2020届译林版高中英语复习必修5学案：Unit1Gettingalongwithothers

2020届译林版高中英语复习必修5学案：Unit1Gettingalongwithothers

‎ ‎ Unit 1 Getting along with others 一、课前基础自查 ‎(一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)‎ ‎1．identity n．　　　　　　　身份 ‎2．absurd adj. 荒唐的，怪诞的 ‎3．sincerely adv. 真诚地 ‎4．superb adj. 极佳的；卓越的 ‎5．cheerful adj. 愉快的，高兴的；令人愉快的 ‎6．awkward adj. 令人尴尬的，别扭的；笨拙的 ‎7．childhood n. 童年，幼年 ‎8．spy vi. 从事间谍活动；搜集情报 n. 间谍 ‎9．athletic adj. 擅长运动的；健壮的 ‎10．cruel adj. 伤人的；残酷的，残忍的 ‎11．dislike vt. 不喜欢，厌恶 ‎12．topic n. 话题 ‎13．pace n. 速度；步伐；节奏 ‎2.remark n．& vi.　　　评论，谈论 ‎3．pretend vi.& vt. 假装；装扮，扮作 ‎4．focus vi.& vt. 集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦 n. 焦点；重点 ‎5．sensitive adj. 易生气的；敏感的；体贴的 ‎6．overcome vt. 克服，解决 ‎7．mercy n. 宽恕；仁慈 ‎8．gifted adj. 有天赋的，有天才的 ‎9．blame vt. 责备，指责 n. (坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责 ‎10．cautious adj. 小心的，谨慎的 ‎11．quarrel n．& vi. 争吵，争执 ‎12．attitude n. 态度，看法 ‎13．betray vt. 出卖，背叛 ‎14．swear vt.& vi. 发誓；郑重承诺；咒骂，说脏话 ‎14．truly adv. 真诚地，诚恳地，衷心地 ‎15．acquaintance n. 泛泛之交，熟人；‎ ‎ 略有交情，(与某人)认识 Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)‎ ‎1．eager adj. 热切的，急不可待的 ‎15．pause vi.& n. 停顿，暂停 ‎16．envy n. 羡慕，忌妒 ‎17．guilty adj. 内疚的；有罪的 ‎18．apologize vi. 道歉 ‎ Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)‎ ‎1．admit vt.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳→admission n．承认；进入；许可 ‎2．forgive vt.原谅，宽恕→forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕 ‎3．manner n．方式；态度，举止→manners n．礼貌 ‎4．argue vi.& vt.争吵；争论；主张，说服→argument n．争辩，争论 ‎5．disagreement n．分歧，争论，意见不一→disagree vi.不同意，有分歧 ‎6．amusement n．娱乐，消遣→amuse vt.娱乐，消遣；使发笑→amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的→amused adj.逗乐的；觉得好笑的 ‎7．hopeless adj.没有好转希望的，无望的；糟透的→hope n．& v．希望→hopeful adj.有希望的→hopefully adv.有希望地，有前途地 ‎8．adolescent adj.青春期的n.青少年→adolescence n．青春期 ‎9．respond vi.做出反应，回应→response n．回答；反应 ‎10．committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的→commit vt.犯罪，做错事；把……交托给；使……承担义务→commitment n．承诺，保证；委托；承担义务 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．My cousin did very well in the College Entrance Examination, so he gained admission into Beijing University. His abilities were admitted by his family and relatives.(admit)‎ ‎2．Don't speak to your father in this manner,_or others will say you have bad manners.(manner)‎ ‎3．Jim is in an argument with his landlord downstairs, who argues that she didn't steal his money.(argue)‎ ‎4．Experts disagreed on where to build a bridge and the disagreement led to the delay of the project.(disagree)‎ ‎5．In the amusement park, the monkey's amusing movements made everybody present amused.(amuse)‎ ‎6．Adolescence is an important period between childhood and manhood. Parents should communicate more with an adolescent.(adolescent)‎ ‎7．Hopefully,_after three years' training abroad, the hopeless athlete became hopeful in sports field.(hope)‎ ‎8．Tony is committed to selling the products, because he has made a strong commitment to his boss.(commit)‎ ‎(二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.spy_on　　　　　　　　暗中监视，窥探 ‎2．keep_pace_with (与……)步调一致，‎ ‎(与……)同步 ‎3．before_long 不久，很快 ‎4．get_through (用电话)接通 ‎5．be_based_on 以……为根据，以……为基础 ‎6．regardless_of 不管，不顾 ‎7．end_up 最后成为；最终处于 ‎8．rely_on 依靠，依赖 ‎9．thanks_to 幸亏；由于 ‎10．keep_one's_word 遵守诺言 ‎11．stay_up 熬夜，挺住 ‎12．in_advance 事先，提前 ‎13．can't_help_doing_sth. 情不自禁做某事 ‎14．in_one's_opinion 在某人看来 ‎15．feel_like_doing_... 想要做……‎ ‎16．be_cautious_about 对……谨慎；对……小心 ‎17．in_conclusion 总之 ‎18．look_back_on 回顾，回首 ‎1.There should be so many great changes happening in my hometown that I can't_help being proud of it.‎ ‎2．The little boy walked slowly and couldn't keep_pace_with his elder brother.‎ ‎3．We were tired of waiting and hoped the bus would come before_long.‎ ‎4．I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldn't get_through (to you)．‎ ‎5．You must keep_your_word if you want to be trusted.‎ ‎6．The service is on offer to all family members regardless_of age.‎ ‎7．If you don't work hard, you'll end_up nowhere.‎ ‎8．It was thanks_to your timely help that we accomplished the task on time.‎ ‎9．With his help, everything has been fixed in_advance.‎ ‎10．He could only rely_on working as a waiter to live, but the hard life did not make him give up his passion for music.‎ ‎(三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 ‎1.I don't think I can ever truly forgive her.‎ 我认为我永远不会真正地原谅她。‎ I don't think/believe ...为否定转移结构。‎ ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)如果你错过了这个机会，我想你再也没有机会和优秀的球员比赛了。‎ If you miss this chance, I_don't_think_you_will_have a second chance to play with outstanding players.‎ ‎2.Football is very important to me, but so is our friendship.‎ 足球对我很重要，但是我们的友谊也很重要。‎ ‎“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋主语”表示前面肯定的情况也适用于后者。‎ ‎(2015·广东高考满分作文)每个班都有自身的问题，我的班也一样。‎ Every class has its own problems, and so_does_mine. ‎ ‎3.When asked, they usually hesitate before responding, ‘My best friend? ...’‎ 当被问及这个问题的时候，他们往往在回答之前都要犹豫一下，“我最好的朋友？……”‎ ‎“连词＋过去分词”作状语，是状语从句的省略形式。‎ ‎(2017·浙江高考满分作文)按计划，我们将在七点钟在学校大门口乘公交车出发。‎ As_planned,_we will leave by bus at 7：00 am at the school gate.‎ 二、课堂重点深化 ‎1．pretend vt.& vi.假装；装扮，扮作 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He often pretends to_be_working (work) when actually he is just wasting time online.‎ ‎②Don't pretend to_know (know) what you don't know.‎ ‎③When mother came back, I pretended to_have_fallen (fall) asleep.‎ ‎④She opened a book, pretending (pretend) to read, with tears dropping on the open page.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ pretend ‎　[重点强化]‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑤The children pretended to be different animals and danced to the music in the play.‎ 扮演 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2011·安徽高考书面表达)当我在学习中遇到难题时，我会向同学或老师求助，而不是不懂装懂。‎ When_I_am_faced_with_difficulties_in_learning,_I_won't_pretend_to_have_known_it,_but_turn_to_my_classmates_or_teachers.‎ ‎[名师指津]　和pretend用法类似(后接to do/to be doing/to have done)的动词还有happen, appear, seem, claim等及be said to结构。‎ ‎2．admit vt.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳；容纳 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Much to my relief, my son was eventually admitted to/into a key university.‎ ‎②You should have the courage to admit making/having_made (make) mistakes.‎ ‎③Gates open at 10：30 am and admission (admit) is free.‎ 完成句子 ‎④The boy admitted_cheating/having_cheated_in_the_exam(承认在考试中作弊); he would never do that again.‎ ‎⑤Being_admitted_to_the_university (被大学录取) is just the beginning and you will have a long way to go ahead of you.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)admit sb./sth. to be＋n./adj. 承认某人/某物是……‎ admit doing/having done/that ... 承认做过……‎ admit (to sb.) that ...　 (向某人)承认…… ‎ ‎(2)admit sb. to/into ... 准许某人进入(加入)/入学(入院)‎ be admitted to/into 被接收(入学/入院/入党等)‎ ‎(3)admission n. 准许进入；入场费；承认 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑥The dining hall to be completed next month can admit 1,000 students.容纳 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2014·四川高考书面表达)因此，我有足够的理由相信，我被最喜欢的大学录取的梦想将会实现。‎ Consequently,_I_have_every_right_to_believe_that_my_dream_to_be_admitted_to/into_my_favorite_university_will_come_true.‎ ‎3．forgive (forgave, forgiven) vt.原谅，宽恕 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①We forgave him for being rude as he was so young.‎ ‎②Tom forgave his little sister for destroying (destroy) his toy car.‎ ‎③Please forgive my interrupting (interrupt) your conversation.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ forgive sb. sth.　　　　　　 原谅某人某事 forgive one's doing sth. 原谅某人做了某事 forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做了)某事 forgive and forget 摒弃前嫌 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎④Believe it or not, I'll forgive you the debt.免除(债务)‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2012·江苏高考书面表达)摒弃前嫌也是一种美德，尤其是在竞争如此激烈、压力如此沉重的社会中。‎ It_is_also_a_virtue_to_forgive_and_forget,_especially_in_such_a_competitive_and_stressful_society.‎ ‎4．focus vi.& vt.集中注意力于……；(使)聚焦 n．焦点；重点；(镜头的)焦距 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you.‎ ‎②With so many people focusing their (they) eyes on him, he felt very nervous.‎ 完成句子 ‎③When you are trying to focus_on/upon (全神贯注于) what you are reading, you need to be in a comfortable seat in a quiet room.‎ ‎④Health and environmental problems have increasingly become the focus of attention/concern (关注的焦点)．‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)focus on/upon　　 集中于；重点在 focus one's eyes/attention/mind on ...‎ ‎ 把某人的视线/注意力/心思集中到……上 ‎(2)the focus of ... ……的焦点 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑤With his attention focused at his homework, he forgot all about what I had told him.at→on 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2014·安徽高考书面表达)由于一直很焦虑，我一次无法保持超过半小时的注意力。‎ Anxious_all_the_time,_I_was_unable_to_keep_focused_for_more_than_half_an_hour_at_a_time.‎ ‎5．argue vi.争吵，争论vi.& vt.辩论；主张；说服 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different.‎ ‎②It is beyond argument (argue) that the book belongs to me.‎ ‎③He was arguing with his brother about/over how they should spend the money.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人争论某事 argue for/against sth. 赞成/反对某事 argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事 argue that ... 主张/认为……‎ ‎(2)argument n. 争论，辩论；论据，论点 beyond argument 无可争辩 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④She argues that wild animals are left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.are→be 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2014·重庆高考书面表达)我主张我们每个人都应该尽力帮助那些有需要的人。‎ I_argue_that_every_one_of_us_should_try_our_best_to_help_those_in_need.‎ ‎[名师指津]　(1)argue that ...意为“主张……”时，that引导的从句中谓语动词常使用虚拟语气，即“(should＋) do”的形式。‎ ‎(2)“说服某人做某事”的其他表达形式：‎ ‎①persuade sb.to do sth.　　　②persuade sb.into doing sth.‎ ‎③convince sb.to do sth. ④talk sb.into doing sth.‎ ‎6．apologize vi.道歉；辩白 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 句型转换 ‎ ‎①If you are really wrong, you should apologize to your roommate.‎ ‎→If you are really wrong, you should make an apology to your roommate.‎ 完成句子 ‎②Please accept_our_apology for the inconvenience this matter has given you.‎ 对此事给您带来的不便，请接受我们的歉意。‎ ‎③(2016·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)I owe_you_an_apology for the fact that I cannot go to the bookstore with you on Friday afternoon.‎ 我应向你道歉，星期五下午不能和你一起去书店了。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉 ‎(2)apology n. 道歉 make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉 accept/refuse one's apology 接受/拒绝某人的道歉 owe sb. an apology 应向某人道歉 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④You should make apology to her for your carelessness.make后加an 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2013·山东高考书面表达)我写这封信是为没有及时给你回信表示歉意。‎ I'm writing this letter to express my apology to you for not writing you back in time.‎ ‎7．blame vt.责备，指责；把……归咎于n.(坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 对比填空(for/on)‎ ‎①She blamed her husband for the failure of their marriage.‎ ‎②She blamed the failure of their marriage on her husband.‎ ‎③She laid the blame for the failure of their marriage on her husband.‎ 完成句子 ‎④I am_not_to_blame_for my laziness, mum.I'm what you have made me.‎ 妈妈，你不该责备我懒惰。我这么懒也是你娇惯出来的。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)blame sb. for sth.　　　　　　 因某事而责备某人 blame sth. on sb. 把某事怪到某人头上 be to blame (for ...) (对某事)负有责任(用主动形式表示被动意义)‎ ‎(2)put/lay the blame for sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人身上 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑤It is you rather than he that are blamed for the terrible accident. blamed→to_blame 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2012·江苏高考书面表达)说实话，这是苏的错，但李也应该负有责任。‎ To_be_honest,_it_was_Su's_fault_but_Li_was_also_to_blame.‎ ‎[名师指津]　be to blame短语中blame不能用被动形式，该短语为主动形式表示被动含义。‎ ‎8．respond vi.做出反应，回应vt.& vi.回答 ‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Don't respond to any emails requesting personal information, no matter how official they look.‎ ‎②He always takes the lead in response (respond) to the government's call.‎ 句型转换 ‎③Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to respond to it.‎ ‎→Receiving a message doesn't mean you need to make a response to it.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)respond to　　　　　　 答复……；对……做出反应 ‎(2)response n. 回应，反应，回答 in response to 对……做出反应 make a response to 对……做出回应 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④He contributed one hundred dollars in response of my request.of→to 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2011·湖北高考书面表达)团队合作教会我们要有耐心，以及如何回应不同的人。‎ Teamwork_teaches_us_to_be_patient_and_how_to_respond_to_different_people.‎ ‎[名师指津]　respond to, in response to, make a response to中的to都是介词，后接名词、代词或v.ing形式。‎ ‎1．get through(用电话)接通；穿过；通过(考试、议案等)；做完，完成；到达；用完；熬过(困境)‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ go through　　　　　 经历，经受；仔细检查；完成；通过 look through 浏览；翻阅 see through 看穿，识破 break through 突破(障碍)‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)‎ ‎①When you have finished your list of personal preferences, go_through it again.‎ ‎②I have looked_through all my papers but I still can't find my notes.‎ ‎③Scientists hope to break_through soon in their fight against heart disease.‎ ‎④We got_through all our usual Friday jobs list with his help ahead of time.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2010·湖北高考书面表达)微笑可以帮助我们度过困难的处境，并在满是陌生人的世界中找到朋友。‎ A_smile_can_help_us_get_through_difficult_situations_and_find_friends_in_a_world_of_strangers.‎ ‎　2.regardless of 不管，不顾 ‎[系统归纳]‎ regardless of ＝ in spite of ＝ despite　　 尽管，虽然 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 单句语法填空/完成句子 ‎①Regardless of being badly hurt, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.‎ ‎②Our club is open to everyone regardless of/in_ spite of/despite age,_sex or education background (不管年龄、性别或教育背景)．‎ 佳句时时写 ‎③(2016·江苏高考书面表达)此外，互联网使得调查和投票变得简单方便，不用考虑时间、空间。‎ In_addition,_the_Internet_makes_surveying_and_voting_easy_and_convenient,_regardless_of_time_and_space.‎ ‎3．end up最后成为；最终处于 ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)end (up) in　　　 　　 以……告终，结果为……‎ end (up) with 以……结束(指以某种方式结束)‎ end up as 作为……而结束 end up doing sth. 结果做某事 ‎(2)come to an end 结束 put/bring an end to 结束……‎ in the end 最后，终于 on end 竖立；笔直地；连续地 make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)‎ ‎①The football match came_to_an_end, and the crowd soon cleared away from the ground.‎ ‎②It's hoped that the talks may bring_an_end_to the violence in schools.‎ ‎③If he does not find a cheaper apartment soon he won't be able to make_both_ends_meet.‎ ‎④We had hardly anything to eat for days on_end.‎ ‎⑤Ice becomes smaller and smaller until in_the_end it disappears completely.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2012·陕西高考书面表达)整节课在我们开心的笑声和真诚的祝贺中结束。‎ The_whole_class_ended_up_in_our_happy_laughter_and_sincere_congratulations.‎ ‎[名师指津]　come to an end为不及物动词短语，后面不能接宾语，接宾语时需用bring sth.to an end或put/bring an end to sth.。‎ ‎4．rely on依靠，依赖；信任 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Learn to rely on yourself first, then others.‎ ‎②You may rely on it that she won't be late.‎ ‎③We rely heavily on computers to_organize (organize) our work.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ rely on sb./sth. to do sth.　 指望/相信某人/某物做某事 rely on (doing) sth. 依赖/信任/指望(做)某事 rely on it that ... 相信……；指望……‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④You can rely on that he will come to help you.on后加it 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2013·福建高考书面表达)如今父母为他们的独生子女做了一切，这让孩子们严重依赖父母。‎ Nowadays_parents_have_done_everything_for_their_only_child,_which_makes_the_children_rely_on_their_parents_badly.‎ ‎[名师指津]　rely on后跟that从句时，常在从句之前加it，有类似用法的动词(短语)还有：love, like, appreciate, hate, depend on, see to等。‎ ‎5．否定转移 ‎　[教材原句]　I don't think I can ever truly forgive her.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①I_don't_think it's fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them.‎ 我认为当我们对它们了解有限时把它们当成宠物是不公平的。‎ ‎②I_don't_believe you should force people to help others — the desire to help must come from the heart.‎ 我认为你不应该强迫人们帮助别人——帮助别人的欲望应该发自于内心。‎ ‎③I don't suppose that the man can finish the work on time, can_he?‎ 我认为这个人不能按时完成这项工作，对吗？‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 否定转移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，此时，主句必须同时满足三个条件：‎ ‎(1)主语是第一人称I或we；‎ ‎(2)主句谓语是一般现在时；‎ ‎(3)谓语动词应是think，believe，suppose，guess，expect, imagine等。‎ 注意事项 由think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句，在构成反意疑问句时，视情况有不同的表达形式：‎ ‎(1)当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的反意疑问句的主、谓语应与从句保持一致。‎ ‎(2)当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的反意疑问句的主、谓语应与主句保持一致。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(增分要点句)(2013·湖南高考书面表达)I don't think winning the match is the most important; Instead, I think that friendship comes first, and a match comes second.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)(2012·福建高考书面表达)I don't think it is right for all of us to ignore our behavior in public places.‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．When his mother came in, he pretended (假装) to be doing his homework.‎ ‎2．The teacher remarked (评论) that the article was well written.‎ ‎3．By focusing (注重) on saving oil, water, paper, food and clothing, we are playing a part in cutting down on waste.‎ ‎4．There's no doubt that the consumers are still very sensitive (敏感的) to the price.‎ ‎5．Once you form the habit of blaming (指责) somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a loser.‎ ‎6．Despite such a big difference in attitude (看法) towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the West regard the Chinese food as something special.‎ ‎7．He was even more cautious (谨慎的) than ever, and did his utmost to win the trust and favour of the superior.‎ ‎8．If you export nothing but raw materials, you will be at the mercy (怜悯) of world prices.‎ ‎9．Without pausing (停顿) for breath he walked straight to the office.‎ ‎10．She is new here, so naturally she is eager (热切的) for friendship.‎ ‎11．I knocked on the door and tried to wake up the children，but they didn't respond (回应) at all.‎ ‎12．He admitted (承认) having taken the money but promised never to do it again.‎ ‎13．I feel sorry for my behavior yesterday and please accept my sincere apology (道歉)．‎ ‎14．I will have to argue (争论) this out with you another time.‎ ‎15．He said he felt betrayed (背叛) by his friend John at first.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．I thought we'd be late for the concert; however, we ended up_getting (get) there ahead of time.‎ ‎2．All her energies are_focused (focus) on her children and she seems to have little time for anything else.‎ ‎3．The passenger apologized to Angie O'Edema because he spoke very loudly on his phone.‎ ‎4．When the villagers were about to kill the bandit (山贼), he begged them to have mercy on him.‎ ‎5．I'm eager to_improve (improve) my oral English. I think I can improve it with your help.‎ ‎6．To our amusement (amuse), they had a quarrel about such a small thing.‎ ‎7．I truly (true) hope that you can take my suggestions into full consideration.‎ ‎8．It's bad manners to remark on/upon the appearance of others.‎ ‎9．—Jack got drowned in the lake and was in hospital yesterday.‎ ‎—Sorry to hear that. I'm told he often goes swimming alone regardless of his mother's objection.‎ ‎10. You may rely on_it_that we will cooperate with you closely.‎ ‎11．There were so many cars in the street that I couldn't get through.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．With his mind focusing on the things not related to his studies, his marks have fallen rapidly.focusing→focused ‎2．I sincere hope you can give me a chance. I'm looking forward to your early reply.sincere→sincerely ‎3．There is no doubt that it's you who should be blamed for the broken door.blamed→to_blame ‎4．The teacher made a remark of the high grades the class received on the test.of→on/about ‎5．Believe it or not, your attitude for money is more important than how much you have.for→to/towards ‎6．Basing on the life in Shanghai in the 1930s, the film attracted a lot of attention.Basing→Based ‎7．As a young man in a rapidly developed society, you should keep a pace with times.去掉keep后的a ‎8．Once made out, the law must be carried out regardless to any difficulty.to→of ‎9．It's good manner to say hello to the old in the street.manner→manners ‎10．What surprised me was that he responded so quickly on my email.on→to Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．You don't suppose it will be all right, do_you?‎ 你认为事情不会顺利的，对吗？ ‎ ‎2．If you don't follow my advice, you_will_end_up_in_failure.‎ 如果你不听我的建议，你最终会失败的。‎ ‎3．He pretends_to_be_defeated;_actually, he is actively preparing for a counterattack.‎ 他佯装被打败，其实是在积极准备反击。‎ ‎4．You may rely_on_it_that the work will be finished ahead of time.‎ 你可以放心，这项工作将提前完成。‎ ‎5．I can't_help_feeling_sorry for the poor man.‎ 我不禁为这个可怜的人感到难过。‎ ‎6．He blamed_the_failure_of_his_exam_on the teacher.‎ 他把考试失败归咎于老师。‎ 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与社会”中的“良好的人际关系”子话题相对应 一、话题语素积累多一点 子话题——良好的人际关系 ‎(一)浅易词汇温一温 ‎①friendly　　　 ②grateful　　 ③honest　　 ④easygoing ‎⑤interesting ⑥quiet ⑦shy ⑧hardworking ‎⑨strict ⑩proud ⑪patient ⑫peaceful ‎⑬selfish ⑭generous ⑮sincere ⑯precious ‎⑰voluntary ⑱welcome ⑲friend ⑳relationship request honesty kindness trust understanding fight respect defensive understand satisfaction admit respectful ‎(二)生疏词汇记一记 ‎①harmony n．和睦，和谐　　 ②harmonious adj.和谐的 ‎③considerate adj.体贴的 ④admirable adj.值得赞赏的 ‎⑤enthusiastic adj.热情的 ⑥modest adj.谦虚的；谦逊的 ‎⑦reliable adj.可信赖的 ⑧familiar adj.熟悉的 ‎⑨conscience n．良心；良知 ⑩broadminded adj.心胸开阔的 ‎⑪tolerance n．忍受 ⑫prejudice n．偏见，成见 ‎⑬consult vt.请教；商量 ⑭appreciate vt.欣赏；感激 ‎⑮promote vt.促进；提升 ⑯abandon vt.抛弃，舍弃，放弃 ‎⑰abuse vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用 ⑱conflict n．冲突 ‎⑲embarrass vt.使尴尬 ⑳misunderstand vt.误会 bother vt.打扰；麻烦 forgive vt.原谅 unavoidable adj.不可避免的 ‎(三)常用词块忆一忆 ‎①make friends　　　　　　　 交朋友 ‎②communicate with 与……交流 ‎③be ready to help others 乐于助人 ‎④be concerned for/about ... 对……担心/关心 ‎⑤share ...with ... 与……分享……‎ ‎⑥have ...in common 有共同之处 ‎⑦fit in with ... 与……相适应/相融洽 ‎⑧get on/along well with sb. 与某人相处融洽 ‎⑨be in harmony with ... 与……和谐相处/协调 ‎⑩be on good terms with sb. 与某人关系好 ‎⑪break up 分手；解散；结束 ‎⑫be bored with 厌烦 ‎⑬be fed up with 受够了 ‎⑭be to blame 应受责备 ‎⑮have words with ... 与……发生口角 ‎⑯in public 在公共场合 ‎⑰show concern for 关心……‎ ‎⑱help sb.with sth. 帮助某人某事 ‎⑲personal life 个人生活 ‎⑳offer to help 主动帮忙 ‎(四)写作佳句背一背 ‎①A man who has friends must show himself friendly.‎ ‎②It was your help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special and enjoyable.‎ ‎③As long as we obey the rules mentioned above, we will find it easy to get along well with our friends.‎ ‎④To build up real friendship, we should make friends with those who we can trust.‎ 二、话题书面表达亮一点 ‎　 假定你是李华，你的笔友Tom给你发来电子邮件，询问怎样才能与同学和睦相处。请你根据要点提示给Tom回一封电子邮件，提出你的建议。‎ ‎1．尊重别人；‎ ‎2．宽宏大量；‎ ‎3．原谅别人的过错。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．不要逐条翻译，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Tom，‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua ‎　　[写作4步走]‎ 第一步：句写对——给词写句 get along well with, relationship, be based on, understanding, respect, be sure to, be ready to, welcome, broadminded, mean, opinion, behaviour, forgive sb.'s faults, suggestion, helpful　　‎ ‎1．你问我该如何与其他同学和睦相处。‎ You_asked_me_how_you_should_get_along_well_with_other_students.‎ ‎2．我们应当牢记：良好的关系都是建立在理解的基础之上的。‎ We_should_remember_that_good_relationship_is_based_on_understanding.‎ ‎3．我们应该尊重别人。‎ We_should_respect_others.‎ ‎4．我们一定会获得他们的尊重。‎ We_are_sure_to_gain_their_respect.‎ ‎5．无论是谁，只要乐于助人，总是会受欢迎的。‎ Whoever__is_ready_to_help_others_is_always_welcome._‎ ‎6．我们应该胸怀宽广。‎ We_should_be_broadminded.‎ ‎7．这意味着要尊重别人的观点和行为。‎ It_means_that_we_should_respect_others'_opinions_and_behaviours.‎ ‎8．我们也应当学会原谅别人的过错。‎ We_should_also_learn_to_forgive_other_people's_faults.‎ ‎9．希望我的建议对你有所帮助。‎ I_hope_my_suggestions_will_be_helpful_to_you.‎ 第二步：量写够——语句扩充 ‎10．在句1中加入状语“在你上次的来信中”。‎ You_asked_me_how_you_should_get_along_well_with_other_students_in_your_last_letter.‎ ‎11．在句1后加入过渡句“我想给你提一些建议”。‎ I'd_like_to_give_you_some_suggestions.‎ ‎12．在句2“良好的关系”前加上限定词“任何”，并在“理解”之后加入并列成分“信任和尊重”。‎ We_should_remember_that_any_good_relationship_is_based_on_understanding,_trust_and_respect.‎ ‎13．在句3中加入并列成分“以诚待人”。‎ We_should_respect_others,_and_treat_them_sincerely.‎ ‎14．在句4中加入状语“作为回报”。‎ We_are_sure_to_gain_their_respect_in_return.‎ ‎15．在句7中加入定语“与我们不同的”修饰“观点和行为”。‎ It_means_that_we_should_respect_others'__opinions_and_behaviours_different_from_ours.‎ 第三步：语写美——词句升格 ‎16．用短语keep_in_mind升格句12中的remember。‎ ‎17．用“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式合并句13和句14。‎ Respect_others_and_treat_them_sincerely,_and_we_are_sure_to_gain_their_respect_in_return.‎ ‎18．用定语从句改写句5。‎ One_person_who_is_ready_to_help_others_is_always_welcome.‎ ‎ 19.用which引导的非限制性定语从句合并句6和句15。‎ We_should_be_broadminded,_which_means_that_we_should_respect_others'_opinions_and_behaviours_different_from_ours.‎ 第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文 可加入书信常用结尾句“Good luck with your new relationship with others！”并用衔接词here， firstly， secondly， thirdly等连句成文 Dear_Tom，‎ You_asked_me_how_you_should_get_along_well_with_other_students_in_your_last_letter._Here,_I'd_like_to_give_you_some_suggestions.‎ Firstly,_we_should_keep_it_in_mind_that_any_good_relationship_is_based_on_understanding,_trust_and_respect._Respect_others_and_treat_them_sincerely,_and_we_are_sure_to_gain_their_respect_in_return._Secondly,_one_person_who_is_ready_to_help_others_is_always_welcome._Thirdly,_we_should_be_broadminded,_which_means_that_we_should_respect_others'_opinions_and_behaviours_different_from_ours._We_should_also_learn_to_‎ forgive_other_people's_faults.I_hope_my_suggestions_will_be_helpful_to_you._Good_luck_with_your_new_relationship_with_others!‎ Yours，‎ Li_Hua Ⅰ.根据提示填空 Dear Han Fang，‎ How are you? I am doing fine here at university and I have made several good ❶friends (friend). I want to tell you about them.‎ My roommate, Wu Kang, is from Dalian. We ❷get_along_very_well (相处很好) because he is so ❸easygoing (随和的). We stay up at night and talk about many things. We have interesting ❹conversations (交谈；交往). Neither of us is quiet — that's for sure!‎ I have also made friends with my classmate Li Xiang, whose family is in Nanjing, just like ours. When we first ❺met (meet), I thought Li Xiang was quite shy because he didn't say much. But now I know that he is a very ❻friendly (friend) and honest person. We often study together and he ❼helps_me_with (在……方面帮助我) Maths. I am happy to have such a ❽hardworking (勤奋的) classmate.‎ Another friend I want to tell you about is Zhao Jie. He is very ❾humorous (humour) and loves telling jokes. He is training to be an athlete on the national team. I have no doubt he will succeed.‎ Please don't worry_about_ (担心) me. I am happy here and studying hard. I like my university very much.‎ Write back soon!‎ ‎　Ding Wei Ⅱ.片段选词填空 listener， honest， unavoidable， admit， respectful， relationship， request， offer， personal life， go a long way， generous， communicate with ‎ Living with a roommate can often seem complex and overwhelming (压倒性的), especially in high school. Fortunately, being a good roommate boils down to a few simple rules：‎ Be ❶respectful. Respect comes in all forms in a roommate ❷relationship. They'll communicate with you without opening their mouth. Respect the ❸requests your roommate makes of you, even if you think those requests are foolish. Respect your roommate's things, from his computer to his milk on the desk. And respect him as a person.‎ Be a good ❹listener. Sometimes, your roommate may want to talk to you about something he has going on in his ❺personal_life. Pay attention to him when he's communicating with you and truly hear what he has to say (even if it is through silence)．‎ Be clear and communicative. If you are feeling overwhelmed and just need to talk to your roommate for a little while, ask if he has a few minutes. Roommates aren't mind readers. It's important for you to ❻communicate_with your roommate in a genuine, clear, constructive way as often as possible.‎ Be ❼honest. Trying to ignore little problems will just make them grow until they get ❽unavoidable. Be honest about what you need as a roommate. In addition, if something happens that will affect your roommate, ❾admit_it. It's much better to be honest from the beginning than further damage a situation.‎ Be generous. You don't have to buy your roommate tons of things. Generosity comes in all kinds of forms. Offer to help in little ways, from adding their towel to your laundry to saving a piece of pizza from your own delivery (投递) when your roommate's up late somewhere else studying. A little generosity can go_a_long_way without costing you too much money or effort.‎ 一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心 Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空 ‎1．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Most of us are more focused on our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day.‎ ‎2．(2015·四川高考)Brian is gifted (gift) in writing music; he is very likely to be a Beethoven.‎ ‎3．(2015·天津高考)Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement (agree) has been reached so far by the two sides.‎ ‎4．(2015·浙江高考)These comments came in response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.‎ ‎5．(2015·北京高考)If accepted (accept) for the job, you'll be informed soon.‎ Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空 owe, admit, agree, thanks to, attitude, respond, before long　　‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)On March 19, Dennis got a group text informing him that a couple he didn't know were at the hospital, waiting for the arrival of a baby.‎ ‎“Congratulations! But I think someone was mistaken，”Dennis __46__.____________‎ ‎2．(2018·天津高考)Thinking hard about it, I came to realize that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were depending on me. I had to change my __24__ about their ability and potential.____________‎ ‎3．(2017·浙江高考)Her friends came to help her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant __46__ to hide some books.____________‎ ‎4．(2015·浙江高考)The thing is, a number of them have __26__ that despite their success, they aren't happy.____________‎ ‎5．(2015·北京高考)Dario's mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert.“I think maybe we __50__ you an apology，”she said.____________‎ ‎6．(2015·四川高考)I carefully extended a long carrot，with a keen eye on those teeth, and __19__， there were times I would have the groundhog sitting next to a rabbit, both munching (津津有味地咀嚼) on carrots.____________‎ ‎7．(2015·安徽高考)__40__ modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively.____________‎ 答案：1.responded　2.attitude　3.agreed　4.admitted ‎5．owe　6.before long　7.Thanks to 二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度 新高考下的命题新视角：处理好人与人之间的交流与沟通是作为社会一员的我们都应具备的生活技能，和谐、友好、积极的人际关系对于一个人的工作、生活和学习都是有益的，这也体现了素质教育对培养学生良好的人文情怀的要求。‎ ‎[话题感悟]‎ 学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深 ‎(加彩词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)‎ So many of us hold on to little complaints that may have come from an argument, a misunderstanding, the way we were raised, or some other horrible events. Stubbornly, we wait for someone else to reach out to us — believing this is the only way we can forgive or rekindle a friendship or family relationship.‎ A friend of mine recently told me that she hadn't spoken to her son in almost three years. She said that she and her son had had a disagreement about his wife and that she wouldn't speak to him again unless he called first. When I suggested that she be the one to reach out, she said, “I won't do that. He's the one who should apologize.” After a little gentle encouragement, however, she did decide to be the first one to reach out. To her amazement, her son was grateful for her willingness to call and offered an apology of his own. As in usually the case when someone takes the chance and reaches out, everyone wins.‎ Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn “small stuff (问题)” into really “big stuff” in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness. They are not. If you want to be a more peaceful person, you must understand that being right is almost never more important than allowing yourself to be happy. The way to be happy is to let go, and reach out. Let other people be right. This doesn't mean that you're wrong. Everything will be fine. You'll experience the peace of letting go, as well as the joy of letting others be right.‎ You'll also notice that, as you reach out and let others be “right”， they will become less defensive and more loving toward you. They might even reach back. But, if for some reason they don't, that's okay too. You'll have the inner satisfaction of knowing that you have done your part to create a more loving world, and certainly you'll be more peaceful yourself.‎ 语篇解读：生活中，有很多人在与别人发生争执、产生误会时，会等待别人先道歉。但文章告诉我们要先向对方道歉，释放内心的愤怒，从而享受心平气和的快乐。‎ ‎1．The underlined word “rekindle” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”．‎ A．recover　　　　　　　 B．develop C．accept D．replace 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，此处指我们等待别人来与我们主动沟通，相信这是原谅和修复一段友谊或家人关系的唯一方式。结合上文的forgive可猜测，rekindle意为“修复”，而recover的意思与之相近。故选A项。‎ ‎2．In the author's opinion, we hold on to our anger often because we think ________.‎ A．we can turn small issues into big ones B．our positions are higher than others'‎ C．our own opinions matter most D．others will be less defensive 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段前两句“Whenever we hold on to our anger, we turn ‘small stuff (问题)’ into really ‘big stuff’ in our minds. We start to believe that our positions are more important than our happiness.”可知，我们总是认为我们自己的看法比我们的快乐更重要，所以会保持愤怒不释放。故选C项。‎ ‎3．According to the passage, the best thing to do after a quarrel is to ________.‎ A．let go of our own rights B．realize that you are wrong C．expect others to give in D．apologize to others first 解析：‎ 选D　推理判断题。根据文章第二段的故事及最后一段可知，争吵之后要做的最好的事情是先向对方道歉。故选D项。‎ ‎4．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Be Peaceful B．Reach out and Give in C．Small and Big Stuff D．Enjoy Your Friendship 解析：选B　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了与人发生争执、产生误会时，要主动与别人沟通，并在第二段举例为证，因此，B项(主动沟通和作出让步)用作文章标题最合适。‎ 学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透 巧用3大方法确定文章标题 一个好的标题应具备三大特点：‎ ‎(1)概括性——准确而又简短；‎ ‎(2)针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；‎ ‎(3)醒目性——能引发读者的阅读欲望。‎ 因此有必要掌握以下三大方法：‎ ‎(1)正面肯定法：在理解文章主旨的基础上，揣摩哪个选项能准确概括主旨；‎ ‎(2)反面否定法：撇开原文，拿各个备选项去设想用它们写出来的“文章”将是什么内容，然后和原文章对照，一一排除不符选项；‎ ‎(3)研读备选项本身：研读备选项里面的中心词、修饰词的变化、结构、概括性等。‎ ‎ 不管是选择“标题”还是选择“主题”，实际上都要求考生从整体上理解文章的内容，找出贯穿语篇的主线。在试题设置上，三个干扰项的内容一般在文章中或多或少都有涉及，但并非文章的主要内容，需要注意甄别。‎ 例如上文第4小题，本文主要讲了与人发生争执、产生误会时，要主动与别人沟通，并在第二段举例为证，我们要抓住两个关键词“主动”“让步”，因此，B项用作文章标题最合适。‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2019·郑州质检)A day in the life of 18yearold David Lanster is full of typical teenage stuff: school, baseball practice and homework.And then he starts cooking.“Some nights I'm up until 1：00 a．m.making pies, or even later if we're cooking beef，” said the student at Ransom Everglades High School in Florida, US.‎ For the past year, Lanster and Kelly Moran, his classmate, have been hosting fancy dinner parties at Lanster's parents' home. Their meals have 17 courses and are all made by ‎ themselves. Their guests used to give them gifts to thank them until the pair decided to do something nice for charity (慈善事业)．“We got some really great Miami Heat tickets, a nice watch, and many kitchen gadgets (小器具)，” Lanster said.“But we wanted to make this something positive for people other than us.”‎ Lanster and Moran focus on Common Threads, a charity that aims to teach kids in poor communities to cook and make healthy eating choices.The young cooks ask their guests to give however much they want as payment for their meals.It all goes to Common Threads because Lanster's parents cover their food costs.After their last 12person event, Lanster and Moran gave ＄1,600 to the charity.‎ Now, they're taking their show out of the kitchen and on the road.They have started to organize private dinner parties with a similar model: the host pays for the ingredients, and the guests make a donation to a charity of their choice.‎ Without formal training, Lanster said he had been interested in cooking since he helped his mom in the kitchen when he was very young.He learned how to cook by reading cookbooks and watching TV programs.Outside the kitchen, the two are busy preparing their college applications. Neither of them is sure what they will do in the future, but they've promised their parents that they will leave professional cooking alone until they finish school.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了Lanster和Kelly Moran组织慈善捐赠的事迹。‎ ‎1．How is Lanster's life different from other teenagers' lives?‎ A．He plans to become a professional chef.‎ B．He plays baseball every day after school.‎ C．He goes to a cooking school in his spare time.‎ D．He holds dinner parties after a normal school day.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A day ...and homework.And then he starts cooking”及第二段的第一句可知，Lanster除了上学、练习棒球和做作业之外，他在正常的上学日之外还举办晚餐聚会。‎ ‎2．What will Lanster and Moran usually do after a private dinner party?‎ A．Receive thankyou cards from the guests.‎ B．Visit the poor children at Common Threads.‎ C．Ask the guests to donate money to the charity.‎ D．Cover the food costs with the money collected.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段的后三句可知，Lanster和Kelly Moran要求客人为饭菜随意付些钱，他们把这些钱捐给慈善机构。‎ ‎3．Which of the following words can best describe Lanster and Moran?‎ A．Ambitious. B．Generous.‎ C．Creative. D．Optimistic.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据文章的描述可知，Lanster和Kelly Moran做饭并请人们吃饭，把人们留下的饭钱捐赠给慈善组织，所以他们是慷慨的。‎ B ‎(2019·洛阳统考)I left England for Sydney in September. It was a career move for my husband, and our 20yearold daughter was feeling adventurous and decided to come, too. However, just before leaving England, my 79yearold mother suffered a stroke (中风). Being strong and independent, she continues to live at home with the help of social services. But she couldn't look after the garden. I thought how wonderful it would be if there was an organization offering volunteer help. Friends asked me what I planned to do in Australia, and I told them I would be looking for a volunteer position with a gardening charitable organization. Imagine my surprise when I found just the organization I had been looking for — Easy Care Gardening (ECG)!‎ There are several reasons why I volunteer for ECG. Firstly, as a newcomer to Australia I meet many great people who, like me, volunteer some of their time. We cover a large age range, but all love gardens and helping others.‎ Secondly, through working with ECG I have been lucky enough to explore Sydney's North Shore that I might not have had the opportunity to visit otherwise.‎ Finally, there are all those wonderful people who we call “clients (客户)”， but are more like friends when we visit them often and tend their gardens. What great people I have met, and stories they have to tell — the family histories, where they come from and the reasons for immigrating to Australia. I find it a privilege to have access to private gardens which, in many cases, have been the joy of their owners for many years. Each one is individual and reflects the character, needs and the history of each family. Indeed, the gardens reflect the multicultural and historical background of Sydney.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了作者移居悉尼后加入了Easy Care Gardening 组织，成了一名园艺志愿者的故事，以及作者加入这个组织的原因。‎ ‎4．Why did the author move to Sydney?‎ A．She planned to volunteer there.‎ B．Her husband would work there.‎ C．She was very keen on adventures.‎ D．She had to look after her sick mother.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was a career move for my husband”可知，作者移居悉尼是因为她丈夫的工作变动，故选B项。‎ ‎5．What made the author choose to be a gardening volunteer?‎ A．Her own experience. B．The tips of her friends.‎ C．The popularity of ECG. D．Her gardening skills.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的第三至五句可知，作者的母亲因为中风无法照料花园，因此作者希望有一个能提供园艺志愿服务的组织。所以，作者选择成为一名园艺志愿者是因为她自己的经历。故选A项。‎ ‎6．What do the volunteers at ECG have in common?‎ A．They make friends with their clients.‎ B．They like to explore Sydney's North Shore.‎ C．They are of similar age and background.‎ D．They are kindhearted with the same interest.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“We cover a large age range, but all love gardens and helping others”可知，ECG的志愿者虽然年龄跨度很大，但是都喜爱花园和帮助他人。D项“他们都很热心肠，有着同样的爱好”符合文意，故选D项。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “one” in the last paragraph refer to?‎ A．Client. B．Reason.‎ C．Garden. D．Joy.‎ 解析：选C　代词指代题。根据画线词所在句的前一句可知，作者觉得能够进入私人花园是一种特权，在许多情况下，私人花园都是花园主人的乐趣所在。根据语境和画线词所在句的前后句子中的“gardens”可知，“one”指的就是“garden”，故选C项。‎ C ‎(2019·重庆调研)A fiveyearold dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck.‎ The man, Bob, was alone when he left his Michigan farmhouse on New Year's Eve to collect firewood. Expecting a journey of only several meters, Bob was wearing just long johns (衬裤), a shirt and slippers when he went outside, although the temperature was around －4℃.‎ After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow. Fortunately, Kelsey came to his assistance.‎ ‎“I was shouting for help, but my nearest neighbor is about 400 meters away, and it was 10：30 pm，” Bob explained. “But my Kelsey came. By the next morning, my voice was gone and I couldn't yell for help, but Kelsey didn't stop barking.”‎ Kelsey's companion kept him warm by lying on top of him. She licked his face and hands to keep him awake. “Kelsey kept barking but never left my side，” Bob recalled. “She kept me warm. I knew I couldn't give up and that it was my choice to stay alive.”‎ Bob spent 20 hours in the freezing cold. When he finally lost consciousness, his dog kept ‎ barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob's neighbor discovered him at 6：30 pm on New Year's Day and called the emergency services at once. When Bob arrived in hospital, his body temperature was below 21℃. However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn't have any frostbite (冻疮). They believed it was because of Kelsey's determination to keep him warm. Dr. Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said, “Animals can help and his dog really saved him ... He was very fortunate.”‎ Bob said he was “enormously” grateful to both Dr. Colen and his Kelsey. “They saved my life. They are truly heroes！”‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述了一只叫Kelsey的狗狗在主人Bob不慎在雪地中滑倒伤到脖子无法动弹时，用身体为主人取暖，并且还不断吠叫希望能引起别人的注意，最终Bob获救的故事。‎ ‎8．What happened to Bob on New Year's Eve?‎ A．He left his dog alone in his farmhouse.‎ B．He was praised for saving a dog owner.‎ C．He broke his neck and couldn't move.‎ D．He heard his neighbor's shouting for help.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“who slipped in the snow and broke his neck”及第三段中的“After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow”可知，Bob在雪地中滑倒伤到了脖子，无法动弹。故选C项。‎ ‎9．Why did Kelsey keep barking?‎ A．To keep warm.‎ B．To stay alive.‎ C．To keep Bob awake.‎ D．To seek help from others.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句可推知，Kelsey一直吠叫的目的是找人来帮助主人，故选D项。‎ ‎10．How does Dr. Chaim Colen feel about Kelsey?‎ A．Helpful. B．Fortunate.‎ C．Grateful. D．Friendly.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可知，Chaim Colen医生认为动物能提供帮助，Bob的狗狗救了Bob，因此Chaim Colen医生认为Kelsey是有帮助的，故选A项。‎ ‎11．What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A．A Neckbreaking Accident B．The Magic Night C．Warmth on a Winter's Night D．Determination to Keep Alive 解析：选C　标题归纳题。通读全文内容并根据倒数第二段中的第五、六句可知，Bob在寒冷的夜里衣着单薄却没有任何冻疮是因为他的狗狗用身体不停地温暖他，故C项“冬夜里的温暖”作文章标题最合适。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2019·吉林长春模拟)Living with other people can be difficult, especially when each person has their own ideas about how they want to live.__1__Taking a few simple steps will help you share your living space harmoniously.‎ Discuss your expectations ahead of time.‎ ‎__2__. This applies to finances, food, possessions, use of common areas, loud activities or parties, quiet hours and so on.‎ Divide up responsibilities.‎ Make a plan to divide up responsibilities and chores (家常杂务) between you and your roommate. For example, if your roommate is a good cook and you are not, __3__. It may also be a good idea to set up a chores schedule, where you will take turns cleaning the bathroom, taking out the trash and so on.‎ ‎__4__.‎ Not everyone has the same ideas about day to day living as you do. Take your roommate's feelings into consideration. For instance, if you're dying to throw a party on Thursday night but your roommate has a final early the next morning, agree to postpone the party till Friday evening, instead.‎ Communicate effectively.‎ Communication is key in making the relationship work. If a problem comes up, it's better to talk about it right away than to ignore it. For example, say “Chris, it upsets me when I wake up to find all the milk gone. If you use the last of something, can you please add it to the list？” If you simply cannot communicate openly and there is tension all the time, __5__.‎ A．Be prepared to compromise B．Create a roommate agreement on Internet use C．ask him or her to cook if you'll clean up afterward D．you may as well find a new roommate E．Talk about what each of you needs and wants from the other in advance F．People may have different religious or political views that could cause conflict G．Though having a roommate can be challenging, it can also be enjoyable and fun 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了和室友和谐相处的几种方式。‎ ‎1．解析：选G　根据上文“Living with other people can be difficult”及后文“share your living space harmoniously”可知，此处应选择G，旨在引入与室友相处的正题。‎ ‎2．解析：选E　根据此段小标题中的ahead of time及E选项中的in advance可知，E选项是对本段小标题的进一步解读，可知答案为E。 ‎ ‎3．解析：选C　根据本段的主旨按照能力分工，及上文提供的语境“if your roommate is a good cook and you are not”可知，答案为C。‎ ‎4．解析：选A　本段主要提出室友之间应该有更多的相互理解与妥协，可知答案为A。‎ ‎5．解析：选D　根据上文“you simply cannot communicate openly”及“there is tension all the time”可知，答案为D。‎