2019届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit4Globalwarming单元学案（38页word版）

2019届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit4Globalwarming单元学案（38页word版）

‎ 2019届一轮复习人教版选修六Unit 4 Global warming单元学案 单元基础词汇和语法搜索 Ⅰ.重要单词聚焦 ‎1． vt.　　 消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完 ‎2． adj. 胡乱的；任意的 ‎3． n. 现象 ‎4． n. 燃料 ‎5． n. 量；数量 ‎6． vi. 趋向；易于；照顾 ‎　 vt. 照顾；护理 consume random phenomenon fuel quantity tend ‎7． n. 资料；数据 ‎8． n. 趋势；倾向；走向 ‎9． n. 大灾难；浩劫 ‎10． vt. 反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 ‎11． adj. 反对的；独立的 ‎12． adj. 温和的；温柔的；淡的 ‎13． n. 结果；后果；影响 ‎14． vt. 陈述；说明 ‎15． n. 种类；范围 ‎16． vi. 看一下；扫视 ‎　 　 n. 一瞥 data trend catastrophe oppose opposed mild consequence state range glance ‎17． adj. 平稳的；持续的；稳固的 ‎18． adj. 平均的 ‎19． n. 生存；存在 ‎20． vt. 拥护；提倡；主张 ‎21． adj. 随便的；漫不经心的；偶然的 ‎22． n. 环境；情况 ‎23． n. 贡献 ‎24． n. 分歧；不一致 steady average existence advocate casual circumstance contribution disagreement Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．come 发生；造成 ‎2．subscribe 同意，赞成，订阅 ‎3．go 上升； 增长；升起 ‎4．be to 反对……‎ ‎5．keep 继续 ‎6． the whole 大体上；基本上 ‎7．on 平均来看 ‎　 average 低于/高于平均水平 ‎8．put with 忍受；容忍 about to up opposed on on average below/above up ‎9．and so 等等 ‎10． of 大量的 ‎11．result 导致 ‎12．even 甚至 ‎13．on of 代表……一方；作为……的代言人 ‎14．so as 只要 on quantities in if behalf long Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is ‎ human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.‎ ‎[信息提取]　there’s no doubt that...意为“……是毫无疑问的”。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　毫无疑问，北京奥运会是一个巨大成功。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________Beijing Olympics was a great success.‎ ‎【答案】　There is no doubt that ‎2．Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases，the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.‎ ‎[信息提取]　even if即使；尽管，引导让步状语从句，与even though近义。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　即使受到邀请我也不去参加他的晚会。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________，I will not go to his party.‎ ‎【答案】　Even if I am invited ‎3．It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off!‎ ‎[信息提取]　so long as＝as long as“只要”引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　只要你有自信，你会获胜的。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________，you’ll win.‎ ‎【答案】　So long as you have confidence in yourself ‎4．It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials，so，if you can，buy things made from recycled materials.‎ ‎[信息提取]　句中take作为“需要”讲，常用于It takes...to do...结构。‎ ‎[例句仿写]　要想成为一名长跑运动员，需要有体力和耐力。‎ ‎________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________a longdistance runner.‎ ‎【答案】　It takes strength and patience to be quantity n．量；数量 ‎(1)in quantity (＝in large amounts)/in large quantities大量地 It’s a lot cheaper if you buy it in quantity.‎ 如果你大量购买要便宜得多。‎ My brother bought a large quantity of books.‎ 我弟弟买了大量的书。‎ There are large quantities of rain in this area.‎ 这个地区的雨量很大。‎ Quantities of food and tents were sent to Wenchuan from Shandong.‎ 大量的食品和帐篷被从山东运到汶川。‎ a quantity of后同样可接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式。但当它作主语时谓语动词一般根据其所修饰的名词而定，而quantities of作主语时，不论其后的名词可数或不可数，谓语动词都用复数。‎ ‎1．(2009年福建卷)—Why does the lake smell terrible?‎ ‎—Because large quantities of water________.‎ A．have polluted　　　　 B．is being polluted C．has been polluted D．have been polluted ‎【解析】　句意为：——这湖水怎么这么难闻？——因为大量的水已经被污染了。本题考查时态、语态及主谓一致问题。water与pollute为被动关系，故排除A项；B表“正被污染”，故排除；large quantities of后加名词，谓语动词应与quantities保持一致，故排除C项，答案为D项。‎ ‎【答案】　D oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量 ‎ (1)oppose sth./doing sth./sb.doing sth.‎ 反对某事/做某事/某人做某事 He opposed the proposal to build a new hall.‎ 他反对修建新礼堂的建议。‎ I oppose you/your going there alone.‎ 我反对你单独去那儿。‎ ‎(2)be opposed to...反对……；与……对立 She seems very much opposed to your going abroad.‎ 她好像很反对你出国。‎ To be honest，I am opposed to your plan.‎ 说实话，我反对你的计划。‎ average ‎(1)adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的 The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.‎ 这个班级男生的平均年龄为十五岁。‎ There is nothing special about him，he is very average.‎ 他没有什么特别的，他非常普通。‎ ‎(2)n.平均数；平均水平；一般水准 My school work is well above average.‎ 我的学习成绩远远高于平均水平。‎ On average men smoke more cigarettes than women.‎ 平均看来，男子比女子吸烟多。‎ ‎2．Don’t expect too much of him.After all，he is a child of________intelligence.‎ A．average B．slight C．strange D．different ‎【解析】　根据前句“不要对他期望太大”。可以推断，这个孩子智力水平一般。‎ ‎【答案】　A glance ‎(1)vi.看一下；扫视 He glanced over his shoulder nervously.他紧张地回头张望。‎ He glanced over the morning paper and went out.‎ 他匆匆地浏览了晨报然后出去了。‎ ‎(2)n.一瞥；匆匆一看 I could see at a glance that it wasn’t his own work.‎ 我一眼就看出这不是他本人的作品。‎ I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar faces among the audience.我扫视了一下大厅，发现观众中有许多熟悉的面孔。‎ ‎3．After a quick________at the patient，the doctor rang for an ambulance.‎ A．glance B．glare C．gaze D．stare ‎【解析】　句意为：在看了病人一眼之后，医生打电话叫了救护车。glance扫视，匆匆一看，一瞥。‎ ‎【答案】　A circumstance环境；情况(常用复数)‎ In/Under the circumstances he felt unable to accept the job.‎ 在这种情况下，他觉得无法接受这项工作。‎ In/Under no circumstances should a baby be left alone in the house.无论如何都不能把婴儿独自留在家里。‎ Circumstances permitting，I’ll go abroad to study.‎ 情况允许的话，我要出国学习。‎ ‎4．Under no circumstances________to move to a new place far away from her workplace，because it isn’t convenient for her family and herself.‎ A．Karen will agree B．will Karen agree C．Karen will disagree D．will Karen disagree ‎【解析】　句意为：因为对于Karen和她的家庭来说搬到远离她的工作地点去住是太不方便，所以她决不同意搬家。题中因为under no circumstances(决不)这一否定短语开头，故此应用倒装结构，排除A、C。根据句意可以排除D选项。‎ ‎【答案】　B come about产生；发生；没有被动式，有时用it作形式主语，后面跟that引导的主语从句。‎ The driver wouldn’t tell me how the accident came about.‎ 司机就是不告诉我事故是怎么发生的。‎ I’ll never understand how it came about that you made such a mistake.我真不明白你居然犯了这么个错误。‎ 辨析：come about，happen，take place与break out ‎(1)come about 发生，产生，指要求解释或说明事情发生的理由。经常与how连用。‎ How did these differences come about?‎ 这些差别是怎样产生的？‎ ‎(2)happen 发生，常用词汇，指偶然的，意外的，具体客观事物的发生或出现，尤其指自发的未能预见的事情发生。‎ Luckily the earthquake didn’t happen in the center of the city.‎ 幸亏地震没有发生在市中心。‎ ‎(3)take place 发生，指事件或事故的发生是在预料中的并非是偶然的，进而引申为按计划“进行，举行”。‎ Great changes have taken place in our school in the past few years.最近几年我们学校发生了很大变化。‎ ‎(4)break out指战争、火灾、疾病等的突然“发生、爆发”。‎ A fire broke out during the night.夜间突然发生了火灾。‎ ‎5．It’s already 10 o’clock.I wonder how it________that she was two hours late on such a short trip.‎ A．came over B．came out C．came about D．came up ‎【解析】　句意为“已经十点钟了。我不知道是怎么回事，这么短的路程她迟到了两个小时”。come over来访；come out出来，出版；come about发生，出现；come up出现，到来。‎ ‎【答案】　C result in导致，主语为起因，宾语为结果。‎ The accident resulted in two deaths.‎ 这场事故导致两人死亡。‎ Our efforts resulted in success.我们的努力终于成功了。‎ ‎(1)result from...由……造成；因……而产生 ‎(2)as a result结果 ‎(3)as a result of...由于……的结果 ‎(4)without result没有结果；白费 The terrible accident resulted from his carelessness.‎ 那桩可怕的意外事件因他的疏忽大意而引起。‎ He was late as a result of the rain.由于下雨他迟到了。‎ We tried hard，but without result.‎ 我们尽了很大努力，但白费了。‎ ‎6．Any damage________carelessness must be paid for by the borrower.‎ A．resulting from B．resulting in C．resulted from D．resulted in ‎【解析】　根据句子结构可排除C、D两项。句意为“‎ 由于疏忽所引起的任何损失应由借用者负责赔偿”。result in导致，致使；result from起因于。‎ ‎【答案】　A put up with意为“忍受；容忍”，既可接人，也可接事物。‎ I don’t know how his parents put up with his bad behaviour.‎ 我不知道他的父母是如何忍受他的恶劣行为的。‎ She could hardly put up with that fellow any longer.‎ 她再也不能忍受那家伙。‎ I won’t put up with her rudeness any longer!‎ 我再也不会容忍她的粗鲁无理了。‎ stand，bear，tolerate忍受，容忍 He can’t stand being laughed at in public.‎ 他忍受不了在公众场合被嘲笑。‎ ‎7．I can________some noise while I’m studying，but I can’t stand very loud noise.‎ A．put up with B．get rid of C．have effects on D．keep away from ‎【答案】　A There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer (see Graph 1) and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和(见图表1)，而且全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。‎ 在本句型中，that从句是同位语从句，表示doubt的内容。用法与there is a chance that...是一样的。‎ ‎(1)doubt作为名词，若用在否定句或疑问句中，后面接that引导的同位语从句；若用在肯定句中，后面接whether引导的同位语从句。注意此时不可以用if替换whether。‎ ‎(2)doubt作为动词，若用于否定句和疑问句中，后面接that引导的宾语从句；若用于肯定句中，后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句 。‎ ‎①There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter.‎ 毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的。‎ ‎②There is no doubt that radio and television are important means of communication.‎ 毫无疑问，收音机和电视机是信息交流的重要方式。‎ ‎③I have no doubt that he will succeed.我相信他会成功的。‎ There’s some doubt whether/if he is fit for the job.‎ 他是否胜任这项工作有点疑问。‎ ‎④He doubts if she will keep her word.‎ 他不敢肯定她是否会遵守诺言。‎ ‎⑤I don’t doubt/have no doubt that he will win the race.‎ 我不怀疑他将赢得比赛。‎ ‎8．Some researchers believe that there is no doubt________a cure for AIDS will be found.‎ A．which B．what C．that D．whether ‎【解析】　There is no doubt that...为固定搭配，意为“……是毫无疑问的”。‎ ‎【答案】　C It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it—if not，turn it off！只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！‎ ‎(1)so long as＝as long as “只要”引导条件状语从句。‎ You may borrow the book as long as/so long as you keep it clean.只要你不把书弄脏，就可以借给你。‎ So long as/As long as you have confidence in yourself，you’ll win.只要你有自信，你会获胜的。‎ as long as只能用于肯定句，而so long as既可用于肯定句又能用于否定句。‎ as long as还可意为“与……一样长，长达……”。‎ We need a rope as long as 30 metres.‎ 我们需要一条30米长的绳子。‎ ‎9．(2009年北京卷)You may use the room as you like________you clean it up afterwards.‎ A．so far as B．so long as C．in case D．even if ‎【解析】　句意为：你尽可随意使用这个房间，只要你过后打扫干净即可。so far as远到；就……而言；so long as只要；in case以防(万一)；even if即使。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎10．(2008年全国卷Ⅰ)—Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?‎ ‎—I don’t mind where we go________there’s sun，sea and beach.‎ A．as if B．as long as C．now that D．in order that ‎【解析】　句意为：——暑假有什么打算？——去什么地方都行，只要有阳光、大海和沙滩就可以了。as long as只要，引导条件状语从句；as if好像；now that既然；in order that为了，不符合语境要求。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎11．(2008年安徽卷)—Do you have a minute？I’ve got something to tell you.‎ ‎—OK，________you make it short.‎ A．now that B．if only C．so long as D．every time ‎【解析】　句意为：——你有时间吗？我有事要给你说。——好的，只要长话短说。考查一组短语作连词的用法。now that既然；由于，引导原因状语从句；if only要是……就好了，用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的情况；so long as只要，表示条件；every time每次；每当，表示时间。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎(2)if not在本句中是if you are not using it的省略形式 I think the train leaves at midday.You’d better take a taxi.If not，maybe you’ll miss it.‎ 我想火车是正午开，你最好打的去，否则可能会误车的。‎ Is anybody feeling cold？If not，let’s put the central heating off.‎ 有谁感到冷吗？如果没有，就把暖气关掉。‎ ‎(1)if so如果这样 Have you got a free evening next week？If so，let’s have dinner together.下周你哪个晚上没事？如果没有事，我们去吃饭吧。‎ ‎(2)if any若有 Point out errors，if any.若有错误，请指正。‎ ‎(3)if necessary如果有必要 Take this camera with you，if necessary.‎ 如果有必要，带上照相机去吧！‎ ‎12．(2008年安徽卷)—Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?‎ ‎—Yes.________，I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.‎ A．If ever B．If busy C．If anything D．If possible ‎【解析】　句意为：“你为即将到来的假期做了特别安排吗？”“是的。有可能的话，我将去市里的几家老人院看看。”if ever ‎ 如果曾经，如：We see them very seldom，if ever.我们难得见到他们。if possible有可能的话。由句意可知D项正确。‎ ‎【答案】　D Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．There are large________(数量) of rain in the area of the country every summer.‎ ‎【答案】　quantities ‎2．Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into________(存在)．‎ ‎【答案】　existence ‎3．The________(数据) is still being analysed.So don’t be so worried.‎ ‎【答案】　data ‎4．The earthquake was a terrible________(大灾难)．‎ ‎【答案】　catastrophe ‎5．A rainbow is a natural________(现象) especially after a heavy rain.‎ ‎【答案】　phenomenon Ⅱ.情景交际 ‎1．—Whose advice do you think I should follow?‎ ‎—________‎ A．No problem. B．Come on!‎ C．It’s up to you. D．Well，that’s life.‎ ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。从题意不难看出符合本题语境的是It’s up ‎ to you，意思是“由你来决定”。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎2．—May I take your order now?‎ ‎—________.‎ A．No，I’m in trouble now B．Yes，we obey orders C．Yes，I’d like a dish of chicken D．No，do what you please ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。本题的关键是理解语境。“May I take your order now？”表示“现在请您点菜好吗”，显然选项C符合语境。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎3．—I’m too excited to say one word.‎ ‎—________.‎ A．A friend in need is a friend indeed B．The dream really comes true C．Out of sight，out of mind D．Think twice before you do ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。The dream really comes true意为“美梦成真”，符合语境。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎4．—At lunch time，I’d like to have a chat with you.‎ ‎—________Have what with me?‎ A．I apologize. B．Pardon?‎ C．I see. D．Forgive me.‎ ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。从下一句话Have what with me？可看出，这里表示没有听清楚，请求再说一遍，故选“Pardon？”。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎5．—Have you been wasting time on computer games again?‎ ‎—________.I’ve been studying a lot and I need a break.‎ A．No way B．Not really C．I don’t agree D．I couldn’t agree more ‎【解析】　考查交际用语。根据题中的“I’ve been studying a lot...”可知说话人并没有一直在玩游戏，因此选择Not really，在口语中相当于No。No way表示“没门”，用来拒绝对方的请求。C项与D项都是对方征求意见时的应答语。‎ ‎【答案】　B Ⅲ.巧思妙解 ‎1．(2009年福建俊民中学模拟)—How did it________that you made such a silly mistake?‎ ‎—I myself haven’t figured it out yet.‎ A．bring about B．come about C．come across D．come on ‎【解析】　句意为：——你怎么会犯如此愚蠢的错误？——‎ 连我自己都还没弄明白。B.形成，产生。A.造成，引起；C.偶然发现；D.改进，加油。‎ ‎【答案】　B ‎2．—Have you________some new ideas?‎ ‎—Yeah.I’ll tell you later.‎ A．come about B．come into C．come up with D．come out with ‎【解析】　句意为：——你提出了什么新想法吗？——噢，以后我会告诉你的。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎3．The teacher asked a difficult question，but Ted finally managed to________a good answer.‎ A．put up with B．keep up with C．come up with D．go through with ‎【解析】　句意为：老师问了一道很难的题，但特德最后还是想出了令人满意的答案。put up with忍受；keep up with跟上；come up with提出；go through with(艰难地)完成，履行……诺言。根据句意选C。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎4．Son，there is no________to worry.Everything will just go fine.‎ A．need B．difference C．point D．doubt ‎【解析】　句意为：儿子，没必要担心。一切都会好起来的。There is no doubt需加that从句，表示“……是不容置疑的”。There is no point in ‎ doing something做某事没有价值、意义；There is no need to do sth.没必要做某事；There is no difference没有差别、区别。‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎5．—They used to be good friends but now they are like strangers.‎ ‎—How________this________？‎ A．was；come about B．did；come about C．was；taken place D．was；happened ‎【答案】　B Ⅳ.语法专练 本单元语法—it的用法(Ⅱ)‎ ‎1．(2009年石家庄市高中毕业班复习教学质量检测)I still remember how many years ago________I last met her in the countryside.‎ A．when it was B．was it that C．when was it D．it was that ‎【解析】　考查强调句型。remember后的部分是宾语从句，从句中含有一个强调句型，被强调部分是how many years ago。‎ ‎【答案】　D ‎2．(2009年东北三校第一次联考)We have made________clear that we are strongly against smoking in the office.‎ A．this B．that C．it D．one ‎【解析】　考查it的特殊用法。句中的it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是that we are strongly against smoking in the office。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎3．(2009年东城第一学期检测)Flowers growing in a wellequipped greenhouse find________hard to survive in the wild.‎ A．it B．that C．so D．very ‎【解析】　在think/feel/find等词后，常接it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在后面，所以答案为A。其实，该句还可以转换为：Flowers growing in a wellequipped greenhouse find that it is hard to survive in the wild.‎ ‎【答案】　A ‎4．I’ve just seen no more than one copy of Gone with the Wind in the bookshop opposite.Tom，go and buy________back.‎ A．one B．any C．it D．some ‎【解析】　it表示同一个；one表示同类。句中提到的对面书店有一本《飘》，把那本书买回来，故选C。‎ ‎【答案】　C ‎5．(2009年郑州第二次检测)—What an exciting party!‎ ‎—Yes，the night seems as if________would never end.‎ A．there B．time C．that D．it ‎【解析】　考查代词。空白处填it，指代the night。‎ ‎【答案】　D 单元综合知识链接高考题型 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018安徽马鞍山模拟)‎ The poaching, or the illegal killing, of rhinos (犀牛) in South Africa is growing worse each year. The government recently reported that a record number of rhinos were poached in 2014, a year which had more rhino killings in South Africa than ever before.‎ The World Wildlife Fund, or WWF, says about 20,000 rhinos live in South Africa. They make up more than 80 percent of the rhinos in the world. Edna Molewa, South Africa’s Environment Minister, says, “During 2014, we are sad to say that, 1,215 rhinos were killed. This is a rise in the number of poached rhinos from 1,004 in 2013 and indeed very worrying.”‎ The animals are hunted for their horns (角). Many people in Asia believe the horn has curing power, which drives poachers, at all costs, mad for more horns. But there is no scientific evidence for this belief. The horn is made of keratin. That is the same thing as human hair, fingernails and toenails.‎ Ms. Molewa said 386 suspected poachers were arrested last year, an ‎ increase from the year before. But rhino protection workers say poachers often go unpunished after arrest. South Africa’s legal system is ineffective. Ms. Molewa said more needs to be done and South Africa is taking strong measures to protect rhinos. The efforts include moving some of the animals to secret places in neighboring countries. “Now approximately 100 rhinos have been moved to neighboring states in the SADC region during 2014 and 200 more rhinos will be moved this year,” Molewa said.‎ Jo Shaw, the rhino program manager at the WWF, said, “We’re talking about a loss of a hundred rhinos a month, or more than three a day. We really need to see effective action not just at a national level but internationally.” She says officials should find the criminal groups responsible for the poaching and punish them. Government officials are to meet in Botswana in March at the Inter-governmental Conference on Illegal Wildlife Trade.‎ ‎1.What do we know about rhinos?‎ A.Half of rhinos live in South Africa.‎ B.Less than 1,000 rhinos were killed in 2013.‎ C.The killing reached the highest point in 2014.‎ D.There are only 20,000 rhinos left in the world.‎ ‎2.What is the main reason for people to hunt rhinos?‎ A.To get more keratin.‎ B.To protect the farmland.‎ C.To use them for decoration.‎ D.To make money from horns.‎ ‎3.Jo Shaw thinks that 　　　. ‎ A.many criminal groups are well-organized B.new laws are needed to punish the killers C.rhino protection needs international cooperation D.conferences about protecting rhinos are to be held every year ‎4.What can we infer from the text?‎ A.Rhino protection has a long way to go.‎ B.No one would like to buy horns in the future.‎ C.The illegal killing of rhinos will soon disappear.‎ D.Rhinos living in South Africa will move to other countries.‎ B ‎　　“De-extinction”,the idea that extinct(绝种的)animals can be brought back through cloning or genetic(基因的)engineering,has attracted the interest of a small group of scientists.The topic has made the cover of National Geographic Magazine. Supporters say they are doing it for moral reasons and because they “miss” the extinct animals.They blame the human exploitation of animals(such as hunting and the destruction of wildlife habitat),but their plans,which sound exciting,are exploitation in another form.‎ Considering the imperfect science of cloning,de-extinction would cause animals suffering.Most animals born of such experiments would suffer serious diseases,dying soon after birth or having a shortened lifetime.Spanish and French scientists worked for years to bring the Pyrenean ibex,a species of wild goat,back from extinction by cloning.In 2009,they succeeded only in producing a sick baby goat that died 10 minutes after birth.For the animals to be born,other animals would live in captivity,in a lab or elsewhere and serve as mother substitutes(代用品),routinely having operations as part of the cloning process.For example,elephants would be kept in captivity to carry woolly mammoth(猛犸象)babies for nearly two years.Such experiments often lead to other animals’ unhappiness.‎ If extinct animals were successfully brought back,where would they go?Their original habitats have developed and changed. They are unlikely to survive in the natural environment now. But if they did manage to survive,they would affect their environment in unpredictable ways,presenting a new threat. If the animals born through de-extinction were raised in zoos and museums,what good would be that?It is exploitation,not a solution.‎ It would be better to apply creative thinking about protection to the real-life problems of today’s world.De-extinction draws attention away from the difficult situation of endangered animals.Discussions about ‎ woolly mammoth cloning do nothing to stop the illegal endangered wild African elephant hunt. Money should be used to prevent the conflict between humans and wildlife.‎ Let’s keep de-extinction in the world of science fiction,learn from our failed past,and protect wild animals and their habitats for the future.‎ ‎5.The underlined word“it”in Paragraph 1 refers to “　　　”. ‎ A.de-extinction B.cloning or genetic engineering C.exploitation D.National Geographic Magazine ‎6.In Paragraph 2, examples are given to show that　　　 . ‎ A.modern elephants are related to the woolly mammoth B.scientists should improve the cloning process C.de-extinction does harm to some animals D.it’s possible to bring back extinct animals ‎7.What might happen if extinct animals came back to the world?‎ A.The problem of extinction might be solved.‎ B.They might live in their original habitats.‎ C.The balance of nature might be disturbed.‎ D.More endangered animals might be saved.‎ ‎8.What’s the author’s attitude towards “de-extinction”?‎ A.Disapproving. B.Doubtful.‎ C.Supportive. D.Uncertain.‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎　　阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎　　In 1982, July 1st was officially established as Canada Day. 　1　(variety) events are organized on that day, including parades, concerts, festivals and firework displays, 　2　 attract Canadians of all ages across the country. ‎ Canada Day is the year’s biggest national party. Canada’s national flag can be seen everywhere and many people have their faces 　3　(paint) red and white, which are Canada’s national colours. The 　4　(celebrate) in Ottawa, Canada’s capital city, are especially grand and exciting. ‎ In Quebec, many people spend Canada Day 　5　(move) from one house to another. So in Quebec, Canada Day is also known 　6　 Moving Day. ‎ ‎　　Many organizations, businesses, and stores are closed on that day. Only some Book stores, hospitals and gas stations may be open. Post offices are closed, too. As Canada Day 　7　(fall) during the Canadian summer holidays, all schools are closed as well. In some areas, special services 　8　(provide) for large events. ‎ The Canadians enjoy 　9　(they) to the full on that day. The only problem is 　10　 the concerts, the parades and the festivals may cause traffic jams in some major cities. ‎ ‎1.　　　 2.　　　 3.　　　 4.　　　 5.　　　 ‎ ‎6.　　　 7.　　　 8.　　　 9.　　　 10.　　　 ‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2018安徽合肥高三调研)‎ ‎　　假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ I am writing to tell you anything about the transportation in China. Over the past few decades we have developed an amazed network of public transportation. Besides, we have been decided to make efforts to make them much better. I am sure a network will satisfy your needs for traveling everywhere more convenient. People usually chose the means of transportation based with some aspects, such as the cost and the time. For ‎ example, businessmen are more likely travel by plane or high-speed train to save time while office worker tend to take buses or drive to work.‎ 答案精解精析 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎[语篇解读]　本文讲述了犀牛被猎杀的现状、原因及相关的应对策略。‎ ‎1.C　推理判断题。根据第一段的第二句“The government recently reported that a record number of rhinos were poached in 2014, a year which had more rhino killings in South Africa than ever before.”可推知,2014年被非法猎杀的犀牛的数量是有史以来最多的,故C项正确。‎ ‎2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可推知,人们猎杀犀牛的主要原因是想用犀牛角来赚钱,故D项正确。‎ ‎3.C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“We really need to see effective action not just at a national level but internationally.”可知,Jo Shaw认为犀牛保护需要国际合作,故C项正确。‎ ‎4.A　推理判断题。根据第四段的第二句和第三句以及最后一段的内容可推知,保护犀牛还有很长的路要走,故A项正确。‎ B ‎[语篇解读]　本文为议论文。通过克隆或基因工程使已经灭绝的动物“复活”引起了一些科学家的兴趣,但这种做法对于现存的动物及生态环境不一定有利。‎ ‎5.A　词义猜测题。根据第一段第一句可知“de-extinction”指的是“通过克隆或基因工程使已灭绝的动物重新存在”。再结合第三句支持者们说他们这么做是出于道德可知画线的it指的就是“de-extinction”,故答案为A项。‎ ‎6.C　推理判断题。第二段的主题句为第一句话,即Considering the imperfect science of cloning,de-extinction would cause animals suffering.然后作者用举例的方法说明了这一观点,由此可见本题答案为C项。‎ ‎7.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“if they did manage to survive,they would affect their environment in unpredictable ways,presenting a new threat”可知答案为C项。‎ ‎8.A　推理判断题。通读全文可知作者对“复活”已经灭绝的动物持反对意见。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎[语篇解读]　本文为说明文,题材为文化风俗类。文章主要介绍了加拿大国庆节。‎ ‎1.Various　空格中所填单词修饰名词events,需用variety的形容词形式。‎ ‎2.which　关系代词which指代先行词events,引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语。‎ ‎3.painted　have their faces painted red and white是have sth. done结构,其中painted red and white是过去分词短语作宾语补足语。‎ ‎4.celebrations　空格中所填单词在句中作主语,需用celebrate的名词形式;由于谓语动词是are,故用celebration的复数形式。‎ ‎5.moving　spend time doing sth.表示“花时间做某事”。‎ ‎6.as　be known as...是固定短语,意思是“作为……而闻名”。‎ ‎7.falls　这里说的是一般情况,故用一般现在时。‎ ‎8.are provided　主语services和provide是被动关系,故用被动语态;这里说的是经常性情况,故用一般现在时。‎ ‎9.themselves　enjoy oneself表示“玩得愉快”。‎ ‎10.that　that引导表语从句,that在句中起连接作用。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎　　I am writing to tell you ① about the transportation in China. Over the past few decades we have developed an ② network of public transportation. Besides, we have ③been decided to make efforts to make ④ much better. I am sure ⑤ network will satisfy your needs for traveling everywhere more ⑥. People usually ⑦ the means of transportation based ⑧ some aspects, such as the cost and the time. For example, businessmen are more likely ⑨ travel by plane or high-speed train to save time while office ⑩ tend to take buses or drive to work.‎ ‎①这里为肯定句,故用something,意为“某事,某物”。‎ ‎②amazing令人吃惊的。以-ing结尾的形容词一般用来形容物,意为“令人……的”。‎ ‎③we和decide为主动关系,故应把been去掉。‎ ‎④代替上文提到的an amazing network of public transportation应使用代词it。 ‎ ‎⑤此处network表特指,故使用定冠词the。‎ ‎⑥修饰traveling应使用副词conveniently。 ‎ ‎⑦这句话在陈述一个事实,所以时态应该为一般现在时。‎ ‎⑧be based on为固定搭配,意为“基于……”。‎ ‎⑨be likely to do sth. 为固定搭配,意为“很有可能做某事”,故应在likely后面加to。‎ ‎⑩worker为可数名词,tend为复数形式,故应把worker改成workers。‎ 书面表达专题指导：申请信 ‎【篇首句】介绍自己，简要说明信息来源，并提出申请。‎ ‎1. I'm Li Hua, from Class One, Senior Two.‎ 我是李华，来自高二一班。‎ ‎2. I have read in the newspaper that a secretary is wanted in your company.‎ 我在报纸上看到你们公司在招聘一名秘书。‎ ‎3. I read the announcement of the Experience Life that you have posted ‎ on the Internet and I am interested in it.‎ 我在网上看到你们发布的体验生活的消息，我对此很感兴趣。‎ ‎4. I am extremly pleased to see your advertisement for an English tutor（家庭教师/助教）in the newspaper.‎ 我很高兴在报纸上看到你们招聘家庭教师/助教的广告。‎ ‎5. I am writing to apply for the summer camp in your school.‎ 我写信是想申请加入你们学校的夏令营。‎ ‎6. I am writing to tell you that I'm suitable for the job you are advertising.‎ 我写信是想告诉你，我适合做你们在广告上刊登的这份工作。‎ ‎7. I am writing to inquire about the possibility of the job.‎ 我写信是询问（我得到）这份工作的可能性。‎ ‎8. I am writing to join the program.‎ 我写信是想加入这个项目。‎ ‎9. I would like to apply for it during the summer vacation.‎ 我想要暑假申请它。‎ ‎【篇中句】突出自己特点，具体说明胜任理由。‎ ‎1. I think I'm qualified for the position. ‎ 我认为对于这个职位我是有资格的。‎ ‎2. In the first place, I have strong written and spoken communication skills.‎ 首先，我有很好的写作和交流技巧。‎ ‎3. What's more, I am well acquainted with the western culture.（be acquainted with 熟悉）‎ 而且，我非常熟悉西方文化。‎ ‎4. Last but not the least, I have good personality, and I am independent in life.‎ 最后但也是很重要的一点是，我有很好的性格，并且在生活中很独立。‎ ‎5. I think it's of great use to me. For one thing, I can gain some experience for my future job; for another, I can make more friends.‎ 我认为它对我是有好处的。一则，我能够为未来的工作获得经验；二则，我可以交到更多的朋友。‎ ‎6. I am sure I can do my best in the job.‎ 我保证在工作中会尽最大努力。‎ ‎7. That's why I am applying for the position.‎ 那就是我申请这个职位的原因。‎ ‎8. I hope I can join you. ‎ 我希望我能够加入你们。‎ ‎【篇尾句】请求给予机会，期望尽快回复。‎ ‎1. I will be much grateful if you can give me the opportunity.‎ 如果你能给我这个机会，我会非常感激。‎ ‎2. I hope you can offer me the opportunity.‎ 我希望你能提供给我这个机会。‎ ‎3. I hope I can be accepted as a member of your summer camp.‎ 我希望我能够成为你们夏令营的一员。‎ ‎4. If you need to know more about me, please contact me at 189......‎ 如果你需要了解我更多，请给我打电话189......‎ ‎5. I am looking forward to your early reply.‎ 期待你的早日恢复。‎ ‎6. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.‎ 期待早日收到你的来信。‎