中考复习完形填空

中考复习完形填空

龙文教育学科教学案 ‎ 教师:蒋九霞 学生: 陆彬彬日期: 2013- 星期: 时段: ‎ 课 题 中考复习——完形填空 学习目标与 考点分析 ‎ 学习重点 ‎ 难点 ‎ 学习方法 由典型例题入手，逐渐深入，边讲边练；‎ 教学过程 完形填空属于中等和偏难的题，做题时要稳定情绪，尽力而为 1、 注重首尾句 2、 克服畏难，急躁情绪，耐心通读全文 3、 切勿看到一个空格就急着选答案，必须纵观全文进行考虑 4、 动笔时先易后难，注意从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找答案，必要时大胆的做出猜测 一、完形填空的特点是什么？‎ 完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合 运用能力的典型题，难易程度与初中教材相当，词数 在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。‎ 学生通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，‎ 使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。‎ 二、完形填空的设空规律有哪些？‎ 中考完形填空抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命 题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。‎ 它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，‎ 把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查学生 通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。‎ ‎（一）从文章结构看 1. 首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提 和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、‎ 推测文章大意。‎ ‎2. 短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。‎ ‎（二）从语言层次看 考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以 把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次 1. 句子层次的设空 指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。‎ 例：‎ ‎(2007年中考英语试卷 完形填空四选一 保留原题号)‎ I 90 you were very busy then helping your friend get ready for ‎ her wedding — I am sure it was a success.‎ A. remember B. explain C. hope D. expect ‎2. 句群层次的设空 ‎ 指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目 前制性设空 即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。‎ 后制性设空 指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案 ‎ 的题目/下文某处有提示。‎ 前制性设空 例：‎ It was an English speech contest. My mother asked me to take ‎ part in it. What a terrible idea! It meant I had to ____ in front of ‎ all the teachers and students of my school!‎ ‎ A. write    B. speak    C. sing     D. dance 后制性设空 例：‎ ‎1). Nobody ____ him in the village. One day he said to them,‎ ‎ “I know you don’t like me …”‎ ‎ A. believed    B. liked     C. hated     D. knew ‎ ‎2). Country music comes from ____ kinds of music. One is the ‎ traditional music of tall mountain people in the eastern United ‎ States. The other is traditional cowboy music from the American West.‎ ‎ A. many         B. all        C. two       D. three ‎3. 语篇性设空 ‎ 指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定 正确答案的设空。‎ I work as a volunteer for an organization that helps the poor ‎ in Haiti. Recently I took my son Barrett there for a week, ‎ hoping to 1  him … achieved all I’d expected. Soon he will ‎ celebrate his 18th birthday. He will be a man. (最后一句话)‎ ‎(   ) ‎ ‎1. A. comfort      B. please          C. attract          D. educate 三、 真题演练 ‎ Sometimes you may not understand your parents. One ‎ minute they’re friendly, the next minute they’re shouting and screaming loudly enough for the whole street to hear. So who makes them so 85 ? You, probably!‎ ‎　 When you take your clothes off, remember to 86 . Get into the habit of ‎ taking glasses and plates down to the kitchen. Before long you’ll be doing it ‎ without thinking.‎ ‎　 Even though you may not realize it, your parents have bought you many ‎ clothes. But they’re not buying themselves new things every week, are they?‎ ‎ The simple truth is that there are more 87 things to spend money on, like the ‎ electricity bill and food.‎ ‎　 You may hate missing a party to visit some boring old relatives. They may ‎ go on and on about what a sweet baby you were. You have no choice but to ‎ listen. Even if you 88 , your parents won’t change their minds. Parents like to ‎ show off their family. The best thing you can do is to help entertain your relatives.‎ ‎ Your parents will be so pleased with you afterwards that they’ll probably allow ‎ you to go to the next two 89 .‎ ‎ You might not want to eat, but think of it from the parents’ ‎ point of view. If you cook two meals a day, it means 730 ‎ meals a year. Can you imagine how boring this can get? ‎ Imagine how your parents feel when you say you’re not really hungry. 90 , ‎ your parents are probably worried that you aren’t eating enough.‎ ‎　 Eat fewer snacks and leave room for your meals. Finally, offer to 91 after ‎ the meal. Your offer may not be accepted, but your parents will be pleased.‎ ‎(   ) 85. A. friendly        B. lonely         C. changeable   D. comfortable ‎(   ) 86. A. hang them up  B. leave them alone    ‎ ‎ C. put them on    D. throw them away ‎(   ) 87. A. interesting    B. difficult           C. important         D. surprising ‎(   ) 88. A. agree            B. complain         C. listen                D. win ‎(   ) 89. A. concerts        B. meetings          C. classes              D. parties ‎(   ) 90. A. In addition    B. In return           C. At most              D. At last ‎(   ) 91. A. do the cooking     B. lay the table      ‎ ‎ C. buy some snacks   D. wash the dishes ‎ 解析：‎ ‎85. （前制性设空）文章第一段提出，父母的态度往往会 令你感到诧异，他们有时是那么友好，忽然间又会生气地 大声嚷嚷，由此可以看出，他们的态度是那么地易变changeable。所以，‎ 本题答案为C。‎ ‎86. （句子层次的设空）青少年应该培养良好的生活习惯。例如，在家脱 衣后应该及时挂 上。B项leave them alone 表示“让它们独自留下”；‎ C项put them up 表示“把他们穿上”；D项throw them away表示“把它们扔掉”，‎ 以上答案显然均不符合文章意思，而A项hang them up 正是“把衣服挂上”‎ 的意思，所以答案为A。‎ ‎87. （后制性设空）家长会给孩子买许多衣服，但他们不会经常为自己购 物，那是因为他们要考虑维持家庭生计，他们往往把钱花在更重要的事 情上，所以答案为C。‎ ‎88. （前制性设空）你有时会去拜访那些无聊又年长的亲戚，他们会一遍 又一遍地唠叨你 小时候的乖巧可爱，而你只能洗耳恭听（They may go on ‎ and on about what a sweet baby you were. You have no choice but to listen.）‎ 显然，你会对此而抱怨，但家长们仍不以为然 ‎（… your parents won’t change their minds.），所以本题答案为B。‎ ‎ 解析：‎ ‎89. （前制性设空） 如果能帮助招待好你的亲戚，你的 家长会感到十分满意，也会允许你出席以后的更多的这 种聚会。选项A、B、C与聚会无关，应予淘汰。所以，本题答案为D。‎ ‎90. （语篇性设空）每日吃饭时，应该想到家长的艰辛。当你说你并不饿 时，家长不但会有内心的不快，另外会担心你吃得过少而影响身体 ‎（Imagine how your parents feel when you say you’re not really hungry. …, ‎ your parents are probably worried that you aren’t eating enough.）。根据文 章内容，空格处应填入“除此之外”的意思，所以本题答 案为A。‎ ‎91. （前制性设空）文章结尾告诫我们要少吃零食，要留出吃饭的空间 ‎（Eat fewer snacks and leave room for your meals.）。饭后也要提出帮助 父母做些事情，尽管有时不会得到他们的许可。从四个选项中，我们可 以看到D项符合饭后可做的事，A项do the cooking 表示“煮饭”，‎ B项lay the table表示“摆餐具、饭桌”均发生在饭前，C项buy some snacks 与上文“少吃零食”的论述矛盾，所以答案为D。‎ 四、 解题技巧点拨 ‎（一）细读首句，跳过空格，通读全文，掌握大意 ‎（二）理解词义，瞻前顾后，先易后难，各个击破 ‎(三) 复读全文，逐个核对，验证答案，坚定信心 实战演练 ‎ When I was fifteen I went to a summer camp. There were lots of great 90 ‎ but there was one thing I was really scared (害怕)about: climbing the wall.‎ ‎ The wall is a kind of rock that people use to learn how to climb. It is very ‎ tall. We were all supposed to climb the wall, but I knew I couldn’t get to the top ‎ because I am 91 heights. I was ashamed and I didn’t want anyone to know that ‎ I was scared. I thought they would all laugh at me. I practiced my excuse: “I’m ‎ not scared, you know, I suffer from vertigo (患眩晕症).”‎ ‎ The day came. It was time to climb the wall. The sun was shining but everyone ‎ was very quiet that morning. I took photographs at the bottom of the wall and tried ‎ to 92 . Everyone in the group went up. Then the moment came. It was my turn. ‎ I was so scared that all I could think about was my excuse. Someone said, “Shall ‎ I take your camera?” and I answered, “I’m not scared, you know. I suffer from ‎ vertigo”. The 93 was that I was more than scared, I was terrified (吓坏了). The ‎ camp leader said, “Don’t worry, you don’t have to do anything you don’t want to ‎ do.” I was surprised. Everyone was understanding. No one 94 . ‎ ‎ The next day, the leader asked me if I wanted to try the ‎ wall on my own, 95 the others watching. Although I was still ‎ very nervous I agreed and climbed slowly to the top with his help. I was still ‎ shaking when I came 96, but I was really happy and relieved too. For me, ‎ climbing the wall was a real achievement. ‎ ‎( )90. A. activities B. operations C. accidents D. exams ‎( ) 91. A. poor at B. good at C. afraid of D. fond of ‎( ) 92. A. go B. hide C. appear D. run ‎( ) 93. A. truth B. situation C. story D. reason ‎( ) 94. A. jumped B. cheered C. smiled D. laughed ‎( ) 95. A. with B. without C. among D. behind ‎( ) 96. A. in B. out C. up D. down ‎ 解析：‎ ‎90. 阅读文章可知，作者15岁时去参加夏令营，参加了 许多很棒的活动，但是有一件事令他很害怕，那就是攀岩，所以答案为A。‎ ‎91. 那墙是人们用来学习攀岩的，但作者知道他爬不到顶部因为他有恐高症 ‎（We were all supposed to climb the wall, but I knew I couldn’t get to the top ‎ because I am … heights），所以答案为C。‎ ‎92. 尽管怕，活动的日子还是到了。作者在墙脚下拍了照片后试图躲藏起来，‎ 所以答案为B。‎ ‎93. 但是还是轮到作者攀岩了，他极其害怕，但他对同伴们说自己并不害怕，‎ 这是因为患有眩晕症的缘故，事实上他内心简直是吓坏了（… and I ‎ answered, “I’m not scared, you know. I suffer from vertigo.” The … was that I ‎ was more than scared, I was terrified.），所以答案为A。‎ 解析：‎ ‎94. 队长见到此景，告诉他不必勉强攀岩，这使作者十分 惊奇，周围的人是如此地通情达理，没有人强求他做什么，也没有人嘲笑 他（The camp leader said, “Don’t worry, you don’t have to do anything you ‎ don’t want to do.” I was surprised. Everyone was understanding. No one …），‎ 所以答案为B。‎ ‎95. 第二天，队长问他是否想在没有人观看的情况下单独尝试一下 ‎（The next day, the leader asked me if I wanted to try the wall on my own, … ‎ the others watching.），所以答案为B。‎ ‎96. 作者在队长的帮助下终于慢慢地爬到了墙顶，当他下来的时候仍然浑 身发抖，但是成就感使他感到十分的高兴和宽慰（… I agreed and climbed ‎ slowed to the top with his help. I was still shaking when I came …, but I was ‎ really happy and relieved too. For me, climbing the wall was a real ‎ achievement. ），所以答案为D。‎ ‎ ‎ 学生归纳总结：‎ ‎1：这堂课你掌握了什么？答： ‎ 学生对于本次课的评价：‎ ‎ ○ 特别满意 ○ 满意 ○ 一般 ○ 差 ‎ ‎ 学生签字：‎ 教师评定：‎ ‎1、 学生上次作业评价： ○ 非常好 ○好 ○ 一般 ○ 需要优化 ‎2、 学生本次上课情况评价：○非常 好 ○好 ○ 一般 ○ 需要优化 ‎ 教师签字：‎ 教导主任签字： ___________‎ 龙文教育教务处