【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit2TheOlympicGames单元学案（35页）

【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit2TheOlympicGames单元学案（35页）

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit2The Olympic Games单元学案 一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．mascot n．　　　　　　　　吉祥物 ‎2．Greece n. 希腊 ‎3．Greek adj. 希腊(人)的；希腊语的 n. 希腊人；希腊语 ‎4．magical adj. 巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的 ‎5．slave n. 奴隶 ‎6．gymnastics n．(pl.) 体操；体能训练 ‎7．athletics n．(pl.) 体育运动；竞技 ‎8．stadium n．(pl. stadiums or stadia)‎ ‎ (露天大型)体育场　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎9．gymnasium (gym) n．　　　体育馆；健身房 ‎10．motto n. 座右铭；格言；警句 ‎11．swift adj. 快的；迅速的 ‎12．similarity n. 相像性；相似点 ‎13．physical adj. 物理的；身体的 ‎14．princess n. 公主 ‎15．glory n. 光荣；荣誉 ‎16．prince n. 王子 ‎17．goddess n. 女神 ‎18．striker n. 敲击者；(足球的)前锋　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎1．ancient adj.　　　 　　　古代的；古老的 ‎2．compete vi. 比赛；竞争 ‎3．competitor n. 竞争者 ‎4．medal n. 奖章；勋章；纪念章 ‎5．volunteer n. 志愿者；志愿兵 adj. 志愿的；义务的 vt.& vi. 自愿 ‎6．homeland n. 祖国；本国　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎7．regular adj.　　　　　　规则的；定期的；常规的 ‎8．basis n．(pl.bases) 基础；根据 ‎9．athlete n. 运动员；运动选手 ‎10．admit vt.& vi. 容许；承认；接纳 ‎11．nowadays adv. 现今；现在 ‎12．host vt. 做东；主办；招待 n. 主人 ‎13．responsibility n. 责任；职责　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎14．replace vt.　　 　　　　 取代；替换；代替 ‎15．charge vt.& vi. 收费；控诉 n. 费用；主管 ‎16．fine vt. 罚款 ‎17．poster n. 海报；招贴 ‎18．advertise vt.& vi. 做广告；登广告 ‎19．bargain vi. 讨价还价；讲条件 n. 便宜货　　　　　　‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎20．hopeless adj.　　　　　 没有希望的；绝望的 ‎21．foolish adj. 愚蠢的；傻的 ‎22．pain n. 疼痛；痛苦 ‎23．deserve vi.& vt. 应受(报答或惩罚)；值得 ‎24．take_part_in 参加；参与 ‎25．stand_for 代表；象征；表示 ‎26．as_well 也；又；还 ‎27．in_charge 主管；看管 ‎28．one_after_another 陆续地；一个接一个地　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　 ‎ 二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 ‎(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识 记 单 词 写 对 Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)‎ ‎1.mascot n．　　　　　吉祥物 ‎2.magical adj. 巫术的；魔术的；‎ ‎ 有魔力的 ‎3.gymnastics n．(pl.) 体操；体能训练 ‎4.gymnasium (gym) n. 体育馆；健身房 ‎5.motto n．　　　座右铭；格言；警句 ‎6.glory n. 光荣；荣誉 Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)‎ ‎1.ancient adj. 古代的；古老的 ‎2.homeland n. 祖国；本国 ‎3.basis n．　 　 　基础；根据 ‎4.fine vt. 罚款 ‎5.foolish adj. 愚蠢的；傻的 ‎6.pain n. 疼痛；痛苦 ‎7.poster n. 海报；招贴 ‎8.nowadays adv. 现今；现在 核 心 单 词 练 通 ‎1.Does the bank charge (收费) a fee for setting up the account？‎ ‎2.I'm short of money, and can't afford a new car to replace (替换) my old one.‎ ‎3.China has made efforts for a breakthrough in the total number of gold medals (奖牌) in the coming Winter Olympic Games.‎ ‎4.My sister bought this Tshirt at such a low price.She was really good at bargaining (讨价还价)．‎ ‎5.You deserve (值得) an award for the role that you played.‎ ‎6.We attended a dinner party hosted (主办) by the president of the company.‎ ‎7.Do you know how many athletes (运动员) from around the world will compete in the 2020 Olympic Games？‎ 拓展单词用活 ‎[记全记牢]‎ ‎1.volunteer n．志愿者；志愿兵adj.志愿的；义务的vt.& vi.自愿→voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的 ‎2.compete vi.比赛；竞争→competition n．竞争；比赛→competitive adj.竞争的；有竞争性的→competitor n．竞争者 ‎3.regular adj.规则的；定期的；常规的→regularly adv.定期地；有规律地→regulation n．规则；规章制度 ‎4.admit vt.& vi.容许；承认；接纳→admission n．承认；入场费；准许进入 ‎5.responsibility n．责任；职责→responsible adj.有责任心的；负责的 ‎6.advertise vt.& vi.做广告；登广告→advertiser n．广告商 ‎[用准用活]‎ ‎1.Eating properly and exercising regularly (regular) can make one enjoy a healthier and longer life.‎ ‎2.She is in a hopeless situation, and she hopes that someone will come and help her put through.(hope)‎ ‎3.A large number of volunteers from the university volunteer to teach in the remote villages. Their voluntary work is well worth praising.(volunteer)‎ ‎4.All the excited competitors who are ‎ ‎→advertisement n．广告 ‎7.hopeless adj.没有希望的；绝望的→hope v．& n．希望→hopeful adj.有希望的 relatively competitive are competing for the honor of winning the gold medal in the competition.(compete)‎ ‎5.We'll be responsible for your safety and you need to take responsibility for your actions.(responsible)‎ ‎6.Advertisers are supposed to be honest about the advertisements. If you advertise your goods in a dishonest way, you will be fined.(advertise)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.表示“愚蠢与聪明”的形容词小结 ‎①foolish　　　　　愚蠢的；傻的 ‎2.双写辅音字母的过去式、过去分词和现在分词 ‎①admit:‎ ‎3.后缀less构成的形容词集锦 ‎①hopeless　 　 　无望的 ‎②stupid 愚蠢的 ‎③silly 傻的 ‎④clever 聪明的 ‎⑤smart 聪明的；机敏的 ‎⑥bright 明亮的；聪明的 ‎⑦wise 明智的；聪明的 ‎⑧intelligent 智能的；聪明的 ‎ admitted/admitted/admitting ‎②permit: permitted/permitted/permitting ‎③plan: planned/planned/planning ‎④refer: referred/referred/referring ‎⑤prefer: preferred/preferred/preferring ‎⑥beg: begged/begged/begging ‎⑦hug: hugged/hugged/hugging ‎②careless 粗心的 ‎③doubtless 无疑的 ‎④helpless 无助的 ‎⑤restless 不安的 ‎⑥homeless 无家可归的 ‎⑦useless 无用的 ‎⑧countless 无数的 ‎(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高 先 写 对 再 用 准 第一组 ‎1.take_part_in　　　　　　　参加；参与 ‎2.as_well 也；又；还 ‎3.play_a_role_in 在……中起作用 ‎4.as_a_matter_of_fact ‎ ‎　　A large number of students ①took_part_in the school sports meeting, and even some teachers joined in the activity ②as_well. The sports meeting was a great success. ③‎ 事实上 ‎ ‎5.in_charge 主管；看管；负责 ‎6.stand_for 代表；象征；表示 ‎7.pick_up 拾起；捡起；用车接某人 As_a_matter_of_fact,_headteachers and monitors who were ④in_charge_of the activity ⑤played_an important role_in it.‎ 第二组 ‎1.take_the_place_of　　　　　代替……‎ ‎2.apart_from 除了 ‎3.make_a_bargain_with_ 与……达成协议 ‎4.reach_the_standard 达到标准 ‎5.on_purpose 故意地；蓄意地 ‎6.work_out 计算出；解决；锻炼身体 ‎7.one_after_another 陆续地；一个接一个地 ‎　　In order to ①reach_the required standard I take an active part in the English corner and other afterclass English activities ②apart_from English classes, which benefit me a lot. Besides, I make it a rule to ③work_out at the gym after school every day. As the result of my performance, I was made monitor of our class to ④take_the_place_of Li Hua.‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“as”开头的高频短语一览 ‎①as well　　　　　　　　　也；又；还 ‎2.有无定冠词意义不同的短语荟萃 ‎①in charge　　　　　　　　　主管；看管；负责 ‎②as a matter of fact 事实上 ‎③as a result 结果 ‎④as usual 照例；照常 ‎⑤as follows 如下 ‎⑥as is mentioned above 如上所说 in the charge 被掌管；由……负责 ‎②in control of 控制；管理 in the control of 被……控制 ‎③in possession of 占有；拥有 in the possession of 被占有；为……所有 ‎(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women！‎ 别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！‎ ‎“nor/neither＋情态动词/助动词/系动词be＋主语”构成倒装句型。‎ 她不会说这种语言，也不会写这种语言。‎ She couldn't speak the language, neither/nor_could_she_write_it.‎ ‎2.There's as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.‎ as＋形容词＋a(n)＋单数可数名词＋as或as＋many/much＋名词＋as结构。‎ 人们普遍认为，教学是一种科学，也是一门艺术。‎ It's generally believed that teaching is as_much_an_art_as 国与国之间争取奥运会主办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。‎ ‎ it is a science.‎ ‎3.This is important because the more you speak English, the better your English will become.‎ 这很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语水平就会越高。‎ ‎“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”，意为“越……，就越……”。‎ 起初我以为我明白了老师所说的，但是他越解释我就越迷惑。‎ At first I thought I understood what my teacher said, but the more he explained, the_more_confused_I_became.‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　As we all know, only athletes ________❶ have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admitted as competitors. All the athletes are aware that the harder they train, the closer their dreams ________ (become)❷. Nothing can replace❸ hard training on the way to success. There is no denying that the losers work as hard as the winners before the Olympics Games, so I believe both of them deserve our respect.‎ ‎1.①处所在句为定语从句，应填关系词 who/that。‎ ‎2.②处应填词的正确形式为 will_become。‎ ‎3.用高级词汇代替③处的replace: substitute_for。‎ ‎1．admit vt.& vi.容许；承认；接纳；容纳 ‎(1)admit doing/having done/that ...‎ ‎　　　　　　 　　　 承认……‎ admit sb./sth.to be 承认某人/某物是……‎ ‎(2)be admitted to 被接纳进入；被录取到……‎ ‎(3)admission n. 准许进入；入场费；承认 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He admitted taking/having_taken_(take) the money but promised never to do it again.‎ ‎②Joe is proud and stubborn, never admitting (admit) that he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.‎ ‎③Women gained admission (admit) to the club only recently.‎ 单句写作 ‎④考试结果可能会正如所预料的那样，我被我最喜爱的大学录取的梦想将会成为现实。(2014·四川高考书面表达)‎ The exams are likely to work out as expected and my dream to_be_admitted_to_my_favorite_university will come true.‎ 熟词生义　写出加黑单词在语境中的含义 ‎⑤The dining hall to be completed next month can admit 1,000 students.容纳 ‎2．replace vt.取代；替换；代替；把……放回原处 replace ... with/by ...　　　　　 用……替换……‎ replace ...as ... 取代……而成为……‎ take the place of＝take one's place 代替；替代 in place of 代替 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①That could be because so many people have replaced face ‎ time with/by screen time, the researchers said.‎ ‎②It is generally believed that teachers will never be_replaced (replace) by computers in class.‎ 句型转换 ‎③John is ill and I want to know who is going to replace him.‎ ‎→John is ill and I want to know who is going to take_the_place_of_him/take_his_place.‎ ‎3．deserve vi.& vt.应受(报答或惩罚)；值得；应得 deserve to do sth.　　　　　　 应该做某事；值得做某事 deserve to be done＝deserve doing ‎ ……值得被做 deserve consideration/attention 值得考虑/注意 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He does not deserve to_win (win) any respect from anybody just because he does not know how to respect others.‎ ‎②Those who do good deserve praising/to_be_praised (praise)．‎ 补全句子 ‎③With many wild animals gradually dying out, the present situation deserves_‎ attention/paying_attention_to.‎ 由于许多野生动物逐渐灭绝，目前形势值得注意。‎ ‎[名师指津]　当物作主语时，deserve后接doing，主动形式表示被动意义，相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。need, want, require作“需要”讲时也有类似用法。‎ ‎4．the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..‎ This is important because the_more you speak English, the_better your English will become.‎ 这很重要，因为你说英语越多，你的英语水平就会越高。‎ ‎(1)the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..　 越……，就越……‎ ‎(2)the more ..., the less ... 越……，越不……‎ ‎①The more a person reads, the wiser (wise) he will become.‎ 一个人书读得越多就会变得越明智。‎ ‎②The_more_careful_you_are,_the fewer mistakes you will make.‎ 你越小心，你犯的错就会越少。‎ ‎[名师指津]　“the＋比较级．.., the＋比较级．..”结构中，第一个“the＋比较级”是表示条件的状语从句，在表示将来意义的情况下，从句用一般现在时表示将来。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　Not only Li Hua but also his sister watched the 13th National Games of China ________ (hold)❶ in Tianjin. His sister asked him what the five rings on the Olympic flag stand for ________❷ they saw the rising Olympic flag. The volunteer in charge there told her that the five rings on the flag stand for the five continents on the earth.Every athlete is eager to take part in the Games. As we all know, Sun Yang was selected to compete in the Games and won five gold medals❸. Regrettably, I didn't go to Tianjin to watch the Games, nor did my friend Li Ping.‎ ‎1.①处应填词的正确形式为 held，在此处作后置定语。‎ ‎2.②处应填 when，在此处引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎3.用“It is ＋过去分词＋that”结构改写句③‎ It_is_well_known_that Sun Yang was selected to compete in the Games and won five gold medals.‎ ‎5．charge vt.& vi.收费；控诉；充电n.费用；主管 ‎(1)charge sb. for sth.　　 　 为某物向某人收取费用 charge sb. with (doing) sth. 控告某人(做)某事 ‎(2)take charge of 掌管/负责……‎ in charge of 控制/管理……‎ in the charge of 受……的管理；由……负责 ‎(3)free of charge＝for free 免费 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The police charged the thief with stealing the jewels.‎ ‎②How much did he charge you for repairing this pair of shoes?‎ 补全句子 ‎③With the ticket, you may get a French fries free_of_charge/for_free in KFC.‎ 凭此券你可以在肯德基免费得到一份法式炸薯条。‎ 句型转换 ‎④The man who had taken charge of the company was charged with taking drugs.‎ ‎→The man who had been in_charge_of the company was_accused_of_taking_drugs.‎ ‎[名师指津]　表示“控告某人某事”还可以用accuse sb.of sth.结构。accuse常与of搭配，而charge常与with搭配。‎ ‎6．compete vi.比赛；竞争 ‎(1)compete in　 　 　 　 参加……比赛；在……方面竞争 compete for 为……而竞争 compete with/against ... for ...‎ ‎ 为争取……而与……对抗/竞争 ‎(2)competition n. 比赛 competitor n. 竞争者；对手 competitive adj. 有竞争力的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Living in a highly competitive (compete) society, you definitely have to arm yourself with modern technology and skills.‎ ‎②My son was selected to compete in the London marathon.‎ ‎③The prize for the winner of the competition (compete) is a twoweek holiday in Paris.‎ 补全句子 ‎④Athletes from many countries competed_with/against_each_other_for the first gold medal in the Rio Olympic Games.‎ 来自许多国家的运动员为获得里约奥运会的第一枚金牌而彼此竞争。‎ ‎7．stand for代表；象征；表示；主张；支持；容忍 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中stand for的含义 ‎①In China, these knots stand for friendship, love and good luck.代表 ‎②We should respect people of all faiths and stand for religious freedom.主张；支持 ‎③I will not stand for behavior of that kind in my house.容忍 ‎④As we know, pigeons stand for peace.象征 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ stand by　　　　　　　　　 站在旁边；袖手旁观 stand out 突出；显眼；杰出 stand on one's own feet 自立；不依靠他人 ‎⑤Her big eyes make her stand_out in a crowd, so you will recognize her immediately.‎ 她的大眼睛使她在人群中很显眼，因此你会立刻认出她。‎ ‎8．take part in参加；参与 participate in＝take part in　　　　　　 参加；参与 take an active part in 积极参加 play a part in 在……中起作用；在……中扮演角色 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单句改错 ‎①It goes without saying that taking active part in social activities can broaden our horizons.active前加an ‎②Any student who is interested in this activity is welcome to take part in.去掉第二个in或第二个in后加it 单句写作 ‎③我们将去参加今年七月在你们学校举行的夏令营，这使我们感到非常兴奋。(2015·天津高考书面表达)‎ We will go to take_part_in_the_summer_camp_held_by_your_school this July, which makes us very excited.‎ ‎[名师指津]　(1)take part in是固定短语， part前一般不用冠词，但是当part前有形容词修饰时，形容词前要用不定冠词；(2)在使用take part in时，若其后无宾语，则不加介词in。‎ ‎9．nor引导的倒装句型 No other countries could join in, nor_could_slaves_or_women!‎ 别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！‎ ‎(1)“nor/neither＋助动词/系动词be/情态动词＋主语”构成倒装句型，意为“……也不这样”，表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况(否定情况)。‎ ‎(2)so＋助动词/系动词be/情态动词＋主语，意为“……也是如此”，表示某人或某物也有前面说过的情况(肯定情况)。‎ ‎(3)so＋主语＋助动词/系动词be/情态动词，表示说话人同意对方的观点或对前文内容加以强调或肯定，意为“……的确如此”。‎ ‎(4)如果前面句子的谓语既有肯定又有否定，或者形式不同，就用句型So it is/was with ...或It is/was the same with ...。‎ ‎①You can't cancel the contract, nor/neither_can_I.‎ 你不能取消这个合同，我也不能。‎ ‎②—Jack is very crazy about Chinese culture and folk music.‎ ‎—So_he_is and so_are_you.‎ ‎——杰克对中国文化和民族音乐非常痴迷。‎ ‎——他的确如此，你也是。‎ ‎③He is very clever but he doesn't work hard; it_is_the_same_with/so_it_is_with his sister.‎ 他很聪明，但不努力，他姐姐也是这样。‎ ‎[单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．It's foolish (fool) of him to debate the question with his boss.‎ ‎2．The young man had to admit driving (drive) without a driving license. ‎ ‎3．One of the volunteers (volunteer) for the rescue work injured himself when helping others.‎ ‎4．All the old computers in village schools will be_replaced (replace) with new ones.‎ ‎5．Since he had broken the rule, he deserved punishing/to_be_punished_(punish)．‎ ‎6．Not all the advertisements (advertise) can be used to promote the sale of the products.‎ ‎7．The manager, together with his workers, was_invited (invite) to attend the party yesterday.‎ ‎8．The house has been in the charge of him for more than a year.‎ ‎9．Therefore, let's take the responsibility (responsible) to build up a lowcarbon city by riding bicycles.‎ ‎10．As everybody knows, the lazier (lazy) a person is, the more things he needs to do tomorrow.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．He picked them up and replace them in the bag.replace→replaced ‎2．What a bargain! The price of this dress is not half as many as that of the skirt.many→much ‎3．Being admitted a university, whether it is a famous one or not, doesn't necessarily mean you will succeed in your future life.admitted后加to/into ‎4．The book is such interesting that all of the students want to read it._such→so ‎5．It was foolish for you to leave school at such an early age.for→of ‎6．She is satisfied that all her plans have succeeded one by another.by→after ‎7．It's ten years of hard work has made him succeed.work后加that ‎8．If you go to school early tomorrow, so do I．do→will ‎9．GNP stands up gross national product.up→for ‎10．He was lucky that he at last got a chance to compete the Olympics.compete后加in Ⅲ.根据提示词和相关要求补全(或翻译)句子 ‎1．是因为坏天气运动会才不得不被推迟。(强调句式)‎ It_was_because_of_the_bad_weather_that the sports meeting had to be put off.‎ ‎2．参加英语演讲比赛是学习英语的一种很有帮助的方法。(动名词短语作主语)‎ Taking_part_in_the_English_speech_competition is a helpful way to learn English.‎ ‎3．你练习得越多，理解得就越好。(the＋比较级，the＋比较级)‎ The_more_you_practise,_the_better_you_can_understand.‎ ‎4．他是个非常聪明的男孩，大家都非常喜欢他。(so ...that ...)‎ He is so_clever_a_boy_that we all like him.‎ ‎5．我们现在生活在所谓的“信息时代”。(what从句)‎ We live in what_is_called “Information Age” nowadays.‎ Ⅳ.句型转换/一句多译 ‎1．If you don't attend the meeting, I won't, either.‎ ‎→If you don't attend the meeting, _neither_will_I.‎ ‎2．They didn't finish the task successfully and were scolded by the boss. So it was with us.‎ ‎→They didn't finish the task successfully and were scolded by the boss. It_was_the_same_with us.‎ ‎3．If you devote more time to practicing your spoken English, it will become more fluent.‎ ‎→The_more_time you devote to practicing your spoken English, the_more_fluent it will become.‎ ‎4．这家公司在昨天的报纸上登广告想雇用一名销售人员。‎ ‎①The company advertised_for a salesman in yesterday's newspaper.(advertise)‎ ‎②The company put/placed_an_advertisement_for a salesman in yesterday's newspaper. (advertisement)‎ ‎5．首先保持一种开放的思想，因为每个人的想法都值得考虑。‎ ‎①What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyone's ideas deserve_consideration.(deserve＋n.)‎ ‎②What comes first is to keep an open mind, because ‎ everyone's ideas deserve_considering.(deserve＋doing)‎ ‎③What comes first is to keep an open mind, because everyone's ideas deserve_to_be_considered.(deserve＋to be done)‎ ‎6．他不能掌管那家电脑公司，因为这超出了他的能力。(charge)‎ ‎①The computer company can't be in_the_charge_of him because it is beyond his ability.‎ ‎②He can't take_charge_of the computer company because it is beyond his ability.‎ ‎③He can't be in_charge_of the computer company because it is beyond his ability.‎ ‎[高考拆组训练]‎ 阅读理解组块专练——练速度 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Dear Mary，‎ It was so nice to read your letter the other day. I have always dreamed about having a pen friend. Hopefully, we can learn from each other and grow to be the very best of friends. It is my wish that our letters will let us get to know each other and share parts of our lives.‎ Your horse Shannon sounds beautiful. I am very jealous (羡慕的) that you get to live on a farm. I cannot imagine how much fun it is to ride a horse through endless fields and I would ‎ love to come and visit you one day. Your siblings (兄弟姊妹) also sound lovely. I am an only child, so I can only imagine what it is like to have older brothers and sisters.‎ Life in New York is so busy and it is difficult to find the time to get to know people. Even becoming close to my classmates has proved to be quite difficult over the years. However, at times it can be the most amazing city in the whole wide world. At night it is so bright and lively and the whole place is full of things to do.‎ I love reading too! I have never read any books by your favorite author Enid Blyton though. I will have to go to my local library and find some. I also enjoy dancing and often enter competitions. My other favorite hobby is ice skating. In winter, I skate in Central Park. In the other seasons, I go to an indoor rink (溜冰场). I am hoping to start entering ice skating competitions next year.‎ Anyway, I have to go now and do my homework. I really hope that I hear from you soon!‎ Lots of love，‎ Megan 语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。作者通过这封信向对方介绍了一些自己的情况并表示非常高兴能和对方成为好朋友。‎ ‎1．What can we infer from the letter?‎ A．Megan has pen friends all over the world.‎ B．Mary plans to visit Megan in New York.‎ C．Megan has been writing to Mary for years.‎ D．Mary and Megan have just become friends.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。由第一段中的“It is my wish that our letters will let us get to know each other and share parts of our lives.”可知，玛丽和梅甘是刚刚结识的一对朋友，故选D项。‎ ‎2．What is mainly described in Paragraph 3?‎ A．Mary's family.‎ B．Megan's hobbies.‎ C．Mary's life in New York.‎ D．Megan's opinion of New York.‎ 解析：选D　段落大意题。梅甘在本段中主要谈论了自己对纽约这个城市的看法，故选D项。‎ ‎3．How is Mary similar to Megan?‎ A．She likes reading.‎ B．She loves horse riding.‎ C．She has an older brother.‎ D．She lives in the countryside.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第四段中的“I love reading too！”可知，玛丽和梅甘都喜欢读书，故选A项。‎ ‎4．What do we know about Megan?‎ A．Her favorite author is Enid Blyton.‎ B．She goes ice skating all year round.‎ C．Some of her classmates are her best friends.‎ D．She'll enter a dancing competition next year.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“My other favorite ‎ hobby is ice skating. In winter, I skate in Central Park. In the other seasons, I go to an indoor rink(溜冰场)．”可知，梅甘一年四季都去滑冰，故选B项。‎ B ‎(2018·成都摸底测试)“Hungary？”I looked at my school headmaster in confusion.“I never mentioned wanting to go to Hungary.” And with that, my adventure started.‎ My name is Jonathan Diamond and I just finished an amazing school exchange year in Hungary.‎ Going on an exchange had always been my dream.When my high school offered an allyear program, I jumped at the opportunity.It would pay for almost everything and all I had to do was buy a plane ticket.I knew where I wanted to go: Spain, the country of dancers wearing flowing red dresses.So when I heard that I was going to Hungary, I was pretty shocked.But I decided to make the best of it, since it was, after all, a onceinalifetime opportunity.Before I knew it, I was on the airplane, leaving for Budapest Ferenc Liszt International Airport, Hungary.‎ I had difficult times when I almost gave up.Hungarian is the hardest language on the planet. Cultural differences occasionally embarrassed both my peers and me.I had to give up eating carrots, my beautiful favorite, for Hungarians think carrots are rubbish in their country.The change in the landscape was amazing, looking nothing like skyscrapers,‎ ‎ bullet trains, cars, and people in tiny houses that I had been accustomed to.Gradually, I fell in love with the relaxing lifestyle, the warmhearted people, and getting home at 2：30 p．m.at the latest from school.And I was sad to leave on my very last day.‎ Having the host family who took me as one of their own members was the best thing I've ever experienced.From my little sisters, I learned how to embrace life to its fullest.From my brothers I learned that it's OK for a boy to run around the house.From my host parents I learned to stay positive, to smile and that when you pick the right people and take their hands, suddenly, you become friends.‎ ‎5．How did Jonathan feel when he was told to go to Hungary?‎ A．Excited and satisfied.‎ B．Confused and shocked.‎ C．Amazed and embarrassed.‎ D．Delighted and interested.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据首段中的“I looked at my school headmaster in confusion.”可知，作者听到这个消息很迷惑；再结合第三段中的“So when I heard that I was going to Hungary, I was pretty shocked.”可知，选项B正确。‎ ‎6．Why did Jonathan still decide to go to Hungary instead of Spain?‎ A．He didn't like Spain.‎ B．He wanted to learn Hungarian.‎ C．It was a rare chance.‎ D．Going to Hungary was much cheaper.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“But I decided to make the best of it, since it was, after all, a onceinalifetime opportunity.”可知，作者决定充分利用这次机会，因为毕竟这是一次千载难逢的机会，所以选项C正确。a rare chance“一次罕见的机会”。‎ ‎7．What can we learn about Jonathan during his stay in Hungary?‎ A．He fell in love with eating carrots.‎ B．He couldn't wait to leave.‎ C．He was surprised by the landscape.‎ D．He quickly got used to the life there.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The change in the landscape was amazing”可知选项C正确。‎ ‎8．According to Jonathan, the host family ________.‎ A．changed him completely B．taught him how to dance well C．treated him as equally as a student D．showed him the good things of life 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者从寄宿家庭那里学到了很多人生哲学，他们向作者展现了生活中美好的事情，故选项D正确。‎ C My friend Emily has three amazingly wellbehaved children.They put their toys away when she tells them to, go to bed without making any noise, and even settle their own disagreements or quarrels.I actually witnessed her 3yearold son John calmly asking for a truck back from a friend who had pulled it out of his hands suddenly.‎ Emily admits that her children have their moments — “They are kids after all！” — but she says that real discipline (纪律) challenges are not very often.“What's your secret？” I once asked, hoping she could impart some muchneeded wisdom.“Do you threaten them with punishment, give them timeouts or praise them with prizes？” I asked.Emily shook her head and said, “Nothing like that.If I've done anything right, it's that I've made it clear what I expect from them from the beginning.Now, all I have to do is set them an example and shoot them a look, and they know to control their behavior and obey rules.”‎ It may sound too good to be true, but experts agree that Emily has the right idea about teaching kids to behave.“When you make your expectations clear from the time your children are old enough to learn to walk, they accept or absorb those expectations and begin to expect the same thing from themselves，” says Sharon K．Hall, author of Raising Kids in the 21st Century.In other words, since kids naturally want to please their parents, they'll try to behave in the way that ‎ you've taught them to.In fact, experts say that kids as young as 18 months can understand and respond to their parents' expectations.‎ There is good news: Teaching selfcontrol to a young child isn't as worrying as it sounds.“If you set out firm rules, tell them why, offer lots of praise and follow rules yourself at around age 2, your child will catch on faster, resist less, and finally behave better，” says Sharon.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者向朋友询问如何让孩子行为举止优秀，朋友的回答看似简单，其实蕴含着很深的道理。‎ ‎9．Why does the author mention John in the first paragraph?‎ A．To explain why he is so violent.‎ B．To indicate he behaves well.‎ C．To describe his dislike of quarrels.‎ D．To show his unwillingness to share.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。第一段主要描述了朋友的孩子所表现出的优秀的行为举止，作者具体列举的John的例子正是要说明这一点。‎ ‎10．What does the underlined word “impart” in Paragraph 2 mean?‎ A．Offer.　　　　　　　 B．Prove.‎ C．Accept. D．Question.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。由画线词的上下文内容可知，作者希望朋友可以透露自己是如何让孩子的行为变得如此优秀。‎ ‎11．What leads children to meet parents' expectations ‎ according to Sharon?‎ A．Being taught selfcontrol.‎ B．Longing for parents' praise.‎ C．Hoping to make parents happy.‎ D．Worrying about being punished.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第三段的“In other words, since kids naturally want to please their parents, they'll try to behave in the way that you've taught them to.”可知，孩子会为了取悦父母而遵守父母制定的规则。‎ ‎12．What may be the best title for the text?‎ A．What rules should parents set out for kids?‎ B．When should kids be taught selfcontrol?‎ C．The key to getting along well with kids D．The secret to raising wellbehaved kids 解析：选D　标题归纳题。综合全文内容可知，文章是就“如何培养孩子优秀的行为举止”展开的。‎ D For most of us, when we think of sports, we think of playing basketball at a neighborhood court or taking tennis classes at a local fitness club.But for some, sports mean something different: skydiving (跳伞) from an airplane thousands of feet above ground or snowboarding down the steepest of hills.Such sports are called extreme sports.Extreme sports are activities, mostly practiced by young people that involve great speed or height, present a certain element (元素) of danger, and require ‎ specialized equipment.And they are practiced by individuals who, rather than helping a team to win victory, push themselves to their own physical limits, overcoming personal and environmental obstacles (障碍) to achieve a personal goal.‎ Extreme sports give people the chance to do what they want.For example, instead of going scuba diving, which focuses on safety and the proper use of equipment, why not try and reach great underwater depths without the assistance of breathing equipment, a sport known as “freediving”？‎ The X Games, held every summer and winter, are the Olympics of extreme sports.They are viewed by millions of people worldwide, and some of the athletes' faces might also be seen in Olympic events, like snowboarding or ski jumping.Fewer young people take up baseball or football, and many are in favor of sports like cave diving, kite surfing, or bungee jumping.‎ Extreme sports are big business, because they have become so popular.Corporations have realized that they can make a lot of money by buying expensive advertising time during the X Games or hiring a wellknown athlete to advertise a product.Extreme sports fashion has also become a huge moneymaker for corporations.The loose clothing by bigname designers, along with the accessories (装饰品) such as sunglasses, hats, and gloves, are expensive, lending weight to the argument that extreme sports have gone with the greed of large companies.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。极限运动是一项可以最大限度地发挥自我身心潜能，向自身挑战的娱乐体育运动，悄然成为都市青年最流行、最持久的时尚运动。‎ ‎13．What do we know about extreme sports?‎ A．They are popular with every age group.‎ B．They are friendly to the environment.‎ C．They can guarantee people's safety.‎ D．They are generally not team sports.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，极限运动不是一项团体运动。‎ ‎14．What is stressed in Paragraph 3?‎ A．The great rise in popularity of extreme sports.‎ B．The reasons why many people choose extreme sports.‎ C．The fight between extreme sports and traditional sports.‎ D．The difference between the X Games and the Olympics.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第三段可知，本段主要讲的是极限运动越来越受人们的欢迎。‎ ‎15．What's the author's attitude to extreme sports fashion?‎ A．Unconcerned. B．Approving.‎ C．Unfavorable. D．Optimistic 解析：选C　作者态度题。根据最后一段的“lending weight to the argument that extreme sports have gone with the greed of large companies”可知，作者对极限运动风气并不赞同。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Closed circuit television (闭路电视监控系统), called CCTV ‎ for short, is everywhere in today's society.__1__ If you take a bus to school, there will be a camera on it.When you go to the supermarket to buy some bread, a camera will be watching you walk around the shop.If you look up, you'll see cameras on many street corners, at bus stops and even in some public toilets.In 2016, an article published in The Guardian stated that there was one camera for every 11 people in Britain.__2__‎ CCTV is a vital tool for the police and can help the police catch people who committed crime.__3__ Sometimes the pictures aren't clear enough to identify people.Often, criminals cover their faces to avoid being caught.Recently, some talking CCTV cameras have been used in the UK, which warn criminals that their photos have been taken.‎ ‎__4__ As a nation, we rely on it far too much.At what point did we decide to replace police officers with technology? __5__ If more police were around, I'm sure they'd feel just as safe! Many schools across Britain have used CCTV in classrooms, toilets and changing rooms.They say it helps prevent bullying (欺凌)．Does it mean nothing else could be done instead?‎ A．Do we really have so much CCTV around?‎ B．Many people claim to feel safer as a result of CCTV.‎ C．However, CCTV does not always have all the answers.‎ D．In my opinion, CCTV has been beyond reasonable limits.‎ E．There are around 6 million CCTV cameras across ‎ Britain.‎ F．CCTV has the potential to be a weapon in the fight against crime.‎ G．In fact, when we go about our everyday lives, it is impossible to avoid it.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了遍布英国的闭路电视监控系统以及作者对此现象的看法。‎ ‎1．选G　根据本空后所列举的情况可推知，此处是要说明在日常生活中，我们已不可能避开闭路电视监控系统。‎ ‎2．选E　根据本空前所给出的数据可知，此处与上句构成顺接关系，具体说明英国闭路电视监控系统拥有惊人数目的监控摄像头。‎ ‎3．选C　根据上下文内容可知，本空与上句构成对比，且与下句构成顺接关系，即闭路电视监控系统并不总能给出答案。‎ ‎4．选D　根据最后一段内容可知，本空是该段的主题句：在作者看来，人们对闭路电视监控系统的使用太过了；整段内容都是对该观点的说明。‎ ‎5．选B　本空与下句构成对比。一些人支持闭路电视监控系统是因为他们认为这样更安全，作者对此提出反驳意见：如果周围有更多的警察，人们也一样会感觉安全。‎