2020届一轮复习外研版必修3Module4SandstormsinAsia单元作业（8页

2020届一轮复习外研版必修3Module4SandstormsinAsia单元作业（8页

‎2020届一轮复习外研版必修3 Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia单元作业 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Golden Gate Bridge Located in San Francisco, the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 to connect the San Francisco Peninsula with Marin County.It was finally thrown open to public in 1937.It cost more than$35 million in the construction.Till the year 1957, the Golden Gate Bridge, at a length of 2,737 meters, was the longest suspension bridge in the world.‎ Brooklyn Bridge The Brooklyn Bridge is located in Brooklyn.It is one of the oldest bridges in the United States, opened in the year 1883.The length of the bridge is 1,825 meters.The bridge has been featured in several Hollywood movies.‎ George Washington Bridge Also known as the Hudson River Bridge, the George Washington Bridge which connects Fort Lee to Manhattan came into use in 1931 after a construction period of almost 4 years.It is a twolevel suspension bridge.‎ Mackinac Bridge This is the third biggest suspension bridge in the world at a length of 8,038 meters.The architect of this bridge was Dr.David B．Steinman who directed the construction of the bridge which started in the year 1954 and opened to the public in 1957.People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.‎ Navajo Bridge Located in Arizona, this bridge crosses the Colorado River and is ‎ almost 250 meters long.The construction of this bridge started in the year 1927, ending two years later, costing $390,000.In the 1990s a second bridge was built which was opened to the public in 1995.The first bridge is still used by pedestrians now.‎ ‎1．What do we know about the Golden Gate Bridge?‎ A．It consists of two bridges.‎ B．It costs the least of the five bridges.‎ C．It is the longest suspension bridge in the world.‎ D．It takes about 4 years to complete the construction.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“the Golden Gate Bridge started in the year 1933 ... thrown open to public in 1937”可推知，金门大桥的建筑时间约有四年，故D项正确。‎ ‎2．Which of the following bridges was built the earliest?‎ A．Golden Gate Bridge.‎ B．Brooklyn Bridge.‎ C．George Washington Bridge.‎ D．Navajo Bridge.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由题干关键词“was built the earliest”定位到每座大桥的建筑时间；根据文中各座大桥的建筑时间可知，布鲁克林大桥是最古老的大桥，故B项正确。‎ ‎3．What will you do if you drive across Mackinac Bridge?‎ A．Have to pay some money.‎ B．Use the second bridge.‎ C．Cover nearly 250 meters.‎ D．See the statue of Dr.David B．Steinman.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第四段尾句“People using this bridge are charged a certain amount of money.”可知，使用麦基诺大桥的人会被收取一定量的钱，故A项正确。‎ B ‎(2018·广东省七校联合体联考)Driving on up to Yosemite with my family was exciting but nerveracking (令人十分紧张的). I had never been to such an amazing national park before, yet I wasn't the most athletic person so I knew that I couldn't stick through all the hiking up and down. It actually ended up being a fun and adventurous experience.‎ The ride there was definitely long but worth it. As I woke up from my nap, I saw the beautiful scenery of the tall mountains and beautiful streams. The trails were made nicely for visitors. The waterfalls were breathtaking. Climbing up rocks was one of my favorite parts. Even though I fell a couple of times, I still had a lot of fun. The fact that my family and I spent so much time together all trying to find out which route to take and what views to watch really brought us closer together.‎ The great thing about nature is that, it's just you, the views, and the people around you. There's nothing to bother you and it's the best way to relax and enjoy yourself. Yosemite has 5 of the world's highest waterfalls, and about 300 lakes. The structure of each mountain is incredible; it's formed in ways that almost take your breath away. Some of them are of a deep dark color with waterfalls forming; some are formed with spots of green peeking (窥探) out. It's definitely something you wouldn't want to miss.‎ Yosemite isn't the only great national park but based on my ‎ experience I highly recommend going out and enjoying nature with family and friends. It's a great time to bond, laugh, and take in what Mother Nature offers.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过讲述自己和家人一起游览美国的约塞米蒂国家公园的经历，建议人们多去户外亲近大自然。‎ ‎4．The author writes the first paragraph mainly to ________.‎ A．introduce the topic of this passage B．offer an example to us C．tell us his future plan for hiking D．describe a national park 解析：选A　写作意图题。通读全文尤其是第一段的第一句可知，文章主要介绍了作者和家人去约塞米蒂国家公园游玩的经历；据此可以判断，第一段旨在引出文章主题，故A项正确。‎ ‎5．While climbing up rocks, the author was ________.‎ A．nerveracking　　　　　 B．injured C．pleased D．worried 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Climbing up rocks was one of my favorite parts. Even though I fell a couple of times, I still had a lot of fun.”可知，攀岩是作者最喜欢的项目，作者从中体会到了许多乐趣。C项意为“高兴的”，符合语境，故C项正确。‎ ‎6．According to the passage, Yosemite ________.‎ A．is crowded with visitors every day B．is the only great national park C．is worth travelling to D．is nothing but a common destination 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句“It actually ended ‎ up being a fun and adventurous experience.”和第二段的第一句以及最后一段的内容可知，去约塞米蒂国家公园是一次快乐而冒险的经历；据此可知，约塞米蒂国家公园值得一游。‎ ‎7．The author suggests ________.‎ A．keeping a good bond with other people B．visiting Yosemite now and then C．trying to protect the environment D．going out to enjoy the beauty of nature 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“I highly recommend going out and enjoying nature with family and friends”可知，作者建议我们到外面去欣赏大自然的风光，故D项正确。‎ C Most of the sandstorms that had swept China last year came from foreign land, a Chinese official in charge of desertification (荒漠化) control said on Monday. And the invasions (入侵) could partly explain the frequent sandstorms in the country in recent years despite its achievements in desertification control.‎ Since the start of last spring, the north and northwestern Chinese regions had been hit by 17 sandstorms, of which, a dozen came from foreign land. ‎ Situated in the centralAsia sandstorm region, one of the world's four largest sandstorm sources, China also suffers from sandstorms from outside the country while being blamed as a sand source to northeast Asia. The other three major sources are in Africa, North America and Australia.‎ The land suffering from desertification has been decreasing by 7,585 square kilometres annually in China, and the area of sandy land has also been falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year.‎ The shrinkage (收缩) forms a clear contrast to the fact that the land suffering from desertification and sandy feature was added by 10,400 square kilometres and 3,436 square kilometres late last century, respectively. ‎ Currently, the desertification land in China makes up 2.64 million square kilometres, accounting for 27.46 percent of the nation's land, and its sandy land totals 1.74 million square kilometres, accounting for 18.1 percent of the country's total. ‎ 语篇解读：近年来中国遭受严重的风沙袭击，而中国也被认为是风沙的来源之一，经过努力中国在治沙方面取得显著的效果。‎ ‎8．What does the underlined word “decreasing” mean in Paragraph 4?‎ A．Going down. B．Going up.‎ C．Coming from. D．Taking up.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第四段最后的“has also been falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year”可知，该词的意思是“减少”，与“falling”的意思接近，故选A项。‎ ‎9．Where do most of the sandstorms in China come from?‎ A．The northwestern Chinese regions.‎ B．The northern Chinese regions.‎ C．The western part of China.‎ D．Foreign countries.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段提到“Most of the sandstorms that had ... control said on Monday.”去年袭击中国的沙尘暴来自外国，故选D项。‎ ‎10．Which of the following is believed to be the sand source to northeast Asia?‎ A．Mongolia. B．Africa.‎ C．China. D．Australia.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段“China also suffers from sandstorms ... sand source to northeast Asia”可知中国被认为是东北亚风沙的来源地，故选C项。‎ ‎11．What can we infer from this passage?‎ A．The land in China suffering from desertification has been increasing greatly.‎ B．China has made achievements in its own desertification control.‎ C．The desertification land makes up nearly half of China's territory.‎ D．Little progress has been made in controlling desertification in China.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第四段提到“The land suffering from ... falling by 1,284 square kilometres a year.”遭受风沙袭击的土地每年减少7 585平方公里，沙地的区域每年减少了1 284平方公里，故可知控制沙漠化取得了成效，故选B项。‎ D The more I have thought about what I believe now, the more certain I have become that it is what I have been taught to believe in my boyhood and university.‎ I have been blessed with great teachers. The first and greatest of them were my mother and father. As black people of quite modest means in an often hostile (怀敌意的) environment in Georgia, they suffered a lot because their skins were of such color. Through saving and hard work, they had provided for us children a modest but spotless and attractive home. Neither envy nor hostility of others ever caused them to change ‎ their ethical behavior they had established for themselves and their children.‎ The second body of teachers were the idealistic, courageous men and women who had given up better and safer jobs in the North to teach in southern schools like Atlanta University, from which my five sisters, my brother, and I graduated. Both my parents and they were devoted to the principle that compromise is not only evil, but in the long run does not pay.‎ A second article of faith which I believe in is that love of one's fellow human beings can conquer whatever barriers he faces. In travelling, I have seen again and again what misery and degradation (堕落) of the human spirit hate has brought to mankind. Its damaging effect has been so horrible, which convinces me that the codes of behavior given us by Gandhi offer the only hope of our survival.‎ Therefore, I believe that no human being should ever be judged on the basis of race, sex, religion, economic status, or place of birth. To measure any man, or to accept or reject him as friend by any other standard than his individual worth, is to deny oneself the vast benefits which come from knowing fellow human beings as fellow human beings.‎ Finally, I believe it is necessary that we recapture (拿回) that passion for human equality and justice, which inspired the early American settlers to create a world of moral behaviors to replace uncivilized ones.‎ 语篇解读：作者认为他所坚信的信念受益于自己的父母和大学教师，这些信念包括坚韧、平等的爱和公平与正义。‎ ‎12．What can we know about the author's childhood?‎ A．He grew up in a violent environment.‎ B．He lived a hard life in his childhood.‎ C．His family had to suffer from color prejudice in Georgia.‎ D．His hometown is a place where black people were cruelly treated.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“they suffered a lot because their skins were of such color”可知，在佐治亚州他们不得不面对周围人们对有色人种的歧视态度。‎ ‎13．Which of the following words can best describe the author's parents?‎ A．Modest and stubborn.‎ B．Struggling and firm.‎ C．Idealistic and courageous.‎ D．Saving and overcautious.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者的父母勤俭节约，工作刻苦，同时又坚信自己的道德信条，别人的嫉妒和敌视都无法改变他们，因此刻苦和坚强两个特征符合作者父母的品性。‎ ‎14．Why does the author mention Gandhi in Paragraph 4?‎ A．To show his admiration to Gandhi.‎ B．To remind people of memorizing this great man.‎ C．To show us the importance of having the right belief.‎ D．To show the necessity of removing the cause of war.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段的“the codes of behavior given us by Gandhi offer the only hope of our survival”可知，作者认为甘地给予我们的行为准则才是我们唯一生存下去的希望，是重要而正确的。‎ ‎15．What does the last but one paragraph mainly tell us?‎ A．Universal standard does exist.‎ B．Not all individuals can benefit us.‎ C．Humans are born with good nature.‎ D．Individuals should be treated equally.‎ 解析：选D　段落大意题。在倒数第二段中，作者认为外在的自然和社会特征不是评判一个人的标准，以任何个人价值以外的标准对一个人进行评判都会让我们无法获益，总而言之，我们应该把人当人看，即公平对待每一个人。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Do you still remember the haze in the winter? So many people got terribly ill during or after the haze. __1__ Here is advice for you to protect yourself in hazy weather.‎ Spend less time outdoors.‎ This is the most effective way for selfprotection in such bad weather. With PM 2.5 increasing 103 mg per cubic meter, residents will risk a 2.29% increase of death, which experts found out in 2012. If you have to get out, avoid riding bicycles. __2__‎ Close your windows.‎ Experts advise residents to avoid opening windows at home; if you have to, avoid the time when smog is at its thickest. __3__ Besides, you can keep plants with broad leaves at home to reduce levels of dust, and use air purifiers.‎ Smoke less.‎ ‎__4__ In hazy weather, smoking would be even more harmful. Smokers are advised to keep their distance from cigarettes before the weather gets better.‎ ‎__5__‎ For example, wear special masks outside to avoid breathing in PM 2.5. Then take off your coat after getting indoors and keep it away from ‎ your other clean clothes. Don't forget to wash your face, rinse your mouth, and clean your nasal cavity (鼻腔) to clean the particulate matters (颗粒物) that fall on you. Last but not least, keep off stimulating foods.‎ A．Wear masks.‎ B．Pay attention to other daily things.‎ C．Also avoid rush hours, when pollutants will be thicker.‎ D．That's because haze does harm to the health of people.‎ E．Cigarettes could cause more particulate matters, which are included in PM 2.5.‎ F．Take more fruits and vegetables instead, which are good for the lung, spleen and kidney.‎ G．For residents who use air conditioners, make sure your apartment has enough oxygen indoors.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。冬季的雾霾非常可怕，那么我们如何远离雾霾来保护自己呢？‎ ‎1．选D　根据上文中的“So many people got terribly ill during or after the haze.”可知，很多人因雾霾得了重病，那么接下来就会交代得病的原因，因此选D项“那是因为雾霾对人们的健康有害”。‎ ‎2．选C　空格前提到“avoid riding bicycles”，而C项中提到“Also avoid”，此题可用同词复现的方法解题。因此选择C项。‎ ‎3．选G　根据本段的小标题可知，本段应该讲如何保持良好的室内空气条件，因此只能选择G项，而且前文提到关窗了，因此用空调的人应该确保室内有充足的氧气。‎ ‎4．选E　本段小标题“Smoke less”中的“Smoke”与E项中的“Cigarettes”相对应，空格前提出要少吸烟，接下来交代其原因，故选E项。‎ ‎5．选B　根据上下文可推知本题要选小标题。本段出现了“wear special masks”“take off your coat”“wash your face”等，都是日常所做的事情，因此本段小标题应选B项“注意其他日常的事情”。‎