天津市静海区第四中学2019-2020学年高一11月份四校联考英语试题 Word版含解析

天津市静海区第四中学2019-2020学年高一11月份四校联考英语试题 Word版含解析

静海区2019—2020学年度第一学期四校联考试卷 高一英语 试卷 试卷满分120分。考试时间100分钟。‎ 第一节 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。（共5题，每题1分，共5分）‎ ‎1. What time is it now?‎ A. 1:15 p.m. B. 2:15 p.m. C. 3:15 p.m.‎ ‎2. What are the speakers talking about?‎ A. A ball B. A boy C. A hat ‎3. Where are the man’s gloves probably?‎ A. In his schoolbag. B. In his pocket. C. On the sofa.‎ ‎4. What was the weather like yesterday?‎ A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Snowy.‎ ‎5. What will the man do first?‎ A. Wash the cups. B. Clean the floor. C. Clean the windows.‎ 第二节 听下面几段材料。每段材料后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。（共10题，每题1.5分，共15分）‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。‎ ‎6. Which subject is the woman good at?‎ A. Science. B. Maths. C. Physics.‎ ‎7 What does the man think of physics?‎ A Interesting. B. Boring. C. Difficult.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。‎ ‎8. How long did the man stay in Los Angeles?‎ A. For three days. B. For a week. C. For ten days.‎ - 20 -‎ ‎9. How did the man get around the city?‎ A. By car. B. By bus. C. By Subway.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。‎ ‎10. What does the woman advise the man to do?‎ A. Buy a new toothbrush.‎ B. Go to the supermarket.‎ C. Shop in the countryside.‎ ‎11. Why won’t the man take his camera?‎ A. It’s broken down.‎ B. He lent it to a friend.‎ C. He considers it unnecessary.‎ ‎12. Who is the woman speaking to?‎ A. Her husband. B. Her brother. C. Her son.‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第13至第15三个小题。‎ ‎13. What happened to the woman’s brother last year?‎ A. He hurt his leg while playing football.‎ B. He was beaten up by his classmates.‎ C. He broke his arms in a game.‎ ‎14 What does the man like doing?‎ A. Watching football games.‎ B. Playing football.‎ C. Reading books.‎ ‎15. What does the woman think of football?‎ A. Difficult. B. Safe. C. Popular.‎ 完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）‎ A Welcome Gift Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them ___1___ side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud ___2___ filled the room and made them feel very happy.‎ The next morning, ___3___, their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a ___4___ under - 20 -‎ ‎ their door during the night. One of their neighbors had written to complain about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all ___5___ people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their ___6___ and apologize for their playing.‎ ‎“Maybe we could go and ___7___ everyone in person.” his mother said.‎ ‎“What if we invited them to come here for a ___8___ instead?” Dario asked.‎ They both loved the ___9___. Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts _____10_____ their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.‎ Finally the day of the party _____11_____. Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to _____12_____. One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, _____13_____ Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.‎ ‎“I heard you playing the other night,” she said. “The sounds woke me out of bed. I _____14_____ that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing.”‎ Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. “I think maybe we _____15_____ you an apology.” she said. “I didn’t _____16_____ how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.”‎ ‎“You play, you play!” Mrs. Gilbert said. “I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.” She pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such _____17_____ music.”‎ ‎“These songs are beautiful music.” Dario’s mother said. “We will be _____18_____ to play them in the evening.”‎ ‎“And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. He was already looking forward to _____19_____ the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of _____20_____ and made him feel that they were home at last.‎ ‎1. A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked ‎2. A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry ‎3. A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. instead ‎4. A. note B. poster C. bill D. report ‎5. A. proud B. rich C. lucky D. nice - 20 -‎ ‎6. A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audience ‎7. A. blame B. instruct C. question D. visit ‎8. A. party B. concert C. show D. play ‎9. A. experience B. idea C. performance D. action ‎10. A. to B. with C. for D. from ‎11. A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished ‎12. A. order B. sell C. share D. advertise ‎13. A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served ‎14. A. promised B. admitted C. agreed D. worried ‎15. A. give B. send C. offer D. owe ‎16. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept ‎17. A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud ‎18. A. brave B. sorry C. happy D. afraid ‎19. A. changing B. practicing C. recording D. writing ‎20. A. equality B. freedom C. warmth D. sympathy ‎【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. D 15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了有一对喜欢弹奏钢琴的母子搬到了新公寓，有一天晚上他们弹奏到很晚，影响到其他邻居，他们感觉到抱歉，所以办了一个聚会邀请邻居，这受到大家的欢迎。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：Dario和妈妈并排坐在钢琴旁。A. sat坐；B. stood站；C. lay躺；D. walked走路。根据空后的side by side at the piano可知，他们应该是坐在钢琴旁边弹奏。故选A。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：吵闹的音乐充满了整个房间。A. voice声音；B. ring铃声；C. music音乐；D. cry哭泣。根据上文中的They played jazz music可知，这里应该是吵闹的音乐（music）充满了整个房间。故选C。‎ - 20 -‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：然而第二天幸福消失了。A. therefore所以；B. however然而；C. otherwise否则；D. instead而不是。根据上文中的made them feel very happy以及空后的their happiness disappeared可知，此处应为转折关系。故选B。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：有人晚上在他们的门下面留有一张纸条。A. note纸条；B. poster海报；C. bill账单；D. report报告。根据下文中的One of their neighbors had written to complain about the sound of the piano可知，这里指一张便条。故选A。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：他们人都非常好。A. proud骄傲的；B. rich富有的；C. lucky幸运的；D. nice好的。根据下文中的he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that可知，主人公想向管理员咨询，哪一位邻居可能是那位留言的抱怨者，可管理者也并不能指出，大家通常都是通情达理的。故选D。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之同义转化。句意：Dario建议给邻居写一封道歉信。由上文邻居抱怨钢琴的声音可知，这里是向邻居道歉。故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：也许我们可以一个一个的去拜访他们。A. blame责备；B. instruct指导；C. question质疑；D. visit拜访。根据we could go和in person可知，这里是表示拜访每一个人。故选D。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之原词复现。句意：办一个聚会邀请邻居们参加怎么样。A. party聚会；B. concert音乐会；C. show展示；D. play玩。根据下文中的party lights和the day of the party可知，他们是想邀请邻居举办一个聚会。故选A。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：他们都喜欢办聚会这个想法。A. experience经历；B. idea观点，想法；C. performance表演；D. action行动。母子打算办派对，这是一个打算，一个主意，而不是经历、表演表现或行为。故选B。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：他们发送邀请，并准备了甜点。prepare sb for sth - 20 -‎ 是固定搭配，意为“为某人准备某物”，这里指母子办派对，为招待客人们准备了甜点。故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：聚会的这一天到了。A. continued继续；B. arrived到达；C. passed通过；D. finished完成。根据上文中的Some guests brought presents可知，他们想举办的聚会，这一天终于到来了。故选B。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：一些邻居带了甜点来分享。A. order点餐，命令；B. sell卖；C. share分享；D. advertise做广告。根据语境，因为是参加聚会，所以一些邻居带了甜点来分享。故选C。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：Mrs. Gilbert送给他的妈妈一本肖邦的音乐书。A. treated对待；B. presented赠送；C. helped帮助；D. served服务。Mrs．Gilbert送给了Dario的妈妈一本音乐书，故选B。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：我担心你可能每天晚上都会这样弹奏。A. promised许诺；B. admitted承认；C. agreed同意；D. worried担心。根据下文中的You might play like this every night可知，这里应该是Mrs. Gilbert当时很担心每天晚上都会这么吵。故选D。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 本题考查词义判断之词义辨析。句意：我觉得我们应该欠你一个道歉。A. give给；B. send发送；C. offer提供；D. owe欠。owe sb sth意为“感激，欠某人……”，这个空可以看作是固定搭配，owe sb．an apology意为“应该向某人道歉”。故选D。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我们弹得时候没有意识到这么晚了。A. realize意识到；B. remember记得；C. understand理解；D. accept接受。根据上下文内容可知，这里表示Dario的妈妈道歉说：“我也没意识到当时那么晚了我们还在弹钢琴。”故选A。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这些音乐不是大声音乐。A. sweet甜蜜的；B. strange奇怪的；C. funny有趣的；D. loud大声的。根据上一句I like what you play!Just not so loud at night.可知，Mrs．Gilbert不喜欢那么吵的音乐，因此她送了Dario的妈妈一本比较安静的音乐书，也就是不那么吵的音乐（not such loud music）。故选D。‎ - 20 -‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：我们很开心在晚上弹奏。A. brave勇敢的；B. sorry抱歉；C. happy高兴的；D. afraid害怕。根据上文These songs are beautiful music可知，Dario的妈妈很喜欢这些音乐，所以他们应该是很高兴在晚上弹奏。故选C。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之逻辑关系。句意：他总是期待练习新的音乐。A. changing改变；B. practicing练习；C. recording记录；D. writing写。根据语境可知，因为是新音乐，所以Dario很期盼练习音乐。故选B。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 本题考查语境判断之其他线索。句意：这使他充满温暖感。A. equality平等；B. freedom自由；C. warmth温暖；D. sympathy同情。根据下文中的made him feel that they were home at last可知，他们融入了新的生活，应该有温暖的感觉。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】易错分析：‎ The loud ___2___ filled the room and made them feel very happy.‎ ‎2. A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry 本题容易误选A项voice，但voice是指“嗓音；说话声；歌唱声”，但根据上文内容可知，是指弹奏出来的爵士乐声，所以应该选C。‎ 阅读下列短文，然后从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ A When I was six, Dad brought home a dog one day, who was called “Brownie”. My brothers and I all loved Brownie and did different things with her. One of us would walk her, another would feed her, then there were baths, playing catch and many other games. Brownie, in return, loved each and every one of us. One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them. We always felt better when she was around.‎ One day, as I was getting her food, she chewed up(咬破)one of Dad’s shoes, which had to be thrown away in the end. I knew Dad would be mad and I had to let her know what she did was wrong. When I looked at her and said, “Bad girl,” she looked down at the ground and then went and hid. I saw a tear in her eyes.‎ - 20 -‎ Brownie turned out to be more than just our family pet. She went everywhere with us. People would stop and ask if they could pat her. Of course she’d let anyone pat her. She was just the most lovable dog. There were many times when we’d be out walking and a small child would come over and pull on her hair. she never barked(吠) or tried to get away. Funny thing is that she would smile. This frightened people because they thought she was showing her teeth. Far from the truth, she loved everyone.‎ Now many years have passed since Brownie died of old age. I still miss days when she was with us.‎ ‎21. What would Brownie do when someone was ill in the family?‎ A. Look at them sadly. B. Keep them company.‎ C. Play games with them. D. Touch them gently.‎ ‎22. We can infer from Paragraph 2 that Brownie______.‎ A. would eat anything when hungry B. felt sorry for her mistake C. loved playing hide-and-seek D. disliked the author’s dad ‎23. Why does the author say that Brownie was more than just a family pet?‎ A. She was treated as a member of the family.‎ B. She played games with anyone she liked.‎ C. She was loved by everybody she met.‎ D. She went everywhere with the family.‎ ‎24. Some people got frightened by Brownie when she______.‎ A. smiled B. barked.‎ C. rushed to them D. tried to be funny ‎25. Which of the following best describes Brownie?‎ A. Shy. B. Polite. C. Brave. D. Caring.‎ ‎【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文讲述了作者家的一只小狗Brownie的故事。从作者讲述的故事看出小狗很爱主人，很忠诚。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 细节理解题，根据第一段的句子：One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to - 20 -‎ ‎ whoever was sick and just be with them .(最触动我的心的是它经常去陪着那些生病的人。)可知小狗总是陪着生病的人。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一行She looked down at the ground and then went and hid. I saw a tear in her eyes.(它看向地面然后走去藏了起来，我看见他哭了。)说明它也为自己做的错事感觉害怕。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段. People would stop and ask if they could pet her. Of course she'd let anyone pet her. (人们会停下来问他们是否可以逗她，当然她会让任何人逗她。)说明见到它的人都很喜欢它，它不仅仅是我家宠物，所有人都喜欢它，故C正确。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两行. Funny thing is she would smile. This frightened people because they thought she was showing her teeth. 有趣的是她会笑。这吓坏了人们，因为他们以为她在展示她的牙齿。故A项正确。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据上下文的描写突出love each and everyone(爱每一个人，第三段中She was just the most lovable dog(她是最可爱的狗)，都做出了暗示，可知它是一只有同情心的、体贴的狗。故选D ‎[点睛]‎ 英语高考阅读理解细节题解题技巧 一、语义转换题——跳读查找法这是做事实细节题最基本也是最常用的方法。在通常情况下，细节题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解，同学们若能根据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定最佳答案。‎ 运用跳读查找法时，同学们要特别注意试题（包括选项）与原文之间的适当变换。根据近几年的考题情况来看，现在很少有直接用原文中的句子进行考查和测试的，而通常要进行一定的处理。而这种“处理”主要就是指进行语义转换，其中包括同义变换、概念解析、归纳事实等。比如第41小题，细节理解题，根据第一段的句子：One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick and just be with them .最触动我的心的是它经常去陪着那些生病的人。可知小狗总是陪着生病的人。四个选项中B. Keep them company.和文中“be with them”意思接近，可知正确答案是B。‎ - 20 -‎ 比如第44小题，Some people got frightened by Brownie when she______.人们会被吓到当Brownie做什么时？细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后两行. Funny thing is she would smile. This frightened people because they thought she was showing her teeth. 有趣的是她会笑。这吓坏了人们，因为他们以为她在展示她的牙齿。说明A正确。‎ 二、生活应用题——常识理解法生活应用题要求考生在读懂文章的基础上结合一定的生活常识进行判断。不过，有趣的是，高考有时会出现一些“低级”常识判断题，即无需看懂文章，也可选出最佳答案。‎ 三、细节排序题——首尾定位法 这种试题要求考生根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生的正确顺序。同学们在做这种题时可采用“首尾定位法”，即最先找出第一个动作和最后一个动作，迅速缩小选择范围，从而快速选出正确答案。‎ 四、寻找信息题——题干定位法快速寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题，主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班时间表等。做这类题时没有必要阅读全文，宜采用“题干定位法”。‎ B At the beginning of the 20th century there was a big farm called Hollywood Ranch. It was near Los Angeles in California. A few years later Hollywood was one of the famous places in the world. From the 1910s to the 1950s Hollywood was the film center of the world. Every family knew the names of its film stars—Charlie Chaplin, Greta Garbo, Ingrid Bergman and hundreds more.‎ The reason why people went to Hollywood to make films was the sun. At first，people made films in New York on the east coast of the United States. But then they heard about Los Angeles where there are 350 days of sun every year. As they made all the films by sunlight，the west coast was a much better place to make films. Also near Hollywood you can find mountains，sea and desert. They did not have to travel far to make any kind of film.‎ When TV became popular, Hollywood started making films for television. Then in the 1970s they discovered people still went to the cinema to see big expensive films. After about thirty years they are still making films in Hollywood and people watch them all over the world.‎ ‎26. Hollywood used to be a __________.‎ A. cinema B. big farm C. park D. market ‎27. In the 1910s Hollywood became a __________.‎ A. famous theater B. good place to have holidays - 20 -‎ C. film center D. home for stars ‎28. Who was not mentioned as a film star in the passage?‎ A. Charlie Chaplin. B. Marilyn Monroe.‎ C. Ingrid Bergman. D. Greta Garbo.‎ ‎29. People went to Hollywood to make films because __________.‎ A. it was a beautiful place B. you could find many film stars C. there was a lot of sunlight D. it was a famous place ‎30. Which statement is true?‎ A. The west coast was a better place to make films.‎ B. There are no mountains near Hollywood.‎ C. People no longer went to the cinema after television became popular.‎ D. Hollywood began to make films for television after the World War I.‎ ‎【答案】26. B 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了好莱坞的起源和发展历程。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段前三句“At the beginning of the 20th century there was a big farm called Hollywood Ranch. It was near Los Angeles in California. A few years later Hollywood was one of the famous places in the world.”可知，著名的好莱坞以前是一个大型农场。故选B项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段第四句“From the 1910s to the 1950s Hollywood was the film center of the world.”可知，20世纪10年代到40年代，好莱坞都是世界的电影中心。故选C项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Every family knew the names of its film stars—Charlie Chaplin, Greta Garbo, Ingrid Bergman and hundreds more.”可知，文中提到了查理·卓别林、葛丽泰·嘉宝玛和英格丽·褒曼，而丽莲·梦露的名字并未提及。故选B项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段前三句“The reason why people went to Hollywood to make films was the sun. At first，people made films in New York on the east coast of the United States. But then they - 20 -‎ ‎ heard about Los Angeles where there are 350 days of sun every year.”可知，正是因为好莱坞地区阳光充沛，适合电影拍摄，所以人们都去好莱坞拍电影。故选C项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“As they made all the films by sunlight，the west coast was a much better place to make films.”可知，正是因为西岸阳光充沛，所以更加适合电影拍摄。故选A项。‎ C Germs(细菌) are everywhere. You can’t see them, but they are on your desk, on your computer, and even in the air!‎ Like people, germs move around the world. They fly with us on planes. When food, clothes, and other things travel around the world, germs travel, too. Some germs are safe, but some are dangerous. Germs cause illnesses like colds and the flu.‎ Warmer Weather Brings Germs The world’s weather is changing. Cooler countries are getting warmer, so insects from hot countries can move there. Some of these insects, like mosquitoes, carry dangerous germs. These germs cause headaches, fever, and can even kill people.‎ Under Your Skin Your skin protects you from germs. It stops some germs, but not all. They can enter your body when you eat, or when you have a cut. Germs are on your hands, too. They enter your body when you touch your eyes, nose, or mouth.‎ Fighting Germs Your immune system(免疫系统) protects you, too. When germs get inside your body, your immune system finds and kills them. Special cells(细胞) move around your body and fight germs. They help you stay healthy. Other cells make antibodies. Antibodies help your body find and stop germs.‎ What can you do to fight germs? You should wash your hands with soap and water. Soap kills many germs, and water washes them away.‎ ‎31. According to the text, insects ______.‎ A. kill germs B. carry germs C. protect germs D. love germs ‎32. The underlined word “there” refers to ______.‎ A. cooler countries B. hot countries C. everywhere D. the world - 20 -‎ ‎33. Which of the following is right according to the text?‎ A. All germs are dangerous. B. There are more germs in cold places.‎ C. Soap can kill all germs. D. Germs can get into your body.‎ ‎34. What do antibodies do?‎ A. They kill germs and wash them away. B. They find and develop germs.‎ C. They help protect us from germs. D. They carry dangerous germs.‎ ‎35. Which can be the best title for this text?‎ A. Germs Are Everywhere B. Weather Is Changing C. Skin Stops Germs D. Germs Are Developed ‎【答案】31. B 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了细菌无所不在，介绍了细菌传播的一些方式和人体上一些可以保护人们不受细菌侵害的组织。最后指出应该用肥皂和水洗手。肥皂可以杀死很多细菌，水可以把它们冲走。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Warmer Weather Brings Germs部分中Some of these insects, like mosquitoes, carry dangerous germs.可知其中一些昆虫，如蚊子，携带着危险的细菌。由此可知，昆虫会携带细菌。故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据划线词上文Cooler countries are getting warmer, so insects from hot countries can move可知凉爽的国家变得越来越暖和，所以炎热国家的昆虫可以迁移到更为凉爽的国家。由此可知，there指的是“更冷的国家”。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Under Your Skin部分中Germs are on your hands, too. They enter your body when you touch your eyes, nose, or mouth.可知你的手上也有细菌。当你触摸眼睛、鼻子或嘴巴时，它们就会进入你的身体。由此可知，D选项“细菌可以进入你的身体”正确。故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Antibodies help your body find and stop germs.可知抗体帮助你的身体发现和阻止细菌。由此可知，抗体的作用是帮助我们免受细菌的伤害。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ - 20 -‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段Germs(细菌) are everywhere. You can’t see them, but they are on your desk, on your computer, and even in the air!可知细菌无处不在。你看不见它们，但它们在你的桌子上，在你的电脑上，甚至在空气中！结合文章主要说明了细菌无所不在，介绍了细菌传播的一些方式和人体上一些可以保护人们不受细菌侵害的组织。最后指出应该用肥皂和水洗手。肥皂可以杀死很多细菌，水可以把它们冲走。由此可知，A选项“细菌无处不在”最符合文章标题。故选A。‎ 阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题（请注意问题后的字数要求）。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ The World Health Organization (WHO) says there has been a sharp increase in the number of children in developing countries who weigh too much. In African countries, the WHO says the number of overweight or obese children is two times as high as it was 20 years ago.‎ Around the world, about 43 million children under the age of five were overweight in 2011. Doctors use height, weight and age to measure whether a person is underweight, normal, or obese.‎ Overweight children are more likely to become overweight or obese adults. The condition can lead to serious health problems like diabetes, heart disease and stroke.‎ Francesco Branca, director of the WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development, says people are eating manufactured or processed food more often, which often has a high sugar，fat and salt content. Another reason of gaining weight is the city lifestyle. They travel in cars or other vehicles more than on foot, and have less physical activities in general.‎ Mr. Branca says reducing the number of overweight children will not be easy. He says the goal is difficult to meet even in wealthy countries.‎ The WHO has some basic solutions for individuals（个人） : to lower your in-take of fat ,sugar, salt and processed food, eat more fruit and vegetables, and increase physical activity. These actions are especially important for children and governments should concern providing vitamin for children.‎ Reducing the number of overweight children will not be easy. The goal is difficult to meet even in wealthy countries. Educational campaigns about problems linked to obesity would also help. Food manufactures must balance quality and taste with the dangers of sugar, fat and salt.‎ The current goal of the WHO’s World Health Assembly is to prevent an increase in the percentage of overweight children during the next twelve years.‎ ‎36. What’s the main idea of the passage?(No more than 15 words)‎ - 20 -‎ ‎37. What is the meaning of the underlined word "obese" in Paragraph 2? (No more than two words)‎ ‎38. What diseases can overweight or obesity lead to?(No more than 10 words)‎ ‎39. Why do people put on weight easily? (No more than 12 words)‎ ‎40. If you are overweight or obese, what should you do? (No more than 20 words)‎ ‎【答案】36. There has been a sharp increase in the number of obese children in developing countries/the number of obese children in developing countries is increasing sharply. ‎ ‎37. very fat/overweight ‎ ‎38. diabetes, heart disease and stroke and so on。. ‎ ‎39. Eating manufactured or processed food more often, and the city lifestyle. ‎ ‎40. Lowering my in-take of fat sugar salt and processed food， eating more fruit and vegetables, and increasing physical activity .‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。世卫组织称发展中国家的儿童肥胖现象越来越严重，文章分析了肥胖形成的原因并提供了明确的建议，还指出要想降低肥胖儿童的数量并非易事。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。问题：文章的主旨是什么？（15字以内）这是新闻报道类的文章，第一句“The World Health Organization (WHO) says there has been a sharp increase in the number of children in developing countries who weigh too much.”世界卫生组织（WHO）说，发展中国家体重过重的儿童数量急剧增加。即点明了主要内容，故答作：There has been a sharp increase in the number of obese children in developing countries或the number of obese children in developing countries is increasing sharply。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。问题：第二段中下划线单词“obese”是什么意思？（2字以内）根据第二段中划线词所在句“Doctors use height, weight and age to measure whether a person is underweight, normal, or obese.”可知，医生将人根据体重水平分为偏瘦、正常和obese三种，前文中Around the world, about 43 million children under the age of five were overweight in 2011年，全世界约有4300万5岁以下儿童超重，容易推断obese就是“肥胖的，过重的”的意思。故答作：very fat或overweight。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 细节理解题。问题：超重或肥胖会导致哪些疾病？（10字以内）根据第三段“Overweight - 20 -‎ ‎ children are more likely to become overweight or obese adults. The condition can lead to serious health problems like diabetes, heart disease and stroke.”可知，肥胖可以导致糖尿病、心脏病、中风等严重疾病。故答作：diabetes, heart disease and stroke and so on。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 细节理解题。问题：为什么人们容易发胖？（12字以内）根据第四段中“says people are eating manufactured or processed food more often, which often has a high sugar. fat and salt content.”和“Another reason of gaining weight is the city lifestyle.”可知，摄入含过多糖分、脂肪的加工食品以及缺乏运动的生活方式是导致肥胖的主要原因。故答作：Eating manufactured or processed food more often, and the city lifestyle。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 开放性试题。问题：如果你患肥胖，应该怎么做？（20字以内）根据第六段第一句“The WHO has some basic solutions for individuals（个人） : to lower your in-take of fat ,sugar, salt and processed food, eat more fruit and vegetables, and increase physical activity.”可知，想要解决肥胖问题，个人应当少吃加工食品，多吃蔬菜水果，增加运动量。故答作：Lowering my in-take of fat sugar salt and processed food， eating more fruit and vegetables, and increasing physical activity。‎ 语篇填空，请将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置。‎ The father and grandfather are playing chess___41___（坐) at the table, ___42___the boy comes in. The boy ___43___(走进)the table ___44___ (nervous) and asks his father to ___45___（谈一谈）with him about his future___46___（职业、事业）. He decides not ___47___ (go) to university and he wants to ___48___(关注) his band. The father feels ___49___ (surprise) because he always expects the boy to be a ___50___ (law). Hearing their conversation, the grandfather ___51___ (advice) the boy to think carefully before___52___(jump) in with both feet. In the grandfather’s view, if the boy attends university and plays music ___53___, he will have two ___54___(选择). Perhaps the boy will find a job that suits his___55___(天赋).‎ ‎【答案】41. seated/sitting ‎ ‎42. when 43. approaches ‎ ‎44. nervously ‎ ‎45. have a chat/chat ‎ ‎46. career 47. to go ‎ ‎48. focus on ‎ - 20 -‎ ‎49. surprised ‎ ‎50. lawyer 51. advises ‎ ‎52. jumping ‎ ‎53. at the same time ‎ ‎54. options ‎ ‎55. talents ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个小故事，一个男孩来找父亲表示自己不想上大学，准备全心全意经营乐队，一旁爷爷则让他考虑清楚再做决定。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：男孩进来的时候，爸爸和爷爷正坐在桌子旁边下棋。分析句子可知，空白处需要非谓语动词作状语，可以用sit表示“坐下”，此时sit与主语the father and grandfather之间属于主动关系，用现在分词形式；也可以用seat表示“使就坐”，此时seat与主语之间属于被动关系，要用过去分词形式。故填seated或sitting。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查时间状语。句意：男孩进来的时候，爸爸和爷爷正坐在桌子旁边下棋。分析句子可知，前后句主干成分都完整，考虑两个动作是同时发生的，应该认为后句作时间状语，要用when来引导，表示“当……时”。故填when。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：男孩不安地走近桌子，并让他爸爸跟他谈谈未来的事业。从前文内容来看，文章的时态是一般现在时，对于第三人称单数主语the boy，谓语动词approach要用第三人称单数形式。故填approaches。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：男孩不安地走近桌子，并让他爸爸跟他谈谈未来的事业。这里nervous修饰谓语动词，要用副词形式。故填nervously。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：男孩不安地走近桌子，并让他爸爸跟他谈谈未来的事业。这里要用动词chat或短语have a chat表示“谈一谈”，在不定式中用动词原形。故填have a chat或chat。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：男孩不安地走近桌子，并让他爸爸跟他谈谈未来的事业。这里要用名词career - 20 -‎ 表示“事业，职业”。故填career。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：他决定不上大学，想多关注自己的乐队。decide to do sth.意为“决定做某事”，其否定形式为decide not to do sth.，即其后要接不定式。故填to go。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：他决定不上大学，想多关注自己的乐队。这里要用动词短语focus on表示“关注”，在不定式中用动词原形。故填focus on。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：男孩的爸爸觉得很诧异，因为他一直期望孩子能当个律师。这里强调的是人的主观感受，要用surprised表示“惊讶的”。故填surprised。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：男孩的爸爸觉得很诧异，因为他一直期望孩子能当个律师。这里要用名词lawyer表示“律师”。故填lawyer。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：听到他们的对话后，爷爷建议男孩在全心全意投入之前先认真想好。从前文内容来看，文章的时态是一般现在时，对于第三人称单数主语the grandfather，谓语动词advice要用第三人称单数形式。故填advises。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：听到他们的对话后，爷爷建议男孩在全心全意投入之前先认真想好。分析句子可知，jump在这里作before的宾语，要用动名词形式。故填jumping。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：在爷爷看来，如果男孩上大学玩音乐都不耽误，他就会有两个选择。分析句子可知，句中成分完整，考虑状语，结合句意应该用at the same time表示“（两件事）同时进行”。故填at the same time。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：在爷爷看来，如果男孩上大学玩音乐都不耽误，他就会有两个选择。这里要用option表示“选择”，且有两个，要用复数形式。故填options。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：也许男孩会找到一个让他能发挥天赋的工作。这里要用名词talents表示“天赋”。故填talents。‎ - 20 -‎ ‎71. 写作 （25分）‎ ‎56. 假定你是高中学生李华，你的美国朋友 Jim 即将升入中国的一所高中学习，想让你给他一些学习建议。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1.与老师交流，征求老师意见； ‎ ‎2.上课积极参与讨论，专心听讲，做好笔记；‎ ‎3.课后积极完成作业，巩固知识。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Jim,‎ Having learned that you'll be a senior high school student, I am delighted. In your last email you mentioned that you were confused about how to study well in your senior high school. Now, I'd like to share my study tips with you.‎ First, you'd better communicate with your teachers regularly. In this way, they may offer some great advice on both your study and life. Second, why not involve yourself in each class actively, listen to the teacher attentively and take notes carefully so that you can review later? Third, it's a good idea to do your homework on time soon after school, which will help you practice what you have learned and - 20 -‎ ‎ make it fresh in your mind.‎ I sincerely hope my advice can be helpful to you and that you can enjoy your new school life. Best wishes!‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇提纲类书面表达，要求考生把自己当成李华，你的美国朋友 Jim 即将升入中国的一所高中学习，请给他写一封电子邮件，给他一些学习建议。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：审题。根据文字提示可知本文是一封电子邮件，要求考生给Jim 即将升入中国的一所高中学习，请给他写一封电子邮件，给他一些学习建议。全文以一般现在时和第二人称为主。文章要点均已经给出，总体难度较小。‎ 第2步：组织要点。1.与老师交流，征求老师意见；2.上课积极参与讨论，专心听讲，做好笔记；3.课后积极完成作业，巩固知识。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词组进行遣词造句，关键词为be confused about、share …with …、communicate with、involve oneself in等。同时注意电子邮件的惯用语和习惯表达。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】本篇范文结构完美，条理清晰。范文时态和人称运用准确，涵盖了文字提示要求的所有要点，且有适当的个人发挥。考生运用了多样式的句型结构，整篇文章富有变化并不死板。使用了较多的高级词汇，如communicate with、involve oneself in等；尽量运用了丰富的句式，分词做状语Having learned that you'll be a senior high school student, I am delighted.非限制性定语从句和宾语从句…which will help you practice what you have learned and make it fresh in your mind.同时文章还运用了一些串联成分，如first、second、third这些串联词让各个要点更为紧密地结合在一起。以上写作技巧的运用提升了文章的层次，显示了考生具有很强的驾驭语言的能力。‎ - 20 -‎