2020届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit2学案设计（36页word版）

2020届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit2学案设计（36页word版）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版选修八Unit2学案设计 话题素材——克隆技术 好词 ‎1.drawback n. .缺点；不利条件 ‎2.experiment n. 实验 ‎3.explore vt. 探索 ‎4.ban n．&vt. 禁止 ‎5.argumentn. 争论 ‎6.hot topic 热点话题 ‎7.medical breakthrough 医学上的突破 ‎8.be worth considering 值得考虑 ‎9.in terms of 从……角度 ‎10.object to/be against 反对 ‎11.agree/be for 同意；支持 ‎12.a sound attitude 一种积极的态度 ‎13.follow the lead 仿效 ‎14.contribute to solving the problem of 有助于……问题的解决 ‎15.test out the theory by experiment 用实验检验理论 佳句 ‎1.Today's technology develops so quickly that many impossible things ‎ become true.‎ 如今的科技发展得如此快以致于许多不可能的事情都成为了现实。‎ ‎2.In my own opinion, I agree_to clone the endangered animal and disagree_with cloning human.‎ 以我的观点，我同意克隆濒危动物、不同意克隆人类。‎ ‎3.I think that we should use the clone to make_our_life_better_off.‎ 我想我们应该用克隆物使我们的生活变得更美好。‎ ‎[精美语篇]‎ Cloning is a way of making an exact copy of another animal or plant. Cloning plants is straightforward while cloning animals is a difficult task to undertake. From time to time people suggest that extinct animals should be brought back to life through cloning. Last Friday， we had a discussion about whether we should clone animals. Some are in favour of it. Large quantities of commercial food can be produced. Besides，the extinct animals can be cloned， if their DNA is still in good condition. It can also be used to cure serious illnesses. Others have a strong objection to it. They believe that cloned animals can't resist some diseases and tend to die earlier. Dolly lived six and a half years altogether， half of the length of the life of the original sheep. Above all， it is bound to disturb the balance of nature.‎ 高频单词 ‎1．differ (vi.) 不同；相异→difference (n.) 不同；差异→different (adj.) 不同的 ‎2．exact (adj.) 精确的；准确的→exactly (adv.) 精确地；准确地 ‎3．undertake (vt.) 着手；从事；承担→undertook (过去式)→undertaken (过去分词)→undertaking (n.)‎ 任务；项目；事业 ‎4．regulation (n.) 规则；规章；法规→regular (adj.) 规则的；有规律的 ‎5．cast (vt.) 扔；投；掷→cast (过去式/过去分词)‎ ‎6．altogether (adv.) 总共；完全地 ‎7．object (vi.) 反对；不赞成→objection (n.) 不赞成；反对；异议 ‎8．moral (adj.) 道德(上)的；伦理的→morally (adv.) 道德上地；伦理上地 ‎9．accumulate (vt. &vi.) 积累；聚积→accumulation (n.) 积累；聚积 ‎10．assumption (n.) 假定；设想→assume (vt.) 假定；设想 ‎11．shortly (adv.) 立刻；不久 ‎12．retire (vi.) 退休；离开→retirement (n.) 退休，退职；退役→retired (adj.) 退休的；离职的 ‎13．bother (vt.) 打扰 (vi.) 操心 (n.) 烦扰 ‎14．resist (vt.) 抵抗；对抗→resistance (n.) 抵抗力；反抗→resistant (adj.) 有抵抗力的；耐……的 ‎15．obtain (vt.) 获得；赢得→obtainable (adj.) 可获得的；可得到的 ‎16．reason (n.) 理由；原因→reasonable (adj.) 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的→unreasonable (adj.)(反义词)不合情理的 ‎17．fair (adj.) 公平的；适当的；合理的→fairness (n.) 公平→fairly (adv.) 公平地；相当地 重点短语 ‎1．pay_off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 ‎2．cast_down 沮丧；不愉快 ‎3．have_a_great_impact_on 对……有重大影响 ‎4．object_to 反对 ‎5．in_favor_of 赞成；支持 ‎6．owe..._to_ 把……归功于……‎ ‎7．(be)_bound_to_(do) 一定或注定(做)……‎ ‎8．strike...into_one's_heart 使……刻骨铭心 ‎9．from_time_to_time 不时；偶尔 ‎10．bring...back_to_life 使复生；使复活 ‎11．in_vain 白费力气；枉费心机 ‎12．in_good/poor_condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)‎ 热点句型 ‎1．while 表对比关系，“然而；可是”‎ Cloning plants is straightforward while(然而) cloning animals is very complicated.(教材 P11)‎ ‎2．当 now，then 位于句首，谓语是 come，appear 等时，主句完全倒装。that 引导同位语从句 Then_came(传来) the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill. (教材 P11～P12)‎ ‎3．The advantage is that...“其优点是……”，that 引导表语从句 The_advantage_is_that(优点是) if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.(教材 P15)‎ ‎4．based on...“建立在……的基础之上”，过去分词作状语 Based_on(建立在……基础之上) what we know now, you can not clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years.(教材 P15)‎ 巩固训练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．The fact is ________ these are both examples of natural clones.‎ 答案：that ‎2．It is a way of ________ (make) an exact copy of another animal or plant.‎ 答案：making ‎3．But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid ________ in 1996 with a breakthrough.‎ 答案：off ‎4．The fact ________ she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.‎ 答案：that ‎5．Cloning scientists were cast ________ to find ________ Dolly's illnesses were more appropriate to a much older animal.‎ 答案：down; that ‎6．Newspapers wrote of evil leaders hoping to clone themselves ________ (attain) their ambitions.‎ 答案：to attain ‎7．Dolly's death, like her birth, was bound ________ (raise) worries.‎ 答案：to raise ‎8．All efforts of cloning an animal will be ________ vain if there is not enough diversity in the group to overcome illnesses.‎ 答案：in ‎9．Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes ________ (arrange) in different ways.‎ 答案：arranged ‎10．The initial requirment is ________ you need perfect DNA.‎ 答案：that ‎1 undertake vt.着手；从事；承担；保证；答应 It is a difficult task to undertake.(P11)‎ 它是一项很难完成的任务。‎ 归纳拓展 undertake sth. 着手/从事/承担某事 undertake to do sth. 保证/答应做某事 undertake that... 保证……‎ undertake responsibility/a task 承担责任/任务 语境助记 ‎①If you undertake_the_task,_you must be ready to suffer from hardship.‎ 如果你承担这项任务，你就必须做好遇到艰难险阻的准备。‎ ‎②He undertook_to_give the money back in six months.‎ 他保证 6 个月内还钱。‎ ‎③I can undertake that you'll enjoy the trip.‎ 我保证你会喜欢这次旅行。‎ ‎2 objection n．不赞成；反对；异议 On the other hand, Dolly's appearance raised a storm of objections and had a great impact on the media and public imagination.(P12)‎ 另一方面，多莉的出现引起了一阵强烈的反对，对媒体和公众的想象力也产生了极大的影响。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)raise an objection to sth. 对某事提出异议 make/take/have an objection to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事 ‎(2)objectn. 物体；目标 vi. 反对；不赞成 object to sb./sth. 反对某人/某事 object to doing sth. 反对做某事 object that... 反对……‎ ‎(3)objectiveadj.真实的；客观的；无偏见的 语境助记 ‎①We are determined to carry out the plan if you have_no_objection.‎ 如果你不反对，我们决心实施这项计划。‎ ‎②[牛津高阶]If nobody objects,_we'll postpone the meeting till next week.‎ 如果没人反对，我们就把会议推迟到下周。‎ ‎③He strongly objects_to_being_treated like a child.‎ 他强烈反对被人当孩子一样对待。‎ ‎④I find it difficult to be objective where he's concerned.‎ 只要涉及到他，我就难以做到保持客观。‎ ‎3 forbid vt.(forbade/forbad, forbidden)禁止；不准 Some began to reform their legal systems and forbade research into human cloning...(P12)‎ 有些政府开始改革他们的法律制度，禁止进行克隆人的研究……‎ 归纳拓展 forbid sb. to do sth. ïü forbid sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事 forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事 forbid sb. sth. 禁止某人某事 forbid that... 禁止……(从句中常用“should＋动词原形”)‎ It is forbidden to do sth. 做某事是禁止的。‎ 语境助记 ‎①The new law forbids_smoking in offices.‎ 这项新法律禁止办公场所吸烟。‎ ‎②He was_forbidden_to_leave the base as a punishment.‎ 作为惩罚，他被禁止离开基地。‎ ‎③My father forbade_me_from_meeting/to_meet my friends online at the Internet caf．‎ 我父亲禁止我去网吧见我的网友。‎ ‎4 owe vt.欠(钱、账、人情等)；归功于；应感谢 You owe the lady an apology.(P13)‎ 你必须向这位女士道歉。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)owe sb. sth./owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物 owe sb. an apology 该向某人道歉 owe sb. a favour 欠某人一个人情 owe...to... 把……归功于……；应感激……‎ owe it to sb. that 多亏某人……‎ ‎(2)owingadj. 欠着的；未付的 owing to＝because of＝on account of＝due to 因为；由于 语境助记 ‎①[牛津高阶]She still owes ￡3,000 to her father.‎ 她还欠她父亲 3000 英镑。‎ ‎②I think maybe we owe_you_an_apology.‎ 我认为我们应向你道歉。‎ ‎③Mary will take care of the baby—she owes_me_a_favour.‎ 玛丽会照看孩子的——她欠我一个人情。‎ ‎④Owing_to the rain, the match was cancelled.‎ 由于大雨，比赛被取消了。‎ ‎5 strike v．(struck, struck)撞击；敲；打；罢工；突然想起；给人……印象；突然发生 n．罢工 ‎...proves how the idea struck a mixture of fear and excitement into people's hearts.(P15)‎ ‎……证明了这一想法使人们感到既恐惧又兴奋。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)strike...into one's heart 使……刻骨铭心 be struck by/with 被……击中/打动/感动 It strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that... 某人突然想起……‎ sth. strikes/hits/occurs to sb. 某人突然想起……‎ ‎(2)go on strike 罢工 语境助记 ‎①The visitors were_struck_by the beauty of the tourist area.‎ 游客被旅游区的美景迷住了。‎ ‎②Staff at the hospital went_on_strike in protest at the incidents.‎ 医院员工举行罢工，抗议这几起事件。‎ ‎③指出 strike 在句中的不同含义 a．He struck me as a very serious but friendly person.给人……印象 b．A powerful earthquake struck the Italian island of Sicily early this morning. 袭击/撞击 c．At this point, it suddenly struck me that I was wasting my time.突然想起 d．She struck him in the face. 打 过关演练 单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．My main ________ (object) to the plan is that it costs too much.‎ 答案：objection 考查词性转换。句意：我不赞成这项计划主要是花费太多。由句意及 my 一词 可知，应填名词形式 objection。‎ ‎2．It ________ (strike) me that playing against the other team was a ‎ great learning moment for all the girls on the team.‎ 答案：struck 考查固定句式。It strikes/struck sb. that...“某人突然想起……”。‎ ‎3．The United Nations Organization (UNO) could undertake ________ (direct) the distribution of aid.‎ 答案：to direct 考查 undertake 后接不定式。句意：联合国组织承担指导救助品的分配。undertake to do sth.“承担/保证做某事”。‎ ‎4．Please note that food and fruit ________ (forbid) in the library, but you are allowed to have drinks and sweets with you.‎ 答案：are forbidden 考查被动语态。句意：请注意食物和水果在图书馆中是禁止的，但是随身 携带饮料和糖果是被允许的。由句意可知，应用被动语态。‎ ‎5．He didn't even bother ________ (let) me know he was coming.‎ 答案：to let 考查 bother 后接不定式。bother to do sth.“花费时间或精力做某事”。句意：他甚至 连通知都没通知我他要来。‎ ‎6．Although they're twins, they ________ (different) greatly in their tastes.‎ 答案：differ 考查词性转换。本句中缺少谓语动词，故应填 differ。‎ ‎7．I didn't say that I wanted to buy it but ________ (mere) asked for the ‎ price.‎ 答案：merely 考查词性转换。merely 副词“仅仅；不过”，修饰动词 asked。‎ ‎8．His explanation was not ________ (reason), so all of us didn't accept it.‎ 答案：reasonable 考查词性转换。形容词 reasonable“合乎情理的”在句中作表语。‎ ‎9．All the new employees are asked to learn about the rules and ________ (regulate) of the company and they must obey them.‎ 答案：regulations 考查词性转换。由 and 以及 rules 可知，应用名词复数。‎ ‎10．Jackie Chan enjoys great ________ (popular) both in Hong Kong and inland.‎ 答案：popularity 考查词性转换。名词 popularity“受欢迎”作 enjoy 的宾语。‎ ‎1 pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清 But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough－the cloning of Dolly the sheep.(P11)‎ 但是决心和耐心使科学家们最终在 1996 年收获了突破性的结果——克隆羊“多莉”。‎ 归纳拓展 pay sth. off 全部偿还；偿清(债务)‎ pay sb. off (结工资后)解雇；打发走 pay for sth. 付钱(买)；支付；为某事吃苦头或受惩罚 pay sb. for sth. 付钱给某人买某物 pay back 还钱；偿还；报复 语境助记 ‎①[2016·北京高考]This work is starting to pay_off. The annual death rate for adult condors has dropped from 38% in 2000 to 5.4% in 2011.‎ 这些努力开始奏效。成年秃鹫的年死亡率已经从 2000 年的 38%降至 2011 年的 5.4%。‎ ‎②What delighted him was that after all these years he at last paid_off_all_his_debts.‎ 使他高兴的是几年之后他终于还清了所有的债务。‎ ‎③Right, I'll pay_for the food and you pay for the drinks.‎ 好吧，我付饭菜钱，你付酒水费。‎ ‎④That I can pay_back the help people give me makes me happy.‎ 能够回报人们给我的帮助让我感到很开心。‎ ‎⑤写出下列句子中 pay off 的含义 a．It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan.偿清 b．Two hundred workers have been paid off.(结工资后)解雇；打发走 c．All those weeks of studying will pay off when you take the exam.取得 好结果 ‎2 in good/poor condition 状况很好(坏)；情况很好(坏)‎ The dodo became extinct fairly recently so its DNA is still in good condition. (P17)‎ 渡渡鸟是近期才灭绝的动物，因此它的 DNA 仍保存完好。‎ 归纳拓展 ‎(1)working/living/studying conditions 工作/生活/学习环境 on condition (that)．.. 在……条件下；条件是……；倘若；只要 on no condition 决不(位于句首时需部分倒装)‎ ‎(2)conditional adj. 有条件的；以……为条件的 语境助记 ‎①The car has been well maintained and is in_good_condition.‎ 这辆车一直保养得很好，车况极佳。‎ ‎②Teenagers can surf the Internet through mobile phones on_condition_that they can make good use of it.‎ 只要青少年学生能够很好地利用手机，那么他们就可以使用手机上网。‎ ‎③On no condition should_you_lose_heart when you are in trouble.‎ 当你处在困境中，你决不能失去信心。‎ ‎④[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]It improved her living_conditions.‎ 这改善了她的居住条件。‎ 过关演练 选词填空 in favour of； cast down； be bound to； bring...back to life； in vain； from time to time； in good condition； pay off； object to； strike...into one's heart ‎1．Finally that hard work ________ and now the water in the river is cleaner than ever.‎ 答案：paid off ‎2．All the doctors did was ________， and the patient died after three days' treatment.‎ 答案：in vain ‎3．I still see her ________ though we live far from each other.‎ 答案：from time to time ‎4．I bought the bicycle ten years ago. It still stays ________.‎ 答案：in good condition ‎5．He seemed quite ________ when he knew the result.‎ 答案：cast down ‎6．We're all ________ equal pay for equal work.‎ 答案：in favour of ‎7．Keep on working hard like this, and your research ________ obtain great success.‎ 答案：is bound to ‎8．He happened to be saved by a kind man and was ________ again.‎ 答案：brought back to life ‎9．She made it clear that she ________ the proposal, for it was useless.‎ 答案：objected to ‎10．Mountain Tai ________ its beauty ________ and she decided to visit it again the next year.‎ 答案：struck; into her heart ‎1 The_advantage_is_that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.(P15)‎ 优点是如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死去，而另外一些却能存活下来，并 且把这种抗疫力传给下一代。‎ The advantage is that... “优势是……”。that在此引导表语从句。‎ 归纳拓展 The advantage/strength of...is that... ……的优势是……‎ The disadvantage of...is that... ……的不足是……‎ The drawback of...is that... ……的缺点是……‎ The problem of...is that... ……的问题是……‎ The chance is that... 有机会……‎ The news is that... 消息是……‎ 语境助记 ‎①The_advantage_is_that we have a good command of English.‎ 优势是我们很好地掌握了英语。‎ ‎②The_drawback_of the popularity of cars is_that it brings about so much air pollution.‎ 汽车普及的缺点是它带来了严重的空气污染。‎ ‎③The_chance_is_that our team will finish at the top, as our remaining matches aren't too difficult.‎ 由于我们队余下的比赛不太难，我们队在结束时有可能名列前茅。‎ ‎2 Based_on what we know now, you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than ‎10,000 years.(P15)‎ 就我们现在所知，你不可能克隆那些灭绝了一万年以上的动物。‎ based on是过去分词短语作状语。‎ 归纳拓展 类似短语还有：‎ worried/concerned about对……感到担忧 satisfied with对……感到满意 surrounded by被……包围 faced with面对……‎ compared with与……比较 语境助记 ‎①Satisfied_with what he did, the teacher praised him in class.‎ 老师对他所做的事情很满意，于是在班上表扬了他。‎ ‎②[2016·山东潍坊一模]Taken according to the instructions, the medicine will work for your headache.‎ 按说明吃药，这药会对你的头疼有效。‎ 过关演练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．When ________ (compare) with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.‎ 答案：compared 考查过去分词短语作状语。此处为状语从句的省略，因 the biggest ocean 与 compare 是被动关系，故用过去分词。compared with...“与……比较；与……相比”。‎ ‎2．All the work ________ (do), she has time to go shopping.‎ 答案：done 考查非谓语动词。此处是独立主格结构，do 与逻辑主语 all the work 之间为被动，‎ 且已完成，因此用 done。句意：所有工作都完成了，她有时间去购物了。‎ ‎3．The advantage is ________ smiling can not only make us happy, but also please others.‎ 答案：that 考查表语从句的连接词。‎ ‎4．The trouble is ________ I have lost his address.‎ 答案：that 考查表语从句的连接词。表语从句中不缺成分，故用 that 引导。‎ ‎5．________ (leave) alone at home, the little boy didn't feel afraid at all.‎ 答案：Left 考查过去分词作状语。句意：尽管独自被留在家里，小男孩一点儿也不感到害怕。‎ 主语 the little boy 与 leave(留下)之间为被动关系，故填过去分词。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．If __________， I should go and see the dentist at once.‎ 如果我是你的话，我会马上去看牙科医生。‎ 第 37 页 共 37 页 答案：I were you ‎2．Which part of this book ________ is the most interesting?‎ 这本书中你认为哪一部分最有趣？‎ 答案：do you think ‎3．____________________ Chinese women's volleyball team won the championship in the 31st Olympic Games.‎ 然后传来了令人兴奋的消息，中国女排在第 31 届奥运会上获得了金牌。‎ 答案：Then came the exciting news that 复习同位语 概念 同位语是句子成分的一种，位于名词、代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况，它可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。‎ The program is attractive. The program is WhereAreWeGoing, Dad.‎ ‎→The program, Where Are We Going, Dad, is attractive.‎ 同位语的表现形式 同位语除可以直接位于所修饰的名词、代词后外，也可以用“such as, that is, of, or”等词引导。‎ The freezing temperature is the temperature at which water freezes under ordinary pressure. Freezing point is that too.‎ ‎→The freezing temperature, or freezing point, is the temperature at which water freezes under ordinary pressure.‎ 同位语从句 ‎1．概念：一个句子在复合句中起到同位语的作用，对前面的名词进行解释说明。这个句子被称为同位语从句。‎ He told me the news—he would come home from abroad soon.‎ ‎→He told me the news that he would come home from abroad soon.‎ ‎2．用法：同位语从句一般位于“fact, news, idea, truth, hope, belief, thought, doubt, question, promise,information”等抽象名词后，解释前面名词的具体含义。‎ When will he come back? I have no idea.‎ ‎→I've no idea when he will come back.‎ ‎3．同位语从句连接词有“that, whether, who, which, what, when, where, why, how”等。‎ Should we continue to do the experiment？The problem has not been solved.‎ ‎→The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has not been solved.‎ ‎4．同位语从句与定语从句的区分：同位语从句所修饰的名词在从句中不作成分；定语从句所修饰的名词在从句中充当句子成分。‎ ‎①Then he raised the question.‎ Where were they to get the machine needed?‎ ‎→Then he raised the question where they were to get the machine needed.(同位语从句)‎ ‎②Do you know the place? He was born in the place.‎ ‎→Do you know the place where he was born？(定语从句)‎ 过关演练 单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)。‎ ‎1．The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief ________ you are better than anyone else on the sports field.‎ 答案：that 考查同位语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处是由 that 引导的同位语从句，‎ 说明 belief 的具体内容，该从句中不缺少成分，故填 that。‎ ‎2．—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?‎ ‎—Yeah, but I have no idea ________ he did it; that's one of his favorite universities.‎ 答案：why 考查同位语从句的引导词。why 在此处引导同位语从句，说明 idea 的内容。‎ ‎3．The question ________ will take his place is still not clear.‎ 答案：who 考查同位语从句的引导词。who 引导同位语从句，说明 question 的内容。‎ ‎4．We haven't yet settled the question ________ we are going to spend our summer vacation.‎ 答案：where 考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。‎ where 引导同位语从句。‎ ‎5．I have no idea ________ that cell phone isn't working, so could you fix it for me?‎ 答案：why 考查同位语从句的引导词。句意：我不知道为什么手机不能正常工作了，你能为我修理一下吗？why 引导同位语从句。‎ Ⅰ.完形填空(建议用时 17′)‎ The phone call came one cool winter day. I was __1__ that my father ‎ was seriously ill.‎ It had been long since I had seen my father. Ever since his __2__ from my mom, my father had lived alone in a small trailer (房车) in California, 500 miles away from me. The real __3__ between us seemed so much greater. I was in no hurry to __4__ that, but somehow I heard myself __5__ to the owner of the trailer to be there the next day. The whole drive down, __6__ flashed through my mind. I remembered my father, the proud Marine. He made sure the first song I __7__ was the Marine Hymn (美国海军陆战队队歌). He snatched off (扯下)the Christmas __8__ all the decorations the rest of us had__9__ and rehung them so there was __10__ the same space between them. But we need not __11__ those military orders, as we were not soldiers. I remembered __12__ the battles he had with my mother. I remembered hoping to hear my father say __13__once, “ I love you, Patty”， only to have him __14__ at me, “You can't do anything right！”And now here I was standing outside his trailer, trying to __15__ my courage to face him once more. I knocked on the door, my hand and my whole body __16__. No answer. Slowly I opened the door. I took a few __17__ inside and stopped, too shocked to believe my eyes. My father was sitting on his sofa, looking confused and crying. This wasn't the __18__ man I had known growing up. He seemed broken.A sense of __19__ overtook me, and I knew what I had to do. He would be my father forever. Without ‎__20__， I went back inside and packed up all of my father's things. I would take him to my home—our home.‎ 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。由于父亲的顽固任性，使作者及家人对父亲产生了很深的误会，而导致亲人分离很久。多年后作者看到父亲的境地，深深地感到自责，决定带父亲回家。‎ ‎1．A. remember B．convinced C．informed D．warned 答案：C 根据上文中的“The phone call came”可知，“我”被告知(informed)父亲生病了。‎ ‎2．A. divorce B．difference C．absence D．hearing 答案：A 根据下文中讲述的父亲独自一个人住在房车内可知，父母应该是离婚(divorce)了。‎ ‎3．A. difficulty B．distance C．challenge D．pain 答案：B 根据上文中的“500 miles away from me”可知，此处表示“我们”之间的距离(distance)。‎ ‎4．A. destroy B．continue C．increase D．change 答案：D 由上文提到的父亲与家人之间的距离，以及下一段讲述的情况可知，作者不愿改变(change)这一局面。‎ ‎5．A. announce B．beg C．promise D．apologize 答案：C 根据 but 可知，尽管过去种种，让作者不喜欢父亲，但对房车的主人还是要有回应。故填 promise，表示“答应”。‎ ‎6．A. memories B．doubts C．pictures D．messages 答案：A 根据上文中的“drive down”以及下文作者对记忆中父亲的 回顾可知，该空应为“记忆(memories)”。‎ ‎7．A. performed B．learned C．admired D．composed 答案：B 结合句意可知选 learned，表示“我”学会的第一首歌应是美国海军陆战队队歌。‎ ‎8．A. box B．gift C．tree D．cake 答案：C 根据下文可知，此处应指其他家庭成员早先在圣诞树上布置好的装饰被父亲扯下来，故选 C。‎ ‎9．A. taken up B．made up C．set up D．put up 答案：D 见上题解析。put up 为“张贴；布置”的意思。‎ ‎10．A. uniquely B．exactly C．properly D．actually 答案：B 根据语境可知，作为陆战队的一员，父亲做事的方式应该是准确无误，故填 exactly。‎ ‎11．A. master B．obey C．admit D．recite 答案：B 根据下文“we were not soldiers”可知，此处表示“但是，我们不需要遵守(obey)部队上的命令”。‎ ‎12．A. eventually B．suddenly C．clearly D．regularly 答案：C 结合第一段可知，作者对父母的争吵记忆犹新，故选 C 项。clearly 意为“清楚地；清晰地”。‎ ‎13．A. just B．always C．seldom D．ever 答案：A 此处表示作者对父亲的期待。句意：“我”记得多么希望听到父亲只对“我”说一次“我爱你，帕蒂”。‎ ‎14．A. point B．stare C．laugh D．yell 答案：D only to do 表示“意想不到的结果”，此处表示父亲朝“我”大吼(yell)，故选 D 项。‎ ‎15．A. show B．gather C．support D．improve 答案：B 根据上文对父亲过去种种的回忆可知，作者要站在父亲面前，需鼓起(gather)足够的勇气。‎ ‎16．A. waving B．hurting C．spreading D．shaking 答案：D 结合上文及作者此刻的心情可知，这么久再见到父亲作者会感到有些紧张，害怕，所以手和身子都在发抖，故选 D 项。‎ ‎17．A. sttif B．measures C．turns D．jumps 答案：A 根据下文中的 stopped 可知，该空表示作者走了几步(stTIF)。‎ ‎18．A. selfish B．proud C．sensitive D．strange 第 41 页 共 41 页 答案：B 此处描述作者父亲目前的境况大不如前，不再是那个骄傲的人了，故选 B 项。‎ ‎19．A. sorrow B．fear C．pride D．anger 答案：A 见到父亲的境地，作为女儿的“我”感到悲伤。sorrow“悲伤”。‎ ‎20．A. effort B．pity C．hesitation D．rest 答案：C 结合上文以及下文中的“packed up all of my father's things”可知，作者毫不犹豫地决定 带父亲回家。without hesitation“毫不犹豫”。‎ Ⅱ.阅读理解(建议用时 16′)‎ A Cloning is a biological term that refers to the process of producing genetically identical organisms such as bacteria, insects and plants that reproduce asexually (无性的). Life on planet survives and thrives due to adaptableW1 cloning that occurs overthecourseoftimeP1. Plants can be cloned using various medium, but this article speaks specifically about water as a medium for cloning. Using Water for Cloning Growing plants in water is a very old practiceW2； the Chinese have been doing it for long. Just bearinmindP2 a few of the following stTIF and tips, and you can grow your own plant clone. As old as it may sound, take cuttings from a healthier plant, and use a sharp knife to cut it. Healthier the mother plant, and sharper the cut, better will be the success rate. Cut the stems at an angle of 45°， around 1/4 inch below the leaf nodes. Always have a minimum 5－6 cuttings. To prepare the rooting solution, take a water holder or container, and pour water in it. Three-fourth of the jar should be filled. Stand the cuttings individuallyW3 in different jars, and cover them with transparent plastic sheets while cloning. The plastic covering will ensure high humidity levels, and this, combined with the rooting water, will speed the rooting process. Make sure the water stays clean. Change water after 2－3 days. The roots will appear in a week's time. Once you see them, remove the sheet and place them in a ‎ location where they can receive partial natural light. Move the rooted cutting to a soil medium once they have enough healthy roots. Cloning of plants in water or through other mediums can ensure existence of species, especially those which are endangered. There are many plants that have one in hundred chances of breedingW4 naturally, or can't produce seeds, so cloning such plants through advance technologies will ensure there continued existence. Cloning plants and trees has helped in better harvest, and increased the plant resistanceW5 to harmful viruses and diseases.‎ 篇章导读：本文为说明文。大家对于克隆这个概念并不陌生，但是在水中克隆植物也许你并不了解。‎ ‎1．According to Paragraph 1, ________.‎ A．cloning can only be used in all animals and plants B．many medium can be used to clone plants C．all the livings can clone themselves D．water is the best medium to clone 答案：B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句的“Plants can be cloned using various medium”可知，可用多种媒介来克隆植物。故 B 项正确。‎ ‎2．Why should transparent plastic sheets be used to cover jars?‎ A．To recognize different jars.‎ B．To recognize different cuttings.‎ C．To fasten the rooting process.‎ D．To make the water in jars clean.‎ 答案：C 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第二句“The plastic covering will ensure high humidity levels...will speed the rooting process”可知，此举的目的是加快植物生根的速度。故 C 项正确。‎ ‎3．What should you do once you see roots appear?‎ A．Remove the sheet in the sun.‎ B．Move plants to a soil medium quickly.‎ C．Change water for plants more often.‎ D．Make them receive some light.‎ 答案：D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第二句中的“place them in a location where they can receive partial natural light”可知，D 项正确。‎ ‎4．It can be inferred that cloning plants in water ________.‎ A．is seldom used in today's agriculture B．can make plants not catch diseases C．can increase farmers' income D．sometimes make specie be endangered 答案：C 推理判断题。文章倒数第一段提到了水中克隆植物可以使植物更加抗病、高产，因此可推知这样可以增加农民的收入。故 C 项正确。‎ ‎5．What does the passage mainly tell us?‎ A．Ways to clone plants.‎ B．Cloning plants in water.‎ C．How to clone animals and plants.‎ D．A special way to grow plants.‎ 答案：B 主旨大意题。文章主要是讲怎样在水中克隆植物，故 B 项是最佳选项。‎ W重点单词 ‎1．adaptable adj. 有适应能力的；能适应的 ‎2．practice n. 惯常做的事；习惯 ‎3．individually adv. 分别地；单独地 ‎4．breed v. 交配繁殖；饲养 ‎5．resistance n. 抵抗；抗拒；反对 P重点短语 ‎1．over the course of time 在……期间；在……的时候 ‎2．bear in mind 将……记在心中；记住 B ‎[2017·河西区高三质检]People may use the expression “birdbrain” in English to talk about someone who is stupid, but crows prove that this is unfair. Now it has been discovered that crows may understand analogies (类推法)．It was once thought that only humans could understand analogies, which help us to solve problems creatively, put things into categoriesW1， and make scientific discoveries. To test this ability in animals, scientists do “relational matchingtosample”(RMTS)‎ ‎ tests, according to the IFL Science website. If a pair was AA, for example, then picking BB to match it would be correct. If the pair was CD, however, then EF would be correct. Apes and monkeys have learned RMTS, but scientists wanted to know if crows could do it, too. An international team led by Edward Wasserman from the University of Iowa in the US first trained two hooded crows to match things by color, shape, and number in what is called “identity matchingtosample (IMTS)”，then moved onto RMTS. For the IMTS test, the birds were put in a cage with a plastic trayW2 that had three cards and two cups in it. The card in the middle was the sample card. The cups oneithersideP1 were covered with the other two cards: One was thesameasP2 the sample (in the color, shape, or number of shapes pictured), while the other wasn't. The cup with the card that matched the sample card containedW3 two worms to eat. In the second part of the experiment, the birds were tested with relationalW4 matching pairs. A card with two same-sized circles, for example, meant they should pick the test card with two same-sized squares and not two different-sized circles. The birds did well in the more difficult test and picked the correct card more than three quarters of the time, Science News reports. Wasserman was surprised that crows were able to solve the problem without any training in RMTS.“What the crows have done is extraordinary，” he said in a news releaseW5. “Honestly, if it was only by force that the ‎ crows showed this learning, then it would have been an impressive result. But this was spontaneous.”‎ So perhaps it's time to stop saying “birdbrain” in the opening paragraph?‎ 篇章导读：通过对乌鸦的研究表明，乌鸦表现出了以前人们没有意识到的鸟类的智力。‎ ‎6．Why does the author mention the expression “birdbrain” in the opening paragraph?‎ A．To get the reader interested in the origins of the expression.‎ B．To urge people to stop saying that birds are stupid.‎ C．To introduce the topic of Edward Wasserman and his experiments.‎ D．To introduce recent findings about crows' intelligence.‎ 答案：D 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“...but crows prove that this is unfair. Now it has been discovered that crows may understand analogies (类推法)．”可知，此举是为了引出关于乌鸦的智力的最 新发现。故 D 选项正确。‎ ‎7．Which of the following is TRUE about the tests on the hooded crows?‎ A．The birds did better in RMTS than in IMTS.‎ B．The birds were first made to do RMTS, then IMTS.‎ C．The birds picked almost all the correct cards in RMTS.‎ D．In the IMTS test, the birds needed to identify the sample card to get rewards.‎ 答案：D 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“The cup with the card that matched the sample card contained two worms to eat.”，可知在 IMTS 实验中，鸟儿需要识别样卡才能得到奖励，即两条虫。故答案选 D。‎ ‎8．In the RMTS test, if the birds were given the sample card with two same-sized triangles, they had to pick the test card with ________.‎ A．two same-sized circles B．one circle and one triangle C．two different-sized circles D．two different-sized triangles 答案：A 推理判断题。根据第六段第二句“A card with two same-sized circles, for example, meant they should pick the test card with two same-sized squares and not two different-sized circles.”可知，在 RMTS 实验中，一张有 2 个相同大小的圆的样卡应匹配另一张有 2 个相同大小的正方形的卡。以此类推。故答案 A 正确。‎ ‎9．The underlined word “spontaneous” in the secondtolast paragraph is closest in meaning to________.‎ A．central B．creative C．natural D．predictable 答案：C 词义猜测题。上文提到乌鸦的这种表现并没有经过训练，故可知 spontaneous 意为“自然的”。故 C 项正确。‎ ‎10．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Monkeys Are Clever Than Crows B．Crows Show Cleverness C．Crows Did Well in RMTS D．Crows May Understand Analogies 答案：B 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，通过对乌鸦的研究表明，乌鸦表现出了让人意想不到的聪明。故 B 项正确。‎ W重点单词 ‎1．category n. 类别；种类 2.tray n. 盘；托盘 ‎3．contain vt. 包含；含有 ‎4．relational adj. 有关的；相关的 ‎5．release n. 公开；发布 P重点短语 ‎1．on either side 在任何一边；在两边都 ‎2．the same as 与……一样 Ⅲ.短文改错(建议用时 8′)‎ My mother is a teacher work in a key high school. She is too busy that she often has to get up early and stay up late. In addition to this, she hardly has any times to take exercise. She has been on poor health for some time. My father and I are worried that she may fall ill if she works too hard. These days I'm thinking why to develop my mother's interest in playing sports. Considered that today is Mother's Day, I decided buy a pair of jogging shoes for her. I secret put them on the desk in her study. ‎ When my mother entered into her study this evening, she looked surprised, but she immediately realized my intention. She promises that she would go jogging every evening.‎ 答案：‎ 第一处：work→working 考查现在分词作后置定语。因 work 与 a teacher 之间为主动关系，且是 主动含义，因此用现在分词作后置定语。‎ 第二处：too→so 考查固定结构。本句式为 so...that 结构。‎ 第三处：times→time 考查固定搭配。have time to do sth 中的 time 为不可数名词。‎ 第四处：on→in 考查介词。in poor/good health“身体差/好”。‎ 第五处：why→how 考查副词。根据句意应为 how，此处表示如何培养母亲在运动上的兴趣。‎ 第六处：considered→considering 考查现在分词作状语。动词 consider 与主语 I 之间为主动关系，‎ 因此用现在分词。‎ 第七处：buy 前加 to 考查动词不定式。decide to do sth“决定做某事”。‎ 第八处：secret→secretly 考查副词。副词 secretly 修饰动词 put。‎ 第九处：去掉 enter 后的 into 考查动词用法。enter 是及物动词其后应直接跟宾语(her study)；再者 enter 的含义就是“进入”，也说明无需 into。‎ 第十处：promises→promised 考查动词的时态。根据上下文可知，应用一般过去时。‎