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【英语】2018届人教版必修1Unit5NelsonMandela--amodernhero单元学案(18页)
2018届人教版必修1Unit5单元学案 【一】 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.It does serious harm to children's character that too much violence(violent) is shown on television. 2.The product is of very good quality,so it sells well. 3.She is a kind friend to everyone in trouble. 4.He devoted himself to creating(create) a peaceful world. 5.He has been out of work for a month. 6.He studied hard at law and became a good lawyer(law)after graduation. 7.He is popular with his friends because he is too willing(will) to help them when they are in trouble. 8.Mary is quite equal to Bill in brains. 9.The newspapers made an attack on/upon the Prime Minister because of the new law. 10.Tsinghua University,founded(found) in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. Ⅱ.完成句子 1.他总是乐于帮助有困难的人。 He is always ready to help those in trouble. 2.在中国历史上,曾经有过一段时期中国是世界上最强大的国家。 In Chinese history,there was a time when China was the strongest country in the world. 3.不论什么时候学习遇到困难,请找老师帮忙。 Please turn to the teacher for help whenever you have trouble with your study. 4.随着经济的迅速发展,我们城市见证了最近几年的巨大变化。 With economy developing rapidly,our city has witnessed great changes in recent years. 5.只有用这种方式我们才能为家人和社会做出贡献。 Only in this way can we make a great contribution to our family and our society. Ⅲ.阅读理解 She was born to wealth and power in a time when money and politics were left to the men.Later, as the publisher of The Washington Post (华盛顿邮报),Katharine Graham became one of America's most powerful women. Katharine loved journalism and got a job after college at The Washington Post,the newspaper her father bought in 1933.At the Post, Katharine met Phil Graham, a lawyer who became her husband.Then, in 1945, Katharine's father chose Phil to take over his paper.Katharine didn't object and stayed at home as a wife and mother. While Phil succeeded in his career, he also suffered from severe depression.When Phil committed suicide(自杀),the 46yearold Katharine found herself thrown into a new job,that of newspaper publisher.But determined to save the family paper for her children,Katharine met the challenge of running the Post,working endlessly to prove herself to her critics(批评家),and becoming the very famous woman of Washington. In 1971,Katharine ordered the Post to print a copy of the Pentagon Papers(五角大楼文件),the topsecret papers revealing the truth about the Vietnam War.What's more,her brave decision and support for her journalists prepared the Post to break the most important political story in modern history:Watergate(水门事件).Katharine managed to control the most disordered situations when it was reported,all the time insisting the news stories be true and fair.Watergate made The Washington Post an internationally famous paper and Katharine was considered as the most powerful woman in America. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇人物介绍。讲述了Katharine Graham如何从一名家庭主妇成为一名成功的报纸出版商的故事。 1.Katharine Graham was born in a time when women were not supposed to . A.achieve their goals B.have their own jobs C.get a good education D.enter business and politics 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知,在当时, 女性被认为不应该进入商业和政治领域。 【答案】 D 2.When her husband was chosen to take over the Post Katharine Graham . A.was willing to take her share of duty B.didn't believe he would do a good job C.was strongly against the decision D.was not happy 【解析】 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知,当丈夫被选为《华盛顿邮报》的接班人时,Katharine没有反对,并在家里当起了贤妻良母,即承担了自己的那部分责任。 【答案】 A 3.Which of the following statements about Katharine Graham is TRUE? A.She was successful in her career but suffered from severe depression. B.When she took over the Post,the critics doubted her ability. C.It was her husband who made the greatest contributions to the Post. D.She was powerful in her early life because of her background. 【解析】 推理判断题。由第三段最后一句中的“working endlessly to prove herself to her critics(批评家)”可知,Katharine努力工作向她的批评者们证明自己,故可推知,当时批评家们怀疑她的能力。 【答案】 B 4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A.Ups and downs of The Washington Post B.Katharine Graham:from housewife to successful publisher C.Katharine Graham's family life and career D.Katharine Graham:a successful woman 【解析】 标题归纳题。本文主要讲述了Katharine Graham如何从一名家庭主妇成为一名成功的报纸出版商的故事,故B项为最佳答案。 【答案】 B Ⅳ.完形填空 I spent this morning cleaning up the home in which I live.Now I am not talking about the house I am sitting in right now.As I 1 ,I can see the sink is still full of dirty dishes.Dust is starting to 2 on the pictures, tables, and even my computer again.Dirt 3 to be swept up from the floor and pet hair needs to be cleaned 4 the couch.What is more, the 5 in the turtle's aquarium has to be changed. Yet, as I look at my dirty, little house I 6 have to smile, because I know that the home in which I live is 7 right now.That home is my soul (心灵).When I 8 this morning I noticed that it also had become 9 again.I wasn't willing to let it 10 that way for long, though.I have learned that a dusty soul leads to a terrible day and that terrible days lead to a(n) 11 life. I spent the morning cleaning my soul from top to 12 .I swept the negative thoughts from my mind and the 13 feelings from my heart.Worries, anger, and fear were 14 into the garbage can.When I was done I felt 15 in my home once more. The house in which I sit may need a lot of 16 ,but it will have to wait its turn.The home in which I live is what I am most 17 about.I hope that the same is 18 for you.I hope that you always make efforts to keep your soul 19 ,beautiful, and full of love and care.Remember some day you will leave your house behind, but you will 20 your home with you. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过跟现实中的“家”对比,讲述我们的心灵有时会产生消极负面的念头,我们要学会经常清理自己的心灵。 1.A.look around B.put forward C.move back D.take down 【解析】 根据下文的“I can see the sink is still full of dirty dishes”可知,当作者环顾自己的家时,发现家里很乱。 【答案】 A 2.A.attack B.jump C.gather D.sit 【解析】 墙上的挂画、桌子甚至电脑开始布满灰尘。gather dust有“积灰”之意,符合语境。 【答案】 C 3.A.hopes B.needs C.expects D.wants 【解析】 根据下文的“and pet hair needs to be cleaned 4 the couch”可知,此空填needs。 【答案】 B 4.A.of B.out C.away D.off 【解析】 根据“Dirt 3 to be swept up from the floor and pet hair needs to be cleaned 4 the couch.”这一句话可知,宠物掉落的毛要从沙发上清理掉,clean sth.off sth.表示“将……从……上清除”。 【答案】 D 5.A.plant B.stone C.sand D.water 【解析】 根据“the 5 in the turtle's aquarium has to be changed”这一句话可知,养着水龟的玻璃缸里的水必须换掉。 【答案】 D 6.A.ever B.still C.never D.hardly 【解析】 当看到这么凌乱的房间时,作者还是笑了起来。 【答案】 B 7.A.clean B.dirty C.quiet D.comfortable 【解析】 根据语境可知,作者笑的原因是,此时此刻,作者的心灵却非常干净。 【答案】 A 8.A.turned up B.stood up C.took up D.woke up 【解析】 早晨当作者醒来(wake up)时,作者发现自己的心灵(同自己的小屋一样)也布满了灰尘,即作者头脑里有很多消极的思想。 【答案】 D 9.A.crazy B.lazy C.dusty D.rainy 【解析】 根据上题的解释可知,应选dusty,表示“落满灰尘的”。 【答案】 C 10.A.lie B.stay C.keep D.hold 【解析】 根据下文的“I have learned that a dusty soul leads to a terrible day and that terrible days lead to a(n) 11 life.”这一句话可知,“我”不想让这些消极的思想在心灵中停留(stay)很久。 【答案】 B 11.A.interesting B.frightened C.satisfying D.wasted 【解析】 根据该空所在句的意思“我知道,布满灰尘的心灵会带来糟糕的一天,而糟糕的日子又会导致……的人生”可推知,该空应是一个与terrible同类的词,故wasted“荒废的”符合语境。 【答案】 D 12.A.top B.side C.bottom D.middle 【解析】 作者花了整个早晨的时间将自己的心灵彻底清扫。 【答案】 C 13.A.harmful B.useful C.healthy D.painful 【解析】 根据上文的“I swept the negative thoughts from my mind”中的negative可知,此处应用harmful,表示“有害的”。 【答案】 A 14.A.collected B.thrown C.set D.arranged 【解析】 作者把所有负面的思想统统扔进(throw)垃圾桶。 【答案】 B 15.A.safe B.sad C.calm D.excited 【解析】 当全部清理完之后,作者又平静了下来。 【答案】 C 16.A.work B.time C.pack D.decoration 【解析】 根据第一段的内容可知,作者居住的房子非常凌乱,作者需要做很多的工作(work)才能把它们整理好。 【答案】 A 17.A.bored B.interested C.upset D.concerned 【解析】 根据语境可知,尽管作者的房子很脏,但作者最关心的(concerned)事情是清理自己心灵里存在的消极的东西。 【答案】 D 18.A.suitable B.wrong C.true D.helpful 【解析】 根据语境可知,作者希望每个人都有这样的想法,努力对自己的心灵进行大扫除。 【答案】 C 19.A.dark B.bright C.sharp D.clever 【解析】 根据下文的“beautiful,and full of love and care”这一句话可知,用bright表示“保持心灵敞亮”。 【答案】 B 20.A.bring B.join C.take D.move 【解析】 某一天你将离开你的房子,但是你的心灵之屋却永远与你相伴。take“带走”符合语境。 【答案】 C 【二】 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.He escaped from prison this morning. 2.Donald Trump was elected(elect)president of the USA in 2016. 3.The judge will pass opinion tomorrow after looking(look) at the report. 4.This is the reason why he was late for the meeting. 5.The new president of Italy came to power(powerful) in February,2015. 6.A $100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace. 7.She is a highly educated(education) woman,so she is well received by the students. 8.Many relatives(relate) came and helped him every time he was in trouble. 9.The children begged(beg) to come with us. 10.We decided to set up a fund for the Hope Project. Ⅱ.完成句子 1.由于他的恶劣行为,囚犯被判处死刑。 The prisoner was sentenced to death for his bad behavior. 2.我没有能力完成这么一项艰难的任务。 It's beyond my power to finish such a difficult task. 3.幸运的是,他从失火的建筑物中逃出来了。 Luckily,he was able to escape from the burning building. 4.她昨天确实告诉你这个消息了。 She did tell you the news yesterday. 5.我第一次看到他时,他看起来有点紧张。 The first time I saw him,he looked a bit nervous. Ⅲ.阅读理解 A A typical day at work for Cesar Millan includes taking a fourhour jog with 40 dogs,large and small,young and old,and none of them on leashes(缰绳).Although most of these dogs belong to him,the rest are troubled dogs sent to Millan to learn good behaviour.Obviously,Millan has a special gift for working with these animals. Growing up on a farm in Mexico,Millan knew he would work with dogs.His first job,at age 15,was helping a veterinarian (兽医).He was so good at calming scared dogs and handling all kinds of situations that people started calling him “the dog boy”.Since then,he has built a rewarding career around his favourite animal. Studying dogs on the farm where he grew up,Millan realised they need a lot of exercise to be calm.He explains his approach,“Exercise and discipline (纪律)first,and then affection!”He says a lot of people get it wrong because they do not realise what dogs really need.Millan does not only train dogs,he also trains owners to understand that their pets need rules.He has helped celebrities like Oprah Winfrey and Will Smith and everyday people too. At his Dog Psychology Centre in Los Angeles,California,Millan also works with dogs whose dangerous behaviour has prevented them from finding homes.He teaches them to be loving gentle pets.Viewers can actually see the change in dogs with trouble some behaviour on Millan's TV show The Dog Whisperer. To find the right career,Millan encourages kids to do what they enjoy.“You can always find a job.But I find that happiness comes when you follow your passion.Success followed me because I was following my dream of being the best dog trainer in the world.” 【语篇解读】 通过开办宠物店成功的事例,Millan鼓励年轻人去做感兴趣的事情。 1.Which of the following is NOT true according to the first paragraph? A.Cesar Millan usually walks his dogs every day. B.Cesar Millan owns 40 dogs altogether. C.Cesar Millan is good at handling dogs. D.Some of the dogs do not behave well. 【解析】 细节理解题。从第一段的第二句Althought most of these dogs belong to him...可知。 【答案】 B 2.From the second paragraph we can learn that Millan . A.was born into a poor family B.never went to school C.has loved dogs since his childhood D.has been a successful veterinarian 【解析】 细节理解题。从第二段的第一句“Growing up on a farm in Mexico,Millan knew he would work with dogs.”可知。 【答案】 C 3.Which of the following does not agree with Millan's principles for training dogs? A.Walk the dogs every day. B.Set rules for them. C.Show your love to them. D.Keep troubled dogs separately. 【解析】 细节理解题。从第三段的第二句中的“Exercise and discipline(纪律)first,and then affection!”以及第四句中的“...he also trains owners to understand that their pets need rules.”可知。 【答案】 D 4.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? A.Either Millan's father or his mother was a dog expert. B.Oprah Winfrey and Will Smith are everyday people. C.Millan makes good money from his dog business. D.Millan frequently gets hurt by troublesome dogs. 【解析】 推理判断题。A、D两项文中未提及,根据倒数第三段最后一句可知Oprah Winfrey和Will Smith是名人,排除B。从最后一段最后一句“Success followed me...”可推测Millan从他的事业中赚了很多钱。 【答案】 C B John Steinbeck was a great American writer.He was born in Salinas,California on February 27,1902.His mother,a teacher,fostered (培养)Steinbeck's love of reading and the written word.During the summers he worked on nearby farms,which gave him the impression of the California countryside and its people.He studied at Salinas High School between 1915 and 1919.At the age of 18,he studied biology at Stanford University but he left in 1925 without finishing his degree. Among other things,Steinbeck wrote about the hard lives of workers.During his early years of writing,Steinbeck did many jobs.When Steinbeck was 27,his first novel was published.Over his lifetime he wrote a lot of fiction and nonfiction.Of Mice and Men(1937) became Steinbeck's first success.His novel The Grapes of Wrath,published in 1939, brought him even greater success.A year later he won the Pulitzer Prize for this novel.It is also for this novel that he is best remembered.Many of his books have been adapted (改编) for films and the theatre. Steinbeck was first married in 1930 to Carol Henning.The marriage ended in divorce (离婚) in 1942.In 1943 Steinbeck moved to New York City where he lived for the rest of his life.He married the singer Gwyndolyn Conger in 1943 and had two sons,Thom,born in 1944,and John born in 1946.They were divorced in 1948 and two years later he married his third wife,Elaine Scott. In 1962 Steinbeck was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature(文学).And in 1964 President Lyndon B Johnson presented him with the United States Medal of Freedom. He died of a heart attack in New York on December 20,1968. 【语篇解读】 本文介绍了美国作家Steinbeck传奇的一生。 5.What does the passage mainly talk about? A.Steinbeck's life. B.Steinbeck's dream. C.Steinbeck's novels. D.Steinbeck's success. 【解析】 主旨大意题。本文简要叙述了Steinbeck的一生,包括他的成长、他的作品以及婚姻生活等等。 【答案】 A 6.Steinbeck became successful in . A.1929 B.1937 C.1939 D.1992 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Of Mice and Men(1937) became Steinbeck's first success.”可知答案。 【答案】 B 7.All the following are true EXCEPT that . A.Steinbeck divorced two times during his life B.Steinbeck began to write novels before he was 27 C.Steinbeck was concerned about the lives of workers D.Steinbeck lived in New York when he was little 【解析】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“In 1943 Steinbeck moved to New York City where he lived for the rest of his life.”可知,Steinbeck搬到纽约生活的时候已经四十多岁了。 【答案】 D Ⅳ.阅读填句 I woke up the other day by a phone call from a taxi driver who had my friend's cell phone. 1 The driver had called others but I was the first one who had answered. It was a rainy morning which for cab drivers in this big city is a very busy time. 2 I told him the street where I lived and quickly jumped out of bed and got dressed so I could meet him on the corner.I guessed that if he had taken on a passenger or two he could have made some good money from driving all that distance. When he arrived I thanked him and blessed him for having such a kind and beautiful soul.I was so happy for my friend who had only recently moved to this country. 3 I asked the taxi driver for his name so my friend could thank him in person.He said my blessings and gratitude was all that he needed. 4 I emailed my friend telling him I had his phone and then met up with him to tell him how I had received it.Along with the phone I handed him a smile card on behalf of the taxi driver and myself.My friend smiled even wider after reading the card and said he couldn't believe such kindness existed in this big city.And he said that he would pass it on to others around him and do what he could to make people around in the city feel warm and cheerful. 5 A.Remember it. B.Then he drove off. C.Now he can't wait to pay it forward! D.We went to find the driver as soon as we could. E.He asked me where he could drop the cell phone off. F.My friend had apparently left it in the cab the night before. G.I could only imagine how important his cell phone was to him! 【答案】 1-5 FEGBC 【三】 Ⅰ.完成句子 1.他不能到那里去的原因是他卧病在床。 The reason why he could not go there was that he was ill in bed. 2.这是你所要的书。 This is the book for which you asked. 3.我们向他申请许可证的那位官员非常热情。 The official to whom we applied for a permit was very obliging. 4.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 There are occasions when/on which one must give in. 5.北京是我的出生地。 Beijing is the place where/in which I was born. Ⅱ.阅读理解 Arthur Miller(1915~2005)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century.Miller's father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary,drawn like so many others by the“Great American Dream”.However,he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s. Miller's most famous play,Death of a Salesman,is a powerful attack on the American system,with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth.In Willy Loman,the hero of the play,we see a man who has got into trouble with his worth.Willy is“burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment:if he can't do the work,then he is no good to his employer,the Wagner Company,and he must go.Willy is painfully aware of this,and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success.He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end. When it was first staged in 1949,the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews,and it won the Tony Award for Best Play,the New York Drama Critics Circle Award,and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards. Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury,Connecticut,on the evening of February 10,2005,the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway. 【语篇解读】 本文介绍了伟大的戏剧家Arthur Miller。 1.Why did Arthur Miller's father move to the USA? A.He suffered from severe hunger in his home country. B.He was attracted by the “Great American Dream”. C.He hoped to make his son a dramatist. D.His family business failed. 【解析】 从第一段第二句话可知米勒的父亲已经从奥地利迁往美国,是和许多其他人一样受“伟大的美国梦”的驱使。 【答案】 B 2.The play Death of a Salesman . A.exposes the cruelty of the American business world B.discusses the ways to get promoted in a company C.talks about the business career of Arthur Miller D.focuses on the skills in doing business 【解析】 从第二段第一句话可知米勒写《推销员之死》的目的是对美国制度的攻击,因为美国商业制度的侵犯性和坚持将金钱和社会地位作为价值的显示。A项指出了,暴露了美国商业世界的残酷。下文也提到了in the cruel world of business。 【答案】 A 3.What can we learn about Willy Loman? A.He treats his employer badly. B.He runs the Wagner Company. C.He is a victim of the American system. D.He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues. 【解析】 从上文介绍情节中得知Willy Loman是戏剧中的一个角色,而这个角色最终因为在这个制度中屡遭失败自杀身亡,因此推断他是美国制度的受害者。 【答案】 C 4.After it was first staged,Death of a Salesman . A.achieved huge success B.won the first Tony Award C.was warmly welcomed by salesmen D.was severely attacked by dramatists 【解析】 从第三段得知一上映便赢得许多奖项,因此获得巨大成功。 【答案】 A Ⅲ.语法填空 I have a 12yearold son who is kind and 1. helpful(help).And he is showing great interest 2.in growing plants.I have been helping him plant flowers,vegetables and just plants in general since spring arrived. When 3.planting(plant) a bunch of flowers one Saturday afternoon,I found that there were two flowers 4.left(leave) in my son's basket.My son decided to take them to the little house next door 5.where an elderly woman lived by 6.herself (she) and didn't seem to have much company.I watched him as he went up to her door,rather hesitantly(踌躇地)because he didn't know her,and he 7.quietly(quiet)left the flowers on her doorstep 8.so that she would get them the next time she went outside. The next morning we were pleased to find that she 9.had planted(plant) the flowers in a pot by the door.They looked really beautiful.Although it was 10.a small thing,it was important as my son has learnt to do good for others.He said to me,“It feels really good to do things for other people.” Ⅳ.读后续写 阅读下面短文,根据所给情节进行续写,使之构成一个完整的故事。 A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day.As he walked along Park Avenue near the First National Bank,he heard the sound of someone trying to start a car.He tried again and again but couldn't get the car moving.Arthur turned and looked inside at the face of a young man who looked worried.Arthur stopped and asked,“It looks like you have got a problem,” Arthur said. “I am afraid so.I am in a big hurry and I can't start my car.” “Is there something I can do to help?” Arthur asked.The young man looked at the two suitcases in the back seat and then said,“Thanks.If you are sure it wouldn't be too much trouble,you could help me get these two suitcases into a taxi.” “No trouble at all,I'd be glad to help.” The young man got out and took one of the suitcases from the back seat.After placing it on the ground,he turned to get the other one.Just as Arthur picked up the first suitcase and started walking he heard the long loud noise of an alarm. It was from the bank.There had been a robbery. Park Avenue had been quiet a moment before.Now the air was filled with the sound of the alarm and the shouts of people running from all directions.Cars stopped and the passengers joined the crowd in front of the bank.People asked each other,“What happened?” But everyone had a different answer. Arthur,still carrying the suitcase,turned to look at the bank and walked right into the young woman in front of him. She looked at the suitcase and then at him.Arthur was surprised,“Why is she looking at me like that?” He thought.“The suitcase! She thinks I am the bank thief!” Arthur looked around at the crowd of people.He became frightened,and without another thought,he started to run. 注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2.使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语; 3.续写部分分两段,每段的开头语已为你写好; 4.续写完成后,请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 Paragraph 1 As he was running,Arthur heard the young man shouting behind,“Stop,stop!” Paragraph 2 The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur... 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1 As he was running,Arthur heard the young man shouting behind,“Stop,stop!”And also at the moment,Arthur suddenly realized that the young man might be the bank robber.So Arthur didn't stop,but continued to run until he saw a taxi.He stopped it,jumped in with the suitcase and said to the driver,“Go to the police station,please.The man shouting behind is the bank thief!” The taxi raced away like the wind. Paragraph 2 The taxi stopped in front of the Police Station and Arthur told the police what had happened.Obviously,the police had already learned about the robbery.They opened the suitcase and there was a large sum of money inside,as Arthur had expected.Then the police asked Arthur to describe the young man and the other suitcase.Later,with the information,the police caught the robber.The police and the bank both thanked Arthur a lot.查看更多