【英语】2018届人教版必修五一轮复习：Unit5　Firstaid　单元学案（11页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修五一轮复习：Unit5　Firstaid　单元学案（11页）

Unit 5　First aid　单元学案 核心词汇 ‎1．Everybody was informed that his wedding ____________(典礼)would be held in the beautiful park next Sunday.‎ ‎2．As we all know，a fever is a ____________(症状) of illness.‎ ‎3．Due to lack of ____________(治疗)，some patients rescued from the ruins died soon.‎ ‎4. The difficulty is __________(临时的)so we should be optimistic.‎ ‎5．The burning plastic gave off ____________(有毒的)gas，which is harmful to our health.‎ ‎6．He was ____________(受伤)seriously，which caused him to be absent from the 2010 World Cup.‎ ‎7．The biggest problem I have to face is the language ____________(障碍)when I go abroad.‎ ‎8．He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and an ____________(救护车)arrived.‎ ‎9．It was ____________ of the young man to go into the burning building to rescue the little boy.He showed great ____________ in the face of danger，which was why I admired him so much.(bravely)‎ ‎10．用press的适当形式填空 ‎(1)Life is tough in the city.In order to lose their __________，some people drink alcohol.‎ ‎(2)He ____________ the button and the doorbell rang.‎ ‎1.ceremony　2.symptom　3.treatment　4.temporary　5.poisonous　6.injured　7.barrier　8.ambulance　9.brave；bravery　10.(1)pressure　(2)pressed 高频短语 ‎1．________________ 急救 ‎2．________________ 生病 ‎3．________________ 阻止……‎ ‎4．________________ 烧伤 ‎5．________________ 触电；电休克 ‎6．________________ 榨出；挤出 ‎7．________________ 反复；多次 ‎8．________________ 在适当的位置；适当 ‎9．________________ 若干；许多 ‎10．________________ 找到 ‎11．________________ 区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 ‎1.first aid　2.fall ill　3.prevent...from...　4.get burned　5.electric shock　6.squeeze out　7.over and over again　8.in place　9.a number of　10.put one’s hands on 11.make a difference 重点句式 ‎1．Remove clothing using scissors ____________________ it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。‎ ‎2．John ____________________ in his room ________ he heard screaming.‎ 约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。‎ ‎3．____________________ John’s quick action and knowledge of first aid ________ saved Ms Slade’s life.‎ 正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。‎ ‎4．____________________ John’s quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slade’s life.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士得救了。‎ ‎5．It shows that a knowledge of first aid can ____________________.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。‎ ‎1.if necessary unless　2.was studying；when　3.It was；that　4.There is no doubt that　5.make a real difference 知识详解 ‎1aid　n．& vt.　帮助；援助；资助 ‎(回归课本P33)First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.‎ 急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人给予临时性的帮助。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①(牛津P42)This job would be impossible without the aid of a computer.‎ 这项工作不用计算机是不行的。‎ ‎②(牛津P42)One of the staff saw he was in difficulty and came to his aid(＝helped him)．‎ 一名工作人员见他有困难，便过来帮忙。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎③We are collecting money in aid of the people who have lost their homes in Sichuan Earthquake.‎ 我们正集资以资助那些在四川地震中失去家园的人。‎ ‎④I aided the poor girl in continuing her study.‎ 我帮助这可怜的女孩继续她的学业。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎1．完成句子 ‎(1)在英语老师的帮助下，这学期我们已经取得了巨大的进步。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ our English teacher，we have made great progress this term.‎ 答案：With the aid of ‎(2)当我身陷困境时，我所有的朋友都来帮助我。‎ When I was in trouble，all my friends ________ ________ ________ ________.‎ 答案：came to my aid ‎2vital　adj.　至关重要的；生死攸关的 ‎(回归课本P35)If the injuries are second or third degree burns，it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.‎ 如果是二度或者三度烧伤，至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①(牛津P2248)It is vital that you keep accurate records when you are selfemployed.‎ 干个体记账要准确是十分重要的。‎ ‎②(牛津P2248)Reading is of vital importance in language learning.‎ 阅读在语言学习中至关重要。‎ ‎③Consideration for other people is vital to all of us.‎ 对我们所有人而言体谅别人是极其重要的。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎2．完成句子 ‎(1)依我看来，理查德对本队的成功起了至关重要的作用。‎ As far as I’m concerned，Richard ________ ________ ________the team’s success.‎ 答案：is vital to ‎(2)我们应立即开始手术，因为这是生死攸关的。‎ It’s vital that we ________ ________the operation immediately.‎ 答案：(should) carry out ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎3treat　 vt.& vi.　治疗；对待；款待 ‎ n．　款待；招待 ‎(回归课本P38)John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slade’s hands.‎ 约翰用这些东西处理斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①(牛津P2154)I decided to treat his remark as a joke.‎ 我决定把他的话当作戏言。‎ ‎②(天津高考)We treated each other as brothers and sisters.‎ 我们把彼此看作兄弟姐妹。‎ ‎③(牛津P2154)Don’t worry about the cost－I’ll treat you.‎ 别担心费用，我请客。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎④He is seriously ill，and is being treated in hospital now.‎ 他病得很重，现在在医院接受治疗。‎ ‎⑤Let’s go out for dinner－my treat this time.‎ 咱们出去吃饭吧！——这次我请客。‎ ‎3．Although her relatives didn’t think she could live for three months，the old doctor finally ________ her of her disease.‎ A．cured　　　　　　B．operated C．treated D．served 解析：选A。cure sb.of a disease治愈某人的病，还可以表达为cure sb.或cure the disease。treat sb.for a disease治疗某人的病。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎4apply　v．　应用；运用；申请；请求 ‎(回归课本P38)He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and ambulance arrived.‎ 他使劲地按住伤口，使血流得慢些，一直等到警察和救护车的到来。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①(朗文P82)I applied to four colleges and was accepted by all of them.‎ 我申请了4所大学，全都录取了我。‎ ‎②I would like to apply to become an assistant in your company.‎ 我想申请成为你们公司的助理。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎③I have been out of work for half a year，so I want to apply for a job in this company.‎ 我已经失业半年了，所以想在这家公司申请一份工作。‎ ‎④What you said doesn’t apply to me.‎ 你所说的并不适合我。‎ ‎4．(2009年高考浙江卷)The good thing about children is that they________very easily to new environments.‎ A．adapt　　　　　　　　　B．appeal C．attach D．apply 解析：选A。句意：作为孩子的好处是他们很容易适应新环境。adapt to为固定短语，意为“适应”。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎5．—What should I do?‎ ‎—Clean the wound and ________ the medicine to it.‎ A．apply B．devote C．Pour D．squeeze 解析：选A。由Clean the wound及the medicine可知应该敷(apply)药。devote奉献；pour倒；squeeze挤。‎ ‎5in place　在适当的位置；适当 ‎(回归课本P35)Hold the bandage in place with tape.‎ 用胶布把绷带固定。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①(牛津P1507)All the arrangements are now in place for their visit.‎ 他们来访的一切都安排就绪了。‎ ‎②You may read any book on the shelf on condition that you promise to put the book ‎ in place.‎ 只要你保证把书放回原处，书架上的书你可以随意看。‎ ‎③(牛津P1507)I felt completely out of place among all these successful people.‎ 夹在这些事业有成的人中间，我觉得格格不入。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎6．用place的短语填空：‎ ‎(1)Don’t take anything away.Father likes everything to be ____________.‎ 答案：in place　‎ ‎(2)Sending email has almost ____________ writing letters.‎ 答案：taken the place of ‎(3)If I had been ____________，I might have accepted the invitation.‎ 答案：in your place ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎6make a difference　区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用 ‎(回归课本P38)It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.‎ 这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎①(牛津P553)Your age shouldn’t make any difference to whether you get the job or not.‎ 你能否得到这个工作与年龄无关。‎ ‎②(牛津P553)I don’t think it makes a lot of difference what colour it is.‎ 我认为颜色无关紧要。‎ ‎③It isn’t what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.‎ 重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。‎ ‎[例句探源]‎ ‎④The twins are so alike，it’s difficult to tell the difference.‎ 这对双胞胎长得太像了，很难分出谁是谁。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎7．完成句子 ‎(1)现在他们非常需要帮助，因此你的帮助当然意义重大。‎ They are now in great need of help.So your support will certainly ________ ________ ________.‎ 答案：make a difference ‎(2)她来不来参加我们的聚会有什么关系吗？‎ Does it ________ ________ ________ ________she will come to our party?‎ 答案：make any difference whether ‎(3)生活在大城市与生活在乡村有许多不同。‎ There are many ________ ________living in a big city ________ living in the countryside.‎ 答案：differences between；and 句型梳理 ‎1【教材原句】　Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.(P34)‎ 除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。‎ ‎【句法分析】　(1)unless是连词，意为“除非，如果不”，引导的是一个肯定条件状语从句，从句有时可以与if...not...引导的否定状语从句互换。‎ ‎①(牛津P2207)Unless something unexpected happens，I’ll see you tomorrow.‎ 如果不出意外，我明天去看你。‎ ‎②(2009年高考四川卷)Owen wouldn’t eat anything unless he cooked it himself.‎ 欧文只吃他自己做的饭菜。‎ ‎③We will have a picnic in the park this Sunday unless it rains or it’s very cold.‎ 除非下雨或天很冷，我们将在本周日去公园野餐。‎ ‎(2)stick to a．粘在……之上 ‎④A piece of chewing gum stuck to my shoe.‎ 一片口香糖粘在了我的鞋上。‎ b．坚持 ‎⑤He always sticks to his promise.他总是坚守自己的诺言。‎ ‎⑥If you stick to the truth，you’ve nothing to fear.‎ 你要是坚持真理就可以无所畏惧。‎ ‎8．(2010年高考课标全国卷)The little boy won’t go to sleep ________ his mother tells him a story.‎ A．or　　　　　　　　　　B．unless C．but D．whether 解析：选B。句意：除非妈妈给他讲故事，否则小男孩就不去睡觉。本题考查连词。or或者，否则；unless除非；but但，除……之外；whether是否。根据语境可知，这里用unless表示“除非……否则……”。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎9．Once a decision has been made，all of us should ________ it.‎ A．direct to B．stick to C．lead to D．refer to 解析：选B。stick to坚持；lead to导致；refer to参考，查阅。句意：一旦做出决定，我们都应该坚持它。‎ ‎2【教材原句】　If burns are on arms or legs，keep them higher than the heart，if possible.(P35)‎ 如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部，尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。‎ ‎【句法分析】　if possible如果可能的话，是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式，相当于if it is possible。‎ ‎①If possible，we’d like a table in a private room.‎ 如果可能的话，我们希望要一张包间的餐桌。‎ ‎②If possible，try to speak English as often as you can.‎ 如果可能的话，尽可能经常地讲英语。‎ ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎③Will you be free this evening？If so，let’s go to the concert together.‎ 你今晚有空吗？如果有，我们一起去听音乐会吧。‎ ‎④Is anybody feeling cold？If not，let’s open the windows.‎ 有人感到冷吗？如果没有的话，我们把窗户打开。‎ ‎⑤If necessary，I will go there myself.‎ 如果必要的话，我将亲自去那儿一趟。‎ ‎10．—Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?‎ ‎—Yes，________，I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.‎ A．if ever　　　　　　　　　B．if busy C．if anything D．if possible 解析：选D。句意：有的，如果有可能的话我想去拜访城市的养老院。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎11．—I hear Alice was badly injured in the accident and sent to hospital.‎ ‎—________，we should go and see her immediately.‎ A．If so ‎ B．When necessary C．On condition that ‎ D．Believe it or not 解析：选A。考查省略。句意：——我听说Alice在事故中受伤严重，并且被送进了医院。——如果是那样的话，我们应该马上去看她。If so表示“如果这(那)样的话……”；When necessary表示“有必要时……”；On condition that表示“如果……”；Believe it or ‎ not表示“信不信由你”。根据语意可知选A项。‎ ‎3【教材原句】　John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.(P38)‎ 约翰正在房间里学习，突然听到一声尖叫。‎ ‎【句法分析】　when在此句中意为“这时，突然”，相当于at this/that time，常用于以下结构中：‎ be doing...when...正在……这时……‎ be about to do...when...正打算做……这时……‎ be just going to do...when...正要……这时……‎ had just done...when...刚做了……这时……‎ be on the point of doing...when...正要……这时……‎ ‎①We were about to leave when a big noise came from the next room.我们正要离开时隔壁发出了巨大的响声。‎ ‎②We were discussing the problem when there was a power failure.我们正在讨论那个问题，这时停电了。‎ ‎③I was on the point of calling him when he came in.‎ 我正要给他打电话，这时他进来了。‎ ‎12．She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry________she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.‎ A．while　　　　　　　　　　 B．when C．before D．after 解析：选B。句意：她猛地睁开眼睛，刚要哭，这时她听到她父亲急忙告诉她要保持安静。be about to do sth.when...为固定句型，其中的when为并列连词，相当于and at that time。‎ ‎[即境活用]‎ ‎13．—Where’s that report?‎ ‎—I brought it to you________you were in Mr.Black’s office yesterday.‎ A．if B．when C．because D．before 解析：选B。句意：“那份报告在哪里？”“昨天在布莱克先生办公室的时候我给你了。”根据句意判断，此处应为时间状语，故选when。‎ ‎14．There were some chairs left over ________ everyone had sat down.‎ A．when B．until C．that D．where 解析：选A。句意：虽然所有人都坐下了，但还有一些椅子剩下。when放在句中时有even though之意。‎ 作文指导 应用文(例：书信类)‎ ‎【体裁导航】‎ 英文书信一般分为商业信函(Business Letters)和私人书信(Personal Letters)两种，而高考书面表达一般都是要求写私人书信。英文书信格式与中文书信格式有许多不同，它包括五部分，即信头、称呼、正文、结束语和签名，具体如下：‎ ‎1．信头：寄信人的地址和写信日期，写在信的右上角。注意英语中地名的写法与中文不同，要从小到大；日期的写法也与中文不同，不是写在签名之下，而是写在寄信人的地址之下。习惯上人们采用美式英语表达，即月、日、年，月、日与年之间用逗号隔开，月份尽量不要缩写，如June 8,2007；而英式英语表达则为日、月、年，中间不用逗号隔开，如8 June 2007。‎ ‎2．称呼：自成一行，顶格写。称呼语常用：Dear Sir/Madam/Manager/Editor/friends/Bob，称呼之后一般用逗号。‎ ‎3．正文：信件的主体部分即为信的正文。正文写在称呼的下一行，与Dear后第一个单词对齐。正文通常包括三部分，即开头、目的和结尾。正文的开头语常用：Thank you for your last letter asking about...；I’m glad to...。正文的结尾语是正文的一部分，常常另起一行，常用的结尾有：I’m looking forward to your reply；Thanks and all the best；Best wishes；Wishing you a pleasant journey。‎ ‎4．结束语：结束语与正文的结尾语不一样，它要写在结尾语的下一行，位于书信的右下角，后面用逗号。常用的结束语有：Yours sincerely/faithfully/truly；Sincerely/Truly yours；Yours等。‎ ‎5．签名：签名写在结束语的下一行，与结束语对齐，也就是签上写信人的名字。‎ 一封正规的私人书信格式如下：‎ Dear David，‎ I’ve learned it from the Internet that you want to make a Chinese friend so as to learn the Chinese language and culture.‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________‎ I’m looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua ‎【写作示例】‎ 假设你叫李平，你从报上得知某公司欲招聘一名英语翻译，请你给该公司经理写一封求职信，你的个人资料如下：‎ 姓名 李平 性别 男 年龄 ‎30岁 毕业学校 北京师范大学 身体状况 健康 身高 ‎1.80米 工作经历 ‎2000年至2003年　任教于南通中学 ‎2003年至现在　　任教于苏州中学 特长技能 精通英语，尤其是口语，曾将多本中文书籍译成英语。‎ 业余爱好 游泳、唱歌、跳舞 联系电话 ‎0512－8765432‎ 联系地址 苏州市人民路1号 要求：1.根据上述要点，写一封求职信；‎ ‎2．要点齐全，行文连贯；‎ ‎3．词数：150左右。‎ ‎【写作要领】‎ 求职信属于公务信函，格式和用词比较正规。‎ 信的内容可分为三部分：一、 写信目的；二、自我介绍；三、要求与愿望。第一部分(第1段)为信的开头，直截了当地提出想要应聘英语翻译一职，并表示出诚意。第二部分(第2段和第3段)为自我介绍，详细说明自己的基本状况、学历、工作经历、特长、爱好等。在行文、用词上要表现出自信、恳切的态度，语言简明扼要，突出介绍自己的优点，与众不同的特长或有利条件。还要紧扣用人单位的需求，巧用词语，勇敢地说服对方：此职位非你莫属。‎ 第三部分(第4段和第5段)再次表明自己申请该工作的诚意，并可提出要求进一步联系的途径，如留下电话号码或联系地址，还可以主动提出接受面试或考核等。另外，信的结尾处应表达一下希望尽快答复的心愿。‎ 注意：此文用第一人称来写，主体时态用一般现在时。‎ ‎【金点模板】‎ Dear____________，‎ I write this letter to apply for the position that you have advertised in______________(报纸名称)of____________(广告发布时间). /I am applying for the position of________________(想申请的职务) advertised in________________. ‎ I majored in________________(专业). My training in________________(接受过的培训) definitely meets your qualifications. My complete resume is attached.‎ I will graduate on________________(毕业时间)from________________(毕业院校). In addition to the required courses of my major, I have________________(除专业外，选修的课程). I also have some experience in____________(曾有过的社会工作经验). You will find me to be________________(请对方对自己有信心). ‎ May I have a personal interview at your convenience? ‎ I can be reached by telephone. / If you need to know more about me, please feel free to contact me at any time at________________(电话号码)．‎ Thank you for considering my application, and I am looking forward to meeting you.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Ming ‎【范文点评】‎ Dear manager，‎ ‎①I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire an English translator.②I’m interested in this job very much because I have been dreaming of being a translator.‎ Now I’d like to introduce myself to you.My name is Li Ping.I’m a young man of 30, 180 cm tall and healthy.In my spare time I enjoy swimming, dancing and singing.‎ ‎③After graduation from Beijing Normal University in 2000 as one of the most excellent students, I went to work as an English teacher in Nantong High School for three years.Since 2003, I’ve been working in Suzhou High School.‎ ‎④During my teaching career, I have made a lot of friends in various fields and developed profound friendship with each other.I’m proficient in English and I’ve translated many Chinese books into English.⑤My spoken English is especially good and my foreign friends often praise me for my accent.‎ ‎⑥I do hope that my qualifications and experiences meet your demands.If so, please write a letter to me or phone me.I live at No.1 Renmin Road, Suzhou City.My phone number is 05128765432.‎ ‎⑦I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Ping 点评：‎ ‎①I learned from the newspaper交代信息来源。‎ ‎②dream of doing sth.用得恰到好处，表明求职的诚意。‎ ‎③该处as one of the most excellent students突出自己的优势；after引出时间状语，使句式更多样化。‎ ‎④介绍个人工作经历，并根据所申请工作的特点，突出自己善于交际的能力。‎ ‎⑤通过适当地添加细节，说明自己擅长英语口语。‎ ‎⑥用助动词do表强调，充分表现出想得到这份工作的急迫心情。‎ ‎⑦以书信中的常用句式收尾，规范得体。‎ ‎【类题尝试】‎ 阅读下面一则广告，按要求完成写作任务。‎ EIL International English Summer Camp Volunteer Wanted EIL was founded in Britain in 1936 with the fundamental aim of international understanding “Learn to live together by living together”．‎ Requirements：Over 16；good knowledge of English；outgoing；working well with children between 7～12‎ Activities：Language study, outdoor recreation and travel Campers ：Students from different countries Campsite: Mount Wuyi, Fujian Time: July 26～August 9‎ Application deadline: July 15, 2010‎ If interested, please email to info@ eiluk.org 假设你是李华，这则广告引起了你的兴趣，请用英文写一封自荐信。要点如下：‎ ‎1．对夏令营主题的理解；‎ ‎2．根据招聘要求自我介绍；‎ ‎3．参加夏令营的目的。‎ 注意：1.信的开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；‎ ‎2．词数100左右。‎ Dear Sir，‎ I’m Li Hua from Fujian.______________________‎ ‎___________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________‎ I am looking forward to your early reply.‎ Sincerely yours，‎ Li Hua One possible version：‎ Dear Sir，‎ I’m Li Hua from Fujian.When I was reading the advertisement, the aim of this activity impressed me greatly.I think it instructive to learn to live together by living together.It is a good opportunity for the only child like me to learn to share and work together.Therefore I recommend myself to you without hesitation.‎ As a boy of 17, I am outgoing, good at English and have experience of working well with children aged from 7 to 12.I think it is a kind of winwin activity.For one thing, I can help take care of the children.For another thing, I can improve my English, make more friends, and enrich my life during the summer vacation.‎ I am looking forward to your early reply.‎ Sincerely yours，‎ Li Hua ‎