2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习：选修6Unit17Laughter学案

2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习：选修6Unit17Laughter学案

‎(一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．anecdote n．　　　　　　　　 轶事，趣闻 ‎2．ridiculous adj. 荒谬的，可笑的 ‎3．forgetful adj. 健忘的 ‎4．psychology n. 心理学 ‎5．comedian n. 喜剧演员 ‎6．comedy n. 　[纵联1] 喜剧 ‎7．compensate vt. 补偿，赔偿 ‎8．authority n. 权威；权力 ‎9．mature adj. 成熟的 ‎10．identification n. 身份 ‎11．component n. 成分，组成部分 ‎12．string n. 绳，线 ‎13．agency n. 代理处，经销处 ‎14．yawn vi. 打哈欠 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．clarify vt. 澄清，讲清楚 ‎ ‎2．withdraw vt. [纵联2] 提取；撤退 ‎3．forbid vt. 禁止，不准 ‎4．border n. 国界，边境 ‎5．overlook vt. 忽略，忽视 ‎6．swiftly adv. 迅速地 ‎7．delay n. 　　[纵联3] 延误，延期 ‎8．acknowledge vt. 承认，认可 ‎9．figure n. 　　[纵联4] 人物 ‎10．scold vt. 斥责，责备 ‎11．obtain vt. 获得，得到 ‎12．tough adj. 艰难的；不幸的；强壮的 ‎13．rarely adv. 很少，难得 ‎14．yell vi. 叫喊，叫嚷 ‎15．queue vi. 排队 ‎16．purely adv. 完全地，仅仅 ‎17．raw adj. 生的，未煮过的 ‎18．depth n. 深(度)，纵深 ‎19．resist vt. 抵抗，抵制 ‎20．desperate adj. 不顾一切的 ‎21．unbelievable adj. 不可置信的，极其惊人的 ‎22．tension n. 紧张，焦虑 ‎23．scratch n. 痕迹或划伤 vt. 划(破)‎ Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．amuse vt.逗乐，使(某人)笑→amusement n．娱乐，消遣；快乐的事→amused adj.娱乐的，觉得好笑的→amusing adj.逗人笑的，好笑的 ‎2．convince vt.使相信→convincing adj.令人信服的→convinced adj.相信的，信任的 ‎3．harmony n．协调，和谐→harmonious adj.和谐的，协调的 ‎4．scare vt.使恐惧→scared adj.惊恐的，担惊受怕的→scary adj.可怕的，(某人)吓得发抖的 ‎5．profession n．职业，专业→professional adj.职业的 ‎6．universal adj.通用的，普遍的；全世界的→universe n．宇宙 ‎7．astonish vt.使惊讶，使惊骇→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的→astonished adj.惊讶的→astonishment n．惊奇 ‎8．caution n．谨慎，小心→cautious adj.谨慎的，小心的→cautiously adv.谨慎小心地 ‎9．response n．回应，应答→respond v．回答，答复 ‎10．messy adj.凌乱的，肮脏的→mess n．混乱 纵联1.“剧”之种种 ‎①tragedy悲剧 ②TV play/series电视剧 ‎③soap opera肥皂剧 ④drama话剧 ‎⑤Peking Opera京剧 ⑥Henan Opera豫剧 ‎⑦comedy喜剧 纵联2.“金融”词汇荟萃 ‎①account n．账目；账户 ②budget n．预算(案)‎ ‎③capital n．资金；资本 ④cheque n．支票 ‎⑤interest n．利息 ⑥withdraw vt.提取 ‎⑦financial crisis金融危机 ⑧banking business金融业 ‎⑨financial market金融市场 纵联3.“推迟，耽搁”词汇小聚 ‎①delay ②hold up ‎③postpone ④put off ‎⑤defer ⑥lay over ‎⑦detain ⑧stop over ‎⑨retard 纵联4.由“figure”想到的 ‎①VIP 重要人物 ‎②a historical figure 历史人物 ‎③a heroic figure 英雄人物 ‎④a typical character 典型人物 ‎⑤a big shot/a somebody 大人物 ‎⑥a small potato/a nobody 小人物 ‎⑦biography 人物传记 ‎⑧legendary personage 传说人物 单元话题——娱乐活动 子话题1　体育赛事 ‎①marathon马拉松 ②throwing投掷 ‎③high jump跳高 ④long jump跳远 ‎⑤individual events个人赛 ⑥team events团体赛 ‎⑦freestyle relay自由泳接力 ⑧women's singles女子单打 ‎⑨men's doubles男子双打 子话题2　娱乐场所 ‎①amusement park游乐场 ②night club夜总会 ‎③aquarium水族馆 ④bathing beach海滨浴场 ‎⑤concert音乐会 ⑥bar酒吧间 ‎⑦botanical garden植物园 ⑧exhibition展览 ‎⑨carnival狂欢节 子话题3　艺术品种 ‎①literature文学 ②painting绘画 ‎③music音乐 ④dance舞蹈 ‎⑤sculpture雕塑 ⑥drama戏剧 ‎⑦architecture建筑 ⑧movie电影 ‎ [学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2013·江苏高考阅读B)Markets and queues❶ — paying and waiting — are two different ways of allocating things, and each is appropriate to different activities. The morals of the queue, “First come, first served，” have an egalitarian (平等主义的) appeal. They tell us to ignore❷ privilege, power, and deep❸ pockets.‎ ‎①写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：队列，长队，在此处为名词，还可作动词，意为排队 ‎②写出加黑词在本单元的同义词形式：overlook ‎③写出加黑词在本单元的名词：depth ‎2．(2013·重庆高考阅读D)It is filled with symbiotic existences, too: unimaginable quantities of creatures, little and large alike, mix within its depths in a kind of oceanic 　❶　 (harmonious), giving to the waters a feeling of heartbeat, a kind of subocean vitality. And it has a psychology. It has personalities: sometimes peaceful and pleasant, on rare❷ occasions rough❸ and wild; always it is strong and striking.‎ ‎①用所给词的适当形式填空：harmony ‎②写出加黑词在本单元的副词形式：rarely ‎③写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：tough ‎3．(2009·浙江高考阅读C)A device like this could also be used to identify❶ fruits that are perfectly❷ ripe❸ and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette，Ind.who studies smells of flowers and plants.‎ ‎①写出加黑词在本单元的同根名词：identification，加黑词所在句中短语be used to do sth.意为被用来做某事，与used相关的短语还有：used to do sth.意为过去常常做某事，be used to doing sth.意为习惯于做某事 ‎②写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：purely ‎③写出加黑词在本单元的同义词：mature 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)这部短片会让你确信我们和学校共同成长并且它光荣的历史也让我们吃惊。(convince, astonish)‎ The_short_film_will_convince_you_that_we_are_growing_together_with_our_school_and_its_glorious_history_also_astonishes_us.‎ ‎2．(2015·江苏高考书面表达)我们承认，没有规章制度，人们不可能享受到和谐，或者整个国家也会处于混乱中。(acknowledge, harmony)‎ It_is_acknowledged_that_people_could_not_enjoy_harmony_or_the_country_would_be_in_chaos_without_rules_and_regulations.‎ ‎3．(2013·安徽高考书面表达)我会牢记交通规则于心。如果我步行，我不会忘记走人行道。如果我上公交车，我会按顺序排队。(queue)‎ I_will_keep_traffic_rules_in_mind_all_the_way._If_I_walk,_I'll_never_forget_to_use_the_pedestrian_crossing._If_I_get_on_the_bus,_I'll_queue_in_order.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．forbid (forbade, forbidden) vt.禁止，不准 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)forbid doing sth.　　　　 禁止做某事 forbid sb. sth.　 禁止某人某事 禁止某人做某事 ‎(2)forbidden adj. 禁止的；不准的 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He was forbidden to_leave (leave) the house, as a punishment.‎ ‎②For the benefit of health, people forbid smoking (smoke) in the office.‎ ‎③My father forbade me from meeting my friends online at the Internet cafe!‎ 一句多译 他父亲禁止他去任何网吧。‎ ‎④His father forbade_him_to_go to any net bar.‎ ‎⑤His father forbade_him/his__going to any net bar.‎ ‎⑥His father forbade_him_from_going to any net bar.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑦(2012·福建高考书面表达)更甚的是，他们吐痰甚至向湖里扔垃圾，这是在公共场合完全禁止的行为。‎ What's_worse,_they_spat_and_even_threw_rubbish_into_the_lake,_which_is_forbidden_totally_in_public_places.‎ ‎[联想]　forbid后用动名词作宾语，用动词不定式作宾语补足语。类似的还有allow, encourage, advise, permit等。‎ ‎2．astonish vt.使惊讶，使惊骇 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)It astonishes sb. that ...　 令某人惊讶的是……‎ ‎(2)astonished adj. 感到惊讶的 be astonished at/by ... 对……感到惊讶 be astonished to do ... 因做……而感到惊讶 astonishing adj. 令人惊讶的 ‎(3)astonishment n. 惊奇，惊异 to one's astonishment＝to the astonishment of sb.‎ ‎ 让某人感到惊讶的是 in astonishment 惊讶地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He was astonished to_see (see) a man lying in the box on top of a pile of woolen goods.‎ ‎②Everyone is astonished at/by the news that he's learned Latin in three months.‎ ‎③After hearing the news, she stared at me in astonishment.‎ ‎④China is developing at an astonishing (astonish) speed，and will soon be one of the most powerful countries in the world.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑤To_my_astonishment,_it disappeared completely.‎ 令我吃惊的是，它消失的无影无踪了。‎ ‎⑥It_did_not_astonish_her_at_all_that he had gone.‎ 他走了，她对此一点都不吃惊。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑦(2015·浙江高考书面表达)我们正在讨论去哪里郊游，令我吃惊的是，大部分同学想去公园而我想去一个更好的地方。‎ We_were_discussing_where_to_go_for_an_outing._To_my_astonishment,_most_of_my_classmates_wanted_to_go_to_a_park_while_I_had_an_idea_of_going_to_a_nicer_place.‎ ‎3．acknowledge vt.认可，承认；对(某人所做的事)表示感谢；告知收到 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎ (1)acknowledge sb./sth. to be/as ...‎ ‎　　　 认为某人/物是……；承认某人/物是……‎ acknowledge doing sth.　　　　　 承认做某事 It is universally/widely acknowledged that ... ……是大家公认的 ‎(2)acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge stealing (steal) the lady's purse.‎ ‎②We are sending you a small sum of money in acknowledgement (acknowledge) of your help.‎ ‎③It's universally acknowledged (acknowledge) that Professor Hawking is one of the world's greatest physicists.‎ 句型转换 ‎④People widely acknowledge that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.‎ ‎→It is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality.‎ ‎⑤It's universally acknowledged that Tom is one of the top students in our class.‎ ‎→Tom is universally acknowledged as/to be one of the top students in our class.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)大家普遍认为，你到达的时间不能迟于规定的时间。‎ It_is_widely_acknowledged_that_your_arrival_shouldn't_be_later_than_the_fixed_time.‎ ‎4．delay n. & v．延误，延期 ‎[记牢]‎ delay doing sth. ＝put off doing sth.　 推迟/延迟做某事 without delay 毫不耽搁；立刻 ‎[练通]　完成句子 ‎①I have to delay_answering_his_question,_waiting for the right moment.‎ 我不得不推迟回答他的问题，等有了适当的时机再说。‎ ‎②We shall inform you of fresh developments without_delay.‎ 一有新的进展我们将立即通知你。‎ ‎③They should have arrived at lunchtime but their_flight_was_delayed.‎ 他们本该在午饭的时候到达，但是他们的航班延误了。‎ ‎[写美]　‎ ‎④(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)如果你想申请会员，你需要填写申请表发送邮件到pingpong@123.com。截止日期是7月20号。如果你真的有特殊的原因，可以延期到7月25号。‎ If you want to apply for membership, you are required to fill in the application form and send an email to pingpong@123.com.The deadline is July 20th. If you really have special reasons, you can delay the date until July 25th.‎ ‎5．amuse vt.逗乐；使(某人)笑 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)amuse sb./oneself by/with sth.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　 通过……来取乐某人/自己 ‎(2)amusement n. 消遣，娱乐 to one's (great) amusement　 令人感到(极)好笑的是 ‎(3)amused adj. 感到快乐的 be amused at/by 对……感到好笑 be amused to do sth. 做某事而感到好笑 amusing adj. 有趣的，逗乐的 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He stopped and watched with amusement (amuse) to see the child so absorbed.‎ ‎②The kids were so amused (amuse) with the comedian's performance that they burst into laughter.‎ ‎③We were greatly amused to_hear_ (hear) about him sitting on the wet paint.‎ ‎④The movie we saw last night was very amusing (amuse)，wasn't it?‎ 完成句子 ‎⑤To_our_amusement,_he was wearing a pair of red shoes.‎ 令我们感到好笑的是，他竟然穿了双红鞋。‎ ‎⑥The audience_was_amused_at/by the magician's tricks.‎ 观众被魔术师的魔术逗乐了。‎ ‎⑦It was too rainy to play outside, so she amused_herself_by/with_a_book.‎ 雨太大了，不适合在外面玩，所以她看书消遣。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑧(2016·天津高考书面表达)‎ 使我们感到非常快乐的是，这里的每个人都是大家庭的一员，我们相互学到很多。‎ Much_to_our_amusement,_everyone_here_is_a_member_of_our_big_family_and_we_learn_a_lot_from_each_other.‎ ‎6．convince vt.使相信；说服 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)convince sb. to do sth.　　 说服某人做某事 convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb. that ... 使某人相信……‎ ‎(2)convinced adj. 确信的，深信的 be convinced of/that ... 坚信/确信……‎ convincing adj. 信服的；有说服力的[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①We convinced him to_go (go) by train rather than by plane.‎ ‎②That was the most convincing (convince) words I had ever heard.‎ ‎③We were able to convince the students_of_the need for wide reading.‎ 完成句子 ‎④Because they were_convinced_of_the_accuracy of the data, they stuck to their opinion.‎ 因为他们相信数据的精确性，所以他们才坚持他们的意见。‎ ‎⑤The picture convinces_me_that it is even more important to be a good daughter than a good student.‎ 这幅图画让我深信做一个好女儿甚至比做一个好学生更重要。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2016·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)此次展览的主题是环保。时间从6月15号开始，持续三个周。我确信欢迎任何感兴趣的学生参加。‎ The_theme_of_the_show_is_environmental_protection._It_will_start_from_June_15th_and_last_for_three_weeks._I'm_convinced_that_any_student_who_is_interested_is_welcome_to_participate.‎ ‎7．desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的；铤而走险的，不顾一切的；非常需要的；极度渴望的 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)be desperate for sth.　　　　 渴望某物 be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事 in desperate need (of) 非常需要(……)‎ ‎(2)desperation n. 拼命；不顾死活；绝望 ‎(3)desperately adv. 绝望地；拼命地；非常地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①These children in the mountainous area are desperate to_learn (learn) more knowledge.‎ ‎②He was in desperation (desperate) when he found all his belongings missing.‎ ‎③I was so frightened that I closed my eyes and desperately(desperate) threw myself at that guy like a bullet.‎ 完成句子 ‎④The children are in_desperate_need_of love and attention.‎ 这些孩子们极需要爱与关心。‎ ‎⑤The man lost in the desert was_desperate_for water.‎ 在沙漠中迷失方向的人极度渴望得到水。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2015·四川高考书面表达)作为回报，我希望你能帮我练习口语。当我说英语时，我经常感到很紧张。我渴望你的帮助。你能给我一些克服这方面的建议吗？‎ In_return_I_hope_you_can_help_me_with_my_spoken_English._When_I_speak_English,_I_often_feel_a_little_nervous._I_am_desperate_for_your_help._Can_you_give_me_some_advice_on_how_to_overcome_it?‎ ‎8．scare vt.使恐惧；使害怕；惊吓 n．恐慌；恐惧 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1) scare sb. into doing sth.　 恐吓某人做某事 scare sb. to death 使某人大受惊吓，吓得要死 scare ... away/off 把……吓跑 ‎(2)scared adj. 受惊吓的；感到害怕的 be scared of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某物 be scared 害怕做某事 scaring adj. 令人害怕的；吓人的 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①It was the high price that scared possible buyers away/off.‎ ‎②They were scared (scare) that the ship would be wrecked.‎ ‎③To tell you the truth, the movie is too scaring (scare)．‎ 完成句子 ‎④I was nearly scared_to_death when I was alone in the building.‎ 当大楼里就我一个人时，我几乎被吓死。‎ ‎⑤She tries to scare_the_child_into_behaving_well.‎ 她试图恐吓那孩子让其守规矩。‎ ‎⑥He was_scared_to_stay/of_staying outside late at night because he was_scared_of_being_robbed/to_be_robbed.‎ 深夜他不敢待在外面，因为害怕被抢劫。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑦(2013·福建高考书面表达)这样的情形是令人担忧的。我个人看来，过度保护和过度恐吓都对孩子的发展很不利。相反，父母应该鼓励孩子克服困难，激励他们自我发展。‎ Such_a_situation_is_of_great_concern.In_my_opinion,_overprotection_or_too_much_scare_is_extremely_bad_for_children's_development._Instead,_parents_should_encourage_their_children_to_overcome_difficulties_and_inspire_them_to_develop_by_themselves.‎ ‎9．caution n．谨慎，小心；警告vt.警告，告诫；提醒 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)with caution 　　　　　　　　　 小心地，谨慎地 ‎(2)caution sb. not to do sth./against doing sth. ‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　 警告某人不要做某事 caution sb. about .../that ... 警告某人……‎ ‎(3)cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的 be cautious about/of/with ... 对……很小心 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He is a cautious (caution) person, so whatever he does, he is not only thoughtful but careful.‎ ‎②You must treat every word in the contract with caution.‎ 句型转换/完成句子 ‎③The guidebook cautions us not to walk alone at night.‎ ‎→The guidebook cautions us against walking alone at night.‎ ‎④Be_cautious_about_money in WeChat of your smartphones.‎ 要当心手机里微信上的钱。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2013·北京高考书面表达)第二天早上，我发现我妈妈不舒服。她感冒了。我立即去给她拿药，小心地照顾她。‎ Just_the_next_morning,_I_found_my_mother_wasn't_feeling_well.She_had_a_cold.I_‎ immediately_went_to_get_her_some_medicine_and_took_care_of_her_with_caution.‎ ‎10．resist vt.抵抗，抵制 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)resist doing sth.　　　　 反对做某事 can't resist doing sth.＝can't help doing sth.‎ ‎ 忍不住做某事 ‎(2)resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的 be resistant to sth. 对某物有抵抗力 ‎(3)resistance n. 抗拒；反对 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He found it hard to resist buying (buy) these books.‎ ‎②It is believed that elderly people are always resistant (resist) to change.‎ ‎③There has been a lot of resistance (resist) to this new law.‎ 句型转换/完成句子 ‎④She couldn't help making jokes about his bald head.‎ ‎→She couldn't resist making jokes about his bald head.‎ ‎⑤Many young girls aren't_resistant_to_the_delicious_food,_so they become fat.‎ 许多年轻女孩对美食没有抵抗力，因此就变胖了。‎ ‎[用准]　resist表示“忍住”时常与表示否定意义的can't/can hardly/be not able to等连用；resist 后接动词ing形式，不接不定式。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2016·四川高考书面表达)第一次去乡下叔叔家，我就情不自禁地爱上了夏天。‎ The_first_time_I_went_to_my_uncle's_house_in_the_country,_I_couldn't_resist_falling_in_love_with_summer.‎ ‎11．harmony n．协调，和谐，融洽 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)in (out of) harmony with ... 与……协调一致(不协调)‎ live in harmony 和睦相处，和谐共处 ‎(2)harmonious adj. 协调的；和睦的，友好的 ‎[练通]　完成句子 ‎①Human life is regarded as a part of nature and, strictly speaking, the only way for us to survive is to_live_in_harmony_with_nature.‎ 人类的生活被认为是大自然的一部分，严格说来，我们生存的唯一方法就是与自然和谐相处。‎ ‎②It is a_harmonious_community where pupils are very happy.‎ 这是一个友好的集体，学生们很开心。‎ ‎③It was she that was out_of_harmony_with the actual world, not the staff.‎ 是她，而不是员工们和实际生活格格不入。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎④(2014·天津高考书面表达)此外，每位学生都能与外国朋友和谐融洽，这会使你容易与他们相处。‎ In_addition,_every_student_can_be_in_harmony_with_foreign_friends,_which_makes_it_easy_for_you_to_get_along_with_them.‎ ‎ [词汇过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．We decided to delay (推迟) going on our holiday till next month because of the bad weather.‎ ‎2．In rock climbing, no amount of skill will make up for a lack of caution (谨慎)．‎ ‎3．He has become a figure (人物) known to everyone.‎ ‎4．As soon as the results of the vote were announced, the Prime Minister acknowledged (承认) defeat.‎ ‎5．He had not realized the depth (深度) of their feelings for each other.‎ ‎6．She decided to pursue her study after obtaining (获得) her first degree.‎ ‎7．In some Middle Eastern countries, exposing your flesh is forbidden (禁止), especially women.‎ ‎8．The father was desperate_(渴望) to get the job to feed his three children.‎ ‎9．It was abnormal for him to overlook (忽略) such an important detail.‎ ‎10．As a kid, I was always getting scolded (责备) by my father for being naughty.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It is not surprising that someone can't resist smoking (smoke) a cigarette while under stress.‎ ‎2．He had to delay completing (complete) the task, for he had to look for the lost child.‎ ‎3．The boy acknowledged stealing (steal) his neighbor's peaches.‎ ‎4．There is convincing (convince) evidence that smoking causes lung cancer now.‎ ‎5．You might feel confused, scared (scare), or shocked by the news.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．He broke the law because he wasn't resistant on the temptation.on→to ‎ ‎2．Never delay do something you should finish today.do→doing ‎3．However amused it is, I have to put the storybook away to concentrate on my lessons._amused→amusing ‎4．She lowered herself into the pool and held out a hand to a shark on caution, but it swam away.on→with ‎5．The government is trying to convince the public its determination to get tough on corruption.public后加of Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．The piano was out_of_harmony_with the rest of the instruments.‎ 钢琴弹得与其他乐器不协调。‎ ‎2．It_astonishes_me_that he should be so thoughtless.‎ 我真没料到他竟然如此轻率。‎ ‎3．I think it is sensible to forbid_using_cellphones in some areas.‎ 我认为禁止在一些区域使用手机是明智的。‎ ‎4．It hasn't rained for several months and this place is in_desperate_need_of_water.‎ 好几个月没下雨了，这一地区急需水。‎ ‎5．It_is_universally_acknowledged_that learning English well will be of great benefit to us all.‎ 普遍认为，学好英语对我们大家都有益处。‎ ‎(一)课前自主学习 ‎1．burst_out_laughing　　　　　　 突然笑起来 ‎2．cash_a_cheque 兑现支票 ‎3．wait_in_line 排队 ‎4．get_rid_of 处理掉；摆脱 ‎5．fool_around 胡闹，瞎弄；虚度光阴，闲荡 ‎6._result_in 导致，造成 ‎7．from_time_to_time [串记1] 不时地 ‎8．run_into 　　　　[串记2] 撞上；陷入 ‎9．put_on 假装；穿上；上映 ‎10．turn_sb.off_ 令人讨厌 ‎11．regardless_of 不管，不顾 ‎12．pull_faces_ 做鬼脸 ‎13．thanks_to 　 　[串记3] 幸亏；由于 ‎14．do_sb.good 　　[串记4] 对某人有益 ‎15．play_around 四处游戏 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.time短语全接触 ‎①at a time每次 ②at no time决不 ‎③in no time立刻，马上 ④of all time有史以来 ‎⑤all the time一直；始终 ⑥from time to time不时地 串记2.“偶然遇见”短语荟萃 ‎①run into ②come across ‎③meet up with ④meet by chance ‎⑤happen to meet 串记3.“因为；由于”短语一览 ‎①due to ②thanks to ‎③owing to ④as a result of ...‎ ‎⑤because of ⑥on account of ‎⑦in consequence of ... ⑧as a consequence of ...‎ 串记4.“do＋sb.＋n.”短语小聚 ‎①do sb. wrong＝do wrong to sb. 冤枉某人 ‎②do sb. harm＝do harm to sb. 对某人有害 ‎③do sb. good＝do good to sb. 对某人有益/好处 ‎1．go on a holiday 去度假 ‎2．wonder about her response 对她的回答感到奇怪 ‎3．cause long delays 引起长时间延误 ‎4．push his way to the front 挤到前面 ‎5．yell at the young girl 冲年轻女孩叫喊 ‎6．get into awkward and absurd situations ‎ 陷入尴尬而荒唐的情景中 ‎7．take out a card 拿出一张卡片 ‎8．make an attempt to eat it 试图吃下它 ‎9．seal it in an envelope 封入信封 ‎10．attend the same school 上同一所学校 ‎1．Have you ever had_trouble_trying to spell a word?‎ 你有没有拼不出单词的时候？‎ ‎2．He becomes so desperate in the end that he even hides some inside the purse of a woman sitting near him ...‎ 最后他不顾一切，甚至把一些(生肉)藏在坐在旁边的一位女士的钱包里……‎ ‎3．While_still_at_primary_school,_Rowan had already shown admirable acting talent.‎ 还在上小学时，罗恩就已经表现出令人赞叹的表演天赋。‎ ‎4．I felt at least forty more of_the_same_kind following the first.‎ 跟着第一个，我又感觉到了至少40多个同样的(人)。‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词块与句式 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ阅读B)Of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin C, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein)．(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇)thanks_to ‎2．(2017·北京高考阅读C)That's exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month, to Brooklyn, N. Y．， where a 17yearold caused an outbreak last year.(用本单元短语升级加黑词汇)resulted_in 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词块与句式 ‎(根据汉语及提示翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·北京高考书面表达)坦率地说，在不同的文化中获取学位很困难，因此来之前学习一些基础汉语对你有好处。(do sb. good)‎ To_be_frank,_it_is_difficult_to_study_for_a_degree_in_a_different_culture,_so_learning_some_basic_Chinese_does_you_good_before_you_come.‎ ‎2．(2016·天津高考书面表达)我们去餐馆品尝中国传统食物，饭食很香。当参观艺术展览时，我们讨论了伟大艺术家的作品。(while引导的省略句)‎ We_went_to_the_restaurant_to_taste_the_Chinese_traditional_food,_which_was_very_delicious._While_visiting_the_art_exhibition,_we_discussed_the_great_artists'_works.‎ ‎ (二)课堂重点释疑 ‎ [短语集释]‎ ‎1．regardless of 不管，不顾 ‎[记牢]‎ regardless of＝without considering　 不管 in spite of/despite 尽管(表示让步)‎ ‎[练通]　完成句子 ‎①Regardless_of whether he is right or wrong, we have to follow his decisions.‎ 不论他是对还是错，我们必须听从他的决定。‎ ‎②In_spite_of great efforts, he failed to earn enough money to decorate the house. However, he decided to decorate it regardless_of the cost.‎ 尽管付出了很大的努力，他还是没能挣到装饰房子的钱。然而，不管花费多少，他都决定装修。‎ ‎[用准]　regardless of后可接whether, what引导的从句，而in spite of和despite后一般不接从句，但可以跟the fact that ...。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎③(2013·大纲卷书面表达)尽管每个中国结只有12.99美元，但它们在中国代表友谊、爱和好运。‎ In_China,_these_knots_stand_for_friendship,_love_and_good_luck_in_spite_of/despite_only_12.99_US_dollars_each.‎ ‎2．run into 撞上；偶遇(困难、问题等)；偶然碰到；陷入 ‎[记牢]‎ run across　　　　　　　　　 偶然碰见 run out (of) 用完；耗尽 run away (from) 逃避；逃跑；离开 run after 追赶；追求 run over (撞倒并)碾压，压过 ‎[练通]　完成句子 ‎①I_ran_across/into_an old friend of mine in the street, whom I haven't met for years.‎ 我在街上偶然碰见了我的一个老朋友，我已经好多年不见他了。‎ ‎②If you_run_after two hares, you will catch neither.‎ ‎(谚)脚踏两只船，必定落空。‎ ‎③When I was 8 years old, I decided to run_away_from home after a quarrel with my mother.‎ 八岁的时候，在与母亲大吵一场后，我决定离家出走。‎ ‎④We have already run_out_of our money and I don't know what to do next.‎ 我们的钱已经用完了并且我不知道下一步做什么。‎ ‎[用准]　run out为不及物动词短语，没有被动语态，其主语是物；run out of 为及物动词短语，其主语是人。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2011·安徽高考书面表达)作为高中生，在学习的过程中我们遇到一个又一个的困难。每一个人都有处理困难的方法。在此我愿意和大家分享一下。‎ As_high_school_students,_we_run_into_one_difficulty_after_another_in_the_process_of_learning._Everyone_has_their_own_way_to_deal_with_them._Here_I_would_like_to_share_mine._‎ ‎3．result in 造成，导致，结果是 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)result from　　　　　　 由于……而引起 ‎(2)as a result 结果(在句中作状语，常用逗号与句子隔开)‎ as a result of ... 由于……‎ without result＝in vain 没有结果；白费 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He was late as a result of the snow.‎ ‎②The weather was bad, as a result, we had to put off our hiking.‎ ‎③I've been trying to open the box, but without result/in vain so far.‎ 句型转换 ‎④His failure resulted from his laziness.‎ ‎→His laziness resulted in his failure.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2012·江苏高考书面表达)目前，竞争和有压力的社会导致了一些冲突。在这种情形下，我们应该相互友善，这对享有一个和谐的生活是很必要的。原谅和忘记也是一种美德。‎ At_present,_competitive_and_stressful_society_result_in_some_conflicts._In_this_case，we_should_be_kind_to_one_another,_which_is_essential_to_enjoying_a_harmonious_life.It_is_also_a_virtue_to_forgive_and_forget.‎ ‎[联想]　表示“导致，造成”的短语还有lead to; bring about; contribute to等。‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ while引导的省略句 ‎[教材原句]　While still at primary school, Rowan had already shown admirable acting ‎ talent.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)So while sitting (sit) in the classroom and doing my papers, I felt confident and was full of energy.‎ 因此，当我坐在教室做试卷时，我感到信心十足、精力旺盛。‎ ‎(2)If chosen (choose), Mr. Brown, who is rich in experience, will turn out to be an excellent manager.‎ 如果被当选，经验丰富的布朗先生会成为一名优秀的经理。‎ ‎(3)If_(it_is)_necessary,_you should turn to your parents for help.‎ 如果有必要，你应该向你的父母求助。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)while still at primary school为状语从句的省略，完整形式为while he was still at primary school。‎ ‎(2)在由while, when, if, as if, even if/though, though, although, until, once, unless 等引导的状语从句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致或从句中的主语是it，且从句中含有be的某种形式时，从句中的主语连同be可同时省略。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)When told you are interested in Tang poems, I am very delighted.(开头句)‎ ‎(2)(2016·江苏高考满分作文)In short, internet voting, to some extent, is unfair, if not immoral, and cannot be trusted.(要点句)‎ ‎(3)(2016·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)If convenient for you, let's meet at 8：30 outside the school gate. If not, let me know what time suits you best. I should be available any time after school next week.(总结句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 get rid of， burst out laughing， wait in line， run into， thanks to， do sb. good， result in， regardless of ‎1．I almost burst_out_laughing when I saw what she was wearing.‎ ‎2．It's good manners for us to wait_in_line when we buy a ticket.‎ ‎3．Music can help us get_rid_of_bad moods and make us forget about misfortunes.‎ ‎4．It will not do_you any good if you drink large amounts of water after heavy exercise without any rest.‎ ‎5．Stress and tiredness often result_in a lack of concentration.‎ ‎6．Anyone can do rockclimbing, regardless_of_their fitness level or age.‎ ‎7．Thanks_to his effort, it is more successful than we have expected.‎ ‎8．But the government's plans have run_into strong opposition from the campaigners of civil rights.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．In_spite_of/Despite_the_bad_weather,_the sports meeting will be held on time.‎ 尽管天气不好，运动会还将按时举行。‎ ‎2．When you do something with faith, it_will_result_in_success.‎ 当你有信心地去做某事，结果就会成功。‎ ‎3．While_working_in_that_factory,_he made many friends.‎ 在那个工厂工作时，他交了许多朋友。‎ ‎4．Don't worry if you have_any_trouble_(in)_studying_Chinese,_and just take your time.‎ 学汉语有任何困难时都不要担心，慢慢来。‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 仔细观察下面两幅图画，写一篇幽默故事，讲述“我”在星期天发生的“污水代墨”的趣事，反映“污染严重”这一主题。可以适当发挥。‎ 注意：1.短文必须前后连贯；‎ ‎2．词数100左右。‎ 参考词汇：墨汁ink；化工厂chemical works 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 本写作属于看图作文，时态根据叙述事件而定，人称为第一人称。要点可以从下面三部分着手：一是点出特殊墨水，引出主题；二是叙述经过；三是呼吁治理污染。要点表达要力求准确全面，避免跑题。‎ 要点1：上周日我发现了一种不用花钱的特殊墨水，这真是太有趣了。‎ Last_Sunday_I_found_a_special_ink_that_cost_nothing_and_it_was_amusing.‎ 要点2：在路上我惊奇地发现在河里有一些黑水。‎ I_was_astonished_to_find_some_black_water_in_the_river_on_the_way.‎ 要点3：因此到了我们每个人保护环境的时候了。‎ So_it_is_time_for_everyone_to_protect_our_environment.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行升级改造，使之更加完美、地道。如要点1使用which引导的非限制性定语从句；要点2可补充内容“污水代墨”的过程，表达时用be doing ... when ...句型，there be句型，which引导的非限制性定语从句，why not＋动词原形以及and并列句；要点3可添加对环境现状的陈述，可使用现在分词短语做状语以及It is time ... that句型。‎ 拓展1：上周日我发现了一种不用花钱的特殊墨水，这真是太有趣了。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)‎ Last_Sunday_I_found_a_special_ink_that_cost_nothing,_which_was_amusing.‎ 拓展2－①：我正在家里做作业，这时发现墨水用完了。我毫不迟疑地去附近的一家商店去买了一瓶新的。(be doing ... when ...)‎ I_was_doing_my_homework_at_home_when_I_found_my_ink_had_run_out._I_went_to_a_store_nearby_to_buy_a_new_bottle_without_delay.‎ 拓展2－②：在路上我惊奇地发现在河里有一些黑水。(there be句型)‎ I_was_astonished_to_find_there_was_some_black_water_in_the_river_on_the_way.‎ 拓展2－③：我很快弄明白了：附近的一所化工厂一直在往这条小河排放污水，这就造成了现在的局面。(which引导的非限制性定语从句)‎ Soon,_I_figured_out_that_the_chemical_works_nearby_was_always_pouring_polluted_water_into_it,_which_resulted_in_the_situation.‎ 拓展2－④：“为什么不用它作墨水？”我说。因此我就带了些回家。(why not＋动词原形)‎ ‎“Why_not_use_it_as_ink？”_said_I._So_I_got_some_home.‎ 拓展2－⑤：多亏了它，我按时完成了作业并且对它很满意。(and并列句)‎ Thanks_to_it,_I_finished_my_homework_on_time_and_felt_content_with_it.‎ 拓展3－①：面对这种形势，我们必须承认，尽管政府采取了一些措施，但我们的环境一直在遭受着严重的污染。(现在分词作状语)‎ Facing_this_situation,_we_must_acknowledge_that_our_environment_is_being_polluted_seriously_in_spite_of_some_measures_taken_by_our_government.‎ 拓展3－②：因此到了我们每个人保护环境的时候了。(It is time that ...)‎ So_it_is_time_that_everyone_should_protect_our_environment.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 开头开门见山点出话题；中间叙述事件，用到连接词，如so， but等；结尾表达了治理污染的强烈期望。‎ Last_Sunday_I_found_a_special_ink_that_cost_nothing,_which_was_amusing.‎ I_was_doing_my_homework_at_home_when_I_found_my_ink_had_run_out._So_I_went_to_a_store_nearby_to_buy_a_new_bottle_without_delay._But_I_was_astonished_to_find_there_was_some_black_water_in_the_river_on_the_way._Soon,_I_figured_out_that_the_chemical_works_nearby_was_always_pouring_polluted_water_into_it,_which_resulted_in_the_situation.“Why_not_use_it_as_ink？”_said_I._So_I_got_some_home._Thanks_to_it,_I_finished_my_homework_on_time_and_felt_content_with_it.‎ Facing_this_situation,_we_must_acknowledge_that_our_environment_is_being_polluted_seriously_in_spite_of_some_measures_taken_by_our_government.So_it_is_time_that_everyone_should_protect_our_environment.‎ 理清句间结构之(一)　总分 一般来说，段落的首句常是主题句，起到总领的作用，后面句子是对主题句的论证和分析，有时通过引用一些句子进行说明。利用句子间的这种“总分”关系，可准确解答阅读七选五类题目。‎ ‎[高考典例1]　2018·全国卷Ⅲ·阅读七选五 Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow, life and death, and everything else in between.‎ ‎__36__ We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.‎ 由位置可知36题为主题句，为总，根据其后的细节支撑句“We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, office parties and just to fill the time.”可知，舞蹈在美国无处不在。B项符合要求。‎ A．So why do we dance?‎ B．Dance in the U．S. is everywhere.‎ C．If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.‎ D．My older students say it makes them feel young.‎ E．I keep practicing even when I'm extremely tired.‎ F．Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.‎ G．They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.‎ ‎[高考典例2]　2017·全国卷Ⅲ·阅读七选五 Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock. In ‎ fact, the key to easy morning wakeup lies in resetting your body clock.__16__ Here's how to make one.‎ ‎·__17__ In order to make a change, you need to decide why it's important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise, or just be better prepared for your day? Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.‎ 第16题空格前一句为主题句，为总，介绍了早上起床变得简单的关键是重新设置生物钟，后一句为细节支撑句，提出要制定一个调节计划，因此得出第16题的答案为C项。‎ 由位置可知17题为主题句，为本题的总；根据后面的细节支撑句“In order to make a change”和“Once you are clear about your reasons”可以断定B项为正确答案。‎ ‎·Rethink mornings ...‎ ‎·Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends ...‎ ‎·Keep a record and evaluate it weekly ...‎ A．Get a sleep specialist.‎ B．Find the right motivation.‎ C．A better plan for sleep can help.‎ D．And consider setting a second alarm.‎ E．If the steps you take are working, keep it up.‎ F．Stick to your set bedtime and wakeup time, no matter the day.‎ G．Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee.‎ ‎[高考典例3]　2016·全国卷Ⅲ·阅读七选五 ‎__38__ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge. Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn't fresh. __39(A)__ When you have bought a fish and arrive home, you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one.‎ 第38空考查段首主题句。根据段落中提供的细节：围绕如何通过嗅觉来鉴别鱼是否新鲜，由此可以推出F项为本段的主题句，意为“买鱼时应该先闻一闻”。‎ A.Do not buy it.‎ B．The easiest is to steam it.‎ C．This is how you can do it.‎ D．It just requires a little knowledge.‎ E．The fish will go bad within hours.‎ F．When buying fish, you should first smell it.‎ G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.‎