【英语】2019届二轮复习话题写作专题社会交往（11页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习话题写作专题社会交往（11页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习话题写作专题 社会交往 第一节　话题背诵 ‎1.address v.写上地址；发表演说；称呼；n.地址 ‎2.aid n.援助；救护；辅助器具；vt.援助 ‎3.apologize vi.道歉 ‎4.apology n.道歉；歉意 ‎5.ban n.禁令；vt.禁止；取缔 ‎ ‎6.beg vt.请求，祈求，乞讨 ‎7.command n.& vt.命令 ‎8.demand vt.要求 ‎9.forbid vt.禁止，不许 ‎10.offer n.建议；vt.提供；提议 ‎11.personally adv.就个人而言 ‎12.regard n.问候，致意 ‎ ‎13.simple adj.简单的；朴素的；淳朴的 ‎14.suggest vt.建议，提议 ‎ ‎15.suggestion n.建议 ‎16.acknowledge vt.答谢；承认；告知收到；致意 ‎17.aggressive adj.好斗的；侵略性的；攻击的 ‎18.civilisation n.文明 ‎19.communicate v.交际；传达(感情，信息等)‎ ‎20.custom n.风俗；习惯 ‎21.excuse vt.原谅；宽恕；n.借口；辩解 ‎22.interrupt v.打断；打扰；中断；阻断 ‎23.formal adj.正式的；正规的 ‎24.greet vt.问候；向……致敬 ‎25.ignore v.忽略；不理睬 ‎26.introduction n.介绍；引进 ‎27.invite vt.邀请 ‎28.noble adj.高贵的；崇高的；贵族的 ‎29.plain n.平原；adj.清楚的；易懂的；简朴的，朴素的 ‎30.private adj.私人的，个人的；私有的；不公开的，秘密的 ‎31.promise n.& v.答应，允诺 ‎32.reasonable adj.合乎情理的 ‎33.rejection n.拒绝 ‎34.slight adj.轻微的；少量的 ‎35.thankful adj.感谢的，感激的 ‎1.forget it没关系 ‎2.apologize to sb.for (doing) sth./make an apology to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 ‎3.ban/prohibit sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 ‎4.watch out当心 ‎5.see sb.off为某人送行 ‎6.wave sb.goodbye向某人挥手告别 ‎7.congratulate sb.on sth.因某事恭喜某人 ‎8.wish sb.a pleasant journey祝某人旅途愉快 ‎9.owe...to...把……归功于……‎ ‎10.be grateful to sb.for/be thankful to sb.for/thank sb.for因……感激/感谢某人 ‎11.turn down拒绝 ‎12.do sb.a favour/do a favour for sb.帮某人一个忙 ‎13.ask a favour of sb.请求某人帮忙 ‎ ‎14.help out帮助……克服困境 ‎15.ring up打电话 ‎ ‎16.call up打电话给；号召 ‎17.answer the phone接电话 ‎18.ring back回电话 ‎ ‎19.hang up挂断电话 ‎ ‎20.introduce...to...把……介绍给……‎ ‎1.He is generous with his time in offering help to us，for which we feel grateful.‎ 他毫不吝啬自己的时间，主动为我们提供帮助，为此我们都对他感激不尽。‎ ‎2.It is also a virtue to forgive and forget，especially in such a competitive and stressful society.‎ 原谅和宽恕也是一种美德，尤其是在这样充满竞争和压力的社会。‎ ‎3.The majority of students believe that interest will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills，which may put them in a favorable position in the future job market.‎ 大部分学生相信，兴趣会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。‎ ‎4.In my opinion，this relationship should be filled with love，care，understanding，and respect，so we can exchange ideas freely and get along well with each other.‎ 我认为，这种关系应该充满爱、关心、理解和尊重，这样我们才能够自由地交换观点，并且能够融洽地相处。‎ ‎5.I didn’t realize the importance of cooperating with others until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school.‎ 直到上高中时我被选为班长我才意识到与他人合作的重要性。‎ 第二节　话题阅读 真题深度阅读训练 Step One　真题体验 ‎(2016·全国Ⅲ，阅读理解B) ‎ On one of her trips to New York several years ago，Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.They settled in at a comfortable East Slide cafe and within minutes，another customer was approaching their table.‎ ‎“Hey，aren’t you from Mississippi？” the elegant，whitehaired writer remembered being asked by the stranger.“I’m from Mississippi too.”‎ Without a second thought，the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up，she also pulled up a chair.‎ ‎“They began telling me all the news of Mississippi，” Welty said.“I didn’t know what my New York friends were thinking.”‎ Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine.By the time the group got up to leave，it was pouring outside.Welty’s new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab.Heading back downtown toward her hotel，her bigcity friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion(团聚).‎ ‎“My friend said，‘Now we believe your stories，’” Welty added.“And I said，‘Now you know.These are the people that make me write them.’”‎ Sitting on a sofa in her room，Welty，a slim figure in a simple gray dress，looked pleased with this explanation.‎ ‎“I don’t make them up，” she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years.“I don’t have to.”‎ Beauticians，bartenders，piano players and people with purple hats，Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends，from walks through the streets of her native Jackson，Miss.，from conversations overheard on a bus.It annoys Welty that，at 78，her left ear has now given out.Sometimes，sitting on a bus or a train，she hears only a fragment(片段) of a particularly interesting story.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Eudora Welty在纽约请朋友吃饭时发生的有趣的故事。‎ ‎25.What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?‎ A.Two strangers joined her.‎ B.Her childhood friends came in.‎ C.A heavy rain ruined the dinner.‎ D.Some people held a party there.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“...the woman joined the Welty party.When her dinner partner showed up，she also pulled up a chair.”可知两个陌生人加入了她们。故选A。‎ ‎26.The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty’s “ ”.‎ A.readers B.parties C.friends D.stories 答案　D 解析　代词指代题。根据该词所在句的上一句“My friend said，‘Now we believe your stories，’ Welty added.”和本句中的动词write可知，them指的是stories。故选D。‎ ‎27.What can we learn about the characters in Welty’s fiction?‎ A.They live in big cities.‎ B.They are mostly women.‎ C.They come from real life.‎ D.They are pleasure seekers.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。根据最后一段“Beauticians，bartenders，piano players and people with purple hats，Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends，from walks through the streets of her native Jackson...”可知，她故事中的角色都是取材于生活中各个阶层的人。故选C。‎ Step Two　长难句分析 ‎1.Heading back downtown toward her hotel，her bigcity friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi state reunion(团聚).‎ 翻译：从市区往她的宾馆去的路上，她的这些大城市的朋友对于这次原本是纽约 的聚餐变为密西西比的团聚感到吃惊。‎ 分析：句中Heading back downtown toward her hotel为现在分词短语作伴随状语；句子主干成分为：her bigcity friends were amazed at the turn，后面为of介词短语作后置定语；其中events后为that引导的定语从句，且作从句中的主语。‎ ‎2.It annoys Welty that，at 78，her left ear has now given out.‎ 翻译：令Welty烦恼的是她的左耳听觉在78岁时已经丧失了。‎ 分析：句中it为形式主语，后面为that引导的主语从句。 ‎ Step Three　深度阅读与拓展训练 真题精选对应训练 ‎(2016·浙江，阅读理解A)‎ ‎“Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday？”Lindsey whispers to Tori.‎ With her eyes shining，Tori brags.“You bet I did.Sean told me two days ago.”‎ Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about？It just happens to be yours truly，Adam Freedman.I can tell you that what they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true.Still，Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton High School，including me.Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话).I have noticed three effects of gossip：it can hurt people，it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction，and it can cause social pressures in a group.‎ An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.Usually，gossip spreads information about a topic—breakups，trouble at home，even dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret.The more embarrassing or shameful the secret is，the juicier the gossip it makes.Probably the worst type of gossip is the absolute lie.People often think of gossipers as harmless，but ‎ cruel lies can cause pain.‎ If we know that gossip can be harmful，then why do so many of us do it？The answer lies in another effect of gossip：the satisfaction it gives us.Sharing the latest rumor(传言) can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t.Similarly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group”.In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感).‎ Gossip also can have a third effect：it strengthens unwritten，unspoken rules about how people should act.Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group.Translated into high school terms，this means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said，then you can bet that wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.The do’s and don’ts conveyed through gossip will never show up in any student handbook.‎ The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation.The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了闲话的三个影响：一是它会伤害人们的感情；二是它会给说闲话的人带来一种奇怪的满足感；三是它会在群体中导致社交压力。‎ ‎41.The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to .‎ A.introduce a topic B.present an argument C.describe the characters D.clarify his writing purpose 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句“Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话).”以及下文提到的gossip的三个影响可推知开头的对话是为了引出本文的主题，故选A。‎ ‎42.An important negative effect of gossip is that it .‎ A.breaks up relationships B.embarrasses the listener C.spreads information around D.causes unpleasant experiences 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句“An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.”可知闲话的主要危害是它会给被讨论的人带来不愉快的经历，故选D。‎ ‎43.In the author’s opinion，many people like to gossip because it .‎ A.gives them a feeling of pleasure B.helps them to make more friends C.makes them better at telling stories D.enables them to meet important people 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第五段第二句“The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us.”可知人们散播传言是因为它会带来满足感，故选A。‎ ‎44.Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can .‎ A.provide students with written rules B.help people watch their own behaviors C.force schools to improve student handbooks D.attract the police’s attention to group behaviors 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据文章第六段第二句“Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviours in a group.”可知他认为传言能帮助人们观察自身的行为，故选B。‎ ‎45.What advice does the author give in the passage?‎ A.Never become a gossiper.‎ B.Stay away from gossipers.‎ C.Don’t let gossip turn into lies.‎ D.Think twice before you gossip.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news，think about why you want to gossip and what effects your ‘juicy story’ might have.”可知作者的建议是让人们在传言之前三思而后行。故选D。‎ 第三节　话题写作 情景专练1‎ ‎(2016·宁夏银川二中模拟)假如你是李华，你的英国笔友John来信说，他的同桌经常打断他，向他请教问题，他担心这会影响自己的学习。请你用英语写一封回信。内容包括：‎ ‎1.给别人讲题也会提升自己；‎ ‎2.人人都有长处和不足，可以互相学习；‎ ‎3.帮助别人学习可以使他们树立自信，从而增进友谊。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.包括所有要点，内容可适当发挥。‎ Ⅰ.记增分素材 ‎1.提到，谈到mention/refer to ‎2.没有必要做there is no need to do ‎3.强项和弱项strengths and weaknesses ‎4.不擅长be bad at/be not good at ‎5.向……学习learn from Ⅱ.练高分句式 Dear John，‎ How are things going？In your last letter you talked about your recent worry ‎ about your studies，(1) mentioning that your deskmate often interrupted you by asking questions(提到你的同位经常问你问题而打断你).Now I would like to share my opinion with you.‎ First of all，there is no need to worry about your studies.When you explain something to others，you can get a better understanding of it，(2)which can improve yourself greatly(可以极大地提升你自己).So it is good for you.Secondly，(3)as we all know，everyone has strengths and weaknesses(众所周知，每个人都有自己的优缺点).Though your deskmate is bad at lessons，he might do well in other fields like sports or art.Therefore，you can learn from each other.In addition，top students can help others gain confidence by helping them with their lessons，which may help develop a friendship that both of you will treasure all your life.‎ I hope my advice can help.And best luck with your learning.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 情景专练2‎ ‎(2014·天津)假如你是晨光中学高三(1)班的班长李津，得知美国学生Chris作为交换生，下学期将到你班学习。请你根据以下提示，给他写封邮件：‎ ‎1.表示欢迎；‎ ‎2.介绍与本地生活相关的信息(如气候、饮食等)；‎ ‎3.介绍本班情况；‎ ‎4.希望Chris做一些事情，以增进中美学生间的了解和友谊。‎ 注意：1.可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；‎ ‎2.词数不少于100。‎ 参考词汇　交换生exchange student Ⅰ.记增分素材 ‎1.交换生an exchange student ‎ ‎2.很荣幸做某事It is a great honour to do sth.‎ ‎3.与……有关be relevant to...‎ ‎4.与……相似be similar to...‎ ‎5.没有必要做某事。There is no need to do sth.‎ ‎6.由……组成be made up of...‎ ‎7.毫无疑问……There is no doubt that...‎ ‎8.与……相处得好get along well with...‎ ‎9.最后last of all ‎10.盼望着做某事looking forward to doing sth.‎ Ⅱ.练高分句式 Dear Chris，‎ I’ m Li Jin，monitor of Class One，Grade Twelve.I’m very delighted to learn that you’re coming to our class to study with us as an exchange student next term.Welcome to our class!‎ ‎(1)It is a great honour for me to tell you some information relevant to the local life(很荣幸能为你介绍与本地有关的信息).First，our traditional foods are dumplings and rice.I hope you can enjoy them.In addition，the climate here is very similar to that in the USA，(2)so there is no need for you to worry about it(因此你不必担心气候问题).‎ Now I’ll introduce our class to you.Our class is made up of 52 students，(3)all of whom are friendly and hardworking(所有的同学都友好且学习勤奋).There is no doubt that you can get along well with them.Our teachers are kind to us and treat us as their friends.‎ Last of all，to promote the understanding and friendship between the students of the two countries，I hope you can do something，such as helping us practice our spoken English，and introducing something about American culture.‎ Looking forward to seeing you.‎ Yours，‎ Li Jin