广东省珠海市2020届高三三模考试英语试题 Word版含解析

广东省珠海市2020届高三三模考试英语试题 Word版含解析

- 1 - 珠海市 2019-2020 学年度第二学期学生学业质量监测 高三英语 本试卷共 8 页，卷面满分 120 分，考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填 写在答题卡上。 2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上相对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如 需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案，答案不能答在试卷上。 3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相 应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。 不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，答题卡交回。 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分 40 分) 第一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Paris is a museum city. There are hundreds of them, big and small. But, most importantly, they are excellent, some of the best on the planet. From the Louvre to the Musée d’Orsay to the Centre Pompidou, you could spend a lifetime wandering the halls of the city’s great museums. Here are some of the best museums in Paris. The Louvre The world’s ultimate museum is also the biggest one and the most visited. The 35,000 art objects on display are all overshadowed by one single painting—Mona Lisa, in the Renaissance era. Jeu de Paume Set in the Tuileries Gardens next to the Louvre, Jeu de Paume’s past lives were of a tennis court and then a museum which housed Impressionist art. Today it is Paris’s main photography and video museum. It also occasionally shows art-house films. Musée d’Orsay Housed in a former railway station on the Left Bank of the Seine, the museum opened - 2 - in 1986 and today houses the planet’s largest collection of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artworks. If you like 19th-century natural landscapes with rural lives and tastes, this is the place to take it all in. Musée du Quai Branly As Paris’s main home to non-European art, objects, and culture, this Jean Nouvel-designed museum exhibits a collection of 3,500 pieces, many of which were taken from various countries during the vast period of French Colonialism. There are objects from Quebec and Louisiana from the time when the regions were under French control. There are also Indian sculptures, masks from West Africa and other aesthetic delights. 1. Which is the best and most admired exhibit in the Louvre? A. Mona Lisa. B. Renaissance. C. Lady Era. D. Unknown. 2. Which museum houses Impressionist art nowadays? A. Jeu de Paume. B. The Louvre. C. Musée d’Orsay. D. Musée du Quai Branly. 3. Musée du Quai Branly is different from the other three in that _________. A. it houses non-European objects B. it used to be a tennis court C. it shows the 19th-century rural scenery D. it is Paris’s largest museum 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。巴黎是个博物馆之都。大大小小的博物馆有上百家。但最重要的是，它们 都很出色，是这个星球上最好的一些博物馆。文章主要介绍了四个巴黎最好的博物馆。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中 The 35,000 art objects on display are all overshadowed by one single painting—Mona Lisa, in the Renaissance era.可知展出的 35000 件艺术品的 光芒都被一幅文艺复兴时期的画作《蒙娜丽莎》所掩盖。由此可知，卢浮宫里最好、最受赞 赏的展览是《蒙娜丽莎》。故选 A。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 Housed in a former railway station on the Left Bank of the Seine, the museum opened in 1986 and today houses the planet’s largest collection - 3 - of Impressionist and Post-Impressionist artworks.可知该博物馆位于塞纳河左岸的一个 前火车站，于 1986 年开放，如今收藏着世界上最大的印象派和后印象派艺术作品。由此可知， 如今，Musée d’Orsay 博物馆收藏印象派作品。故选 C。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段 As Paris’s main home to non-European art, objects, and culture, this Jean Nouvel-designed museum exhibits a collection of 3,500 pieces, many of which were taken from various countries during the vast period of French Colonialism. There are objects from Quebec and Louisiana from the time when the regions were under French control. There are also Indian sculptures, masks from West Africa and other aesthetic delights.可知作为巴黎主要的非欧洲艺术、物品和文化的发源地，这个由 Jean Nouvel 设计的博物馆展出了 3500 件藏品，其中很多是在法国殖民时期从不同国家掠走的。还 有一些来自魁北克和路易斯安那的物品，它们是在法国控制下的。还有印度雕塑，西非的面 具和其他的审美乐趣。由此可知，Musée du Quai Branly 不同于其他三个博物馆之处在于它 陈列着非欧洲物品。故选 A。 B Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan province, has an ancient competition with Chongqing, a city to its south-east. Residents of Chongqing accused their Chengdu cousins of being pompous (自大的). The people of Chongqing were hotheads, Chengdu residents shot back. Both cities share a love of spice-laden Sichuan cuisine, which in recent decades has occupied Chinese dinner tables. But they are at war over which has the best Sichuan hotpot—a type of DIY-cooking that involves boiling vegetables and slices of meat with chillies and numbing peppercorns. A private museum in Chongqing, opened several years ago, makes the case for the Chongqing-style hotpot. It describes how it developed from a method used to make cheap offcuts of meat taste delicious. But Chengdu is playing catch-up. In January the city sold a plot of land on condition that the developer build a hotpot museum on part of it. The two cities are among many in China with their own styles of hotpot. Hotpot restaurants in China are more profitable than other kinds. Haidilao, a well-known Sichuan-based hotpot chain, raised nearly $1bn when it was listed on the Hong Kong - 4 - Stock Exchange (股票交易所) in September. Not all Chinese warm to hotpot. Some older Sichuanese refuse to be connected with it. They complain that it is causing overuse of chilli in other dishes that cover up the original genuine flavours. But Chengdu’s plans for a museum suggest that Sichuan hotpot is not only growing in popularity, but is also becoming symbolic. If it can set the West on fire, officials may hope it will become a delicious new source of Chinese soft power. There will be plenty of glory for both Chengdu and Chongqing to take pride in if that happens. 4. Why are Chengdu and Chongqing competing with each other? A. Because Chengdu people think Chongqing people are pompous. B. Because Chengdu residents like to shoot back in battles. C. Because they both think they are better at eating spicy food. D. Because they both believe they have the best Sichuan hotpot. 5. What is the purpose of building a hotpot museum in Chengdu? A. To compete with Chongqing. B. To advertise Sichuan cuisine. C. To show their love for hotpot. D. To keep the hotpot tradition. 6. What can we infer about hotpot from the last paragraph? A. The two cities have competed only in recent decades. B. More hotpot museums will be built in the future. C. Hotpot is already a source of Chinese soft power. D. People hold a high expectation for hotpot culture. 7. Which can be a suitable title for the text? A. Growing Popularity of Hotpot in Two Cities B. Two Cities’ War Over Tastiest Sichuan Hotpot C. “No Hotpot, No Happiness” True in Food Business D. Private Museum in Chongqing Opened First 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。文章首段提到，两城就谁做的火锅最好的争论引出论题，随后结合事实： 两城先后建立博物馆，相互竞争，最终归结到一点：火锅在国际上的受欢迎程度将会给两城 - 5 - 人民带来荣耀，这是政府和人民的期望。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。结合题干关键词 Chengdu and Chongqing competing with each other 可以定 位到第一段第一句。Chengdu, …, has an ancient competition with Chongqing,根据第一 段最后一句 But they are at war over which has the best Sichuan hotpot—a type of DIY-cooking that involves boiling vegetables and slices of meat with chilies and numbing peppercorns. 但是双方还在为谁的火锅最好而争论不休。可知，他们两个城市争论 的焦点在于“谁的火锅最好”，选项 D 符合题意。故选 D 项。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。结合题干关键词 building a hotpot museum in Chengdu 定位到文章的第二段 最后两句 But Chengdu is playing catch-up. In January the city sold a plot of land on condition that the developer build a hotpot museum on part of it. 但是成都正在迎 头赶上。一月份成都卖了一块地，条件是开发商在里面建一座火锅博物馆。结合本段前两句 A private museum in Chongqing, opened several years ago, makes the case for the Chongqing-style hotpot. It describes how it developed from a method used to make cheap offcuts of meat taste delicious. 几年前重庆开了一家私人博物馆，来证明重庆火锅的特 色。博物馆展示了重庆火锅从便宜的边角肉片尝起来美味的发展过程。以及最后一段第一句： But Chengdu’s plans for a museum suggest that Sichuan hotpot is not only growing in popularity, but is also becoming symbolic. 但是成都的博物馆计划表明，四川火锅 不仅越来越受欢迎，而且正变得具有象征意义。比较内容可以得出，重庆开了私人博物馆， 来展示了重庆火锅从便宜的边角肉片尝起来美味的发展过程，证明重庆火锅的特色；成都卖 了一块地，让开发商在里面建一座火锅博物馆，说明四川火锅不仅越来越受欢迎，而且正变 得具有象征意义。此举动同样是两城在争斗上的一个表现。选项 A 符合题意。故选 A 项。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。理解最后一段内容：但是成都的博物馆计划表明，四川火锅不仅越来越受欢迎， 而且正变得具有象征意义。 如果它能点燃西方人们的吃火锅的欲望，官员们可能希望它能成 为中国软实力的一个诱人的新来源。 如果这种情况发生，成都和重庆都会有足够的荣耀值得 骄傲。可以得出结论，火锅在国际上的受欢迎程度将会给两城人民带来荣耀，这是政府和人 民的期望。选项 D 符合题意。故选 D 项。 【7 题详解】 - 6 - 主旨大意题。文章首段提到，两城就谁做的火锅最好的争论引出论题，随后结合事实：两城 先后建立博物馆，相互竞争，最终归结到一点：火锅在国际上的受欢迎程度将会给两城人民 带来荣耀，这是政府和人民的期望。所以，文章的标题应该是：两城之争：谁做出了最好吃 的四川火锅。选项 B 符合题意。故选 B 项。 C Unconfident children can improve their performance in math tests simply by saying nice things to themselves, a study suggests. A total of 212 fourth to sixth graders, aged between 9 to 13 years old, took part in the research. The children completed a math test in two parts. At the end of the first half, researchers asked the first group of kids to talk to themselves about the amount of effort they would put into the second half of the test before carrying on. The children quietly told themselves: ''I will do my very best. '' Another group was told to consider their ability, by repeating the phrase: ''I am very good at this. '' The children were instructed to write down their given phrase, and repeat it to themselves while working on the problems, particularly when they found the work challenging. The rest of the children acted as the control group, and weren't required to say anything. A few days before completing the test, all the kids completed a survey on how they viewed their own and others' abilities. Compared with kids who didn't do what is known as self-talking, those with low self-confidence who spoke about the effort they'd make did better in the second half of the test. The data led the researchers to conclude children who struggle with negative thoughts about their competence could improve their achievements in school by telling themselves they will put effort into a task. However, the team said they did not find the same result among children with low self-confidence who spoke to themselves about ability, for self-talk about effort is the key. Meanwhile, they pointed out the findings may not relate to children of other ages, and more research is needed to explore this. 8. How was the research conducted? A. By telling students to talk about their effort. B. By comparing three groups of students. - 7 - C. By instructing students to repeat phrases. D. By telling students not to say anything. 9. What conclusion did the researchers draw? A. Students may benefit from talking about effort. B. Students should talk about effort in the tests. C. Students can benefit from talking about ability. D. Self-talking helps all students do better in tests. 10. We can infer from the last paragraph that the research team is _________. A. careless B. cautious C. stubborn D. competitive 11. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Education. D. Sports. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。一项针对 9 到 13 岁孩子的调查发现，不自信的孩子可以通过对自己会努力 来提高自己的学习成绩。但该结果只针对这个年段的孩子，其他年龄段或者其他情况下的结 果还有待于研究。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的 At the end of the first half, researchers asked the first group of kids to talk to themselves about the amount of effort they would put into the second half of the test before carrying on… Another group was told to consider their ability, by repeating the phrase: ''I am very good at this. '' …The rest of the children acted as the control group, and weren't required to say anything. (在 前半部分测试结束时，研究人员要求第一组孩子对自己说他们会在后半部分的测试所做出的 努力……另一组被告知通过重复“我非常擅长这个”来考虑他们的能力……剩下的孩子作为 对照组，不需要说任何话)和第三段的 Compared with kids who didn't do what is known as self-talking, those with low self-confidence who spoke about the effort they'd make did better in the second half of the test.(与那些没有自言自语的孩子相比，那些缺乏 自信的孩子在考试的后半部分表现的更好)可知，研究是通过把孩子们分成三组，按照不同的 - 8 - 要 求 进 行 活 动 ， 最 后 对结 果 进 行 对 比 来 进 行 的 。B. By comparing three groups of students.(通过对比三组学生)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的 The data led the researchers to conclude children who struggle with negative thoughts about their competence could improve their achievements in school by telling themselves they will put effort into a task.(研究人员通过数据得 出结论：那些对自己能力有消极想法的孩子，可以通过告诉自己他们会努力完成任务来提高 学习成绩)可知，不自信的孩子可以受益于告诉他们自己会努力。A. Students may benefit from talking about effort.(学生可以从谈论努力中获益)符合以上说法，故选 A 项。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 However, the team said they did not find the same result among children with low self-confidence who spoke to themselves about ability, for self-talk about effort is the key. Meanwhile, they pointed out the findings may not relate to children of other ages, and more research is needed to explore this.可知，该研究 团队说，他们在对自己能力进行自我评价的那些缺乏自信的孩子中没有发现同样的结果，因 为自言自语说努力是关键。同时，他们指出这些发现可能与其他年龄段的孩子无关，并且还 需要更多的研究来探索这个。由此推测，该研究团队对其研究结果非常谨慎。B. cautious(谨 慎的)符合以上说法，故选 B 项。 【11 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第三段的 The data led the researchers to conclude children who struggle with negative thoughts about their competence could improve their achievements in school by telling themselves they will put effort into a task.(研 究人员通过数据得出结论：那些对自己能力有消极想法的孩子，可以通过告诉自己他们会努 力完成任务来提高学习成绩)可知，该研究结果会对不太自信的孩子的学习成绩有帮助。由此 推测，这篇文章很有可能出现在报纸的教育版面。C. Education.(教育)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。 D At some point in elementary school, your science teacher may explained to you that there are 365 days in a year because that's how long it takes for Earth to complete one full journey around the sun. What they might not have explained, however, is that - 9 - it's not exactly 365 days—it’s actually closer to 365. 2421 days. So, if we want our calendar year to begin right when Earth begins a new turn around the sun, we have to account for roughly an extra quarter of a day each year, or one day every four years. History.com reports that the Egyptians had already been doing this for a while before Europe finally caught on in 46 BC, when Roman Emperor Julius Caesar and astronomer Sosigenes put their heads together to come up with what we now call the Julian calendar, which includes 12 months, 365 days, and an additional ''leap day'' every four years on February 29. But rounding 0.2421 up to 0.25 each year created an issue, because it didn't quite add up to a full day every four years—and that tiny difference meant that after 128 years, the calendar year ended up starting a day before Earth had completed its journey around the sun. By the 14th century, the calendar year was starting 10 days before Earth finished its orbit. In 1582, Pope Gregory XIII sought to correct the error by suggesting that we simply skip a leap day every so often. His Gregorian calendar, which we still use today, rules that we skip the leap day during years which can be evenly divided (被整除) by 100 but not by 400. For instance, the year 2000 included a leap day because it can be divided by 100 and 400; the year 2100, on the other hand, will not include a leap day, since it's evenly divided by 100, but not by 400. Gregory XIII’s correction to Caesar's overcorrection is itself a bit of an under-correction, so we'll probably need to reevaluate our leap day design again in about 10,000 years. 12. What do the underlined words ''put their heads together'' in paragraph 2 mean? A. Come across each other. B. Bump their heads together. C. Compete against each other. D. Combine their efforts. 13. According to Gregorian calendar, which year may include a leap day? A. 2100. B. 1600. C. 1800. D. 2020. 14. What can we learn from the passage? - 10 - A. Emperor Julius Caesar was also an astronomer. B. Today's calendar exactly agrees with the sun's turning. C. The 10-day early start in calendar will always exist. D. The Gregorian calendar is not yet the most accurate. 15. What's the purpose of this passage? A. To point out a mistake made by your science teacher. B. To explain how long Earth makes a trip around the sun. C. To explain in detail why the leap day is needed. D. To explain the reason why we need a calendar. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。本文以日历年 365 天和实际地球绕太阳的时间不符的话题为切入点，介绍 了不同时期的一些统治者或者天文学家计算闰日的方法，以及计算方法可能会随着时间的流 逝而改变。目的是为了说明闰日被需要的原因。 【12 题详解】 短语猜测题。根据第二段的 History.com reports that the Egyptians had already been doing this for a while before Europe finally caught on in 46 BC, when Roman Emperor Julius Caesar and astronomer Sosigenes put their heads together to come up with what we now call the Julian calendar,可知，History.com 报道说在欧洲最终在公园前 46 年开始使用闰 日之前，埃及人已经这样好一段时间了，那时罗马的统治者凯撒和天文学家 Sosigenes put their heads together 想出了我们今天所称的公历。根据句意，尤其是 come up with what we now call the Julian calendar 推测划线部分的意思是“共同努力”。D. Combine their efforts.(联合他们的努力)符合以上说法，故选 D 项。 【13 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的 For instance, the year 2000 included a leap day because it can be divided by 100 and 400 (例如，2000 年包含一个闰日，因为它可以被 100 和 400 同 时整除)可知，能够被 100 和 400 同时整除的年份包含一个闰日。选项中的 1600 年可以同时 被它们整除，故该年包含一个闰日。B. 1600.符合以上说法，故选 B 项。 【14 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段的 Gregory XIII’s correction to Caesar's overcorrection is - 11 - itself a bit of an under-correction, so we'll probably need to reevaluate our leap day design again in about 10,000 years.(教皇 8 世格里高对凯撒公历的纠正本身就是一 种有待改正，所以我们可能需要在 10000 年以后重新评估我们的闰日设计)可推测，格里高历 也不是最准确的。D. The Gregorian calendar is not yet the most accurate.(格里高历 也不是最准确的)符合以上说法，故选 D 项。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段的 So, if we want our calendar year to begin right when Earth begins a new turn around the sun, we have to account for roughly an extra quarter of a day each year, or one day every four years. (因此，如果我们 想让我们的日历年恰好从地球绕太阳转一圈的时候开始，我们就会每年多出四分之一天，或 者每四年多出一天)和最后一段的 Gregory XIII's correction to Caesar's overcorrection is itself a bit of an under-correction, so we'll probably need to reevaluate our leap day design again in about 10,000 years.(教皇 8 世格里高对凯撒公历的纠正本身就是一 种有待改正，所以我们可能会需要在 10000 年以后重新评估我们的闰日设计)可知，本文以日 历年 365 天和实际地球绕太阳的时间不符的话题为切入点，介绍了不同时期的一些统治者或 者天文学家计算闰日的方法，以及计算方法可能会随着时间的流逝而改变。由此推测本文的 目的是，详细地解释为什么我们需要闰日。C. To explain in detail why the leap day is needed.(为了详细介绍为什么闰日被需要)符合以上说法，故选 C 项。 第二节 (共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Water skiing Water skiing is an exciting water sport that can be a ton of fun. You will get to have a happy and joyful adventure every time you go out on the water. ____16____ However, once you start, water skiing is a sport you can enjoy whenever you have a boat and enough flat water. ____17____ Every water skier needs water skis—these are different from snow skis and they also differ depending on the size of the skier and the experience level of the skier. ____18____ You will need to find at least two people to go with you on your water skiing adventure. You and everyone you go with will have more fun if the friends you go with also want to water ski. You need a boat, naturally. ____19____ - 12 - For your first time water skiing, you may want to either take a lesson from an expert or find a friend that has experience and is willing to teach you. ____20____ The observer rides in the boat, but watches the water skier for any signals and helps the driver know when to start and stop. A. It’s no hard task to learn. B. It takes a little patience to learn. C. Of course, no one can water ski alone. D. Once prepared, a skier can start the game on his own. E. You will also need a water skiing cable and a life jacket. F. Before you start water skiing, there are a few supplies you’ll need. G. Of your two helpers, you need one to drive the boat and one to observe. 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. C 19. E 20. G 【解析】 本文是说明文，介绍了一项有趣的水上运动——滑水。 【16 题详解】 此题线索是逻辑。选项 B 意思为：需要一点耐心去学习它；空后一句中的 however 表示语义 转折。空后一句说明“一旦你开始，滑水就是只要你有船和足够的平坦的水面就可以享受的 运动”，与选项 B 语义出现转折。故选 B 项。 【17 题详解】 选项 F 意思为：在开始之前滑水，你需要有一些物资。空后提到“每个滑水运动员都需要滑 水板”；“water skis”和选项 F 中的“supplies”分别是下义词和上义词。故选 F 项。 【18 题详解】 选项 C 意思为：当然，没有人能单独去滑水。空后一句提到“你至少需要找到两个人和你一 起进行滑水冒险”，是顺承选项 C 的话题。故选 C 项。 【19 题详解】 此题线索是逻辑。选项 E 意思为：您还需要一个滑水缆绳和救生衣。选项 E 中“当然，你需 要一艘船”中的“You will also need…”与空前一句中“You need…”是递进关系。故选 E 项。 【20 题详解】 此题线索是词汇复现。选项 G 意思为：在你的两个帮手中，你需要一个开船、一个观察。空 - 13 - 后一句中“观察者坐在船上，观察滑水者的任何信号，帮助驾驶员知道何时开始和停止。” 中的“the observer”与选项 G 中“observe”是同根词复现。故选 G 项。 第三部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分 45 分) 第一节 完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 This summer, Roman Espinoza put up what he called a ''blessing box'' filled with food available to any and all who need it on his lawn (草坪). Roman Espinoza, a 46-year-old New Yorker, hoped to ___21___ the problem of hunger in his community. He was ___22___ that there were plenty of poor and homeless people in his neighborhood, and he also knew that they ___23___ needed help. That’s why he decided to construct a ''blessing box'' filled with food on his own lawn. People who are in need of food are always ___24___ to take something from the ''blessing box''. It mostly holds canned food. He found that not everyone who ___25___ food from the ''blessing box'' wanted to be known, so they often ___26___ until it was dark to avoid ___27___. Roman was inspired by a ___28___ action at the local community college, where he saw there was a small box with a number of free food ___29___ inside that was meant for poor students who couldn't ____30____ a snack or a meal. He thought it was such an amazing gesture and decided to try that in front of his own home. Thanks to him, there's a whole community that ____31____ donates food and other necessities. Roman is so grateful that other people are also donating food for the less ____32____, and he feels honored that he ____33____ others to do so. ____34____, people started donating things into Roman's blessing box, but it definitely didn't ____35____ there. In fact, many people had a strong ____36____ to build their own blessing box, so they turned to him for help. And many more wanted to help in their own way. The local Home Depot store, ____37____, decided to sponsor all of the wood needed to build new ____38____. By ____39____ the word and the idea of these amazing food pantries, people can truly make a significant ____40____ for the poor in the entire city. - 14 - 21. A. worsen B. update C. cause D. relieve 22. A. ashamed B. aware C. doubtful D. desperate 23. A. sadly B. hardly C. badly D. rarely 24. A. allowed B. forbidden C. requested D. accompanied 25. A. purchased B. stole C. swallowed D. took 26. A. waited B. hid C. thought D. struggled 27. A. enjoyment B. pride C. embarrassment D. preference 28. A. terrible B. similar C. natural D. illegal 29. A. items B. chains C. shops D. projects 30. A. resist B. enjoy C. miss D. afford 31. A. carefully B. regularly C. passively D. suddenly 32. A. intelligent B. dependent C. innocent D. fortunate 33. A. inspired B. invited C. convinced D. challenged 34. A. At times B. At once C. At first D. At last 35. A. fail B. stop C. start D. move 36. A. ability B. curiosity C. dislike D. desire 37. A. however B. or rather C. for example D. instead 38. A. boxes B. communities C. stores D. homes 39. A. ignoring B. remembering C. spreading D. breaking 40. A. promise B. difference C. judgment D. comment 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. C 40. B 【解析】 - 15 - 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个名叫 Roman Espinoza 的纽约人通过在自家草坪设立 “祝福箱”为穷人和无家可归的人提供给免费的食物。社区其他人在他的启发下也纷纷开始 给那些不幸运的人捐赠食物，甚至也设立自己的“祝福箱”。通过传递这样的行为，他们可 以为社区的穷人和无家可归者带来很大影响。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Roman Espinoza，一个 46 岁的纽约人，希望缓解他所在社区的饥 饿问题。A. worsen 使……加剧；B. update 更新；C. cause 引起，造成；D. relieve 缓解。 根据下文的 That's why he decided to construct a ''blessing box'' filled with food on his own lawn.可推测，Roman Espinoza 想用在草坪给需要的人提供食物的行为在社区缓解饥 饿问题，故选 D 项。 【22 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他知道在他所居住的社区还有很多穷人和无家可归的人，并且 他也知道他们非常需要帮助。A. ashamed 羞愧的； B. aware 知道的；C. doubtful 怀疑 的；D. desperate 绝望的，迫切的。根据下文的 and he also knew 可知此处考查固定短语 be aware that…“知道”，know 和 be aware that 是同意词复现，故选 B 项。 【23 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他知道在他所居住的社区还有很多穷人和无家可归的人，并且他 也知道他们非常需要帮助。A. sadly 悲伤地；B. hardly 几乎不；C. badly 急切地；D. rarely 稀少地。根据下文的 That's why he decided to construct a ''blessing box'' filled with food on his own lawn.可知 Roman Espinoza 知道那些穷人和无家可归的人非常需要帮助， 故选 C 项。 【24 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些需要食物的人通常被允许可以从这个“祝福箱”里拿吃的。A. allowed 允许；B. forbidden 禁止；C. requested 请求；D. accompanied 陪伴。根据句意可 知，此处考查短语 sb. be allowed to do sth.“某人被允许做某事”，故选 A 项。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现并非每一个从“祝福箱”里拿东西的人都想被别人知道， 因此为了避免尴尬他们通常等到天黑才来。A. purchased 购买；B. stole 偷；C. swallowed 吞；D. took 拿。根据上文的 People who are in need of food are always ___4___ to take something from the ''blessing box''.可知此处用“拿”符合语境，take 是原词复现，故 - 16 - 选 D 项。 【26 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现并非每一个从“祝福箱”里拿东西的人都想被别人知道， 因此为了避免尴尬他们通常等到天黑才来。A. waited 等待；B. hid 隐藏；C. thought 想， 认为；D. struggled 挣扎。根据下文的 until it was dark 可推测他们是等到天黑才来的， 故选 A 项。 【27 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他发现并非每一个从“祝福箱”里拿东西的人都想被别人知道， 因此为了避免尴尬他们通常等到天黑才来。A. enjoyment 乐趣；B. pride 骄傲；C. embarrassment 尴尬；D. preference 偏爱。根据上文的 He found that not everyone who ___5___ food from the ''blessing box'' wanted to be known 可推测他们觉得从盒子里拿 东西很尴尬所以不想让别人知道，故选 C 项。 【28 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Roman 受到当地社区大学一个相似行为的启发，在那儿他看见在 一个小箱子，里面有大量专门为那些买不起快餐或者一顿饭的穷学生准备的免费食物。A. terrible 糟糕的；B. similar 相似的；C. natural 自然而然的；D. illegal 违法的。根据 上文的 what he called a ''blessing box'' filled with food available to any and all who need it 和下文的 where he saw there was a small box with a number of free food 可知 Roman 的想法和社区大学的想法相似，故选 B 项。 【29 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Roman 受到当地社区大学一个相似行为的启发，在那儿他看见在一 个小箱子，里面有大量专门为那些买不起快餐或者一顿饭的穷学生准备的免费食物。A. items 商品，物品；B. chains 链条；C. shops 商店；D. projects 项目。根据上文的 a small box with a number of free food 可知盒子里装着可以吃的商品，故选 A 项。 【30 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Roman 受到当地社区大学一个相似行为的启发，在那儿他看见在一 个小箱子，里面有大量专门为那些买不起快餐或一顿饭的穷学生准备的免费食物。A. resist 反抗；B. enjoy 享受；C. miss 错过，想念；D. afford 买得起。根据上文的 poor students 可知此处用“买不起”符合语境，故选 D 项。 【31 题详解】 - 17 - 考查副词词义辨析。句意：多亏了他，整个社区的人都定期捐赠食物和其它必要物品。A. carefully 仔细地；B. regularly 定期地，有规律地；C. passively 被动地；D. suddenly 突然。结合上下文可知，此处是指社区的人在 Roman 的影响下都定期过来捐赠食物和其它东 西，故选 B 项。 【32 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Roman 非常感激其他人也来给那些没有那么幸运的人捐赠食物， 同时他也因为启发别人这样做而感到荣幸。A. intelligent 智慧的；B. dependent 独立的； C. innocent 无辜的；D. fortunate 幸运的。根据上文的 poor and homeless people 可知他 们都是不那么幸运的人，故选 D 项。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Roman 非常感激其他人也来给那些没有那么幸运的人捐赠食物，同 时他也因为启发别人这样做而感到荣幸。A. inspired 启发；B. invited 邀请；C. convinced 说服；D. challenged 挑战。根据上文的 Thanks to him, there's a whole community that ___11___ donates food and other necessities.可知社区的其他人受到 Roman 的启发，也 开始帮助那些不太幸运的人，且上文的 Roman was inspired by a ___8___ action 也有暗示， inspire 是原词复现，故选 A 项。 【34 题详解】 考查副词短语辨析。句意：一开始，人们开始把捐赠的东西放到 Roman 的“祝福箱”里，但 很显然事情不止于此。A. At times 偶尔；B. At once 立刻；C. At first 一开始；D. At last 最后。根据下文的 In fact, many people had a strong ___16___ to build their own blessing box,可知，一开始人们把东西放在 Roman 的“祝福箱”里，但后来他们也想设立自己的“祝 福箱”，故选 C 项。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，人们开始把捐赠的东西放到 Roman 的“祝福箱”里，但 很显然事情不止于此。A. fail 失败；B. stop 停止；C. start 开始；D. move 移动。根据下 文的 In fact, many people had a strong ___16___ to build their own blessing box, 可知人们的捐赠行为不会停止于把捐赠物品放到 Roman 的“祝福箱”里，他们想要有更一步 的行为，故选 B 项。 【36 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，很多人都有设立他们自己的“祝福箱”的渴望，因此他 - 18 - 们求助于他。A. ability 能力；B. curiosity 好奇心；C. dislike 不喜欢；D. desire 渴望。 根据下文的 so they turned to him for help 可知此处用“渴望”符合语境，故选 D 项。 【37 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：例如，当地的 Home Depot 商店决定赞助修建新箱子所需的所有木 料。A. however 然而；B. or rather 更准确地说；C. for example 例如；D. instead 相反。 根据上文的 And many more wanted to help in their own way.可知本句是对上文的举例说 明，故选 C 项。 【38 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：例如，当地的 Home Depot 商店决定赞助修建新箱子所需的所有木 料。A. boxes 箱子；B. communities 社区；C. stores 商店；D. homes 家。根据上文的 many people had a strong ___16___ to build their own blessing box 和该句的 wood 可知此处 是指赞助修建“祝福箱”所需的木料，故选 A 项。 【39 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过传递语言和这些美好的食物储存柜的想法，人们可以真正对 全市的穷人带来巨大影响。A. ignoring 忽略；B. remembering 记得；C. spreading 传递；D. breaking 打破。根据上文的 he feels honored that he ___13___ others to do so.可知 Roman 的行为向社区的其他人传递了帮助穷人和无家可归的人的信息，故选 C 项。 【40 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过传递语言和这些美好的食物储存柜的想法，人们可以真正为 全市的穷人带来巨大影响。A. promise 诺言；B. difference 不同；C. judgment 判断；D. comment 评论。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语 make a significant difference“有巨大影响”， 故选 B 项。 第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1 个单词) 或括号内单词的正确形式。 A study, ____41____ (lead) by the University of St. Andrews, found a balanced and healthy lifestyle, including becoming fitter, having less stress and sleeping ____42____ (long) all gave skin a more healthy-looking colour. Previous ____43____ (study) have linked improvements in skin colour to a good diet but the latest study also examined ____44____ relationship between general health and skin colour. - 19 - They measured skin colour with a device that recorded how a rainbow of colours was reflected from the skin and found that both high ____45____(fit) and low body fat were associated with a higher skin yellowness. The research team also assessed whether a change in health changed skin appearance. They ___46___ (follow) 59 students from sports clubs to measure the training effect ____47____ their skin. They found those ____48____ became healthier or lost body fat showed an increase in skin yellowness. Scientists concluded that exercise and healthy eating were low-cost ways of improving your skin. Any effort ____49____ (improve) lifestyle would benefit the skin within a _____50_____ (relative) short time. 【答案】41. led 42. longer 43. studies 44. the 45. fitness 46. followed 47. on 48. who 49. to improve 50. relatively 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了最近的一项研究了肤色和健康状况之间的关系。该研究发 现任何改善生活方式的努力都会对肤色有益。 【41 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作定语，逻辑主语 study 和 lead 之间 是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填 led。 【42 题详解】 考查副词的比较级。分析句子可知，此处应用副词修饰动词 sleep，再结合上文的 fitter 和 less 判断此处应用比较级，故填 longer。 【43 题详解】 考查名词的数。分析句子可知，此处应用名词作为句子主语，由 are 判断主语是复数名词， 故填 studies。 【44 题详解】 - 20 - 考查冠词。句意：之前的研究把良好的饮食和肤色的改善联系在一起，但最新的研究也调查 了健康和肤色之间是关系。根据句意可知，此处特指健康和肤色之间是关系，应用定冠词， 故填 the。 【45 题详解】 考查名词。分析句子可知，此处应填名词和下文的 fat 共同作为句子主语，“健康”不可数， 故填 fitness。 【46 题详解】 考查时态。分析句子可知，此处是句子谓语动词，由上文的 assessed 判断为一般过去时，故 填 followed。 【47 题详解】 考查冠词。此处考查固定表达 effect on“对……的影响”，故填 on。 【48 题详解】 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，此处是定语从句关系词，指代人的先行词 those 在从句中充 当主语，应用关系代词 who，故填 who。 【49 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：任何改善生活方式的努力都会在相对短的时间里对皮肤有好处。根 据句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作为名词 effort 的后置定语，effort to improve lifestyle“改善生活方式的努力”，故填 to improve。 【50 题详解】 考查副词。此处应用副词修饰形容词 short，故填 relatively。 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分 35 分) 第一节 短文改错 (共 10 小题；每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分) 51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者 (从第 11 处起) 不计分。 I am a senior three student and I’m devoted myself to my lessons every day. I - 21 - dare not waste single minute because I am afraid he will be left behind by others. With much exams to take, I feel nervous. To make matters worse, I have had difficulty in fall asleep since last week. I can’t concentrate myself to the teacher in class, feeling sleepy but tired. Yesterday my parents tell me to have a walk outdoors. “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy,” they said to me. So I followed their advices. I felt more relaxing after some rest. I have decided to take more exercise from today on. 【答案】1.去掉 devoted 后的 myself 2.在 single 前加 a 3.he→I 4.much→many 5.fall→falling 6.to→on 7.but→and 8.tell→told 9.advices→advice 10.relaxing→relaxed 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者是一名高三学生，整天忙于学习，但是却出现了睡眠问题，也无法集 中注意力，父母建议他出去走走，作者感觉好多了并下决心从明天开始多锻炼。 【详解】1.考查固定搭配。句意：我是一名高三学生，我每天埋头于功课。devote 是动词， 常用的搭配是 devote oneself to 或者 be devoted to，根据“I’m devoted”可知，此处应 去掉 myself。故去掉 devoted 后的 myself。 2.考查冠词。句意：我一分钟也不敢浪费，因为我怕落后于别人。minute 是可数名词，此处 表示泛指，且 single 首字母的发音为辅音音素，应加冠词 a。故在 single 前加 a。 3.考查代词。根据“I am afraid”可知，此处是指害怕“我”落后于别人，故将 he 改为 I。 4.考查形容词。句意：有很多考试要考，我觉得紧张。exams 是可数名词复数，应用 many 修 饰，much 修饰不可数名词。故将 much 改为 many。 5.考查固定搭配。句意：使事情更糟糕的是，我自从上周就入睡困难。have difficulty in doing - 22 - sth.是固定搭配，意为“做某事有困难”，故将 fall 改为 falling。 6.考查介词。句意：在课堂上我无法使自己集中注意力在老师身上，感觉困倦又疲惫。 concentrate 意为“集中”，常和介词 on 搭配构成 concentrate…on…。故将 to 改为 on。 7.考查连词。sleepy 和 tired 是并列关系，应用 and 连接。故将 but 改为 and。 8.考查时态。句意：昨天我的父母告诉我去户外散散步。根据时间状语 Yesterday 可知，本 句应用一般过去时。故将 tell 改为 told。 9.考查名词。句意：所以我听从了他们的建议。advice 是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将 advices 改为 advice。 10.考查形容词。句意：休息之后我感觉更放松。relaxing 意为“令人放松的”，通常指物， relaxed 意为“感到放松的”，通常指人的感受。本句主语是 I，故将 relaxing 改为 relaxed。 第二节 书面表达 (共 1 小题；满分 25 分) 52.假定你是李华，你校学生会将举办一年一度的“校园美食节”活动，请你作为学生会主席 给外教 Mr. Johnson 写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 邀请他参加； 2. 介绍美食节情况； 3. 期待回复。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右。 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 开头结尾已经写好，不计收入总词数。 Dear Mr. Johnson, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Johnson, On behalf of the Student Union I would like to invite you to join us in The Delicious - 23 - Food in School, which is held every year in our school. The activity will be held from 9:00am to 3:00pm next Sunday in the square of our school. There will be much famous local food then, and you can have a taste of what you like. What's more, we have invited some people to show us how to made dumplings, zongzi, spring rolls and other traditional food, so you will have a chance to make the food with your own hands. I know that you are fond of our local food, so this will surely be a unique experience for you. Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生代表学生会邀请外教 Mr. Johnson 参加“校园美食节”，并 告知活动相关情况。 【详解】体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主 结构：总分总 要求： 1. 邀请他参加； 2. 介绍美食节情况（时间，地点，内容等）； 3. 期待回复。 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） on behalf of/ would like to do sth./ annually/ local/ be fond of/ have a taste of/ unique/ look forward to 第三步：连词成句 1. On behalf of the Student Union I would like to invite you to join us in The Delicious Food in School, which is held every year in our school. 2. The activity will be held from 9:00am to 3:00pm next Sunday in the square of our school. 3. There will be much famous local food then, and you can have a taste of what you - 24 - like. 4.What's more, we have invited some people to show us how to made dumplings, zongzi, spring rolls and other traditional food, so you will have a chance to make the food with your own hands. 5. I know that you are fond of our local food, so this will surely be a unique experience for you. 6. Looking forward to your reply. 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句） 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so… 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although… 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where… 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语） 【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符 合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：On behalf of the Student Union I would like to invite you to join us in The Delicious Food in School, which is held every year in our school.中 which 引导定语从句；I know that you are fond of our local food, so this will surely be a unique experience for you.中 that 引导宾语从句。 - 25 -