【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit3

【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit3

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修三Unit3The Million Pound Bank Note单元学案设计 一、必背话题词汇 ‎(一)文学用词 ‎1．literature n．　　　　　　　　　文学 ‎2．masterpiece n. 杰作 ‎3．adaptation n. 改编本；适应 ‎4．novel n. 小说 ‎ ‎5．fiction n. 小说；虚构的事 ‎6．poem n. 诗 ‎7．poetry n. (总称)诗 ‎8．lyric n. 抒情诗 ‎9．essay n. 散文；文章；随笔 ‎10．myth n. 神话 ‎11．legend n. 传说；传奇故事 ‎12．biography n. 传记 ‎13．chapter n. 章 ‎14．volume n. 卷 ‎15．periodical/journal n. 期刊 ‎16．description n. 描述；描写 ‎17．draft n. 草稿；草案 vt. 起草；草拟 ‎18．original adj. 原创的 n. 原作 ‎19．publish vt. 出版；发行 ‎20．recommend vt. 推荐 ‎21．subscribe v. 订阅；订购(报刊等)‎ ‎22．fairy tale 童话故事 ‎23．classical literature/work 古典文学/作品 ‎24．detective novel 侦探小说 ‎25．mystery novel 悬疑小说 ‎26．science fiction 科幻小说 ‎27．works appreciation 作品欣赏 ‎28．a book review 书评 ‎29．be set in 以……为背景 ‎30．adapt ... from ... 根据……改编……‎ ‎31．translate ... into ... 把……翻译成……‎ ‎(二)外国著作名称(了解词汇)‎ ‎1．The Adventures of Tom Sawyer 《汤姆·索亚历险记》‎ ‎2．Pride and Prejudice 《傲慢与偏见》‎ ‎3．Uncle Tom's Cabin 《汤姆叔叔的小屋》‎ ‎4．The Old Man and the Sea 《老人与海》‎ ‎5．Anderson's Fairy Tales 《安徒生童话集》‎ ‎6．Grimm's Fairy Tales 《格林童话集》‎ ‎7．Wuthering Heights 《呼啸山庄》‎ ‎8．Sister Carrie 《嘉莉妹妹》‎ ‎9．Jane Eyre 《简·爱》‎ ‎10．Robinson Crusoe 《鲁滨逊漂流记》‎ ‎11．Gone with the Wind 《飘》(《乱世佳人》)‎ ‎12．A Tale of Two Cities 《双城记》‎ ‎13．Tales from a Thousand and One Nights ‎ 《天方夜谭》(《一千零一夜》)‎ ‎14．Oliver Twist 《雾都孤儿》‎ ‎15．Aesop's Fables 《伊索寓言》‎ ‎16．The Million Pound Bank Note 《百万英镑》‎ ‎1．verse n．　　　　　 诗；韵文；诗节 ‎2．pathetic adj. 哀婉动人的；可怜的 ‎3．periodical n. 期刊；杂志 ‎4．literary adj. 精通文学的 ‎5．illiterate adj. 文盲的 n. 文盲 二、必背话题佳句 ‎1．Literature is a kind of intellectual light, which, like the light of the sun, may sometimes enable us to see what we do not like.‎ 文学是一种理智之光，它和阳光一样，有时能使我们看到我们不喜欢的东西。‎ ‎2．I hold the view that if we students want to know as many great works of literature as we can, we had better read the original work.‎ 我认为我们学生如果想尽可能多地了解伟大的文学作品，最好还是读原著。‎ ‎3．My elder brother thinks staying at home and reading some classic works quietly in a situation of his own can help him better understand the author's ideas.‎ 我哥哥认为待在家里静心地读一些经典作品能帮助他更好地理解作者的思想。‎ ‎4．Besides, no matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost.‎ 另外，一首诗不管翻译得多么好，都会丢掉原作的一些神韵。‎ ‎5．Taking your advice, I have decided to read the article once more.‎ 遵照你的建议，我已决定把文章再读一遍。‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Its author Shakespeare is no doubt the greatest dramatist in the history of English literature (文学)．‎ ‎2．Read Shakespeare's masterpiece (杰作) of the Merchant of Venice, and let us feel the precious friendship.‎ ‎3．I decided to write a poem (诗) about how I felt.‎ ‎4．He gave his friends a vivid description (描述) of his first year's life in the university.‎ ‎5．We knew it would be a bestseller, but even the original (原作) didn't sell well at the start.‎ ‎6．Her biography (传记) revealed that she was not as intelligent as everyone had thought.‎ ‎7．It is no exaggeration to say that any of his novels (小说) has attracted wide attention in the world after their publication.‎ ‎8．Only a handful of his many compositions were allowed to be published (出版) during his lifetime.‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 ‎1．As far as I know, the TV play is adapted_from a true story.‎ ‎2．The Bund of Shanghai Beach is_set_in Shanghai of the 1930s.‎ ‎3．Anna was reading a piece of science_fiction and completely lost in the book.‎ ‎4．Having read the book, he wrote a_book_review.‎ ‎5．This book is reported to have been translated_into many different languages.‎ Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．无论是谁，只要读过这个童话故事，他们就会希望帮助这个卖火柴的小女孩。‎ No_matter_who/Whoever_read_the_fairy_tale,_they wished they could help the little match girl.‎ ‎2．学校图书馆提供各类原著作品，希望它们能够满足不同学生的需求。‎ The school library provides a variety of original works, hoping_they_will_meet_the_needs_of_different_students.‎ ‎3．就像俗语所说：读一本好书就像与一位智者交谈。‎ As the saying goes, reading_a_good_book is like talking with a wise person.‎ ‎■子话题(二)　艺术概览 初背：月日　再背：月日 一、必背话题词汇 ‎1．inspiration n．　　　　　　　 灵感；启发 ‎2．technique n. 技巧 ‎3．production n. 作品 ‎4．reflection n. 反映 ‎5．background n. 背景 ‎6．appeal n．& v. 吸引力；吸引 ‎7．exhibition n. 展览；展览会 ‎8．display n．& vt. 展示；陈列 ‎9．reflect v. 反映 ‎10．unique adj. 独特的 ‎11．abstract adj. 抽象的；深奥的 ‎12．artistic adj. 艺术的 ‎13．extraordinary adj. 非凡的 ‎14．live adj. 现场直播的 ‎15．series n. 系列 ‎16．appreciate vt. 欣赏 ‎17．precious adj. 宝贵的；珍贵的 ‎18．appeal to 吸引 ‎19．true to life 逼真 ‎20．on exhibition/display 在展览 ‎21．range from ...to ... 范围从……到……‎ ‎22．apply ...to ... 把……应用于……‎ ‎23．sense of beauty 美感 ‎24．on show 在展出中 ‎25．abstract art 抽象艺术 ‎1．imitation n．　　　　　　　 仿制品；伪造品 ‎2．melody n. 旋律；曲调；歌曲 ‎3．scandal n. 丑事；丑闻；耻辱 ‎4．tease vt. 逗乐；戏弄；强求 ‎5．rapture n. 狂喜；欢天喜地 二、必背话题佳句 ‎1．Some classic works not only offer us joy and excitement, but also encourage us to think critically.‎ 一些经典作品不但让我们喜悦和兴奋，而且鼓励我们批判性地思考。‎ ‎2．Art is much less important than life, but what a poor life without it!‎ 艺术远没有生活重要，但是没有艺术，生活是多么乏味啊！‎ ‎3．The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their works.‎ 这次展览为当地艺术家提供了展示自己作品的机会。‎ ‎4．Most people invited to the opening ceremony were famous artists.‎ 被邀请参加开幕式的许多人是著名的艺术家。‎ ‎5．Last week, I was off to the gallery, where many abstract oil paintings, ranging from the 13th century to the 20th century, were exhibited.‎ 上周我去了画廊，里面有很多抽象派油画在展出，这些作品时间跨度从13世纪到20世纪。‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．This ability probably has no direct connection with your background (背景), education, work or even hobby.‎ ‎2．All you need is a bit of photographic technique (技巧), some creativity, and a lot of heart.‎ ‎3．It's generally believed that artistic works can vividly reflect (反映) people's feelings.‎ ‎4．Many poets and artists have drawn their inspiration (inspire) from nature.‎ ‎5．An exhibition (exhibit) of painting is going to be held at the art museum when he comes back from abroad.‎ ‎6．As he said, poetry is not being valued, but it is the most artistic (artist)．‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 on exhibition, true to life, appeal to, on show, range from ... to ..., apply ...to ...‎ ‎1．Flowers and trees are true_to_life. People and animals look so vivid as if they were alive.‎ ‎2．The newly discovered Greek sculpture is now on_exhibition at the national museum.‎ ‎3．It is important to always try to appeal_to the audience in order to get them to react in a certain way.‎ ‎4．A study shows the safe driving speed ranges_from 60 km to 80 km per hour.‎ ‎5．The workers are trying to apply modern techniques to this traditional craft.‎ ‎6．The film on_show does not have much sparkle (亮点) on it and is boring.‎ Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．多好的一部喜剧啊！难怪吸引了那么多人来观看。‎ What_a_wonderful_comedy! No wonder it has appealed to so many people.‎ ‎2．这次展出的作品除了动画之外，还将有大量的手稿。‎ This time, the exhibition includes not_only the animation, but_(also) a large amount of manuscripts.‎ ‎3．在博物馆展出的那位艺术家的作品深受大家喜爱。‎ The artist's works displayed/on_exhibition/on_display_at_the_museum were loved by everyone.‎ ‎■子话题(三)　视觉与视听艺术 初背：月日　再背：月日 一、必背话题词汇 ‎(一)绘画 ‎1．studio n．　　　　　　　　　 画室 ‎2．selfportrait n. 自画像 ‎3．sketch n. 草图；素描 ‎4．shade n. 暗影 ‎5．painting n. 油画；水彩画 ‎6．gallery n. 画廊；美术馆 ‎7．art gallery 艺术馆 ‎(二)摄影 ‎1．snapshot/snap n. 快照 ‎2．focus n. 焦点 ‎3．exposure n. 曝光 ‎4．flash/flashlight n. 闪光灯 ‎5．foreground n. 近景 ‎6．take pictures (photos)/take a picture (photo)‎ ‎ 拍照 ‎(三)视听艺术 ‎1．dialogue n. 对白 ‎2．photographer/cameraman n. 摄影师 ‎3．cast n. 全体演员 ‎4．line n. 台词 ‎5．playwright n. 编剧；剧作家 ‎6．costume n. 服装 ‎7．applause n. 喝彩；掌声 ‎8．applaud v. 喝彩；鼓掌 ‎9．cinema n. 电影院 ‎10．theatre n. 剧院 ‎11．auditorium n. 礼堂 ‎12．entrance n. 入口 ‎13．exit n. 出口 ‎14．backstage 后台 ‎15．oneact play 独幕剧 ‎16．be based on 以……为根据 ‎17．Beijing opera 京剧 ‎18．box office/ticket office 售票处 ‎19．book tickets 订票 ‎20．satellite TV 卫星电视 ‎21．remote control 遥控器 ‎22．TV network 电视网 ‎23．evening news 晚间新闻 ‎24．on air 正在播出 ‎25．switch channel 换台 ‎26．queue up/stand in line 排队 ‎27．put on 演出；上演 ‎28．play the role of 扮演(某一角色)‎ ‎1．fascinate vt.　　　　　　　 迷住 vi. 迷人 ‎2．feminine adj. 女性的；女子气的 ‎3．flush n. 兴奋；脸红 ‎4．blonde n. 金发女子；浅色头发的女人 ‎5．disastrous adj. 灾难性的；悲惨的 二、必背话题佳句 ‎1．Five hundred people are expected to come to the opening of the art gallery.‎ 预计有五百人会来参加艺术馆的开幕。‎ ‎2．A press photographer who does not work with his brain, as it were, can never be a real news reporter.‎ 可以说，一个不会思考的摄影记者，决不能成为一个真正的记者。‎ ‎3．As the girl walked down the stage, the entire audience stood to their feet clapping to applaud her wonderful performance.‎ 当女孩走下台时，全场观众都站起来为她的精彩表演鼓掌欢呼。‎ ‎4．It was a fascinating painting, with clever use of color and light.‎ 这是一幅吸引人的绘画，色彩和光线的使用都十分巧妙。‎ ‎5．It is important to all three TV networks that their evening news programs attract as large an audience as possible.‎ 对于三大电视网来说，用晚间新闻来吸引最大量的观众群是很重要的。‎ ‎6．By popular consensus, this is the most valuable painting in the world — it is impossible to calculate what price it would fetch if it ever came on the market.‎ 人们一致认为，这是世界上最有价值的画——如果把它放到市场上，也无法估算它的价格。‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．On another occasion, he invited a number of important critics to see his private collection of modern paintings (绘画)．‎ ‎2．Tom and I were supposed to meet at the movie theatre (剧院), but he never showed up.‎ ‎3．We all agreed to meet at the exit (出口) of the theatre tomorrow morning.‎ ‎4．For a time he believed that he would not make a good actor as he could not deliver his lines (台词)．‎ ‎5．If I had not gone to cinema (电影院) yesterday evening, I would have finished my assignments.‎ ‎6．That actor got a lot of exposure (expose) recently. Now everyone wants to see his movies.‎ ‎7．He found a good place in the rocks, more than twelve feet high with a narrow entrance (enter)．‎ ‎8．But he knew that he would remain an amateur photographer (photograph) if he only took pictures of his family.‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 ‎1．The local drama group are putting_on Macbeth at the playhouse.‎ ‎2．To make things more dramatic, let me play_the_role_of the competitor.‎ ‎3．You must have special permission to take_photos of these paintings.‎ ‎4．The boys stood anxiously in_line to buy the tickets for the football game. Finally, they got the tickets.‎ ‎5．The film we watched yesterday is_based_on a true story.‎ Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．表演很成功，对我来说很难忘记这令人感动的场面。‎ The performance was a great success. It's_impossible_for_me to forget the moving scene.‎ ‎2．为此我非常感激他。遗憾的是，我除了为他照了几张照片，什么也不能为他做。‎ I am very grateful to him for that. It_was_a_pity_that I couldn't do anything for him but take some photos of him.‎ ‎3．阿鲍蕾拉是苏丹的一位作家和剧作家，现在居住于卡塔尔。‎ Aboulela is a Sudanese writer and playwright who_is_now_living_in Qatar.‎ ‎■子话题(四)　舞蹈、雕塑和建筑艺术 初背：月日　再背：月日 一、必背话题词汇 ‎(一)舞蹈 ‎1．perform vt.　　　　　　　　 表演 ‎2．performance n. 表演 ‎3．disco n. 迪斯科 ‎4．ballet n. 芭蕾 ‎5．tango n. 探戈 ‎6．dancing partner 舞伴 ‎7．dance to music 伴着音乐跳舞 ‎(二)雕塑和建筑艺术 ‎1．sculpture n. 雕塑；雕刻；雕刻品；雕像 ‎2．statue n. 塑像；雕像 ‎3．design n．& vt. 设计；图案；图样；样式 ‎4．construct vt. 建设；建筑 ‎5．construction n. 建造 ‎ ‎6．magnificent adj. 壮观的 ‎7．splendid adj. 辉煌的；壮丽的 ‎8．skyscraper n. 摩天大楼 ‎9．cement n. 水泥 ‎10．architect n. 建筑师 ‎11．architecture n. 建筑学 ‎12．arch door 拱门 ‎13．artificial stone 人造石 ‎14．raw material 原材料 ‎15．steel plate 钢板 ‎16．under construction 在建设中 ‎17．be designed for 为……而设计 ‎18．be shaped like 形状像……‎ ‎19．in the shape of 呈……形状 ‎1．nightmare n．　　　　　 噩梦；梦魇 ‎2．notorious adj. 臭名昭著的 ‎3．gracious adj. 谦和的 ‎4．excel vt. 胜过 vi. 杰出 ‎5．anybody n. 重要人物 ‎6．cater vi. 迎合；投合 二、必背话题佳句 ‎1．The first thing I would like to tell you is that it was constructed and built up in the Ming Dynasty.‎ 首先，我要告诉你们的是它创建于明朝。‎ ‎2．Construction workers were asked to attend the ceremony of the completed skyscraper which opened on Saturday.‎ 建筑工人被要求参加周六大楼的竣工典礼。‎ ‎3．Street dancing is referred as the entertainment of poor people before, because it originated from a pastime style of poor black families' children.‎ 从前人们常把街舞当作穷人们的娱乐，因为街舞起源于黑人贫困家庭的小孩的一种消遣方式。‎ ‎4．John goes in for tennis while his wife goes in for painting and sculpture.‎ 约翰喜欢打网球，而他太太则爱好绘画和雕刻。‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写/用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．We spent quite a few days here enjoying this magnificent (壮观的) landscape.‎ ‎2．A bronze statue (雕像) was elected in his honour.‎ ‎3．The bidding is also a great chance for China, a chance to share with the rest of the world its splendid (辉煌的) culture.‎ ‎4．In addition, 59 training sites will be repaired and special facilities for the Paralympics will be constructed (建造)．‎ ‎5．As far as I'm concerned, it was an astonishing performance (perform) for such a young musician.‎ ‎6．Each man has his right to be the architect (architecture) of his own fate, which I like very much.‎ Ⅱ.选词填空 ‎1．Most buildings are under_construction,_and those that have been completed are still empty.‎ ‎2．In the park, the young couples danced_to the beautiful music. They looked very happy.‎ ‎3．Oral exams are_designed_for testing our communicative ability.‎ ‎4．The earth is_shaped_like a sphere (球体) and it is composed mostly of rock.‎ ‎5．One of the mountains was in_the_shape_of a man, with long, long legs and arms and huge shoulders.‎ Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．他的一些附庸风雅的朋友怂恿他买下一个在美术馆里展览的雕刻品。‎ Some of his artsyfartsy friends encourage him to purchase one sculpture which_is_on_exhibition_in_the_gallery.‎ ‎2．我的建议是当我们设计一座大楼时，我们应该提供适合轮椅的入口。‎ My_suggestion_is_that when we design a building, we should provide an entrance suitable for the wheelchairs.‎ ‎3．北方的学校设施往往要好一些，而南方的学校则相对差一些。‎ Schools in the north tend to be better equipped, ‎ while_those_in_the_south_are_relatively_poor.‎ Topic 1　The Million Pound Bank Note (Book 3·Unit 3)‎ ‎[主课文晨读] THE MILLION POUND BANK NOTE Act Ⅰ， Scene 3‎ NARRATOR：It is the summer of 1903. Two old and wealthy brothers, Roderick and Oliver, have made a bet. Oliver believes that with a million pound bank note a man could survive a month in London. His brother Roderick doubts it. At this moment, they It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.‎ RODERICK：Young man, would you step inside a moment, please?‎ HENRY：Who? Me, sir?‎ RODERICK：Yes, you.‎ OLIVER：Through the front door on your left.‎ HENRY：(A servant opens a door) Thanks.‎ SERVANT：Good morning, sir. Would you please come in? Permit me to lead the way, sir.‎ OLIVER：(Henry enters) Thank you, James. That will be all.‎ RODERICK：How do you do, Mr ... er ...?‎ HENRY：Adams. Henry Adams.‎ OLIVER：Come and sit down, Mr Adams.‎ HENRY：Thank you.‎ RODERICK：You're an American?‎ HENRY：That's right, from San Francisco.‎ RODERICK：How well do you know London?‎ HENRY：Not at all. It's my first trip here.‎ RODERICK：I wonder, Mr Adams, if you'd mind us asking a few questions.‎ HENRY：Not at all. Go right ahead.‎ RODERICK：May we ask what you're doing in this country and what your plans are?‎ HENRY：Well, I can't say that I have any plans. I'm hoping to find work. As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident.‎ OLIVER：How is that possible?‎ HENRY：Well, you see, back home I had my own boat. About a month ago, I was sailing out of the bay ... (his eyes stare at OLIVER：Well, go on.‎ HENRY：Oh, yes. Well, towards nightfall I myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. It was all my fault.I didn't know whether I could survive until morning. The next morning OLIVER：And HENRY：Yes. The fact is by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts I went to the American embassy to seek help, but ... (The brothers smile at each other.)‎ RODERICK：Well, you mustn't worry about that. It's an advantage.‎ HENRY：I'm afraid I don't quite follow you, sir.‎ RODERICK：Tell us, Mr Adams, what sort of work did you do in America?‎ HENRY：I worked for a mining company. Could you offer me some kind of work here?‎ RODERICK：Patience, Mr Adams. If you don't mind, may I ask you how much money you have?‎ HENRY：Well, to be honest, I have none.‎ OLIVER：(happily) What luck! Brother, what luck! (claps his hands together)‎ HENRY：Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me! On the contrary, in fact. If this is your idea of some kind of joke, I don't think it's very funny. (Henry stands up to leave) Now if you'll excuse me, I think I'll be on my way.‎ RODERICK：Please don't go, Mr Adams. You mustn't think we don't care about you. Oliver, give him the letter.‎ OLIVER：Yes, the letter. (gets it from a desk and gives it to Henry like a gift) The letter.‎ HENRY：(taking it carefully) For me?‎ RODERICK：For you. (Henry starts to open it) Oh, no, you mustn't open it. Not yet. HENRY：Oh, this is silly.‎ RODERICK：Not silly. There's money in it. (calls to the servant) James?‎ HENRY：Oh, no. I don't want your charity. I just want an honest job.‎ RODERICK：We know you're hardworking. James, show Mr Adams out.‎ OLIVER：Good luck, Mr Adams.‎ HENRY：Well, why don't you explain what this is all about?‎ RODERICK：You'll soon know. (looks at the clock) In exactly an hour and a half.‎ SERVANT：This way, sir.‎ RODERICK：Mr Adams, not until 2 o'clock. Promise?‎ HENRY：Promise. Goodbye.‎ ‎❶see sb. doing sth.“看到某人正在做某事”‎ ‎❷what引导宾语从句 ‎❸“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构 ‎❹had just done ... when ...刚做完……，这时(突然)……‎ ‎❺it is/was ... that ...强调句型 ‎❻that引导表语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句 ‎❼not ... until ...直到……才……‎ ‎❽That's why ...那就是……的原因 ‎[单词“分类记”]‎ ‎(一)阅读障碍词汇(识其形·知其义)‎ ‎1．pavement n．　　　　　　 人行道 ‎2．passage n. 船费(包括食宿)；通道；(一)段 ‎3．embassy n. 大使馆；大使及其官员 ‎4．charity n. 慈善(团体)；施舍 ‎5．barber n. 理发师 ‎(二)高考高频词汇(知其义·写其形)‎ ‎1．novel n. 小说；长篇故事 adj. 新奇的；异常的 ‎2．contrary n. 反面；对立面 adj. 相反的；相违的 ‎3．wander vi. 漫游；漫步；漂泊 ‎4．stare vi. 凝视；盯着看 ‎5．fault n. 过错；缺点；故障 ‎6．spot vt. 发现；认出 n. 斑点；污点；地点 ‎7．seek vt.& vi. 寻找；探索；寻求 ‎8．amount n. 数量 ‎9．manner n. 礼貌；举止；方式 ‎10．indeed adv. 真正地；确实；实在 ‎ (三)活学活用词汇(记得清·用得活)‎ Ⅰ.根据词性和词义写出下列单词 ‎1．adventure n．奇遇；冒险→adventurous adj.惊险的；有冒险精神的 ‎2．scene n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色→scenery n．风景；景色(总称)‎ ‎3．permit vt.& vi.许可；允许；准许 n．通行证；许可证；执照→permission n．许可；批准 ‎4．businessman n．商人→business n．商业；生意 ‎5．account vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有 n．说明；理由；计算；账目→accountant n．会计 ‎6．patience n．耐性；忍耐→patient adj.有耐心的 n．病人→patiently adv.耐心地 ‎7．unbelievable adj.难以置信的；难以相信的→believable adj.可信的→believe vt.& vi.相信；信任→belief n．信念；信仰 ‎8．rude adj.粗鲁的；无礼的→rudely adv.粗鲁地→rudeness n．粗鲁 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．When the kid said “Go away！” rudely,_the young mother patiently told him not to be rude to others, and rudeness would make him looked down upon by people.(rude)‎ ‎2．Tom likes adventure and he has many adventurous experiences.(adventure)‎ ‎3．In our school, the students are not permitted to use phones and without permission they can't leave school during weekdays. (permit)‎ ‎4．He is a good doctor. He always has patience with his patient. He treats them patiently.(patience)‎ ‎5．Do you believe his belief？Do you think it is believable？To be honest, I don't believe in him and I think he is unbelievable.(believe)‎ ‎[短语“语境记”]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎1．bring_up　　　　　　 抚养；培养；教育；提出 ‎2．go_ahead 前进；(用于祈使句)可以；往下说 ‎3．by_accident 偶然；无意中；不小心 ‎4．stare_at 凝视；盯着看 ‎5．account_for 是……的原因；解释 ‎6．on_the_contrary 与此相反；正相反 ‎7．a_large_amount_of 许多；大量 ‎8．take_a_chance 冒险 ‎9．in_rags 衣衫褴褛 ‎10．as_for 关于；至于 ‎(二)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．—Do you both agree with me about the arrangement of the meeting?‎ ‎—He quite agrees with you.As_for me, I am not so satisfied with it.‎ ‎2．If you want to use the bathroom, go_ahead.‎ ‎3．The manager had mercy on the children dressed in_rags and gave them some food.‎ ‎4．As a baby, his parents left him and he was brought_up by his grandfather.‎ ‎5．He seems to be giving the impression that he didn't enjoy himself in Paris.On_the_contrary,_he had a wonderful time.‎ ‎6．Under the rules of the game, you really never know what will happen in the future.You have to take_a_chance!‎ ‎7．It is said body language accounts_for 55 percent of a first impression while what you say just 7 percent.‎ ‎8．After the girl got off the bus that evening, she hit a lamppost (路灯杆) by_accident.‎ ‎[句式“仿写通”]‎ ‎1．Well, towards nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.‎ 嗯，傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。‎ ‎[解读]　found myself carried out为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构。‎ ‎[仿写]　当电影《百万英镑》结束他们要回家时，发现车子被盗了。‎ When the film The Million Pound Bank Note was over and they were to return home, they found_their_car_stolen.‎ ‎2．The next morning I'd just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.第二天早上，当我正因迷失方向感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。‎ ‎[解读]　had just done ...when ...“刚做完……，这时……”。‎ ‎[仿写]　我刚读完马克·吐温的小说《汤姆·索亚历险记》，这时(突然)有人敲门。‎ I had_just_finished_reading Mark Twain's novel The Adventures of Tom Sawyer when someone knocked at the door.‎ ‎3．Indeed, sir, I hope you'll come here whenever you like.‎ 真的，先生，我希望您随时光临。‎ ‎[解读]　whenever ＝ no matter when，在此引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎[仿写]　无论你什么时候想看故事书，不要犹豫，找我好了。‎ Don't hesitate to turn to me whenever_you_feel_like_reading_story_books.‎ ‎[第一板块　重点单词突破]‎ ‎1．permit vt.& vi.许可；允许；准许 n．通行证；许可证；执照 ‎[教材原句]　Permit me to lead the way, sir.‎ 先生，请让我来带路吧。‎ ‎(1)permit sb. to do sth.　　 允许某人做某事 permit doing sth. 允许做某事 sth. permitting ... ……许可的话(独立主格)‎ ‎(2)a driving permit 驾驶执照 ‎(3)permission n．[U] 允许；许可；批准 with/without one's permission 获得某人同意/未经某人允许 ask for permission 请求允许 ‎①Passengers are permitted to_carry (carry) only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane.‎ 乘客只被允许带一件手提行李登机。 ‎ ‎②We'll have a picnic in the woods, weather permitting (permit)．‎ 如果天气允许的话，我们将在树林里野餐。‎ ‎③With your permission_(permit), I will carry out the project as soon as possible.‎ 如果你答应的话，我将尽快展开这项计划。‎ ‎[联想发散]　动词permit 的常见用法为：permit doing sth./sb. to do sth.，请根据提示写出用法类似的动词。‎ ‎①allow doing sth./sb. to do sth. 允许(某人)做某事 ‎②forbid doing sth./sb. to do sth. 禁止(某人)做某事 ‎③advise doing sth./sb. to do sth. 建议(某人)做某事 ‎④encourage doing sth./sb. to do sth. 鼓励(某人)做某事 ‎2．account vi.& vt.认为；说明；总计有n.说明；理由；计算；账目；报道 ‎[教材原句]　The fact is that I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.‎ 事实上我靠做义工来顶替船费，这就是我衣冠不整的原因。‎ ‎(1)account for　　 解释；是……的原因；占……(比例)‎ ‎(2)on account of 由于；因为 on no account 决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)‎ 考虑……‎ ‎(4)give an account of ... 描述……‎ ‎①The application of new technologies and the wide appeal of movie stars could also account_for the increase.(2017·江苏高考书面表达)‎ 新技术的应用和电影明星的广泛的影响力也可以解释这种增加。‎ ‎②On no account must_employees_make personal telephone calls from the office.‎ 雇员们决不允许在办公室打私人电话。‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“决不”的短语还有：in no case, by no means, at no time, in no way, under no circumstances等。‎ ‎3．seek (sought, sought) vt.& vi.寻找；探索；寻求 ‎[高考佳句]　To find out if the special quality was more widespread in birds, the researchers sought the redbacked fairy wren, another species of Australian songbird.(2017·江苏高考)‎ 为了了解这种特点是否在鸟类中更普遍，研究人员找了背部红色的鹪鹩，澳大利亚的鸣鸟的另一个物种。‎ seek to do sth.　　　　　　 试图做某事 seek (for/after) sth. 寻找/追求……‎ seek out 挑选/找出 seek one's fortune 寻找致富之路；碰运气 seek one's advice/help 征求建议/寻求帮助 seek sth. from sb. 向某人寻求某事 ‎①We seek to_help_(help) every student discover the joy and fulfillment in the obtainment of knowledge. ‎ 我们试图帮助每个学生发现获得知识的快乐和满足。‎ ‎②Half an hour later, he sought_out his friend in the crowd.‎ 半小时后，他在人群中找到了他的朋友。‎ ‎③The fact is that nowadays many young people are seeking_their_fortune in big cities.‎ 事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。‎ ‎[联想发散]　表示“寻找”的短语还有：look for, search for, hunt for等。‎ ‎4．scene n．(戏剧)一场；现场；场面；景色 ‎(1)on the scene　　　　　　 当场；出现；到场 appear/come on the scene 出场；登场 ‎(2)scene有“场景；场面；地点”‎ 的含义，后接定语从句，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，一般用关系副词where或in which来引导。‎ 单句语法填空/补全句子 ‎①Reporters soon came on the scene after the accident.‎ ‎②On receiving the call, the police rushed to the scene, where/in_which a traffic accident happened.‎ ‎③撞车事故中有9人当场死亡，还有一人在医院里死亡。‎ Nine people died on_the_scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash.‎ ‎5．fault n．责任；过错；缺点；故障vt.对……挑毛病 find fault with 　　　　　　 吹毛求疵；找毛病 at fault 有错；有责任 单句语法填空 ‎①She was highly selfcritical and also found fault with her friends.‎ ‎②The driver who didn't stop at the red light was at fault in the accident.‎ ‎6．spot vt.发现；认出；点缀n.斑点；污点；地点 ‎(1)spot sb.doing sth.　　　 发现某人正在做某事 on the spot 当场；在现场 ‎(2)spot作为地点名词，后接定语从句时，一般用where引导。‎ 单句语法填空/补全句子 ‎①He spotted his friend talking (talk) with someone in the distance.‎ ‎②More than ten policemen turned up at the spot where the accident happened.‎ ‎③街头采访是一位记者和一位摄像师来到街上现场采访人们。(2017·6月浙江高考)‎ The manonthestreet interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on_the_spot.‎ ‎7．manner n．礼貌；举止；方式 ‎(1)in a ...manner　　　　 以……的方式 It's bad/good manners to do sth. 做某事是没有/有礼貌的 ‎(2)当manner意为“方式；方法；举止；态度”时，常用单数形式；当它意为“礼貌；礼仪；习俗”时，常用复数形式。‎ 单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎①The work should have been done in a more satisfactory manner.‎ ‎②It's bad manners to_break (break) in while others are speaking.‎ ‎③Don't speak to your father like this, or others will say you have bad manner.manner→manners ‎[单词过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Good manners (manner) are a very important key to your social success.‎ ‎2．The rules of the school do not permit parking (park) near the school gate.‎ ‎3．The heavy rain may have accounted for the absence of so many students this morning.‎ ‎4．After the traffic accident happened, the police were on the scene at once.‎ ‎5．Seeking (seek) to find out the real cause of the accident was what he was eager to do.‎ ‎6．It is very important to teach their children how to deal with others' kindness and rudeness (rude)．‎ ‎7．It would be unbelievable (believe) that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends.‎ ‎8．His_patience (patient) and hard work finally paid off with a gold medal.‎ ‎9．Peter was spotted driving (drive) the motorbike through the city center on Thursday.‎ ‎10．The boss keeps finding fault with my work; for some reason he's been getting at me all day.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．The reason he gave to account his late was unbelievable.account后加for ‎2．Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with patient.patient→patience ‎3．He is always polite. He is a man of good manner.manner→manners ‎4．I need to call my dad and ask for permit before we go out.permit→permission ‎5．Many people spend years seek for peace of mind, often with little success.seek→seeking Ⅲ.补全句子/一句多译 ‎1．在我的新发明中我必须考虑一些特定的因素。(account)‎ There are certain factors I must_take_into_account on my new invention.‎ ‎2．尽管他看起来像个绅士，实际上他经常对他的妻子无礼。‎ Even though he looks like a gentleman, he_is_often_rude_to_his wife in fact.‎ ‎3．如果你乱扔垃圾时被抓的话，是要当场被罚款的。‎ If you are caught littering, you will be fined_on_the_spot/scene.‎ ‎4．时间允许的话，我希望有更多的业余时间与朋友们一起度过，以便我们能有更好的关系。(2014·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)‎ ‎①If_time_permits,_I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a better relationship.(条件状语从句)‎ ‎②Time_permitting,_I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a better relationship.(独立主格结构)‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]‎ ‎1．bring up培养；抚养；养育；教育；提出；呕吐 ‎[经典例句]　In my day, children were brought up by the law.‎ 我小时候，小孩子从小被教导要守法。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中bring up的含义 ‎①Born into a family with three brothers, David was brought up to value the sense of sharing.教育 ‎②These are matters that you can bring up in the committee.提出 ‎③He was drunk and brought up what he had eaten at midnight.呕吐 ‎④Her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.抚养 bring about　　　　　 引起；产生；导致；带来 bring sth. back 使某物恢复；带回某物；使想起某事 bring down 让……降下来；使倒下 bring in 引入；赚(钱)‎ bring out 使显现出；阐明；出版；生产 bring sth. back to life 使……恢复生机 ‎⑤If you live in the capital, renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring_in money.‎ 如果你生活在首都，在奥运会或其他重大事件期间租出一间房子，那样会给你带来收入。‎ ‎[语境串记]　The plan he brought up has brought down the costs of production and brought in a lot of profit, which brought the company back to life.‎ 他提出的方案降低了生产成本，带来了巨大的利润，使公司恢复了生机。‎ ‎2．take a chance冒险；试图做某事；碰运气 ‎[经典例句]　The rope might break but that's a chance we'll have to take.‎ 绳子可能会断，但我们只能冒这个险了。‎ ‎(1)take a chance＝take chances　　　 碰运气；冒险 ‎(2)by chance＝by accident 偶然；碰巧 ‎(3) (The) chances are that ... 有可能……‎ There is a chance that ... 有可能……‎ ‎(4)have a chance to do sth. 有机会做某事 ‎①Let's take_a_chance/chances. There may still be some tickets left.‎ 让我们碰碰运气，或许还有剩余的票。‎ ‎②By_chance/accident,_he found the place where his brother had hidden the treasure.‎ 他偶然发现了他弟弟藏宝的地方。‎ ‎③The player is under good treatment and the chances are that he will recover from his injury ‎ in time for the next game.‎ 这个球员正在接受良好的治疗，他有可能将及时摆脱伤病参加下一场比赛。‎ ‎3．Well, towards nightfall I found_myself_carried_out to sea by a strong wind. ‎ 嗯，傍晚时分我发现自己被一阵大风刮到海上去了。‎ find后接复合宾语，carried out为过去分词短语，在句中作宾语补足语，表被动。find 的复合宾语结构如下：‎ ‎(1)find＋宾语＋ ‎(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do(it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语) ‎ ‎①Dick found himself walking (walk) in the direction of Mike's place.‎ 迪克发现自己正朝迈克家的方向走去。‎ ‎②After wandering around, we found_ourselves_back at the hotel.‎ 我们四处漫步后发现自己不知不觉回到了饭店。‎ ‎③Some students find_it_not_easy_to_understand_English grammar.‎ 一些学生发现理解英语语法不容易。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.短语填空 ‎1．用bring的短语填空 ‎①The government has taken measures to bring_down the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.‎ ‎②Nearly all educators believe that a challenging situation can often bring_out the best qualities of a person.‎ ‎③Bearing a heavy burden, she has to work hard to bring_up her children.‎ ‎④The sale of the company's new product is good. It has brought_in two million dollars so far.‎ ‎2．用chance的相关短语完成下面语段 I met one of my old friends ①by_chance (偶然) in the street yesterday. He told me that his brother had been taken away by the police for dangerous driving. ②There's_a_chance_that/Chances_are_that (有可能) he'll be fined a lot of money as a punishment. We should never ③take_chances/a_chance (冒险) when driving a car.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．He didn't know the importance of health until he got seriously ill.(强调时间状语从句)‎ ‎→It_was_not_until_he_got_seriously_ill_that he knew the importance of health.‎ ‎2．He didn't attend the meeting because he was ill.‎ ‎→It_was_because_he_was_ill_that he didn't attend the meeting. (强调原因状语从句)‎ ‎→Why_was_it_that he didn't attend the meeting? (就because he was ill提问的强调句)‎ ‎3．He found that his daughter was surrounded by letters and papers and she looked very worried.(find的复合结构)‎ ‎→He found_his_daughter_surrounded by letters and papers and looking very worried.‎ 一、表达能力——用课文词汇写高分作文 ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①今天早上，我在街上走的时候，注意到一个可怕的场景。‎ This morning, I was walking in the street when I noticed a_terrible_scene.‎ ‎②一辆车撞倒了一个衣衫褴褛的人，并导致了他的死亡。‎ A car knocked down a man in_rags,_and caused his death.‎ ‎③一些警察出现在现场。我发现司机被一辆警车带走了。‎ Some policemen came_on_the_scene,_and I found that the driver was taken away in a police car.‎ ‎④警察调查了情况，说这是司机的错。‎ The police looked into the case and said that it was the_driver's_fault.‎ ‎⑤司机有可能会被判处监禁。‎ It was possible that the driver would_be_sentenced_to_prison.‎ ‎⑥从我内心看，我希望每一个司机不会在开车时冒险。‎ From_the_bottom_of_my_heart,_I hope every driver won't take_a_chance while driving a car.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用现在分词作结果状语升级句②‎ A_car_knocked_down_a_man_in_rags,_causing_his_death.‎ ‎(2)用“find＋宾语＋宾补”结构改写句③‎ Some_policemen_came_on_the_scene,_and_I_found_the_driver_taken_away_in_a_police_car.‎ ‎(3)用chance改写句⑤‎ There_was_a_chance_that_the_driver_would_be_sentenced_to_prison.‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇： soon after, so)‎ This morning, I was walking in the street when I noticed a terrible scene. A car knocked down a man in rags, causing his death. Soon after, some policemen came on the scene, and I found the driver taken away in a police car. The police looked into the case and said that it was the driver's ‎ fault. So there was a chance that the driver would be sentenced to prison. From the bottom of my heart, I hope every driver won't take a chance while driving a car.‎ 二、阅读能力——用课文句型解构高考长难句 ‎[本单元突破点——强调句式]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文长难句 It is Henry Adams, an American businessman, who is lost in London and does not know what he should do.‎ ‎“It is Henry Adams ... who”是强调句式，“an American businessman”作Henry Adams的同位语。‎ 正是当我回到公寓的时候，我第一次偶然遇到了我的新邻居们。‎ 真题长难句 It was when I got back to my apartment that I first came across my new neighbors.(2017·天津高考单选)‎ 本句是一个强调句式，其结构为“It is/was ... that ...”。本句强调“when I got back to my apartment”。‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 话题 词数 建议用时 休斯敦五家另类剧院 ‎269‎ ‎6分钟 ‎(2018·安徽省重点高中高三模拟)‎ Five Mustvisit Alternative Movie Theaters in Houston Wortham Giant Screen Theater — Journey to Yellowstone, Kenya, or even the Triassic period at the Wortham Giant Screen Theater, located inside the Houston Museum of Natural Science. Far from a fossil, the 394seat theater features a large screen with 4K resolution and a sixtrack sound system, the perfect tools to bring its 3D attractions to life.‎ Brown Auditorium Theater — Add variety to your cinematic diet at Brown Auditorium Theater, inside the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston. Brown Auditorium Theater was designed in 1974 by famous architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and updated in 2000. The theater screens both classic and modern films as well as world cinema and documentaries.‎ River Oaks Theater — Enjoy dinner and a movie in style at the River Oaks Theater, Houston's typical movie theater located inside the fashionable River Oaks Shopping Center. Spring for extra costplus seating to settle into a leather recliner (躺椅) and receive pushofabutton food and drink service. Showings typically include contemporary documentaries ‎ and fiction films and, naturally, the traditional midnight showing of The Rocky Horror Picture Show.‎ Sundance Cinemas Houston — Book your tickets in advance for the easily reserved seating movie theater Sundance Cinemas Houston. The MetroRailnearby downtown theater keeps independent films on deck, but doesn't mind showing the latest great blockbuster (大片). And its onsite cafe serves up pizza, popcorn and more.‎ Showboat Drivein Theater — Park the car at the Showboat Drivein Theater in Hockley where “it's not just a movie ... it's an experience！” For a small price, families, friends, and lovers alike get snacks, souvenirs, and a double feature of the newest releases.‎ ‎1．What's the Wortham Giant Screen Theater unique for?‎ A．The latest films.　　　 　B．Advanced equipment.‎ C．A long history. D．Easy reach.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Wortham Giant Screen Theater部分中的“the 394seat theater features a large screen with 4K resolution and a sixtrack sound system”可知该剧院设有一个大屏幕，其具有4K分辨率和一个六声道音响系统，设备先进，故选B。‎ ‎2．What can you experience in the River Oaks Theater?‎ A．Drive your car in.‎ B．Buy friends gifts.‎ C．See cultural films.‎ D．Enjoy convenient food service.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据River Oaks Theater部分中的“seating to settle into a leather recliner (躺椅) and receive pushofabutton food and drink service”可知在该剧院可享受到便捷的饮食服务，故选D。‎ ‎3．Which cinema is located in the city center?‎ A．Sundance Cinemas Houston.‎ B．Brown Auditorium Theater.‎ C．The River Oaks Theater.‎ D．The Showboat Drivein Theater.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Sundance Cinemas Houston部分中的“The MetroRailnearby downtown theater ...”可知该剧院位于市中心轻轨旁，故选A。‎ B 话题 词数 建议用时 歌剧 ‎317‎ ‎7分钟 ‎(2017·山西太原市高三模拟)Opera is an art form that celebrates the human voice. No other ‎ art form creates excitement and moves the heart in the way that opera does, especially when performed by a great singer. Opera is an important part of the Western classical music tradition. It uses music, words, and actions to bring a dramatic story to life. Opera started in Italy at the end of the 16th century and later became popular throughout Europe. Over the years, it has responded to various musicals. In recent decades, much wider audiences have been introduced to opera through modern recording technology. Some singers have become celebrities thanks to performing on radio, on TV, and in the cinema.‎ However, in recent years, opera has been facing serious challenges. One current challenge to opera is economics. The shortage of money raises the broader question of how much should be paid to support opera singers and other artists. Society seems to accept the large salaries paid to business managers and the multimilliondollar contracts given to sports athletes. But what about opera singers? Somehow, people have the idea that artists can be creative only if they suffer in poverty, but this is unrealistic. If artists, including opera singers, lack the support they need, valuable talent is wasted.‎ Not only the shortage of money, but also the way money is managed in the opera world has led to hardships. Principal singers are generally paid performance fees once they complete a show. They typically receive nothing during the many weeks of rehearsal (排练) before a show starts.‎ Another problem faced by opera is how to meet the demands of audiences who are influenced by popular entertainment. Pop singers are often judged as much on the basis of how they look as how they sound. These demands may be unrealistic and possibly harmful. Opera singers simply cannot make a sound big enough to fill a large theater or concert hall without a microphone if their body weight is too low. Emphasizing physical appearance over singing ability may cause audiences to miss out on the human voice at its best.‎ There are no easy solutions to opera's problems and there are many different opinions about the value of opera. However, every year many young people register for music courses with hopes and dreams of developing their talent in this special art form. The fact that opera has survived many obstacles and continues to attract the rising generation shows that it remains a respectable art form full of value.‎ ‎4．Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage？A.Opera singers' life stories are dramatic.‎ B．Opera will soon appear on TV and in films.‎ C．Opera fans thank celebrities for performing.‎ D．Opera develops by adapting to new conditions.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Over the years, it has responded to various musicals.”可推知，歌剧适应新的状况而得以发展，故选D。‎ ‎5．What can we know from Paragraphs 2 and 3?‎ A．Opera singers are financially insecure.‎ B．Opera singers waste their valuable talent.‎ C．Opera singers get paid before the show.‎ D．Opera singers perform better if they are poor.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“One current challenge to opera is economics.”以及第三段第一句“Not only the shortage of money, but also the way money is managed in the opera world has led to hardships.”可知，歌剧演唱家的经济是有问题的，不安全的，故选A。‎ ‎6．What does the author try to say in Paragraph 4?‎ A．Popular culture has had a positive influence on opera B．Audiences know best how opera should be performed.‎ C．Microphones should be used to make opera more enjoyable.‎ D．Opera singers' voices should be valued more than their looks.‎ 解析：选D　推理归纳题。根据第四段最后一句“Emphasizing physical appearance over singing ability may cause audiences to miss out on the human voice at its best.”可知，歌剧演唱家的声音要比外貌重要得多，故选D。‎ ‎7．What would be the best title for this passage?‎ A．The Economic Challenge to Opera B．Opera Faced with the Difficulties C．Opera as Part of Popular Culture D．The Historical Context of Opera 解析：选B　标题归纳题。根据最后一段第一句“There are no easy solutions to opera's problems and there are many different opinions about the value of opera.”并结合全文的整体内容可知，本文主要讨论的是歌剧所面临的问题和挑战，故选B。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2018·郑州市高三第三次质量预测)Yesterday I was walking along a busy road when I noticed a young man standing near the pedestrian crossing，selling toys.‎ ‎ Usually I would __1__ and hurry past such sellers before being approached to buy something. But I found this young man was __2__， so I stood for some time without crossing the street. I wanted to see __3__ he sold his toys.‎ ‎__4__， a young mother with a small child came by and the child was __5__ by one of the toys in a large box that made a noise. The young mother asked for the __6__ and it was charged at only one dollar. She __7__ a 10dollar note from her purse and told the young man that she was giving him 10 dollars and wanted the __8__ back. I was wondering how he was going to give it back. He told the young mother to put the money in the bag __9__ his neck and take out __10__‎ ‎ change he owed her. She then put her hand into the bag and took out the balance while I was __11__ her like a hawk (鹰)．‎ I realized that this young man depended on __12__ people not to cheat him. There was no __13__ of him knowing if someone took out more than they should have done. I was so __14__ by how this disabled man believed in people that I bought a toy from him I didn't __15__ at all.‎ He said it cost one dollar and I, too, told him that I had only a 10dollar note. He told me to do the __16__ thing. So I put my 10 dollars in his __17__. I put my hand in, but didn't take any change. I hope he will find that he has more __18__ than he should when he gets home. As I walked down the street I saw another kid walking with his father, __19__ I gave him the little toy. Then, I walked on, hoping that two people would have a __20__ smile on their faces that day.‎ ‎1．A.ignore　　　　　　　　　 　B．look C．pause D．help 解析：选A　根据下文的“hurry past such sellers”可知，作者在这种情况下通常是不理会、匆忙走过去的。‎ ‎2．A.patient B．honest C．blind D．strange 解析：选C　根据下文的“this disabled man”可知，这个卖玩具的年轻人是个残疾人，结合选项可知选C。‎ ‎3．A.why B．whether C．when D．how 解析：选D　根据下文的“I was wondering how he was going to give it back.”可知，作者当时想一探究竟，看这个盲人是如何卖东西的 。‎ ‎4．A.Quickly B．Shortly C．Finally D．Quietly 解析：选B　根据语境可知，不一会儿就有人来光顾这名男子的摊位了。‎ ‎5．A.attracted B．annoyed C．caught D．driven 解析：选A　由下文这位母亲买玩具可知，小孩子被玩具吸引了。‎ ‎6．A.bargain B．reason C．discount D．price 解析：选D　结合下文的“and it was charged at only one dollar”可知，这位年轻的母亲是在询问玩具的价格。‎ ‎7．A.searched for B．pulled out C．picked up D．emptied out 解析：选B　根据下文的“a 10dollar note from her purse”可推知，年轻的母亲从钱包里掏出10美元。pull out“掏出”。‎ ‎8．A.note B．toy C．change D．deal 解析：选C　根据语境及“wanted the __8__ back”的提示可推知，此处表示要找回的零钱。change“零钱”。‎ ‎9．A.tied to B．dropping from C．carried on D．hanging around 解析：选D　根据下文的“his neck”可推知，年轻男子的脖子上挂着个袋子，是收钱用的。‎ ‎10．A.whichever B．whatever C．however D．whoever 解析：选B　whatever引导宾语从句，在从句中作定语，修饰名词change，符合语境。‎ ‎11．A.watching B．suspecting C．checking D．following 解析：选A　与下文的“like a hawk (鹰)”呼应，作者当时在仔细打量这位母亲，watch sb. like a hawk为固定用法。‎ ‎12．A.begging B．convincing C．trusting D．encouraging 解析：选C　根据下文的“this disabled man believed in people”可知，这个年轻人依赖于相信人们不会欺骗他。trust“信任，相信”。‎ ‎13．A.point B．way C．chance D．doubt 解析：选B　因为这个年轻商贩是个盲人，因此别人多拿了零钱他也没办法知道。‎ ‎14．A.demanded B．surprised C．touched D．influenced 解析：选C　根据语境可知，残疾的年轻商贩对人们的信赖感动了作者，所以作者也买了一个玩具。‎ ‎15．A.need B．know C．value D．store 解析：选A　根据下文的“at all”可推知，作者当时并不需要玩具，纯粹是被年轻人的信赖所感动。‎ ‎16．A.opposite B．good C．equal D．same 解析：选D　根据语境可推知，年轻商贩要作者和之前的买家一样去自己拿零钱。‎ ‎17．A.hand B．bag C．box D．pocket 解析：选B　与上文的“He told the young mother to put the money in the bag __9__ his neck”呼应，作者也把钱放进了商贩挂在脖子上的袋子里。‎ ‎18．A.money B．forgiveness C．confidence D．appreciation 解析：选A　结合上文的“I put my hand in, but didn't take any change.”可推知，作者没有拿回零钱，那么商贩回家后就会发现多了钱。‎ ‎19．A.but B．or C．so D．for 解析：选C　根据语境可知，空处前后表示逻辑上的因果关系，这与上文作者买了根本不需要的玩具呼应。‎ ‎20．A.ready B．polite C．gentle D．broad 解析：选D　根据上文的“but didn't take any change”“I gave him the little toy”可推知，作者没有拿回零钱以及赠予了小孩儿玩具，作者希望商贩和小孩儿都应该很开心。broad smile表示“满面的笑容。”‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2018·湖南长沙市高三第二次模拟)I had in my hands two boxes which God gave me __1__ (hold). He said, “Put all your sorrows in the black box, and all your __2__ (joy) in the gold box.” I listened to his advice, and in the two boxes I stored both my joys and sorrows. The gold one became __3__ (heavy) each day, while the black one was as light as before. With __4__ (curious), I opened the black one; I wanted to find out why. And I saw, in the base of the box, a hole which __5__ (I) sorrows had fallen out through. I showed the hole to God, and thought about it __6__ (careful) for a long time, “I wonder __7__ my sorrows could be.”He smiled a gentle smile __8__ said, “My child, they're all here with me.” I asked God why he gave me __9__ boxes, and why the black one __10__ (have) a hole. “My child, the gold one is for you to count your blessings; the black one is for you to let go.”‎ ‎1．to hold　hold和定语从句中的谓语gave之间没有连词，故此处用不定式作后置定语。‎ ‎2．joys　空处与sorrows形成呼应，故用名词的复数形式joys，下文的“my joys and sorrows”也是信息提示。‎ ‎3．heavier　根据while的提示可知，前后句表示逻辑上的对比关系，且与each day呼应，故用形容词比较级作表语。‎ ‎4．curiosity　‎ 介词后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故此处用名词curiosity作介词With的宾语。‎ ‎5．my　考查代词。此处用形容词性物主代词修饰名词sorrows，在句子中作定语。‎ ‎6．carefully　副词修饰动词、副词、形容词或者整个句子，在句子中作状语，故此处用副词carefully修饰动词thought。‎ ‎7．where　结合下文的“My child, they're all here with me”可推知，作者疑惑的是自己的悲伤的去向，故用where引导宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语。‎ ‎8．and　根据语境可知，动词smiled和said表示的是两个连续的动作，故用连词and。‎ ‎9．the　boxes不是第一次在文章中出现，故用定冠词the修饰，表示特指。‎ ‎10．had　根据全文内容可知，文章讲述的是发生在过去的事情，故此处用have的过去式形式。‎ Topic 2　Art (Book 6·Unit 1)‎ ‎[主课文晨读] A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN ‎ PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD.‎ The Middle Ages (5th to 15th century AD)‎ During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.‎ The Renaissance(15th to 16th century)‎ During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements.‎ One of the most important discoveries during this period was This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. By coincidence, oil paints were also ‎ developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces Impressionism(late 19th to early 20th century)‎ In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists，who lived and worked in Paris.‎ The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous.‎ Modern Art (20th century to today)‎ At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call “modern art”. the Impressionists encouraged artists to look at their There are scores of modern art styles, but without the Impressionists, many of these painting styles might not exist. On the one hand, some modern art is abstract; that is, the painter does not attempt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes, but instead concentrates on certain qualities of the object, using colour, line and shape to represent them. On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs. These styles are so different. Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?‎ ‎❶as引导原因状语从句 ‎❷动词不定式作表语 ‎❸It is/was evident that ...“显然……”‎ ‎❹“特殊疑问词＋不定式”结构作表语 ‎❺条件状语从句的虚拟语气，表示与过去事实相反的情况 ‎❻without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句 ‎❼介词短语置于句首，句子完全倒装 ‎❽This is because ...这是因为……(because后跟原因)‎ ‎[单词“分类记”]‎ ‎(一)阅读障碍词汇(识其形·知其义)‎ ‎1．gallery n．　　　　　 美术陈列室；画廊 ‎2．conventional adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 ‎3．ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 ‎4．controversial adj. 争论的；争议的 ‎5．aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的 ‎6．contemporary adj. 当代的；同时代的 ‎(二)高考高频词汇(知其义·写其形)‎ ‎1．abstract adj. 抽象的；深奥的 n. 摘要 ‎2．aim n. 目标；目的 vi.& vt. 瞄准；(向某方向)努力 ‎3．evident adj. 明显的；明白的 ‎4．attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图 vt. 尝试；企图 ‎5．specific adj. 确切的；特定的 ‎6．figure n. 画像；身材；数字 ‎7．allergic adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的 ‎8．reputation n. 名声；名誉 ‎ (三)活学活用词汇(记得清·用得活)‎ Ⅰ.根据词性和词义写出下列单词 ‎1．faith n．信任；信心；信念→faithful adj.忠实的；守信的→faithfully adv.忠实地 ‎2．typical adj.典型的；有代表性的→type n．类型；典型 ‎3．adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养→adopted adj.收养的；领养的→adoption n．收养 ‎4．possess vt.拥有；具有；支配→possession n．(尤作复数)所有；财产 ‎5．coincidence n．巧合(的事)；(事情、口味、故事等)相合→coincident adj.同时发生的；同一时间发生的 ‎6．predict vt.预言；预告；预测→prediction n．预言→predictor n．预言者 ‎7．preference n．喜爱；偏爱→prefer v．喜爱；偏爱 ‎8．appeal vi.有感染力；呼吁；求助 vt.将……上诉 n．呼吁；恳求→appealing adj.吸引人的；动人的 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Mr.White is the adopted son of Mrs.Green, who adopted him when his parents died 20 years ago.Thanks to her adoption,_Mr.White could receive a good education and became an ‎ engineer.(adopt)‎ ‎2．As a predictor,_he often made wrong predictions though he tried his best to predict everything.(predict)‎ ‎3．He possessed these houses. That is to say, these houses are his personal possessions.(possess)‎ ‎4．I have faith in him because he has served us faithfully for many years, and I think he is a faithful and honest friend. (faith)‎ ‎5．The headmaster has a preference that he prefers overseas Chinese scholars highly and encourages them to return home to start their own careers.(prefer)‎ ‎[短语“语境记”]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎1．by_coincidence　　　　　　 巧合地 ‎2．concentrate_on 集中；全神贯注于 ‎3．be_allergic_to 对……过敏 ‎4．as_a_consequence 结果 ‎5．a_great_deal 大量；非常 ‎6．lead_to 导致 ‎7．scores_of_... 大量；许多 ‎8．on_the_other_hand (可是)另一方面 ‎9．in_the_flesh 活着的；本人 ‎10．appeal_to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣；呼吁 ‎(二)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．The boy never eats fish because he is_allergic_to it.‎ ‎2．You look much younger in_the_flesh than in the photographs.‎ ‎3．Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence. On_the_other_hand,_it could just put you in debt.‎ ‎4．Sport has become an important form of entertainment, appealing_to both men and women.‎ ‎5．She looked very pale and seemed to have suffered a_great_deal.‎ ‎6．By_coincidence my husband and I have the same birthday.‎ ‎7．It is raining now and as_a_consequence,_the match will have to be delayed.‎ ‎8．What is known to us is that it's human's activity that leads_to global warming.‎ ‎[句式“仿写通”]‎ ‎1．Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.‎ 在那些突破传统画法的画家中有印象派画家，他们在巴黎生活和工作。‎ ‎[解读]　表示方位的介词短语位于句首时句子用完全倒装。‎ ‎[仿写]　我注意到画廊的门前站着许多手拿鲜花的学生，他们在等着那位著名画家的到来。‎ I noticed that in front of the gallery stood_many_students_holding_flowers,_waiting for the arrival of the famous artist.‎ ‎2．At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call “modern art”．‎ 在印象派作品的创建初期，它们是存在着争议的，但是如今已被人们接受而成为我们现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。‎ ‎[解读]　从句“what we call ‘modern art’”作介词of的宾语，what在从句中作call的宾语。‎ ‎[仿写]　这真让人吃惊，我十岁的弟弟声称他喜欢所谓的“印象派”。‎ It is really surprising that my tenyearold brother claimed he was fond of what_is_called_Impressionism.‎ ‎3．Henry Clay Frick, a rich New Yorker, died in 1919, leaving his house, furniture and art collection to the American people.‎ 亨利·克莱·弗里克是纽约的一位富豪，于1919年去世，把他的房子、家具和艺术收藏品全部留给了美国人民。‎ ‎[解读]　现在分词短语作结果状语。‎ ‎[仿写]　这位可怜的画家在贫病交加中死去，给世人留下了大量珍贵的画作。‎ The poor painter died with poverty and illness, leaving_the_world_a_lot_of_valuable_paintings.‎ ‎[第一板块　重点单词突破]‎ ‎1．aim n．目标；目的；瞄准vi.& vt.瞄准；对准；旨在；(向某方向)努力 ‎[教材原句]　During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.‎ 在中世纪，画家的主要任务是把宗教的主题表现出来。‎ ‎(1)take aim at　　　　　 向……瞄准 achieve one's aim 达到某人的目的；实现某人的目标 with the aim of 以……为目标；意在/旨在……‎ ‎(2)aim to do sth. 意欲/企图/旨在做某事 aim at doing sth. 旨在做某事 be aimed at doing sth. 旨在做某事 aim at/for 针对；瞄准；目的在于 ‎ ‎(3)aimless adj. 无目的的 aimlessly adv. 无目的地 ‎①She started the Ladybug Foundation, an organization aiming_at getting rid of homelessness. (2017·北京高考)‎ 她创办了小瓢虫基金会，一个致力于解决无家可归问题的组织。‎ ‎②We're aiming for a big improvement.‎ 我们力求取得重大进步。‎ ‎2．possess vt.(不用于进行时)拥有；具有；支配 ‎[教材原句]　Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. ‎ 富人们想拥有自己的艺术品，以便他们能装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。‎ ‎(1)be possessed of　　　　　　　 具有(某品质、能力等)‎ ‎(2)possession n. (常作复数)所有；财产 get/take/gain/have possession of 　 拥有；占有 be in possession of 占有；拥有；持有 be in sb.'s possession＝be in the possession of sb.‎ ‎ 为某人所有；在某人的控制下 ‎ ‎①As the saying goes, “A true friend is the best possession (possess)．” ‎ 俗话说：“真正的朋友是最宝贵的财富。”‎ ‎②Although he doesn't possess much money, he is possessed (possess) of good health.‎ 虽然他没有很多钱，但是他拥有健康的身体。‎ ‎③Anyone who is in_possession_of weapons without permission is considered lawbreaking.‎ 任何人未经允许拥有武器都被视为违法。‎ ‎[名师指津]　in possession of 表主动，意为“拥有……；占有……”，主语通常为表示人的词语；in the possession of 表被动，意为“被……占有”，主语通常为表示物的词语。‎ ‎3．attempt n．努力；尝试；企图 vt.尝试；企图；努力 ‎[经典例句]　I will attempt to answer all your questions.‎ 我将努力回答你所有的问题。‎ ‎(1)attempt/try/intend to do sth. 　 　 努力/企图做某事 ‎(2) make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 试图做某事 at the first attempt 第一次尝试 ‎ ‎①Personally speaking, parents are making an attempt to_protect (protect) their kids by giving whatever they require.‎ 就我个人而言，父母们正努力通过给孩子要求的任何东西来保护他们的孩子。‎ ‎②If you fail at_the_first_attempt,_there is no need to care about that.‎ 如果你第一次尝试失败的话，也没必要担心。‎ ‎③It is said that Australian scientists are making fresh attempts at explaining climate change.‎ 据说澳大利亚的科学家们在解释气候变化上正做一些新鲜的尝试。‎ ‎[写作联想]　经典例句的其他表达方式 ‎①I will try/intend to answer all your questions.‎ ‎②I will do/try my best to answer all your questions.‎ ‎③I will make an attempt to answer all your questions. ‎ ‎④I will make efforts to answer all your questions.‎ ‎4．figure n．画像；人物；身材；图形；数字v.估计；计算；认为 ‎[高考佳句]　Furthermore, around 50% of the world's population live in regions where the figure is now below the replacement level (i.e. 2.1 births per woman) and almost all developed nations are experiencing subreplacement birth rate.(2017·江苏高考)‎ 此外，大约50%的世界人口生活在这样的地区，在这些地区，数字低于置换水准(也就是说每位女士生2.1个孩子)，而且几乎所有的发达国家正在经历人口负增长。‎ ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中figure的含义 ‎①I figure that different people like different things. 认为 ‎②She does exercise every morning to keep her figure.身材 ‎③Add up all these figures and tell me the result.数字 ‎④There is a figure of the queen on the wall.画像 ‎(1)figure out　　　　　　 理解；想出；计算出 ‎(2)keep one's figure 保持身材 ‎ have a good figure 身材好 ‎⑤I can't figure_out why he quit his job.‎ 我不能理解他为什么要离职。‎ ‎[语境串记]　 Being a popular social figure, she always manages to have a good figure and figures out ways to attract the attention of the majority.‎ 作为一位受欢迎的公众人物， 她总能保持一个好身材并且想出办法来吸引大众的注意力。‎ ‎5．faith n．信任；信心；信念；承诺 单句语法填空/同义替换 ‎①Besides, it is also very important that friends should be faithful (faith) to each other. ‎ ‎②If you act in good faith, he'll have no reason to question your motives. ‎ ‎③Whatever you are going through, you need always to believe in (＝have_faith_in) yourself. ‎ ‎④Sometimes life is going to hit you in the head with a brick. Don't lose heart (＝lose_faith). ‎ ‎6．adopt vt.采用；采纳；收养 单句语法填空/同义替换/补全句子 ‎①Sally was_adopted (adopt) when she was four.‎ ‎②It's high time that we took (＝adopted) different approaches to solving the social problem. ‎ ‎③The suggestion that the_new_rule_be_adopted/taken (应该采纳新规则) came from the chairman. ‎ ‎[名师指津]　adopt与adapt在拼写上只有一个字母之差，但在意义上却大相径庭。adapt意为“(使)适应；改编”。‎ ‎7．predict vt.预言；预告；预测 单句语法填空/同义替换/句型转换 ‎①He was unwilling to make a prediction (predict) about which books would sell best in the coming year. ‎ ‎②By 2050, it's said early (＝predicted) that a quarter of China's population will be 65 or older. ‎ ‎③People predicted that there will be five scientific achievements in the 21st century.‎ ‎→It_is_predicted_that there will be five scientific achievements in the 21st century.‎ ‎[单词过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The local government has taken some effective measures, aimed/aiming (aim) at cutting down the cost during the tough economy.‎ ‎2．The boys made an attempt to_leave (leave) for camping but were stopped by their parents.‎ ‎3．Above all, man's dearest possession (possess) is life, and it is given to him to live but once.‎ ‎4．It was quite a long time before I figured out what had happened to the manager.‎ ‎5．A certain man planted a rose and watered it faithfully (faith) and before it blossomed, he examined it.‎ ‎6．The animal welfare organizations provide care and adoption (adopt) for homeless or abused animals.‎ ‎7．Not having_predicted (predict) the risks in the stock market, they are now suffering a great financial loss.‎ ‎8．The parents have a strong preference for their youngest child.‎ ‎9．As far as I am concerned, the short message is typical (type) of information technology, but it needs to be used with care.‎ ‎10．An exhibition (exhibit) of peasant paintings from Longmen will be put on in Huizhou Museum at 2：00 pm on July 4th.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．The criticism wasn't aimed to you.to→at ‎2．All attempt to control the spread of the disease have failed because of the bad weather in that area.‎ attempt_→attempts ‎3．Many worldfamous paintings are in possession of the wealthy old man.in后加the ‎4．We appreciate your apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter.‎ figure后加out ‎5．Distance learning is being adopted as in several countries to help children in remote rural schools.去掉as Ⅲ.一句多译/句式升级 ‎1．这项活动的目的是提高学生的听说能力。‎ ‎①This_activity_aims_to_improve_the_students'_ability_of_listening_and_speaking. (aim to do)‎ ‎②This_activity_is_aimed_at_improving_the_students'_ability_of_listening_and_speaking. (be aimed at)‎ ‎③The_aim_of_this_activity_is_to_improve_the_students'_ability_of_listening_and_speaking. (aim n．)‎ ‎2．作为动物的天堂而出名，这个公园拥有460多个动物物种。‎ ‎①Known as the paradise of animals, the park possesses_more_than_460_species.(possess)‎ ‎②Known as the paradise of animals, the park is in_possession_of_more_than_460_species.(possession)‎ ‎③The park, known_as the paradise of animals, takes_possession_of_more_than_460_species.(possession)‎ ‎3．The man is trying his best, and he attempts to move the boat, with his body in a strange shape.‎ ‎→The man is trying his best, attempting to move the boat, with his body in a strange shape. ‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]‎ ‎1．on the other hand (可是)另一方面 ‎[教材原句]　On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that they look like photographs.‎ 而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么写实，看上去就像是照片。‎ ‎(1)on (the) one hand ...; on the other hand ...‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　 一方面……；另一方面……‎ ‎(2)for one thing ...; for another ... 首先……；其次……/一则……；‎ ‎ 二则……‎ ‎(3)first(ly) ...; second(ly) ... 第一……；第二……‎ ‎①On_the_other_hand,_shopping online may cause people to buy goods that are not badly needed.‎ 另一方面，网上购物可能造成人们购买那些根本不需要的东西。‎ ‎②For one thing, I can help take care of the children. For_another,_I can improve my English, make more friends, and enrich my life during the summer vacation.‎ 一则，我可以帮助照看孩子；二则，我能提高我的英语、交更多朋友并丰富我在暑假期间的生活。‎ ‎[名师指津]　 on the one hand中的the可以省略，而on the other hand中的the不能省略。‎ ‎2．appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；(使某人)感兴趣；呼吁 ‎[教材原句]　It will appeal to those who love Impressionist and PostImpressionist paintings.‎ 展览将吸引印象派和后印象派作品的爱好者。‎ ‎(1)appeal to sb. for ... 为……向某人呼吁或请求 appeal to sb. to do sth. 恳求/呼吁某人做某事 ‎(2)make an appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁或请求 ‎ make an appeal to sb. to do sth. 呼吁/恳求某人做某事 ‎①We should appeal to people to_save (save) things that the nature offers to us as well.‎ 我们应该呼吁人们也要拯救大自然赋予我们的东西。‎ ‎②We made an appeal to the villagers for money to build the bridge.‎ 为建造这座桥，我们呼吁村民捐款。‎ ‎③The Students' Union make an appeal to us students to do housework in our spare time.‎ 学生会呼吁我们学生在业余时间做些家务。‎ ‎3．Among_the_painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were_the_Impressionists,_who lived and worked in Paris.‎ 在那些突破传统画法的画家中有印象派画家，他们在巴黎生活和工作。‎ 本句为“介词短语＋系动词＋主语”的全部倒装句式。‎ 全部倒装句式的其他结构为：‎ ‎(1)表示地点的介词短语/表示时间、地点的副词/形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语 ‎(2)表示方位、时间、地点的副词(out, into, up, away, here, there等)＋谓语动词＋主语 ‎①Present at the evening party was_our_English_teacher yesterday.‎ 昨天出席晚会的有我们的英语老师。‎ ‎②Into the complete silence of the waiting class came_the_teacher's_sweet_voice,_“Good morning, children.” (2015·湖北高考)‎ 在全班同学静静地等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音：“孩子们，早上好。”‎ ‎③The Public Square is an eyecatching sight of the city. There stand_many_stone_sculptures of famous historical figures.‎ 大众广场是这座城市的耀眼风景。那里矗立着许多著名历史人物的石头雕像。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 Xiao Liang was a painting lover. He collected 1.scores_of famous paintings. He had 2.concentrated_on this hobby for 15 years. His life 3.depended_on selling those paintings. On one hand, he attempted to sell them at high prices. 4.On_the_other_hand,_he wanted to 5.appeal_to the buyers with paintings of high quality. To his very delight, he once got a valuable painting by Picasso. He got it completely 6.by_coincidence,_but he didn't claim it for his own. He devoted it to the government, for which he was highly spoken for his selflessness and honesty.‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 ‎1．The library is east of the teaching building.‎ ‎→East of the teaching building is_the_library.‎ ‎2．A young man with a magazine in his hand sat by the window.‎ ‎→By the window sat_a_young_man with a magazine in his hand.‎ ‎3．The light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.‎ ‎→So fast does_the_light_travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.‎ 一、表达能力——用课文词汇写高分作文 aim， attempt， figure， adopt， appeal to， typical， technique， superb， sculptor， sculpture， carve， scores of ‎ ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①Romon是一位有名的法国雕刻家，他喜欢雕刻人物。‎ Romon is a famous French sculptor,_and he likes carving_figures.‎ ‎②他的雕塑采用了许多极好的有代表性的方法。‎ His sculptures_adopt_many_superb_typical_techniques.‎ ‎③他旨在吸引更多的人来欣赏他的作品。‎ He aims_to_appeal more people to enjoy his works.‎ ‎④他还企图卖光他的全部雕塑作品。‎ He attempts_to_sell up all his sculpture works.‎ ‎⑤Romon凭借他的努力在众多的雕塑家中脱颖而出。‎ Romon stands out among scores_of sculptors with his efforts.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用限制性定语从句和高级词汇升级句①‎ Romon_is_a_famous_French_sculptor_who_is_fond_of_carving_figures.‎ ‎(2)用倒装句改写句⑤‎ With_his_efforts,_among_scores_of_sculptors_stands_out_Romon.‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇： on the one hand, on the other hand, consequently)‎ Romon is a famous French sculptor who is fond of carving figures. His sculptures adopt many superb typical techniques. On one hand, he aims to appeal more people to enjoy his works; on the other hand, he attempts to sell up all his sculpture works. Consequently, with his efforts, among scores of sculptors stands out Romon.‎ 二、阅读能力——用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——主语从句＋状语从句或定语从句]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文长难句 But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.‎ it是形式主语，that从句是主语从句，该从句中包含when引导的时间状语从句。‎ 我看到的完全不像我过去所经历的任何事情。‎ 真题长难句 What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past. (2017·全国卷Ⅰ完形填空)‎ What从句是主语从句，anything后面是省略关系代词的定语从句I had experienced in the past.。‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 话题 词数 建议用时 艺术海报设计大赛 ‎229‎ ‎6分钟 STUDENT ART COMPETITION This MLK Day, the Corporation for National & Community Service (CNCS) is running a fun poster competition for kids in kindergarten to 12th grade.In honor of the 54st anniversary (周年纪念日) of the March on Washington, kids and teens create a poster that encourages others to serve and answers Dr.King's question: What are you doing for others?‎ All entries (参赛作品) must show：‎ ‎·a creative, artistic answer to the question ‎·an encouraging message, calling on young people to serve others Other details：‎ ‎·Entries must be no larger than 11 inches×17 inches.‎ ‎·Entries must be posted before February 28.‎ The winners：‎ ‎·Entries will be judged in the following grade groups: K2, 35, 68, and 912.‎ ‎·Winners will be selected by a group of judges.‎ ‎·One grand prize (特等奖) winner per grade group.‎ ‎·Two runnersup (亚军) per grade group.‎ Prizes ‎·Grand prize winners: A Samsung tablet computer and the opportunity to have his or her poster displayed at the Martin Luther King, Jr.Memorial Bookstore.‎ ‎·Runnersup: The opportunity to have his or her poster displayed at the Martin Luther King, Jr.Memorial Bookstore.‎ ‎·$1,000 will be given to the guidance teacher of the grand prize winner.‎ For more information and the rules, visit www.scholastic.com.‎ For more teaching resources on MLK Day for kids and teens, visit www.scholastic.com/MLKDay.‎ ‎1．By running the competition, CNCS mainly wants to ______.‎ A．encourage young people to study art B．develop young people's thinking ability C．let young people know more about Dr.King D．call on young people to do things for others 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“kids and teens create a poster that encourages others to serve”以及“All entries (参赛作品) must show”中的“an encouraging message, calling on young people to serve others”可知，CNCS举办这次大赛主要是为了鼓励年轻人为他人服务，故答案选D。‎ ‎2．What do we know about the entries?‎ A．They will not be accepted until February 28.‎ B．They have to show answers to Dr.King's question.‎ C．Students have to create their own entry by themselves.‎ D．All of them will be displayed at the Memorial Bookstore.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据“All entries (参赛作品) must show”中的“a creative, artistic answer to the question”可知，每一幅参赛海报都应该用艺术形式来回答马丁·路德·金的问题：你为他人做了些什么。故答案选B。‎ ‎3．The number of grand prize winners of the competition is ________.‎ A．8　　　　　　　　　 　B．6‎ C．4 D．2‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据“The winners”中所提供的信息可知，参赛选手根据年龄被分为四组，每组产生一名特等奖获得者，共四名，故答案选C。‎ B 话题 词数 建议用时 岩画 ‎322‎ ‎8分钟 Valcamonica has one of the largest collections of rock drawings in the world.There have been about 200,000 figures and symbols carved into the rocks over a time period of approximately 8,000 years.Valcamonica's pictures show various scenes and are connected through common themes like magic, war, navigation and agriculture.‎ The rock drawings discovered in Valcamonica were the first prehistoric symbols of their kind recognized anywhere in the world.UNESCO first recognized the drawings in 1979 when about 140,000 were discovered, however, since then many more have been uncovered.‎ These drawings are spread all across the valley.The carvings began to taper_off during the Iron Age and fewer appeared after that.The last period has been attributed to (归功于……) the Camunni people.Still there are drawings that have been identified as being from the 19th century.Many of these were created using the technique of engraving (雕刻)．‎ Some of the figures discovered in Valcamonica have been superimposed (叠印) without any order, but in most cases they appear in logical orders and also explain the relationship between each picture or symbol to tell a story.‎ The first known modern report of the rock carvings was in 1909 when Walther Laeng happened upon two decorated rocks in Capo di Ponte.Scholars only took interest in the drawings in the 1920s.More rocks with engravings were soon found in the areas nearby and research into their history began.In the 1930s comprehensive study campaigns were undertaken.‎ It was after the Second World War that the cataloging and mapping of the engravings began.This task was taken up by various teams of experts from Italy and other countries that were led by Laeng.In 1955 preservation work on the rocks began.‎ In 1968, a large series of conferences were held where scholars from all over the world met to discuss the rock drawings, which give us some idea of what various societies of the past might have been like.‎ ‎4．What do we know about Valcamonica's pictures?‎ A．They tell a long whole story.‎ B．They are interrelated in some ways.‎ C．They were carved 8,000 years ago.‎ D．They were first discovered in 1979.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第一段中的“Valcamonica's pictures show various scenes and are connected through common themes like magic, war, navigation and agriculture.”可知，梵尔卡莫尼卡谷地的岩画展示了不同的场景，并且通过共同的主题连接在一起。‎ ‎5．The underlined part “taper off” in Paragraph 3 can best be replaced by “________”．‎ A．turn up B．go up C．die out D．stand out 解析：选C　词义猜测题。由画线部分下文中的“fewer appeared after that”可知，这些雕刻在铁器时代逐渐减少，故由此推断，taper off意为“逐渐减少”。‎ ‎6．What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?‎ A．The history of the rock drawings.‎ B．The features of the rock drawings.‎ C．The discovery of the rock drawings.‎ D．The formation of the rock drawings.‎ 解析：选C　段落大意题。由第五段中的“The first known modern report of the rock carvings was in 1909”和“More rocks with engravings were soon found in the areas nearby”可知，本段主要讲述了岩画的发现。‎ ‎7．Studies of the rock drawings ________.‎ A．show us the development of art B．started after the Second World War C．were conducted by scholars from UNESCO D．help us know something about societies of the past 解析：选D　细节理解题。由最后一段中的“give us some idea of what various societies of the past might have been like”可知，对梵尔卡莫尼卡谷地岩画的研究能让我们对过去的人类社会有所了解。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2018·四川成都市高三二诊)Color is in everything we touch, taste, smell and feel. It evokes (唤起) emotion without any thought. __1__ We are all familiar with it, but do you know the following facts?‎ Silver will save your life. When buying a new car and finding yourself facing various choices, you can't think clearly. Your best choice is to go with silver. Silvercolored cars are least likely to be involved in a car accident. __2__ Another reason is the silver color's ability to have a look of cleanliness.‎ ‎__3__ Tough prisoners and crazy patients? It is the color commonly used to help calm down those who are out of control. So it surely has a useful place and a purpose, other than decorating a dress or Barbie's dream house.‎ Yellow makes you hungry. Yellow and orange are not recommended for use in kitchens, as they have a positive influence on your appetite. __4__ I'm not normally one for conspiracy (阴谋) theories — but perhaps there's something in it for them if we remain ignorant of yellow's effects.‎ Color is an imaginary friend. Technically, it's all in our heads: color does not exist at all. __5__ So, if you start a heated debate over color combinations with someone that you are certain has a low IQ or is just colorblind, remember it's a pointless argument and you should drop it ‎ instantly. You're both wrong.‎ A．Pink comforts the nerves.‎ B．Blue is the most common favorite color.‎ C．They are most noticeable on the road and in low light.‎ D．Yellowcolored walls seldom leave us wanting more food.‎ E．It can be the focus of our careers, our lifestyle and the fun we have.‎ F．Then where would our restaurant owners be without the clever tricks?‎ G．Color tries to make sense of the huge amount of information from the outer world.‎ ‎1．选E　根据上文的“Color is in everything we touch, taste, smell and feel. It evokes (唤起) emotion without any thought.”可知，色彩与人们的生活密切相关，可以唤起人们的情感。E项“色彩是人们职业、生活方式和娱乐的焦点”与此呼应，故选E项。‎ ‎2．选C　根据上文的“Silvercolored cars are least likely to be involved in a car accident.”及下文的“Another reason is the silver color's ability to have a look of cleanliness.”可知，银色引人注目，不易引起交通事故，故选C项。‎ ‎3．选A　根据下文的“It is the color commonly used to help calm down those who are out of control.”可推知，本段所介绍的颜色有定心安神的作用，故选A项。‎ ‎4．选F　根据下文的“I'm not normally one for conspiracy (阴谋) theories — but perhaps there's something in it for them if we remain ignorant of yellow's effects.”可推知应选F项，餐馆老板利用色彩的作用招揽更多的顾客。‎ ‎5．选G　根据上文的“Color is an imaginary friends. Technically, it's all in our heads: color does not exist at all.”可推知，本段对色彩进行了综合性的客观描述，与G项吻合，故选G项。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 ‎(2018·湖北省武汉市武昌区高三调研考试)‎ Living without an aim is like sailing without compass. If there is no aim in our lives, we will get lose. Last term, I couldn't accept the truth which I failed in my math examination. I decided to give it up, so I skipped from classes frequently. Considered my case, my teacher offered me several detailed approach and advised me to set a shortterm goal to improve my math. Finally, I work harder than ever and made great progress in her math. In my opinion, success lies in a series of goals. However, we should remember to make our targets clearly and spare no effort to realize our dreams.‎ 答案：第一句：compass前加a 第二句：lose→lost 第三句：which→that 第四句：去掉from 第五句：Considered→Considering; approach→approaches 第六句：work→worked; her→my 第八句：However→Therefore; clearly→clear Topic 3　Poems (Book 6·Unit 2)‎ ‎[主课文晨读] A FEW SIMPLE FORMS OF ‎ ENGLISH POEMS There are various ‎ Some poems tell a story or describe something in a way that will give the reader a strong impression. Others try to convey certain emotions. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. In this text, however, we will look at a few of the simpler forms.‎ Some of the first poetry is nursery rhymes. These rhymes like the one on the right (A) are still a common type of children's poetry. The language is concrete but imaginative, and they delight small children because they rhyme, have strong rhythm and a lot of repetition. The poems may not make sense and even seem contradictory, but they are easy to learn and recite. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes, children learn about language.‎ A Hush, little baby, don't say a word，‎ Papa's going to buy you a mockingbird.‎ If that mockingbird won't sing，‎ Papa's going to buy you a diamond ring.‎ If that diamond ring turns to brass，‎ Papa's going to buy you a lookingglass.‎ If that lookingglass gets broke，‎ Papa's going to buy you a billygoat.‎ If that billygoat runs away，‎ Papa's going to buy you another today.‎ Some simple poems are like B and C that list things. List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. B I saw a fishpond all on fire I saw a fishpond all on fire，‎ I saw a house bow to a squire，‎ I saw a person twelvefeet high，‎ I saw a cottage in the sky，‎ I saw a balloon made of lead，‎ I saw a coffin drop down dead，‎ I saw two sparrows run a race，‎ I saw two horses making lace，‎ I saw a girl just like a cat，‎ I saw a kitten wear a hat，‎ I saw a man who saw these too，‎ And said though strange they all were true.‎ C Our first football match We would have won ...‎ if Jack had scored that goal，‎ if we'd had just a few more minutes，‎ if we had trained harder，‎ if Ben had passed the ball to Joe，‎ if we'd had thousands of fans screaming，‎ if I hadn't taken my eye off the ball，‎ if we hadn't stayed up so late the night before，‎ if we hadn't taken it easy，‎ if we hadn't run out of energy.‎ We would have won ...‎ if we'd been better!‎ Another simple form of poem that students can easily write is the cinquain, a poem made up of five lines. With these, students can convey a strong picture in just a few words. Look at the examples (D and E) on the top of the next page.‎ D Brother Beautiful, athletic Teasing, shouting, laughing Friend and enemy too Mine E Summer Sleepy, salty Drying, drooping, dreading Week in, week out Endless F A fallen blossom Is coming back to the branch.‎ Look, a butterfly!‎ ‎(by Moritake)‎ G Snow having melted，‎ The whole village is brimful Of happy children.‎ ‎(by Issa)‎ Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that is made up of 17 syllables. It is not a traditional form of English poetry, but is very popular with English writers. It is easy to write and, like the cinquain, can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using the minimum of words. The two haiku poems (F and G) above are translations from the Japanese.‎ Did you know that English speakers also enjoy other forms of Asian poetry — Tang poems from China in particular? A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English. This Tang poem (H) is a translation from the Chinese.‎ H On and on the river flows.‎ Never looking back，‎ Transformed into stone.‎ Day by day upon the mountain top，‎ wind and rain revolve.‎ this stone would utter speech.‎ ‎(by Wang Jian)‎ With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own. It is easier than you might think and certainly worth a try!‎ ‎❶why引导定语从句修饰先行词reasons ‎❷省略关系代词that的定语从句 ‎❸while“而，却”，表示两者之间的对比 ‎❹where引导地点状语从句 ‎❺省略if的虚拟条件句 ‎[单词“分类记”]‎ ‎(一)阅读障碍词汇(识其形·知其义)‎ ‎1．rhyme n．　　　　　　　　 韵；押韵；押韵的词 vi.& vt. (使)押韵 ‎2．nursery n. 托儿所 ‎3．diploma n. 毕业文凭；学位证书 ‎4．scholarship n. 奖学金；学问；学术成就 ‎5．contradictory adj. 引起矛盾的；好反驳的 ‎(二)高考高频词汇(知其义·写其形)‎ ‎1．convey vt. 传达；运送 ‎2．concrete adj. 具体的 ‎3．flexible adj. 灵活的；可弯曲的；柔顺的 ‎4．pattern n. 模式；式样；图案 ‎5．tease vi.& vt. 取笑；招惹；戏弄 ‎6．branch n. 枝条；支流；部门 ‎7．eventually adv. 最后；终于 ‎8．exchange n. 交换；交流；互换 vt.& vi. 调换；交换 ‎9．sponsor n. 赞助人；主办者；倡议者 vt. 发起；举办；倡议 ‎10．load n. 负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)‎ ‎ (三)活学活用词汇(记得清·用得活)‎ Ⅰ.根据词性和词义写出下列单词 ‎1．endless adj.无穷的；无止境的→end n．& v．终止；结束→ending n．结尾；结局 ‎2．translation n．翻译；译文→translate v．翻译→translator n．译员；翻译家 ‎3．transform vi.& vt.转化；转换；改造；变换→transformation n．变化；改观；转变；改革 ‎4．sorrow n．悲伤；悲痛；懊悔→sorrowful adj.悲伤的；悲痛的 ‎5．appropriate adj.适当的；正当的→inappropriate adj.不适当的 ‎6．darkness n．黑暗；漆黑→dark adj.黑暗的 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．—How did the story end?‎ ‎—Just like most romantic stories, it had a happy ending.The prince killed the monster and ‎ saved the princess in the end and they lived happily ever after.(end)‎ ‎2．The company has been transformed from a family business into a multimillionpound operation.It has undergone (经历) a complete transformation in the past decade.(transform)‎ ‎3．—Is now a(n) appropriate time to call on Professor Simpson?‎ ‎—I think so.But jeans and Tshirt are quite inappropriate for such a visit and I suggest you put on something formal.(appropriate)‎ ‎[短语“语境记”]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎1．make_sense　　　　　　　　 有道理；讲得通 ‎2．stay_up 熬夜 ‎3．take_it_easy 轻松；不紧张；从容 ‎4．run_out_(of) 用完 ‎5．be_made_up_of 由……构成 ‎6．be_popular_with 受……欢迎 ‎7．hold_on 坚持；忍受 ‎8．let_out 发出；放走；泄露 ‎9．try_out 测试；试验 ‎10．in_particular 尤其；特别 ‎(二)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．Our class is_made_up_of 60 students, of whom two fifths are girls.‎ ‎2．You've been working hard for the past week.You must take_it_easy and relax over the weekend.‎ ‎3．She loves the song in_particular,_because her mother used to sing it.‎ ‎4．Jane let_out where she had hidden her father's birthday present.‎ ‎5．This passage just didn't make_sense to me, no matter how I read it.‎ ‎6．If we continue to destroy and waste the natural resources like this, we will run_out_of them sooner or later.‎ ‎7．The film which is starred by Wu Jing is_popular_with many people.‎ ‎8．He has to stay_up late to prepare for the important examination.‎ ‎[句式“仿写通”]‎ ‎1．There are various reasons why people write poetry.‎ 人们写诗有各种各样的原因。‎ ‎[解读]　why引导定语从句修饰先行词reasons。‎ ‎[仿写]　我去那里的唯一理由就是想看看我喜欢的那位诗人。‎ The only reason why_I_went_there_was_that I wanted to meet the poet whom I like.‎ ‎2．Should the traveller return, this stone would utter speech.‎ 行人归来石应语。‎ ‎[解读]　本句为虚拟条件句省略if的倒装句式。‎ ‎[仿写]　我真想知道假如李白有一天读了这首诗，他会作何评价？‎ I really wonder should_Li_Bai_read_this_poem some day, what would he remark?‎ ‎3．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from, students may eventually want to write poems of their own.‎ 有这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许想自己写诗歌了。‎ ‎[解读]　“With ...to choose from”属于“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构。‎ ‎[仿写]　他喜欢唐诗。有这么多唐诗可读，他一定会非常高兴的。‎ He loves Tang poems.With_so_many_Tang_poems_to_read,_he must be more than happy.‎ ‎[第一板块　重点单词突破]‎ ‎1．convey vt.传达；表达；运送；传导；传播 ‎[教材原句]　Others try to convey certain emotions.‎ 有些诗则是为了传达某种感情。‎ convey ...to sb.　　　　 向某人表达/传递/传达……‎ convey ... from A to B 把……从A地运到B地 convey one's feelings/meaning/sorrow/appreciation ...for ...对……表达某人的感情/意思/难过/感谢……‎ ‎①They took a more reasonable approach, conveying (convey) to their children how success at school could improve their lives.‎ 他们用一种更加合理的方法向他们的孩子传达学业的成功将如何改善他们的生活。‎ ‎②In this letter I would like to convey_my_sincere_appreciation to you for your assistance.‎ 对于您的帮助，我想在这封信中表达对您衷心的感谢。‎ ‎③Your luggage will be conveyed from the airport to your hotel.‎ 你的行李将会被从机场运送到宾馆。‎ ‎2．transform vi.& vt.转化；转换；改造；变换 ‎[教材原句]　Never looking back, Transformed into stone.‎ 化为石，不回头。‎ ‎(1)transform ...into ...　　　　 把……变成……‎ transform from ...to ... 从……到……转换 transformed from ...into ... 从……变成……‎ ‎(2)transformation n． 变化；改观；转变；改革 ‎①We are living in a time of social transformation (transform)．‎ 我们正生活在一个社会变革的时代。‎ ‎②It is hard to_transform (transform) an adult from an illiterate person to a learned one.‎ 很难将一个成年人从一个文盲转变成一个博学的人。‎ ‎③Every moment of every day, energy is being_transformed (transform) from one form into another.‎ 每时每刻，能量都在由一种形式转换成另一种形式。‎ ‎3．exchange n．交换；交流；互换vt.& vi.调换；交换 ‎[经典例句]　I've offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a week's accommodation.‎ 我已经提出粉刷厨房，条件是让我免费住宿一周。‎ ‎(1)make an exchange　　　　 交换 in exchange (for ...) 作为交换(……)‎ ‎(2)exchange ...for ... 用……交换……‎ exchange ...with ... 与……交换……‎ ‎(3)exchange student 交换生 ‎①There will be music, dancing, singing, games and exchanging (exchange) gifts.‎ 在这儿有音乐、舞蹈、唱歌、游戏和互相交换礼物(的活动)。‎ ‎②Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant population by demanding language skills in_exchange_for work permits, or in some cases, citizenship. (2017·6月浙江高考)‎ 意大利是最近试图通过要求语言技能作为工作许可或是某些情况下居民关系的交换来控制增长的移民数量的西欧国家。‎ ‎③The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to check our claims, and to judge our actions.‎ 互联网使我们能够和许多其他人交流思想，以此来检验我们的主张和判断我们的行动。‎ ‎④In addition, I have volunteered to help two exchange_students with their Mandarin learning during the past two years.(2015·四川高考满分作文)‎ 此外，在过去两年我自愿帮助两名交流生学习普通话。‎ ‎[名师指津]　exchange和change作动词时，前者强调双方交换，而后者则强调事物的属性或位置的改变。‎ ‎4．load n．负担；负荷物(尤指沉重的)vt.& vi.装载；加重；把弹药装入(枪炮)‎ ‎[经典例句]　With a heavy work load, almost all teenagers look forward to having happy holidays from school.‎ 由于学业负担重，几乎所有的青少年都盼望走出学校去过快乐的假期。‎ ‎(1)take a load off one's mind　　 打消某人的顾虑 loads of＝a load of 大量的；许多的 ‎(2)load up 装载/载满货物 load ...with ... 用……装载……；使……负担 load ...into/onto ... 把……装入(到)……；使……负担 ‎(3)upload/download/unload 上传/下载/卸货 overload n. 超载；负荷过多 ‎①Even though I have loads/a_load_of homework to do, I'll spend some free time having sports so that I can keep fit and energetic.‎ 尽管我有许多作业要做，但是我还会花费一些业余时间锻炼，以便我能保持健康和有精力。‎ ‎②Some students complain that they are loaded with too much homework.‎ 一些学生抱怨说他们的作业太多了。‎ ‎③The good news has taken a load off my mind.‎ 这个好消息打消了我的顾虑。‎ ‎[名师指津]　“loads of/a load of＝lots of/a lot of”既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词。‎ ‎5．tease vi.& vt.取笑；招惹；戏弄 单句语法填空/补全句子 ‎①His friends used to tease him about his fancy clothes.‎ ‎②一些年轻女子站在那里，有说有笑，还互相挑逗。‎ Some young women were standing there, talking, laughing and teasing_each_other.‎ ‎6．appropriate adj.适当的；正当的 单句语法填空/同义替换 ‎①It is not appropriate to_ask (ask) such personal questions in an interview.‎ ‎②As for me, I don't think it is suitable (＝appropriate) for parents to quit their jobs in order to provide better conditions for their children.‎ ‎[名师指津]　在“it is appropriate that”句型中，从句常用(should) do虚拟语气结构。‎ ‎[单词过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．In everyday communication, information conveyed (convey) by gestures is often misinterpreted.‎ ‎2．It is a surprise that the faraway village has_been_transformed (transform) into a famous tourist city in only ten years.‎ ‎3．Life is like a bus loaded (load) with passengers, each man to his destination.‎ ‎4．Some students feel that exchanging (exchange) gifts can make more friends and expand their network of friends.‎ ‎5．Many students with a large amount of pocket money may not know how to use it appropriately (appropriate)．‎ ‎6．We should use our schedule flexibly (flexible) to balance our academic and spare time.‎ ‎7．English is one of the branches (branch) of Germanic family of languages.‎ ‎8．We had many difficulties at first, but eventually (eventual) we succeeded.‎ ‎9．To his sorrow, he has lost all his relations in the earthquakes.‎ ‎10．You can't fully appreciate foreign literature in translation (translate)．‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．He gave me a novel in exchange with my notes.with→for ‎2．The truck was loaded with goods, which your brother used to drive, broke down on the way.去掉_was ‎3．Whether he is changing his appearance or transform his music, he is a pioneer in music.transform→transforming ‎4．I think it isn't appropriate of you to attend the party in such a casual coat.of→for ‎5．The sun gives off light and warm, which makes it possible for plants to grow.warm→warmth ‎6．His income is bare enough for him to live from hand to mouth.bare→barely Ⅲ.补全句子 ‎1．为了珍藏一个美好的回忆，我们交换了礼物。(exchange)‎ We exchanged_gifts_so_as_to_treasure a beautiful memory.‎ ‎2．当你进入超市时，你会看到装满商品的货架。(load)‎ When you enter the supermarket, you will see shelves_loaded_with_goods.‎ ‎3．我觉得它试图向我们传达我们需要从不同的角度看待问题。(convey)‎ I think it_tries_to_convey_that we need to look at things from different angles.‎ ‎4．就像名字暗示的那样，“低碳”生活方式是一种旨在尽量降低生活中二氧化碳排放量的新型生活方式。(pattern)‎ As implied in the name, “lowcarbon” lifestyle is_a_kind_of_new_pattern_of_lifestyle_which_aims_to_lower the carbon dioxide emission in living as much as possible.‎ ‎5．为了保护自然，政府已经设法把严重污染空气和水的工厂转移或者搬迁至远处。(transform)‎ To protect nature, the government has managed to_transform_or_move_the_factories far away which polluted the air and water much.‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]‎ ‎1．take it easy (＝take things easy)轻松；不紧张；从容 ‎[经典例句]　They do bad work because they want to take it easy and still get paid.‎ 他们工作差劲是因为他们想轻松的完成任务而又可以得到报酬。‎ take ...for granted　　　　　　　 认为……理所当然 take ...seriously 认真对待……‎ take the place of 代替 take ...for example/as an example 以……为例 take one's time 不急；慢慢来 take ... for ... 把……看作；误认为 ‎①Take your (you) time, please. Try to follow the natural steps and have your own clock.‎ 慢慢来，努力跟随自然的步伐，建立你自己的生物钟。‎ ‎②Don't take it seriously — he's only teasing.‎ 别把它当真，他只不过是在开玩笑。‎ ‎③People often take it for granted that they can see things while the blind cannot.‎ 人们常常理所当然地认为他们能看清事物而盲人则看不清。‎ ‎2．run out of用完；用尽 ‎[经典例句]　They ran out of money and had to abandon the project.‎ 他们的钱用完了，不得不放弃这个项目。‎ run out 　　　　　　　　 用完；用光 run for 竞选；匆匆去取 run across 偶然遇到 run into 撞上；遇到；邂逅 run through 浏览；跑着穿过 ‎①I'm running out of patience.‎ ‎→My patience is running_out.‎ 我快没有耐心了。‎ ‎②The taxi ran into the bike and the man on the bike was thrown off.‎ 出租车撞上了自行车，自行车上的男子从车子上被甩了下来。‎ ‎③It's my great honor to announce that I am running for chairman of the Students' Union.‎ 我很荣幸地宣布我将竞选学生会主席。‎ ‎[名师指津]　注意 run out of＝use up是及物动词短语，表示主动意义，主语一般是人；run out＝be used up是不及物动词短语，其主语通常是物。‎ ‎3．let out释放；放走；发出(叫喊声等)；泄露(消息、秘密等)；透露 ‎[教材原句]　Slowly the blackbird lets out a cry.‎ 慢慢地，那只黑鹂发出叫声。‎ let in 　　　　　　　 允许进入；容许； 改小 let off 放出；使爆炸 let alone 更不用说；更谈不上 let ...down 把……放下来；使……失望 ‎ ‎①Throwing their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.‎ 获胜队的粉丝们发出胜利的欢呼声，同时大家都将帽子抛向了空中。‎ ‎②The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, letting in the natural light during the day.‎ 入口处的玻璃门已取代了木门，在白天好让自然光照进来。‎ ‎③I believe I can be a good volunteer and I won't let you down.‎ 我相信我能成为一名优秀的志愿者，我不会让你失望的。‎ ‎[联想发散]　常见的“动词＋out”短语：‎ ‎①leave out　　　　 省去；遗漏；不考虑 ‎②bring out 阐明；使显示；出版 ‎③make out 理解；辨认出 ‎④pick out 挑出；辨认出 ‎⑤figure out 想出；理解 ‎4．With_so_many_different_forms_of_poetry_to_choose_from,_students may eventually want to write poems of their own.‎ 有这么多可供选择的诗歌类型，学生们最终也许想自己写诗歌了。‎ 句中“with＋名词＋to do”复合结构作状语。其结构如下：‎ ‎①Moreover, wider and better social benefits can be reached with the positive social images built (build)．(2016·江苏高考书面表达)‎ 此外，随着积极的社会形象的建立，更广阔、更好的社会益处就能够达到。‎ ‎②The child with only a shirt on was trembling with cold.‎ 只穿着一件衬衫的那个孩子冻得直发抖。‎ ‎③With several problems remaining to_be_solved (solve), we still need to hold another meeting as soon as possible.‎ 有一些问题尚待解决，因此我们还需尽快再召开一次会议。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.短语填空 ‎1．用take的短语填空 ‎①Even the experts took the painting for a genuine Van Gogh.‎ ‎②A teacher cannot take_it_for_granted that students always do their homework.‎ ‎③Take_myself_for_example/as_an_example;_I changed my major when I became a postgraduate.‎ ‎④Don't take_it_seriously,_Alice. I wasn't making fun of you — it's nothing but a joke.‎ ‎⑤Nowadays plastics have taken_the_place_of many conventional materials.‎ ‎2．用run的短语填空 ‎①Our food is running_out. Will you go to the supermarket to buy some bread?‎ ‎②We've got a few minutes before the train. I'll just run_through these newspapers.‎ ‎③Two years ago, my classmate Wang Wei ran_into difficulty because his father had been diagnosed with lung cancer.‎ ‎④Today I am very glad to stand here and run_for the post of chairman of our firm.‎ ‎3．用let的短语填空 ‎①I have little time to look after my family, let_alone a dog.‎ ‎②The little girl let_out a cry of pain as the nail went into her foot.‎ ‎③Early in the morning he opened all the windows so as to let_in fresh air.‎ ‎④The stories of the film are excellent, but its ending lets me down.‎ Ⅱ.补全句子 ‎1．我们没有理由不成为朋友。(why引导的定语从句)‎ There's_no_reason_why we shouldn't be friends.‎ ‎2．有这么多人每天用英语交流，精通英语将会变得越来越重要。(with复合结构)‎ With_so_many_people_communicating_in_English every day, it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.‎ ‎3．有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。(while)‎ Some people waste food while_others_haven't_enough.‎ ‎4．他可以是任何一个以你崇拜的方式给世界做贡献的人。(定语从句)‎ It can be anyone who contributes to the world in a way that_you_admire.‎ ‎5．虽然知道他的人不多，但他在这些人中名声却很响。(although)‎ Although_he_is_known_to only a few, his reputation among them is very great.‎ 一、表达能力——用课文词汇写高分作文 convey， poetry， load， appropriate， tease， take it easy， run out of， let out， in particular ‎ ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①众所周知，徐志摩是一位非常著名的中国浪漫主义诗人，他生活在20世纪初期。‎ As we all know, Xu Zhimo was a very famous Chinese romantic_poet.He lived in the early 20th century.‎ ‎②用“清新、和谐和新奇”等字眼来描述他的诗歌是合适的。‎ It's_appropriate_to_describe_his_poetry with the words “fresh, harmony and novel”．‎ ‎③他在他的代表作《再别康桥》里以一种吸引年轻人的特别的方式传达了复杂的情感。‎ He conveyed_complex_emotions_in_a_specific_way_that_appeals_to young people in his masterpiece Farewell to Cambridge.‎ ‎④他的诗《再别康桥》写得尤其出色，你会迫不及待地想要阅读它。‎ His poem Farewell to Cambridge was written very well in_particular,_and you can't wait to enjoy reading it.‎ ‎⑤读它时，你不要着急，除非你没有时间了。‎ Take_it_easy_when_you_read_it_unless_you_run_out_of_your_time.‎ ‎⑥不要取笑诗人徐志摩，也许你会爱上他的诗，它会卸下你沉重的生活负担并让你内心的情感释放出来。‎ Never_tease_the_poet Xu, and maybe you will fall in love with his poems, which can unburden your_heavy_life_load and let_out_your_true_love_feelings inside you.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用定语从句升级句①‎ As_we_all_know,_Xu_Zhimo_was_a_very_famous_Chinese_romantic_poet_who_lived_in_the_early_20th_century.‎ ‎(2)用with复合结构和反问句升级句④‎ With_his_poem_Farewell_to_Cambridge_written_very_well_in_particular,_can't_you_wait_to_enjoy_reading_it?‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇： but)‎ As we all know, Xu Zhimo was a very famous Chinese romantic poet who lived in the early 20th century. It's appropriate to describe his poetry with the words “fresh, harmony and novel”. He conveyed complex emotions in a specific way that appeals to young people in his masterpiece Farewell to Cambridge.With his poem Farewell to Cambridge written very well in particular,‎ ‎ can't you wait to enjoy reading it? But take it easy when you read it unless you run out of your time. Never tease the poet Xu, and maybe you will fall in love with his poems, which can unburden your heavy life load and let out your true love feelings inside you.‎ 二、阅读能力——用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——状语从句＋宾语从句]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文长难句 Although the future may be difficult for you, whenever you need warmth and love, remember I'll have some to give you.‎ although引导让步状语从句；whenever引导时间状语从句；“I'll have some to give you”是省略that的宾语从句。‎ 他们的研究也表明随着时间的推移，尽管(神经元的)突触变得越来越薄，我们是如何形成持久的记忆的。‎ 真题长难句 Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time even though the synapses become thinner. (2017·北京高考阅读七选五)‎ how引导的是宾语从句；even though引导的是让步状语从句。‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 话题 词数 建议用时 唐诗 ‎306‎ ‎8分钟 ‎(2018·河北保定一模)Tang Dynasty poets sang for about three centuries in different tones.There were many famous poets living in the Tang period, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi and Li Shangyin.Poems of the Tang Dynasty edited in the Qing Dynasty is a collection of more than 48,900 poems that were written by over 2,200 poets.But it didn't cover all the poems of the Tang Dynasty.‎ During the Tang Dynasty, poems were recited when lovers walked under the moonlight.Poems were also recited when soldiers fought on the battlefield.People recited them in the open air or at temple fairs.‎ Tang Dynasty poets wrote poems to win fame and also to develop their temperament (性情)．They poured out deep feelings for their friends and criticized injustice in the world through poems.‎ In the Tang Dynasty scholars had to be poets. Their readers were not only people of high social position but also common people. Poets recited poems, women singers sang poems and other ranks of people, including old women and children, read Tang poems. This atmosphere affected foreigners who visited the country at that time.As a result, Tang poetry was introduced to some adjacent countries, like Japan and Vietnam.‎ Tang poetry is a most brilliant page in the history of ancient Chinese literature.It's a miracle (奇迹) in the cultural history of mankind.The Tang Dynasty was a powerful empire with a vast territory.It inherited (继承) Chinese civilization that went back to ancient times, was combined with the best of other cultures and adopted the benefits of other nations in the world.Tang poetry wasn't the only spiritual wealth created by the Tang Dynasty people.Philosophy and religion, handwriting and painting, and music and dance all gained new peaks of development.Tang poetry, however, was the jewel in the crown and its greatest achievement.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。通过本文，我们可以更深入地了解唐诗的影响力和其对世界文化的贡献。‎ ‎1．We can conclude from the passage that ________.‎ A．only people in the Tang Dynasty created poems B．in total there were four famous poets in the Tang Dynasty C．the Tang Dynasty probably existed for about three centuries D．in the Tang Dynasty most common people were poets 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句可推断出C项正确。‎ ‎2．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?‎ A．Why the poets created poems.‎ B．Some other kinds of spiritual wealth in the Tang Dynasty.‎ C．The significance and influence of the Tang Dynasty.‎ D．The editors of Poems of the Tang Dynasty.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。A项在第三段中提到了；B、C两项在最后一段提到了。根据第一段内容可知，文章没有具体交代Poems of the Tang Dynasty这本书是谁编辑的。故选D项。‎ ‎3．The underlined word “adjacent” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”．‎ A．strong　　　　　　 　B．neighboring C．poor D．rich 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据句中的“like Japan and Vietnam”可推测出，adjacent意为“‎ 邻近的”。故B项意思相符。‎ ‎4．What's the best title for the passage?‎ A．The great Tang Dynasty B．Tang Dynasty poetry C．Famous poets in the Tang Dynasty D．The development of the Tang Dynasty 解析：选B　标题归纳题。本文主要叙述了唐诗的影响力和对世界文化的贡献。故B项最适合为标题。‎ B 话题 词数 建议用时 婴儿诗歌 ‎323‎ ‎8分钟 ‎(2018·河南洛阳质检)Anyone can write a baby poem. And everyone enjoys reading them, young and old. Baby shower (婴儿洗礼) poems can have rhythm and rhyme, but they certainly don't have to. Poems can be either long or short, but short is probably best for your typical baby shower needs. You can add a little humor as well!‎ The people who are most often touched by baby shower poems are those who have had children themselves. Sweet poems can remind them of the time when their little ones were still young. No one will appreciate them more than the family members themselves. If you are a creative writer or have a special talent for putting words together in a special way, then you should try writing your own baby shower poems. This would make a great gift idea as well.‎ If you decide to write your own baby poems, even common things can inspire you. Inspiration can be found anywhere. Look to your own memories from the past. What was special about your childhood? What special object have you treasured over the years? What words of wisdom (智慧) of advice could you pass on to the next generation? Look around the house and imagine a baby being there. What do you see, hear, or feel? Let those thoughts be the source of your best baby poems.‎ When writing a baby poem, you do not have to write like Shakespeare, you just have to be sincere. Years later when the baby has grown, think of how special they will feel knowing the words were just for them.‎ If you are not the creative type — don't worry! There are lots of places online where you can look for poems saying just the things you want to say. Poems have been written on all subjects throughout the ages, and baby poems and baby shower poems are no exception. A quick search online doesn't have to take any time at all.‎ ‎5．In the author's opinion, baby shower poems ________.‎ A．all have a little humor in them B．are not suitable for adults to enjoy C．don't have to have rhythm or rhyme D．must be short enough to meet babies' needs 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Baby shower (婴儿洗礼) poems can have rhythm and rhyme, but they certainly don't have to.”可知作者认为，婴儿洗礼诗不一定非要押韵。‎ ‎6．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?‎ A．Advice from famous poets on writing poems.‎ B．Words that can be used in baby poems.‎ C．Different ways of writing baby poems.‎ D．Inspiration for writing baby poems.‎ 解析：选D　段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要是告诉一些想写婴儿诗的人如何寻找写婴儿诗的灵感，故选D项。‎ ‎7．According to Paragraph 4, a baby poem should sound ______.‎ A．encouraging B．sincere C．beautiful D．interesting 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段的“When writing a baby poem, you do not have to write like Shakespeare, you just have to be sincere.”可知，婴儿诗应该听起来让人感到真诚。‎ ‎8．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Write baby poems to say what's on your heart B．The most beautiful poems in the world C．How babies read poems D．How poems inspire babies 解析：选A　标题归纳题。本文主要围绕如何写关于婴儿的诗歌以表达感情展开叙述，故A项为标题最合适。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2018·湖南部分重点中学模拟)Hello, Mr. WiFi. Life without you is next to impossible now. We're happy to sing your name from morning till evening, sometimes till dawn. __1__ I know you help me, sometimes you're making me do things with __2__ attention. Many times I promise myself that I'll __3__ my feelings towards you, but you're __4__ me closer and closer ... You've entered both my home and my __5__. You're just a window for our __6__ and information. But we people aren't __7__ only with the window. So we open all our __8__ for you. Is this a(n) __9__ or some kind of attachment? If this is an illness, is it curable? And if this is an attachment ‎ will you __10__ me to the lifelong togetherness?‎ We want you 24/7. Can't you take a few days off so that both you and I can __11__？ You're a poison — not a slow one but a super __12__ poison which holds our mind and makes us dance __13__ its tune. Nowadays you're so __14__ that anyone can buy and make you our __15__. You'll never be bothered about our health but we'll __16__ be concerned about your “health”. Because you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone.‎ If you were a __17__ person made of flesh and blood (血肉之躯) would we love you the same? You __18__ us with your numerous talents and we even can't get rid of you. We're all your __19__. Sometimes I wonder how people in the previous generations __20__， but if they did why can't we?‎ 语篇解读：作者用诙谐的语气质问WiFi，这呈现了现代人的一种通病，那就是对无线网络的依赖。‎ ‎1．A.Now that B．Only if C．Though D．When 解析：选C　根据语境可知，虽然(Though)作者知道WiFi帮助了自己，但是正是WiFi的特殊作用让作者在做事情的时候会分散(divided)注意力。‎ ‎2．A.praised B．increased C．focused D．divided 解析：选D　参见上题解析。‎ ‎3．A.keep in B．bring back C．approve of D．give up 解析：选A　根据语境可知，作者很多次都对自己承诺说要抑制(keep in)自己对WiFi的情感。bring back“使回忆起，使想起”；approve of“同意，赞成”；give up“放弃”。‎ ‎4．A.drawing B．pushing C．forcing D．observing 解析：选A　根据语境可知，此处形象生动地表现了作者不能抗拒WiFi对自己的吸引。draw“吸引”符合语境。‎ ‎5．A.space B．soul C．society D．workplace 解析：选B　WiFi进入了作者的家和灵魂(soul)中。下文中的“holds our mind”是关键提示。‎ ‎6．A.entertainment B．argument C．expansion D．struggle 解析：选A　WiFi(本来)只是我们娱乐(entertainment)和获取信息的窗口。‎ ‎7．A.strict B．satisfied C．generous D．busy 解析：选B　根据上文的“You're just a window for our ... information.”以及“But”所表示的转折关系可知，此处表示人们并不满足于(satisfied)WiFi仅仅是个“窗口(window)”。‎ ‎8．A.thoughts B．eyes C．exits D．doors 解析：选D　此处表示人们将WiFi的作用扩大化，不仅仅满足于其作为窗口的作用，而是将所有的“门(doors)”打开迎接WiFi。某种程度上而言，door是window的“升级版”。‎ ‎9．A.disease B．inspiration C．routine D．phenomenon 解析：选A　结合下文中的“an illness”可知，作者疑惑的是自己和其他人对WiFi如此依赖的现象是否是一种病(disease)。‎ ‎10．A.recommend B．instruct C．commit D．adapt 解析：选C　如果对WiFi的情感是一种依赖的话，WiFi能保证与作者一生都亲密无间吗？commit意为“保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等)，承诺”，符合语境。‎ ‎11．A.persist B．relax C．progress D．balance 解析：选B　WiFi不能给自己放几天假以便它和作者都能放松(relax)一下吗？‎ ‎12．A.raw B．ambiguous C．strong D．fast 解析：选D　根据本句中的“not a slow one”可知，WiFi并不是慢性毒药，而是快速起效的毒药，故用fast与slow形成对比。raw“不熟练的”；ambiguous“含糊不清的”。‎ ‎13．A.to B．against C．from D．within 解析：选A　WiFi是一种能控制人们的思想并使人们随着它的音调起舞的毒药。to表示“随着”。‎ ‎14．A.affordable B．valuable C．conventional D．attractive 解析：选A　根据下文中的“anyone can buy”可知，如今WiFi的价格是如此低廉以至于任何人都能买到，并使其成为人们的伴侣(companion)。affordable“支付得起的，不算太贵的”，符合语境。‎ ‎15．A.addition B．expert C．companion D．instrument 解析：选C　参见上题解析。下文中的“Because you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone.”亦是提示。‎ ‎16．A.sometimes B．always C．never D．seldom 解析：选B　毫无生命的WiFi是决不会在意其用户的健康的，但是用户们会一直担心WiFi的“健康”，此处用always与上文的“never”形成对比，强调人们对WiFi的在意程度。‎ ‎17．A.selfish B．dishonest C．responsible D．real 解析：选D　根据下文中的“person made of flesh and blood (血肉之躯)”可知，作者想知道如果WiFi成为拥有血肉之躯的真实的(real)人，人们是否会一样喜欢它。‎ ‎18．A.control B．scold C．comfort D．challenge 解析：选A　根据上文作者介绍的人们对WiFi的依赖及下文中的“we even can't get rid of you”可知，人们离开了WiFi简直无法生活下去，而本句中的“with your numerous talents”正是WiFi控制人们的方式。‎ ‎19．A.friends B．slaves C．colleagues D．employers 解析：选B　根据语境可知，WiFi控制了人们，也就是说人们成了被其掌控的奴隶(slaves)。‎ ‎20．A.suffered B．connected C．survived D．surfed 解析：选C　根据语境尤其是本句中的“in the previous generations”可知，作者非常疑惑的是在早期没有WiFi的时候人们是如何存活(survived)下来的。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎(2018·安徽重点高中第二次模拟)Classical Chinese poetry is traditional Chinese poetry __1__ (write) in Classical Chinese and typified by certain traditional forms and close __2__ (connect) with particular historical periods, such as the poetry of the Tang Dynasty. Its existence __3__ (document) at least as early as the publication of the Classic of Poetry or Shijing. __4__ (variety) combinations of forms and genres exist. Many or most of these __5__ (arise) at the end of the Tang Dynasty.‎ Use and development of Classical Chinese poetry __6__ (active) continued up to the year of 1919, __7__ the May Fourth Movement took place, and is still developed even today. Poetry created during this 2,500year period of moreorless continuous development shows __8__ great deal of diversity — classified by both major historical periods and by dynastic periods.‎ Of the key aspects of Classical Chinese poetry, another is __9__ (it) intense interrelationship ‎ with other forms of Chinese art, such as Chinese painting and Chinese calligraphy. Classical Chinese poetry has proven to be of strong influence __10__ poetry worldwide.‎ ‎1．written　中国古诗是用古文写的传统中国诗歌。write与poetry之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。‎ ‎2．connections　空前有形容词close“紧密的”，故空处填名词。connection在此表示“(两种事实、观念等的)联系，关联”，是可数名词，故填名词的复数形式。‎ ‎3．is documented　document在此表示“记录，记载”，是及物动词，document与existence之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，且此处表示客观事实，要用一般现在时。‎ ‎4．Various　存在多种多样的形式和种类的结合体。空处修饰名词combinations，故填形容词Various“多种多样的”。‎ ‎5．arose　它们中的很多或者说大部分产生于唐代晚期。arise“产生，出现”，是不及物动词，根据时间状语at the end of the Tang Dynasty可知本句用一般过去时。‎ ‎6．actively　分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词continued，故用副词actively“活跃地”。‎ ‎7．when　分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the year of 1919，空处在从句中作时间状语，故填when。‎ ‎8．a　a great deal of“大量的，许多”，是固定搭配，修饰不可数名词，故填a。‎ ‎9．its　空处指代对象是Classical Chinese poetry，且表示“……的”，故填its。‎ ‎10．on/upon　influence“影响”常与介词on/upon连用。‎ Topic 4　Pygmalion (Book 8·Unit 4)‎ ‎[主课文晨读] PYGMALION MAIN CHARACTERS：‎ Eliza Doolittle(E)：a poor flower girl who is ambitious to improve herself Professor Higgins (H)：an expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a person's English decides his/her position in society Colonel Pickering (CP)：an officer in the army and later a friend of Higgins' who sets him a task Act One FATEFUL MEETINGS ‎11：15 pm in London, England in 1914 outside a theatre. It is pouring with rain and cab whistles are blowing in all directions. A man is hiding from the rain listening to people's language and watching their reactions. he makes notes. Nearby a flower girl wearing dark garments and a woollen scarf is also sheltering from the rain. A gentleman (G) passes and hesitates for a moment.‎ E：Come over'ere, cap'in, and buy me flowers off a poor girl.‎ G：I'm sorry but I haven't any change.‎ E：I can giv'ou change, cap'in.‎ G：(surprised) For a pound? I'm afraid I've got nothing less.‎ E：(hopefully) Oah! Oh, Captain. Take this for three pence. (holds up some dead flowers)‎ G：(uncomfortably) Now don't be troublesome, there's a good girl. (looks in his wallet and sounds more friendly) But, wait, here's some small change. Will that be of any use to you? It's raining heavily now, isn't it? (leaves)‎ E：(disappointed at the outcome, but thinking it is better than nothing) Thank you, sir. (sees a man taking notes and feels worried) Hey! I ain't done nothing wrong by speaking to that gentleman. I've a right to sell flowers, I have. I ain't no thief. I'm an honest girl I am! (begins to cry)‎ H：(kindly) There! There! Who's hurting you, you silly girl? What do you take me for? (gives her a handkerchief)‎ E：I thought maybe you was a policeman in disguise.‎ H：Do I look like a policeman?‎ E：(still worried) Then why did 'ou take down my words for? How do I know whether 'ou took me down right？'ou just show me what 'ou've wrote about me!‎ H：Here you are. (hands over the paper E：What's that? That ain't proper writing. I can't read that. (pushes it back at him)‎ H：I can. (reads imitating Eliza) “Come over'ere, cap'in, and buy me flowers off a poor girl.” (in his own voice) There you are and you were born in Lisson Grove if I'm not mistaken.‎ E：(looking confused) What if I was? What's it to you?‎ CP：(has been watching the girl and now speaks to Higgins) That's quite brilliant! How did you do that, may I ask?‎ H：Simply phonetics studied and classified from people's own speech. That's my profession and also my hobby. You can place a man by just a few remarks. I can place any spoken conversation within six miles, and even within two streets in London sometimes.‎ CP：Let me congratulate you! But is there an income to be made in that?‎ H：Yes, indeed. Quite a good one. This is the age of the newly rich. People begin their working life in a poor neighbourhood of London with 80 pounds a year and end in a rich one with 100 thousand. But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths. Now once taught by me, she'd become an upper class lady ...‎ CP：Is that so? Extraordinary!‎ H：(rudely) Look at this girl with her terrible English: the English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days. But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party. Perhaps I could even find her a place as a lady's maid or a shop assistant, which requires better English.‎ E：What's that you say? A shop assistant? Now that's sommat I want, that is!‎ H：(ignores her) Can you believe that?‎ CP：Of course! I study many Indian dialects myself and ...‎ H：Do you indeed? Do you know Colonel Pickering?‎ CP：Indeed I do, for that is me. Who are you?‎ H：I'm Henry Higgins and I was going to India to meet you.‎ CP：And I came to England to make your acquaintance!‎ E：What about me? How'll you help me?‎ H：Oh, take that. (carelessly throws a handful of money into her basket) We must have a celebration, my dear man. (leave together)‎ E：(looking at the collected money in amazement) Well, I never. A whole pound! A fortune! That'll help me, indeed it will. Tomorrow I'll find you, Henry Higgins. Just you wait and see! All that talk of (imitates him) “authentic English” ...(in her own voice) I'll see whether you can get that for me ... (goes out)‎ ‎❶时间状语从句的省略 ‎❷do用于加强语气，意为“务必；一定”‎ ‎❸过去分词短语作后置定语 ‎[单词“分类记”]‎ ‎(一)阅读障碍词汇(识其形·知其义)‎ ‎1．whistle vi.　　　　　 吹口哨；发出汽笛声 ‎ n. 口哨声；汽笛声 ‎ 2.brilliant adj. 光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的 ‎3．referee n. 裁判员；仲裁者 ‎ 4.laundry n. 洗衣店；洗衣房；(待洗的或洗好的)衣服 ‎5．disguise vt. 伪装；假扮；遮掩 n. 伪装 ‎(二)高考高频词汇(知其义·写其形)‎ ‎1．classic adj. 经典的；第一流的 n. 经典著作 ‎2．outcome n. 结果；效果 ‎3．remark n. 谈论；言论；评述 vt.& vi. 谈论；评论；说起 ‎4．betray vt. 显露出(本来面目)；背叛 ‎5．condemn vt. 谴责；使……处于不幸(不愉快)的状态 ‎6．status n. 身份；地位；职位 ‎7．superior adj. 优秀的；较高的；上级的 ‎ n. 上级；长官 ‎8．compromise n．& vi. 妥协；折衷 ‎9．overlook vt. 俯视；忽视；不理会 ‎10．fade vi.& vt. (使)褪色；减弱；逐渐消失 ‎ (三)活学活用词汇(记得清·用得活)‎ Ⅰ.根据词性和词义写出下列单词 ‎1．adaptation n．适应(性)；改编本→adapt v．改编；(使)适应 ‎2．hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇→hesitation n．犹豫；踌躇 ‎3．uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不安的；不自在的→uncomfortably adv.不舒服地；不自在地→comfortably adv.舒服地→comfortable adj.舒服的；舒适的 ‎4．mistaken adj.(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的→mistake n．& v．错误；误会 ‎5．classify vt.把……分类；把……归类→classification n．分类；归类 ‎6．acquaintance n．相识；了解；熟人→acquaint v．使认识；使了解；使熟悉 ‎7．fortune n．机会；运气；大笔的钱→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地 ‎8．rob vt.抢劫；盗窃；剥夺→robbery n．抢劫(行为)→robber n．抢劫犯 ‎9．horrible adj.可怕的；恐怖的→horror n．恐怖 ‎10．disgusting adj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的→disgusted adj.厌恶的；厌烦的→disgust vt.厌恶；反感 Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．He is good at adapting plays and the adaptation of the play for radio was easily done by him.(adapt)‎ ‎2．Several robbers robbed the bank of an enormous sum of money, making the largest robbery of this city in the last decade.(rob)‎ ‎3．Her house is modern and comfortably furnished, but she always feels slightly uncomfortable the moment she comes in.(comfortable)‎ ‎4．Don't hesitate to ask for help and solve the problem without hesitation.(hesitate)‎ ‎5．I was disgusted to see the disgusting picture on the page of Sunday's feature article.(disgust)‎ ‎[短语“语境记”]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎1．in_disguise　　　　　　　　伪装(的)；假扮(的)‎ ‎2．pass_...off_as_... (把某人)改变或冒充成……‎ ‎3．make_one's_acquaintance 结识；与……相见 ‎4．generally_speaking 一般来说 ‎5．in_terms_of_... 就……来说；从……角度 ‎6．rob_sb.of_sth. 抢劫某人某物 ‎7．show_...in 带或领……进来 ‎8．once_more 再一次 ‎9．fade_out (声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡 ‎10．in_need_of 需要……‎ ‎(二)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．In_terms_of convenience, the museum has more advantages over the gallery.‎ ‎2．As the program ended, the music slowly faded_out and someone began to speak.‎ ‎3．Generally_speaking,_prices follow demand; if there is no demand, prices are low.‎ ‎4．When he didn't know how to get into the building, a boy showed him in.‎ ‎5．Deeds are better than words when people are in_need_of help.‎ ‎6．They threatened to shoot him and robbed him of all his possessions.‎ ‎7．The two sides did not agree on the subject for the first time, so today they will sit down once_more to have a discussion.‎ ‎8．I am so delighted to make_your_acquaintance,_Mr.Wang.‎ ‎[句式“仿写通”]‎ ‎1．What if I was?‎ 如果我是，又怎么样呢？‎ ‎[解读]　What if ...? 意为“如果……将会怎么样？”。‎ ‎[仿写]　明天要是下雨怎么办？我们还排练《窈窕淑女》吗？‎ What_if_it_rains tomorrow? Will we still practice My Fair Lady?‎ ‎2．But, sir，(proudly) once educated to speak properly，that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party.‎ 不过，先生，(高傲地)一旦有人教她把英语说好了，这个女孩就可以在三个月以内冒充公爵夫人出席大使主办的花园晚会了。‎ ‎[解读]　once educated是省略结构，完整形式为once the girl is educated。‎ ‎[仿写]　当被问到他为何如此伤心时，这个学生说他失去了扮演主角的机会。‎ When_asked why he was so sad, the student said he had lost the opportunity of playing the leading role.‎ ‎3．Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep in conversation.‎ 亨利·希金斯与皮克林上校正坐着进行深入的交谈。‎ ‎[解读]　形容词短语deep in sth.意为“专心于……”，在句中作状语。‎ ‎[仿写]　他全神贯注地读小说，没注意到老师走进教室。‎ Deep_in_the_novel,_he didn't notice the teacher come into the classroom.‎ ‎[第一板块　重点单词突破]‎ ‎1．hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇 ‎[教材原句]　A gentleman (G) passes and hesitates for a moment.‎ 这时有位先生从这儿路过，他迟疑了片刻。‎ ‎(1)hesitate to do sth.　　　　　　 犹豫做某事 hesitate about/in/at/over (doing) sth. 对(做)某事犹豫不决 ‎(2)hesitation n. 踌躇；犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth. 毫不犹豫地做某事 ‎①Some parents hesitate to_take (take) these steps because they suspect that their child is exaggerating.‎ 一些家长迟迟不肯采取这些措施，因为他们怀疑自己的孩子在夸大其词。‎ ‎②Seeing the girl struggling in the lake, he threw himself in the icy water without hesitation (hesitate), and saved her from drowning.‎ 看到那个女孩在湖里挣扎，他毫不犹豫地跳进冰冷的水里救下眼看要溺水的女孩。‎ ‎③I hesitated about letting (let) you see me like this, but there were things I wanted to say to you directly.‎ 我对该不该让你看我这副样子犹豫不决，但有些事我想当面对你说。‎ ‎2．remark n．谈论；言论；评述vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起 ‎[教材原句]　You can place a man by just a few remarks.‎ 你可以根据几句话判定是哪个地方的人。‎ ‎(1)make a remark/remarks on/upon 对……发表评论/看法 remark on/upon 谈论/评论……‎ ‎(2)remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的 ‎①The girl always makes a remark on/upon what others wear.‎ 这个女孩总是对别人的衣着评头论足。‎ ‎②He showed remarkable (remark) competence when he faced the difficult problems.‎ 他在面对困难的问题时表现出非凡的能力。‎ ‎3．fortune n．财产；大笔的钱；机会；运气 ‎[经典例句]　Good books can bring us a large fortune.‎ 好书能给我们带来巨大的财富。‎ ‎(1)seek/try one's fortune　　　　　 碰运气 make a fortune 发财 have the good fortune to do sth. 有幸做某事 ‎(2)fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的(＝lucky)‎ be fortunate to do sth. 幸运做某事 ‎(3)fortunately adv. 幸运地(＝luckily)‎ ‎①These two brothers decided to go to America to try/seek_their__fortune.‎ 这兄弟俩决定去美国碰碰运气。‎ ‎②The deal, to be completed next week, will allow Charney to make a lot of money (＝make_a_great_fortune) in the stock market.‎ 下个星期将要完成的交易，将允许Charney在股票市场挣一笔很大的钱。‎ ‎③Fortunately (fortune), a young man who was just passing by came up to the injured.‎ 幸运的是，一个刚好路过的年轻人前来帮助伤者。‎ ‎[名师指津]　fortune作名词且意为“机会；运气”时，是不可数名词；作“大笔的钱”时，是可数名词。‎ ‎4．condemn vt.谴责；使……处于不幸(不愉快)的状态 单句语法填空 ‎①He was condemned to_drink (drink) a cup of wine.‎ ‎②The whole town condemned the girl for her wild behavior.‎ ‎③The judge condemned the thief to one year of hard labor.‎ ‎5．acquaintance n．相识；了解；熟人 单句语法填空 ‎①I have no personal acquaintance with him, and I only know of him from television.‎ ‎②Was it in the city you visited last year that you made the acquaintance of Professor Jones?‎ ‎③Larry is the only one of my friends who is acquainted (acquaintance) with the old poet.‎ ‎6．compromise n．妥协；和解；折衷v.妥协；让步；违背；放弃 同义替换/单句语法填空 ‎①This time you made up (＝compromised) with her; I think you are being mature and you're on the right track.‎ ‎②After some negotiation (谈判), we have reached a compromise on the trade.‎ ‎[单词过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．He has some acquaintance with German, but he doesn't speak it fluently.‎ ‎2．The book described the adaptation (adapt) of desert species to the hot conditions.‎ ‎3．He awoke to find himself lying uncomfortably (comfort) on this hard, cold floor.‎ ‎4．Helen was chosen for the job because she was far superior to any other candidate.‎ ‎5．The writer's writing style was what people remarked on/upon most at the meeting.‎ ‎6．He was robbed last night, but fortunately (fortune) he didn't have much money on him then.‎ ‎7．Most of the students are willing to_condemn (condemn) his deed in the class as lack of manners.‎ ‎8．If you think you can drink so much without damaging your health, then you're mistaken (mistake)．‎ ‎9．We had no hesitation (hesitate) in helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake hit the country.‎ ‎10．Sometimes the couples should make compromises (compromise) with each other in order to live harmoniously.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．She was condemned to leading a life of loneliness.leading→lead ‎2．A policeman told me that the shop had robbed last night.robbed前加been ‎3．I made an apology that I had taken your umbrella by mistaken.mistaken→mistake ‎4．Out of everybody's expectation, she didn't hesitate accept the job.hesitate后加to ‎5．My calculation was wrong because I overlooked on one tiny point.去掉on ‎6．Now there are many young men in our society dreaming of making fortune without hard work.making后加a Ⅲ.一句多译/句型转换/词汇替换 ‎1．当我有困难时，他毫不犹豫地帮助我。‎ ‎①He had_no_hesitation_in_helping_me when I was in trouble.(hesitation)‎ ‎②He helped_me_without_hesitation when I was in trouble.(without hesitation)‎ ‎③He didn't_hesitate_to_help_me when I was in trouble.(hesitate)‎ ‎2．①It was at a wedding that I first made his acquaintance.‎ ‎→It was at a wedding that I first made_the_acquaintance_of him.‎ ‎②If the town is seen from the top of the hill, it looks more beautiful.‎ ‎→Seen_from_the_top_of_the_hill,_the town looks more beautiful.‎ ‎3．Getty made a lot of money (＝ made a large fortune ) in his life, but he gave his money to the art world because he wanted people to learn about and love art.‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]‎ ‎1．in terms of ...就……来说；从……角度 ‎[经典例句]　In terms of study and health, we should develop a healthy lifestyle.‎ 就学习和健康来说，我们应该养成健康的生活方式。‎ in one's terms　　　　　 在某人看来 in the long/short term 就长远/短期而言 be on good/bad terms 关系良好/不好 come to terms with 达成协议；和好；接受；适应 ‎①In my opinion, one's success cannot always be measured with (＝ in_terms_of ) money.‎ 依我看，一个人的成功不能总是从钱的角度来衡量。‎ ‎②The agreement should have very positive results in_the_long_term.‎ 从长远来看，这个协议将会产生非常积极的效果。‎ ‎③In the matter of house rent, the landlord finally came to terms with his tenants.‎ 在房租的问题上，房东终于和他的房客们达成了妥协。‎ ‎[名师指津]　在term的常用短语中除“in the long/short term”外，其他短语中的term都是复数形式。‎ ‎2．show ...in带或领……进来 ‎[经典例句]　The man in charge of the shop came up to show us in.‎ 这位商店的负责人过来领我们进去。‎ show ...out　　　　　　　　 带或领……出去 show off 炫耀；展示 show up 出现；来到某处 show sb. around/round 领某人参观 ‎①Mr Green is on his way here. Please show him in as soon as he arrives.‎ 格林先生正在往这里赶的路上。他一到，请马上领他进来。‎ ‎②Mike has only driven to the pub to show off his new car — he usually walks.‎ 迈克开车来酒吧只是为了向大家炫耀他的新车——他通常是步行的。‎ ‎③You are coming to Hangzhou this weekend, I'll be very glad to show you around/round our beautiful city then.‎ 这个周末你就要来杭州了，到时候我非常乐意带你参观我们这座美丽的城市。‎ ‎3．What_if I was?‎ 如果我是，又怎么样呢？‎ What if ...？“倘若……将会怎样？如果……将会怎样？”。常用来提出假设、建议、邀请、要求等，后面经常跟一般现在时，有时根据语境也可以跟虚拟语气。‎ What for？　　　　　　 为什么？‎ So what? 那又怎么样？‎ What's up? 怎么啦？发生什么事了？‎ How come? 怎么会这样呢？‎ What's happening? 最近忙什么呢？‎ ‎①What_if the car breaks down?‎ 如果汽车抛锚了怎么办？‎ ‎②—Susan is absent from today's writing class.‎ ‎—How_come? As far as I know, she has never missed a class.‎ ‎——苏珊今天没来上写作课。‎ ‎——怎么会呢？据我所知，她没缺过一节课。‎ ‎③—That's not what life is about! You only have an eye for money.‎ ‎—So_what? I've not changed towards you.‎ ‎——那不是生活的本意！你真是掉进钱眼里了。‎ ‎——那又怎样？我对你是真心的。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.短语填空 ‎1．用show的短语填空 ‎①He actually enjoys his new hair style and likes showing_off to everybody.‎ ‎②Tom and I were supposed to meet at the movie theatre, but he never showed_up.‎ ‎③Susan is shooting a commercial in London so Emily offers to show her around/round.‎ ‎④I had waited outside nearly half an hour before he opened the door and showed me in.‎ ‎2．用term或terms的短语完成下面语段 When it comes to the relationship between teachers and students, ①in_my_terms (在我看来), the students are in greater need of grateful education. The students are supposed to ②come_to_terms_with (接受) their teachers' good advice. They should all understand that putting ‎ themselves in others' shoes is of great significance. ③In_terms_of (就……来说) growth, if they are ④on_good_terms (关系好) with their teachers, the students will benefit a lot ⑤in_the_long_term (从长远来看)．‎ Ⅱ.翻译或补全句子 ‎1．它听起来很诱人，但如果是个骗局会怎么样？(what if)‎ It sounds like a good offer, but what_if_it's_a_trick?‎ ‎2．乘车的时候，你最好系上你的安全带。(分词的省略结构)‎ While_taking_the_bus,_you should wear your seat belts.‎ ‎3．用了很长时间了，这只表需要修理了。(过去分词作状语)‎ Used_for_a_long_time,_the_watch_needs_repairing.‎ ‎4．一旦发现吸烟，学生将会被惩罚。(分词的省略结构)‎ Once_found_smoking,_the students shall be punished.‎ ‎5．在人们查阅他的档案之前，他一直伪装成记者。(pass ...off as)‎ He passed_himself_off_as_a_reporter until someone checked his record.‎ 一、表达能力——用课文词汇写高分作文 ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①才华横溢的雕刻家皮格马利翁雕刻了一尊漂亮的女石雕， 它将注定使他一生独自生活。‎ Pygmalion, a brilliant sculptor, carved a_stone_statue of a beautiful woman. He would condemn_him_to_live_alone in all his life.‎ ‎②他逐渐意识到自己爱上了她，他向希腊女神求助以给她生命力。‎ He came to realize that he fell in love with her. He turned to the Greek Goddess to_bring_her_to_life.‎ ‎③女神犹豫了一会儿，答应了。‎ The Goddess hesitated_for a moment and agreed.‎ ‎④根据他们的约定，他要冒充成一位公爵，不能暴露自己。‎ According to their agreement, he should pass_himself_off_as a Duke and not betray_himself.‎ ‎⑤皮格马利翁忽视了这个约定，结果，这位漂亮的女人再次成为石雕。‎ Pygmalion overlooked_the_agreement;_as a result, the beautiful woman became_a_stone_statue_once_more.‎ ‎⑥最后，皮格马利翁心想：要是他遵守了约定，结果会怎么样？‎ In the end, Pygmalion thought what_if_he_had_obeyed/kept his promise?‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用定语从句升级句①‎ Pygmalion,_a_brilliant_sculptor,_carved_a_stone_statue_of_a_beautiful_woman,_who_would_condemn_him_to_live_alone_in_all_his_life.‎ ‎(2)用本单元高级词汇替换第④句中的斜体部分 In_terms_of_their_agreement,_he_should_pass_himself_off_as_a_Duke_and_not_betray_himself.‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇： so, however, unfortunately)‎ Pygmalion, a brilliant sculptor, carved a stone statue of a beautiful woman, who would condemn him to live alone in all his life. He came to realize that he fell in love with her. So he turned to the Greek Goddess to bring her to life. However, the Goddess hesitated for a moment and agreed. In terms of their agreement, he should pass himself off as a Duke and not betray himself. Unfortunately, Pygmalion overlooked the agreement; as a result, the beautiful woman became a stone statue once more.In the end, Pygmalion thought what if he had obeyed/kept his promise?‎ 二、阅读能力——用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——含复杂状语的简单句]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文长难句 People begin their working life in a poor neighborhood of London with 80 pounds a year and end in a rich one with 100 thousand.‎ 本句是含复杂状语和两个并列谓语的简单句。两个谓语动词后都含有复杂的in和with介词短语作状语。‎ 这次短暂的自然之旅花了我两天假期从晒伤中恢复过来，拿到了医生为我儿子食物中毒而开的账单。‎ 真题长难句 This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor's bill for my son's food poisoning. (2017·全国卷Ⅰ阅读七选五)‎ 该句后半部分有一个较长的“recovering from ...”动名词短语作状语，其中含有两个介词短语修饰的名词。‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A 话题 词数 建议用时 电影与时尚 ‎330‎ ‎8分钟 ‎(2018·湖北省八校高三第一次联考)My daughter went to see The Wild One recently and she commented that Marlon Brando was wearing jeans so long ago. Of course he helped set the trend, so that got me thinking about the link between films and trends in fashion. Fashion and films have gone hand in hand for long. The Wild One is a good example: it appeared in 1954, starring Brando. Dressed in a black leather motorcycle jacket, leather cap and jeans, he created a look which is still considered “cool” today. Everyone from Madonna to a middleaged man is seen wearing the classic leather motorcycle jacket.‎ Another strong influence on fashion trends was Breakfast at Tiffany's, starring Audrey Hepburn. She made famous the simple black dress that looks perfect at either a cocktail party or just standing around an expensive department store like Tiffany's with a pastry and coffee in your hand, as Audrey Hepburn does in the film. She looks so elegant, wearing simple but beautiful dresses, big dark glasses and a string of pearls around her neck. Audrey Hepburn still influences women's fashion with her “Tiffany's look”．‎ In more modern times, the film star Uma Thurman created a major fashion trend when she appeared in the film Pulp Fiction, made in 1994. Her style was very simple. Her black trousers, crisp white shirt and hairstyle were copied by women in the world.‎ Influencing fashion trends can often be about timing. The movie Memoirs of a Geisha came just in time to start a trend in Japanese fashion. It starred the Chinese actress Zhang Ziyi, who wore beautiful silk kimonos (和服), and it won an Oscar for Costume Design. Many travel companies picked up on the trend and ran “geisha trips” to Japan. The film has also led to a regained interest in kimonos. It is now quite common to see young Japanese women wearing kimonos not just on traditional occasions, but at various social events. The fashion is also beginning to spread to western countries.‎ ‎1．What is the best title for the passage?‎ A．Films and fashion　　　 　B．Stars' fashion C．Influential films D．Film cultures 解析：选A　标题归纳题。第一段的第三句“Fashion and films have gone hand in hand for long.”开篇点题，结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讨论了电影和时尚之间的关系。‎ ‎2．Who will people associate Madonna wearing the leather motorcycle jacket with?‎ A．Zhang Ziyi. B．Audrey Hepburn.‎ C．Uma Thurman. D．Marlon Brando.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第一段的“Dressed in a black leather motorcycle jacket, leather cap and jeans ... is seen wearing the classic leather motorcycle jacket.”可知，麦当娜的皮革摩托夹克会让人联想到演员Marlon Brando。‎ ‎3．What is implied in the film Breakfast at Tiffany's according to the passage?‎ A．One can be active by wearing black.‎ B．One can be elegant by wearing simple.‎ C．One can be famous by looking perfect.‎ D．One can be stylish by eating at Tiffany's.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其是倒数第二句“She looks so elegant, wearing simple but beautiful dresses, big dark glasses and a string of pearls around her neck.”可推知，电影Breakfast at Tiffany's映射出一个人可以通过简单的衣着表现出优雅。‎ ‎4．What does the film Memoirs of a Geisha lead to?‎ A．The popularity of the Chinese actress.‎ B．The worldwide reading of geisha stories.‎ C．The recovery of interest in kimonos.‎ D．The “geisha trips” to social events.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段的倒数第三句“The film has also led to a regained interest in kimonos.”可知，电影Memoirs of a Geisha使人们重新对和服产生了兴趣。‎ B 话题 词数 建议用时 情景喜剧 ‎329‎ ‎7分钟 ‎ (2018·河北省石家庄市高中毕业班第一次模拟)‎ Keep Running into Mary Richards When I was 13, I first met Mary Richards, the central character in the sitcom (situation comedy) “The Mary Tyler Moore Show”. She was a single and independent career woman. As soon as I heard the show's theme song “Who can turn the world on with her smile？”， I was hooked. My friends were huge fans as well. Passing in the hallway at school, we would shout to each other, trying to imitate (模仿) Mary's accent. “Hi, Rho! See ya later, kid！”‎ The show lasted seven years, but our fascination (着迷) faded earlier. But that wasn't the end of Mary for me. In the 1990s, when I was single, living alone in a city, a TV station began airing reruns of “The Mary Tyler Moore Show” at 10 p．m. I was hooked all over again. But this time was different. The way she handled her career and relationships, sending a clear message that being 30plus and single was just fine, won my respect on a whole new level.‎ Once again, however, life moved on. I went to live in a different city, and 10 p．m. became the perfect time to call my mother each night. For me, talking to Mom was always a great pleasure. So when my mom passed away, it was as if the sun had gone out of the sky. That feeling seemed particularly intense at 10 p．m., when I'd find myself staring at my silent phone. And then I heard the song I'd first heard at age 13, “Who can turn the world on with her smile？”. Mary Richards,‎ ‎ of course! Thanks to the wonder of technology, Mary was now as close as my phone. So every night at 10, I would dial up an episode of “The Mary Tyler Moore Show”．‎ Weeks later, I realized I didn't need my nightly sessions with Mary anymore, because Mom's and Mary's elegance was showing itself in other corners of my life and, once again, I was ready to move on.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”在小时候就喜欢Mary Tyler Moore的情景喜剧，她在剧中扮演的角色Mary Richards一直影响着“我”。‎ ‎5.What does the author's imitation with her friends indicate?‎ A．They had a very happy childhood.‎ B．The theme song was well received.‎ C．They valued their friendship a lot.‎ D．The sitcom was popular with them.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第一段中的“My friends were huge fans as well. Passing in the hallway at school, we would shout to each other, trying to imitate (模仿) Mary's accent.”可知，“我”和朋友们都是Mary的粉丝，经常模仿她的口音；据此可以判断，情景喜剧很受“我”和朋友们的欢迎，故D项正确。‎ ‎6．How did the sitcom influence the author in the 1990s?‎ A．Her career was changed greatly.‎ B．She decided to stop living singly.‎ C．She became more confident in life.‎ D．Her fascination with it disappeared.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“The way she handled her career and relationships, sending a clear message that being 30plus and single was just fine, won my respect on a whole new level.”可推知，Mary的情景喜剧让“我”在生活中重拾自信，故C项正确。‎ ‎7．What does the underlined word “intense” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A．Contradictory. B．Strong.‎ C．Natural. D．Serious.‎ 解析：选B　词义猜测题。根据第三段的第四句“So when my mom passed away, it was as if the sun had gone out of the sky.”可知，母亲的去世让“我”感到非常悲伤；结合画线词所在句中的“when I'd find myself staring at my silent phone”可知，当晚上十点“我”凝视着电话时，这种悲伤的感觉尤其强烈。据此可知，画线词意为“强烈的”，故B项正确。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎(2018·唐山市高三一模)‎ Facts You Didn't Know About Happy People Here are some facts that happy people have combined into their lives. Take action, and you'll see yourself transformed into a happier person.‎ ‎__1__‎ It's easy to blame yourself when something goes wrong. However, focusing on learning from it will help you turn a mistake into something useful. Consider it an opportunity to grow.‎ They don't worry about unimportant things.‎ ‎__2__ There're cases where anger, disappointment and anxiety are reasonable reactions, but they don't have to be your final reactions. Learning to let go of the little things you can't control will allow you to focus better on the positive aspects of life.‎ They plan holidays.‎ Even if you can't afford a crosscontinent trip, there're many budgetfriendly (经济实惠的) ways to get out there. Experiencing a new culture or a change in scenery is a great way to bring extra happiness into your life. __3__‎ They say thank you.‎ Saying thank you makes everyone's day brighter. During a busy day, take a second to stop and be grateful for small things. It may not come naturally at first. __4__ In fact, there're plenty of opportunities to stop and appreciate little things.‎ They give themselves a break.‎ This little trick will help you to be both happier and more productive. Even if you bring your own lunch, step out for a walk. __5__ You'll feel refreshed and energetic after just five minutes.‎ A．Bad days happen.‎ B．They turn mistakes into lessons.‎ C．They turn a todo list into a game.‎ D．Stop watching other people live their lives.‎ E．It helps you to create memories that you'll never forget.‎ F．But in the long run, it will really increase your happiness.‎ G．Get your body moving and take your eyes off your screen.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了快乐的人在日常生活中的一些做法，这些看似简单的做法能够帮助我们保持积极的心态，使我们变得更加快乐。‎ ‎1．选B　该小标题下的一段主要讲了在出现问题时，快乐的人会把问题看成成长的机会，会把精力集中在从问题中学到东西上。因此，B项(他们把错误变成经验教训)最能概括本段主旨。‎ ‎2．选A　根据空后的“where anger, disappointment and anxiety are reasonable reactions”可知，在有些情况下，生气、失望以及焦虑都是合情合理的反应。故A项(糟糕的日子是在所难免的)与下一句承接自然，符合此处的语境。 ‎ ‎3．选E　 该空前一句讲了旅游的好处，即体验新文化、欣赏不同的风景能为你的生活带来额外的快乐。E项(它能帮你创造你永远都不会忘记的回忆)紧承上一句，对旅游的益处进行深入说明。 ‎ ‎4．选F　 该空前一句提到，一开始表达感激之情可能不会那么自然。F项(但从长远来看，这真的会增加你的幸福感)与上一句构成转折关系，其中的“in the long run”与该空前的“at first”相对应。‎ ‎5．选G　 该空前一句提到要找机会出去走走。G项(让你的身体动起来，将你的眼睛从屏幕上移开)不仅紧承上文，而且与下一句提到的运动的益处相符。‎ Ⅲ.短文改错 The American TV show The Voice is one of my most favorite amusement shows. In the one hand, I can listen to different styles of music. On the other hand, I can see the singers' stories, who are so inspiring. I was so impressed by a musical boy who was from the country. If he was very young, he loved to sing while doing the farm work. After work, he learned to play guitar. He liked living on the farm, for the life was simple. The boy brought his guitar to the stage, worn a fashionable hat which made him seem so mysteriously. When the boy sing a song with his guitar, all the judge were astonished by his talent. As a result, he won the game but finally became famous throughout the country.‎ 答案：第一句：去掉most 第二句：In→On 第三句：who→which 第五句：If→When 第六句：guitar前加the/his 第八句：worn→wearing; mysteriously→mysterious 第九句：sing→sang; judge→judges 第十句：but→and ‎　‎ 高考中，“文学与艺术”的文章多为记叙文、说明文或应用文，文学的题材主要包括各种文学和艺术形式、文化名人与艺术家等。这一话题在写作中也偶有考查，文体以记叙文和应用文为主。‎ 一、话题与阅读 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2017·江苏卷·完形填空)‎ ‎[1]For a long time Gabriel didn't want to be involved in music at all. In his first years of high school, Gabriel would look pityingly at the music students, __1__ across the campus with their heavy instrument cases, __2__ at school for practice hours __3__ anyone else had to be there. He swore to himself to __4__ music, as he hated getting to school extra early.‎ ‎[2]__5__， one day, in the music class that was __6__ of his school's standard curriculum, he was playing idly (随意地) on the piano and found it __7__ to pick out tunes. With a sinking feeling, he realized that he actually __8__ doing it. He tried to hide his __9__ pleasure from the music teacher, who had __10__ over to listen. He might not have done this particularly well, __11__ the teacher told Gabriel that he had a good __12__ and suggested that Gabriel go into the music storeroom to see if any of the instruments there __13__ him. There he decided to give the cello (大提琴) a __14__. When he began practicing, he took it very __15__. But he quickly found that he loved playing this instrument, and was __16__ to practicing it so that within a couple of months he was playing reasonably well.‎ ‎[3]This __17__， of course, that he arrived at school early in the morning, __18__ his heavy instrument case across the campus to the __19__ looks of the nonmusicians he had left __20__.‎ ‎1．A.travelling　　　　　　　 　B．marching C．pacing D．struggling ‎2．A.rising up B．coming up ‎ C．driving up D．turning up ‎3．A.before B．after C．until D．since ‎4．A.betray B．accept ‎ C．avoid D．appreciate ‎5．A.Therefore B．However C．Thus D．Moreover ‎6．A.part B．nature ‎ C．basis D．spirit ‎7．A.complicated B．safe ‎ C．confusing D．easy ‎8．A.missed B．disliked C．enjoyed D．denied ‎9．A.transparent B．obvious ‎ C．false D．similar ‎10．A.run B．jogged ‎ C．jumped D．wandered ‎11．A.because B．but ‎ C．though D．so ‎12．A.ear B．taste C．heart D．voice ‎13．A.occurred to B．took to ‎ C．appealed to D．held to ‎14．A.change B．chance ‎ C．mission D．function ‎15．A.seriously B．proudly ‎ C．casually D．naturally ‎16．A.committed B．used ‎ C．limited D．admitted ‎17．A.proved B．showed ‎ C．stressed D．meant ‎18．A.pushing B．dragging C．lifting D．rushing ‎19．A.admiring B．pitying ‎ C．annoying D．teasing ‎20．A.over B．aside C．behind D．out ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎(一)读文快一点 ‎1．抓首句和关键信息句，明文体，确保读文方向不跑偏 由文中 “For a long time ... be involved ...”，“ In his first years of high school ...”和关键信息句“__5__， one day, in the music class that was ...”等可判断此文是一篇记叙文。读文时应该重点关注与记叙文相关的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。‎ ‎2．抓关键词(话题词汇和行为动词)，巧串联，明文章大意 结合文中“look pityingly at, swore to himself，playing idly, pick out tunes” 等话题词汇和“decided to, began practicing, he loved playing, playing reasonably well” 等关键信息，可知此文为“最初加布里埃尔讨厌学习音乐，但后来在老师的引导下步入了音乐殿堂，爱上了音乐”的故事。 ‎ 本文的行文脉络如下：‎ ‎(二)做题准一点 ‎1．选D　根据句中的“heavy instrument cases”可知选择struggling，表示“艰难地行进”。‎ ‎2．选D　根据最后一段中的“arrived”可知，他们到校练习音乐，选择turn up“出现，到达”。‎ ‎3．选A　根据本段最后一句中的“extra early”可知，他们到校比其他任何人都早，因此选择before。‎ ‎4．选C　他发誓要避开音乐，因为他不喜欢很早到校，因此选择avoid。‎ ‎5．选B　根据第二段的内容可知，本句与上文有转折关系，因此选择However。‎ ‎6．选A　音乐课是学校标准课程的一部分，因此选择part。‎ ‎7．选D　由下文可知，他有音乐天赋，因此在随意地弹着钢琴时，他发现(慢慢)分辨出曲调是容易的。故答案为D。‎ ‎8．选C　根据下一句中的“pleasure”可知，他意识到实际上他喜欢弹钢琴。因此选择enjoyed。‎ ‎9．选B　他试图不让音乐老师看到他那种明显的快乐。obvious“明显的”，符合句意。‎ ‎10．选D　音乐老师已经踱步到了他的面前来听他弹奏。wander“漫步，徘徊，闲逛”，符合句意。‎ ‎11．选A　他想要掩饰自己对音乐的好感，不想让音乐老师知道。他可能并没有隐藏得很好，因为老师告诉他他有良好的辨音能力。故选because。‎ ‎12．选A　参见上题解析。ear在此表示“(学习音乐，模仿声音等的)能力”。‎ ‎13．选C　老师建议他去乐器室看看是否有吸引他的乐器，appeal to“吸引”，符合句意。‎ ‎14．选B　上文提及他弹钢琴，而这里指他决定给大提琴一个机会，即试一试大提琴，因此选择chance。‎ ‎15．选C　他开始练习拉大提琴时很随意，因此选择casually“随意地”。‎ ‎16．选A　be committed to doing sth.“尽心尽力做某事”，符合句意。‎ ‎17．选D　根据第一段可知，学习音乐当然就意味着他每天早上很早到校。mean“意味着”，符合句意。‎ ‎18．选B　根据句中的“heavy”可知选择dragging，表示“拖，拽”。‎ ‎19．选B　根据第一段中的“look pityingly at”可知选择pitying, pitying表示“同情的，怜悯的”。‎ ‎20．选C　由第一段可知他也曾经有过这样的表情，而现在他不再有这样的表情了，因此选择behind, leave ... behind表示“把……抛在后面”。‎ ‎[题后悟通]‎ 利用固定搭配解题 该类题型虽然在完形填空题中所占比重较小，但也是考查重点之一，主要包括动词短语、名词短语、形容词短语、介词短语等习惯性搭配及英语中一些常用的固定句式。‎ 在本篇完形填空中出现的固定搭配有：‎ ‎①第2题考查动词短语搭配“turn up”，意为：出现，到达。‎ ‎②第12题考查介词短语搭配“have a good ear ”，意为：听力好。‎ ‎③第13题考查动词短语搭配“appeal to”，意为：吸引。‎ ‎④第16题考查动词短语搭配“be committed to doing sth.”，意为：尽心尽力做某事。‎ ‎⑤第20题考查动词短语搭配“leave ... behind”，意为：把……抛在后面。‎ ‎(三)积累多一点 ‎1．instrument n．　　　　　　　仪器；乐器；工具 ‎2．swear v. 发誓；咒骂 ‎3．curriculum n. 全部课程；课程 ‎4．be involved in 卷入；涉及，专心 ‎5．get to 到达；开始；达到…地步 ‎6．pick out 挑选出；辨别出 二、话题与写作 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)‎ 假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸(papercutting)艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1．展览时间、地点；‎ ‎2．展览内容。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎[写作规范]　‎ 第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分 ‎1．邀请某人做某事　　　　 invite_sb._to_do_sth.‎ ‎2．参加；出席 attend ‎3．节日 festivals ‎4．婚礼 wedding ‎5．表演 perform ‎6．传统的 traditional ‎7．在现场 on_the_spot 第二步：列全要点、写对句子保基本分 ‎1．我写信邀请你参加中国剪纸艺术展。‎ I am writing to invite_you_to_attend the Chinese papercutting art exhibition. ‎ ‎2．展览时间是下周六上午8点至下午5点，地点在市中心的艺术馆。‎ The exhibition is_to_be_held in the art gallery from 8：00 am to 5：00 pm next Sunday in our city center.‎ ‎3．剪纸是一种传统的中国艺术形式。‎ Papercutting is a traditional_art_form in China.‎ ‎4．它有着1 500多年的历史。‎ It has_a_history_of more than 1,500 years.‎ ‎5．你可以看到各种样式的剪纸。‎ You can see papercutting with all_kinds_of_patterns.‎ 第三步：句式升级、打造亮点得高分 ‎1．用不定式作定语合并句1和句2‎ I_am_writing_to_invite_you_to_attend_the_Chinese_papercutting_art_exhibition_to_be_held_in_the_art_gallery_from_8：00_am_to_5：00_pm_next_Sunday_in_our_city_center.‎ ‎2．用非限制性定语从句合并句3和句4‎ Papercutting_is_a_traditional_art_form_in_China,_which_has_a_history_of_more_than_1,500_years.‎ 第四步：过渡衔接、润色成文创满分 Dear_Henry，‎ I_am_writing_to_invite_you_to_attend_the_Chinese_papercutting_art_exhibition_to_be_held_in_the_art_gallery_from_8：00_am_to_5：00_pm_next_Sunday_in_our_city_center.‎ Papercutting_is_a_traditional_art_form_in_China,_which_has_a_history_of_more_than_1,500_years._People_often_decorate_their_home_with_papercutting_during_festivals_and_weddings._In_this_exhibition,_you_can_see_papercutting_with_all_kinds_of_patterns._In_addition,_there_are_famous_artists_who_will_perform_how_to_cut_paper_on_the_spot._I_wish_that_you_could_grasp_this_opportunity_to_learn_traditional_Chinese_culture_further.‎ Looking_forward_to_your_reply.‎ Yours_sincerely，‎ Li_Hua 一、话题阅读集训　文学与艺术 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·山西四校联考)The chance of a snowy holiday season in most American cities is practically impossible this year, so any festive atmosphere to be enjoyed will have to be the imaginary sort. Luckily, there are books for that.‎ The Complete Fairy Tales by Hans Christian Andersen Any reader of fairy tales knows Andersen's responsible for the snowy scenes in “The Snow Queen”， the story of children Kay and Gerda, who must face the goddesslike woman who controls all snowflakes after Kay is kidnapped.‎ Family Life by Akhil Sharma It's a beautiful yet tragic novel about an Indian family immigrating to America, only to face entirely new hardships. Sharma's novel isn't entirely set in the wintertime, but his poetic descriptions of winter weather as lovely yet isolating make it a great choice for a December read.‎ Frankenstein by Mary Shelley Go ahead and give up the movie adaptation that has been produced recently and read or reread the classic itself. You know the story: a scientist driven by his ambition discovers a method for creating life, and spends two years cobbling together a living creature, who later feels angry with him.‎ An American Childhood by Annie Dillard Dillard's first book is, as its title suggests, about her change from being a selfcentered child to being an adult more concerned with the world around her than with her own personal concerns. Her parents are key figures in the story. One famous scene takes place during what the author calls “a big snow”， in 1950.‎ 语篇解读：本文主要介绍了四本文学名著的作者、内容简介等相关信息，它们是《安徒生童话全集》、《家庭生活》、《弗兰肯斯坦》和《美国童年》。‎ ‎1．Who wrote a novel about “The Snow Queen”？‎ A．Annie Dillard.　　　　 　B．Mary Shelley.‎ C．Akhil Sharma. D．Hans Christian Andersen.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据文中介绍第一本书时说的“Any reader of fairy tales knows Andersen's responsible for the snowy scenes in ‘The Snow Queen’．..”可知，《冰雪女王》的作者是安徒生。故选D项。‎ ‎2．Which novel is about an Indian's family?‎ A．The Snow Queen. B．Family Life.‎ C．An American Childhood. D．Frankenstein.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据Family Life by Akhil Sharma部分的第一句“It's a beautiful yet tragic novel about an Indian family immigrating to America ...”可知，《家庭生活》的故事内容是关于一个移民到美国的印度家庭。故选B项。‎ ‎3．What do we know about Frankenstein?‎ A．It has been adapted for movies.‎ B．It's about the secret history.‎ C．It's about an Indian family.‎ D．It's a fairy tale.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据Frankenstein by Mary Shelley部分的第一句“Go ahead and give up the movie adaptation ...”可知，《弗兰肯斯坦》已被改编成电影。故选A项。‎ ‎4．From An American Childhood, we know the main characters are ________.‎ A．selfcentered children B．adults C．scientists D．Dillard's parents 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Her parents are key figures in the story.”可知，迪拉德的父母是书中故事的主角。故选D项。‎ B ‎(2018·广西桂林十八中模拟)No one can deny that buttons are an important clothing device. But, can they rise to the level of art? Organizers of an exhibit in New York City think so.‎ Peter Souleo Wright organized “The Button Show” at Rush Arts Gallery in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan. Eleven artists used the small, ordinary objects to create sculptures, portraits and wearable art. Some of the works are political, some are personal and others are just fun.‎ Wright said each artist reimagines and repurposes the buttons to make art.“What I tried to do with this show，” he said, “was to look at artists who were promoting that level of craft.”‎ He said he wanted the button art to be comparable to a painting “because of the amount of detail and precision in the work”．‎ Artist Beau McCall produced “A Harlem Hangover”. It looks like a wine bottle that fell over on a table. A stream of connected red buttons hang over the side, like wine flowing down. Similar red buttons form a small pool on the floor.‎ McCall layers buttons of different shapes and sizes to create the bottle. The stitching that holds them together is also part of the artistic design.‎ For San Franciscobased artist Lisa Kokin, buttons are highly personal. After her father died in 2001, she created a portrait of him using only buttons. That memorial to her father led to other button portraits, including those of activists Rosa Parks and Cesar Chavez.‎ Others use buttons for details. Artist Amalia Amaki of Tuscaloosa, Alabama, placed them on and around old photographs. Los Angeles artist Camilla Taylor attached buttons to three large sculptures that look like headless animals with long, narrow legs.‎ ‎“The Button Show” ends at March 12. The Rush Philanthropic Arts Foundation paid for the exhibition. The foundation was created in 1995 by the Simmons brothers: artist Danny, hiphop ‎ producer Russell and rapper Reverend Run. The foundation seeks to bring the artists to urban youth and to provide support for new artists.‎ 语篇解读：文章介绍了纽约艺术家们组织的一场特殊的纽扣展览，在展览中人们见到了许多有创意的艺术品。‎ ‎5．Why did Wright organize “The Button Show”？‎ A．To show the importance of buttons.‎ B．To support the new artists.‎ C．To raise the button show to the level of art.‎ D．To create sculptures and portraits.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“But, can they rise to the level of art? Organizers of an exhibit in New York City think so.”和第二段中的“Peter Souleo Wright organized ‘The Button Show’”可知，赖特组织“纽扣展”的目的是将纽扣展上升到艺术水平。故选C项。‎ ‎6．Whose works are personal?‎ A．Peter Souleo Wright. B．Beau McCall.‎ C．Lisa Kokin. D．Amalia Amaki.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句“For San Franciscobased artist Lisa Kokin, buttons are highly personal.”可知，对于莉萨·科金来说纽扣是高度私人化的东西。故选C项。‎ ‎7．If you want to see “The Button Show”， you should ________.‎ A．buy tickets before March 12‎ B．phone Peter Souleo Wright before March 12‎ C．go to Rush Arts Gallery D．go to the Rush Philanthropic Arts Foundation 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Peter Souleo Wright organized ‘The Button Show’ at Rush Arts Gallery in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan.”可知，赖特组织的纽扣展是在Rush Arts Gallery。故选C项。‎ C ‎(2018·济南市高三模拟)A European Union program is letting blind people experience famous paintings for the first time. It uses threedimensional (3D)printing to recreate famous paintings so they can be touched.‎ One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt's “The Kiss”. It is a popular attraction at the Belvedere Museum in Vienna, Austria. The painting shows a man and a woman standing in a field filled with flowers. They are wearing gold robes and have their arms around each other. The man leans down to kiss the woman.‎ Klimt finished the painting in 1908. Until now, people who had trouble seeing could not appreciate the artwork. But thanks to the reproduction they can touch the piece and feel the ridges and depressions. Andreas Reichinger started making 3D versions of artwork in 2010. He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couple's robes are so detailed.‎ Dominika Raditsch is a blind museum visitor. She touched the reproduction. As she moved her hands around it she said, “Exactly, can you see these? There are so many details.” Raditsch said she could imagine what the original painting looks like when she touched the reproduction. “It's somehow round. You can feel it. You can feel it. It comes with it. And in many places it's so smooth. And then I think to myself: it probably shines too！” Raditsch said.‎ The Belvedere is not the only museum to have 3D versions of its artwork. Some of the pieces at the Prado Museum, in Madrid, Spain have reproductions that can be touched. But the piece in Vienna has one special part: it is made with widely available 3D printing technology. That means one day, blind art fans anywhere in the world could download the source files and print the reproductions themselves.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了欧盟的一个项目使用3D打印技术重现名画，让它们可以被视障人士触摸到。‎ ‎8．What is “The Kiss”？‎ A．A European Union project.‎ B．A popular painting.‎ C．A 3D technology.‎ D．A famous museum.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。从文章第二段的“One painting printed with the new technology is Gustav Klimt's ‘The Kiss’. It is a popular attraction”可知，《吻》是一幅深受欢迎的画作。故选B项。‎ ‎9．Why did Reichinger say this reproduction was difficult to finish?‎ A．The painting was reproduced detailedly.‎ B．The original artwork was made in 1908.‎ C．Blind art fans can't download the source.‎ D．The 3D technology is not available.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。从文章第三段的最后一句“He said this reproduction was his most difficult project because the couple's robes are so detailed.”可知，Andreas Reichinger说《吻》是最难完成的作品，因为那对恋人的长袍细节很多。故选A项。‎ ‎10．How did Raditsch feel when she first touched the reproduction?‎ A．Awkward. B．Puzzled.‎ C．Excited. D．Nervous.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。从文章第四段中的“You can feel it. You can feel it.”可以推测出Raditsch“激动的”心情。故选C项。‎ ‎11．What is the best title for the text?‎ A．A European Union program for Museum Visitors B．3D Printing Lets the Blind Experience Famous Paintings C．How to Reproduce the Worldfamous Paintings D．A Special Museum for Art Fans in Vienna, Austria 解析：选B　标题归纳题。从文章第一段的内容可以看出，用3D打印技术让视障人士体验名画是文章的中心，下文是围绕该话题展开介绍的。故选B项。‎ D ‎(2018·合肥市第一次质检)Many young people these days adore the advertised magazine body and become too focused on attaining this image instead of worrying more about what lasts and even grows over time. But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years, and suddenly being ugly after moving to another continent? It is a sad reality that people don't realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another.‎ Think of the most typical American girl you know. Is she blonde haired with white skin and light blue eyes, and does she love shopping or sports? Now place this girl in the heart of Africa, where beauty is placed on what you can control. The Maasai tribe in Kenya focuses on how clean people are, and how stylish their piercings (穿孔) are. This tribe's culture is to be a brave fighter, so they will cut their skin with patterns in it to show that they are strong. If you don't look fierce, you are not beautiful.‎ Other countries like North Korea and South Korea have their own unique views on beauty. In an interview, a woman who has lived in both North Korea and South Korea claims that beauty in North Korea is based more on your ability to be a good woman and wife. She says that women in North Korea are less concerned about fashion and beauty in the physical sense. She says they did have a time when big eyes were a big deal and everyone wanted to get double eyelid surgery. This is something extreme and could perhaps be influenced by Western culture. But don't you think the idea of getting surgery done to look more attractive is crazy?‎ ‎12．What does the underlined word “vacillating” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A．Inconsistent. B．Reasonable.‎ C．Unusual. D．Similar.‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第一段第二句“But could you imagine being considered beautiful for years, and suddenly being ugly after moving to another continent？”‎ 可知，许多年里，你都被认为是美丽的，当你搬到另一个大陆时突然会被认为是难看的。由此可知美会随着地点的不同发生变化，因此此处指人们没有意识到不同国家的人对美的观点是不一致的。inconsistent“不一致的”；reasonable“合理的”；unusual“不寻常的”；similar“相似的”。‎ ‎13．The Maasai tribe in Kenya is mentioned to show that in their eyes ________.‎ A．getting dirty is stylish B．looking fierce is beautiful C．strong people cut their skin D．American girls love shopping 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“If you don't look fierce, you are not beautiful.”可知，肯尼亚的Maasai部落认为看起来凶猛就是美丽的。‎ ‎14．According to the woman interviewed, women in North Korea now ________.‎ A．care a lot about their appearance B．put the beauty of eyes in the first place C．pay great attention to their ability D．are crazy about double eyelid surgery 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据最后一段的“claims that beauty in North Korea is based more on your ability to be a good woman and wife”可知，朝鲜的女性现在更加关注她们成为好女人和好妻子的能力。‎ ‎15．What does the text mainly tell us?‎ A．Inner beauty is of great importance.‎ B．Ideas of beauty vary among culture groups.‎ C．Different ways are needed to admire true beauty.‎ D．Fashion magazines easily influence young people.‎ 解析：选B　主旨大意题。根据第一段的“It is a sad reality that people don't realize how vacillating the idea of beauty can be from one country to another.”可知，不同国家的人对美的观点是不同的，即不同的文化群体对美的观点不尽相同。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎(2018·郑州市高三质量预测)From childhood, Moira loved to write. Throughout school she __1__ writing, but pursuing (追求) it __2__ was never a possibility. Her father was a doctor, her mother a nurse. “Medicine was a fairly __3__ option，” Moira says. “And writing was a career where it wasn't a __4__ that you'd have high income.” ‎ She became a doctor but still wanted to do some writing. However, being a doctor was so __5__ that she didn't take up writing until her thirties. She __6__ a novel — a fictionalized version of her travels in China after university. She got excellent __7__. Moira sent it off to as many agents as she could find, and found one who wanted to __8__ her. Suddenly, it seemed she was on her __9__ as an author.‎ ‎“I had one lengthy phone call with the agent where we __10__ all possible areas she thought ‎ needed __11__. I worked on those and sent it back to her but didn't hear anything.” it was not long __12__ Moira found another agent who was __13__ if she was willing to rewrite it from the first person to the third person. She did the hard work and sent it off again. “I got back a really brief letter：‘Thank you, I'm no longer interested.’ It was really __14__.”‎ A decade went by, and Moira found herself itching to write again, this time __15__ for her own enjoyment. She __16__ herself the challenge of creating a thriller and chose Western Australia as her setting.‎ As she was writing just for herself, something surprising began to happen. “The characters __17__ a life of their own; they started doing things I hadn't thought about. It just __18__ out.” One day, an agent called from Australia. Three weeks later, Moira had a publication deal. Her novel, Cicada, was published in March.‎ ‎“__19__ it hadn't been published I still gained so much from the __20__，” says Moira.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Moira一直未放弃写作的梦想，创作了以西澳大利亚州为背景的惊险小说，最终获得了成功。‎ ‎1．A.learnt B．avoided C．considered D．enjoyed 解析：选D　根据空前一句“From childhood, Moira loved to write”可知，Moira自小就喜欢写作；根据本句语境可知，她在上学期间喜欢(enjoyed)写作。‎ ‎2．A.actively B．professionally C．energetically D．permanently 解析：选B　根据语境并结合常识可知，Moira在上学期间专业地(professionally)追求写作是不可能的。‎ ‎3．A.influential B．explicit C．terrible D．safe 解析：选D　根据空后的“And writing was a career where it wasn't a __4__ that you'd have high income.”可知，Moira认为写作不能保证高收入；据此可以判断，她认为医学是一个相当安全的(safe)选择。‎ ‎4．A.dream B．purpose C．choice D．certainty 解析：选D　根据语境可知，写作不能保证高收入。certainty“确定的事”，故选D。‎ ‎5．A.promising B．discouraging C．demanding D．interesting 解析：选C　根据语境可知，医生是一个要求高的(demanding)职业，因此她直到三十多岁才开始写作。‎ ‎6．A.produced B．introduced C．bought D．received 解析：选A　根据语境可知，她以大学后在中国的旅游经历为背景创作(produced)了一本小说。‎ ‎7．A.rewards B．readers C．reviews D．praises 解析：选C　根据该段尾句“Suddenly, it seemed she was on her __9__ as an author.”可以判断，这部小说写出来后，她得到了良好的评论(reviews)。A项意为“报酬”，B项意为“读者”，D项意为“赞扬”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎8．A.employ B．represent C．trust D．guide 解析：选B　根据语境可知，Moira将自己创作的小说寄给了许多代理人，终于找到了愿意代理(represent)她的作品的人。‎ ‎9．A.own B．feet C．way D．business 解析：选C　根据语境可知，她似乎突然就要成为作家了。on one's way为固定搭配，意为“即将到达或发生”。‎ ‎10．A.took off B．went through C．pulled down D．came over 解析：选B　根据语境可知，她与代理人通过电话讨论(went through)了所有代理人认为应该润色(polishing)的地方。‎ ‎11．A.deleting B．adapting C．polishing D．covering 解析：选C　参见上题解析。‎ ‎12．A.before B．after C．since D．when 解析：选A　根据语境可知，不久之后Moira就发现了另一个代理人。It was/is not long before ...为固定句型，意为“不久之后……”。‎ ‎13．A.fascinated B．interested C．anxious D．amused 解析：选B　根据语境可知，Moira发现了另一个对她的小说感兴趣的(interested)代理人。下文的“I'm no longer interested”也是提示。‎ ‎14．A.common B．absurd C．terrifying D．disappointing 解析：选D　根据上文的“Thank you, I'm no longer interested”‎ 可知，代理人不再对她的小说感兴趣；据此可以判断，她很失望(disappointing)。‎ ‎15．A.purely B．wonderfully C．instantly D．sadly 解析：选A　根据该句的“Moira found herself itching to write again, this time __15__ for her own enjoyment”并结合语境可知，Moira再次想要写作，这次纯粹(purely)为了自己的兴趣。‎ ‎16．A.set B．found C．made D．permitted 解析：选A　根据该句“She __16__ herself the challenge of creating a thriller and chose Western Australia as her setting.”可知，她给自己设立(set)了挑战，以西澳大利亚州为背景创作惊险小说。‎ ‎17．A.put up B．took on C．went over D．got down 解析：选B　根据该句中的“The characters __17__ a life of their own; they started doing things I hadn't thought about.”可知，她让人物呈现(took on)出他们生活原有的样子。A项意为“建造，提升”，C项意为“反复研究”，D项意为“咽下，写下”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎18．A.flew B．brought C．broke D．carried 解析：选A　根据下文可知，Moira的书得到了一位澳大利亚代理人的重视并顺利出版；据此可以判断，她的书获得了成功(fly)。fly在此意为“成功”，符合语境。‎ ‎19．A.Ever since B．As if C．If only D．Even if 解析：选D　根据语境可知，即使(Even if)这本书不出版，Moira仍然从写作过程(process)中得到很多。D项意为“即使”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“从……以来”，B项意为“仿佛”，C项意为“要是……就好了”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎20．A.adventure B．practice C．process D．result 解析：选C　参见上题解析。‎ 二、“4篇阅读理解＋1篇完形填空”押题练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Moutai Thanks the Hit Movie Wolf Warrior Ⅱ for Free Advertising Chinese box office hit Wolf Warrior Ⅱ has received a thankyou letter from the president of China Kweichow Moutai (Group) Distillery Co., Ltd, the country's most famous brand of liquor, because of the scenes where the hero drank Moutai liquor in the movie.‎ The movie, which premiered (首映) on July 27, 2017, tells the story of a former Chinese People's Liberation Army soldier protecting Chinese citizens and local factory workers in an African war zone.‎ The patriotic (爱国的) emotions have proven popular with audiences. By the end of September, Wolf Warrior Ⅱ had earned more than 5.6 billion yuan, breaking China's alltime box office record, set last year by Hong Kong comedy The Mermaid. Wu Jing, 43, both starred in and directed Wolf Warrior Ⅱ， whose prequel (前传) earned 525 million yuan in 2015.‎ On August 7, Yuan Renguo, president of Kweichow Moutai, congratulated Wu Jing on his success in an open letter on the company's website. “The movie has hit a new record and become a phenomenon，” Yuan wrote. “The movie is now synonymous (相同的) with patriotism. Your free advertising of Moutai in the movie has once more allowed this famous Chinese brand to impress the world.”‎ Yuan also added that the company had organized screenings of the film for its more than 30,000 employees, which improved their feelings of nationalism and “company cohesion (凝聚力)”．‎ Many moviegoers also said they were impressed by the patriotic plot of Wolf Warrior Ⅱ. Tong Yemeng, a 32yearold office worker from Beijing, told Sixth Tone that she watched the film because of positive reviews from her colleagues and on the social media. “I felt so moved and proud of my country when I saw Wu Jing waving the national flag in the war zone，” she said. “It showed our increasing national power.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是对2017年热门电影《战狼Ⅱ》的介绍，该影片主题突出，表现的是一种爱国情怀和为国家、为民族不惜牺牲一切的精神，充分展现了当代中国军人的责任和担当，充满正能量。‎ ‎1．What did the hero of Wolf Warrior Ⅱ once do?‎ A．He was a worker.　　　　 　B．He was a soldier.‎ C．He was a coach. D．He was a president.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The movie ... tells the story of a former Chinese People's Liberation Army soldier protecting ... zone.”可知，《战狼Ⅱ》中的英雄曾经是一名军人。故选择B项。‎ ‎2．Why is Wolf Warrior Ⅱ so popular?‎ A．Because the movie is concerned with the love of our country.‎ B．Because Wu Jing played a key role and directed the film.‎ C．Because it is the first film concerning an African war zone.‎ D．Because the plot gives audiences a deep impression.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The patriotic(爱国的) emotions have proven popular with audiences.”可知，这部影片很受欢迎的原因与爱国有关。故选A项。‎ ‎3．Which word can best describe Yuan Renguo's attitude towards the movie when he wrote the letter?‎ A．Favorable. B．Astonished.‎ C．Relieved. D．Uncaring.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The movie has hit a new record and become a phenomenon”与“... has once more allowed this famous Chinese brand to impress the world”和第五段，再结合文章标题可知，他写信时是非常赞许这部电影的。故选A项。‎ ‎4．What caused Tong Yemeng to see Wolf Warrior Ⅱ？‎ A．Desiring to relax. B．External influence.‎ C．Feeling lonely. D．Friends' urgency.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Tong Yemeng，a 32yearold office worker from Beijing, told Sixth Tone that she watched the film because of positive reviews from her colleagues and on the social media.”可知，是外部影响促使她去看《战狼Ⅱ》的。故选B项。‎ B Jack Ma：Asia's richest man just became $2.8bn richer in one day Jack Ma's net worth increased by $2.8bn overnight as Alibaba forecast sales growth that topped every analyst's estimate on June 8, 2017, despite the fact that China's economy is slowing down.‎ Mr Ma, aged 52 this year, is now the richest person in Asia and the 14th wealthiest in the world, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index. His net worth has climbed $8.5bn this year to $41.8bn.‎ The latest surge came after China's largest ecommerce company forecast 45 to 49 per cent revenue (收入) growth in the year ending March, demonstrating how investments in online shopping are paying off. Shares in Alibaba, where Mr Ma is chairman, rose 13 per cent to a record high.‎ Alibaba and Tencent, which dominate online shopping and social media respectively, have ventured (冒险) deeper into new areas from cloud computing services to streaming music and video as the country's economy slows. Alibaba is capturing more digital advertising spending by incorporating (吸收) social elements such as video in its shopping sites.‎ Alibaba is holding meetings with investors this week. On Friday, the former English teacher ‎ said he wasn't going to discuss corporate forecasts. He took the stage instead to describe how his company had become effectively the world's 22nd largest economy — just after Argentina — in terms of transactions (交易) by never fearing to think big. Mr Ma, who said Alibaba revised 10year plans annually, foresaw the company becoming the fifthlargest eventually by 2036 by serving burgeoning (迅速发展) Chinese middle classes, taking advantage of global trade and making use of its valuable data.‎ Ma's comments about the evolution of datadriven technology echoed those of Masayoshi Son, chairman of Japan's SoftBank. SoftBank — Alibaba's largest shareholder — has invested billions in companies such as ARM with the intention of staking out a leading position in the future Internet of Things.‎ ‎“The Internet of Things is going to be big because in the past, machines ‘drank’ electricity，” Mr Ma told investors. “In the next 20 years, machines will ‘drink’ data. In the future, no company, no country, no business can survive without data.”‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了阿里巴巴集团股票股价上涨13%，使董事长马云净身家在一天之内增加28亿美元，成为亚洲首富的故事。‎ ‎5．The text is intended to tell us that ________.‎ A．China's economy is not satisfying B．Jack Ma has become Asia's richest man C．online shopping grows rapidly worldwide D．Alibaba is the largest company in the world 解析：选B　主旨大意题。通览全文可知，本文介绍了阿里巴巴集团股票股价上涨13%，使董事长马云净身家在一天之内增加28亿美元，成为亚洲首富的故事。故选B项。‎ ‎6．The underlined word “surge” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”．‎ A．sudden increase B．rapid decline C．dead time D．uncertainty 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“Jack Ma's net worth increased by $2.8bn overnight”和第三段中的“China's largest ecommerce company forecast 45 to 49 per cent revenue (收入) growth in the year ending March”可以推测画线词意为“急剧上升”。‎ ‎7．What do we know about Alibaba?‎ A．It is China's largest social media company.‎ B．It makes profits mainly from digital advertising.‎ C．It is providing cloud computing services.‎ D．It is new to streaming music and video.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第四段的第一句“Alibaba and Tencent, which dominate ‎ online shopping and social media respectively, have ventured (冒险) deeper into new areas from cloud computing services to streaming music and video ...”可知，由于国家经济下滑，阿里巴巴已进军云计算服务领域。‎ ‎8．What does Jack Ma stress in the last paragraph?‎ A．The investment of global trade.‎ B．The importance of data.‎ C．The necessity of sharing information.‎ D．The future of the Internet of Things.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的最后一句“In the future, no company, no country, no business can survive without data.”可知，在将来，任何公司的发展和存在都离不开数据，因此他强调了“data”的重要性。‎ C Stephen Hawking Warns Humans Must Leave Earth Soon Professor Stephen Hawking recently came out with a serious warning for people. While at the Starmus Festival, a festival in Trondheim, Norway, celebrating science and the arts, Hawking warned people that the human race is in serious danger.‎ Hawking criticized President Donald Trump for denying climate change. Then the physicist warned the audience, “I am not denying the importance of fighting climate change and global warming, unlike Donald Trump, who may just have taken the most serious and wrong decision on climate change this world has seen.”‎ Hawking proposed that the leading countries should send astronauts to the Moon before 2020 to restart a movement of more exploration in space. The BBC reported that Hawking suggested that we “build a lunar base in 30 years' time and send people to Mars by 2025”．‎ According to the BBC, Professor Hawking said, “Spreading out into space will completely change the future of humanity.” He continued, “I hope it would unite competitive nations in a single goal to face the common challenge for us all.” The physicist shared more ideas to motivate the younger generation to continue exploring space. Hawking stated, “A new and ambitious space program would excite (young people), and stimulate interest in other areas, such as astrophysics (天体物理学) and cosmology (宇宙学)．”‎ Hawking also revealed his vision of other forms of energy that could move us to a new planet. He warned the audience, “The Earth is under threat from so many areas that it is difficult for me to be positive.” He continued, “Our natural resources are being drained at an alarming rate. We have given our planet the disastrous gifts of climate change, rising temperatures, reduction of the polar ice caps, deforestation (滥伐森林), and decimation (大批杀死) of animal species. We can be an ignorant and unthinking (考虑不周的) lot.”‎ The professor warned the audience that doing nothing would lead nowhere. He said, “If we succeed we will send a probe (航天探测器) to Alpha Centauri within the lifetime of some of you alive today. It is clear that we are entering a new space age. We are standing at the threshold (开端) of a new era. Human colonization and moving to other planets is no longer science fiction, and it can be science fact.” Hawking advised the audience to move to other worlds because we are running out of space.‎ 语篇解读：文章引用了世界知名物理学及天文学家霍金的观点，阐明了人类必须离开地球在太空中找一处新家的原因。‎ ‎9．According to Hawking, what is the first step for humans to spread out into space?‎ A．To send people to Mars.‎ B．To build a lunar base.‎ C．To send astronauts to the Moon.‎ D．To change the future of humanity.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由文章第三段的第一句可知，人类要向太空扩展应在2020年之前把宇航员送到月球以重启太空探索，故选C项。‎ ‎10．The underlined word “drained” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by “________”．‎ A．speeded up B．stored C．used up D．explored 解析：选C　词义猜测题。由该词前面的“natural resources”和后面的“at an alarming rate”可以推断出，drain在这里是“用完，耗尽”的意思，故选C项。‎ ‎11．What is Hawking's attitude towards the Earth's future?‎ A．Pessimistic. B．Confused.‎ C．Positive. D．Indifferent.‎ 解析：选A　观点态度题。由文章中反复出现的“warned”以及第五段的内容可以推断出，霍金对地球的未来持悲观的态度，这也是他提出人类要离开地球的原因，故选A项。‎ ‎12．The reason why humans must leave the Earth soon is that ________.‎ A．the Earth is under threat and the human race is in serious danger B．humans have found other forms of energy to move to a new planet C．a new and ambitious space program would excite young people D．astronauts have found a better world in space than the Earth 解析：选A　细节理解题。由第一段的第二句和第五段的第二句可知，人类必须离开地球的原因是：人类处于危险之中，地球受到威胁，故选A项。‎ D Called “the man who shaped America” and “the father of modern industrial design”，‎ ‎ Raymond Loewy must be one of the most influential designers of all time. He revolutionized the industry, working as an adviser for more than 200 companies and creating designs for everything from packaging to refrigerators, from cars to the insides of spaceships.‎ Loewy's designs all had one thing in common. They were shaped by the MAYA principle — Most Advanced Yet Acceptable. His idea was that people will not accept solutions to design problems if the solutions are too different from current designs.‎ Loewy started his career in industrial design in 1929 by redesigning a copying machine for the British manufacturer, Sigmund Gestetner. The 28yearold designer completed the task in three days and the design of the machine lasted for the next 40 years.‎ The Gestetner copying machine was the beginning of many designs which used streamlining (流线型). He described this as “beauty through function and simplification”. He spent the next 50 years streamlining everything from postage stamps and company logos (商标) to the insides of stores. The famous Greyhound bus and Studebaker car show his use of streamlining in action.‎ He is perhaps most famous for his redesign of the Lucky Strike packaging. In 1940, the President of the Lucky Strike Manufacturing Company, George Washington Hill, bet Loewy D|S50,000 that he could not improve the appearance of the green and red Lucky Strike packets. Loewy accepted the challenge. He changed the background of the packet from green to white. Then he put the red lucky strike target on both sides of the packet. This made it more eyecatching and greatly increased sales. It is now recognized as a design classic.‎ Loewy's logo design aimed at “visual retention (视觉保持)”. He wanted to make sure that anyone who saw the logo, even for a short while, would never forget it. He designed many highly visible logos for famous companies such as Shell Oil, Exxon, Greyhound and Nabisco.‎ By the mid 20th century, his industrial design firm was so famous that he could say “the average person, leading a normal life ... is bound to be in daily contact with some of the things, services or structures” designed by his firm.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了20世纪最著名的美国工业设计师之一与美国工业奠基人雷蒙德·罗维。‎ ‎13．Loewy's biggest influence was in ________.‎ A．completely changing the design industry B．successfully shaping Americans' taste C．changing people's idea about design D．building a professional design team 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the father of modern industrial design”和“one of the most influential designers of all time”以及“He revolutionized the industry”可知，雷蒙德·罗维完全改变了设计行业。‎ ‎14．Loewy's designs were based on the idea of ________.‎ A．speeding up the design process B．providing completely different designs C．providing most immediately recognizable designs D．offering original but not revolutionary answers to problems 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，罗维的设计都基于一个原则：最先进的但仍可接受的。‎ ‎15．What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A．Loewy provided service to ordinary people.‎ B．Loewy's designs were famous and influential.‎ C．Loewy's design firms existed all over the world.‎ D．Loewy was welcomed and respected by the public.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，一个普通人每日都会接触雷蒙德·洛威公司的设计作品，由此可推知，雷蒙德·罗维公司的设计作品非常著名，而且极富影响力。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 I'm sitting at the airport watching people in the last minutes before their loved ones arrive or depart.‎ A woman is trying to gather her family members together for a __1__. When the final moment comes before __2__， she wraps (用……缠绕) her arms around her son, giving him a __3__ hug that could protect him until she __4__.‎ I sit with a book in my hands, waiting for my turn to leave, __5__， because the ones I love have a different __6__ from mine.‎ I think of other departures and arrivals. I __7__ seeing my daughter. I wrapped my arms around her as if she'd been __8__. That year she was in her first year at university, coming home for the first time.‎ Today my flight is two hours late. When my flight is __9__ called, I gather my book and luggage. __10__ there is no one to see me off, I do not __11__ to see where I have come from. __12__， I think of my husband at work __13__ if I have left yet.‎ As I head towards the plane, I find myself __14__ another arrival. That year, my 91yearold grandfather died. After returning from his funeral, I arrived at the airport __15__. My husband of only a year was waiting at the gate to take me in his arms. Because of my tears, __16__ was looking at us, but I didn't __17__.‎ Life needs the important __18__ all the time. I wish that all the people who went on a __19__ could come back to find someone __20__ them. I also wish they could leave with someone to see them off.‎ 语篇解读：‎ 作者在机场看着不断出发和到达的人，想起自己两次与亲人重聚的情景，作者希望每个人在每一个重要的出发和到达的时刻都有人陪伴。‎ ‎1．A.lecture B．goodbye C．dinner D．party 解析：选B　根据第一段的“their loved ones arrive or depart”和空后面的“When the final moment comes”可知，应该选B项，有位女士在分离时刻把她的家人聚到一起道别。‎ ‎2．A.gathering B．boarding C．announcing D．landing 解析：选B　根据空前的内容可知，与亲人朋友道别自然应该是在登机之前，因此选B项，board在此意为“登机”。‎ ‎3．A.powerful B．gentle C．warm D．common 解析：选A　根据空后定语从句的内容可知，应该选A项，强有力的拥抱才能够保护儿子。‎ ‎4．A.leaves B．survives C．returns D．recovers 解析：选C　分别前与儿子拥抱，自然是希望自己强有力的拥抱能够保护儿子直到她归来，因此选C项。‎ ‎5．A.frightened B．anxious C．relaxed D．alone 解析：选D　根据空后原因状语从句的内容和下文的“__10__there is no one to see me off”可知，应该选D项，因为自己所爱的人没有来给自己送行，所以作者是独自一人在机场等待离开。‎ ‎6．A.schedule B．attitude C．position D．target 解析：选A　由下文的“I think of my husband at work”可知，自己所爱的人没有来送行，是因为与自己的日程安排不同。schedule“工作计划，日程安排”；attitude“态度”；position“位置，职位”；target“目标，靶子”。根据语境可知应选A项。‎ ‎7．A.imagine B．enjoy C．recall D．consider 解析：选C　空后面应该是作者回忆的内容，因此选C项，作者回想起见到女儿的一幕。‎ ‎8．A.stolen B．cheated C．lost D. punished 解析：选C　选项中只有C项能够反映出一位母亲怕失去孩子的心情。作者紧紧地抱着女儿，好像怕女儿丢了。‎ ‎9．A.punctually B．finally C．abruptly D．repeatedly 解析：选B　根据“Today my flight is two hours late”可知，应该选B项，作者的航班晚点，漫长的等待后终于听到机场呼叫乘客登机。punctually“准时地”；finally“最终”；abruptly“突然地”；repeatedly“反复地，再三地”。‎ ‎10．A.Although B．While C．Till D．Since 解析：选D　此处交代的是原因，因此选择D项，since意为“既然，因为”。‎ ‎11．A.slow down B．get off C．look back D．run away 解析：选C　根据空后的内容可知，应该选C项，look back回头看。因为没有人来送行，所以作者没有回头看自己来的方向。‎ ‎12．A.However B．Besides C．Instead D．Therefore 解析：选C　根据上文“I do not __11__ to see where I have come from”可知，应该选C项，作者没有回头去看自己来的方向，而是想到了在上班的丈夫。由语境可知，此处应用instead“反而，却”。‎ ‎13．A.doubting B．asking C．predicting D．wondering 解析：选D　根据宾语从句的内容可知，应该选D项，作者在想正在上班的丈夫是否在想作者已经离开了。‎ ‎14．A.remembering B．forgetting C．planning D．rejecting 解析：选A　空后面很显然是作者回忆的内容，作者此时想起了另外一次到达的情景。‎ ‎15．A.shouting B．crying C．laughing D．whispering 解析：选B　根据空前的“That year, my 91yearold grandfather died. After returning from his funeral”可知，应该选B项，亲人去世，作者当然会伤心地哭。‎ ‎16．A.someone B．everyone C．none D．anyone 解析：选B　丈夫抱着作者，作者流着泪，因此每一个人自然都会不解地看着他们。‎ ‎17．A.care B．respond C．scold D．flee 解析：选A　但是作者在当时的情境中根本不在乎这一切了。‎ ‎18．A.arrival B．chance C．departure D．moment 解析：选D　文章第一段中出现了“the last minutes”，第二段第二句出现了“the final moment”，由此可知应该选D项，A和C概括不全。‎ ‎19．A.journey B．diet C．picnic D．holiday 解析：选A　结合上文“I find myself __14__ another arrival”等细节可知，应该选A项，这些分别和重聚自然都和journey有关。‎ ‎20．A.worrying about B．smiling at C．talking of D．waiting for 解析：选D　这是作者的希望，她希望所有去旅行的人都能够在回来时看到有人在等待他们。‎