2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习：必修1Unit1Lifestyles

2020届北师大版高考英语一轮复习：必修1Unit1Lifestyles

‎ (一)课前自主学习 Ⅰ.阅读单词——————知其意 ‎1．questionnaire n．　　　　　　　 问卷；调查表 ‎2．lifestyle n. 生活方式 ‎3．couch n. 长沙发，睡椅 ‎4．document n. 公文，文件 ‎5．studio n. 演播室；工作室 ‎6．social adj. 社交的；社会的 ‎7．minus adj. 零下，负 ‎8．dial vt. 拨(电话号码)‎ ‎9．presentation n. 表演；展示 ‎10．accountant n．[纵联1] 会计，会计师 ‎ ‎11．forecast n. 预报；预测 Ⅱ.重点单词——————写其形 ‎1．matter vi.　　[纵联2] 要紧，有重大关系 ‎2．partner n. 合作者，搭档 ‎3．peaceful adj. 平静的；和平的 ‎4．suppose vt. 认为，猜想 ‎5．complain vi. 抱怨；投诉 ‎6．switch vt. 转换，转变 ‎7．portable adj. 轻便的，手提(式)的 ‎8．remote adj. 遥远的 ‎9．alarm n. 警报，警告器 ‎10．urgent adj. 急迫的，紧急的 ‎11．midnight n. 午夜，半夜 ‎12．bored adj. 厌烦的，不感兴趣的 ‎ ‎13．pressure n. 压力 ‎14．reduce vt. 减少；降低 ‎15．stand vt.　　　[纵联3] 忍耐，忍受 ‎16．graduate vi. 毕业 ‎17．support vt.&n.[纵联4] 支持；支撑 ‎18．design n．&vt. 设计 ‎19．solve vt. 解决；解答 ‎20．crowded adj. 拥挤的 ‎21．otherwise adv. 否则；另外 ‎22．classical adj. 古典的 ‎23．diet n. 饮食；节食 Ⅲ.拓展单词——————通其变 ‎1．relaxing adj.轻松的，放松的→relax vt.&vi.放松→relaxed adj.松懈的；放松的 ‎2．stress n．压力→stressful adj.充满压力的，紧张的→pressure n．压力(同义词)‎ ‎3．suffer vi.遭受(痛苦)，感到疼痛→suffering n．痛苦，苦难→sufferer n．受苦者，受难者；患者 ‎4．organise vt.组织→organisation n．组织→organiser n．组织者 ‎5．formal adj.正式的，合礼仪的→informal adj.非正式的 ‎6．prefer vt.更喜欢；宁愿→preference n．喜好；偏爱 ‎7．volunteer n．志愿者 vt.&vi.自愿去做→voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的 ‎8．challenge n．挑战 vt.向……挑战→challenging adj.有挑战性的 纵联1.广交后缀“ant”朋友 ‎①accountant n．会计 ②assistant n．助手 ‎③informant n．消息提供者 ④inhabitant n．居民 ‎⑤participant n．参与者 ⑥servant n．仆人 纵联2.好“事”多磨 ‎①incident事件 ②matter事件，问题 ‎③business生意，事情 ④affair事务，私事 ‎⑤issue问题，事情 ⑥event事件，大事 ‎⑦sports event体育赛事 纵联3.学会“容忍(忍受)”‎ ‎①bear ②tolerate ‎③stand ④put up with 纵联4.“支持，拥护”家族 ‎①advocate vt.提倡；拥护 ②back vt.支持 ‎③support vt.支持，帮助 ④stand by/for 支持 ‎⑤in favour of支持，赞同 单元话题——生活方式 子话题1　饮食 ‎①dessert n．甜点　　　　　 ②cuisine n．饭菜 ‎③leftover n．剩饭菜 ④sauce n．酱油；调味汁 ‎⑤junk food垃圾食品 ⑥cafeteria n．自助餐厅 ‎⑦recipe n．食谱 ⑧dish n．盘；一盘食物 子话题2　疾病 ‎①AIDS n．艾滋病 ②depression n．抑郁症 ‎③allergic adj.过敏的 ④infective disease传染病 ‎⑤symptom n．症状 ⑥prescription n．处方 ‎⑦ward n．病房 ⑧unhealthy adj.不健康的 子话题3　保健 ‎①enjoyable adj.快乐的 ②physical adj.身体的 ‎③mental adj.精神的 ④free medical service公费医疗 ‎⑤take one's blood pressure 量血压 ‎⑥suffer from obesity 饱受肥胖之苦 ‎⑦live a lowcarbon life 过低碳生活 ‎⑧enjoy a harmonious life 享受和谐的生活 ‎⑨keep healthy both physically and mentally保持身心健康 ‎⑩feel relaxed and energetic 感到放松和精力充沛 ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词汇应用 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅱ阅读七选五)Your quality of sleep improves. Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax❶ and have a 　❷　 (peace) sleep when you are very excited.‎ You will stick to your diet❸. If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely 　❹　 (stick) to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.‎ ‎①写出加黑词在本单元的同根形容词：relaxing，另一个同根形容词是relaxed，常见v.ing形式的形容词常用来修饰物，v.ed形式的形容词常用来修饰人 ‎②用所给词的适当形式填空：peaceful ‎③写出加黑词在此处的汉语意思：饮食 ‎④处应填：to_stick，空处所在主句应翻译为你将在一整天更可能坚持健康的食物选择 ‎2．(2018·江苏高考阅读D)Miss Longfield warned that a generation of children risked growing up “worried about their appearance and image as a result of the unrealistic lifestyles❶ they follow on platforms, and increasingly anxious about switching off due 　❷ 　 the constant demands of social media”．‎ She said：“Children are using social media❸ with family and friends and to play games when they are in primary school.But what starts as fun usage of apps turns into tremendous pressure❹ in real social media interaction at secondary school.”‎ ‎①写出加彩词在此处的汉语意思：生活方式 ‎②处应填介词：to，构成短语due_to，意为因为，由于，其同义短语有because_of,_thanks_to,_on_account_of等 ‎③写出加彩词块的汉语意思：社交媒体 ‎④写出加彩词在本单元的同义词：stress，加黑词所在句中what用来引导主语从句，且在从句中充当主语 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词汇应用 ‎(根据汉语及提示词翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)至于我，我更喜欢跳绳，因为它具有挑战性，增强了我身体的柔韧性。(prefer)‎ As_for_me,_I_prefer_rope_skipping_because_it's_challenging,_enhancing_the_flexibility_of_my_body.‎ ‎2．(2018·浙江高考书面表达)做一名志愿者对我来说是一个学习解决问题和丰富我的生活经验的好机会。(volunteer, solve)‎ Being_a_volunteer_is_a_good_opportunity_for_me_to_learn_to_solve_some_problems_and_enrich_my_life_experience.‎ ‎3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)打乒乓球可以使我们放松，我们的校队组织了许多比赛来支持它。(organise, support)‎ Playing_table_tennis_can_make_us_relaxed_and_our_school_team_organised_many_‎ matches_to_support_it.‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎1．matter vi.要紧，重要；有重大关系n.物质；问题；毛病 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)It doesn't matter.　　 没关系。‎ It matters/doesn't matter (to sb.)＋主语从句 ‎ (对某人来说)……有关系，重要/没关系，不重要 ‎(2)a matter of ... 一个……的问题 as a matter of fact 事实上；实际上 to make matters worse＝what's worse ‎ 更糟糕的是 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Does it matter a great deal to her whether they come or not?‎ ‎②Is the global warming a matter of life and death to mankind?‎ 完成句子 ‎③I got up late today. To_make_matters_worse,_I got stuck in a traffic jam.‎ 今天我起床晚了。更糟糕的是，我还遇到了交通堵塞。‎ ‎④As_a_matter_of_fact, nothing is too difficult if you put your heart into it.‎ 事实上，世上无难事，只怕有心人。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2018·江苏高考书面表达)事实上，排名也有一定的缺陷。‎ As_a_matter_of_fact,_the_ratings_also_have_their_defects_to_some_extent.‎ ‎2．suppose v．理解；认为，猜想；假想；设想 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)suppose/supposing (that)　 假定/假如……‎ ‎(2)be supposed to do ... 应该做某事 be supposed to have done ...‎ ‎＝should have done ...‎ ‎＝ought to have done ... 本应该做某事(实际未做)‎ be supposed to be ... 被认为是……‎ ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Suppose/Supposing (suppose) you've made some progress, you should not be proud.‎ ‎②Wearing something new is supposed to_represent (represent) success and hope in the bride's new life and in her marriage.‎ ‎③You are late again.You are supposed to have_arrived (arrive) here five minutes earlier.‎ 一句多译 你本应该昨天就把作业交上的。‎ ‎④You were_supposed_to_have_handed_in your homework yesterday. (be supposed to)‎ ‎⑤You should_have_handed_in your homework yesterday. (should)‎ ‎⑥You ought_to_have_handed_in your homework yesterday. (ought to)‎ ‎[用准]　suppose/supposing (that)及assuming (that), providing/provided (that), given (that)可以作连词，引导条件状语从句，意为“如果，假如”，表示一种假设条件。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑦(2018·天津高考书面表达)你多次参加过类似的活动。因此，我认为应该胜任这个职位。‎ You_have_participated_in_similar_activities_several_times._Consequently,_I_think_you_are_supposed_to_be_qualified_for_the_position.‎ ‎3．complain vi.抱怨；投诉 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)complain that ...　　　　　　　　 抱怨……‎ complain (to sb.) about/of sth. (向某人)抱怨某事 complain against/about sth. 抱怨/投诉某事 ‎(2)complaint n. 抱怨，投诉 make a complaint against/about 投诉……‎ ‎[练通]　单句语法填空/完成句子 ‎①The American couple complained about/of the high cost of visiting Europe.‎ ‎②The police received several complaints_(complain) about the noise from our party.‎ ‎③I'd like to make_a_complaint_about the noise upstairs.‎ 我要就楼上的噪音问题提出投诉。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎④(2015·江苏高考书面表达)我们应该严格自愿地遵守交通规则，在红灯时停车，而不是抱怨交通堵塞。‎ We_should_strictly_and_voluntarily_follow_traffic_rules,_stopping_at_the_red_light_rather_than_complaining_about_traffic_jams.‎ ‎4．prefer vt.更喜欢；宁愿 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)prefer doing/to do sth.　　 更喜欢做某事 prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢某物胜过某物 prefer sb.to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事 ‎(2)prefer doing ... to doing ...‎ ‎＝prefer to do ... rather than do ...‎ ‎＝would do ... rather than do ...‎ ‎＝would rather do ... than do ...‎ ‎ 宁愿做……而不愿做……‎ ‎(3)preference n. 喜爱，偏爱 have a preference for ... 偏爱……‎ ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①I prefer exercising/to_exercise (exercise) at home, and it seems that I am always going on a diet.‎ ‎②Many people prefer living in the country to living in the city.‎ ‎③A teacher should not have a preference (prefer) for any one of his pupils.‎ 一句多译 她宁愿步行去上班也不愿开车。‎ ‎④She_prefers_to_walk_to_work_rather_than_drive_a_car.(prefer to do ...rather than do ...)‎ ‎⑤She_would_rather_walk_to_work_than_drive_a_car.(would rather do ... than do ...)‎ ‎⑥She_would_walk_to_work_rather_than_drive_a_car.(would do ... rather than do ...)‎ ‎[用准]　(1)prefer＝like better, 因此不能和比较级连用。‎ ‎(2)prefer的过去式和过去分词是preferred, preferred。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑦(2017·北京高考书面表达)就我个人而言，我更喜欢“长江之旅”，长江是中国最长的河，也是中华文明的母亲河之一。‎ Personally,_I_prefer_the_tour_along_the_Yangtze_River,_the_longest_river_in_China_and_one_of_the_mother_rivers_of_Chinese_civilization.‎ ‎5．stand vt.忍耐，忍受；承受 n．看台；货摊；立场 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中stand的含义 ‎①The shop was crowded with display stands and boxes.货摊 ‎②The young girl won't stand the stress much longer.承受 ‎③In the stands, his friends and family came to watch his last game.看台 ‎④When he couldn't stand it any longer, he rose abruptly to his feet.忍受 ‎[记牢]‎ won't/couldn't stand/tolerate/bear sb. doing something ‎　　　　　　　　　 绝不容忍某人做某事 stand by 支持；旁观 stand aside 站到一边 stand on one's feet 站起来；自食其力 stand up 站起来 stand for 代表 stand out 突出；坚持 ‎[练通]‎ 介、副词填空 ‎⑤In China, the Chinese knots stand for friendship, love and good luck.‎ ‎⑥Stand aside and let the ambulance pass first!‎ ‎⑦Good Heavens! How could you stand by and allow such a thing to happen!‎ ‎⑧After several rounds of competition, the little girl stood out because of her excellent spoken English and quick response.‎ ‎⑨The old man could hardly stand on his feet in the strong storm. ‎ 完成句子 ‎⑩She won't_tolerate/bear/stand_her_son_making the same mistakes in the physics test next time.‎ 她不会容忍她儿子下次在物理考试中犯同样的错误。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑪(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表过)中国的父母是不容许他们的孩子在就餐时用筷子敲碗的。‎ Chinese_parents_won't_stand_their_children_knocking_bowls_with_chopsticks_when_having_dinner.‎ ‎6．support vt.& n．支持；支撑 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)support sb.in sth.　　　　　　　 在某方面支持某人 support a (one's) family/oneself 养家糊口/自力更生 ‎(2)come to one's support 来支持某人 with one's support 在某人的支持下 in support of 支持；拥护 ‎(3)supporter n. 支持者；拥护者 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①We support the police wholeheartedly in their work against crime.‎ ‎②With the support of the Chinese government, many patients in poor areas can afford to go to hospital.‎ ‎③Enthusiastic supporters (support) of public higher education know the importance of sustaining private higher education.‎ 句型转换 ‎④Some experts have spoken to support the ban of drunk driving.‎ ‎→Some experts have spoken in support of the ban of drunk driving.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑤The boy had to leave school to support_his_family after his father died.‎ 父亲去世后，男孩不得不辍学养家糊口。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑥(2018·北京高考书面表达)无论你选择哪所大学，我都会支持你的决定。‎ Whichever_university_you_choose,_I'll_support_your_decision.‎ ‎7．design vt.& n．设计；安排；图案；意图；计划 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)design sb. to do sth.　　　 打算让某人从事某事 be designed for/to do sth. 旨在；打算被用来做某事 ‎(2)by design 故意地；蓄意地 ‎[练通]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①A lot of people often forget that oral exams are designed to_test (test) our communicative ability.‎ ‎②The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.‎ ‎③On second thoughts, I have designed her to_take (take) the job.‎ 完成句子 ‎④She arrived just as we were leaving, but I'm not sure whether this was by_accident_or_by_design.‎ 她刚好在我们正要离开时到达，但我不能肯定这是出于偶然还是有意安排。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑤(2018·天津高考书面表达)比赛的目的是帮助你提高你的创造性潜力。‎ The_competition_is_designed_to_help_you_improve_your_creative_potential.‎ ‎[联想]　表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结：‎ ‎(1)故意地：①by design　②on purpose　③deliberately ‎(2)偶然地：①by chance ②by accident ③accidentally ‎8．suffer vi.感到疼痛，遭受(痛苦)vt.遭受，蒙受，经历 ‎[记牢]‎ ‎(1)suffer from　　　　　　 遭受……之苦；患……病 suffer loss/pain/hardship/defeat ...‎ ‎ 遭受损失/痛苦/困苦/失败等 ‎(2)suffering n. 痛苦，遭受 ‎[练通]　完成句子 ‎①Reading fiction helps those who do not suffer_from_loneliness to understand lonely people.‎ 阅读小说可以帮助那些不受孤独之苦的人理解孤独的人。‎ ‎②If that were true, both companies would suffer_great_loss. ‎ 如果那是真的，双方公司都将蒙受巨大的损失。‎ ‎③Many of his novels have described the_sufferings_of_his_race. ‎ 他在很多小说中描述了他的种族所遭受的种种苦难。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎④(2017·江苏高考书面表达)如图所示，由于某种原因，2016年中国电影的票房收入有所下降。‎ As_is_indicated_in_the_graph,_the_boxoffice_income_of_Chinese_films_suffered_from_a_decline_in_2016_for_some_reason.‎ ‎[词汇过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．We must achieve modernization of science and technology, otherwise (否则) we will lay behind other nations.‎ ‎2．There was a big storm after midnight (半夜) and the rain poured down.‎ ‎3．She had to change her lifestyle (生活方式) and eating habits.‎ ‎4．Moving to a new house is a very stressful (充满压力的) experience.‎ ‎5．Jack has been to a remote (偏远的) village to do some voluntary work for two months.‎ ‎6．The volunteers (志愿者) made a suggestion to people present at the meeting that we should take some measures to protect wildlife.‎ ‎7．The documents have been typed into a portable (手提的) computer.‎ ‎8．My husband loves an exciting life while I enjoy a more peaceful (平静的) one.‎ ‎9．Getting a visa isn't as simple as you might suppose (认为). ‎ ‎10．She needs a high income to support (供养) such a large family.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．Some people have to lead stressful (stress) lifestyles out of necessity.‎ ‎2．Reese is actively involved in children's and women's advocacy organisations (organise)．‎ ‎3．Having_suffered (suffer) defeat after defeat, he began to lose faith in himself.‎ ‎4．In support of his sister, he sold his only house to pay the school fee.‎ ‎5．The programme is designed to_help (help) people who have been out of work for a long time.‎ ‎6．It doesn't matter to me whether to go by ship or by train.‎ ‎7．All his workmates suppose him to_be (be) an expert in this field.‎ ‎8．My dad prefers me not to_swim (swim) in that river because it's too dangerous.‎ ‎9．I can't stand people complaining (complain) around me when I'm working.‎ ‎10．Mary enjoyed herself, competing and chatting with her father, and felt relaxed (relax) in the open air.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．I can't stand work with Jane in the same office. She just refuses to stop talking while she works. work→working ‎2．Traveling can broaden our view and make us feel relaxing after a long period of studying or working. relaxing→relaxed ‎3．It is true that we may suffer from failure from time to time. 去掉第一个from ‎4．John complained the bookseller that there were several pages missing in the dictionary. complained后加to ‎5．I can't say which wine is best — it's the matter of personal taste. the→a ‎6．Supposed we can't solve the problem, what shall we do next？‎ Supposed→Suppose/Supposing ‎7．Many children prefer to playing games on the computer rather than play outside. playing→play ‎8．All the people in the world hope to live a peacefully life. peacefully→peaceful ‎9．I don't know whether they did it by accident or on design. on→by Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．The meeting is very important, so you are_supposed_to_arrive_there_on_time.‎ 会议很重要，所以你应该准时到达那里。‎ ‎2．It_doesn't_matter whether the present is expensive or not. What_really_matters is whether it comes from your inner heart.‎ 礼物贵不贵不重要，真正重要的是它是否来自你的内心。‎ ‎3．He made some experiments in_support_of_his_own_views.‎ 他做了一些实验来支持自己的观点。‎ ‎4．You are likely to suffer_from_bad_health if you keep smoking.‎ 如果你继续吸烟，你的身体健康可能会受到损害。‎ ‎5．She is the sort of person who stands_out_in_a_crowd.‎ 她是那种在人群中很显眼的人。‎ ‎ (一)课前自主学习 ‎1．switch_on/off/over　　　　　 把开关打开/关闭/转换频道，‎ ‎ 转变 ‎2．take_up 占据；开始从事；拿起 ‎3．be_filled_with 充满着 ‎4．suffer_from 忍受，遭受 ‎5．get_changed 　　[串记1] 换衣服，更衣 ‎6．take_turns_to_do_sth. 轮流做某事 ‎7．play_a_role/part_in 在……中起作用 ‎8．at_the_moment 此刻，目前 ‎9．over_the_years 数年间 ‎10．make_sure 弄清，查明 ‎11．as_a_result 　　[串记2] 结果 ‎12．come_up_with 追上，赶上；想出，找到 ‎13．look_forward_to [串记3] 盼望，期望 ‎14．as_well_as 除……之外还；和 ‎15．make_a_difference 有影响；起作用 ‎16．go_off (铃、爆竹等)响 ‎[同根短语串记]‎ 串记1.“get＋过去分词”常考短语大全 ‎①get dressed穿好衣服 ②get changed换衣服，更衣 ‎③get lost迷路 ④get arrested被捕 ‎⑤get married结婚 ⑥get promoted升职 ‎⑦get engaged订婚 ⑧get broken弄坏 ‎⑨get drunk喝醉 ⑩get divorced离婚 串记2.“结果”短语种种表达 ‎①as a result ②as a result of ‎③in consequence ④as a consequence 串记3.“盼望，期待”短语集汇 ‎①hope for/to do ②long for/to do ‎③look forward to ④be eager for ‎⑤be dying for/to do ⑥desire to do ‎1．do some exercise　　　　　　　　 锻炼 ‎2．make money 挣钱 ‎3．turn on the television 打开电视 ‎4．be ready for the next day's work 为第二天的工作做准备 ‎5．go to the gym 去健身房 ‎6．work for a French company 为一家法国公司工作 ‎7．drive to the countryside for a weekend break ‎ 开车去乡下度周末 ‎1．What kind of lifestyles do_you_think the men in the pictures have?‎ 你认为图中的人有什么样的生活方式？‎ ‎2．I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.‎ 我总是随身带着手提电视，坐在石墙上，而小狗围着我转圈。‎ ‎3．I am always the_first_person_to_get to the office. ‎ 我总是第一个到达办公室的人。‎ ‎4．Usually, it's so_crowded_that I can't find anywhere to sit.‎ 通常地铁很拥挤，以至于我找不到坐的地方。‎ ‎5．We don't have the_same work hours that office workers in the city have.‎ 我们和城市里在办公室工作的人的上班时间不同。‎ ‎[学考对接·活学活用]‎ 高考采撷(一)　阅读中的词块与句式 ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ阅读七选五)Do you want a room that's full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？(用本单元短语替换加黑部分)‎ that's_filled_with ‎2．(2015·重庆高考阅读C)The late musician Dennis Brain is said to have asked a fellow train passenger to turn off his radio.(用本单元短语替换加黑短语) switch_off ‎3．(2012·浙江高考阅读A)As global temperatures rise, they would naturally migrate (迁移) to higher ground — but they already occupy the mountaintops.They can't go any higher.(用本单元短语替换加黑词汇) take_up 高考采撷(二)　写作中的词块与句式 ‎(根据汉语及提示翻译句子)‎ ‎1．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我们的排球队如此优秀，以至于在全国中学排球比赛中两次获得冠军。(so ... that ...)‎ Our_volleyball_team_was_so_excellent_that_it_won_the_championship_twice_in_national_middle_school_volleyball_matches.‎ ‎2．(2017·北京高考书面表达)“长江之行”和“泰山之旅”这两条线路，你认为哪条是我最好的选择？ (do you think)‎ Of_the_two_routes_to_the_Yangtze_River_and_Mount_Tai,_which_do_you_think_is_the_best_choice_for_me?‎ ‎(二)课堂重点释疑 ‎[短语集释]‎ ‎1．go off (铃、爆竹等)响；爆炸；离开；(食物等)变质；(电灯)熄灭，(电)中断，停止运行；(质量)下降；发生，进行 ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中go off的含义 ‎①As the water came in the windows, all the lights went off. (灯)熄灭 ‎②Don't go off without saying goodbye. 离开 ‎③Meat goes off quickly in hot weather. (食物等)变质 ‎④The guard loosened the dogs when the burglar alarm went off. (铃)响 ‎⑤The bomb was set to go off in three hours. 爆炸 ‎⑥The meeting went off well without any emergency. 发生，进行 ‎[记牢]‎ go against　　　　　 违背；违反 go by 逝去；过去 go over 复习；仔细检查 go after 追逐；追求 go through 经历；检查；完成；(法案等)通过 go out 出去；(灯)熄灭 ‎[练通]　用go的相关短语填空 ‎⑦If you go_against nature, it will punish you.‎ ‎⑧They were always ready to go_through fire and water for their motherland.‎ ‎⑨I was reading magazines in the room when all of a sudden the light went_out/off.‎ ‎⑩Being a winner doesn't mean you'll always get everything you want, but it does mean you'll go_after your goals in ways that are reliable.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑪(2014·四川高考书面表达)我们的老师为我们选了很多重要的习题，同时我复习了所有的语言点。‎ Our_teacher_chose_many_important_exercises_for_us,_and_I_went_over_the_language_points_at_the_same_time.‎ ‎2．take up 拿起；接受；开始从事；继续；占用(时间)；占据(空间)‎ ‎[辨清]　写出下列句中take up的含义 ‎①Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？ 接受 ‎②He took up the telephone and called his mother. 拿起 ‎③We tried to find a table for seven, but they were all taken up. 占据 ‎④Let me sum up last lesson; after that we take up a new lesson. 继续 ‎⑤After he retired from office, my father took up painting for a while, but soon lost interest.‎ 开始从事 ‎[记牢]‎ take away　　　　　 拿走；夺走 take down 写下，记下；拆卸 take in 吸收；理解；欺骗；收容 take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功 take on 接纳；雇佣；呈现；承担 take over 夺取；接替；接管 ‎[练通]　介、副词填空 ‎⑥You have to learn to take down the key points even though you don't take them in.‎ ‎⑦When Mr. Green retired, his son took over the business from him.‎ ‎⑧Some people believe that smartphones not only take up our valuable time, but also do great harm to our health.‎ ‎⑨Don't be taken in by products promising to make you lose weight quickly.‎ ‎⑩He witnessed to having seen the man take away the case. ‎ ‎⑪In the past few years, the village has taken on a new look.‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑫(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)众所周知，学习占据了我们大部分的时间，所以我们有必要做运动。‎ As_is_known_to_all,_study_takes_up_most_of_our_time,_so_it's_necessary_for_us_to_do_sports.‎ ‎3．come up with 提出；想出；赶上 ‎[记牢]‎ come up　　　　　　　　 被提出；走近；上来；发芽 come about 发生 come on 来吧；赶快；进行 come out 出版；出来；出现；结果是 come to 苏醒；总计；达到 come across (偶然)遇见；发现；被理解 when it comes to ... 当谈到……时 ‎[练通]　介、副词填空 ‎①In order to prevent this case coming about again, we should improve our awareness of saving and recycling water.‎ ‎②The plan of protecting the environment came up at the meeting last year.‎ ‎③When it comes to students' surfing the Internet, some people think students can benefit from it.‎ ‎④When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I hadn't seen for years.‎ ‎⑤Several new books will have come out by the end of next month.‎ ‎⑥I never expected those few items to come to so much.‎ ‎⑦Come on,_everybody! It's your show time.‎ ‎⑧Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally came up with a solution to it.‎ ‎[用准]　come up的主语是物，表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”，而come up with的主语是人或团体组织，表示“(某人)提出”。‎ ‎[写美]‎ ‎⑨(2016·北京高考书面表达)我们班想出了一个主意来更好地利用二手材料。‎ Our_class_came_up_with_an_idea_to_make_better_use_of_used_materials.‎ ‎[句式集释]‎ ‎1．so ...that ...“如此……以至于……”‎ ‎[教材原句]　Usually, it's so crowded that I can't find anywhere to sit.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)As a consequence, children become so_reliant_on_their_parents_that they have no independent thoughts or creative ideas.‎ 结果，孩子们变得如此依赖他们的父母以至于他们没有独立的想法或创意。‎ ‎(2)Dalian is such_an_attractive_place_that lots of tourists visit the city every year.‎ 大连是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客来观光旅游。‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构：‎ so＋ ‎(2)such ... that ...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构：‎ such＋ 注意事项 ‎(1)当名词前面有many，much, few, little等表示数量多少的限定词时，应该用so，而不能用such。例如：‎ There are so many flowers that I don't know which I will pick.‎ ‎(2)当“so＋形容词/副词”及“such ...”放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。例如：‎ So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.‎ Such a nice man did he seem that we all believe him.‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2018·北京高考满分作文)So fast is Beijing developing that you can never imagine what it will be like next year.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)(2018·江苏高考满分作文)Everyone is faced with such wonderful commodities every day that they find they are difficult to choose from.(要点句)‎ ‎(3)(2017·北京高考满分作文)The video was so perfect that it was well received. The students and teachers shared a great time.(要点句)‎ ‎2．the same ... that “和……一样”‎ ‎[教材原句]　We don't have the_same work hours that office workers in the city have.‎ ‎[悟拓展例句]‎ ‎(1)This is the same iPhone 8 that I bought the other day.‎ 这是我前几天买的那部苹果8手机。(同一个)‎ ‎(2)She has the same golden hair and blue eyes as her mother has.‎ 她和她母亲一样有着金黄色的头发和蓝色的眼睛。(同一类)‎ ‎[析用法规则]‎ 用法归纳 ‎(1)the same (...) that ...意为“和……一样”，定语从句中that所指代的人或物与先行词是同一个。‎ ‎(2)the same (...) as ...意为“和……一样，和……相似”，定语从句中as所指代的人或物与先行词是同一类。‎ 注意事项 在“the same ...that”句型中，先行词之前有the same作定语时，引导定语从句的关系词只能用that或as。‎ ‎[背写作佳句]‎ ‎(1)(2018·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)As for sports, I have the same hobbies as you. We all enjoy rope skipping.(要点句)‎ ‎(2)(2018·天津高考满分作文)You're welcome to enter the competition in the same team that I am in.(要点句)‎ ‎[词块、句式过关综合训练]　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 suffer from， be filled with， go off， take up， as a result， switch off， at the moment， make sure， come up with， look forward to ‎1．Our neighbor's car alarm is always going_off in the middle of the night.‎ ‎2．I must get rid of this large table, because it takes_up too much room.‎ ‎3．There is more and more noise pollution. As_a_result,_many species are dying out.‎ ‎4．Tell the boy to switch_off all lights as he leaves the room.‎ ‎5．I can't go to the new sports shop with you because I'm as busy as a bee at_the_moment.‎ ‎6．We look_forward_to working with you to establish longterm business partnership.‎ ‎7．Many people suffer_from serious sleep deprivation caused by long work hours.‎ ‎8．As we grow older we come to realize that life is_filled_with challenges.‎ ‎9．Make_sure to take in the view from the tea shop on the top floor; it's well worth the visit.‎ ‎10．She couldn't come_up_with a solution to the problem, so she turned to me for help.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．Some people enjoy playing different sports while_others_just_enjoy_watching_them.‎ 一些人喜欢从事不同的运动，然而另一些人只喜欢观看他们。‎ ‎2．This is the_same_bike_that I lost the other day.‎ 这是我前几天丢的那辆自行车。‎ ‎3．In 1931, Addams became the_first_American_woman_to_win the Nobel Peace Prize.‎ ‎1931年，亚当斯成为美国第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的女性。‎ ‎4．Who_do_you_think will design the cinema to be built in the city center?‎ 你认为谁将设计在市中心修建的电影院？‎ ‎5．Keeping a learning diary every day is so_important_that I would like to introduce it to you.‎ 每天坚持写学习日记是如此重要，以至于我想把这种学习方法介绍给你们。‎ Ⅲ.分步写作 据最新一项调查发现，“低头族”正以星火燎原之势蔓延。假定你是李华，请根据以下要点提示，用英语给某英文报的编辑部写一封读者来信，以引起社会各界对这种现象的广泛关注。‎ ‎1．描述这一现象；‎ ‎2．分析其原因及弊端；‎ ‎3．你认为该如何改变现状。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：低头族phubbing Dear editor，‎ I'm writing to you about a common phenomenon to draw it to the public attention.　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Best wishes to you!‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Hua 第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点 本写作属于议论文，时态以一般现在时为主，人称为第一人称。要点可从下面三部分着手：一是描述这一现象；二是分析其原因及弊端；三是提出改变现状的具体措施。要点表达要力求准确，避免空洞。‎ 要点1：人们总是痴迷于手机。‎ People_are_always_addicted_to_their_phones.‎ 要点2：原因是现在的智能手机几乎可以用来做任何事情。过多的接触手机会损害他们的健康和安全。‎ The_reason_is_that_smart_phones_nowadays_can_be_used_to_do_nearly_everything.Too_much_exposure_to_phones_damages_their_health_and_safety._‎ 要点3：人们最好多关心他们的家人和朋友，而不是手机。‎ People_had_better_care_more_about_their_family_and_friends_rather_than_phones.‎ 第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼 为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行升级改造，使之更加完美、地道。例如要点1，可用具体化的方式拓展，想一想，人们痴迷于手机的各种场景“当人们吃饭，等公共汽车， 甚至在街上散步时，沉溺于手机，低着头，完全无视他人”，还可用as引导的非限制定语从句，独立主格以及现在分词作状语等高级句式把上述场景写美；要点2，把握关键信息词the reason for the phubbings，结合生活实际点明其弊端“‎ 不能与周围的人很好地沟通”“疏远朋友和亲戚”，可用so ... that，表语从句，which引导的非限制性定语从句及“keep＋宾语＋宾补”等高级句式使表达更完美；要点3，提出改变现状的建议，可用but连接的并列句及take up使表达更高级。‎ 拓展1：就像通常的情况一样，当人们吃饭、等公共汽车，甚至在街上散步时，他们总是沉溺于自己的手机，低着头，完全无视他人。(as引导的非限制定语从句，独立主格，现在分词作状语)‎ As_is_often_the_case,_when_people_are_having_meals,_waiting_for_buses_or_even_walking_along_streets,_they_are_always_addicted_to_their_phones,_heads_hanging_down_and_completely_ignoring_others.‎ 拓展2－①：处处都有“低头族”的原因是：现在智能手机可以被人们用来做任何事情，比如玩手机游戏、网上购物以及通过QQ或微信与朋友保持联系。(so ...that, 表语从句)‎ The_reason_for_the_phubbings_everywhere_is_that_smart_phones_nowadays_are_used_so_widely_that_people_can_do_nearly_everything_by_them,_such_as_playing_mobile_games,_shopping_online_as_well_as_keeping_in_touch_with_friends_through_QQ_or_WeChat.‎ 拓展2－②：过多接触手机会损害他们的健康和安全。埋头手机的人不能与周围的人很好地沟通，从长远来看，这会让他们疏远朋友和亲戚。(which引导的非限制性定语从句， keep＋宾语＋宾语补足语)‎ Too_much_exposure_to_phones_damages_their_health_and_safety.People_buried_in_phones_fail_to_communicate_well_with_those_around_them,_which_keeps_them_away_from_their_friends_and_relatives_in_the_long_term.‎ 拓展3：手机在他们的生活中起着重要作用，但是手机不应该占用太多时间。他们最好更关心他们的家人和朋友，而不是手机。(but并列句， take up)‎ Smart_phones_play_an_important_role_in_their_life_but_they_shouldn't_take_up_too_much_time.They'd_better_care_more_about_their_family_and_friends_rather_than_phones.‎ 第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡 本篇整体采用“总－分－总”结构。根据语篇表达中的并列、因果、递进、转折等关系，可添加连接词however， moreover， personally， meanwhile等使文章前后衔接、过渡自然。‎ Dear_editor，‎ I'm_writing_to_you_about_a_common_phenomenon_to_draw_it_to_the_public_attention.‎ As_is_often_the_case,_when_people_are_having_meals,_waiting_for_buses_or_even_walking_along_streets,_they_are_always_addicted_to_their_phones,_heads_hanging_down_and_completely_ignoring_others.‎ The_reason_for_the_phubbings_everywhere_is_that_smart_phones_nowadays_are_used_so_widely_that_people_can_do_nearly_everything_by_them,_such_as_playing_mobile_games,_shopping_online_as_well_as_keeping_in_touch_with_friends_through_QQ_or_WeChat.However,_too_much_exposure_to_phones_damages_their_health_and_safety.Moreover,_people_buried_in_phones_fail_to_communicate_well_with_those_around_them,_which_keeps_them_away_from_their_friends_and_relatives_in_the_long_term.‎ Personally,_smart_phones_play_an_important_role_in_their_life_but_they_shouldn't_take_up_too_much_time.Meanwhile_they'd_better_care_more_about_their_family_and_friends_rather_than_phones.‎ Best_wishes_to_you!‎ Yours_truly，‎ Li_Hua 理清文体结构之(一)　应用文之广告海报——抓标题明意图，定区间细比对 ‎“广告海报”主题类应用文是阅读理解常考主题之一，在近5年全国卷应用文中占比高达30%。此类文章生僻词汇多、信息广，阅读枯燥，考生兴趣不高，虽难度不大，但常造成考生非智力因素失分。阅读此类文章，没必要字斟句酌，关键是通过文章一系列的标题明确文章的写作意图所在。掌握文章宣传介绍了什么、有何特点和价值，然后快速浏览题目，依据题干中的关键词定位信息区间，对相关内容进行比对，答案便可确定。‎ ‎[高考典例]　2018·全国卷Ⅲ·A篇 ‎[抓标题⇨明意图·定区间]‎ ‎[读文解题技法]‎ 主标题 副标题① ◄‎ 小标题① ◄‎ Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens Visitor Information How_to_Get_to_Holker By Car: Follow brown signs on A590 from J36, M6. Approximate travel times：Windermere — 20 minutes, Kendal — 25 minutes, Lancaster — 45 minutes, Manchester — 1 hour 30 minutes.‎ By Rail：The nearest station is CarkinCartmel with trains to Carnforth, Lancaster and Preston for connections to 一看“主标题”断文章体裁 由主标题Welcome to Holker Hall & Gardens可推断该文章为一则旅游促销广告。‎ 二找“副标题”知篇章构成 由文中2个副标题可知，本文由两部分构成——与游客相关的信息和特别活动内容。‎ 三研“小标题”析具体细节 小标题② ◄‎ 小标题③ ◄‎ 副标题② ◄‎ 小标题④ ◄‎ 小标题⑤ ◄‎ 小标题⑥ ◄‎ 小标题⑦ ◄‎ ‎ major cities & airports.‎ Opening_Times Sunday－Friday (closed on Saturday) 11：00 am－4：00pm, 30th March－2nd November.‎ Admission_Charges ‎　　　　　Hall & Gardens　　　　Gardens Adults：　　　￡12.00 ￡8.00‎ Groups：　　　￡9.00 ￡5.50‎ Special Events Producers'_Market　13th April Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. Meet the producers and get some excellent recipe ideas.‎ Holker_Garden_Festival　30th May The event celebrates its 22nd anniversary with a great show of the very best of gardening, making it one of the most popular events in gardening.‎ National_Garden_Day　28th August Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. For just a small donation you can take a tour with our garden guide.‎ Winter__Market　8th November This is an event for all the family. Wander among a variety of shops selling gifts while enjoying a live music show and nice street entertainment.‎ 游客相关信息中含有3个小标题，分别介绍了到达方式、展览开放时间及相关收费情况。‎ 特别活动中含有4个小标题，分别介绍了在四个不同时间的活动。‎ 四略细枝末节，省读文时间 由以上3类标题可知文章的基本信息，为下面查找题干关键词奠定了基础；至于文章中细枝末节可略读或不读，以节省考场宝贵时间。‎ 五寻题干关键词，比对得出答案 由以上步骤可轻易判断题干中的关键词及其在文中的出处；两者比照、核对可轻易得出答案。‎ ‎ [定区间·细比对]‎ ‎21.How long does it probably take a tourist to to Holker from ？‎ A.20 minutes.　　　　　　　‎ B．25 minutes.‎ C.45 minutes. ‎ D．90 minutes.‎ ‎21.由题干中的“a tourist to drive to”可首先定位到小标题①，再根据解题关键词“drive”及“Manchester”可定位到“By Car”所在段落，比对该段中的内容与选项即可得出答案。‎ ‎22.How much should a member of a tour pay to visit ？‎ A.￡12.00.　　　　　　　　‎ B．￡9.00.‎ C.￡8.00. ‎ D．￡5.50.‎ ‎22.题干中的“pay”表明这是询问收费情况，可定位区间到小标题③，再由题干中的“group”及“Hall & Gardens”可锁定其下的数字，比对可得出答案。‎ ‎23.Which event will you go to if you want to see ？‎ A.Producers' Market.　　 　 ‎ B．Holker Garden Festival.‎ C.National Garden Day. ‎ D．Winter Market.‎ ‎23.由题干中的“event”可首先定位到副标题②，由解题关键词“a live music show”定位到文章最后一段，再比对所在小标题，即可得出答案。‎ ‎[答案]　21.D　22.B　23.D