高中英语Module5ALessoninaLabSectionⅠIntroductionamp教学案

高中英语Module5ALessoninaLabSectionⅠIntroductionamp教学案

真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 1 Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab Section Ⅰ Introduction & Reading-Pre-reading There are two kinds of change — chemical change and physical change. In a chemical change, there is always a new substance formed. Breaking up water into hydrogen (氢气) and oxygen is a chemical change. In each of the chemical change at least one new substance (物质) is formed. A change is not a chemical change if it doesn’t form a new substance. Physical changes are very common, too. There are many examples.You can make a physical change by tearing (撕扯) a piece of paper into two, or by cutting a piece of iron with a lathe (车床). Here the paper is still paper, and the iron is still iron. Another way of making physical change is dissolving (溶解) something in water. When you dissolve salt in water, the salt disappears. You may think that a new substance has been formed. But in fact there is no new substance. The salt is still salt. You can still taste it. So the dissolving of anything is a physical change. When water freezes, the change is also a physical one.The water changes from liquid to solid. But it is still the same substance. That is why the freezing of anything is a physical change. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 2 And people often tell the differences between a chemical change and a physical change through some experiments. In this module, let’s explore the magical science world by doing experiments by ourselves. Section_Ⅰ Introduction & Reading — Prereading [原文呈现], Passage A It’s hard to think of a world without metals①. Different metals have different uses②， for example, steel is used in cars, and iron is used in electrical③equipment④. When we use metals, it is important to know how they react with different substances⑤ ， for example, water and oxygen⑥. The reaction⑦ of metals with these substances can be put in order⑧. Here is a table with the metals⑨ that react most at the top○10， and the metals that react least at the bottom⑪. Metal Heated in oxygen Reaction with water or steam⑮ Potassium Burns to form ⑫ an oxide⑬ Reacting with cold water Sodium Calcium Magnesium Reacting with steamAluminium Zinc Iron Reacts slowly Partial reaction Copper Partial⑭ reaction No reaction * an oxide ＝ another substance ＋ oxygen [读文清障] ①think of 想出；想象 句中 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是 to think of ... ②use n．用途；功能，此处为可数名词。 ③electrical/I’lektrIkl/adj.与电有关的； 用电的 ④equipment/I’kwIpmənt/n．设备；装备， 不可数名词 ⑤react /ri’ækt/vi.(化学)反应 react with 与……起反应 substance/’sʌbstəns/n．物质 when 引导时间状语从句，主句中 it 是形式 主语，不定式短语是真正的主语； how 引导 宾语从句。 ⑥oxygen/’ɒksIdʒən/n．氧气 ⑦reaction/ri’ækʃn/n．反应 reaction with 与……的反应 ⑧put ...in order 把……按顺序排列 ⑨metal n．金属 ⑩at the top 在顶端 ⑪at the bottom 在底部 Here is a table ...是完全倒装句；that 引导定语从句，修饰 metals。 ⑫form/fɔːm/vi.形成 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 3 ⑬oxide/’ɒksaId/n．氧化物 ⑭partial/’paːʃl/adj.部分的；局部 的 ⑮steam /stiːm/n．蒸汽；水汽 A 篇 [课文译文] 很难想象一个没有金属的世界。不同的金属有不同的用途，例如，钢材被用于汽车中，铁被用 于电器设备中。当我们使用金属时，了解它们和不同的物质如何发生反应是很重要的，比如，水和 氧气。(不同的)金属与这些物质的反应程度可以按顺序排列起来。右面表格中的金属反应最强的排 在上面，反应最弱的排在下面。 金属 在有氧状态下加热 与水或水蒸气的反应 钾 燃烧后生成氧化物 与冷水反应 钠 钙 镁 铝 与水蒸气反应 锌 铁 反应缓慢 部分反应 铜 部分反应 不反应 * 氧化物＝另一种物质＋氧气 Passage B A Simple Scientific Experiment Below is a description of a simple scientific experiment⑯. It shows us how iron reacts with air and with water⑰. Aim⑱： To find out⑲ if iron rusts⑳ (a) in dry air; (b) in water that has no air in it (airfree ○21 water); (c) in ordinary ○22 water. Apparatus: 3 clean iron nails○23； test tubes; test tube holder; cotton wool; oil; ⑯Below is a description ... 是完全倒装句。 ⑰iron n．铁 how 引导的宾语从句和 us 一起作 show 的双宾 语。 ⑱aim/eIm/n．目标；目的 ⑲find out 弄清 ⑳rust/rʌst/vi.生锈 ○21airfree adj.没有空气的 ○22ordinary/’ɔːdnəri/adj.普通的；平常的 ○23nail n．钉子 ○24down prep.沿着 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 4 Bunsen burner. Iron in dry air Method (1)Put some iron nails at the bottom of a test tube. (2)Push some cotton wool down○24 the tube. (3)Leave○25 the tube for one week. Result After one week, the nails have not rusted. Conclusion○26 Iron does not rust in dry air. ○25leave vt.使……处于某状态、某地等 leave＋宾语＋adj.使……处于某种状态。 ○26conclusion/kən’kluːʒn/n．结论 B 篇 [课文译文]一个简单的科学实验 下面是对一个简单科学实验的描述。这篇文章向我们表明，铁是怎样与空气和水反应的。 目的：弄清楚铁是否会在下列状态下生锈：(a)在干燥的空气中；(b)在没有空气的水中 (无空气水)；(c)在普通的水中。 仪器：三颗洁净的铁钉，试管，试管夹，棉花，油，本生灯(即煤气灯)。 铁在干燥的空气中 方法 (1)把若干铁钉置于试管底部。(2)顺着试管塞入一些棉花。(3)把试管放置一周。 结果 一周后，铁钉未生锈。 结论 铁在干燥的空气中不生锈。 Iron in airfree water Method (1)Halffill a test tube with water. (2)Boil ○27 the water for three minutes. (This makes sure○28 there is no ○27boil/bɔIl/vt.煮；煮沸 ○28make sure 确保，其后省略了宾语从句的引 导词 that。 ○29add ...to ...往……加入…… ○30keep ...out of 防止……进入；使……在外 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 5 air in the water.) (3)Put two or three clean nails in the water. (4)Add some oil to○29 the water. This will keep air out of○30 the water. (5)Leave the tube for one week. Result The nails do not rust in the tube with airfree water. Conclusion Iron does not rust in airfree water. Iron in ordinary water Method (1)Halffill a test tube with water and add two or three clean nails. (2)Leave the tube for one week. Result The nails rust in the tube with ordinary water. Conclusion Iron rusts in ordinary water. 面 [课文译文] 铁在不含空气的水中 方法 (1)在试管中加一半水。 (2)将水烧开保持 3 分钟。(这样做可以保证水中无空气。) (3)在水中放 2～3 颗洁净的铁钉。 (4)在水中加些油，这样做可防止空气进入水中。 (5)把试管放置一周。 结果 铁钉在装有无空气的水的试管中未生锈。 结论 铁在没有空气的水中不生锈。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 6 铁在普通的水中 方法 (1)在试管中加一半水，并在水中放 2～3 颗洁净的铁钉。 (2)把试管放置一周。 结果 铁钉在装有普通水的试管中生锈。 结论 铁在普通的水中会生锈。 Prereading Please match the following words with their proper meanings. 1．stage A．n.混合物 2．contract B．vi.漂浮 3．liquid C．vi.收缩 4．equipment D．n.电 5．Boil E．vi.反应 6．ordinary F．n.结论 7．expand G．vt.煮；煮沸 8．float H．n.设备；装备 9．electricity I．n.液体 10．mixture J．vi.膨胀 11．react K．n.阶段；时期 12．conclusion L．adj.普通的；平常的 答案：1～6 KCIHGL 7～12 JBDAEF Leadin Match the pictures with the proper words. expand， tube， contract， solid， gas， liquid 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 7 Whilereading Fastreading 1．Skim Passage A and choose the main idea of it. A．The different uses of metals. B．The reaction of metals with different substances. C．The reaction of metals with oxygen. D．The importance of metals. 答案：B 2．In Passage B, the simple scientific experiment consists of three parts： A．Iron_in_dry_air B．Iron_in_airfree_water C．Iron_in_ordinary_water Carefulreading (Ⅰ)Choose the best answers according to Passage A and Passage B. 1．The first sentence “It is hard to think of a world without metals.” will make us think ________. A．metals make up the world B．metals play a greatly important role in the world C．there would be no world if there were no metals D．it is difficult for us to live in the world of metals 2．The table in the passage is arranged in order of ________. A．metal kinds B．reaction activities C．values of metal D．the first letters of the words 3．Which of the following metals reacts the most with water？ A．Copper. B．Iron. C．Aluminium. D．Sodium 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 8 4．The experiment in Passage A shows us ________. A．how iron rusts with air B．iron is quite easy to rust C．how to prevent iron from rusting D．how iron reacts with air and with water 5．“Airfree water” means ________. A．air with a lot of water B．air without water C．water with a lot of air D．water without air 6．If some clean iron nails are put in a damp (潮湿的) place for a week, the nails will ________. A．rust B．not rust C．form an oxide D．keep the place dry 答案：1～6 BBDDDA (Ⅱ)True (T) or False (F)． 1．Different metals have different uses.(T) 2．The reaction of metals with different substances is the same.(F) 3．Magnesium can form an oxide when heated in oxygen.(T) 4．Iron reacts with cold water.(T) 5．Copper reacts most when heated in oxygen.(F) Studyreading Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text. 1．When we use metals, it is important to know how they react with different substances, for example, water and oxygen. [句式分析] [尝试翻译] 当我们使用金属时，了解它们与不同的物质如何反应是很重要的，比如， 水和氧气。 2．Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top, and the metals that react least at the bottom. [句式分析] 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 9 [尝试翻译] 下面表格中金属反应最强的排在上面，反应最弱的排在下面。 3．Aim: To find out if iron rusts (a) in dry air; (b) in water that has no air in it (airfree water); (c) in ordinary water. [句式分析] 句中不定式短语作目的状语；that 引导定语从句，修饰 water。 [尝试翻译] 目的：弄清楚铁是否会在下列情况下生锈：(a)在干燥的空气中；(b)在没 有空气的水中(无空气水)；(c)在普通的水中。 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A It was the end of the school term and my son Tom had less than three months left before he would finish his six years at high school.During that time he developed a love for basketball. Sadly, because of my work over the last twelve months, I had only been able to attend a few of his games; however, I was determined to get to his last game for the school term. Tom’s team led by just over 20 points at the end of the first half. The second half changed as the other team quickly came back. Tom’s team started to miss an increasing number of shots. It was at that point that the coach called his first timeout. The spectators (观众) became quiet as the coach spoke to them. He had the team standing in a half circle, but he squatted (蹲) down, looking up at them and giving some very clear instructions on what they needed to do in the last couple of minutes. As he stood up to allow the team to return to the court, I saw he gave some further words of encouragement to all of them. You could see that he knew that the team was fighting to save the game and that he needed to lift their spirits. By squatting down he placed himself in a position where he was talking up to them, rather than down or at them, and as the players went back onto the court his words of encouragement served to lift their energy and spirits. Well, Tom’s team went on to win the final by 5 points. As I drove away I thought 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 10 about what can happen to us all in our everyday life. One of my favourite quotes is about the half filled glass of water — “Is the glass half empty or half full？” Like the coach, the answer to this quote all depends on how you look at things. 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。一个有半杯水的杯子究竟是半满的还是半空的呢？作者 参加儿子毕业前的一场篮球比赛时的所见所闻或许会给我们答案。 1．Why did the writer go to see his son play basketball? A．Because his son would graduate from high school. B．Because he felt sorry for never watching his son play. C．Because it was a final his son played a key role in. D．Because he had a strong interest in basketball himself. 解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段的第一句“It was the end of the school term ... at high school.” 并结合本段最后一句中的 “however, I was determined to get to his last game for the school term”可推知 A 项符合文意。 2．By squatting down, the coach wanted to ________. A．talk about where the players were doing wrong B．make the players feel better C．prevent spectators from hearing what he said D．show his anger at the bad performance of the players 解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“By squatting down he placed himself in a position where he was talking up to them, rather than down or at them”可知， 教练蹲下与队员们说话是为了让他们感觉好一些。 3．What is the writer’s attitude towards the coach? A．Negative. B．Supportive. C．Interested. D．Unconcerned. 解析：选 B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的最后两句并结合孩子们在教练的鼓舞 下赢了比赛这些细节，不难推断出作者是支持教练的，故 B 项符合文意。 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．A father should care about his son at school. B．Playing hard is rewarded with a close match. C．What a coach says has the most influence on players. D．Looking at things positively is important in hard times. 解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据本文的内容，尤其是教练在孩子们比赛失利时的表现， 以及最后一段作者的感悟，可推知在困难时期，积极地看待问题是很重要的，故 D 项符合文 意。 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 11 B This is not something new. You’re sitting at the dinner table with your dog touching your feet. You know you shouldn’t give dogs human food. But when you look down, you find that those lovely puppy eyes are almost impossible to say “no” to. So you give it some food. What is it about a dog’s loving gaze (凝视) that makes it so lovely? A new study by a scientist Miho Nagasawa seems to have found the answer. He found it has to do with something called the cuddle (拥抱) chemical. The cuddle chemical in the blood encourages bonding. Levels of it increase, for example, when a parent hugs a newborn baby. According to Nagasawa’s study, levels of the cuddle chemical can also go up when we look deeply into the eyes of a dog. In order to better understand how the cuddle chemical works between dogs and humans, Nagasawa and his team did an experiment. They tested levels of the cuddle chemical in dogs and humans, and then put them in a room to interact (互动) with each other. While in the room, the humans petted the dogs, spoke to the dogs, and looked into the dogs’ eyes. Then the scientists tested their levels of the cuddle chemical again. They found that levels of the cuddle chemical were higher in both humans and dogs after they interacted. However, levels were the highest in the humans and dogs that simply looked into each other’s eyes, without much petting or talking. Simply put, the longer the humans look into the eyes of the dogs, the more the cuddle chemical is produced. Nagasawa did the same experiment with humans and wolves, but it did not give the same results. 语篇解读：研究发现，当人和狗对视的时候，双方体内的“拥抱荷尔蒙”都会增加，从而加 深彼此的感情。 5．According to the author, the fact mentioned in Para. 1 is________. A．special B．surprising C．common D．boring 解析：选 C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“This is not something new.”可知， 作者认为这种现象很普遍。 6．Why did Nagasawa and his team do the first experiment？A.To find how the cuddle chemical affects humans. B．To help humans get along well with animals. 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 12 C．To make good use of the cuddle chemical. D．To learn more about the cuddle chemical. 解析：选 D 推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“In order to better understand how the cuddle chemical works between dogs and humans ...”可知，科学家们做这个实验 的目的是要更好地了解“拥抱荷尔蒙”是如何发挥作用的，也就是说他们想要知道有关“拥 抱荷尔蒙”更多的信息。 7．The level of the cuddle chemical in humans will not increase when________. A．they talk to a wolf B．they play with a dog C．they hug newborn babies D．they look into a dog’s eyes 解析：选 A 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，人类和狼之间的互动交流不会使人 体内的“拥抱荷尔蒙”增加。 8．The passage is probably taken from ________. A．a story book B．a science magazine C．science fiction D．a text book 解析：选 B 文章出处题。根据文章内容可知本文主要是讲一个科学研究的，由此可推 断本文最有可能摘自一本科学杂志。 C Science experiments are a fun way for kids to learn all about science. I will introduce a few great experiments and teach your child all about the wonders of inertia (惯性)． Coin Shoot You’ll need some coins, at least eleven, and a smooth table. Stack (堆叠) all but one of the coins on the smooth table, making sure that the “high rise” is straight. Coins with wide edges make this experiment easy to do. Flick (弹) the extra coin quickly towards the bottom of the stack so that it hits the bottom coin. The bottom coin from the stack should shoot out from under the other coins without changing the rest of the stack. With good aim and quick flicks of your finger, you should be able to shoot all of the coins out of the stack one by one. Because the inertia of the stack of coins is so great, the force from the flicked coin is not enough to make the entire stack move or fall down. The Pencil Standing 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 13 Place a narrow piece of paper on a smooth table. Hold the paper so that most of it hangs off the table. Place a pencil on the paper so that it is standing straight. Now, slowly try to pull the paper out from under the pencil. What happens? Set up the paper and pencil again, and give the paper a fast pull. What happens to the pencil this time? Since the still pencil wants to stay at rest, it will be against the fast movement of the paper. This means that when the paper is moved quickly out from under the pencil, the pencil remains standing straight. If the paper is moved slowly, the movement has a chance to influence the pencil, and it will fall down. 语篇解读：科学实验能够帮你直观地探索科学奥秘。本文教你如何了解惯性的存在。 9．Which of the following is used in both of the two experiments？ A．A narrow piece of paper. B．A number of coins. C．A smooth table. D．A new pencil. 解析：选 C 细节理解题。由第二段第一句和第三段第一句可知，两个实验中都用到了 a smooth table。 10．What result can we get if we do the first experiment well? A．The stack of coins fall down on the table. B．The bottom coin is flicked out of the stack. C．All of the coins are taken away from the table. D．All of the coins are shot out of the stack one by one. 解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第二句可知，如果将这个实验做好，摞起来 的硬币会一枚一枚地被击出。 11．Most of the paper hangs off the table so that ________.A.we can pull it quickly B．we can take hold of it C．it can influence the pencil D．the pencil can stand straight 解析：选 A 推理判断题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Set up the paper and pencil again, and give the paper a fast pull.”可推知，这样放纸条是为了能够迅速地抽出纸条，故 答案为 A 项。 12．If we pull the paper slowly out from under the pencil, the pencil will ________. A．move slowly with the paper B．stand straight on the table C．be shot out from the table 真正的价值并不在人生的舞台上,而在我们扮演的角色中。 14 D．fall down on the table 解析：选 D 细节理解题。根据文章最后一句可知，如果慢慢地抽出铅笔下面的纸条， 那么纸条就会影响到铅笔，铅笔就会倒在桌子上。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。 Being in an unfamiliar school can be frightening. If you start a new school, you’ll have to worry about making friends. Here are simple tips which help you make new friends more easily. __1__ As they’re close by, it is easy to chat to them first. Try to speak to everyone in your class. You will study here for three years, so it helps if you get along well with them. If you don’t have many friends in your class, it doesn’t matter. __2__ You can also chat to them at lunchtimes and after school. Join a lunchtime or after school club. You’ll get to meet kids of all years that way. __3__ Since you’re the new person, you’ll have got celebrity status, which you can use for a couple of weeks. Talk to classmates, remember to smile, and be open and friendly. __4__ When your classmates talk to you, you should listen carefully and look at them in the eye to make them feel important. As you grow older, it’s natural to make new friends and sometimes that means you begin to grow apart from your old friends. So try and make time for all your friends. But what if a friendship group is pushing you out? If this is happening to you, ask someone you’re friendly with what has happened. __5__. A．Don’t break in while your classmates are speaking. B．Never mind what they are talking. C．Use your celebrity status! D．If the friendship is hopeless, try to find new friends. E．Try and make new friends in your neighbor classes. F．There is no need to be upset even if you have lost the friendship with such classmates. G．Try speaking to the students you’re sitting next to in class. 答案：1～5 GECAD