【英语】2018届人教版选修8一轮复习：Unit4　Pygmalion单元学案（16页）

【英语】2018届人教版选修8一轮复习：Unit4　Pygmalion单元学案（16页）

Unit 4　Pygmalion单元学案 一、单词—— 写 得 准 用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1.betray vt.　　　　　　显露出(本来面目)；背叛 ‎2.overlook vt. 俯视；忽视；不理会 ‎3.acquaintance n. 相识；了解；熟人 ‎4.status n. 身份；地位；职位 ‎5.remark n．谈论；言论；评述 v．谈论；评论；说起→remarkable adj.非凡的；值得注意的 ‎6.disgusting adj.使人反感的；令人厌恶的→disgust vt.使反感→disgusted adj.反感的 ‎7.horrible adj.可怕的；恐怖的→horror n．恐怖 ‎8.hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇→hesitation n．犹豫；踌躇 ‎9.mistaken adj.(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的→mistake n．&v.错误；误会 ‎10.fortune n．机会；运气；大笔的钱→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地 ‎11.rob vt.抢劫；盗窃；剥夺→robbery n．抢劫(行为)→robber n．强盗；盗贼 ‎12.adaptation n．适应(性)；改编本→adapt ‎ ‎1.We seldom contact each other; she is more of an acquaintance (acquaint) than a friend.‎ ‎2.It is remarkable (remark) that women didn't have the vote until that time.‎ ‎3.Yesterday an old woman mistook me for her daughter. That means I was mistaken for her daughter. In fact she often makes the same mistake. (mistake) ‎ ‎4.Don't_hesitate_to ask for help and solve the problem without hesitation. (hesitate)‎ ‎5.I was disgusted to see the disgusting picture on the page of Sunday's feature article. (disgust)‎ ‎6.He is good at adapting plays and the adaptation of the play for radio was easily done by him. (adapt)‎ ‎7.Jane was robbed of her diamond ring the other day and the robber was caught by the police very soon. (rob)‎ ‎8.Her house is modern and comfortably furnished, but she always feels slightly uncomfortable the moment she comes in. (comfortable)‎ ‎9.The books in the library are classified by subject and its classification is very convenient v．改编；(使)适应 ‎13.classify vt.把……分(归)类→classification n．分类；归类 ‎14.superior adj.较高的；上级的；优秀的 n．上级；长官→inferior adj.较差的；次的；级别低的n.级别或地位低的人 ‎15.uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不安的；不自在的→uncomfortably adv.不舒服地；不自在地→comfortably adv.舒服地；舒适地→comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的 ‎16.properly adv.适当地；恰当地→proper adj.适当的 ‎ to the students and teachers. (classify)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.condemn相关词荟萃 ‎①condemn vt.　　　　谴责 ‎②accuse/charge vt. 起诉 ‎③scold vt. 责骂 ‎④criticize vt. 批评 ‎⑤punish vt. 惩罚 ‎2.“comfort” 家族 ‎①comfort n．　　　　舒适 ‎②comfortable adj. 舒适的 ‎③comfortably adv. 舒适地 ‎④uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 ‎⑤uncomfortably adv. 不舒服地 ‎3.“be＋adj.＋to”结构小结 ‎①be superior to 比……优越/年长 ‎②be senior to ... 比……年长/资历深 ‎③be junior to ... 比……年轻/资历浅 ‎4.fortune相关词一览 ‎(1)①fortune n．　　　　运气 ‎②fortunate adj. 幸运的 ‎③fortunately adv. 幸运地 ‎④be inferior to ... 次于……；不如……‎ ‎⑤be similar to 与……相似 ‎⑥be familiar to 为……所熟悉 ‎④unfortunate adj. 不幸的 ‎⑤unfortunately adv. 不幸地 ‎(2)①luck n. 运气 ‎②lucky adj. 幸运的 ‎③luckily adv. 幸运地 ‎④unlucky adj. 不幸的 ‎⑤unluckily adv. 不幸地 二、短语—— 写 得 准 用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.fade_out　　　　　　　　　　逐渐模糊；渐淡 ‎2.deal_with 处理；应付 ‎3.once_more 再一次 ‎4.in_disguise 伪装(的)；假扮(的)‎ ‎5.generally_speaking 一般来说 ‎6.in_amazement_ 震惊；惊讶 ‎7.in_terms_of 就……来说 ‎8._in_need_of 需要……‎ ‎9.pass_...off_as 改变或冒充成……‎ ‎10.rob_sb._of_sth. 抢劫某人某物 ‎11.show_...in/out 带或领……进来/出去 ‎12.make_one's_acquaintance ‎1.My memory of the happy days we spent together will never fade_out as time goes by. ‎ ‎2.Passing her off_as his girlfriend, the gentleman took her to the party with him.‎ ‎3.It was at a Christmas party last year that I made_the_acquaintance_of my American friend Jack.‎ ‎4.In_terms_of quality and quantity, the clothes factory in our town is doing much better than last year.‎ ‎5.When he didn't know how to get out of the building, a boy showed him out.‎ ‎＝make_the_acquaintance_of 结识 ‎⇩ ‎1.“in＋n.”构成的短语集锦 ‎①in disguise　　伪装(假扮)‎ ‎③in nature 本质上 ‎⑤in stock 现有；备有 ‎②in amazement　震惊；惊讶 ‎④in force 有效；实施中 ‎⑥in shape 处于良好状态 ‎2.“adv.＋speaking”短语聚焦 ‎①generally speaking　　　　一般来说 ‎②honestly speaking 诚实地说来 ‎③frankly speaking 坦率地说 三、句式—— 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.What if I was？‎ 如果我是，又怎么样呢？‎ What if ...? 意为“如果……将会怎么样？”。‎ 在接下来的半小时里，如果这个问题必须解决会怎样？‎ What_if_this_problem_has_to_be_solved in the next half hour？‎ ‎2.But, sir，(proudly) once educated to speak properly,‎ once educated是省略结构，完整形式为once the girl is ‎ that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassador's garden party.‎ 不过，先生，(高傲地)一旦有人教她把英语说好了，这个女孩就可以在三个月以内冒充公爵夫人出席大使主办的花园晚会了。‎ ‎ educated。‎ 当被问到他为何如此伤心时，这个学生说他失去了这次出国的机会When_asked_why_he_was_so_sad,_the student said he had been robbed of the opportunity of going abroad.。‎ ‎3.Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep in conversation.‎ 亨利·希金斯与皮克林上校正坐着进行深入的交谈。‎ 形容词短语deep in sth.意为“专心于……”，在句中作状语。‎ 全神贯注地读书，他没注意到老师走进教室。‎ Deep_in_the_book,_he didn't notice the teacher came into the classroom.‎ 语境认识词汇 What if you can't find a suitable job when you graduate from university？Nowadays many young people are seeking their fortune in big cities. When seeking for a job，a university graduate is at a disadvantage in terms of working experience. In this case，don't hesitate to ask for others' help when in trouble.‎ ‎1．fortune n．财产；大笔的钱；机会；运气 ‎(1)seek/try one's fortune　　 运气 make a fortune 财 have the good fortune to do sth.‎ ‎ 幸做某事 ‎(2)fortunate adj. 运的；侥幸的(＝lucky)‎ be fortunate to do sth. 运做某事 ‎(3)fortunately adv. 运地(＝luckily)‎ ‎①These two brothers decided to go to America to seek/try_their_fortune.‎ 这兄弟俩决定去美国碰碰运气。‎ ‎②The deal, to be completed next week, will allow Charney to make_a_great_fortune in the stock market.‎ 下个星期将要完成的交易，将允许Charney在股票市场挣一大笔钱。‎ ‎③Fortunately (fortune), a young man who was just passing by came up to the injured.‎ 幸运的是，一个刚好路过的年轻人前来帮助伤者。‎ ‎[名师指津]　fortune作名词且意为“机会；运气”时，是不可数名词；作“大笔的钱”时，是可数名词。‎ ‎2．hesitate vi.犹豫；踌躇 ‎(1)hesitate to do sth.　　　　　　 豫做某事 hesitate about/in/at/over ……犹豫不决 ‎(2)hesitation n. 躇；犹豫 without hesitation 不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth. 不犹豫地做某事 ‎①The Mullers didn't hesitate to_give (give) their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime.(2012·山东高考)‎ 穆勒夫妇毫不犹豫地把电话号码给那些街上的(需要帮助的)人，并告诉他们可以随时打电话。‎ ‎②Seeing the girl struggling in the lake, he threw himself in the icy water without hesitation (hesitate), and saved her from drowning.‎ 看到那个女孩在湖里挣扎，他毫不犹豫地跳进冰冷的水里救下眼看要溺水的女孩。‎ ‎③I hesitated about letting (let) you see me like this, but there are things I wanted to say to you directly.‎ 我对该不该让你看我这副样子犹豫不决，但有些事我想当面对你说。‎ ‎3．in terms of ...就……来说；从……角度 in the long/short term　　　 长远/短期而言 be on good/bad terms 系良好/不好 come to terms with 成协议；和好；接受；适应 ‎①In_terms_of study and health, we should develop a healthy lifestyle.‎ 就学习和健康来说，我们应该养成健康的生活方式。‎ ‎②The agreement should have very positive results in_the_long_run/term.‎ 从长远来看，这个协议将会产生非常积极的影响。‎ ‎③In the matter of house rent, the landlord finally came to terms with his tenants.‎ 在房租的问题上，房东终于和他的房客们达成了妥协。‎ ‎[名师指津]　在term的常用短语中除“in the long/short term”外，其他短语中的term都是复数形式。‎ ‎4．What if ...？如果……将会怎样？‎ What_if I was?‎ 如果我是，又怎么样呢？‎ What for？　　　　　　　 什么？‎ So what? 又怎么样？‎ What's up? 么啦？发生什么事了？‎ How come? 么会这样呢？ ‎ ‎①What_if the car breaks down?‎ 如果汽车抛锚了怎么办？‎ ‎②—Susan is absent from today's writing class. ‎ ‎—How_come? As far as I know, she has never missed a class.‎ ‎——苏珊今天没来上写作课。‎ ‎——怎么会呢？据我所知，她没缺过一节课。‎ ‎③—That's not what life is about! You only have an eye for money. ‎ ‎—So_what?_I've not changed towards you.‎ ‎——那不是生活的本意！你真是掉进钱眼里了。‎ ‎——那又怎样？我对你是真心的。‎ 语境认识词汇When we were remarking on the Pygmalion effect in the dormitory this noon， someone told me a stranger was asking to see me. I didn't know who he was， but he was still shown in. To my surprise， he was an acquaintance of my father. He came to tell me my mother would see me this Sunday. How happy I was！‎ ‎5．remark n．谈论；言论；评述 vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起 ‎(1)make a remark/remarks on/upon 对……发表评论/看法 remark on/upon 谈论/评论……‎ ‎(2)remarkable adj. 非凡的；显著的 ‎①The girl always makes a remark on/upon what others wear.‎ 这个女孩总是对别人的衣着评头论足。‎ ‎②He showed remarkable (remark) competence when he faced the difficult problems.‎ 他在面对困难的问题时表现出非凡的能力。‎ ‎6．acquaintance n．相识；了解；熟人 ‎(1)make one's acquaintance ‎＝make the acquaintance of sb.　 结识某人 have acquaintance with sb. 与某人认识/有交情 have acquaintance with sth. 对某事了解 ‎(2)acquaint vt. 使熟悉；使认识 be acquainted with 熟悉 ‎①I have no personal acquaintance with him, and I only know of him from television.‎ 我和他没有私人交情，我只是从电视上知道他的。‎ ‎②Was it in the city you visited last year that you made the acquaintance of Professor Jones?‎ 你就是在去年参观的这个城市里认识的琼斯教授的吗？‎ ‎③Larry is the only one of my friends who is_acquainted (acquaintance) with the old poem.‎ 拉里是我的唯一一个熟悉这首旧诗的朋友。‎ ‎7．show ...in带或领……进来 show ...out　　　　　　 带或领……出去 show off 炫耀；展示 show up 出现；来到某处 show sb. around/round 领某人参观 ‎①Mr Green is on his way here. Please show him_in as soon as he arrives.‎ 格林先生正在往这里赶的路上。他一到，请马上领他进来。‎ ‎②Mike has only driven to the pub to show off his new car — he usually walks.‎ 迈克开车来酒吧只是为了向大家炫耀他的新车，他通常是步行的。‎ ‎③You are coming to Hangzhou this weekend, I'll be very glad to show you around/round our beautiful city then.‎ 这个周末你就要来杭州了，到时候我非常乐意带你参观我们的这座美丽城市。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．He has some acquaintance with German, but he doesn't speak it fluently.‎ ‎2．The book described the adaptation (adapt) of desert species to the hot conditions.‎ ‎3．He awoke to find himself lying uncomfortably (comfort) on this hard, cold floor.‎ ‎4．Helen was chosen for the job because she was far superior_to any other candidate.‎ ‎5．The writer's writing style was what people remarked_on/upon most at the meeting.‎ ‎6．He was robbed last night, but fortunately (fortune) he didn't have much money on him then.‎ ‎7．Most of the students are willing to_condemn_(condemn) his deed in the class as lack of manners.‎ ‎8．If you think you can drink so much without damaging your health, then you're mistaken (mistake)．‎ ‎9．We had no hesitation (hesitate) in helping the sufferers when the terrible earthquake hit the country.‎ ‎10．Sometimes the couples should make compromises_(compromise) with each other in order to live harmoniously.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．In term of education, I first thank all my teachers who have devoted themselves to their profession.term→terms ‎2．A policeman told me that the shop had robbed last night.robbed前加been ‎3．I made an apology that I had taken your umbrella by mistaken.mistaken→mistake ‎4．Out of everybody's expectation, she didn't hesitate accept the job.hesitate后加to ‎5．My calculation was wrong because I overlook on one tiny point.去掉on ‎6．Now there are many young men in our society dreaming of making fortune without hard work.making后加a Ⅲ.选词填空 pass ...off as， fade out， in terms of， in need of， once more， rob ...of ...， generally speaking， show ...in ...‎ ‎1．If you are in_need_of anything, come here for help.‎ ‎2．She passed_herself off_as an experienced worker.‎ ‎3．They threatened to shoot him and robbed him of all his possessions.‎ ‎4．Please wait here and show the guests in when they don't know how to find the art show hall.‎ ‎5．As the program ended, the music slowly_faded_out and someone began to speak.‎ ‎6．Generally_speaking,_prices follow demand; if there is no demand, prices are low.‎ ‎7．The job is great in_terms_of salary, but it has its disadvantages.‎ ‎8．The two sides did not agree on the subject for the first time, so today they will sit down once_more to have a discussion.‎ Ⅳ.根据提示词或结构补全句子 ‎1．他在风雪里待了七天，又冷又饿。(形容词作状语)‎ He spent 7 days in the wind and snow, cold_and_hungry.‎ ‎2．要是这个星期六的晚上有场精彩的足球赛会怎么样呢？ (what if ...)‎ What_if_there_will_be_a_wonderful_football_match on this Saturday night?‎ ‎3．一旦被抓住在宿舍内吸烟，学生就会被惩罚。(过去分词短语作状语)‎ Once_caught_smoking in the dormitory, the students will be punished.‎ ‎4．当我们和朋友发生冲突的时候，换位思考是十分重要的。(be of＋n.)‎ Putting ourselves in their shoes is_of_great_importance/significance when we have conflicts with friends.‎ ‎5．积极参加课外活动在我校很受欢迎，它不仅能使我们的学校生活丰富多彩，而且还能提高我们的学习。(定语从句； not only ...but also ...)‎ Taking part in afterclass activities, which_not_only_makes_our_school_life_colorful but also improves our learning, is very popular in our school.‎ ‎6．我敢肯定就资历、能力和经验而言，你绝对适合我们心目中的职位。(in terms of)‎ I am sure that in_terms_of_qualifications,_ability_and_experience,_you are absolutely fit for the position we have in mind.‎ ‎[课下练熟高考]‎ 阅读理解·组块专练——练速度 ‎(限时：35分钟)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A I learnt about the Pygmalion effect when I was 7 years old at Riverdale School in Palmerston North and I copied Melissa Crawford's answers in a spelling test. Before that I was average at school but after that, because Melissa Crawford was smart, and I got all the right answers, I got put in all the smart kids groups.‎ From then I did really well at school because it was believed by the teachers that I would and I also got grouped with the smart kids. This experience that occurred at my primary school shows just how important the Pygmalion effect is in terms of being around mentors (导师) that expect that you' re going to do well and also being around people who are smart.‎ The Pygmalion effect is one principle you want to use if you want to make money fast. Have mentors that expect you will make money fast and as an extra boost hang around, copy and learn from other people who are also making money fast.‎ Yesterday this site had over 5,000 unique visitors and the traffic to it is increasing all the time. A year ago I contacted a group of people who got lots of traffic on their sites and I learnt from them. Truthfully I don't know if they expected me to start getting decent traffic to websites but I imagined they did so they might as well have.‎ So there you have it the Pygmalion effect.‎ P．S. My grammar and spelling are not that great nowadays but that's actually completely irrelevant (不相关的) when it comes to getting lots of visitors to your site.‎ ‎1．When did the author learn about the Pygmalion effect? ‎ A．Before he took the spelling test.‎ B．After he cheated in the spelling test.‎ C．When he did badly in exams.‎ D．After he finished primary school.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段的“I copied Melissa Crawford's answers in a spelling test.”判断，是在他考试作弊以后。‎ ‎2．The author got grouped with the smart kids because ________.‎ A．he was an average pupil at school B．he did better than expected C．Melissa Crawford was smart D．he did better than all the others at school 解析：选B　细节理解题。作者原先学习平平，由于考试作弊，成绩出色，所以老师把他列为聪明的学生之中。‎ ‎3．What does the underlined word “contacted” mean in the passage? ‎ A．Lost touch with.‎ B．Made friends with.‎ C．Got in touch with.‎ D．Was concerned about.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的“learnt from them”判断，该词的意思是“取得联系”。‎ ‎4．From the passage we can infer that ________.‎ A．the author was busymeeting visitors every day B．there was lots of traffic in his city ‎ C．the author opened a website himself D．the author's grammar was poor at school 解析：选C　推理判断题。从最后一段的“when it comes to getting lots of visitors to your site”看，作者有自己的网站。‎ B Pygmalion is a drama in which Shaw has made sentiments one of the principle themes of discussion. The Greek sculptor Pygmalion carved a statue and fell in love with it. Aphrodite (the goddess of love) turned the statue into a living woman named Galatea, who then became Pygmalion's wife. ‎ The Shavian Pygmalion is Henry Higgins, a professor of phonetics, who picks up a flower girl, Eliza Doolittle, teaches her to speak as educated people do, and then successfully passes_her_off_as a duchess. But she is a human being and cannot be treated as a machine. In the course of all his experiments and exhibitions, the professor only thinks of his own skill success and failure, but never stops to consider how the girl feels. When the experiment is over, he has a profound sense of relief that he has achieved triumph and has won his bet. Even now，the sentiment of the girl is of no account. The girl naturally protests against this dehumanized relationship between her and her teacher. She hurls the professor's slippers at him when he wants them and then leaves his place. But evidently, she has begun to feel for the professor and wants also to be felt for. ‎ Now the question is what is the nature of Eliza's feelings for the professor with whom she has lived in close association for so long? In the last act, the girl says she would not marry him even if he had proposed (求婚) to her. The professor, curiously ineffectual (无效的) to sexual emotions, does not love any girl because he finds them to be rivals (对手) to his own mother. He wonders, if Eliza does not want to marry him, then what does she want from him? Old Mrs. Higgins, who knows much about a woman says that it would have been better if he had thanked her and petted her and told her how wonderful she had been. Then perhaps she would not have fought with him. Every girl loves to be loved. Eliza herself says that she loves Freddy and he also loves her. Professor Higgins, however, remains as ever, an old bachelor. ‎ 语篇解读：萧伯纳的著名戏剧《买花女》具有经久不衰的艺术魅力，描述的是语言学教授希金斯如何把一名买花姑娘训练成英语发音被上流社会接受并认可的故事，从而抨击了当时英国腐朽保守的等级意识。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined phrase “passes her off as” in Paragraph 2 mean? ‎ A．Let her pretend to be.　　 B．Dress her up as.‎ C．Make her become. D．Turn into. ‎ 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据前文的“teaches her to speak as educated people do”以及下文的“In the course of all his experiments and exhibitions”可知该短语的意思是“把某人冒充或假装为”。‎ ‎6．What kind of person do you think Higgins is according to the second paragraph? ‎ A．He is a kind man. B．He is a considerate man.‎ C．He is a selfish man. D．He is a rude man. ‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可知Higgins只考虑自己的成败得失，从不考虑Eliza的感受，显然他是一个自私的人。‎ ‎7．Why does not Eliza marry Higgins? Because ________.‎ A．she does not love him B．his mother does not like any girl to be her rival C．he likes to be a bachelor D．he doesn't love any girl for fear of them being his mother's rivals 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句可知Eliza不会嫁给Higgins，因为Higgins担心未来的妻子会成为他母亲的对手，所以他不敢爱上任何一个女孩。‎ ‎8．Which of the following statement is TRUE?‎ A．Shaw was in fact a Greek sculptor.‎ B．Higgins was experimenting with Eliza.‎ C．Eliza wanted to become an educated lady very much.‎ D．Higgins fell in love with Eliza at first sight.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段可知Higgins只是把Eliza当成一个试验品。故B正确。‎ C The Price of a Dream I grew up poor. We had little money, but plenty of love and attention. I understood that no matter how poor a person was, they could still afford a dream. My dream was athletics.‎ By the time I was sixteen, I was good at baseball and football. My highschool coach was Ollie Jarvis. He not only believed in me, but taught me the difference between having a dream and showing conviction (信念)．‎ One summer a friend recommended me for a summer job. This meant a chance for money in my pocket — cash for dates with girls, certainly, money for a new bike and new clothes, and the start of savings for a house for my mother.‎ Then I realized I would have to give up summer baseball to handle the work schedule, and that meant I would have to tell Coach Jarvis I wouldn't be playing. I was dreading (害怕) this, but my mother said: “If_you_make_your_bed,_you_have_to_lie_in_it.”‎ When I told Coach Jarvis, he was as mad as I expected him to be. “Your playing days are limited. You can't afford to waste them，” he said.‎ I stood before him with my head hanging, trying to think of the words that would explain to him why I dreamed of buying my mom a house.‎ ‎“How much are you going to make at this job, son？” he demanded.‎ ‎“Three twentyfive an hour，” I replied.‎ ‎“Well，” he asked, “is $3.25 an hour the price of a dream？”‎ That question laid bare for me the difference between wanting something right now and having a goal. I devoted myself to sports that summer, and within the year I was drafted by the Pittsburgh Pirates to play rookieleague ball, and offered a $20,000 contract. I signed with the Denver Broncos in 1984 for $1.7 million, and bought my mother the house of my dream.‎ ‎9．The writer was grateful to Coach Jarvis, because Jarvis ________.‎ A．made him set a goal B．supplied him with new clothes C．gave him financial support D．helped him show conviction 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段提到“He not only believed in me ...a dream and showing conviction (信念)”。他不仅仅相信我，还教会我梦想与信念之间的区别，故选D项。‎ ‎10．When the boy was offered a job, he wanted to ________.‎ A．balance summer baseball and the work schedule B．refuse the job offer for summer baseball C．give up summer baseball for the job D．ask his coach Jarvis for advice 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知：一个夏天，一个朋友介绍一份工作给我，这就意味着我的零用钱会多，可以用来约会，买新自行车和新衣服，开始存钱给妈妈买房子，故选C项。‎ ‎11．Which of the following can replace “If you make your bed, you have to lie in it.”？‎ A．You must eat the bitter fruit of your own making.‎ B．Believe in yourself, but above all be patient.‎ C．You must rely on yourself first, then others.‎ D．A good beginning makes a good ending.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段可知我意识到我要放弃假期棒球来工作，这也就意味着我要告诉教练，我不能再打棒球了，我很害怕，所以妈妈说自己造成的结果自己来承受，故选A项。‎ ‎12．The end of the story was that the writer ________.‎ A．failed to buy his mother a house B．succeeded as a sportsman C．became a successful businessman D．made some money in the summer job 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段提到“I signed with the Denver ...the house of my dream.”‎ 在1984年与丹佛野马队以一百七十万美元签约，也给妈妈买了梦想中的房子，故选B项。‎ D Instagram is containing so many photos of food — now a popup diner in London is taking advantage of this new trend by letting people settle the bill for their meals simply by uploading photos of their dishes to social networks.‎ I always thought people's taking pictures of their food was kind of silly, but at this new popup restaurant in the UK, I'd probably do it too. The Picture House is the world's first paybyphoto restaurant — you order, click a photo of the food, share on Instagram and eat for free!‎ The restaurant belongs to frozen food giant (巨人) Birds Eye, who came up with the idea to cash in on people's addiction to photographing food and sharing the pictures online. They conducted a survey and found that more than half of the British population regularly took pictures of their meals. So they realized it was a better way to advertise their new dining range.‎ The popup diner was open in Soho, London for three days in May, and is now moving to other major UK cities. They serve twocourse meals that customers don't have to pay for, if they photo and Instagram it.‎ The restaurant is a part of Birds Eye's “Food for Life” campaign, a new marketing project that aims at changing the way people look at frozen food.“Taking photos of food enables people to show off and to share their mealtime moments — from the everyday to the special，”said marketing director Margaret Jobling.‎ The reaction to The Picture House has been great so far. And the paybypicture concept has proven to be an effective way. Alternative payment methods are actually gaining popularity among a lot of businesses. Last year, in a cafe in Germany customers paid by how much time they spend there, not by what they eat.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了英国一家餐厅运用了时下最流行的照片分享网站Instagram来招揽客户，只要上传他们餐厅的相片到Instagram上，就可以免单。这家餐厅所属的公司通过对人们日常生活的观察，结合自身产业推出的这种营销策略深受大家喜爱，实践证明这项策略非常成功。‎ ‎13．Instagram probably is ________.‎ A．a restaurant free of charge B．a program used to share photos C．a new marketing project D．a campaign of “Food for Life”‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段的描述可知，Instagram是一个分享图片的社交网站，故选B。‎ ‎14．“The Picture House” encourages sharing photos of its food to ________.‎ A．create a new social media trend B．raise the price of frozen food C．attract more customers D．reward the regular customers 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“So they realized it was a better way to advertise their new dining range.”可以看出，他们鼓励分享照片的目的是认为这是一种更好的广告方式，也就是这样做可以吸引更多的顾客。故选C。‎ ‎15．Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage?‎ A．No Need to Pay　　　　　 B．The Popup Diner C．Food for Life D．Pay by Picture 解析：选D　标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了英国一家餐厅将餐厅经营与时下流行的照片分享网站相结合的事例，人们只要上传照片就可以获得免单。故选D。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 A strong memory depends on the health and vitality (活力) of your brain. They say that you can't teach an old dog new tricks, but when it comes to the brain, scientists have discovered that this old saying simply isn't true. __1__‎ Give your brain a workout. Memory, like muscular strength, requires you to “use it or lose it”. The more you work out your brain, the better you'll be able to process and remember information. __2__‎ Don't skip the physical exercise. While mental exercise is important for brain health, that ‎ doesn't mean you never need to break a sweat. Physical exercise helps your brain stay sharp. It increases oxygen to your brain and reduces the risk for disorders that lead to memory loss.‎ Get enough sleep. There is a big difference between the amount of sleep you can get by on and the amount you need to function at your best. __3__‎ Keep stress in check. Stress is one of the brain's worst enemies. Over time, stress destroys brain cells. Studies have also linked stress to memory loss.‎ Have a laugh. __4__ That holds true for the brain and the memory, as well as the body. Unlike emotional responses, which are limited to specific areas of the brain, laughter engages multiple regions across the whole brain.‎ ‎__5__ Just as the body needs fuel, so does the brain. You probably already know that a diet based on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, “healthy” fats and lean protein will provide lots of health benefits, but such a diet can also improve memory. For brain health, though, it's not just what you eat — it's also what you don't eat.‎ A．Eat a brainboosting diet.‎ B．Play games with memory.‎ C．Laughter is the best medicine.‎ D．But oversleeping is not good for your brain.‎ E．Even skipping a few hours makes a difference!‎ F．You have to shake things up from time to time!‎ G．The human brain has an astonishing ability to adapt and change.‎ 语篇解读：本文讨论的是增强大脑记忆力。就像锻炼身体一样，大脑也是可以通过锻炼变得更强大。‎ ‎1．选G　根据上文提到“They say that you can't teach an old ...old saying simply isn't true.”他们说老人很难适应新的事物，但当提到大脑时，科学家们发现这个谚语是不对的，故选G。“人类的大脑有令人吃惊的接受和改变能力”。‎ ‎2．选F　根据上文提到“The more you work out your brain, the better you'll be able to process and remember information.”你用得越多，你就能记得更多的内容，故选F。“你需要时不时来复习”。‎ ‎3．选E　根据上文提到“There is a big difference between the ...need to function at your best.”足够的睡眠是十分重要的，故选E。“甚至是少睡几个小时是有影响的”。‎ ‎4．选C　根据标题“Have a laugh.”可知选C。“笑是最好的良药”。‎ ‎5．选A　根据下文提到“Just as the body needs fuel, so does the brain.”身体需要能量，大脑也需要，故选A。“吃一些补脑食物”。‎