重庆市渝中区、九龙坡区等主城区2020届高三学业质量调研抽测（第二次）英语试题 Word版含解析

重庆市渝中区、九龙坡区等主城区2020届高三学业质量调研抽测（第二次）英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 高 2020 届学业质量调研抽测（第二次） 英语试题卷 英语试题卷共 12 页，考试时间为 120 分钟，满分为 150 分。 注意事项： 1. 答第 I 卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第 I 卷 第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。 第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一 小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.15. C. ￡9.18. 答案是 B。 1. What will Tom do next? A. Meet his friend. B. Continue to sleep. C. Cancel his flight. 2. Where are the speakers? A. In a restaurant. B. In the man's office. C. In a theater. 3. Why can't the woman pick up the man now? A. Her car is under repair. B. She can't find her car. C. She locked her car key in her house. 4. How does the man feel? A. Happy. B. Worried. C. Shocked. 5. How many pages will the woman write this weekend? A. Two B. Three. C. Five. - 2 - 第二节（共 15 小题; 每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 要对话或独自。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What is the woman doing? A. Deciding on the time for a holiday trip. B. Learning about some festival customs. C. Looking through her learning schedule. 7. When is Easter this year? A. Before April 8th. B. On April8th. C. After April 8th. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。 8. How will the man go to the Art Museum? A. By motorbike. B. By bus. C. By car. 9. What should the man do when he comes to the third turning? A. Tum right. B. Turn left. C. Go straight. 10. Where is the Art Museum? A. Opposite a bus station. B. Beside a hotel. C. Behind a bank. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。 11. What is the man doing? A. Making an appointment. B. Delaying an appointment. C. Rearranging an appointment. 12. When will Dr. White be available in the afternoon? A. On March 8. B. On March 2. C. On March 18. 13. Why does the man want an early morning appointment? A. To do paperwork. B. To play golf. C. To check in. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。 14. What does Carol do when she volunteers? A. She performs for children. B. She picks up trash. C. She serves dinner. - 3 - 15. How often does Carol volunteer? A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. 16. What does Jim worry about if he joins Carol? A. Choosing a boring book. B. Reading books for hours. C. Knowing little about the story. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What does the speaker want her kids to do first? A. Help with the dishes. B. Go to bed immediately. C. Pick out clothes for tomorrow. 18. When will the family probably leave their house tomorrow? A. At 5：00a.m. B. At 6：00a.m. C. At 7：00a.m. 19. Why doesn't the speaker make dinner? A. There is no food left at home. B. She doesn't want to make a mess. C. She has already eaten at a restaurant. 20. Where is the woman talking to her kids? A. In her house. B. In a restaurant. C. At an airport. 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。 A New Scientist Discovery Tour Amazing science-inspired tours across the globe with experts on board and in the company of fellow travelers who enjoy the discovery of science Space: Past and Future: USA 14 days for £4.799 - 4 - Departing 6th May and 14th September 2020 Follow the USA's footsteps in exploring space with this comprehensive tour of NASA's space centers and other key sites, including the Very Large Array in attractive New Mexico. Plus, visit the world's first commercial spaceport with leading researchers. The Science of the Renaissance（文艺复兴）: Italy 7days for £1,825 Departing 3rd March and 3rd November 2020 Embark on a cultural adventure to the great science cities of Florence and Bologna, as architecture expert Andrew Spira and science historian Professor David Wootton guide you through the great discoveries and minds of the Renaissance. Land of Fire and Ice: Iceland 8 days for £2,249 Departing 31st October and 7th November2020 Marvel at erupting geysers（喷泉）, glaciers and waterfalls on a trip of volcanic and geological（地质的）adventure. Joined by volcanologist Tamsin Mather, discover the best of Iceland with a chance to see the Aurora Borealis. Tiger Conservation Safari: India 9 days for £3,850 Departing 10th April 2021 Involve yourself in jungle life in the search for the Bengal tiger. Learn how to protect the rich wildlife you encounter at India's reserves, complete with a masterclass in tracking and stay in a cozy lodge（小屋）. 1. Which tour is scheduled in May? A. Space: Past and Future: USA B. The Science of the Renaissance: Italy C. Land of Fire and Ice: Iceland - 5 - D. Tiger Conservation Safari: India 2. How much will it cost if you are interested in Florence? A. £4,799. B. £1,825. C. £2,249. D. £3,850. 3. What can tourists do during the Iceland tour? A. Explore space with researchers. B. See geysers，glaciers and waterfalls. C. Discover the culture of the Renaissance. D. Learn about protecting wildlife while travelling. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 【解析】 本文是应用文 ，文章介绍了几个环球科学之旅，让你在专家的陪伴下，享受科学发现的乐趣。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Space: Past and Future: USA 之旅的介绍中“ Departing 6th May and 14th September 2020”可知，Space: Past and Future: USA 之旅安排在 2020 年 5 月 6 日至 9 月 14 日之间。故选 A 项。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 The Science of the Renaissance（文艺复兴）: Italy 之旅的介绍中， “7days for £1,825”，如果你想踏上前往佛罗伦萨和博洛尼亚的文化冒险之旅，将花费 1， 825 英镑。故选 B 项。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Land of Fire and Ice: Iceland 之旅的介绍中，“Marvel at erupting geysers（喷泉）, glaciers and waterfalls on a trip of volcanic and geological（地 质的）adventure.”可知，游客在冰岛可以欣赏到喷泉、冰川和瀑布。故选 B 项。 B Fifteen stores have been permanently barred from using Alibaba's online shopping platform for selling fake（伪劣的）or substandard surgical masks during the pneumonia outbreak caused by a novel coronavirus（冠状病毒）, the e-commerce giant said on Wednesday. - 6 - Five of the 15 online shops barred by Tuesday had been referred to public security bureaus（公安局）for further investigation, Alibaba said in a statement. "We'll continue efforts to fight people making or selling fake goods related to epidemic（流行的）prevention and control on our platform and give them hard punishments, "it said, adding it had zero tolerance for such sellers. Those engaging in price gouging（哄抬）or false advertising would also be punished more heavily, and the company said it would regularly disclose the names of problematic shops and the punishments they received. “All the moves are not only to shoulder more responsibility for protecting consumers' interests, but also to show our utmost respect to online sellers who obey the laws and participate in the fight to prevent and control the epidemic,” it said. Promising to let those engaging in improper or illegal behavior during the epidemic period go broke, with "no space to live in Alibaba", the company also called on other e-commerce platforms to shut their doors to such problematic sellers, and suggested government departments should add them to a dishonesty blacklist. 4. What does the underlined word "barred" most probably mean? A. Encouraged. B. Banned. C. Chosen. D. Forgiven. 5. Why are the five online shops invested by public security bureaus? A. Because they might avoid further investigation. B. Because they might have no licenses to sell medical articles. C. Because they might make or purchase surgical masks illegally. D. Because they might sell surgical masks on other e-commerce platforms. 6. What does Alibaba expose the names of those shops and their punishments for? A. Advertising Alibaba's online shopping platform. B. Getting more money from public security bureaus. C. Punishing buyers who buy fake or substandard goods. D. Protecting consumers' and online sellers' proper interest. 7. What is the last paragraph mainly about? A. Alibaba's zero tolerance for bad dealers. - 7 - B. Government's punishment for dishonesty. C. Support from other e-commerce platforms. D. Improper or illegal business behavior of sellers. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A 【解析】 本文是新闻报道。阿里巴巴永久关闭了在疫情期间利用阿里巴巴网上购物平台销售假冒伪劣 或不合格的外科口罩的 15 家网店。阿里巴巴表明了对不诚信卖家的零容忍态度。 【4 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词后的部分“…using Alibaba's online shopping platform for selling fake（伪劣的）or substandard surgical masks during the pneumonia outbreak”， 根据背景知识，在新冠状病毒期间，利用阿里巴巴的网上购物平台，销售伪劣的或不合格的 外科口罩的行为应该是被禁止的。因此可以推测，bar 意思为“禁止”。故选 B 项。 【5 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“We'll continue efforts to fight people making or selling fake goods related to epidemic（流行的）prevention”可知，这五家网店因为制造或销 售假冒伪劣的外科口罩而被公安局调查的。故选 C 项。 【6 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 第 五 段 中 “ ‘All the moves are not only to shoulder more responsibility for protecting consumers' interests, but also to show our utmost respect to online sellers who obey the laws and participate in the fight to prevent and control the epidemic, ’”可知， 阿里巴巴披露有问题的商店的名字和对他们的惩罚 是为了保护消费者的利益，也是为了向遵守法律的网络卖家表示尊重，保护这些卖家的利益。 故选 D 项。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。文章最后一段中提到：阿里巴巴许诺让那些在疫情期间从事不正当或非法行为的 人破产，“在阿里巴巴没有生存空间”，并呼吁其他电子商务平台对这些问题卖家也关闭大 门，并建议政府部门将他们列入不诚实黑名单。这表明了阿里巴巴对那些在疫情期间不诚信 卖家的零容忍态度。故选 A 项。 C As the climate warms, birds are shrinking and their wingspans are growing, - 8 - according to a new study. Researchers analyzed 70,716 birds from 52 kinds of North American migratory（迁徙的）bird species collected over 40 years. The authors say the study is the largest of its kind and that the findings are important to understanding how animals will adapt to climate change. "We found almost all of the species were getting smaller." said lead author Brian Weeks, an assistant professor at the University of Michigan. "The species were pretty diverse, but responding in a similar wav." he said. "The consistency was shocking." He said studies of animal responses to climate change often focus on shifts in geographical range or timing of life events, like migration and birth. But this study suggests body morphology（形态）is a crucial third aspect. "That's one major implication," he said, "It's hard to understand how birds will adapt without taking all three of these things into consideration." The findings showed that from 1978 to 2016, the length of the birds' lower leg bone shortened by 2.4%. Over the same time, the wings lengthened by 1.3%. The evidence suggests warming temperatures caused the decrease in body size, which in turn caused the increase in wing length. "Migration is an incredibly taxing thing they do," Mr. Weeks said, explaining that the smaller body size means less energy available for the birds to complete their long journeys. He says the birds most likely to survive migration were the ones with longer wingspans and smaller bodies. The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink. One theory is that smaller animals are better at cooling off, losing body heat more quickly. 8. What's the best title for the text? A. All of the Birds Are Getting Smaller B. Animals Are Adapting to Climate Change C. Climate Change Is Causing Birds to Shrink D. Scientists Are Finding Causes of Warm Climate - 9 - 9. What made Brian Weeks feel astonished? A. It took 40 years to collect 70,716 birds from North America. B. Many birds are shrinking when responding to the climate change. C. All migratory bird species were collected to do the important research. D. So many researchers take part in the largest study to work out the findings. 10. What does the underlined word "taxing" most probably mean? A. Tiring. B. Important C. Easy. D. Pleasant 11. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. The migratory birds aren't big. B. The temperatures will be higher. C. The scientists will go on further study. D. The smaller animals will surely live longer. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，研究表明随着气候变暖，鸟类数量在减少，鸟的体型在缩小， 翅膀也在增长，原因未知。 【8 题详解】 主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，全文围绕一项研究发现展开。由第一段第一句“As the climate warms, birds are shrinking and their wingspans are growing, according to a new study.”（一项新的研究显示，随着气候变暖，鸟类在缩小，翅膀也在增长。）和最后一 段第一句“The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink.”（科学家们还不清楚为什么温度升高会导致鸟类缩小。）可知这篇文章主要讲了研 究表明随着气候变暖，鸟类数量在减少，鸟的体型在缩小，翅膀也在增长，原因未知。这篇 文章最好的题目是“气候变化正导致鸟类缩小”，故选 C 项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。由第二段的“"We found almost all of the species were getting smaller." said lead author Brian Weeks, an assistant professor at the University of Michigan.” （“我们发现几乎所有的物种都在变小。”密歇根大学助理教授 Brian Weeks 说。）和第三段 - 10 - 的“"The species were pretty diverse, but responding in a similar wav." he said. "The consistency was shocking."”（他说：“这些物种非常多样化，但它们的反应是相似 的。”“这种一致性令人震惊。”），可知 Brian Weeks 认为许多鸟类在应对气候变化时都在 缩小令人震惊。故选 B 项。 【10 题详解】 词义猜测题。由倒数第三段的 Mr. Weeks said, explaining that the smaller body size means less energy available for the birds to complete their long journeys.”（Weeks 先生 解释说，体型越小，鸟类完成长途旅行所需的能量就越少。）可知划线词所在的句子意思是迁 徙是一件非常疲劳的事情，因此 taxing 在此处意为“疲劳的”，用 tiring 代替。故选 A 项。 【11 题详解】 推 理判 断题 。 由最 后一 段 第一 句“The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink.”（科学家们还不清楚为什么温度升高会导致鸟类缩 小。）可知科学家还不知道气温升高导致鸟类缩小的原因，可推断出科学家们将继续深入研究。 故选 C 项。 【点睛】推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系， 结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章 的深层涵义。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文， 在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分——推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分—— 推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。如在第 4 小题中，最后一段第 一句“The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink.”，是已知部分，通过结合原文进行合理地逻辑判断，可推断出科学家们将继续深入 研究。故选 C 项。 D The fact that over 1.24 million people lose their lives each year in road accidents is a horrifying statistic that could soon be prevented. It should be of no surprise to understand that the autonomous vehicle industry is predicted to be worth $2.6 trillion a year within 15 years. What's the future of personal transportation? Well, you'll likely be spending a lot less time behind the wheel, for one. The rise of self-driving cars means that some scenes out of science-fiction flicks（电影）（think Total Recall or I, Robot） - 11 - are now reality—and even more will be available soon. Cars today already include many semi-autonomous features, like assisted parking and self-braking systems. And completely autonomous vehicles—able to operate without human control—are rapidly becoming more of a reality. You're probably familiar with Google's version, which has made headlines with its Google Chauffeur software, which the company hopes to bring to market by 2020. The pros of autonomous cars are many. "The sensors in a self-driving car are always observing, are not affected by the state of the driver（sleepy, angry, etc.）, and can scan in multiple directions simultaneously（同时地）," says Dr. Dominique Freckmann, an automotive engineering manager at TE Connectivity, "Autonomous driving is a key aspect of the industry's drive toward safer roadways." "Recent NHTSA research shows that approximately 94 percent of accidents are caused by human error," adds Alan Amici, a vice president of automotive engineering at TE. "Cars with advanced safety features and eventually, self-driving cars, can significantly reduce the number of collisions. The impact of this innovation can be far-reaching, including reduced demand on emergency response systems and reduced auto insurance and health care costs." 12. What is the author's attitude towards the autonomous vehicle industry? A. Positive. B. Disapproving. C. Uncaring. D. Doubtful. 13. Why is Google Chauffeur software given as an example here? A. Because people believe Google will sell it in 2020. B. Because it is the most famous software of the company. C. Because people are all familiar with the famous software. D. Because it shows completely autonomous vehicles will be true. 14. Which is the main reason why Alan Amici favors self-driving? A. Self-driving will cost less than now. B. People will easily save a lot of time. C. Self-driving will be safer than now. - 12 - D. People will rely more on auto insurance. 15. What is the author's purpose of writing the text? A. To show his adoration of self-driving cars. B. To predict the future of personal transportation. C. To prevent so many road accidents caused by driving. D. To introduce the benefits of autonomous vehicle industry. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍无人驾驶汽车行业的优势。 【12 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句 It should be of no surprise to understand that the autonomous vehicle industry is predicted to be worth $2.6 trillion a year within 15 years. “自动驾驶汽车行业预计将在 15 年内每年创造 2.6 万亿美元的价值，这一点应该不 足为奇。”由此可知，作者对自动驾驶汽车行业的态度是“积极的”。故选 A。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中 And completely autonomous vehicles—able to operate without human control—are rapidly becoming more of a reality. You're probably familiar with Google's version, which has made headlines with its Google Chauffeur software, which the company hopes to bring to market by 2020. “而完全自主的车辆——能够在无人控 制的情况下运行——正迅速成为现实。你可能熟悉谷歌的版本，它的谷歌司机软件已经成为 头条新闻，该公司希望在 2020 年推向市场。”由此可知，这里之所以给出了一个谷歌司机软 件的例子，是因为它表明完全自动驾驶汽车将成为现实。故选 D。 【14 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中 Cars with advanced safety features and eventually, self-driving cars, can significantly reduce the number of collisions.“拥有先进安 全性能的汽车，以及最终的自动驾驶汽车，可以显著减少碰撞次数。”由此可知，艾伦·阿 米奇(Alan Amici)喜欢自动驾驶的主要原因是“自动驾驶将比现在更安全。”故选 C。 【15 题详解】 目的意图题。根据第二段 you'll likely be spending a lot less time behind the wheel, for one. The rise of self-driving cars means that some scenes out of science-fiction - 13 - flicks（电影）（think Total Recall or I, Robot）are now reality—and even more will be available soon. “首先，你开车的时间可能会少很多。自动驾驶汽车的兴起意味着科幻 电影中的一些场景(想想《全面回忆》或《我，机器人》)现在已经成为现实，而且很快还会 有更多的场景出现。”由此可知，这篇文章的目的是为了介绍无人驾驶汽车行业的优势。故 选 D。 第二节（共 5 小题; 每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Level up Your Self-Control By definition, self-control is the ability to do something that benefits your long-term goals, instead of something that might satisfy your immediate desires.____16____--we end up sacrificing the well-being of our future selves all too easily. ____17____? Angela Duckworth, professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, says allocating resources between your present self and future self is an ongoing struggle. For example, exhibiting self-control over spending time on video games and social media, two of the most common temptations（诱惑）of the current era, means battling against age-old mechanisms in your brain. If you're willing to look deeply into your tendencies and weak points, you can recognize the handful of problems that you need to work on. ____18____To improve self-control at work, Duckworth first recommends taking a future-oriented approach to your day, such as planning breaks and the time for checking emails in advance. The problem of looking at your cell phone too often, say, can be solved by putting it on mute or, better yet, sticking it in your bag until lunch.____19____. Finally, Duckworth advises laying a foundation of self-control that you can build of in the future.____20____because of too little sleep the night before, or an insufficient meal in the morning. By practicing healthier living away from the workplace, you can gather the strength and stamina（毅力）to help you control your - 14 - worst urges when it matters most. A. One place to start would be the office B. What problems do you need to work on C. We've all experienced unproductive workdays D. But for many of us, short-term satisfactions are irresistible E. Why is exercising proper self-control so tricky for some, and how to do better F. If you can resist resigning you may achieve more on your overall self-control G. Removing the temptation from sight is key to ensuring you're faithful to your mission 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍我们的自制力无法抵抗短期的诱惑而牺牲我们长期的目标， 以及这个问题产生的原因和如何提高我们的自制力。 【16 题详解】 空格前一句“By definition, self-control is the ability to do something that benefits your long-term goals, instead of something that might satisfy your immediate desires.”表达的是按照定义，自制力是那种做一些对你自己长期目标有利的事情的能力， 而不是做一些可能满足你当下要求的事情。空格后一句“we end up sacrificing the well-being of our future selves all too easily.”表达的是我们实在太容易以牺牲我们 未来自己的幸福而结束。由此可见，空格前后表达的是两种对立相反的观点，空格处需表达 的是做一些短期当下要求的事情，与前一句形成对立。选项 D 表达的是“但是对于大多数的 我们，短期的满足感是无法抵抗的”，符合语境。故选 D。 【17 题详解】 空格下一段首句“Angela Duckworth, professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania, says allocating resources between your present self and future self is an ongoing struggle.”表达的是安吉拉·达克沃斯，一名宾夕法尼亚大学心理学教授， 说在你现在的自己和未来的自己直接进行资源分配是一个持续存在的难题。第四段“If you're willing to look deeply into your tendencies and weak points, you can recognize the handful of problems that you need to work on. ”表达的是如果你乐意进一步的探 究你的倾向和弱点，你可能会承认一把你需要去解决的问题。由空格后的这两句内容可知， - 15 - 空格后这两段内容都是对空格提出的问题的解答。选项 E“为什么训练合适的自制力对某些人 来说是非常棘手的，并且如何能做的更好”，和空格下一段首句表达的“持续存在的难题” 以及第四段“解决问题”相呼应。故选 E。 【18 题详解】 空格后一句提到“To improve self-control at work, Duckworth first recommends taking a future-oriented approach to your day, such as planning breaks and the time for checking emails in advance. ”可知，为了提高在工作上的自制力，达克沃斯首先建议你 的一天应该采用一种以未来为导向的方法，例如提前计划好休息时间和查邮件时间。空格后 一句是具体表达在工作环境如何提高自制力。选项 A“先开始的某个地方可能是办公室”，和 空格后一句描述的工作环境相呼应。故选 A。 【19 题详解】 空格前一句“The problem of looking at your cell phone too often, say, can be solved by putting it on mute or, better yet, sticking it in your bag until lunch.”可知， 太频繁地观看你的手机这个问题可以通过禁音或者更好的是，把它放在你包里直到午餐时间。 选项 G“去除来自视觉的诱惑是确保你忠诚于你的使命的关键”中的“视觉诱惑”和空格前 一句“太频繁观看你的手机”相呼应。故选 G。 【20 题详解】 空格后一句“because of too little sleep the night before, or an insufficient meal in the morning.”表示的是因为前天晚上睡眠不足，或者早餐的不足。由此可知，是对空格 原因的说明。选项 C“我们大家都经历过徒劳无效的工作日”中的徒劳无效的原因是睡眠不 足，或者早餐不足导致，符合语境。故选 C。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分） 第一节（共 20 小题：每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳 选项。 Matthew Warwick, then a 20-year-old college student suffered schizo-affective disorder（精神分裂症. He had to leave his university and stayed in a mental hospital. On a freezing December morning, Matthew____21____from the hospital. He____22____straight to Waterloo Bridge in London and climbed on the edge of bridge…____23____he was informed that his disease was a life sentence. - 16 - Hundreds of people passed by. Only one man called Alex Owen, then 25, ____24____and quietly walked to Matthew's side. “You're alright, man? Why are you____25____on a bridge?” At first Matthew wanted Alex to____26____him alone, but something in Alex's calm-down-to-earth manner touched his heart. Matthew felt____27____, like he could talk to him. "It's cold here. Why not have some coffee in a warm cafe? Everything will be OK." For the first time after the____28____Matthew felt perhaps it really might. He____29____back. The police, having received_____30_____from passers-by, were waiting there. They quickly put him into a police car, _____31_____he was to panic and jump. He lost sight of Alex, the person who'd brought him_____32_____. Matthew ended up back in hospital._____33_____,he was well enough to return to the_____34_____and finish his degree. Over the next six years. Matthew often_____35_____the stranger who had_____36_____him round. Eager to thank him in person, he posted a Facebook_____37_____nicknaming（化名）the good man Mike. His Find Mike post was_____38_____millions of times around the world. Matthew was overexcited when Alex called him two weeks after his_____39_____.They had a reunion, finally having that coffee they had first planned all those years ago. "Many people walked past, but because of Alex's_____40_____and sympathy, I've lived a good life." Matthew said. 21. A. escaped B. suffered C. separated D. exercised 22. A. looked B. headed C. returned D. rescued 23. A. why B. although C. because D. where 24. A. nervously B. boldly C. curiously D. calmly 25. A. leaning B. shouting C. sitting D. jumping 26. A. wander B. leave C. company D. encourage 27. A. faith B. pressure C. urgency D. regret - 17 - 28. A. coffee B. accident C. dialogue D. disease 29. A. posed B. climbed C. turned D. packed 30. A. aids B. supports C. calls D. gifts 31. A. in case B. so that C. so long as D. as far as 32. A. benefit B. despair C. memory D. hope 33. A. Eventually B. Automatically C. Immediately D. Initially 34. A. bridge B. university C. cafe D. hospital 35. A. dropped on B. depended on C. thought about D. worried about 36. A. talked B. moved C. shouted D. pulled 37. A. invitation B. praise C. alarm D. message 38. A. received B. shared C. pushed D. pursued 39. A. graduation B. departure C. post D. reunion 40. A. bravery B. generosity C. willingness D. kindness 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D 【解析】 本文是记叙文。20 岁的马修患了精神分裂症，被医生宣判终身“监禁”，对生活失去了希望， 爬到大桥上准备结束自己的生命。但是亚里克斯的善良帮助了他，使他重拾生活的信心。多 年后，他发帖找到了当年救他的人。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在 12 月一个寒冷的早晨，马修从医院逃了出来。A. escaped 逃脱； B. suffered 遭受；C. separated 分开；D. exercised 锻炼。根据“…stayed in a mental hospital. ”和下文的“…climbed on the edge of bridge” 可知，他擅自从医院里逃了 出来。故选 A 项。 【22 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他径直向伦敦的滑铁卢桥走去，爬上了桥的边缘。A. looked 看； B. headed 向……前进；C. returned 返回；D. rescued 救。马修向大桥走去，并爬到桥边。 - 18 - 故选 B 项。 【23 题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：因为他被告知他的病等于是终身监禁。A. why 为什么；B. although 虽然；C. because 因为；D. where 在哪里。是因为得知他的病毫无希望，所以爬到大桥边缘， 想结束自己的生命。所以前后句子为因果关系。故选 C 项。 【24 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：只有一个名叫亚历克斯·欧文的男人，当时 25 岁，镇静地走到马 修身边。A. nervously 紧张地；B. boldly 勇敢地，大胆地；C. curiously 好奇地；D. calmly 镇静地。根据下文的“something in Alex's calm-down-to-earth manner touched his heart.”可知，亚历克斯·欧文很镇静。故选 D 项。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你还好吗，老兄?你为什么坐在桥上?”A. leaning 倚靠；B. shouting 喊；C. sitting 坐；D. jumping 跳。根据上文“…and climbed on the edge of bridge” 可知，马修爬到桥上，坐在桥的边缘。故选 C 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初马修想让亚历克斯别管他。A. wander 漫步；B. leave 离开； C. company 陪伴；D. encourage 鼓励。根据常识可知，一个要自杀的人是不希望别人管的。 短语 leave sb. alone“别管，不打扰”。故选 B 项。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：马修感觉到了信心，就像他可以和他说话一样。A. faith 信心；B. pressure 压 力 ； C. urgency 紧 迫 感 ； D. regret 后 悔 。 根 据 “something in Alex's calm-down-to-earth manner touched his heart.” 可知，亚历克斯冷静而务实的态度打动 了他的心。马修觉得有了信心。故选 A 项。 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在疾病之后，马修第一次觉得也许真的一切可以（好起来）。A. coffee 咖啡；B. accident 事故；C. dialogue 对话；D. disease 疾病。根据上文“Matthew Warwick, then a 20-year-old college student suffered schizo-affective disorder（精神分裂 症）. ”可知，马修本来对生活失去了希望，亚历克斯对他的鼓励“Everything will be OK”， 让他生病后第一次有了信心，觉得会好起来的。故选 D 项。 【29 题详解】 - 19 - 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他爬了回来。A. posed 摆姿势；B. climbed 爬；C. turned 转身； D. packed 打包。上文提到“…and climbed on the edge of bridge”，亚历克斯的话给了 他信心，他从边缘爬了回来。故选 B 项。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：警察接到过路人的电话，正在那里等候。A. aids 帮助；B. supports 支持；C. calls 电话；D. gifts 礼物。按常理，是过路人看到这种情形，给警察打电话，通 知警察。故选 C 项。 【31 题详解】 考查连词辨析。句意：他们迅速把他放进警车里，以防他惊慌而跳（下去）。 A. in case 以 防万一；B. so that 以便，为了；C. so long as 只要；D. as far as 就……来说。根据“They quickly put him into a police car”可知，为了以防万一，警察迅速将他放进车里。故选 A 项。 【32 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他看不见给他带来希望的亚历克斯了。A. benefit 利益；B. despair 绝 望 ； C. memory 记 忆 ； D. hope 希 望 。 根 据 上 文 “For the first time after the____8____Matthew felt perhaps it really might. ”可知，亚里克斯的话使马修第一 次觉得一切会好起来，给了他希望。故选 D 项。 【33 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意： 最终，他身体康复了，回到大学完成了学业。A. Eventually 最 终；B. Automatically 自动地；C. Immediately 立即；D. Initially 最初，起初。最后的结 果是马修终于恢复了健康，回到了大学完成了学业。故选 A 项。 【34 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最终，他身体康复了，回到大学完成了学业。 A. bridge 桥； B. university 大学；C. cafe 咖啡馆；D. hospital 医院。根据“finish his degree”可知， 是回到大学继续学习。故选 B 项。 【35 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在接下来的六年里，马修经常想起那个把他说服的陌生人。 A. dropped on 顺便来访；B. depended on 依靠；C. thought about 想起；D. worried about 担心。根据下一句的“Eager to thank him in person”可知，马修很感激亚里克斯，因此 经常想起他。故选 C 项。 - 20 - 【36 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的六年里。马修经常想起那个把他说服的陌生人。A. talked 交谈；B. moved 移动；C. shouted 喊叫；D. pulled 拉。短语 talk sb. around“说服 ”。 六年前，是亚里克斯说服马修从桥上下来。故选 A 项。 【37 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为渴望亲自感谢他，他在 Facebook 上发布了一条消息，化名为 “好人迈克”。A. invitation 邀请；B. praise 表扬；C. alarm 警报；D. message 留言， 消息。根据下一句中的“His Find Mike post”可知，马修是在 Facebook 上发了一个消息。 故选 D 项。 【38 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的“寻找 Mike”的帖子在全世界被分享了数百万次。 A. received 接收；B. shared 分享；C. pushed 推；D. pursued 追求。根据 millions of times around the world.可知，网友都帮他寻找当年帮助他的人，分享他的帖子给更多的人。故选 B 项。 【39 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他发帖两周后，当亚历克斯给他打电话时，马修太激动了。A. graduation 毕业；B. departure 离开；C. post 帖子；D. reunion 重聚。根据上文“His Find Mike post”可知，亚里克斯在网上看到分享的帖子后，打电话给马修。故选 C 项。 【40 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“（当时）很多人从那里路过，但因为亚历克斯的善良和同情心， 我现在过得很好。”马修说。A. bravery 勇敢；B. generosity 慷慨；C. willingness 意愿； D. kindness 善良。亚里克斯帮助了马修， 使他有了重新生活的勇气，因此马修感谢他的善 良。故选 D 项。 第Ⅱ卷 第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Without arms or legs, the artist Adama Traore of Abidjan finds a unique way____41____（make）his art. Missing limbs（肢体）since birth, he attended a center for disabled youth at nine____42____he learned ways to paint. "When I was a child, my mum sent me to this white lady named Marie Odile in a - 21 - center for____43____disabled. I learned to paint there. Thanks to her effort, there were more than 100 disabled people in the Provindence center. The lady passed away and I ended up____44____the streets.” said Traore. It was a difficult life after his teacher died. Getting around was hard, and taxi drivers would not pick him up, ____45____（assume）he had no money. But he kept painting____46____（color）landscapes and portraits, earning some recognition and money. Traore____47____（slow）built up savings from his artwork and used it to open a small art studio. He got married and now____48____（go）to work by taxi. "Painting is good to____49____（one）health and lifts spirits. If I didn't paint, I don't know what I would do. But I do paint, and if I'm just sitting here, people would say this one is doing nothing he's a beggar. But when they see me working, they're saying this one is a_____50_____（work）." said Traore. That work earns Traore about 84 dollars for each painting. 【答案】41. to make 42. where 43. the 44. in 45. assuming 46. colorful 47. slowly 48. goes 49. one's 50. worker 【解析】 本文事新闻报道，报道了阿比让的没有四肢的艺术家阿达玛·特拉奥雷以画画谋生，用一种 独特的方式来创造他的艺术。 【41 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：因为没有胳膊和腿，阿比让的艺术家阿达玛·特拉奥雷找到了一种 独特的方式来创造他的艺术。短语 the way to do …“做……的方法”，the way 后接不定 式作定语，故填 to make。 【42 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：自出生后就没有四肢，他 9 岁时参加了一个残疾青年中心，在那里他 学会了绘画的方法。分析句子结构，空后是定语从句，先行词是 center，指地点，从句缺少 状语，因此用 where 引导定语从句。故填 where。 - 22 - 【43 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：“当我还是个孩子的时候，我妈妈把我送到在残疾人中心的一个名叫玛丽· 奥黛尔的白人妇女那里”。“the+形容词 disabled”表示一类人。 故填 the。 【44 题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：那位女士去世了，我最后流落街头。 短语 end up in ….“最后，最 终，以……告终”。故填 in。 【45 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：四处走动很困难，出租车司机都不愿意载他，因为他们认为他没有 钱。assume 和其逻辑主语 taxi drivers 是逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词作状语，表示 补充说明。故填 assuming。 【46 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但他继续画色彩斑斓的风景画和肖像画，得到了人们的认可，也赚到了 一些钱。修饰名词 landscapes，应该用形容词形式。故填 colorful。 【47 题详解】 考查副词。句意：特拉奥雷慢慢地从他的艺术作品中攒了一些钱，并用这些钱开了一家小型 艺术工作室。修饰谓语动词 built up，应该用副词形式。故填 slowly。 【48 题详解】 考查主谓一致。句意：他结婚了，现在乘出租车去上班。根据时间状语 now 应该用一般现在 时；主语是 he，因此用单数第三人称形式。故填 goes。 【49 题详解】 考查代词。句意：绘画对人们的健康有好处，可以振奋精神。代词 one 可泛指“人们，任何 人”；此处修饰名词 health，应用 one 的所有格形式 one’s，意思为“人们的，任何人的”。 故填 one's。 【50 题详解】 考查名词。句意：但是当他们看到我工作的时候，他们会说这是一个工人。在不定冠词 a 后 面应该是名词；根据句意， 与前一句的 a beggar 相对，应该是“工人”。故填 worker。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 35 分） 第一节短文改错（共 10 小题：每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 - 23 - 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（Λ），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 Dear Peter, I'm sorry to learn that you are addicted to social media so that my normal life is out of balance. Here is several suggestions for you to give it up. Firstly, instead surfing the Internet, try turn off your phone once in a while. Secondly, it is a good idea to develop a new hobby, such as hiking, that is related to the nature and can help you a lot. Finally, you can go to visit your friends or staying with your family to communicate with them face to face rather than online. The world is such wonderful; better not be trapping in an unreal world. Hope the advices will be of help to you. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】1. my → your 2. is → are 3.在 instead 后面加 of 4. turn → turning 5. that → which 6.去掉 nature 前面的 the 7. staying → stay 8. such → so 9. trapping → trapped 10. advices → advice/suggestions 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。文章讲述了，作者得知 Peter 沉迷于社交媒体，写信给予 Peter 不要沉迷 网络的几条建议。 - 24 - 【详解】1. 考查代词。本文是作者写信给 Peter，Peter 在文中用第二人称指代，此处指“Peter 的正常生活失去平衡了”，应用形容词性物主代词 your 指代。故将 my 改为 your。 2. 考查主谓一致。Here is several suggestions for you to give it up 是一个倒装句， 主语是 several suggestions（复数），谓语动词应用复数形式 are。故将 is 改为 are。 3. 考查固定搭配。instead of (n./doing/pron.)是固定搭配，意为“代替”。故在 instead 后面加 of。 4. 考查动名词。此处指“尝试偶尔关掉手机”，try doing sth.意为“尝试着做某事”，应 用动名词（doing）形式。故将 turn 改为 turning。 5. 考查定语从句关系词。先行词 a new hobby 后接一个非限制性定语从句，指物，在从句中 作主语，应用关系代词 which。故将 that 改为 which。 6. 考查名词。nature 一词作“自然界、自然、大自然”讲时，是个抽象名词，抽象名词表达 的概念是看不见摸不着的，连一个的概念都没有，与独一无二无关，不加任何冠词。故去掉 nature 前面的 the。 7. 考查动词。or 并列连词，前后语法结构一致，or 前的 go to visit your friends 是动词 原形短语，or 后也用动词原形。故将 staying 改为 stay。 8. 考查副词。此处指“很精彩”，应用副词 so 修饰形容词 wonderful。故将 such 改为 so。 9. 考查过去分词。此处指“最好不要被困在虚幻的世界里”，是被动语态（be done），应用 过去分词。故将 trapping 改为 trapped。 10. 考查名词。此处指“意见”（复数），advice 是不可数名词，不加 s，suggestion 是可数 名词，可加 s，应用 advice 或 suggestions。故将 advices 改为 advice/suggestions。 第二节书面表达（满分 25 分） 52.假定你是李华，将代表你班参加学校英语俱乐部的演讲比赛。请以"What are we studying for?"为题写一篇英语演讲稿，内容包括： 1.学习目的因人而异； 2.不同学习目的及原因； 3.你的学习目的及原因。 注意： 1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3.开头和结束语已为你写好。 - 25 - Dear members, I'm very glad to have the chance to speak on behalf of my class here. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________ That's all. Thank you! 【答案】Dear members, I'm very glad to have the chance to speak on behalf of my class here. What are we studying for? Different people may have different answers to this question. People may study for money, social status or the illustration of their ancestors. In fact each learning goal illustrates its own aim of life. For those above, they study mostly for their own benefits. But can they really reach their goals if they study only for themselves? Maybe you'll ask what I am studying for. To tell the truth, I'm studying for "the rise of China". I want to be a Lu Xun because I want to help those who are well in health but ill in mind to build up a better China. That's all, Thank you! 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于演讲稿。要求学生以"What are we studying for?"为题写一篇英语演讲稿， 并注意演讲内容要包含：学习目的因人而异；不同学习目的及原因；你的学习目的及原因等 三面方面。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：演讲稿 时态：文章应该为一般现在时 结构：总-分-总。 - 26 - 开头：首先说明自己的演讲主题。 正文：针对演讲的主题分析要说明的问题。 结尾：针对问题发出呼吁、号召、建议、决心等。最后致谢。 要求：演讲内容包含：1.学习目的因人而异； 2.不同学习目的及原因； 3.你的学习目的及原因； 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） on behalf of, answer to the question, social status, learning goal, as is known to all, build up ,however, as far as I am concerned,for one thing,for another, therefore,give a speech, in a word,It’s my great honor…,different opinions,to tell the truth, the aim of…, what I want to stress is that…,that’s all 第三步：连词成句 1. I'm very glad to have the chance to speak on behalf of my class here. 2. What are we studying for? 3. Different people may have different answers to this question. 4. In fact each learning goal illustrates its own aim of life. 5. They study mostly for their own benefits. 6. To tell the truth, I'm studying for "the rise of China". 7. I want to be a Lu Xun because I want to help those who are well in health but ill in mind to build up a better China. 8. That's all, Thank you! 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词和表观点词） 1.表观点意见:As is known to all, As far as I am concerned, to tell the truth, for one thing…, for another…, In my opinion,in fact 2.表转折关系: However,but 3.表因果关系：therefore,because 4.表总结关系: That’s all. In a word 第五步：润色修改 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。演讲稿是人们在工作和社会生活中经常使用的一种文体，它是在较为隆重的仪 - 27 - 式上和某些公众场所发表的讲话文稿，一般由三部分组成称呼语、正文和结束语。正文部分 应该针对演讲主题阐述要说明的问题。语言上演讲稿以简单句为主要的表达形式。作者在范 文中使用很多简单句来论述观点如“Different people may have different answers to this question.”，“In fact each learning goal illustrates its own aim of life.”等。 使用了较为高级的句式，如 who 引导的定语从句 I want to be a Lu Xun because I want to help those who are well in health but ill in mind to build up a better China.if 引 导的条件状语从句 But can they really reach their goals if they study only for themselves?。高级句式的使用彰显了作者对语言的良好驾驭能力。 - 28 -