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2020中考英语语法专项复习:句子种类
句子种类 句子按说话目的可分为四种类型: 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 陈述句 考点:陈述句的肯定结构和否定结构。 陈述句用于陈述一件事或表示一种看法,它包括肯定结构和否定结构两种。 在 肯定结构中,谓语动词不含否定词 ; 否定结构是在系动词、助动词或情态动词后加 not ,除了 not 外,其他否定词 ( 如: no , hardly , never 等 ) 也可以构成否定句。 1. Mark is watching TV now. ( 改为否定句 ) Mark ______________ TV now. 2. Cao Hua swims fastest in our group. ( 改为否定句 ) Cao Hua ______________ fastest in our group. 中考链接 isn’t watching doesn’t swim 疑问句 疑问句用来提出问题。英语中有四种疑问句: 一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和附加疑问句 。 考点一:一般疑问句。 一 般疑问句用 yes 或 no 来回答 ,其回答常用简略答语。 一般疑问句通常将系动词、助动词或情态动词放到主语前 ( 有时谓语动词的形式需进行相应变化 ) 。 1. I want to go somewhere quiet for my vacation. ( 改为一般疑问句 ) ____ you want to go __________ quiet for your vacation? 2. His mother does well in singing songs. ( 改为一般疑问句 ) ______ his mother ____ well in singing songs? 中考链接 Do anywhere Does do -Is the girl in red your friend ? -_______ . She is learning Chinese now . A. Yes, it is B. Yes, he is C. Yes, she is D. Yes, she does C 考点二:特殊疑问句。 1. 以疑问词开头的句子叫特殊疑问句 。回答特殊疑问句时,不能用 yes 或 no ,而要根据实际情况回答。 2. 常用的疑问词 有: 疑问代词 what, which, who, whose, whom ; 疑问副词 when, where, why, how ; 疑问词组 how soon, how long, how far, how often, what class, what time, what color, how old, how many, how much 等。 3. 特殊疑问句的一般结构是“疑问词 ( 不作主语 ) + 一般疑问句 ?” ,但对主语或修饰主语的定语提问时, 要用陈述句语序 。 1. The English dictionary is 25 dollars . ( 对划线部分提问 ) ____________ is the English dictionary? 2. Amy studied in a university for several years . ( 对划线部分提问 ) ____________ did Amy study in a university ? 中考链接 How much How long 3. It’s about 2 kilometers from my home to school. ( 对划线部分提问 ) __________ is it from your home to school? 4. I’d like to order a hamburger and an orange juice . ( 就划线部分提问) ____________ you like to order? How far What would 5. The girl will fly to Canada in three days . ( 对划线部分提问 ) _____________ will the girl fly to Canada? How soon 考点三:选择疑问句。 选择疑问句提供两种或两种以上情况,要求对方选择一种情况回答。 My favorite color is green. ( 用 yellow 改为选择疑问句 ) _____ your favorite color green ______ yellow? 中考链接 Is or 2. When you get into trouble, will you keep trying ____ give up? A. or B. and C. but D. so 3. –Bill, does your sister have brown hair or red hair ? - _____ . She takes after my mother. A. Yes, she does B. No, she doesn't C. Brown hair D. I don't know A C 祈使句 考点一:以动词原形开头的肯定的祈使句。 肯定的祈使句多以动词原形开头 。有时为了加强语气,可以在动词之前加上 do ,表示“务必,一定”。有时为了使语气变得委婉、客气,可在句首或句末加上 please 。 1. ______ to smile at your life when you are in trouble, and you will soon be happy again. A. Try B. To try C. Trying D. Tried 中考链接 A 2. _________ your umbrella, or you’ll catch a cold on such a rainy day. A. Take B. To take C. Taking D. Takes A 考点二:在动词原形前加 don’t 构成否定的祈使句。 1. Tommy, _____ play basketball in the street next time. You may get hit by a car. A. do B. don’t C. must D. mustn’t 中考链接 B 2. —_______ run in the hallways, Mike. —Sorry. Ms. Clark. A. Don’t B. Please C. No A 感叹句 感叹句表示喜、怒、哀、乐等强烈的感情,一般由 what 或 how 引导,句末用感叹号 。 考点一: what 引导的感叹句。 what 修饰名词,它引导的感叹句有三种句 型: 1. What + a / an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 (+ 主语 + 其他 )! 2. What + 形容词 + 复数可数名词 (+ 主语 + 其他 )! 3. What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 (+ 主语 + 其他 )! 1. —It is reported that cancer can be controlled at a temperature lower than 110℃ below zero. —Really? ____ nice surprise! A. How B. What C. What a D. What an 中考链接 C 2. —______ weather it is! Shall we go for a picnic? — I can’t agree more. A. What a good B. What good C. How good the D. How good B 3. —Jane won the first prize in the English speech contest. —____________ big progress she has made! She used to be weak in English. A. How B. How a C. What D. What a C 考点二: how 引导的感叹句。 how 作状语,修饰形容词或副词,它引导的感叹句的句型为: How + 形容词 / 副词 (+ 主语 + 其他 )! 1. — Did you watch the China’s Military Parade on TV? — Yes. ____ great it was! A. How B. What C. How a D. What a 中考链接 A 2. —_____ heavy the rainstorm is! —Yes, the town experienced the most serious flood during the past ten years. A. How B. What C. How a D. What a A查看更多