在某方面成绩好， 21. the other 另一个， 22. be similar to 对…熟悉， 23. be good with 与…和睦相处 24. primary school students 小学生 25. call for more information 打电话询问更多信息 26.make sb laugh 让某人发笑 27.make sb do sth 让某人做某事 28.be like a mirror 像一面镜子 二、重要句子：‎ ‎1. Sam has longer hair than Tom. 萨姆的头发比汤姆的长。 2. She also sings more loudly than Tara. 她唱歌也比泰拉声音大。 3. Nelly sang so well. 内莉唱得如此好。 4. For me, a good friend likes to do the same things as me.‎ 对于我来说，好朋友喜欢跟我做相同的事情。 5. Who is smarter, your mother or your father ? ‎ 谁更聪明，你妈妈还是你爸爸？ 6. It’s not necessary to be the same. 没有必要相同。 7. I think a good friend makes me laugh. 我认为好朋友会让我笑。 8. Molly studies harder than her best friend. ‎ 莫莉比她更好的朋友学习更努力。 9. My mother told me a good friend is like a mirror.‎ 我妈妈告诉我好朋友就像一面镜子。 10. So we enjoy studying together. 因此我们喜欢在一起学习。 11. So it’s not easy for me to make friends. 因此对我来说交朋友不容易。 12. We both like sports. 我们两个都喜欢运动。 13. My best friend helps to bring out the best in me.‎ 我最好的朋友帮我把最好的方面发掘出来。 14. Larry is much less hard-working, so I always get better grades.‎ 拉里不如我用功，因此我总是取得更好的成绩。 15. Huang Lei isn’t as good at tennis as Larry. 黄磊不如拉里擅长网球。 16.I’m shy so it’s not easy for me to make friends. 三、习惯用法、搭配 1. have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣 2. want to do sth. ‎ 想要做某事 3. as + 形容词或副词的原级 + as 与…一样… 4. be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 5. make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 6. It’s+ 形容词 + for sb. to do sth.. 对某人来说，做某事是……的 7.人 + spend +金钱/时间 on sth 人 + pay + 金钱 + for sth 形容词和副词的比较级: 形容词和副词比较级和最高级规则变化，构成方法：‎ 单音节词和部分双音节词 一般在词尾加-er或-est short—shorter— ‎ 以不发音的e结尾，加-r或-st late—later—latest ‎ 重读闭音节词词尾只有一个辅音字母时 先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est ‎ hot— —hottest，big—bigger— ，thin— —thinnest，fat—fatter— ‎ 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词 先把“y”改为“i”，再加 -er或-est ‎ funny— —funniest，‎ easy—easier— 或 early— —earliest ‎ 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most； ‎ beautiful—more beautiful— ‎ outgoing— —most outgoing ‎4）不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good（好的）well（健康的）‎ better best bad（坏的）ill（有病的）‎ worse worst old（老的）‎ older/elder oldest/eldest much/many（多的）‎ more most little（少的）‎ less least far（远的）‎ farther/further farthest/furthest ‎1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级：‎ 原级、比较级、最高级: good – better – best ‎2. 比较级：表示两者(人或物)之间的比较。 3最高级，表示“最……”的意思（三者或三者以上作比较），形容词最高级前面一般要加 定冠词the，后面可带in（of）短语来表示比较的范围。 4. 加more/most ~的情况：①.部分双音节和多音节词； ②.-ed/ing结尾的形容词；例：tired—more tired ③ly的副词 ‎. 二．比较级基本句型： ↗连系动词+ adj.（比） 如： Lucy is slower than Lily. 1．主语+谓语动词+adj./adv（比）+ than+ 对比成分 ↘实义动词+ adv.（比）如：Lucy runs more slowly than Lily. 2. 主语必须与对比成分保持一致：‎ Her hair is longer than yours.(→your hair) as+adj./adv.(原级)+as …: “如同…一样…” 否定：… not as/so+adj./adv.(原级)+as …: “不如……一样……”3．比较级＋and＋比较级：越来越…… ‎ ‎ e.g. They talked more and more loudly. 4. The比较级…,the＋比较级…：越…就越… ‎ 例：The more exercise you do, the stronger you’ll be. 5. “Which / Who is + 比较级， A or B？” ‎ e.g. Which T-shirt is nicer, this one or that one? 6. the+比较级+of the（ two ） : 两者中较…的一个 （形容词比较级唯一加the的情况） 例：Of the twins, she was the more hard-working . 7. My best friend helps to brings out the best in me. ‎ 我最好的朋友帮我激发出我最好的品质. bring out 使显现；使表现出： The dress brings out the color of her skin. 生产；出版： The factory brings out a new kind of car. bring out the best/worst in sb. 激发出某人最好/最差的品质. 8. 常用the one代单数可数名词,the ones /those 代替复数名词,that 代替不可数名词. e.g. The book here is newer than the one/ on the desk． The apples on the tree are fresher than those/the ones in the box. The weather in Wuhan is hotter than that in Beijing. 9. 比较级前可用“数词+名词” 表示确定的度量。 e.g. I am (5 years) older than him．‎ The room is (3 times) as large as that one. 注意：1. 原级常与very, as，so, too, quite，pretty, really ,much too等连用。 2. 比较级常与much, even, far, than, a little, a bit, a lot 等连用. 3. Than 后的比较状语结构: e.g. He runs faster than me/ I (do). 10. You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win, though. ‎ 然而，你能看得出丽莎真的想赢。 1). tell 讲述： tell a story/lie/joke. 讲故事/说谎/讲笑话 告诉 ：tell sb. sth.(不能为it/them)= tell sth. to sb. ; tell sb. (not) to do sth. 辨别；识别： Can you tell the differences between the twins? 2).though意为“然而；但是”，表示转折关系， 常放于句尾，用逗号隔开，而however可位于句首、句中或句末，常用逗号隔开。 However，You can tell that Lisa really wanted to win 11. I think friends are like books--- you don’t need a lot of them as long as they’re good. 我认为朋友就像书---你不需要很多，只要好 就行。 ‎ ‎ look like : 看起来像（外貌） She is pretty tall. be like: 像（性格，外貌） He is outgoing/ serious. You are both too young. They both speak English. Both of …+名词复数 ‎ ‎ 如： Both of the flowers are beautiful. 两朵花都很漂亮。 both…and…两者都…… 反义词组：neither…nor…两者都不…… 注意：all：都（三者或三者以上）; either:两者中任一个；every：每个（三者或三者以上） 12. A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart. 一个真正的朋友（在你需要帮助的时候）向你伸出手，触动你的心弦。 伸手去拿： reach ( out one’s hand) for sth. 与…取得联系：How can I reach you? 延伸：The forest reaches as far as the river. 森林延伸到河边。 到达： reach /arrive at /get to the school ‎ ‎13. I know she cares about me because she’s always there to listen (to me). 我知道她关心我，因为她随时都能够听我倾诉。‎ Be there for sb. 随叫随到；不离左右 ‎ 如：Parents are always there for children. be there to do sth. 随时准备帮助 ‎ ‎ 如：She is there to work out the problem. (‎ touch :1) 接触；触摸：Don’t touch the paint! 请勿触油漆! 2)接触；联系: keep in /lose touch with sb. 与...保持/失去联系 get in touch with sb. 与...取得联系 14. She made me laugh and feel better. ‎ ‎ ( laugh at sb. 笑话；取笑某人) make/let /have sb. do sth.= get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事 make+宾语+形容词: 使某人/事怎样 如： His words make us happy. 15. It’s not easy for me to make friends. ‎ ‎(make friends with sb. 与...交朋友) It’s+adj.+ for sb.+ to do sth.: 某人做某事怎么样. (It是形式主语，to do sth.是真正主语,当形容词为表示人的品德的词如nice, kind, good时用of) ‎ 例1：It’s important for me to learn English well.‎ 例2： It’s so kind of you to help me. Unit 4 What’s the best movie theater ?‎ 一、词组、短语： 1. movie theater 电影院 2. close to… 离……近 3. clothes store 服装店 4. in town 在镇上 5. so far 到目前为止 6. 10 minutes by bus 坐公共汽车10分钟的路程 7. talent show 才艺表演 ‎ ‎8. in common 共同；共有 9. around the world 世界各地；全世界 10. more and more…… 越来越…… 11. and so on 等等 12. all kinds of… … 各种各样的 13. be up to 是……的职责；由……决定 14. not everybody 并不是每个人 15. play a role in doing sth … 在……方面发挥作用/有影响 16. for example 例如 17. take…seriously 认真对待 18. give sb. sth . 给某人某物 19. come true （梦想、希望）实现；达到 20.one of+可数名词的复数 ……之一 21.welcome to sp. 欢迎到… 22.without +n/pron/doing 没有.... 25. around here=in here=in the neighborhood 在附近 26. close to home 离家近 27. make up 编造（故事、谎言等）‎ 二、重要句子（语法）‎ 1. What’s the best movie theater to go to? 去什么影院最好?‎ 2. Which is the worst clothes store in town? ‎ 哪个是镇上最差的服装店？‎ 3. What do you think of 970 AM? 你觉得770AM怎么样？‎ 4. How far is it from your home ? 10 minutes by bus.‎ 它离你家有多远？坐公交车十分钟。‎ 5. It has the most comfortable seats. 它有最舒服的座位。‎ 6. The DJs choose songs the most carefully.‎ 那些音乐节目主持人们选择歌曲最细致。‎ 7. Thanks for telling me. 多谢你告诉我。‎ 8. Can I ask you some questions?？ 我能问你一些问题吗 9. Who is the best performer? 谁是最好的表演者。‎ 10. ‎ It’s always interesting to watch other people show their talents.‎ 观看别人展示他们的才艺总是很有趣。‎ 11. All these shows have one thing in common.‎ 所有这些节目有一个共同之处。‎ 12. That’s up to you to decide. 这由你来决定。‎ 13. However, and everybody enjoys watching these shows.然而，并不是所有的人都喜欢看这些节目。‎ 三、习惯用法、搭配 1、Can I ask you some……. 2、How do you like……. 你认为……怎么样 3、Thanks for doing sth. 4、What do you think of …….. 5、much + 形容词或副词比较级 …….得 多 6、watch sb do sth 观看某人做某事 7、play a role in doing sth.发挥做某事的作用 8、one of +可数名词复数 …..之一…… 形容词和副词的最高级 一、含义 1. 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级: badly – worse - worst 2. 最高级：表示三者或三者以上(人或物)之间的比较。 二．最高级基本句型结构 ↗ 系动词+ the+adj.(最) of + 同类 ( of all/us..) 1. 主语 + 谓语动词 + the + adj./adv.(最) + ↘ 实义动词+ (the)+ adv.(最） in + 范围 (in China./our class...) 如：Tara is the youngest of all. Linda draws (the) most carefully in her class. 注：1. 副词的最高级前可省略 “the”：‎ 如：sit (the) most comfortably 坐得最舒适 2. 最高级前名词所有格或物主代词时，不加“the”： my best friend 3. Which / Who …+the + 最高级…, A, B or C ? e.g. Which do you like (the) best, apples, pears or oranges? 4. one of +the +最高级（形）+名（复）： “最…之一”。 e.g. Jack Chen is one of the most famous actors in the world. 5. the + 序数词+最高级（形）+名（单）‎ e.g. Hainan is the second largest island in China. 6.. This is the +最高级（形）+名（单）+ that 从句： e.g. This is the worst movie that I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最糟糕的电影。 三．原级、比较级、最高级的相互转换 1、原级与比较级的转换：比较级+than → not...as/so...as... e.g. He speaks more loudly than me. → I don’t speak as/so loudly as he/him. 2、比较级与最高级的转换： ‎ the other +名（复）（在范围之内） the+最高级 → 比较级+than+ any other+名（单） e.g. Jim is the tallest student in our class. 　　　 Jim is taller than any other student in our class. 　　　 Jim is taller than the other students in our class. 　　　 Jim is taller than anyone else in our class. 但：（Jim is taller than any student/ the students in your class.） Unit5 Do you want to watch a game show? 知识点 ‎1.talk show 脱口秀 ‎2.sports show 体育节目 ‎3.talent show 才艺展 ‎4.come out 出版，发行，（花）开，（太阳等）出来 5.be ready to do something 准备做…… 6.try one’s best to do something 尽最大努力做…… ‎ ‎7.a symbol of Chinese culture 中国文化的象征 8.dress up like a boy 装扮得象男孩子 9.take her father’s place to fight in the army 代替父亲的位置去参军打仗 10.play Mulan’s role well 扮演木兰演得好 11.did a good job in the movie 在这部电影中演得好 12.have a discussion about TV shows. 对电视节目进行讨论 13.educational shows 更有教育意义的节目 ‎14.in the 1930s 在二十世纪三十年代 15.can stand doing sth 无法忍受做某事 16.wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事 17.mind doing sth 介意做某事 18.agree with sb / on sth /to dosth 同意某人的意见/ 在某事上与某人意见一致/同意做某事 ‎19.an eleven-year-old girl 一个十一岁的女孩 ‎20.dressup/as 装扮成 21.dress up in 穿着...衣服 ‎22. learn… from ：从…中学到… ; learn from … ：向…学习 23.dress sb/oneself 自己穿衣服 ‎24.be famous for 由于（…某一方面）而出名 25.be famous as 作为（…..身份）而出名 二、习惯用法、搭配 1. ---What do you think of talk shows? ----I don’t mind them. 2.---- How do you like the sports show ? ---- I can't stand it . 3. I hope to be a TV reporter one day. 4.let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事， 5.plan to do sth. 计划做某事， 6.hope/wish to do sth. 希望做某事， 7. sb happen to do sth 某人碰巧做某事， 8.expect to do sth. 期望做某事， 9.How about doing…？= What about…? 做某事怎么样？ 10.be ready to do sth. 准备做某事， 11.try one’s best to do sth.=do one’s best to do sth. 尽力做某事， 12.Why do you like watching the news? Because I hope to find out what’s going on around the world. 三、词语辨析 1.the other, the others, other, others, another 辨析 the other 表示特指两个或者两部份中的另一个或另一部分，可直接单数名词或复数名词。表示两个中的一个……另一个……时，常用one …the other…。例： He has two brothers, one is a teacher, the other is a doctor. There are forty students in our class. twenty-one are girls, the other nineteen are boys. the others 特指某一范围内的其他全部的（人或物），是the other的复数形式，相当于the other+复数名词。 You two stay here, the others go with me. ‎ ‎ other 作代词或形容词，可修饰可数名复数或不可数名词。‎ 例：We learn Chinese, Maths, English and other subjects. others 作代词，泛指“其他的复数的人或物”。 例： Some students are doing homework, others are talking loudly. another 泛指同类事物中的三者或三者以上的“另一个”，只能代替或修饰单数可数名词。例： I don’t like this one. Please show me another one. another two students = two more students 2.be famous for 因（技能；特色）出名 Edison was famous for his inventions be famous as 因（身份；产地）出名 He is famous as a magacian. 3.He become very rich and successful. 1). rich: 有钱的；丰富的 He is rich in experience. 他经验丰富 2). success (n):成功----- succeed(v)取得成功----successful(adj)/ successfully(adv) 成功的 4.danger(n)--- dangerous(adj)危险的；in danger 处于危险中； out of danger 摆脱危险 5.luck（n）(adj) lucky/unlucky 幸运的/不幸的 good luck 祝你好运（事前） 运气 (adv) luckily/unluckily 幸运地 /不幸地 bad luck 真倒霉 （事后） 6. lose 失去；丢失 such as losing his girlfriend 迷失(方向、路) lose the way 输掉(（比赛） lose the game ; lose to sb : 输给某人 7. ready be ready to do sth. 准备/乐于做... ;‎ ‎ be ready for sth. 为...做准备愿意的；准备好的 ‎ get ready to do sth./ for sth. (为)准备（做...）‎ III．重要句子：‎ ‎1. What do you think of talk shows? 你认为脱口秀怎么样？ ‎ I don’t mind them./ I can’t stand them!/ I love watching them!‎ 我无所谓/ 我受不了/我爱看它们。‎ ‎2. Why do you like watching the news? 你为什么喜欢看新闻？‎ I hope to find out what’s going on around the world.‎ 我希望了解全世界正在发生什么。‎ ‎3. What can you plan to watch tonight? 你今晚打算看什么？ ‎ I plan to watch Days of Our Past.我打算看过去的日子。‎ ‎4. I like to follow the story and see what happens next.‎ 我喜欢跟随故事看看接下来会发生什么。‎ ‎5. My favorite TV shows are the news and talk shows.‎ 我最喜欢的电视节目是新闻和脱口秀。‎ ‎6. I hope to be a TV reporter one day.‎ 我希望有一天我能成为一名电台记者。‎ ‎7.What can you expect to learn from sitcoms?‎ 你能期望着从情景喜剧中学到什么？‎ ‎ I can learn some great jokes.‎ 我能学到一些不错的笑话。‎ ‎8. Some people might ask how this cartoon animal became so popular.‎ 一些人可能会问这个卡通人物怎样变得那么受欢迎的。‎ ‎9. One of the main reasons is that Mickey was like a common man.‎ 主要原因之一是米老鼠像个普通人。‎ ‎10. He is always ready to try his best.他总是准备着竭尽全力。‎ ‎11. Today’s cartoons are usually not so simple as Mickey Mouse.‎ 今天的动画片不像米老鼠那么简单了。‎ ‎12. Who has a pair of ears more famous than Mickey’s?‎ 谁有一双比米老鼠的更著名的耳朵啊？‎ ‎13. Mulan dresses up like a boy and takes her father’s place to fight in the army. 木兰装扮得像个男孩替父从军打仗。‎ 四．语法 ‎1. don't mind不介意，不在乎 ‎ ‎ (1) mind v.介意，在乎。后面常跟名词、代词、动名词或从句（ifwhether引导），常用在否定句、疑问句和条件句中。 ‎ Would you mind opening the door?你介意打开门吗？ Do you mind if I smoke here?你介意我在这儿抽吗？ ‎ ‎(2) mind n.想法，精神，心 ‎ He always reads others' mind.他总能看透别人的心思。 ‎ 拓展：与mind/有关的短语 body and mind身心 make up one's mind to do 下定决心做某事 ‎ change one's mind改变主意 keep...in mind 记住 ‎ never mind没关系，不要记在心上(用于安慰别人)‎ ‎2. news n.不可数名词，新闻，新闻节目 ‎ No news is good news.没有消息就是好消息。 ‎ 注意：a piece of news一则消息 two pieces of news两则消息 ‎ 拓展：newspaper报纸（可数名词） ‎ ‎3.follow 动词，跟随（=go after） following adj接着的 拓展：follow的其他用法 ‎ ‎（1）follow vt.遵循，仿效 ‎ 例：follow one's advice听从某人的劝告 ‎ ‎（2）follow vt. 听懂，听清 例：I'm afraid I can't follow you, sir.先生，我没听清.‎ ‎4. become：系动词，'"变得.变成"，可跟形容词或名词 ‎5. successful adj.成功的，有成就的 ‎ 拓展：①success成功（不可数名词），成功的人事（可数名）‎ ‎②succeed成功（动词）succeed in doing sth.做某事取得成功 ‎ ‎③successfully 副词，成功地 ‎ Unit6 I’m going to study computer science知识点 一、词组、短语： 1.grow up 长大 2.every day 每天 3.be sure about 对某事确信 ‎ ‎4.make sure 确信/有把握 5.send…to… 把…发送到…/把…寄…， 6.be able to 能/能够 7.the meaning of …的意思/含义 8.different kinds of 不同种类的， 9.write down 写下/记下 10.have to do with 与….有关 11.take up (doing) sth 开始从事/着手处理/接受， 12.too…to… 太….而不能 13.keep on doing sth 一直做某事 14.kind of =a little =a bit= a little bit +adj/adv 15.learn to do sth 学习做某事，例如：I began to learn to play the piano when I was five..‎ 1. make the soccer team, 组建足球队，成为足球队的一员。‎ 例如：I want to make the soccer team next year.‎ 2. get/ do lots of exercise 做大量的锻炼 ‎ 例如： We should get lots of exercise every day.‎ 3. learn another foreign language 学习第二外语（另外一门外语）‎ 4. get good grades 取得好成绩 ‎ 例如： Getting good grades (动名词作主语谓语动词用单数) is very important to me.‎ 5. make resolutions ( to do sth)下决心（做某事）例如：We like making resolutions on New Year’s Day. 拓展：keep resolutions 实现决心 例如：I think making resolutions is easy, but keeping resolutions is hard.‎ 6. be able to 与can (1)时态be able to 后接动词原形，可用于一般现在时态，一般过去时态，一般将来时态，be动词和主语保持一致 。例如： I am able to speak English , but I wasn’t able to speak English when I was five, I think I will be able to learn another foreign language in five years.(五年后) (2)can 为情态动词，用在现在时态中，也可用在过去时态中，过去式为could ,例如：I can speak English , but I couldn’t speak English when I was five.‎ 7. promise 用法：（1）用作名词，许诺，承诺， make a promise( promises) to sb 向某人许诺，例如： We usually make promises to our teachers before exams. Keep a promise/promises ,keep one’s promise 信守承诺：We should keep our promises at s chool.(2)用作动词， 承诺，许诺 promise to do sth 承诺做某事 例如：Tom promised to help me with my English yesterday. Promise+宾语从句 ，例如：Tom promised that he would help me with my English. (3) promise sb sth 向某人承诺某事， 例如：He always promises us a better life in the future. He promised me the book. 他答应给我这本书。‎ 1. tidy 用法：（1） 用作形容词，干净的，井井有条的 例如：My room is tidy.(=clean)‎ ‎(2) 用作动词， 打扫，把…..清理干净， 例如： Please tidy(=clean) your room when you are free .‎ ‎10.begin 与start用法小结 （1）用作动词，开始 begin/ start to do sth=begin/ start doing sth 开始做某事 例如：I began/ started to learn English two years ago.= I began / started learning English two years ago. (2) start 用作动词，发起 例如：start a club (3) start 还可以用作名词， 开始，开端 例如：the start of the movie = the beginning of the movie ( begin 的名词形式为beginning) (4) at the beginning of ………在…….的开始 例如：At the beginning of the new year ‎11. improve ,动词，改善，提高，常见的有：improve my English grade , improve my life 名词形式为improvement , 改善，提高，以ment 结尾的常为名词， 如：move----movement, excite---excitement ‎ ‎12.write down 写下 例如：write down your name= write your name down， write it down , write down it(错的，it为代词，只能放在中间)‎ ‎13.for the coming year 此处coming 为动名词修饰名词，不可用come ，常见的有 swimming pool, go to a cooking school ‎ ‎14.tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某事， 例如：Tell me about your English grade.‎ ‎15.wish 用法小结：（1） 用作名词， 愿望，常指美好的或难以实现的愿望，例如：Best wishes for you. (2) 用作动词，希望 ，wish to do sth 希望做某事， 例如：I wish to go to the moon one day.(常指较大的愿望) 比较：I hope to get good grades next year. (3) wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事 例如：My mother always wishes me to study all day long.‎ ‎16.fast food 快餐，熟食， 例如： Eating fast food is very popular in England.‎ ‎17.have to do with …….与……有关， 例如： This book has to do with Edison. 拓展：have nothing to do with 与…….无关 ，例如： Your Chinese has nothing to do with me.‎ ‎18.take up (1) 开始，从事，take up sth 开始从事某事 例如： I took up soccer when I was five. Take up doing sth 开始从事做某事，例如： I took up playing soccer when I was five.(2)占据 ，例如：This table takes up too much room.(此处room 为不可数名词，空间)‎ ‎19.planning 不可数名词，规划，例如：better planning ,合理规划，city planning, 城市规划 ‎20.weekly (1) 形容词，每周的，一周一次的，放在名词之前， 例如：make a weekly plan 制定每周计划（2） 副词，每周地，每周一次地 例如：He watches TV weekly.( =once a week)‎ ‎21.too……to……太……而不能 ，意思是由于太。。。。。而导致to 之后的动作无法完成，主语是物时在形容词之后加for sb例如：Tom is young -------Tom is too young------Tom is too young to go to school.(Tom年轻-----Tom太年轻------而不能完成 go to school.), 拓展：同义句转换：转化为not +形容词+enough+to do sth :Tom is not old (此处not old =young) enough to go to school . 转换为so+形容词+that +sb can’t do sth : Tom is so young that he can’t go to school. 例2：The box is too heavy for the little boy to carry. 例3：She is too poor to buy the sweater.=She is so poor that she can’t buy the sweater.‎ ‎22.For this reason.因为这个原因。‎ ‎23.语法小知识：英语五种基本句型一：主语+连系动词（包括be动词am,is, are, was ,were,表“变得”的become,get, go ,turn,以及感官动词look, ‎ sound ,smell,feel,）+表语，初中遇到的经常考察的主+系+表主要类型有：（1）主语+连系动词+形容词作表语。 例如：Mary is very beautiful, beautifully (应该用形容词beautiful作表语) （2）主语+连系动词+动词不定式或者动名词作表语。例如：His job is to teach me Chinese.=His job is teaching me Chinese. 及时训练： 1.My resolution is _______________(learn) English well. 2. The girl looks very______________(beautiful).‎ ‎24.question (1) 名词，问题，常与answer 搭配 例如：answer my questions (2) 动词，怀疑，询问， 例如：He likes questioning his father’s answers.‎ ‎25.mean,（过去式meant） (1)动词，意思，含义，后常接宾语从句， 例如：I mean you are a good boy.(2) 作“打算”的意思时，用mean to do sth, 例如：I meant to help you with your English. (3) 作“意味着”的意思是，用mean doing sth,例如：Success means working hard. (4) meaning,名词， the meaning of …. ……的含义 ‎26.own (1) 动词，拥有，例如： The man owns a big farm.(2) 形容词，自己的，放在形容词性物主代词之后，修饰名词， 例如： This is my own car. (3) owner 主人 ‎27. drive to work 开车上班， ride to school 骑车上学 ‎28.make 用法小结：‎ ‎（1）make sb do sth 使某人做某事， 例如：The man makes his son do much housework every day. (2) make +宾语+形容词 ， 例如： Watching TV makes me relaxing. (3) make +宾语+名词， 例如： They make Tom their cook. 他们让Tom 做他们的厨师。‎ 二、习惯用法、搭配 1.want to do sth. 想做某事， 2.be going to + 动词原形： 将要做某事， 3.practice doing sth. 练习做某事， 4.keep on doing sth. 继续做某事， 5.learn to do sth. 学会做某事， 6.finish doing sth 做完某事， 7.promise to do sth. 答应做某事， 8.help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事， 9.remember to do sth. 记住要做某事， 10.agree to do sth. 同意做某事， 11.love to do sth. 喜欢做某事， 语法 ‎1. be going to 的用法 ‎ ‎①be going to + 动词原形——表示将来的打算、计划或安排。‎ ‎②常与表示将来的tomorrow, next year等时间状语或when 引导的时间状语从句连用。‎ ‎③各种句式变换 ‎ 肯定句：主语+ be going to+动词原形 + 其他 ‎ 例He is going to take the bus there. ‎ 否定句：主语+be not going to+动词原形+其他 ‎ 例I’m not going to see my friends.‎ 一般疑问句：Be +主语+ going to + 动词原形 + 其他 ‎ 肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + be. 否定回答：No, 主语 + be not. ‎ 例Are you going to see your friends this weekend? ‎ Yes ,I am. / No, I’m not. ‎ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+going to + 动词原形 + 其他？ ‎ 例What is he going to do this weekend? ‎ When are you going to see your friends? ‎ ‎④如果表示计划去某地,可直接用be going to+地点 ‎ 例如We are going to Beijing.‎ ‎2. when “当……时” ‎ when 引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一 般将来时 She is going to be an astronaut when she grows up. ‎ 重要句子：‎ ‎1.—What do you want to be when you grow up？ 你长大后打算做什么？ ‎ ‎ —I want to be a basketball player. 我想成为一名篮球运动员。 ‎ ‎2.—How are you going to do that？ —那你打算怎么做呢？‎ ‎ —I’m going to practice basketball every day. 我打算每天练篮球。 ‎ ‎3.Now I know why you’re so good at writing stories.‎ ‎ 现在我知道你为什么如此擅长写故事了。‎ ‎4.Most of the time, we make promises to other people.‎ 大多数时候,我们向其他人许诺 ‎5. Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year. ‎ 一些人写下他们来年决心和计划.‎ ‎6. Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement. 许多决心与自我提高有关。 ‎ ‎7. The last resolution is about how to do better at school.‎ 最后一个决心是关于怎样在学校里做的更好 重点单词：sure :‎ ‎1.Be sure to do sth. 一定会... 如：She is sure to pass the text.‎ ‎2.Be sure of /about sth. 对...有把握 如：I’m sure of theresult. 3.be sure that +从句 确信... 如：I’m sure that he will succeed. 4.Be sure to do sth. 一定要/务必 如：Be sure to come tomorrow. 5.make sure of sth. 如：You should make sure of the time. 6.确保；核实务必 that 从句 如：Make sure (that) anyone else knows the secrets 7.be sure of oneself 有自信 sure = certainly = of course 当然（回答请求） everyday 与 every day 区别 everyday adj. 每天的 在句中作定语，位于名词前。 This is our everyday homework. every day 副词短语， 在句中作状语，位于句首或句末。 He reads books every day. ‎ There is/are + sb. + doing sth 有…正在做… It is + 形容词 + for sb + to do sth 做某事对某人来说… ‎ Unit7 Will people have roborts？知识点 Section A 知识点归纳：‎ 1. in/ at their homes 在他们的家中 2. use…..to do 使用…..去做， 例如： We use money to buy things. 拓展：useful, 形容词， 有帮助的， 例如：This is useful information.‎ 3. be free……免费的， 例如： The fruit is free in that restaurant. 拓展：for free 免费， be free 空闲的， 例如： Are you free tomorrow?‎ 4. on computers 在电脑上， 例如： We can find much information on computers.‎ 5. paper 纸，不可数名词， a piece of paper 一张纸 6. live to be …….活到……，‎ 例如：The old man wants to live to be one hundred years old.‎ 7. in+一段时间，与一般将来时态连用，意思是：…..年以后， 用how soon 来提问， 例如： in five years ,五年后 He will be a grandfather in five years.: 提问为 How soon will he be a grandfather ?‎ 8. there be 句型的一般将来时态：（1） There is going to be+单数可数名词或不可数名词 , 例1： There is going to be a basketball game tomorrow. 例2： There is going to be much rain next week. (2) There are going to be +复数可数名词， 例3： There are going to be many new computers in our school. (3) There will be …….，期中will 相当于be going to, 如上述三个例子可分别变为 例1：There will be a basketball game tomorrow. 例2： There will be much rain next week. 例3： There will many new computers in our school. (4)there be句型的句式变化：一般问句及回答：例1： Will there be a basketball game tomorrow? Yes, there will. No, there won’t. 否定句： 例1：There won’t be a basketball game tomorrow.(5) there will be 中常见的比较级：many/much-----more, little---less, few---fewer.‎ 9. use the subways more/ less. 多/ 少用地铁， 例如：I think people will use the ‎ subways more. 拓展：use English more 1. I think so . I don’t think so.‎ 2. predict, 动词，预测，后常接宾语从句： I predict there will be more pollution in the future. Prediction ,名词，预测，以 ion 结尾的常为名词，如：pollute ----pollution(不发音的字母e去掉再加ion),‎ 3. in the future 将来 4. in danger 在危险中， in great danger 在巨大危险中， 常放在句尾， 例如： The old man is in danger. 拓展：out of danger 脱离危险， 例如：All the people are out of danger now. dangerous, 形容词，危险的，在名词词尾加ous 变为形容词，即 danger----dangerous, fame（名声）---famous（不发音的字母e 去掉再加ous）‎ 5. live , 居住 （1）表示住在farm, earth, floor(某层楼)，space station用live on, 例如1：He lives on a big farm. 例2： We all live on the earth. 例3 ： I live on the fourth floor in Chaohu.(2)live in+其他地点， 例： He lives in a small city. 易错点：正确：Where does he live ?(此处in 不可加)‎ 6. on the earth 在地球上，注意earth , sun, moon为世界上独一无二的物体前必须加the ,‎ 7. play a part in doing sth参与做某事，例如： We should play a part in saving the animals, they are in danger now.‎ 8. world peace, 世界和平， 拓展： in the world ,在世界上， all over the world 全世界， peace-----peaceful ,和平的 9. in the sea, 在海洋里， in the sky, 在空中 必背句子：‎ 1. People will have robots in their homes.‎ 2. There will be more pollution and fewer trees.‎ 3. There will be more people and less free time.‎ 1. What will the future be like ?‎ 2. We can use less water and plant more trees. ‎ 3. Cities will be more crowded and polluted.‎ ‎7.Families will spend time together. ‎ Section B 知识点归纳：‎ ‎1.space station 太空站 拓展： live on the space station 住在太空站上， in space 在太空中 例如：There are many stars in space. In the space 在……空间里， 例如： We can put nothing in the space between the two desks.‎ ‎2.fly rockets to the moon 坐火箭去月球 ‎3.think like humans 像人类一样思考 ‎4.help with sth 帮助做某事， help do sth/ help to do sth 帮助做某事 例如： I usually help with housework at home on weekends.=I always help do / to do housework at home on weekends.‎ ‎5.there be 句型的现在进行时态结构：there be+人/物+doing 例如： There are many students playing soccer on the playground. ‎ ‎6. build cars 制造小汽车 ‎7.over and over again 反复地，一次又一次地 ‎8.such+a/ an+形容词+单数名词=so+形容词+a/an+单数名词， 例1：This is such a big room.= This is so big a room., so+many/ few+复数名词， such +其他形容词+复数名词， 例2： These are such big rooms. There are so many boys watching TV. so+much/ little +不可数名词， such+其他形容词+不可数名词， 例3：He has so little fruit. 例 4：There is such clean water in the river. Such还可以直接修饰名词， 例5： such jobs 这样的工作 ‎9.get bored 感到疲倦， 例如： He has much homework every night, but he never gets bored.‎ ‎10.wake (过去式woke)up (1) 醒来， 例： I wake up at six every morning.(2) wake up ‎ sb (sb是代词时需放在up之前)， 把某人叫醒 例： My father always wakes me up at six every morning.‎ ‎11.agree 用法 （1） agree to do sth, 同意做某事， 例如： Tom agreed to play soccer with me just now. (2) agree with sb 同意某人的意见， 例如：My sister thinks watching movies is fun, I agree with her. (3) agree on sth 在某事上与某人意见一致，例如： I agree on your idea about going shopping.‎ ‎12.hundreds of …..,许多的，成百上千的，数以百计的，放在复数名词之前，前面可以用many, a few 修饰 例1：There are hundreds of stars in space. 例2: There are a few hundreds of students in that school. 拓展：基数词+hundred,后不可加s,也不可加of , 例如： He has two hundred pens.‎ ‎13.look like …..看起来像……例如： The little girl looks like her mother.‎ ‎14.fall----fell (1) fall down, 跌倒， 例如： He walked too carelessly and fell down. (2) fall off…..从……上掉下来， 例如： The boy fell off his bike just now. (3) fall into…..掉进……例如： His brother fell into the water yesterday.‎ ‎15.look for,寻找，强调过程，find ,找到，强调结果， 例如： He looked for his watch everywhere , but he didn’t find it.‎ ‎16.every与each 的区别：every 指三者及以上，后不可直接加of, each指两者及以上，可与of 连用， 例1： Each of us has a name. 例2：Every student has a name. 例3:There are many trees on each side of the street.‎ ‎17.human—like , 形似真人的，形容词， 例如：a bird—like building ‎18.at some point 就某一点来说19.take a holiday 度假 ‎20.keep a bird 饲养一只鸟 ‎21.needn’t =don’t have to 不必要， 例如： You needn’t go to school today. (need为情态动词)=You don’t have to go to school today. 注意：mustn’t 表示禁止：‎ 例： You mustn’t play on the road. 例2： Must I go now? Yes, you must. No, you needn’t/ don’t have to.‎ ‎22.when possible =when sb can, 例：I will see you when possible.= I will see you when I can.拓展：if possible= if sb can ‎ 必背句子：‎ ‎1.I live in an apartment across the street from.here. ‎ 我住在街对面的一所公寓里。‎ ‎2. I will fly rockets to the moon. 我将乘火箭去月球。‎ ‎3.Scientists are now trying to make robots look like humans and do the same things as we do.‎ 科学家正在努力使机器人看上去像人类一样并能向人类一样工作。‎ ‎4…..it may take hundreds of years 可能花费数百年时间5.These snake robots can help look for people under the buildings.‎ 这些蛇形机器人可以帮助寻找建筑物下面的人。‎ ‎6.Some robots are very human—like. 一些机器人十分像真人。‎ ‎7.And my apartment will be no good for pets…… ‎ 我的公寓将不适合宠物……‎ 范文1：write about your life 20 years from now In twenty years, I think I will be a pilot. I will work in Beijing, because my parents will work in Beijing. I want to live with them. I will live in a big apartment. As a pilot, I will have a few days off every month.I think I will keep some plants in my apartment. There will be a park near my home. I will take a walk after dinner. I like chess, so I will play chess will my friends in the park.‎ 范文2：Life in the future ‎ What will the life be like in the future? I think there will be robots in our homes. They will help us do some housework. They will be able to talk with us too. There will also be robots in factories. They will do many boring jobs for humans. Because of these bobots. We will have more time to relax and have fun.And we will be able to fly rockets to the moon. People will be able to live on other planets. ‎ Life in the future will be better. So we should study hard now and one day our dream will come true.‎ IV．语法 ‎1. 一般将来时结构：‎ ‎⑴肯定式：主语 + will/shall + 动词原形 + 其他 ‎ ‎（will 用于各种人称，shall 用于第一人称）‎ ‎（=主语 + be going to + 动词原形 + 其他）‎ Will表示单纯的将来概念，而be going to强调事先经过考虑安排而计划或打算要做某事，或由某种迹象判断某事有可能发生 ‎⑵否定式：在will/shall/be 后面加 not. will not = won’t ‎⑶一般疑问句：将will/shall/be 提到主语前面。‎ ‎⑷There be的一般将来时：There will be+主语+其他,(将会有)‎ ‎①一般疑问句形式为：Will there be + 主语 + 其他。‎ ‎②肯定回答是：Yes, there will. 否定回答是：No, there won’t.‎ ‎③否定形式是：There won’t be + 主语 + 其他，将不会有……‎ ‎④特殊疑问句是: 疑问词/ 词组 + 一般疑问句？ ‎ When will there be a nice match?何时会有一场精彩的球赛?‎ 注意：there be句型中不能用havehas。‎ ‎ after与in的用法区别 ‎ in +时间段：与将来时连用 after +时间段：与过去时连用，例： He will be back in two hours. He came back after two hours. ‎ after +时间点:可与将来时连用He will be back after two o'clock.‎ Unit 8 How do you make a banana milk shake?知识点 I．词组Section A 知识点归纳：‎ ‎1.turn on 打开……. turn off …..关掉 turn up …..调高 turn down …‎ 调低,这四个词组都是动词+副词短语，在与代词连用时代词需放在中间，与名词连用时名词可放在中间，也可以放在副词之后。 例如：Turn down the radio.=Turn the radio down.(the radio 为名词)， 例2：Turn it down.‎ ‎2.cut up 切碎，为动词+副词短语， 例如： Cut up the apple. 把苹果切碎。 拓展：cut down, 砍倒，为动词+副词短语，例如： Don’t cut down the tree. Cut…..into….把…….切成……例如： Cut the apples into pieces.把苹果切成碎片。Cut the apple into two halves. 把苹果切成两半。‎ ‎3.put….. in….. 把……放到…..里， 例如：Put the bananas in the glass. 拓展：put…..into…..,把……放入……，（in 和into 都可以与固体连用）,例如：Put the bananas into the glass. Pour…..into…..,把……倒入…….( pour通常与液体连用)， 例如： Pour some water into the glass. Pour sb sth=pour sth for sb 为某人倒某物， 例如： Pour me a glass of water.‎ ‎4. peel sb sth=peel sth for sb 为某人削某物，例如： Peel an apple for me.= Peel me an apple.‎ ‎5.finally= at last= in the end, 最后，终于， 例如： At last=Finally=In the end he finished his homework.‎ ‎6.how much+不可数名词，例如：I need three glasses of water. How much water do you need ?拓展：how many+复数名词， 例如：I need two apples. How many apples do you need? ‎ 注意：基数词不可以直接加不可数名词，如不可以说 two bread, 不可数名词的数量可用 基数词+量词（如cup, piece, glass等）+不可数名词， 例如：two glasses of water, three pieces of bread ‎7.forget to do sth 忘记做某事，表示动作尚未发生， 例如： Don’t forget to finish your homework on time. 拓展： forget doing sth 忘记做过某事，表示动作已经发生， 例如： I forgot giving your book to you, it’s in your hand.(此时常用forgot表示是过去忘记的)‎ ‎8.add…. to ……把….添加到…..上去， 例如： Add some salt to the popcorn.‎ ‎9.疑问词+动词时，应该加 to do sth, 例如：how to do it= what to do, 例2： I don’t know how to cook meat.‎ ‎10.another ten minutes=ten more minutes, another+基数词+复数名词=基数词+more+复数名词， 例： I would like another two apples.= I want two more apples.‎ ‎11.制作食物的主要程序的词：first-----then-----next---after that---finally ‎12 half----(复数) halves 拓展：half a cup of salt 半杯盐 ‎13.dig---dug(过去式)—digging (现在分词)‎ ‎14. take out 取出， 例如：take out a book ‎ ‎15 plant a tree 植树， 拓展：Tree Planting Day. 植树节 ‎16.Section A不可数名词小结：milk shake, yogurt, honey, salt, sugar, cheese, corn, bread,‎ ‎ Section B：词组 1. dig a hole 挖坑 2. take out a book from the library 从图书馆带出一本书 3. a piece of 一片/一张/一块 4. a few 一 些；几个 5. traditional food 传统食物 6. give thanks for food 感恩食物 7. at this time 在此时 8. have a big meal 吃一顿大餐 9. main dish（es） 主菜 10. mix up/together 混合在一起 11. fill…with… 用…装满 ‎ 12. cover…with… 用…盖住 13. cut the turkey into thin pieces 把火鸡肉切成薄片 14. at a very high temperature 以很高的温度 15. rice noodles 米线 16. one by one 一个接一个 II. 习惯用法、搭配 ‎1. How many + 可数名词复数 多少…… ‎ ‎2. How much + 不可数名词 多少……‎ ‎3. how to do sth. 怎样做某事 ‎4. 一段时间 +ago , 与一般过去时态连用 ‎ ‎5. by doing sth. 通过做……‎ ‎6. need to do sth. 需要做某事 ‎7. make + 宾语 + 形容词 使……怎样 III. 重要句子：‎ ‎1. How do you make a banana milk shake? 你怎样做香蕉奶昔？ ‎ First, peel the banana. 首先，剥香蕉皮。‎ Next, put the banana in the blender. 接下来把香蕉放进搅拌器 Then, pour the milk into the blender. 然后把牛奶倒到搅拌机里 Finally, turn on the blender. 最后，打开搅拌器。‎ ‎2.Countable nouns Uncountable nouns How many bananas do we need? How much yogurt do we need?‎ We need three bananas. We need one cup of yogurt.‎ ‎3.How many bananas do we need? 我们需要多少香蕉？‎ ‎4.How much yogurt do we need? 我们需要多少酸奶？‎ ‎5.Do you like lettuce in a sandwich? 你喜欢加生菜的三明治吗？‎ ‎6.It’s time to enjoy the rice noodles! 是时候享受米线了。‎ IV．语法 ‎1.祈使句用法 ‎ 祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形 ‎1）肯定的祈使句 ‎ ‎①动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up.请起立。‎ ‎②Be + adj. Be careful! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！‎ ‎③Let's + 动词原形 Let’s go together. 咱们一起去吧。 ‎ ‎2）否定的祈使句 ‎ ‎①Don't + 动词原形 Don't stand up. 别站起来。‎ ‎②Let's ( let sb ) + not + 动词原形 Let's not say anything about it. 对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。 ‎ ‎3）祈使句的反意疑问句 ‎ ‎①肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或won't you。 ‎ ‎ Please open the door, will/ won’t you? 请把门打开，好吗？‎ ‎②否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。‎ Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？‎ ‎③以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。 ‎ 例： Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？‎ ‎2.有关make 的短语： ‎ make the bed 铺床 make tea沏茶make trouble 惹麻烦 make money赚钱 make a decision做决定make a mistake犯错误make a noise 弄出噪音 make a living谋生 make sure务必 ‎3. one more thing = another one thing ‎ 基数词 + more + 名词 = another + 基数词 + 名词 ‎4. fill with 用…填充… be filled with = be full of 充满….‎ 例The boy filled the bottle with water. 男孩用水装满杯子。‎ The bottle was full of water.杯子装满了水 ‎5. cover…with… 用…把…覆盖 ‎ be covered with 被…所覆盖 cover n. 封面，盖子。‎ Ann covered her face with her hands.安用手捂着脸 ‎ The cover of the magazine is nice.杂志的封面很漂亮 ‎6. It’s time (for sb) to do sth. 到某人做某事的时候了。‎ It’s time for sth. 到做某事的时候了。‎ Unit9 Can you come to my party?知识点 I．词组 1. come to the party 参加晚会 ‎ 2. on Saturday afternoon 在星期六下午 3. prepare for 为…..准备 4. go to the doctor 去看病，‎ 5. have the flu 患流感 6. help my parents 给父母帮忙 7. meet my friend 见朋友 8. have to 必须 9. go to the party 参加晚会 10. go to the movies 去看电影 11. too much homework 太多的家庭作业 12. another time 下次 13. Thanks for asking. 谢谢你的邀请。 ‎ 14. last fall 去年秋天 15. go bike riding=ride bikes 骑自行车 16. not…until 直到……才 17. hang out with us 跟我们出去玩/闲逛 ‎ 18. catch you =see you 再见 19. after school 放学后 20. on the weekend 在周末 ‎ 21. visit grandparents 拜访爷爷奶奶 ‎ 22. study for a test 备考 23. would like to do 想要做某事 24. the day before yesterday 前天 25. the day after tomorrow 后天 ‎ 26. have a piano lesson 上钢琴课 ‎ 27. look after =take care of 照顾 28. accept an invitation 接受邀请 29. make an invitation 写邀请 30. turn down an invitation 拒绝邀请 31. the best way (to do sth) 做……最好的方式 32. how to do that 怎么做那件事 33. take a trip 旅行 1. at the end of this month 在本月底 ‎ 2. go back to the US 回美国 3. miss her 想念她 4. surprise party 惊喜派对 5. without telling her 不告诉她 6. so that 以便;为了 7. look forward to doing sth 期望/渴望做某事 8. hear from sb 收到某人的来信，接到某人的电话 9. make it 按时到达，成功办成某事 10. the opening of… 开幕/开业 11. reply in writing 写回信 12. go to the concert 参加音乐会 II. 习惯用法、搭配 ‎1．have to/ must /might do sth. 不得不/必须/也许做……‎ ‎2．invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事.‎ ‎3．be sad to do sth. 做某事感到悲伤 ‎4. see sb do sth /see sb doing sth 看见某人 ‎5. have a surprise party for sb 为某人举办一个惊喜的晚会 ‎6. reply to sth/sb. 回答某人/回答某事 III．重要句子：‎ ‎1.Can you come to my party on Saturday?你周六能来我派对么？ ‎ Sure, I’d love to. /Sorry, I must study for a math test.‎ 当然，我想去/‎ I’m afraid not. I have the flu. 我恐怕不能.我患流感了。‎ ‎2. Can she go to the baseball game? 她能来棒球赛么？ ‎ No, she’s not available. She must go to the doctor.‎ 不，她没空。她必须去看医生。‎ ‎3. Sam isn’t leaving until next Wednesday. Sam直到下周三才会离开 ‎4.Who are you going to the movies with? 你打算跟谁去看电影？‎ ‎5. What’s today? 今天星期几，几月几日？‎ What’s the date today? 今天几月几日？ ‎ What day is it today? 今天星期几？‎ IV．语法 ‎1. 如何邀请别人—Can you come to my party? ‎ 肯定回答：Sure, I’d love to./ Sure, I’d like to；‎ 否定回答：Sorry, I can’t./ No, thanks.；‎ I’d love to, but I’m afraid I have no time. ‎ ‎2. 情态动词can / have to/ need/ must （较难点） ‎ can 是能不能，做某事；need 有没有必要，需不需要做某事; have to 不得不，强调客观迫使不得不去做某事； ‎ must 是必须做某事，具有强制性的意味。‎ ‎3. too much，太多，修饰不可数名词，too many, 修饰可数名词； much too, 太，后接形容词 ‎4.bring , take, carry ‎ Bring 带来，拿来 Please ask your father to bring your book. ‎ Take 带去，拿去 Remember to take your books when you leave. ‎ Carry“随身携带”，搬，拿，提，带等 I never carry much money. ‎ ‎5.prepare for sth. 为…准备好。prepare to do sth 准备做某事。 ‎ ‎6. ready意为“准备好的”，常见结构有：‎ ‎①be/get ready to do(准备干某事) ②get sth. ready ‎ ‎③be ready(for sth) 例如：We _____ the mid-term examination. ‎ ‎7. have the flu 患感冒 ，have a cold 感冒，have a fever 发烧 have a cough 咳嗽, have a sore throat 喉咙痛, ‎ have a headache 头痛 ,have a toothache 牙痛，‎ ‎8. catch you =see you = Bye ‎ 拓展：catch a cold感冒 catch the train 赶上火车 ‎ catch up with =keep up with 赶上，跟上 ‎9. accept 接受 , 反义词为：refuse。 ‎ accept指愿意接受，receive指客观上收到，但主观上不一定接受。‎ 如：I received his gift yesterday, but I wouldn’t like to accept it.‎ ‎10. turn down = refuse 拒绝 ‎ 拓展：turn up 放大,调高 turn over 翻身 take turns轮流 ‎11. surprised 形容词，感到意外的，主语是人 be surprised to do sth 对做某事感到意外 surprising 形容词，令人惊讶的，主语是物 ‎ surprise 名词，惊奇、惊讶 ‎ to one’s surprise使某人吃惊，动词，使惊奇，使感到意外 ‎12. look forward to 期待,盼望，to是介词，后跟名/代/动名词 ‎13. hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 = receive a letter from sb.‎ hear of = hear about 听说 Unit 10 If you go to the party, you’ll have a great time!知识点 I．词组 ‎ 1. go to the party 参加晚会 2. have a great /good time 玩的开心 3. wear jeans 穿牛仔裤 4. let you in 让你进 5. take the bus 乘公交车 6. tomorrow night 明天晚上 7. go with sb. 和某人一起去 8. have a class party 开班级聚会 9. have a class meeting 开班会 10. half the class 全班一半人 11. watch a video 看录像 12. make some food 做食物 ‎ 13. order food from… 从…预定食物 14. potato chips 薯条 15. take a taxi 坐出租车 1. give sb some advice 给某人建议/劝告 2. get enough exercise 得到充足锻炼 3. travel around the world 周游世界 4. go to college 上大学 ‎ 5. make（a lot of）money 挣钱/赚钱 ‎ 6. get an education 上学/受教育 ‎ 7. a soccer player 一个足球运动员 ‎ 8. worry about = be worried about 担心 9. keep…to oneself 保守秘密 10. talk to someone. 与某人谈话 ‎ 11. in life 在一生中 ‎ 12. lost her wallet 丢掉她的钱包 13. walk three miles to school 走三英里去学校 14. in the end 在最后 15. make mistakes 弄错/出差错 16. in the future 在将来 ‎ 17. run away from… 逃避…‎ 18. the first step 第一步 19. cut sth. in half 把某物切成两半 20. be halfway to doing sth. 某事做了一部分 21. solve a problem 解决难题 ‎ 22. who else 其他的人 23. school clean-up 学校大扫除 II. 习惯用法、搭配 ‎1. ask sb. to do sth 请某人做某事 ‎2. be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 ‎ ‎3. advise sb to do sth 劝说某人做某事 ‎4. It’s best (not)to do sth. 最好做某事 ‎5. need to do sth 需要做某事 ‎6. tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人做某事 III. 重要句子：‎ ‎1．I think I’ll take the bus to the party. 我想我会乘公交去聚会。 ‎ If you do, you’ll be late. 如果你这样做，你会迟到。‎ ‎2．What will happen if they have the party today? ‎ 如果他们今天举行聚会，会发生什么？ ‎ If they have it today, half the class won’t come.如果他们今天举行，一半同学不会来。‎ ‎3．Should we ask people to bring food? 我们应该要求人们带食物么？ ‎ ‎4．What will Mark organize? 马克将会组织什么？‎ ‎5．Can you give me some advice please? 你能给我一些建议吗？‎ ‎6．Unless we talk to someone, we’ll certainly feel worse.‎ 除非我们跟别人聊一下，否则我们肯定会感觉更糟 ‎7．Sharing is like cutting it in half. 分享就像把它（烦恼）分成两半 IV．语法 ‎1．if 引导的条件状语从句。‎ If是连词，所连接的句子叫条件状语从句，表示假设或条件，意思是“如果„的话”，用法如下（主将从现、主祈从现）：‎ If +句子（一般现在时），+主句（主语will/may/can) +动词）‎ If I have enough money next year, I will go to travel. ‎ ‎☆在条件句中，主句部分只能使用will的一般将来时，不能使用be going to的结构.‎ ‎☆注意：宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别。宾语从句中的if“是否”（相当于whether），时态需根据语境确定。如：I don't know if it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。‎ ‎2．I think…句型,是一个含有宾语从句的主从复合句，意为“我认为，我想”，从句用陈述语序。‎ ‎☆后面的从句里如果有否定含义，往往把否定词由从句移到主句，这叫否定前移。如：I don’t think I’m going to stay at home .我想我明天不会呆在家里。‎ ‎3. ①half adj. 一半的，半个的。‎ ‎②表示“一半的…”可以用half + n. 或Half of n.‎ 其谓语动词取决于后面的名词或代词的形式。‎ 例：Half the girls are from China.‎ ‎ Half the food is in the kitchen.‎ Half (of ) the class won‟t come.有一半的学生一会来。‎ ‎4.unless 意为“除非，如果不” 用于引导条件状语从句。例：‎ Unless you study hard, you won’t go to college ‎ 除非你努力学习,否则你考不上大学。 ‎ ‎5. ①be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 ‎ I am afraid _______(speak ) in English. ‎ ‎②be afraid of sth/sb 害怕某人或物My sister is afraid of dogs.‎ ‎③I’m afraid +从句 我恐怕… I’m afraid I can’t go with you. ‎ ‎6. “特殊疑问词+动词不定式”总结： ‎ I don’t know what to do. 做什么 ‎ I don’t know how to learn math. 怎么学数学 ‎ I don’t know when to go to school. 什么时间去上学 ‎ I don’t know where to go shopping.去哪里购物 ‎ ‎7. too…to…表示“太…而不能…” too +形容词+to +动词原形 ‎ 结构可与not…enough to do sth 和so…that…互换 例：‎ He is too young to go to school. = He is not old enough to go to school.= He is so young that he can’t go to school. ‎ ‎8. advice不可数n. 建议劝告。表示数量要用piece等词来修饰。 ‎ 如：a piece of / some / much advice. ‎ ‎9. 情态动词should 用法：should用来提出建议和忠告，‎ ‎①should+动词原形 ②否定句：should not+动词原形 ‎③疑问句：should+主语+动词原形+其他，如Should I help him？‎ ‎10.反身代词oneself—myself/yourself/himself/herself / ourselves ‎/themselves 短语：keep…to oneself 保守秘密 ‎ 拓展：enjoy oneself 玩的开心 teach oneself 自学 ‎ ‎11.angry 生气的，短语拓展：be angry at/about sth 因某事而生气be angry with sb.对某人生