【英语】2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习：Unit20单元话题语篇训练（每单元3练）练习

【英语】2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习：Unit20单元话题语篇训练（每单元3练）练习

Unit 20 单元话题·语篇训练（每单元3练）‎ 课时练(一)　阅读理解组块专练——练速度 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·贵阳监测)In no particular order, here are some songs on the Music app of my phone：‎ On a Sunday Afternoon by Lighter Shade of Brown — A student of mine introduced this rap song to me all the way back in the early 1990s, when I was teaching Spanish at a local university. The story in the song takes place not too far from where I live in Los Angeles. It's a good “driving” song, nothing complicated or “deep”．‎ Say Something by A Great Big World — A more recent song about a couple losing contact with each other. The piano part is of very little playing but beautiful.‎ American Pie by Don McLean — Another song from my youth in the 1980s, very popular with almost every American of my generation. It retells some of the key events of the middle 20th century, a song of happy memories of the past and wanting to return to those better times.‎ The Weight by The Band — Another old song, originally made public in 1968, but one I didn't hear until I was in high school more than 10 years later. I don't understand the words to the song completely, but the feeling of the song is very comforting to me.‎ Under the Bridge by Red Hot Chili Peppers — This Los Angeles group wrote a song that I used to listen to when I first moved to LA more than 25 years ago. I didn't know anyone here when I first arrived. When I got bored, I used to drive up and down the major streets that cross the city from east to west, listening to this song about “the city of angels” being as “lonely as I am”. (Don't worry! I have plenty of friends now.)‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了在作者的手机音乐播放器中存的几首歌曲的相关信息。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined word “deep” probably mean?‎ A．With skill.‎ B．With comfort.‎ C．With a normal meaning.‎ D．With a significant meaning.‎ 解析：选D　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句中的“It's a good ‘driving’ song, nothing complicated”可知，此处表示这首歌是一首说唱乐，适合驾车时听，含义不复杂，故可推知这首歌没有重大的意义，所以选D。‎ ‎2．When did the author probably hear The Weight by The Band?‎ A．In 1968.　　　　　　　　 B．In 1970.‎ C．In the 1980s. D．In the 1990s.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“The Weight by The Band ... more than 10 years later”可知，这首歌于1968年发行，但是作者在十多年后才听到，所以作者有可能是在20世纪80年代听到这首歌的。‎ ‎3．When the author first moved to LA, the song he used to listen to was ________.‎ A．Say Something B．American Pie C．The Weight D．Under the Bridge 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，作者最开始到洛杉矶时经常听的一首歌是Under the Bridge。‎ B ‎(2019·昆明调研)When she was found off the coast of California four years ago, the fur seal, known as Ziggy Star, was skinny and fragile. She was unfit to return to the wild. And though a professional rescue team took her in to care for her, Ziggy continued to decline. “I wouldn't have given her next week，” says Uriarte, a surgeon who led a recent firstofitskind brain operation on the seal.‎ The operation was the first of its kind to treat hydrocephalus in fur seals. The surgical team at Tufts was unable to find any documented evidence of a similar procedure, so they needed a lot of preparation to operate on Ziggy's brain. The biggest concern in operating on Ziggy was how to control the animal's anesthesia (麻醉). “When they're under anesthesia their body's reaction includes decreasing their heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing，” says Flower, who observes Ziggy and the other animals' care, describing the special challenges of operating on seals. On the day of the surgery, Flower says that she and her team “were all quite anxious not knowing what would happen”. Moving quickly was extremely important; the longer she was under anesthesia, the more likely that she could lose her breathing, says the surgeon. The seal has been kept on land to prevent water from entering the cut on her head.‎ Now, Ziggy is eating a full diet and is beginning to gain weight again. “Recently I've allowed her to go swimming，” says Flower. However, the source of Ziggy's neurological disorder (神经紊乱) is still a mystery. “My theory is that when she was found, she had a head injury，” Uriarte says. “Hit by a boat maybe ... That happens a lot with seals.” Flower is less willing to guess. “I don't think there's enough information to make that assumption. We just don't know what happened to her.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是动物保护类记叙文。Ziggy Star是一只在加利福尼亚海岸被发现的非常瘦弱的海豹，因为Ziggy有脑积水，医生为她进行了手术，她现在已经能够正常进食，体重也在逐步恢复，但究竟是什么导致了她的神经紊乱，这依旧是一个谜。‎ ‎4．When first found, Ziggy Star looked ________.‎ A．thin and weak B．active and excited C．bloody and fierce D．strong and energetic 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的skinny(极瘦的)和fragile(虚弱的)可知，A项正确。‎ ‎5．What was the most challenging task on the day of the operation?‎ A．Helping the seal regain her breathing.‎ B．Using anesthesia properly on the seal.‎ C．Making full preparations for the operation.‎ D．Balancing the functions of the seal's organs.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The biggest concern in operating on Ziggy was how to control the animal's anesthesia (麻醉)”，由此可知，手术最大的挑战是如何控制麻醉，所以选B。‎ ‎6．What can we learn about Ziggy after the operation?‎ A．She is strong enough to live in the wild.‎ B．She is suffering from a heart rate disorder.‎ C．She has already become as heavy as before.‎ D．She is recovering from the brain operation.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段第一句“Now, Ziggy is eating a full diet and is beginning to gain weight again”，由此可知，手术后，海豹已经能够正常进食，体重也在恢复，所以选D。‎ ‎7．What is probably the author's purpose in writing the text?‎ A．To show humans' love for a creature.‎ B．To find out a way to operate on a seal.‎ C．To remember an injured seal in danger.‎ D．To explore the reasons for a seal's injury.‎ 解析：选A　目的意图题。作者在文章中介绍了拯救受伤海豹的过程，旨在说明人们对于动物的爱护，所以选A。‎ C ‎(2019·名校原创预测卷二)Even before we were born, we knew our mother's voice and could distinguish it from other voices. That's one of the key findings of an ongoing research project by Canadian and Chinese researchers. The research suggests that while we are still in the womb (子宫), our brains are learning speech patterns and laying the groundwork for language acquisition. “Before birth, the brain is being set up to learn language，” says Barbara Kisilevsky, who conducted the research.‎ It had already been known that newborn babies show a preference for their mother's voice,‎ ‎ but her latest research shows they also prefer that familiar sound while still in the womb. Kisilevsky carried out the first leg of the research in China, because she already had a research project under way there and this fit nicely with that work.‎ Working with researchers at Zhejiang University, Kisilevsky tested 60 women in the final stage of pregnancy. All the mothers were taperecorded as they read a poem out loud. Then the mothers were divided into two groups. Half the fetuses (胎儿) heard the recording of their own mother. The other half heard that of another mother, but not their own.‎ In both cases, the poem caused a change in the baby's heart rate. The heart rate accelerated among those who heard their own mother's voice, and decelerated among those who heard a voice other than that of their mother's.‎ Deceleration of the heart rate is “an attention mechanism (机制)”， Kisilevsky says. The heartbeat among fetuses who heard an unfamiliar voice slowed down, she says, because they were paying close attention to a voice they did not recognize. The fact that the heartbeat changed in both cases — up for Mom, down for someone else — shows the fetuses “noticed both voices”， she says, and could tell one from the other.‎ By the way, the poem is immaterial here. Kisilevsky suspects she would have had the same results if the mothers had been reading a phone book. “It's not the content that the fetuses recognized，” she says. “We all have our own way of talking. We stop at different times, take breaths at different times, and that's what they are recognizing.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项有关胎儿对声音的识别的研究。‎ ‎8．What did Kisilevsky's research find?‎ A．Babies are good language learners.‎ B．Babies' language acquisition begins after birth.‎ C．Babies can recognize Mom's voice while in the womb.‎ D．Infants are more sensitive to Mom's voice than fetuses.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Even before we were born, we knew our mother's voice and could distinguish it from other voices”并结合下文内容可知，我们在出生之前就已经熟悉母亲的声音，并能将其与其他声音区分开来。由此可知，婴儿在母亲的子宫中就能识别母亲的声音。故选C。‎ ‎9．What led to the change in fetuses' heart rate according to the research?‎ A．Their familiarity with the voice.‎ B．The quality of the recordings.‎ C．Their curiosity about everything.‎ D．The content of the poem recorded.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The heartbeat among fetuses who heard an ‎ unfamiliar voice slowed down, she says, because they were paying close attention to a voice they did not recognize”可知，胎儿在听到不熟悉的声音时，他们的心跳会减慢，因为他们把更多的注意力放在了他们不能识别的这个声音上。由此可知，在研究中，胎儿对声音的熟悉度的不同导致了他们心率的变化。故选A。‎ ‎10．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A．Adults talk in a way quite different from babies.‎ B．Kisilevsky firmly believes her findings are applicable.‎ C．Speech patterns are what fetuses recognize in telling voices.‎ D．Different experimental materials can lead to different results.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是“We all have our own way of talking. We stop at different times, take breaths at different times, and that's what they are recognizing”可知，胎儿在辨别声音时识别的是人们的说话方式，即他们的语言模式。故选C。‎ ‎11．In which column of a newspaper can we read this passage?‎ A．Medicine. B．Lifestyle.‎ C．Education. D．Science.‎ 解析：选D　文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项有关胎儿对声音的识别的研究，它最可能出现在报纸的科学专栏上。故选D。‎ D ‎(2019·名校原创预测卷一)As the Earth warms from the increase of carbon dioxide in its atmosphere, the oceans that cover 70 percent of its surface are warming too. This warming will likely benefit some sea species at the expense of others.‎ A study in the May 20 issue of the journal Nature confirmed that there has been a warming trend in the world's oceans since 1993, as the waters have absorbed much of the extra energy in the planet's atmosphere.‎ The warming that has already occurred, and is expected to continue in the coming decades, will likely spell bad news for many ocean species, such as corals and species that live in the cold waters of the planet's poles. But some creatures beneath the ocean surface might actually have an advantage in the newly warmed waters.‎ A 2008 study, for example, said that a warming of just a few degrees Fahrenheit in Antarctic waters could make them suitable for sharks, which haven't lived in the area for about 40 million years. It's easier for sharks to keep their high metabolism (新陈代谢) in warmer waters. If sharks do move into the area, they could cause damage to the existing ecosystems of the oceans around Antarctica.‎ A study of starfish (海星) found these typical ocean creatures grew faster in waters at warmer ‎ temperatures and higher carbon dioxide levels (another result of all the extra greenhouse gas in the atmosphere) than in normal conditions — which is bad news for the shellfish they live on.‎ Work by Jeremy Jackson, a professor at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography of the University of California San Diego, suggests that ocean warming — along with other threats such as overfishing and habitat (栖息地) destruction — could change once complex ocean ecosystems into ones that favor simpler species, such as microbes, toxic algal blooms and jellyfish.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。全球变暖会改变海洋生物的生存环境，影响海洋生态系统，但有些海洋生物却能从中获益。‎ ‎12．How is Paragraph 3 mainly developed?‎ A．By giving examples.‎ B．By analyzing causes.‎ C．By making comparisons.‎ D．By making classifications.‎ 解析：选C　写作手法题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“But”的转折可知，本段主要是通过对比海洋变暖对哪些生物有利，对哪些生物有害来行文的。故选C。‎ ‎13．What can we know about sharks from the fourth paragraph?‎ A．They are native to Antarctic waters.‎ B．They do harm to the whole ecosystem.‎ C．They can benefit from warm water conditions.‎ D．They threaten simpler species in Antarctic waters.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“a warming ... make them suitable for sharks”“It's easier for sharks to keep their high metabolism (新陈代谢) in warmer waters”可知，鲨鱼能够从温暖的水环境中获益。故选C。‎ ‎14．What will ocean warming likely bring about?‎ A．Promoting the growth of starfish.‎ B．An ecosystem of smaller creatures.‎ C．Different food sources for sea creatures.‎ D．Damaging living places of deepsea species.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第五段中的“A study of starfish (海星) found these typical ocean creatures grew faster in waters at warmer temperatures ... than in normal conditions”可知，海星在水温比较高的水域会生长得更快，即海洋变暖会促进海星的生长，故选A。‎ ‎15．What is the purpose of the passage?‎ A．To explain why ocean warming benefits some species.‎ B．To introduce how creatures survive in warmer oceans.‎ C．To clarify some misunderstandings about ocean warming.‎ D．To show which sea species will benefit from warmer oceans.‎ 解析：选D　写作意图题。纵观全文，尤其是根据第一段中的“This warming will likely benefit some sea species at the expense of others”，第四段中的“make them suitable for sharks”和第五段中的“these typical ocean creatures grew faster in waters at warmer temperatures”可知，作者写作本文主要是为了告诉我们哪些海洋物种能在海洋变暖中继续繁衍，即从中获益。故选D。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2019·名校原创预测卷三)School is children's base, where they learn to succeed.But for many children, the first day of school is filled with anxiety and fear.You might worry that you don't know anyone or that you won't fit in.__16__ However, preparing for the first day in advance will allow you feel more at ease and in control.‎ Do a practice run of your first day.Before the first day of school, it can help to take a practice run so you know how long it will take to walk, bike or drive to school.__17__‎ Get your school supplies together.Get a list of required school supplies from the school or the school's website.Go shopping for your supplies and make sure you have them all ready to take to school.‎ Get a good night's sleep.Start off your first day of school with a good night's sleep.__18__ Try to get at least 8 to 9 hours of sleep if you're over 12, or 10 to 11 hours of sleep if you're between 7 and 11 years old.‎ ‎__19__ You might be too nervous to eat much, but it's important that you give your body some fuel to get through until lunchtime.Eat something with protein, such as peanut butter toast or eggs.‎ Leave early for school.__20__ You don't want to be rushing into your classroom after the bell rings. Arriving early may also give you a chance to chat with a few other students and hopefully make a few new friends.‎ A．Eat a good breakfast.‎ B．Ask for advice on diet.‎ C．It will help you adjust and keep you out of trouble.‎ D．Then, know exactly where to go for your first class.‎ E．You worry that you might get lost, or if the teachers are strict.‎ F．Make sure you leave lots of time in the morning to get to school.‎ G．Being well rested will help avoid any nervousness you may be feeling.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何为入学第一天做好准备。‎ ‎16．解析：选E　根据空前的“You might worry that you don't know anyone or that you ‎ won't fit in”及空后表转折的副词“However”可知，空处内容仍是在说明第一天上学时你可能会有的担心，故E项“你担心自己可能会迷路，或者担心老师是否严厉”符合语境。‎ ‎17．解析：选D　根据本段的主旨句“Do a practice run of your first day”及空前的“so you know how long it will take to walk, bike or drive to school”可知，此处是说演练第一天上学的情景的好处，故D项“然后，你可以准确地知道你要去哪里上第一节课”符合语境。‎ ‎18．解析：选G　根据本段的主旨句“Get a good night's sleep”可知，本段主要讲的是开始第一天的学生生活之前要有好的睡眠，G项中的“well rested”与空前的“a good night's sleep”相呼应，故G项符合语境。‎ ‎19．解析：选A　根据下文中的“it's important that you give your body some fuel to get through until lunchtime.Eat something with protein, such as peanut butter toast or eggs”可知，给予你身体一些能够支撑你到午饭时间的能量很重要，你可以吃些含有蛋白质的东西，比如花生酱吐司或者鸡蛋。由此可知，A项“吃一顿好的早餐”符合语境。‎ ‎20．解析：选F　根据本段的主旨句“Leave early for school”可知，本段主要讲的是要早点从家出发去学校。再结合空后的“You don't want to be rushing into your classroom after the bell rings”可知，F项“确保你在早上留了足够的时间去学校”符合语境。‎ 课时练(二)　语言知识运用组块专练——练准度 ‎(限时：30分钟)‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 ‎(2019·名校原创预测卷一)Every act of kindness starts with something small, something we all can — and should — do every single day.‎ I'm Will Rubio, one of the __1__ of BYUtv's Random Acts show. We take hidden cameras to unexpected places to __2__ random acts of kindness. We've filmed acts __3__ from building disabledfriendly facilities (设施) for those who are badly __4__ them but can't afford them to returning a lost wallet.‎ On Random Acts, it may be a neighbor or a colleague who recognizes a need and __5__ an incredible chain reaction of service. __6__ the story of Emmalene Meyers. Like many young girls, Emmalene was __7__ to be a ballet dancer — but her physical disability makes even everyday tasks a(n) __8__. Instead of seeing a limitation, Emmalene's friend Lily __9__ an opportunity. Lily imagined Emmalene's dream being brought to life onstage and persuaded Random Acts to help make her plan __10__.‎ So, where can you start? The key is to be like Lily: look for an opportunity to make a __11__ to those in need, and then take action to make it happen. Being __12__ and involved in service is __13__ like any other goal you want to achieve. You have to __14__ it.‎ After two seasons of hosting Random Acts, the joy of __15__ burdens and brightening lives ‎ doesn't fade. I sometimes __16__ Random Acts might lose its feature eventually, but that couldn't be further from the __17__. When I finally meet the people we've been working to __18__ and see their genuine shock and appreciation, it __19__ me in the feel every time. I cry more than anyone else on the show.‎ Be that person doing acts of kindness out of the __20__ of your heart — be the nice you want to see in the world!‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过自己做节目的亲身经历告诉读者一个道理：所有的善举都始于小事，并呼吁人们将内心的善意付诸行动，成为最好的自己！　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎1．A.photographers B．directors C．viewers D．hosts 解析：选D　根据下文中的“After two seasons of hosting Random Acts”可知，作者是Random Acts这个节目的其中一个主持人。host“(电视或广播的)节目主持人”符合语境。photographer“摄影师”；director“导演”；viewer“电视观众”。‎ ‎2．A.expose B．conduct C．arrange D．advocate 解析：选A　此处指作者他们带着隐藏摄像机去到出人意料的地方，为的是展示(expose)随意的善举。conduct“指挥，引导”；arrange“安排”；advocate“提倡”。‎ ‎3．A.changing B．counting C．ranging D．transforming 解析：选C　作者他们拍摄的善举很多，包括从为那些非常需要却又负担不起的残疾人建造相应的设施到归还丢失的钱包等各类事情。range“包括(从……到……)之间的各类事物”符合语境。count“数数”；transform“使改观”。‎ ‎4．A.in search of B．in need of C．in defence of D．in favor of 解析：选B　参见上题解析。in search of“搜寻，搜索”；in need of“需要”；in defence of“保护，防护”；in favor of“支持，赞同”。‎ ‎5．A.sets off B．sets aside C．sets down D．sets out 解析：选A　根据语境可知，此处指可能是一位邻居或者同事意识到一种需要并引发一系列不可思议的反应——提供帮助。set off“引发，激起”符合语境。set aside“暂不考虑，留出”；set down“写下”；set out“出发，开始”。‎ ‎6．A.Retell B．Take C．Create D．Explain 解析：选B　此处指以Emmalene Meyers的故事为例。take“以……为例，将……‎ 作为例证”符合语境。retell“复述”；create“创作”；explain“解释”。‎ ‎7．A.anxious B．proud C．afraid D．unwilling 解析：选A　根据下文中的“Emmalene's dream being brought to life onstage”可知，像许多女孩子一样，Emmalene非常希望自己能成为一名芭蕾舞演员。anxious“渴望，非常希望”符合语境。proud“骄傲的，自豪的”；afraid“害怕的”；unwilling“不情愿的”。‎ ‎8．A.exception B．dilemma C．competition D．challenge 解析：选D　根据上文中的“her physical disability”可知，Emmalene身有残疾，所以日常的(生活)事务对她来说都是挑战。challenge“挑战，艰巨任务”符合语境。exception“例外的情况”；dilemma“(进退两难的)窘境，困境”；competition“竞争，角逐”。‎ ‎9．A.provided B．seized C．spotted D．missed 解析：选C　根据上文中的“recognizes a need”“Instead of seeing a limitation”及下文中的“look for an opportunity”可知，此处指Emmalene的朋友Lily发现了一个机会。 spot“发现，注意到”符合语境。provide“提供”；seize“抓住”；miss“错过”。‎ ‎10．A.successful B．acceptable C．reasonable D．available 解析：选A　根据本文“善举”这一主题及上文中的“Lily imagined Emmalene's dream being brought to life onstage and persuaded Random Acts to help make her plan”可知，此处指的应是在Random Acts节目的帮助下，Lily帮助Emmalene实现梦想的计划成功了。successful“成功的”符合语境。acceptable“可接受的，令人满意的”；reasonable“有道理的，合乎情理的”；available“可获得的，可找到的”。‎ ‎11．A.choice B．difference C．promise D．decision 解析：选B　寻找一个机会来影响那些身处困境中的人。make a difference“有影响，起作用”符合语境。make a choice“作出选择”；make a promise“作出承诺”；make a decision“作出决定”。‎ ‎12．A.generous B．caring C．ambitious D．sociable 解析：选B　根据文章主题及语境可知，此处指乐于助人并投身于服务工作就(just)像其他任何你想要实现的目标一样。caring“乐于助人的”符合语境。generous“慷慨的”；ambitious“有雄心的”；sociable“好交际的”。‎ ‎13．A.never B．even C．still D．just 解析：选D　参见上题解析。‎ ‎14．A.put up with B．make up for C．work at D．take to 解析：选C　根据语境可知，此处指你非得下功夫不可。put up with“容忍，忍受”；make up for“弥补”；work at“努力做，致力于”；take to“喜欢上……”。‎ ‎15．A.bearing B．carrying C．reducing D．overcoming 解析：选C　主持了两季的Random Acts后，作者从减轻(reducing)他人重担、改善他人生活中获得的快乐并没有消退。bear“忍受”；carry“承担，承受”；overcome“克服”。‎ ‎16．A.admit B．realize C．remember D．assume 解析：选D　有时作者认为Random Acts这一节目总有一天会失去其特色，但是事实(truth)远非如此。assume“认为，假设”符合语境。admit“承认”；realize“意识到”；remember“记得”。‎ ‎17．A.truth B．deadline C．destination D．boundary 解析：选A　参见上题解析。deadline“截止日期”；destination“目的地”；boundary“边界，界限”。‎ ‎18．A.accompany B．surprise C．locate D．please 解析：选B　根据下文中的“see their genuine shock”可知，此处应用surprise，表示“使惊奇，使诧异，使感到意外”。accompany“陪伴”；locate“确定……的准确地点”；please“取悦”。‎ ‎19．A.refreshes B．inspires C．hits D．satisfies 解析：选C　根据语境可知，此处指作者每次都会被那些人们表现出的真诚的惊讶和感激所感动。hit“打，击中”，在此引申为“感动”，符合语境。refresh“使恢复精力”；inspire“激励，鼓舞”；satisfy“使满意，使满足”。‎ ‎20．A.goodness B．curiosity C．faith D．whisper 解析：选A　根据语境及文章主题可知，此处指作者呼吁人们成为那个出于好心(goodness)来施行善举的人。out of the goodness of one's heart“某人是出于好心”，是固定用法。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎(2019·名校原创预测卷四)China's icebreaker Xue Long will set sail from Shanghai to the Antarctic.Its captain Zhu Bing said that the icebreaker would first travel to the tobebuilt new station before __1__ (make) a short stop at Zhongshan station.One of its main tasks is to build another research station in the Antarctic.‎ Once __2__ (complete), the new station would be the country's third yearround station in the Antarctic and the first to be lying __3__ the border of the Pacific Ocean.__4__ other two stations, the Great Wall Station and the Zhongshan Station, __5__ (build) in the 1980s.“This time around, we will build a 206squaremeter temporary base, which includes rooms for workers and a platform for large engineering __6__ (machine), to improve future construction work，” said Zhang Tijun of the Polar Research Institute of China, __7__ is the assistant leader of the expedition.‎ Sun Bo, the deputy director of the institute, was __8__ (confidence) to say that the construction of the station, which will __9__ (definite) meet international criteria for environmental __10__ (protect), will be finished as early as 2022.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。中国破冰船“雪龙”号将从上海起航，前往南极洲修建第三个南极常年科考站，该科考站是中国在太平洋边界建的第一个南极科考站，将最早于2022年完工。‎ ‎1．making　考查非谓语动词。介词后要用非谓语动词、名词、代词等作宾语，故用making。‎ ‎2．completed　考查非谓语动词。the new station与complete之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作状语。故用completed。‎ ‎3．on　考查介词。此处指科考站位于太平洋的边界处。on the border of sth.“在……的边界”。‎ ‎4．The　考查冠词。由后面提到的两个科考站可知，此处表特指，故用The。‎ ‎5．were built　考查时态和语态。另外两个科考站，长城站和中山站，建于20世纪80年代。根据时间状语“in the 1980s”可知，此处描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；句子的主语stations与build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故用were built。‎ ‎6．machines　考查名词复数。machine“机器，设备”是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故应用其复数形式。‎ ‎7．who　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且在从句中作主语，先行词是Zhang Tijun，指人，故用who。‎ ‎8．confident　考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，此处考查主系表结构，故用形容词confident。‎ ‎9．definitely　考查副词。空处修饰动词meet，应用副词。definitely“肯定，当然”。‎ ‎10．protection　考查名词。根据空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词。environmental protection意为“环境保护”。‎ 课时练(三)　写作强化增分练＋单元基础回扣练 一、写作强化增分练——练规范 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.短文改错 ‎(2019·名校原创预测卷五)Spring is my favourite season of the year.The days are not so hot even though the sun shone brightly.The trees and grasses look greener.Whatever I look, I can see so many pretty flowers.It rains sometimes but not so much.We needn't wear so many clothes to keeping ourselves warm.I like to play in my garden earlier in the morning.I feel energetically because it is clean and fresh on spring.On holidays, we would have the breakfast in the garden.It is pleasant to sit outside.They are so many things I like about spring.That is why is my favourite season.‎ 答案：第二句：shone→shines 第三句：grasses→grass 第四句：Whatever→Wherever 第六句：keeping→keep 第七句：earlier→early 第八句：energetically→energetic; on→in 第九句：去掉第一个the 第十一句：They→There 第十二句：why后加it Ⅱ.书面表达 ‎(2019·百校联盟猜题卷)假如你是李华，你的美国网友Tom对遍布中国大街小巷的扫码支付很感兴趣，特意给你写信想了解一下。请你根据以下提示给他回信：‎ ‎1．中国扫码支付的现状；‎ ‎2．扫码支付的方法：在智能手机上打开支付宝或微信，扫描二维码；‎ ‎3．扫码支付的好处。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．信的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：扫码支付Scan to Pay；支付宝Alipay；‎ 微信WeChat；二维码QR code Dear Tom，‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 　‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 参考范文：‎ Dear Tom，‎ I am more than pleased to have received your letter, in which you expressed great interest in the widelyused Scan to Pay, the way people pay for their purchases in China.‎ As everyone can see, the Scan to Pay is gaining more and more popularity among people.Because of its convenience, people, whether young or old, are paying by using their mobile phones.What they have to do is enter the app of Alipay or WeChat, and scan the QR codes.The Scan to Pay is advantageous in that it saves us the trouble of carrying cash on ourselves.Moreover, it enables us to pay whenever and wherever we like.‎ I am sure you will like it when you have tried it.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 二、单元基础回扣练——勤温故 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．You may as well confirm your flight reservation at latest 3 days in advance.‎ ‎2．They have figured out how much will be needed to build such a big house.‎ ‎3．By the time the bell rings, we will_have_finished (finish) the experiment in the lab.‎ ‎4．After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane took up her job as a doctor in the countryside.‎ ‎5．John often comes into conflict with his boss.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．She made donation of ＄5,000 to the Children's Hospital.made后加a ‎ ‎2．Although this medicine can cure you for your illness, it has a bad effect on you.for→of ‎3．She found herself in conflict to her parents over her future career.to→with ‎4．The value of this property was assessed with one million dollars.with→at ‎5．Do you ever correspond in your overseas friends？in→with Ⅲ.完成句子 ‎1．The victims in the big earthquake are waiting for the police to come_to_their_rescue.‎ 大地震中的受害者们正在等待警察的救援。‎ ‎2．I am grateful for your assisting_me_in_finishing/to_finish_the_experiment.‎ 感谢你帮我完成这项实验。‎ ‎3．In our school, the students are_not_permitted_to_use_phones in the campus.‎ 在我们学校，学生不允许在学校使用手机。‎ ‎4．The train won't leave in an hour; in_the_meanwhile/meantime,_we can have lunch.‎ 火车在一个小时内不会开走，在这期间我们可以吃午饭。‎ ‎5．There_is_no_doubt_that Mary performed well in the speaking competition.‎ 毫无疑问，玛丽在演讲比赛中表现出色。‎