【英语】2018届人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit4Earthquakes单元学案设计（27页含有详细解析）

【英语】2018届人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit4Earthquakes单元学案设计（27页含有详细解析）

‎2018届人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit 4　Earthquakes单元学案设计 单元话题词汇热身　‎ 一、背词汇 ‎[常用词汇]‎ ‎(1)measure n．　　　　 措施 ‎(2)behavior n. 行为 ‎(3)enjoyment n. 乐趣 ‎(4)image n. 形象 ‎(5)hardship n. 艰辛 ‎(6)pollute v. 污染 ‎(7)affect v. 影响 ‎(8)prevent v. 阻止 ‎(9)ruin v．　　　　　　　　 破坏 ‎(10)punish v. 惩罚 ‎(11)appreciate v. 感激 ‎(12)expose v. 揭露 ‎(13)nowadays adv. 如今 ‎(14)morally adv. 道德上地 ‎(15)do harm to 危害 ‎(16)can’t help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 ‎(17)give off 发出 ‎(18)have an effect on 产生影响 ‎[亮点词汇]‎ ‎(1)contribute v．　　　　　　　 贡献 ‎(2)environmentfriendly adj. 环境友好型的 ‎(3)increasingly adv. 日益地 ‎(4)deliver a speech 发言 ‎(5)in place of 代替 ‎(6)as well as 也，又，还 ‎(7)behave oneself 举止规矩有礼；检点 ‎(8)take sth. seriously 认真对待某事 二、学写句(按要求完成句子并背诵)‎ 改写句子 变换句式 这不仅仅是个坏习惯，也是不道德的。‎ 我们应该注意这个问题。‎ It is not only a bad habit but also morally wrong.(使用倒装句式)‎ We should take the problem seriously.‎ 单元基础知识回顾 ‎(Ⅰ)单词拼写 ‎1．Don’t forget to praise them sincerely (真诚地) when someone does something good.‎ ‎2．The children followed the tracks (踪迹), which looked like a rabbit’s, into the woods nearby.‎ ‎3．In general, a headline (大字标题) on the front page of a newspaper is to draw attention to the full story inside.‎ ‎4．The rose is a kind of delicate plant which is unfit for extreme (极端的) climate.‎ ‎5．More shelters (避身处) for the homeless should be built in some big cities.‎ ‎6．A huge earthquake (地震) killed 3,000 people and destroyed nearly all its buildings.‎ ‎7．When he went in, he found the table covered with dust (灰尘)．‎ ‎8．It is reported that about 200 workers were trapped in the mine (矿井)．‎ ‎(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Within a few days she had become seriously ill, suffering (suffer) great pain and discomfort.‎ ‎2．Jack left the job after ten years because he was beginning to feel trapped (trap)．‎ ‎3．Judging (judge) by the direction of the wind, it won’t rain today.‎ ‎4．San Francisco lay in ruins (ruin) even though rescuers managed to dig out a great number of survivors.‎ ‎5．I feel greatly honoured (honour) to have been invited to give a lecture at the meeting.‎ ‎6．I can’t express (expression) myself how grateful I am to you.‎ ‎(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1．In the crash he was seriously injured. He suffered severe injuries to the head ‎ and arms.(injure)‎ ‎2．On seeing the frightening scene, the little girl was so frightened that she burst out crying.(frighten)‎ ‎3．The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance and the exciting congratulations encouraged her greatly.(congratulate)‎ ‎(Ⅰ)写出下列短语 ‎1．right_away　　　　　　　 立刻；马上 ‎2．think_little/nothing_of 以为……没什么了不起 ‎3．at_an_end 结束；终结 ‎4．in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪 ‎5．dig_out 掘出；发现 ‎6．a_(great)_number_of 许多；大量的 ‎7．be_proud_of 以……而自豪 ‎8．judging_from 从……判断 ‎9．be_trapped_in 陷入 ‎10．be_buried_in 埋头于 ‎(Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．—We need an immediate reply.‎ ‎—I see. I’ll send the paper to you right_away.‎ ‎2．The whole city lay in_ruins after the earthquake.‎ ‎3．I was_trapped_in the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday.‎ ‎4．When I came in, he was_buried_in playing computer games in his study.‎ ‎5．—A_great_number_of books have been stolen from the library, haven’t they?‎ ‎—Yes. The number of them is 26,000.‎ ‎6．Lucy rose to show that the conversation was at_an_end.‎ ‎7．I didn’t persuade them to do the experiment in that way, you know, they thought_little_of my suggestion.‎ ‎8．Judging_from his look, he doesn’t think much of our plan.‎ ‎1．In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.‎ 在农家大院里的鸡，甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。‎ ‎[解读]　too ...to 意为“太……而不能……”，表示否定意义。‎ ‎[仿写]　那不是个好主意，冰太薄了承受不了你的重量。‎ That’s not a good idea; the ice is too_thin_to_bear_your_weight.‎ ‎2．It seemed as if the world was at an end!‎ 好像世界末日到了！‎ ‎[解读]　as if“好像”。‎ ‎[仿写]　这个讲故事的人以一种生动的方式给我们讲故事，好像他亲身经历过的一样。‎ The storyteller was telling us a story in a vivid way as_if_he_had_experienced_it_himself.‎ ‎3．Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents. ‎ 成千上万个家庭遇难，许多孩子变成了孤儿。‎ ‎[解读]　leave作使役动词，意为“使……处于某种状态”。‎ ‎[仿写]　他离开去了美国，留下了许多工作没有完成。‎ He left for the United States and left_much_work_unfinished.‎ ‎4．Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.‎ 人们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切都几乎被毁了。‎ ‎[解读]　everywhere相当于wherever或no matter where，引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎[仿写]　无论他走到哪里，他都受到欢迎。‎ Everywhere_he_went,_he received a warm welcome. ‎ ‎5．All hope was not lost.‎ 不是所有的希望都破灭了。‎ ‎[解读]　本句是部分否定。‎ ‎[仿写]　并非所有的学生都遵守学校规章制度，因此作为一名老师，我们应严格要求他们。‎ All students don’t_obey the school rules, so as a teacher, we should be strict with them.‎ 课堂学案 一、常考词汇细点拨 ‎1．burst vi. (burst, burst)爆裂；爆发 n．突然破裂；爆发 ‎[教材原句]　In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.‎ 在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。‎ ‎(1)burst in/into　　　　　　　 闯入；突然破门而入 burst out 突然迸发；爆发 突然哭起来/笑起来 ‎　 burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支 ‎(3)a burst of 一阵……‎ ‎①Some basketball fans burst into tears/burst out crying the instant they heard Iverson retired from NBA. ‎ 一听到艾弗森从NBA退役的消息，许多球迷都哭了。‎ ‎②He burst_into_the_room without knocking at the door, which made me very angry.‎ 他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。‎ ‎③There was a burst of laughter in the next room.‎ 隔壁房间里突然爆发出一阵笑声。‎ ‎2．ruin n．[U]毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；[常用复数]废墟；遗迹vt.(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产 ‎[教材原句]　In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.‎ 在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就成为一片废墟。‎ ‎(1)lie/be in ruins　　　 成为废墟 come/go/fall to ruin 毁灭；灭亡；崩溃 bring ...to ruin 使……毁灭；使……没落；‎ ‎ 使……破产 ‎(2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ruin one’s health/fame/future/pleasure ‎ 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途/好心情 ruin 指“废墟”时，常用复数形式。‎ ‎①With time going on, the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely in ruins.‎ 随着岁月的流逝，曾经非常漂亮的城堡现在是一片废墟。‎ ‎②The global economy downturn has brought many small companies to ruin.‎ 全球性的经济不景气已经使许多小公司纷纷破产。‎ ‎③Drunk driving not only ruined_himself but also killed several passersby.‎ 醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名路人死亡。‎ ‎3．injure vt.损害；伤害 ‎[教材原句]　Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.‎ 他们中有2/3在地震中伤亡。‎ ‎(1)injured adj.　　　　　　　 受伤的 the injured 伤员 ‎(2)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害 do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.‎ ‎ 伤害某人 ‎①This could seriously injure the company’s reputation.‎ 这会严重损害公司的声誉。‎ ‎②Brown was seriously injured in the traffic accident, so he was in hospital.‎ 布朗因为在交通事故中受了重伤，所以住院了。 ‎ ‎③The moment the terrible accident happened, ambulances rushed the_injured to the hospital.‎ 可怕的事故一发生，救护车把受伤的人火速送到医院。‎ ‎[辨析比较]　injure, wound, hurt 试一试　选择上述单词填空 ‎④He retired from the army because of being wounded in a fight.Soon after, he met with an accident, where he was not injured luckily but was hurt to some degree.‎ 他因在战斗中受伤退伍了。不久他遭遇一次车祸，幸运的是他身体没有受伤，但在一定程度上心灵受了创伤。‎ 辨一辨 injure 多指意外事故造成的伤害，也可指对名誉、地位的损害 wound 指人在战斗、攻击中受伤，身体上出现明显的伤口，多指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤 hurt 多指精神上受到伤害，也可指身体上的疼痛 ‎4．bury vt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏 ‎[高考佳句]　After finishing my homework, I wandered into the dining room where you were buried under piles of law books.(2011·天津高考完形填空)‎ 做完作业后，我溜达进了餐厅。你正在那里忙着看你那一堆堆的法律书。‎ ‎(1)be buried in ＝ bury oneself in ‎　　　　　　　　　　 埋头于；专心于 be buried in thought 沉思 ‎(2)bury oneself in study 埋头研究；专心学习 bury one’s face in one’s hands ‎ 双手掩面 ‎①Ever since he moved there, he has buried himself in/has been buried in his research work.‎ 自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。‎ ‎②Buried_in his study, he didn’t know that all the others had left.‎ 他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。‎ ‎[联想归纳]‎ 表示“专心于；致力于”的短语除了be buried in外，还有哪些？试完成下列短语。‎ ‎①be addicted to　　　 ②be absorbed in ‎③be devoted to ④be lost in ‎⑤focus on ⑥concentrate on ‎5．judge v．断定；判断；判决 n．裁判员；法官；评判员 ‎[教材原句]　Your speech was heard by a group of five judges, all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.‎ 五个裁判听了你的演讲，他们都同意这是今年最好的。‎ ‎(1)judge ...from/by ...　　 从……来判断 judge between right and wrong ‎ 判断是非 as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为 ‎(2)judging by/from 从……上看；根据……判断 ‎①You should never judge a person by their looks.‎ 你绝不能以貌取人。‎ ‎②As_far_as_I_can_judge,_ it is more likely that you will get the job.‎ 据我判断，你更有可能获得那个工作。‎ ‎[名师指津]　judging from/by用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。‎ ‎③Judging_from what you say in your letter, you don’t feel well.‎ 根据你信中所说的判断，你感觉不太好。‎ 二、间考词汇自识记 ‎1．shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动 n．休克；打击；震惊 be shocked to do sth.　　 做某事很震惊 be shocked at ... 对……感到震惊 a shock to ... 使……吃惊 The news that Mandela passed away on December 5th, 2013 was really a shock to the whole world.‎ 曼德拉于2013年12月5日去世的消息震惊了全世界。‎ ‎2．trap vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境 trap sb. into sth./doing sth.　 诱使某人做……‎ be/feel trapped in 困在……中；陷在……中 Julia felt trapped in her role of wife and mother.‎ 朱莉娅觉得自己被为人妻母的角色套牢了。‎ ‎3．destroy vt.毁坏；摧毁 The whole city was completely destroyed in the sudden flood, leaving nothing to the native people.‎ 突然的洪灾使整个城市完全被破坏，当地人什么也没剩下。‎ ‎———————————————————————————‎ ‎…………………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！)‎ 请根据提示写出除disaster以外其他表示“自然灾害”的名词 ‎1．flood n．　　　　　　　　 洪水 ‎2．typhoon n. 台风 ‎3．tsunami n. 海啸 ‎4．tornado n. 龙卷风 ‎5．sandstorm n. 沙尘暴 ‎6．haze n. 雾霾 ‎———————————————————————————‎ ‎[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．The doctor diagnosed the girl’s injury as the most serious one. Without quick action, she would die of ________ and loss of blood.‎ A．mercy B．shock ‎ C．anxiety D．relief 解析：选B　考查名词辨析。句意：医生确诊这个女孩的伤势最严重，若不立刻采取行动，她就会死于休克和失血。mercy“宽容；怜悯”；shock “休克；震惊”；anxiety“焦虑；担心；不安”；relief“减轻；缓解”。‎ ‎2．(2014·襄阳调研)According to a recent survey, too many cigarettes and too much wine are ________ many people’s health.‎ A．hurting B．injuring C．ruining D．deserting 解析：选C　句意：根据最近的调查，太多的烟和酒正在破坏很多人的健康。ruin“破坏；毁灭”，符合句意。hurt“伤害(感情)”；injure“伤害；损害(感情)；损害(名誉)”；desert“放弃；抛弃”。‎ ‎3．On seeing the former champion of the Olympics appear on the stage, the audience ________ cheering.‎ A．burst in B．burst into C．burst on D．burst out 解析：选D　考查与burst 相关的短语搭配。句意：一看到前奥运会冠军出现在舞台上，观众爆发出欢呼声。burst out doing相当于 burst into＋n.‎ ‎4．(2014·湖北八市调考)I received his mother’s phone call at ten. Only then did I know that he was badly ________ in an accident the day before yesterday.‎ A．hurt B．injured C．harmed D．wounded 解析：选B　句意：十点钟时我接到他母亲的电话。直到那时我才知道他在前天的一次意外事故中伤得很严重。在意外事故中受伤常用injure。‎ Ⅱ.多维演练(练得更细、更全、更彻底！)‎ ‎1．judge 面面观 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①Judged_as_a_responsible_person,_Tony was appointed head of the department.(judge)‎ Tony被认为是一个负责的人，所以他被任命为部门主管。‎ ‎②Judging_by/from_her_last_letter,_ they are having a wonderful time.(judge)‎ 从她上封信来看，他们过得非常愉快。‎ ‎(2)A person tends to be ________ by the company he keeps because this reference group has the strongest influence on his attitudes. ‎ A．concluded B．cheated ‎ C．judged D．fooled 解析：选C　句意：人们往往根据所交的朋友来判断一个人，因为这一参照群体对人的态度影响最为深刻。judge“判断；断定”，符合句意。‎ ‎2．bury多棱镜 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①Because he buried_himself_in_(was_buried_in) his books, he didn’t know it was raining outside.(bury)‎ 由于他埋头于书本，所以不知道外面下雨了。‎ ‎(2)句式升级 ‎②Burying_himself_in_his_books,_he didn’t know it was raining outside.(使用现在分词作状语改写练习①)‎ ‎③Buried_in_his_books,_he didn’t know it was raining outside.(使用过去分词作状语改写练习①)‎ ‎(3)(2014·武汉毕业生供题)When I entered, I found Tom __________ himself in a magazine and he even didn’t notice me.‎ A．organizing B．enriching C．burying D．behaving 解析：选C　句意：当我进去时，我发现汤姆在专心看杂志，他甚至没有注意到我。bury oneself in ... “埋头；专心做……”，符合句意。‎ ‎1．think little/nothing of以为……没什么了不起；对……满不在乎；轻视；忽视 ‎[教材原句]　But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.‎ 但唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没把这些情况当回事儿，当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。‎ think much/highly/well of 重视；看重；对……高度评价 be well/highly thought of 被……高度评价 ‎①He came up with a good suggestion at the meeting, but his boss thought little of it.‎ 在会议上他提出了一个好主意，但是老板根本不理会。‎ ‎②As a young leader, he is_well/highly_thought_of.‎ 作为一位年轻的领导，他受到高度评价。‎ ‎2．at an end结束；终结 ‎[经典例句]　The long hot summer was at last at an end.(朗文P327)‎ 漫长的酷暑终于过去了。‎ ‎(1)at the end of　　　　　 在……尽头；在……末端 by the end of 到……结束时；到……时候为止(常与完成时态连用)‎ in the end 最后；终于 ‎(2)come to an end 结束 put/bring sth.to an end 结束……‎ put an end to sth. 结束；终结 ‎(3)end up with 以……结束 end up doing 最终在做某事 ‎①I must warn you that my patience is almost at an end.‎ 我必须警告你我已经没有耐心了。‎ ‎②They didn’t know how to put_an_end_to the quarrel.‎ 他们不知道如何结束这场争吵。‎ ‎③His life returned to normal after the war came to an end.‎ 战争结束后他的生活恢复了正常。‎ ‎④I love how people can seem so different, but end up being so similar.(2013·浙江高考完形填空)‎ 我喜欢人们可能看起来如此不同，但结果却如此相似。‎ ‎⑤Smell the flowers before you go to sleep, and you may just end_up_with sweet dreams.(2010·江西高考单项填空)‎ 你在睡觉前闻一闻这些花，即可终得美梦。‎ ‎[链接高考]‎ ‎(2010·天津高考)Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and ________ as a manager.‎ A．ended up B．dropped out C．came back D．started off 解析：选A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：他作为一名公司职员迅速得到提升，最终成为一名经理。end up“最终成为”；drop out“退出；脱离”；come back“返回”；start off“出发”。故A项符合句意。‎ ‎3．a (great) number of许多；大量的 ‎[高考佳句]　Aside from the web cameras, a number of other hightech methods are becoming increasingly popular.(2013·广东高考阅读D)‎ 除了网络相机，还有许多其他的高新技术手段正在变得越来越流行。‎ ‎①Now a (great) number of college graduates are seeking to get a highpaid job. But the number of posts available for them is often not enough.‎ 如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但适合他们的岗位的数量却经常不足。‎ ‎②There are a great many talented people waiting to be discovered.‎ 众多有才华的人有待于被发现。‎ ‎③With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are_being_washed_away.‎ 由于越来越多的森林被砍伐，大量的土壤被冲走了。‎ ‎[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 ‎1．the number of, a number of The_number_of guests invited was 50, but a_number_of them were absent ‎ because of the heavy rain.‎ ‎2．at an end, in the end, by the end of ‎①In_the_end,_I decided that I wouldn’t go after all.‎ ‎②My holiday is at_an_end and I must go back to work tomorrow.‎ ‎③The work must be completed by_the_end_of the month. ‎ Ⅱ.多项选择 ‎1．He was ________ by his colleagues though he himself didn’t think he had done anything outstanding.‎ A．thought little of B．poorly thought of C．highly thought of D．thought nothing of 解析：选C　句意：他的同事对他评价很高，尽管他认为自己并没做什么出色的事。think highly of “对……评价高”。‎ ‎2．(2014·武昌期末调研)It is possible that one day we will ________ disability, so we shouldn’t look down upon the disabled.‎ A．end up with B．put up with C．come up with D．catch up with 解析：选A　考查动词短语辨析。句意：很可能有一天我们都会以残疾告终，因此我们不应该看不起残疾人。end up with“以……结束”；put up with“忍受”；come up with“提出”；catch up with“赶上”。‎ ‎3．We don’t need to do extra work this evening because today’s work is almost ________ now and it was raining heavily.‎ A．at the end B．at an end C．in the end D．by the end 解析：选B　at an end “结束；终结”。at the end of “在……终结时；在……尽头”；by the end of “在……底时”，一般指时间；in the end “最后；终于”。根据句意，B为正确答案。‎ ‎1．In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.‎ 在农家大院里的鸡，甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。‎ too＋adj./adv.(for sb.)＋to do sth.表示否定的意义，意思是“太……而不能……”。‎ ‎①There is no denying that the problem is too difficult for her to solve.‎ 不可否认，问题太难了，她无法解决。‎ ‎(1)当too ...to ...用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词如anxious, eager, glad, happy, pleased, ready, willing等时，不定式表示肯定意义 ‎(2)can’t/can never ...too ...再怎么……也不过分 ‎②He was too eager to know the result of his examination.‎ 他迫切想知道考试的结果。‎ ‎③You can’t_be_too_careful while crossing the street.‎ 过马路时你再怎么小心也不过分。‎ ‎2．It seemed as_if the world was at an end!‎ 好像世界末日到了！‎ as if＝as though“好像”，常引导表语从句或状语从句。‎ ‎(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。‎ ‎①Hurry up! It looks as if it is going to rain.‎ 快点！看起来好像要下雨了。‎ ‎②It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.(2013·山东高考完形填空)‎ 好像除了我每个人都有朋友，都很开心。‎ ‎(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。‎ ‎③When a pencil is partly put into water, it looks as if it were broken.‎ 当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去好像断了。‎ ‎④Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done something very clever.(2011·湖南高考单项填空)‎ 杰克没说什么，但是老师向他微笑，好像他之前做的是明智之举似的。‎ ‎(3)如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。‎ ‎⑤He opened his mouth as if to_say something.‎ 他张开嘴好像要说什么。‎ ‎3．All hope was not lost.‎ 不是所有的希望都破灭了。‎ 该句是表示部分否定的句型。all ...not ...＝ not all ...，意为“并非所有的……都……”。‎ ‎①All these books are not popular with people.‎ ‎＝ Not all these books are popular with people.‎ 这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。‎ ‎(1)英语中的all, both, each, every, everybody, everything, completely, always, whole, entirely 等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。‎ ‎②Every boy is not interested in sports.‎ ‎＝ Not_every_boy is interested in sports.‎ 并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。‎ ‎③Both of the two math problems are not very difficult.‎ ‎＝ Not_both_of the two math problems are very difficult.‎ 这两道数学题并非都很难。‎ ‎(2)英语中的no, none, never, nobody, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer, no way 等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。‎ ‎④I knew that nothing would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.(2011·湖南高考单项填空)‎ 我知道没有什么能够使他泄气，他将永远不会放弃成为一名导演的想法。‎ ‎[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.句型转换 ‎1．The old man was lying on the ground as if he was hurt badly.‎ ‎→The old man was lying on the ground as if hurt_ badly.‎ ‎2．You must be very careful when you do your homework.‎ ‎→You can’t be too careful when you do your homework.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．As an experienced driver, my father always reminds me that one can't_be_too_careful when driving a car.(too)‎ 作为一个经验丰富的司机，我父亲总是提醒我，一个人开车时越小心越好。‎ ‎2．It's impossible for all the people to get jobs because not_all_of_them_are_fit_for the jobs.(fit)‎ 所有人都得到工作是不可能的，因为并非他们都适合这些工作。‎ ‎3．Look, Rose is sitting at the corner alone silently.It seems as_if_she_is_crying.(as)‎ 看，Rose独自默默地坐在角落里，她似乎在哭泣。‎ ‎4．They are chatting about something heatedly.They seem to_be_very_familiar_with each other.(familiar)‎ 他们正在热烈地聊着什么，似乎他们对彼此很熟悉。‎ ‎5．The old man who fell to the ground asked several passersby to support him, none_of_whom/but_none_of_them_gave_him_a_hand.(give)‎ 那个摔倒在地的老人请求了好几个路人扶他起来，他们一个都没有帮他。‎ 定语从句(Ⅰ)‎ 完成句子 ‎1．(2014·武昌实验中学十月月考)For a whole week only two people came to look at the house, neither_of_whom_left/neither_leaving money as a deposit.(leave)‎ 一周以来，只有两个人来看房子，两个人都没有留下点钱作为定金。‎ ‎2．(2014·武汉毕业生2月调研测试)In 1991 Ranulph Fiennes published The Feather Men, the nonfiction book, on_which_the_film_is_based.(base)‎ 这部影片是以1991年兰奴夫·费因斯发表的纪实文学作品《羽人》为基础而改编的。‎ ‎3．I want to thank my friend John, without_whose_help_I_wouldn't_have_been_saved.‎ ‎(without)‎ 我想感谢我的朋友约翰，没有他的帮助，我就不会得救。‎ ‎4．Sarah Brightman, who_will_fly_to_space in 2015, is the first woman to fly there in the field of music.(fly)‎ 莎拉·布莱曼将于2015年飞往太空，她将是音乐界第一个飞往太空的女士。‎ ‎5．The classroom is crowded with children of poor eyesight, all_of_whom_show/have_‎ interest_in/are_interested_in painting.(interest)‎ 教室中挤满了视力不好的孩子，他们都对绘画感兴趣。‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·当阳高三月考)As its name ________， the Volunteer Farm relies on volunteers to weed, plant and harvest.‎ A．suggests　　　　　　　　　 B．ruins C．predicts D．possesses 解析：选A　考查动词辨析。句意：正如它的名字所暗示的，志愿者农场依靠志愿者来除草、种植和收获。suggest意为“暗示”，符合题意。ruins意为“毁坏(……的名声)”；predict意为“预计”；possess意为“拥有”。‎ ‎2．(2014·湖北十堰高三联考)Accidental deaths have decreased obviously since ‎ the police launched a ________ to reduce road accidents.‎ A．event B．battle C．fight D．campaign 解析：选D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从警察开展减少道路交通事故的运动以来，意外死亡已经明显降低。launch a campaign“开展一场运动”，符合句意。event“(尤指重要、有意思或不寻常的)事件”；battle“战役”；fight“战斗”。‎ ‎3．Jewish Americans are ________ successful in the fields of business, entertainment and science.Twentyfive percent of the 400 wealthiest Americans are Jewish Americans.‎ A．completely B．extremely C．eventually D．unconditionally 解析：选B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：犹太裔美国人在商业、娱乐和科学领域极其成功，在400个最富有的美国人中，有25%是犹太裔美国人。extremely“极其；极度”，符合句意。completely“完全地”；eventually“终于；最终”；unconditionally“无条件地”。‎ ‎4．(2014·湖北十堰联考)You will ________ your chances of getting a pay rise if you don’t work harder than others.‎ A．injure B．wound C．harm D．ruin 解析：选D　考查动词词义辨析。ruin可用其引申含义，意为“毁坏”，此时其宾语通常是health, fame, chance等。injure侧重身体上的伤害；wound侧重战场上的刀伤、枪伤等；harm指“对……有害”。‎ ‎5．(2014·杭州高三质检)It is reported that ________ of this week the price will have risen by about 10%. ‎ A．by the end B．at the end ‎ C．in the end D．at an end 解析：选A　考查短语的用法。“by the end of＋将来时间”时，谓语动词用将来完成时。‎ ‎6．(2013·南昌二模)Thanks to the great efforts by netizens and the journalists’ determination to ________ the truth, anticorruption has been accelerating.‎ A．take out B．check out C．pick out D．dig out 解析：选D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：由于网民的努力和记者挖掘真相的决心，反腐工作加快了。dig out“找出；发掘”，符合句意。take out“获得”；check out“核实；检查(是否一切正常)”；pick out“精心挑选”。‎ ‎7．(2014·山西太原五中模拟)Some parents are just too protective. They want to ________ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.‎ A．spot B．dismiss C．shelter D．distinguish 解析：选C　考查动词词义辨析。根据前一句中的内容可知父母想给孩子提供“庇护”，让他们避免各种危险，无论是真实的还是想象的。spot“认出；发现”；dismiss“开除；解散”；distinguish“区分”，都不符合语意。‎ ‎8．Pictures on TV show the earthquakehit city ________ to ruins and helpless survivors waiting eagerly for relief.‎ A．decreased B．destroyed C．returned D．reduced 解析：选D　句意：电视的画面显示，遭受地震袭击的城市被夷为平地，无助的幸存者在焦急地等待救济品。reduce“减少”，reduce to ruins“夷为平地”，在句中为过去分词短语作后置定语。decrease“下降”；destroy“毁灭”；return“返回”。‎ ‎9．We experience so many things in all our life, but we only remember those big ________ clearly.‎ A．affairs B．events C．matters D．incidents 解析：选B　句意：我们一生经历了许多的事情，可我们只记得那些重大事件。event“重大事件”。affair“事物；事件(强调事物之间的关系)”；matters“事情；情况”；incident“小事件”。‎ ‎10．Many public advertisements are broadcast on TV to _____ the massage that we should be friendly to environment.‎ A．get over B．get across C．get along D．get away 解析：选B　句意：许多公益广告在电视里播放以传达一个信息：我们应该爱护环境。get across“传达”。get over“克服”；get along“进展”；get away“摆脱”。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·湖北十堰联考)Having stayed in hospital for two months, he felt as_if/though_he_‎ was_cut_off from the outside world.(cut)‎ 他在医院住了两个月的院，感觉自己像与世隔绝了一样。‎ ‎2．(2014·黄冈市高三期末)Maria has written two novels, both_of_which_have_been_made into television series.(make)‎ Maria已经写了两部小说，这两部小说都已经被制作成了电视剧。‎ ‎3．The rescue team has saved more than thirty people trapped_under_the_collapsed_‎ buildings since the earthquake occurred.(trap)‎ 自从地震发生以来，救援队已经救出了三十多个被困在垮塌建筑物下的人。‎ ‎4．I was about to go shopping when_a_stranger_burst_into my house.(burst)‎ 我正要出去购物，突然一个陌生人闯进我的房子。‎ ‎5．The police are searching for the murderer with the_dog_leading_the_way.(lead)‎ 由狗在前带路，警方正在搜索那个杀人犯。‎ ‎6．Be careful because the ice is too_thin_to_support your weight.(support) ‎ 当心，因为冰太薄了承受不了你的重量。‎ ‎7．I just wouldn't like to leave/have/make_you_frustrated by this failure as well.(frustrate)‎ 我只是不想让你们也因为这次失败而觉得沮丧。‎ ‎8．The nation were_greatly_shocked_by the news that the famous film star was killed in the accident.(shock)‎ 全国人民对那个著名电影明星死于车祸的消息感到很震惊。‎ ‎9．As far as I know, never before in history was_a_city_destroyed so completely.(destroy)‎ 据我所知，历史上从来没有一个城市被如此彻底的摧毁。‎ ‎10．It was at the bookstore around the corner that_I_spotted this dictionary, and I took it on the spot.(spot)‎ 我是在拐角的那家书店看到这本词典的，我当场就买了。‎ Ⅲ.完形填空 ‎(2014·湖北七市联考)Diana Velez does everything with maximum effort — and ‎ at maximum speed.That __1__ learning a new language, completing two certificates and opening a store.‎ When arriving in Canada in 2008, she had one __2__： to have what she had back home in Colombia.“I didn’t want to __3__ what I do, like so many who come to a new country，”she said.“I __4__ to open a store here in Canada but knew I had to __5__ myself properly.”‎ Diana quickly realized that making her dream of shop ownership in Canada a __6__ meant going to school to get the __7__ education and certification.“My experience of owning a shop and working as a designer in Colombia gave me __8__ in my abilities, but I couldn’t speak the language and I had to __9__ how to do things in Canada.It was like having to __10__ all over again，” said Diana.‎ ‎__11__， she found just the help she needed for her relaunch (重新开张) __12__ continuing education at George Brown College.She began taking __13__ for both the Essential Skills in Fashion Certificate and the Image Consulting Certificate in May 2009.__14__ Diana met with the language harrier, she was always going __15__ while at college.‎ By the end of October 2009, she had completed all certificate requirements.Within two years after her __16__ in Canada, Diana at last achieved her __17__ goal when her new store opened its doors in Toronto’s Sheppard Centre.She was on the fasttrack to __18__.‎ Looking back, Diana, a fashion (时装) designer, __19__ her achievements to the goal she set, the education she received from the college, and __20__， the efforts she made.Now Diana is very happy doing what she is doing.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了一个移民加拿大的设计师奋斗成功的故事，从而启迪我们：无论做什么事，只要全力以赴，全速前进就一定会成功。‎ ‎1．A.requires B．encourages ‎ C．includes D．advises 解析：选C　根据“learning a new language ...”之后的列举和前面提到的“everything”可知，此处答案为C项，意为“包括”。‎ ‎2．A.goal B．memory ‎ C．choice D．problem 解析：选A　根据下文“to have what she had ...”可知，此处不定式表示目的，故答案为A，意为“目标”，由此两者形成呼应。‎ ‎3．A.continue B．choose ‎ C．change D．lose 解析：选C　根据常识可知，许多人去了新地方，都会有一个新的开始，但是戴安娜与众不同，她并不想改变自己所做的事情。这与下文她重新在加拿大开商店形成呼应。故选C。‎ ‎4．A.demanded B．decided C．agreed D．hesitated 解析：选B　此处与上句她不想改变相呼应，她决定开一个商店。这与下文她所做的努力相呼应。decide意为“决定”，符合语境，故选B。‎ ‎5．A.teach B．prepare ‎ C．enjoy D．persuade 解析：选B　根据下文内容可知，戴安娜接受教育，最终取得成功，说明一开始来到一个人生地不熟的地方还是有很多东西要准备的，故答案为B。‎ ‎6．A.reality B．fact ‎ C．challenge D．wonder 解析：选A　根据固定搭配make one’s dream a reality“梦想成真”可知，答案应为A。‎ ‎7．A.physical B．private ‎ C．primary D．necessary 解析：选D　要想梦想成真就意味着要上学接受一些必要的教育和得到相应的证书。necessary意为“必要的”，符合语境，故选D。‎ ‎8．A.pressure B．judgment ‎ C．influence D．confidence 解析：选D　在哥伦比亚开过店和做过设计师的经历让她对自己的能力充满信心。confidence in sth.意为“在某方面有自信”，符合语境，故选D。‎ ‎9．A.put away B．depend on C．learn about D．look into 解析：选C　此处与上句要去学校学习相呼应，说明戴安娜在加拿大必须要学会如何应对很多事情，这就是一个重新学习的过程，故答案为C。put away“存放”；depend on“依赖”；look into“调查”。‎ ‎10．A.advance B．start ‎ C．suffer D．work 解析：选B　根据“It was like having to __10__ all over again”可知，这就像一切重新开始。start意为“开始”，符合语境，故答案为B。‎ ‎11．A.Naturally B．Gradually ‎ C．Luckily D．Clearly 解析：选C　根据下句“she found just the help”可知，她恰好找到了帮助，由此可见在异国他乡她很幸运，luckily意为“幸运地”，符合语境，故答案为C。‎ ‎12．A.through B．for ‎ C．before D．with 解析：选A　根据语境可知，戴安娜是通过继续教育找到了办法。through意为“通过”，符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎13．A.notes B．responsibilities C．chances D．courses 解析：选D　根据固定搭配take a course“学习课程”可知，应选D项。‎ ‎14．A.Though B．As ‎ C．Since D．Once 解析：选A　虽然戴安娜遇到了语言障碍，但她……though意为“尽管，虽然”，符合语境，故选A。‎ ‎15．A.around B．back ‎ C．ahead D．out 解析：选C　go ahead意为“向前冲”，充分表现了戴安娜全力以赴的性格，与文章第一段的开头相呼应，故答案为C。‎ ‎16．A.adventure B．arrival C．performance D．journey 解析：选B　在戴安娜到达加拿大两年后，终于实现了理想……arrival意为“到达”，符合语境，故答案为B。‎ ‎17．A.original B．common ‎ C．another D．distant 解析：选A　她达到了最初的目标，与上文形成呼应。original意为“最初的”，符合语境，故选A。‎ ‎18．A.success B．wealth ‎ C．glory D．happiness 解析：选A　根据上句内容可知，戴安娜达到自己最初的目标，由此踏上了成功的快车道。与文章第一段相呼应。success意为“成功”，符合语境，故选A。‎ ‎19．A.adds B．connects ‎ C．devotes D．owes 解析：选D　当回顾往事时，戴安娜把她所取得的成就归功于她最初设置的目标。owe ...to意为“把……归功于”，符合语境，故答案为D。‎ ‎20．A.after all B．above all ‎ C．at least D．at first 解析：选B　最重要的是她所付出的努力。与文章第一段中的“maximum effort”相呼应。above all意为“最重要的是”，符合语境。故选B。after all“终究，毕竟”；at least“至少”；at first“最初”。‎ Ⅳ.阅读理解 ‎(2014·武汉四月调研)Standing in the middle of a yard crowded with soldiers, Luo Ming, a 31yearold team leader with the Sichuan Emergency Response Volunteer Group, sees a threat (威胁) nearly as big as the earthquake that struck Western China’s mountainous area on Saturday: too many volunteers.‎ ‎“The volunteers have created a certain kind of disaster themselves，” he says, obviously tired due to no sleep in 48 hours.“There are more volunteers than there are earthquake victims.They have no place to sleep, and nothing to eat, and most of them have no experience or training.”‎ ‎ Mr Luo is in charge at the volunteer registration (登记) tent at the town centre of Longmen, where the earthquake has left thousands of people without shelter, food and water for three days.He has registered more than 500 volunteers, but he has turned even more than that away.“For some people, the biggest help that they can do ‎ for disaster areas is go back where they came from safely，” he says.‎ Authorities are trying to make sure that no more volunteers show up.Beijing announced a ban on private volunteers and civil society groups entering the disaster area for the time being, and several universities in Sichuan issued notices to their students asking them not to travel to the earthquake areas, encouraging them to donate blood instead.‎ One of the reasons for the government’s decision is transportation difficulty: large rescue vehicles and heavy car traffic makes the roads impassable.On one stretch between Longmen and Taiping, traffic was so bad on Sunday morning that an injured woman was taken out of her ambulance, which was stuck in traffic, and carried by her husband on his back to seek medical attention.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了无序且数量众多的志愿者给地震灾区带来的困扰。‎ ‎1．Which of the following is TRUE of Luo Ming according to the passage?‎ A．He is a soldier.‎ B．He is in his forties.‎ C．He is overworking.‎ D．He has nothing to eat.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“’The volunteers have created a certain kind of disaster themselves，’ he says, obviously tired due to no sleep in 48 hours.”可知，答案C符合文意。‎ ‎2．Why are more volunteers banned from entering the disaster areas?‎ A．They cannot give any help at all.‎ B．They bring more trouble than help.‎ C．They refuse to donate their blood.‎ D．They make the earthquake even worse.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句“’For some people, the biggest help that they can do for disaster areas is go back where they came from safely，’ he says.”和对最后一段的整体理解可推知，答案B符合文意。‎ ‎3．The man had to carry his injured wife on his back to find a doctor because ________.‎ A．the ambulance she had been in was stuck in traffic B．her injure was too serious for her to be carried in any vehicle C．a road accident made it impossible for the ambulance to go on D．he thought it the best way to carry her dear wife 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第二句“...traffic was so bad on Sunday morning that an injured woman was taken out of her ambulance, which was stuck in traffic, and carried by her husband on his back to seek medical attention.”可知，答案A符合文意。‎ ‎4．What’s the best title for the news item?‎ A．Quake Left Thousands Homeless B．Quake Volunteers Create Challenge C．Luo Ming, a Hardworking Team Leader D．Transportation Difficulty in Disaster Areas 解析：选B　标题归纳题。根据对整篇文章的理解可知，本文主要讲的是雅安地震灾区的志愿者无序且过多给灾区造成的不必要的困扰，所以B项最适合做文章的标题。‎