高考英语二轮复习专题限时集训21阅读理解训练7篇章结构题

高考英语二轮复习专题限时集训21阅读理解训练7篇章结构题

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 专题限时集训(二十一) 阅读理解 训练 7 篇章结构题 A (2016·广东省五校协作体联考) There are many places to go on safari in Africa，but riding a horse through the flooded waters of Botswana's Okavango Delta must rank as one of the world's most exciting wildlife journeys. Several safari camps operate as the base for this adventure ， providing unique rides twice a day to explore deep into the delta.The camps have excellent horses，professional guides and lots of support workers.They have a reputation for providing a great riding experience. The morning ride，when the guides take you to beautiful，shallow lakes full of water lilies，tends to be more active.It is unlike any other riding experience with rainbows forming in the splashing water around you and the sound of huge drops of water bouncing off your body and face.It is truly exciting.You are very likely to come across large wild animals，too.On horseback it is possible to get quite close to elephants，giraffes and many other animals.The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though，and so does your heart rate，as you move closer to them. In the evening，rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace，with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink.Sedate though they are, rides at this time of day are still very impressive.As the sun's rays pass through the dust kicked up by the horses，the romance of Africa comes to life. Back at the camp you can kick off your boots and enjoy excellent food and wine.Looking back on your day，you will find it hard to deny that a horseback safari is as close as you will ever come to answering the call of the wild. 本文主要介绍了非洲的游猎。 1．What does the author find most exciting about a horse safari? A．Seeing and feeling the real African life. B．Enjoying good food and wine at the camp. C．Hunting large animals just as our ancestors did. D．Being part of the scene and getting close to animals. D [细节理解题。根据第三段中的“On horseback it is possible to get quite close 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 to elephants，giraffes and many other animals.The sense of excitement and tension levels rise suddenly though，and so does your heart rate，as you move closer to them.” 可知，骑在马背上最令人激动的事情是置身风景中并接近各种动物，即 D 项正确。] 2．What does the underlined word “sedate” probably mean? A．Wild and romantic. B．Slow and peaceful. C．Hungry and thirsty. D．Active and excited. B [词义猜测题。根据第四段中的“In the evening，rides are usually at a more relaxed and unhurried pace，with golden light streaming across the grassy delta and the animals coming out to eat and drink.Sedate though they are”可知，在这样的环 境下，动物们应该是安静的、行动缓慢的，即 B 项正确。] 3．The author introduced the riding experience in the Okavango Delta mainly by ． A．following space order B．following time order C．making classifications D．giving examples B [文章结构题。根据文中的“The morning ride”“In the evening”可知，作者是 按照时间顺序来介绍自己的旅行经历的，即 B 项正确。] 【导学号：85602076】 B (2016·济南市高三模拟) People need to seek out new foods because the world has so many mouths to feed.As of 2015，there are more than seven billion people on Earth, according to the United Nations.And by 2100 that number may double.Feeding all of these people means not only improving the way foods are grown，but also finding new sources of nutrition. And that quest is becoming ever more urgent.If nothing changes，within 35 years， the world's appetite will be greater than the amount of foods produced.That's according to a report released last year.It was prepared by the Global Harvest Initiative，a private agriculture group based in Washington，D.C. Global warming, too, is changing food production.Scientists predict that rising temperatures will reduce the growth of important crops like wheat，corn and soybeans.Low income developing countries will be hit the hardest.When harvests 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 fall，crops become more expensive.And since those foods are also used to feed animals like cows and pigs，meat prices，too，will rise. All over the world, researchers are racing against the clock to figure out how best to feed more people in a fastchanging world.And some surprising ideas have begun to come up.Two years ago，scientists introduced the first burger made from meat grown in a lab.The project cost more than $300，000，but it's a start.Other researchers are developing seeds that can survive high temperatures and drought.Still other are finding ways to improve the genes of meat animals so they produce more meat and can stand the heat. A gloomy(悲观的) forecast for the planet isn't the only reason to study foods for the future.It's a creative quest that will inspire people who can think in new ways about existing plants and animals—even insects.These researchers have used their talents in ways that even they never would have predicted. 本文主要讲的是在全球变暖的环境下，人们应如何应对日益膨胀的人口的温饱问题。 4．How does global warming affect lowincome developing countries? a．Increase meat prices. b．Raise the temperature. c．Reduce the growth of crops. d．Lead to the high cost of life. e．Cause a higher price for crops. A．b→a→c→d→e B．c→a→b→d→e C．d→e→c→a→b D．b→c→e→a→d D [细节理解题。根据第三段的整体内容可知，全球变暖首先是导致气温上升，然后是 农作物减产，从而使农作物价格上涨，进而肉类涨价，最终会导致人们生活成本增加。] 5．What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 4? A．New ways of farming. B．Some great researchers. C．Progress in food research. D．Achievements in lab experiments. C [段落大意题。根据第四段的第二句“And some surprising ideas have begun to come up.”并结合本段的整体内容可推知，本段主要讲述的是食物研究方面的进步。] 6．What will be discussed in the following paragraph? A．Examples of successful food researchers. B．Different opinions about the future food. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 C．Methods of dealing with global warming. D．Possibilities of feeding the present population. A [推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“These researchers have used their talents in ways that even they never would have predicted”并结合本段的整体内容 可推知，下文会举一些成功的食物研究者的例子。] 【导学号：85602077】 C (2016·北京高考) Why College Is Not Home The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy (自主性) and the development of adult identity.However，now they are becoming an extended period of adolescence，during which many of today's students are not shouldered with adult responsibilities. For previous generations，college was a decisive break from parental control； guidance and support needed to come from people of the same age and from within.In the past two decades，however，continued connection with and dependence on family， thanks to cell phones，email and social media，have increased significantly.Some parents go so far as to help with coursework.Instead of promoting the idea of college as a passage from the shelter of the family to autonomy and adult responsibility， universities have given in to the idea that they should provide the same environment as that of the home. To prepare for increased autonomy and responsibility，college needs to be a time of exploration and experimentation.This process involves “trying on” new ways of thinking about oneself both intellectually (在思维方面) and personally.While we should provide “safe spaces” within colleges，we must also make it safe to express opinions and challenge majority views.Intellectual growth and flexibility are fostered by strict debate and questioning. Learning to deal with the social world is equally important.Because a college community (群体) differs from the family，many students will struggle to find a sense of belonging.If students rely on administrators to regulate their social behavior and thinking pattern，they are not facing the challenge of finding an identity within a larger and complex community. Moreover，the tendency for universities to monitor and shape student behavior runs up against another characteristic of young adults：the response to being 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 controlled by their elders.If acceptable social behavior is too strictly defined (规定) and controlled，the insensitive or aggressive behavior that administrators are seeking to minimize may actually be encouraged. It is not surprising that young people are likely to burst out，particularly when there are reasons to do so.Our generation once joined hands and stood firm at times of national emergency.What is lacking today is the conflict between adolescents' desire for autonomy and their understanding of an unsafe world.Therefore，there is the desire for their dorms to be replacement homes and not places to experience intellectual growth. Every college discussion about community values，social climate and behavior should include recognition of the developmental importance of student autonomy and selfregulation，of the necessary tension between safety and selfdiscovery. 本文是一篇议论文。大学生走出了家门，还没有进入社会，因此他们的大学时期应该是 从受家庭庇护到拥有自主性和承担起成年人的职责的一个过渡时期。但是随着手机等社交传 媒的应用，大学生依旧受到家庭的管制和庇护。作者针对这一问题发表了自己的看法，探讨 了校方应该如何处理。 7．What's the author's attitude toward continued parental guidance to college students? A．Sympathetic. B．Disapproving. C．Supportive. D．Neutral. B [推理判断题。第一段中作者提到大学期间应该让学生培养自主性，让他们向成年人 的身份转变，但是如今的大学生没有肩负起成年人的职责；第二段中作者分析了原因，指出 这是因为家长在孩子读大学之后还通过手机、邮件等方式帮助上大学的子女，结果，大学就 成了与家庭一样的环境。由此可推知，作者对于这种现象是不赞成的，故选 B 项。] 8．The underlined word “passage” in Paragraph 2 means ． A．change B．choice C．text D．extension A [词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句子的前后语境可知，此处指把大学阶段作为从受到 家庭的庇护到拥有自主性和担负起成年人职责的“转变”，故选 A 项 change。] 9．According to the author，what role should college play? A．To develop a shared identity among students. B．To define and regulate students' social behavior. C．To provide a safe world without tension for students. D．To foster students' intellectual and personal development. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 D [细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，大学教育应该尝试新的方法培养学生在思维方 面和个性方面的发展，故 D 项正确。由第四段内容可知，学生如果依靠管理方来规范他们的 社交行为和思维模式，就不能面对在一个更大和复杂的社交环境中寻找自己的身份带来的挑 战，故排除 A 项(应该是鼓励他们 finding an identity)；由第五段内容可知，大学监管和 塑造学生的行为表现会引起学生的反感，故排除 B 项；最后一段说，大学在社会价值、风尚 和行为规范方面的讨论应该包括对学生自治和自我规范的发展的重要性的认识、对安全和自 我发现之间必要的紧张关系的认识，故排除 C 项。] 10．Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage? I：Introduction P：Point Sp：Subpoint(次要点) C：Conclusion C [文章结构题。通读全文可知，第一、二段起到以目前大学教育现状导入的作用，第 三段是第一个主要点(大学教育应该尝试新的方法培养学生在思维方面和个性方面的发展)， 第四段是第二个主要点(培养学生的社会实践能力)，第五、六段是第二个主要点的次要点， 第七段是结论(大学探讨应该包括意识到培养学生自主性、自我规范等方面的重要性)。]