2020版高考英语总复习Unit1Livingwell教学案 人教版选修7

2020版高考英语总复习Unit1Livingwell教学案 人教版选修7

Unit 1　Living well Step 1　课前准备——单元考点　自查自测 ‎1.词汇分层级识记过关　2.语境活用填写过关　3.经典句式背诵仿写过关　4.类词巧积累事半功倍 ‎(一)分门别类攻单词——识形辨意·拓展应用 ‎(二)写用结合记短语——译写短语·语境活用 20‎ ‎(三)仿写活用练句式——经典句型·仿写背诵 Step 2　课堂探究——核心考点　点点突破 ‎1.重点难点考点学通练透　2.归纳总结拓展开阔视野　3.方法规律技巧权威点拨　4.面面俱到打创高效课堂 一时段　Warming up & Reading ‎1．adapt vt.使适应；改编 ‎[教材原句]　Unfortunately, the doctors don't know how to make me better, but I am very outgoing and have learned to adapt to my disability.‎ 20‎ 不幸的是，大夫们不知道如何治好我的病，但是我很开朗乐观，学会了适应身体的残疾。‎ ‎(1)adapt to 适应；适合 adapt onself to 使自己适应……‎ adapt... to do... 调整……以适应……‎ ‎(2)adapt... from 根据……改编……‎ adapt... for 把……改写/改编成……‎ ‎(3)adaptation n. 适应；改编；改写本 单句语法填空 ‎①All in all, I hope you can adapt ________(you) to the new environment and we can become good friends.‎ ‎②________(adapt) from J．K. Rowling's book series of the same title, the HarryPotter movies are universally acknowledged as classics.‎ ‎③The famous expert adapted his speech ________(suit) the interests of his audience.‎ ‎④Mike, Mary and I had a discussion about the ________(adapt) of the classic literature yesterday.‎ ‎[答案]　①yourself　②Adapted　③to suit ‎④adaptation ‎2．absence n．缺席；不在某处 ‎[教材原句]　Every time I returned after an absence, I felt stupid because I was behind the others.‎ 每次缺课之后，我就觉得自己很笨，因为我比别人落后了。‎ ‎(1)absence from 缺席；不在 absence of mind 心不在焉 in one's absence 某人不在时 in the absence of 不在；缺少 ‎(2)absent adj. 不在的；缺席的 be absent from 不参加；缺席 单句语法填空 ‎①________(absent) of rain caused a large number of plants to die.‎ ‎②In ________ absence of any evidence, the police had to let the thief go.‎ ‎③He was absent ________ the meeting because of his sudden heart disease.‎ ‎④We are concerned about your child's frequent ________(absent) from class.‎ ‎⑤Due to the absence ________ many students, we have to put off the meeting.‎ 20‎ ‎[答案]　①Absence　②the　③from　④absences　⑤of ‎3．annoy vt.使……不悦；惹恼 ‎[经典例句]　What annoyed him most was that he had received no apology.‎ 最令他生气的是没有人向他道歉。‎ ‎(1)annoyed adj. 恼火的；颇为生气的 be annoyed with sb. 生某人的气 be annoyed at/about sth. 因某事生气 ‎(2)annoying adj. 恼人的；烦人的 ‎(3)annoyance n. 恼怒；生气 to one's annoyance 使某人生气的是 单句语法填空 ‎①He ________(annoy) at being interrupted while he was talking with an old friend whom he had not seen for a long time.‎ ‎②Although ________(annoy), TV advertising seems to be effective.‎ ‎③There is nothing ________(annoy) than queueing when you only want to pay in a few cheques.‎ ‎④She tapped her forehead and looked ________(annoy) with herself.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑤________________， he found they hadn't waited for him.‎ 使他大为恼火的是，他发现他们没有等他。‎ ‎[答案]　①was annoyed　②annoying　③more annoying ‎④annoyed　⑤Much to his annoyance ‎4．in other words 换句话说 ‎[教材原句]　In other words, there are not many people in the world like me.‎ 换句话说，世界上像我这样的人并不多见。‎ in a/one word 总之；简言之 in word 在言语上；在口头上 keep one's word 遵守诺言 break one's word 失信；不守诺言 eat one's word 食言；收回说的话 have a word with... 与……谈一谈 have words with... 与……拌嘴/吵架 beyond words 无法用言语表达 20‎ word comes/came that... 有消息说……‎ 用上述短语的正确形式填空 ‎①He told me that he ________________ the manager and lost his position.‎ ‎②How can we improve medical care to benefit people?‎ ‎________________， how can we create a healthcare system that helps people?‎ ‎③Jack is good, kind, hardworking and intelligent.‎ ‎________________， I can't speak too highly of him.‎ ‎④Mary ________________ and returned all the money.‎ ‎⑤Being the office supervisor, I had to ________________ the new employee who never arrived at work on time.‎ ‎[答案]　①had words with　②In other words　③In a word　④kept her word　⑤have a word with ‎5．out of breath上气不接下气 ‎[教材原句]　So sometimes some children in my primary school would laugh, when I got out of breath after running a short way or had to stop and rest halfway up the stairs.‎ 当我跑了很短的一段路之后，我就会喘不过气来，或者爬楼梯才爬到一半就得停下来休息。因此，上小学时有的孩子见了我这种情况就会笑话我。‎ ‎(1)hold one's breath 屏住呼吸 catch one's breath 喘息；屏住呼吸 lose one's breath 喘不过气来 take a deep breath 深呼吸 ‎(2)out of reach 够不着 out of control 失控 out of fashion 不再流行；过时 out of order 次序颠倒；发生故障 out of question 没问题；毫无疑问 out of the question 不可能的；办不到的 用out of相关短语的适当形式填空 ‎①I was late for the meeting so I started running, and when I got there I was totally ________________.‎ ‎②Some popular songs go ________________ soon.‎ ‎③You can chase a dream that seems __________________.‎ ‎④Without the participation of ten thousand workers, completing such a big ‎ 20‎ project in so short a period would be ________________.‎ ‎[答案]　①out of breath　②out of fashion　③out of reach　④out of the question ‎6．现在分词作伴随状语 ‎[教材原句]　I have a very busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself.‎ 我的生活很充实，没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。‎ ‎(1)feeling sorry for myself为现在分词短语作伴随状语。现在分词短语作伴随状语，表示伴随情况，所表示的动作与谓语动词同时发生，且与句子的主语即逻辑主语是主动关系。‎ ‎①Do you wake up every morning ____________ and ready to start a new day?‎ 你每天早晨醒来都感到精力充沛并准备好开始新的一天吗？‎ ‎(2)现在分词作状语除了表示伴随以外，还可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果和方式等。‎ ‎②All of a sudden, he stood directly, ________ his ideas to the people present at the meeting.‎ 他突然直接站起来向出席会议的人陈述自己的观点。‎ ‎③He went out ________ the door behind him.‎ 他出去后随手把门关上。‎ ‎[答案]　①feeling energetic　②representing　③shutting ‎　　Marty is a 1.____________(able) but fairly positive person who never feels 2.____________(annoy) for himself. In other 3.____________(word), he has learned to adapt to his disability. Marty always tries hard to live a good life. He is realistic 4.____________ his disability but he never stops doing as much 5.____________ he can. He keeps himself busy doing things like 6.____________(write) and computer programming that do not require 7.____________(physics) strength. He has friends with whom he has access to going to movies and football matches and he has lots of pets. He also studies hard and never has 8.____________(absent) from school. He is a 9.____________(mental) strong independent boy. All 10.____________ all, he is able to live as rich and full a life as everyone else.‎ ‎[答案]　1.disabled　2.annoyed　3.words　4.about　5.as　6.writing　7.physical　8.absence　9.mentally　10.in 第二时段　Learning about Language & Using Language 20‎ ‎1．resign v．辞职；辞去(工作，职务等)‎ ‎[教材原句]　Wilberforce then resigned from government in 1825 and died in 1833，...‎ 然后威伯福斯在1825年从政府辞职，在1833年去世，……‎ resign from 从……辞职 resign as 辞去……职务 resign oneself to... 听任；顺从 单句语法填空 ‎①He has just resigned ________ the committee.‎ ‎②He resigned ________ manager after seven years.‎ ‎[答案]　①from　②as ‎2．congratulate vt.祝贺；庆贺 ‎[经典例句]　I congratulated them all on their results.‎ 我为他们取得的成就向他们所有人表示祝贺。‎ ‎(1)congratulate... on... 就……向……祝贺 congratulate... for... 因……而祝贺……‎ ‎(2)congratulation n. 祝贺；恭喜(常用复数)‎ congratulations (to sb.) on sth.‎ 祝贺(某人)某事 单句语法填空 ‎①I think it's necessary for us to congratulate the Chinese national women's volleyball team ________ what they did in the Asian Championship.‎ ‎②—I got that job I wanted at the public library.‎ ‎—________________(congratulate)! That's good news.‎ ‎③I would like to express my congratulations to you ________ your receiving the first prize of the speech contest.‎ ‎[答案]　①on/for　②Congratulations　③on ‎3．access n．(接近的)方法；通路；可接近性 ‎[教材原句]　I am sure many people will praise your cinema if you design it with good access for disabled people.‎ 如果您设计的电影院能够为残疾人提供方便，那么，我相信许多人都会夸奖您的电影院。‎ ‎(1)have/get/gain access to　　有……的机会；可以 进入/接近 have/get/gain no access to 没有……的机会；无法 20‎ 获取/进入/接近 ‎(2)accessible adj. 可接近的；可进入的；‎ 可使用的 be accessible to... 可以接近/靠近……‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The only access ________ that building is along the track.‎ ‎②The Internet is the biggest source of information in the world, and it's ________(access) through a computer.‎ 一句多译 当你离开家时，要确保药物没有放在容易被孩子们拿到的地方。‎ ‎③Make sure that medicine should not be kept ____________ when you leave home.‎ ‎④Make sure that medicine should not be kept _________ when you leave home.‎ ‎[答案]　①to　②accessible　③where it is easily accessible to children　④where children have easy access to it ‎[方法规律]　access侧重进入的手段和途径，其含义为抽象的，一般用作不可数名词，常与介词to连用，且access和accessible短语中的to是介词。‎ ‎4．never mind 不必担心；没关系；不要紧 ‎[教材原句]　Never mind. Nobody is said to have finished till there's no more left to buy!‎ 别着急。直到没有东西要买了，你才可以说完成了！‎ call/bring to mind 使被想起，想起 make up one's mind(to do sth.) 下决心(做某事)‎ lose one's mind 发疯；脑子不正常 have... in mind 有……想法；想到 change one's mind 改变主意 完成句子 ‎①____________， next time I am sure you can do better.‎ 不要紧，我相信下一次你一定能做得更好。‎ ‎②I ____________ I would find out what was good in my present situation.‎ 我决定要在目前的状况中找到好的东西。‎ ‎③He ____________ after a phone call at the last minute.‎ 他打完电话的最后一刻改变了主意。‎ ‎[答案]　①Never mind　②made up my mind　③changed his mind 20‎ ‎　　Writing to Ms. Sanders, Alice asks her to consider the matter of easy use of the cinema by disability customers. She is the person who is to design the new Bankstown cinema. She asks her to consider the access at the cinema for people in wheelchairs and those who have difficulty walk. She suggests there are earphones besides all seats. What's more, the seats at back of the cinema should be placed high than the ones at the front. There should be toilets and car parking spaces special for the disabled because it is too inconvenient for them to adapt the facilities. If so, it will be more easier for the disabled there.‎ ‎[答案]　‎ Writing to Ms. Sanders, Alice asks her to consider the matter of easy use of the cinema by customers. She is the person who is to design the new Bankstown cinema. She asks her to consider the access the cinema for people in wheelchairs and those who have difficulty . She suggests there earphones all seats. What's more, the seats at back of the cinema should be placed than the ones at the front. There should be toilets and car parking spaces for the disabled because it is too inconvenient for them to adapt the facilities. If so, it will be easier for the disabled there.‎ Step 3　课后演练——知识能力　链接高考 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)The government ________(encouragement) farmers to grow corn instead of rice.‎ ‎[答案]　encourages ‎2．I soon found that the work I was doing had already been finished by someone, ________ other words, I was wasting my time.‎ ‎[答案]　in ‎3．In spite of the advanced medical technology, many Americans have no access ________ health care.‎ ‎[答案]　to 20‎ ‎4．I can't help ____________(congratulate) myself on passing the examination.‎ ‎[答案]　congratulating ‎5．People with ____________(disable) are now doing many things to enrich their lives.‎ ‎[答案]　disabilities ‎6．The legal aid system should be ____________(access) to more people.‎ ‎[答案]　accessible ‎7．Have you felt ____________(annoy) when a cellphone rings during the class?‎ ‎[答案]　annoyed ‎8．What you have acted shows the position is not __________(suit) for someone like you.‎ ‎[答案]　suitable ‎9．Apparently, I had difficulty ____________(adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight.‎ ‎[答案]　adapting ‎10．I feel I can't give my ____________(approve) to such an arrangement.‎ ‎[答案]　approval Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．It would be benefit to follow your teacher's advice.____________‎ ‎[答案]　benefit→beneficial ‎2．I was out of the breath after running 1,600 metres.____________‎ ‎[答案]　去掉the ‎3．You don't want to be made fun and neither do others.____________‎ ‎[答案]　在fun后加of ‎4．As we all know, the disabled is also important members of our society.____________‎ ‎[答案]　is→are ‎5．Just as I stepped into the shower the phone rang.It was so annoyed.______________‎ ‎[答案]　annoyed→annoying ‎6．From the flats we have an easy access to shops and schools.______________‎ ‎[答案]　去掉an ‎7．We offer our congratulation to you on your passing the College Entrance Examination.______________‎ 20‎ ‎[答案]　congratulation→congratulations ‎8．Having settled in that remote area，the young man quickly adapted the weather.______________‎ ‎[答案]　在adapted后加to ‎9．Your performance in the exam did not reach the required standard; in the other words, you failed.____________‎ ‎[答案]　去掉第三个the ‎10．Sit around the fire with friends beside me created a feeling of warmth deep in my heart.____________‎ ‎[答案]　Sit→Sitting Ⅲ.根据提示词及相关要求完成句子 ‎1．当她的房子着火的时候这位老妇人不知道做什么。(疑问词＋to do)‎ The old lady didn't know ____________ when the house caught fire.‎ ‎[答案]　what to do ‎2．我们认为我们学好一门外语是很重要的。(不定式作真正的宾语)‎ We think it quite important ____________________.‎ ‎[答案]　for us to learn a foreign language well ‎3．他太小了，分不清是非。(too... to)‎ He is ________________ right from wrong.‎ ‎[答案]　too young to tell ‎4．你什么时候方便开始工作呢？(convenient)‎ When ____________________________ for you to start work?‎ ‎[答案]　would (will) it be convenient ‎5．全国到处都在唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受欢迎的歌曲。(现在分词作状语)‎ The song is sung all over the country, ___________________.‎ ‎[答案]　making it the most popular song ‎6．老师和学生们都爱听英语歌曲。(as well as)‎ The teacher ________________________ listening to English songs.‎ ‎[答案]　as well as the students enjoys 高考题型分组训练 阅读理解板块训练——重细节，练速度 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 20‎ ‎(2018·山西大同一中月考)‎ Book: No Looking Back Author: Shivani Gupta Shivani had thrown a party one evening and awoke the next morning in hospital because of a car crash. It took Shivani years of pain，struggle and determination to regain control of her life and her body. Then tragedy struck again. As the newly－married Shivani drove to Manali with her family，a truck crashed into her car. Shivani refused to give in—she wouldn't let her injury keep her from achieving her ambitions.‎ Book: Courage Beyond Compare Author: Sanjay Sharma The 10 sportspersons in the book are champions in diverse fields like athletics, swimming and badminton, who have brought glory to the country. They overcame their physical limitations to reach the top of their chosen fields.‎ Book: Face to Face Author: Ved Mehta Blind since the age of four，the author led a lonely childhood in India until he was accepted to the Arkansas School for the Blind，to which he flew alone at 15. America and the school changed his life，leading him to degrees at Oxford and Harvard and a fruitful writing career.‎ Book: This Star Won't Go Out Author: Lori and Wayne Earl Diagnosed with cancer at 12, Esther Earl was a bright and talented, but very normal teenager. She lived a hope－filled and generous life. A cheerful, positive and encouraging daughter, sister and friend, Esther died in 2010，shortly after turning 16, but not before inspiring thousands through her growing online presence.‎ 语篇解读：文章介绍了四本励志人心的书。‎ ‎1．The book NoLookingBack mainly talks about ________.‎ A．a successful author who was blind during his childhood B．10 disabled athletes who are champions in sports field C．an unlucky girl who experienced two car accidents D．an inspiring teenager who died of cancer ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第一部分“Shivani had thrown a party one evening and awoke the next morning in hospital because of a car crash.”和“As the ‎ 20‎ newlymarried Shivani drove to Manali with her family, a truck crashed into her car.”可知，NoLookingBack这本书讲述的是一个不幸的女孩遭遇了两次车祸的故事，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎2．In which book does the author tell of himself?‎ A．CourageBeyondCompare.‎ B．ThisStarWon'tGoOut.‎ C．FacetoFace.‎ D．NoLookingBack.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第三部分中的“Blind since the age of four, the author led a lonely childhood in India...”可知，FacetoFace这本书中作者讲述了自己孤独的童年故事，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎3．Which word can best describe the characters of all the four books?‎ A．Intelligent. B．Passionate.‎ C．Pessimistic. D．Inspiring.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。文中提到的四本书，书中描写了遭遇不幸或身有残疾的人意志坚强并且与命运拼搏抗争的故事，都是积极向上鼓舞人心的，故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D B My cellphone rang while I was working on my computer. I looked at the phone and saw it was my 17yearold son, Tom. I quickly picked it up. “Mom, I got a 71 on the test. I did it.” With those few words, I could feel my heart start to pound.‎ Living in New YorkState, students cannot graduate from high school unless they pass at least five exams: one in English, one in science, two in history and one in math. For most students, who work hard, attend class, and do their homework, it isn't that hard. But for Tom, who is dyslexic(朗读困难的), it is such a real challenge that some teachers have feared he would never be able to even attempt, never mind achieve.‎ We were honest with him about his trouble, letting him know that there was nothing to be ashamed of. Some people learn differently. If he was willing to work, we would help him find a way to do as much as he could in his academic career. All that was standing in his way was this math test. He had taken it three times and did better each time, but he continued to fail. He was starting to get a bit tired of me saying this was a marathon not a sprint (冲刺). My heart broke each time we would get the ‎ 20‎ failing results.‎ ‎“Mom, thanks. I love you. Thanks for believing I could do this.”‎ For one of the few times in my life, I really had nothing left to say. For that one brief moment I knew, really, really, knew that everything we did to help our son achieve what he wanted was worth it.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者的儿子Tom患有朗读困难症，所以学习不好，而纽约的高中要求学生通过五门考试才能毕业，作为母亲，作者想尽一切办法使Tom相信他自己可以做到。经过努力Tom终于通过了考试。‎ ‎4．What does the underlined word “pound” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A．Sink suddenly. B．Beat wildly.‎ C．Ache violently. D．Break totally.‎ ‎[解析]　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Mom, I got a 71 on the test. I did it.”并结合下文内容可推断，作者的儿子有朗读困难症，数学考了三次都没及格，这次他考了71分，通过了考试，故作者应该会感到非常激动，心怦怦直跳。故pound应意为“(心脏)剧烈地跳动”，即beat wildly。故答案选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎5．According to the text, Tom was weak in ________.‎ A．English B．science C．history D．math ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“All that was standing in his way was this math test. He had taken it three times and did better each time, but he continued to fail.”可知，Tom不擅长数学，考了三次都没有及格。故答案选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D ‎6．How did the writer feel when she wrote this text?‎ A．She felt proud and satisfied.‎ B．She felt surprised and bitter.‎ C．She felt grateful and relaxed.‎ D．She felt worried and anxious.‎ ‎[解析]　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“For that one brief moment I knew, really, really, knew that everything we did to help our son achieve what he wanted was worth it.”可推断，作者对儿子最后通过考试很满意，也为儿子感到骄傲。故答案选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎7．What can be the best title for the text?‎ 20‎ A．A Mother's Love That Made the Grade B．A Student Who Struggled for a Diploma C．Failure Is the Mother of Success D．Life Is Not a Sprint but a Marathon ‎[解析]　标题归纳题。纵观全文可知，作者的儿子Tom患有朗读困难症，所以学习不好，而纽约的高中要求学生通过五门考试才能毕业，作为母亲，作者想尽一切办法使Tom相信他自己可以做到。经过努力Tom终于考了71分通过了考试。由此可推断，是母亲的爱使Tom获得了成功。A项符合文章主旨，适合做标题。故答案选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A C Recently, I had lunch with a young Chinese student who studies at a college in New York. He is very bright and aspiring and I enjoyed our conversation. Still I felt frustrated and useless afterwards because I was not able to provide him with any good news. Graduating at the end of this year，he asked me how he could find a job in this country and fulfill his career dreams.‎ In recent years，students who found a job here after graduation have had to go through a cruel lottery system to obtain their HIB working visa. And the success rates have been declining year after year because of the ever growing number of applicants. Last year, there were 233,000 applicants, and only 30 percent of them were lucky, less than half of the rate in 2013.‎ And it can only become worse. US President Donald Trump's immigration policies in this country are tightening up and this trend will continue for at least the next few years. In this case, foreign students studying social sciences, a field in which starting salaries are rarely above the required amount, can kiss their visa hopes goodbye.‎ Compared to the older generation of Chinese students，today's young people no longer consider the US as the only option. Many start to think China offers better opportunities in the longer term.‎ This is not to say that Chinese students in the US are not interested in job opportunities here any more. A few years of work experience in the US can give them leverage when they finally land back in their home country. But if the job opportunities are largely reduced by the tightening of immigration policy, I expect there will be a decline. And if that happens, it is the American economy that will suffer from the loss of those educated，hardworking and talented immigrants.‎ 20‎ 语篇解读：本文为一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己和一名在纽约求学的中国大学生的交流过程意识到总统特朗普收紧移民政策使得中国学生在美国择业遇到困难，同时也会使美国经济遭受很大损失。‎ ‎8．The author felt frustrated because ________.‎ A．he was not interested in the talk B．he didn't fulfill his career dreams C．he couldn't provide helpful advice D．he thought the student was useless ‎[解析]　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，作者之所以感到沮丧是因为他不能给那个中国大学生提供有益的建议，故答案为C项。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎9．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?‎ A．The lottery system for HIB working visa is too tough.‎ B．Chinese students have no choice but to return to China.‎ C．President Trump is tightening up the immigration policies.‎ D．More and more students are applying for the working visa.‎ ‎[解析]　细节理解题。第二段与A项相对应，故排除A项；第三段第一、二句与C项相对应，故排除C项；第二段中的“the ever growing number of applicants”与D项相对应，故排除D项；只有B项(中国学生别无选择只得回中国)在文中未被提及，故为答案。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎10．What does the word “leverage” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?‎ A．Advantage. B．Language.‎ C．Ability. D．Education.‎ ‎[解析]　词义猜测题。根据第五段第一句(这并不是说在美国的中国学生对这里的工作机会不再感兴趣)可知leverage的意思是“优势”，故答案为A项。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎11．What is the author's attitude to the tightening of immigration policy?‎ A．Doubtful. B．Supportive.‎ C．Indifferent. D．Worried.‎ ‎[解析]　观点态度题。根据最后一段最后一句可推知作者对收紧的移民政策感到担心，故答案为D项。doubtful“怀疑的”；supportive“支持的”；indifferent“漠不关心的”。‎ ‎[答案]　D D ‎(2018·河南南阳期中)Eating spicy foods frequently may be tied to a slightly ‎ 20‎ lower risk of an earlier death，according to a new study. However，more research is needed to confirm the link, experts say.‎ The researchers found that the people in the study who ate spicy foods one or two days a week were 10 percent less likely to die during the study, compared with those who ate spicy foods less than once a week, according to the study published in the journal TheBMJ. Moreover, the people in the study who ate spicy foods three or more days a week were 14 percent less likely to die during the study, compared with those who ate spicy foods less than once a week.‎ However，the study was observational，and so it is too early to tell whether there is a certain relationship between eating spicy foods and lower mortality,_said study author Lu Qi，an associate professor at Harvard School of Public Health in Boston, Massachusetts. “We definitely need more data from other populations，” Qi told Live Science. “The researchers don't know why exactly the consumption of spicy foods may be linked to the drop of early death，but previous research on cells and animals has suggested several possible connections，” Qi said.‎ ‎“It is unclear whether the observed associations are the direct result of spicy foods intake, or whether spicy foods are simply a marker for other beneficial but unmeasured dietary components(成分)，” said Nita Forouhi, a nutritional expert. At this point, researchers don't know for sure whether eating spicy foods can have a beneficial effect on human health and mortality, Forouhi wrote. “Future research is needed to make sure whether spicy food consumption has the potential to improve health and reduce mortality directly，or if it is merely a marker of other dietary and lifestyle factors，” she said.‎ 语篇解读：这是一篇科普类说明文。主要讲了新的研究发现经常吃辛辣食品可能有助于降低死亡率。‎ ‎12．Which section of a newspaper is the article probably taken from?‎ A．Advertisement. B．Business.‎ C．Science. D．Education.‎ ‎[解析]　文章出处题。这篇文章主要讲了新的研究发现经常吃辛辣食品可能有助于降低死亡率，所以这篇文章最可能出现在报纸的科学板块。故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎13．What does the underlined word “mortality” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A．Death rate. B．Living cost.‎ C．Physical suffering. D．Energy requirement.‎ 20‎ ‎[解析]　词义猜测题。由第二段研究结果可知，经常吃辛辣食品的人比不经常吃的人死亡的可能性要小。也就是说研究的是吃辛辣食品和死亡率的关系。由此可猜测出“mortality”的意思是“死亡率”。故选A。‎ ‎[答案]　A ‎14．What does the passage mainly tell us?‎ A．Link between food and health.‎ B．Association between a certain food and health.‎ C．Connection between habits and health.‎ D．Relation between food and health.‎ ‎[解析]　主旨大意题。这篇文章主要讲了新的研究发现经常吃辛辣食品可能有助于降低死亡率，也就是讲了特定食物和健康之间的关系。故选B。‎ ‎[答案]　B ‎15．What's the writer's attitude towards eating spicy foods frequently?‎ A．Negative. B．Positive.‎ C．Doubtful. D．Objective.‎ ‎[解析]　观点态度题。作者只是客观地描述了研究结果和科学家的观点，并没有表明自己的想法。故选D。‎ ‎[答案]　D Ⅱ.七选五阅读填空 ‎(2018·甘肃兰州一中月考)Many of us deal with the rush every morning in preparation for work or school，but it doesn't have to be this way.With a little time management，these steps can help you cut down on your morning stress.‎ Create an evening preparation routine.‎ ‎__1__ These simple tasks will take you less than 30 minutes to complete each evening and will save you a huge headache every morning.‎ Get a good night's sleep.‎ Make sure you start winding down for bed at a reasonable hour to allow enough time for a healthy night's sleep.__2__ If needed，set a bedtime reminder alarm on your alarm clock.Always keep the temperature in your bedroom comfortably cool.‎ ‎__3__‎ An extra 30 minutes in the morning will make a difference.As long as you go to bed on time，waking up 30 minutes earlier should seem natural after just a few days.Use this time to think，shower and eat breakfast.‎ Plan a realistic day.‎ 20‎ Writing things down means you don't have to worry about forgetting to do them.__4__ Write down anything that cannot be put off to the following day.‎ ‎__5__‎ Getting up to face a new day is far more satisfying when you have something to look forward to.Make sure you manage your time better so that you have time to do something you love on a daily basis.‎ A．Morning stress is very common.‎ B．Schedule something you love daily.‎ C．Never fill your mind with unnecessary worries.‎ D．Make a summary of what you did in the daytime.‎ E．Wake up 30 minutes earlier.‎ F．Iron your clothes，locate your keys，plan a nutritious breakfast，etc.‎ G．Most people require seven to eight hours' sleep each night.‎ 语篇解读：每天早上，我们都匆忙赶去上班或上学，但合理安排时间可以缓解早晨的压力。‎ ‎1．[解析]　根据空后的“These simple tasks will take you less than 30 minutes”可知，这些小事情花费你不到30分钟的时间，那么空处应提到生活中的一些小事，故选F，意思是“熨衣服，找钥匙，计划一份营养早餐等”。‎ ‎[答案]　F ‎2．[解析]　根据此段的标题“Get a good night's sleep”可知，晚上要休息好，那么下文就会探讨每晚睡多长时间是合适的，故选G，意思是“大多数人每晚需要7到8个小时的睡眠”。‎ ‎[答案]　G ‎3．[解析]　根据此段中的“An extra 30 minutes in the morning will make a difference”可知，早上额外的30分钟会产生一定的影响，那么此段谈论的应该是早上要早起，故选E，意思是“早上早起30分钟”。‎ ‎[答案]　E ‎4．[解析]　根据空前的“Writing things down means you don't have to worry about forgetting to do them”可知，写下这些事情意味着你不必担心会忘了做它们，那么文章接下来应该说不要把一些不必要的担心装在大脑中，故选C。‎ ‎[答案]　C ‎5．[解析]　根据此段中的“Make sure you manage your time better so that you have time to do something you love on a daily basis”可知，管理好你的时间以便你每天都有时间去做一些自己喜欢的事情，故选B，意思是“每天安排点儿你喜欢做的事”。‎ 20‎ ‎[答案]　B 20‎