【英语】2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选练4含解析

【英语】2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选练4含解析

‎2019高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（4)‎ A Recent months have seen a revival of the humble(普通的)bike across China, with an increasing number of people choosing pedaling(骑车)instead of driving to school, to workplaces or to do sightseeing. The introduction of bike-sharing systems, services in which bicycles are made available for shared use to individuals who do not own them and pioneered by start-ups like Ofo and Mobike, has brought the trend to a new level.‎ Washington D. C. has one of the biggest bike sharing systems in the US with 3, 700 bikes and 440 stations. The UK, France and Germany all have growing programs. However, China, so far, outdoes(超过)them all by operating three out of four of the world’s shard bikes.‎ People can unlock the shard bikes by simply using their smartphone. The bikes are equipped with GPS and users of China’s versions can leave bikes anywhere in public for the next user. They’re popular among many Chinese people as they provide an effective solution to the “last mile” problem, which refers to the final leg of a person’s journey.‎ However, the Chinese programs have also led to problems such as illegal parking, vandalism(故意破坏)and theft. In fact, these problems are also shared by bike-sharing programs abroad. Launched in 2007, Véilb is a large-scale public bike sharing system in Paris. At its early stage of operation, it also suffered from problems of vandalism or theft. By Oct 2009, a large number of Vélib’s initial bikes had to be replaced due to vandalism or theft, according to The New York Times.‎ To deal with these problems, the company came up with the idea of encouraging people to return the bikes to stations by rewarding free time for their next rides. Now, Chinese service operators are also trying to address these problems. For example, Mobike sets a 100-point credit score for each user, with points taken in the case of bad behavior. Once a score drops below 80, bike rental is increased to 100 yuan per 30 minutes, up from 0. 5-1 yuan.‎ ‎1.What can we learn about bike sharing systems?‎ A. They offer free bike rides.‎ B. They are running perfectly.‎ C. China operates the biggest system.‎ D. France was the first to launch the system.‎ ‎2.As a means of transportation, bike-sharing can be best described as _______.‎ A. promising but expensive. B. convenient and eco-friendly.‎ C. eco-friendly but ineffective. D. troublesome and meaningless.‎ ‎3.What can be a suitable title for the text?‎ A. Shared Bikes Pedal into Style.‎ B. Problems with Bikes in China.‎ C. Shared Bikes Attract Young People.‎ D. Transportation Changes with the Times.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文为说明文。讲述的是共享单车成为一种新的趋势，并介绍了它的优缺点。‎ ‎2.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段可知共享单车方便而且环保，故选B。‎ ‎3.A 【解析】主旨大意题。纵观全文可知本文讲的是共享单车成为一种新的趋势，与A项一致，故选A。‎ B ‎(2015·南宁第二次适应性考试) ‎ A teenager has published a study suggesting the federal government could save millions of dollars a year in printing costs by switching to a thinner font(字体) that ‎ uses less ink.‎ Suvir Mirchandani，14，who lives in the Township of O’Hara，said he noticed there were plenty of talks at school about saving paper and he wondered about saving ink.Suvir said on Friday that the idea began when he was in middle school and he noticed that some teachers used heavier fonts for printing.He said he was already interested in graphic (印刷的) design and used a software program to estimate how much ink different fonts used.‎ He expanded the study to look at potential savings by the federal government，and a new essay on his research was published this month in the Journal of Emerging Investigators，a peerreviewed journal designed for creative middle and high school students.He found that the Office of Management and Budget had already estimated that federal agencies would spend about $ 1.8 billion in printing for this year and that ink was more expensive than paper on a perpage basis.‎ In his essay，“A Simple Printing Solution to Aid Deficit Reduction”，Suvir analyzed five documents produced by five U．S.government agencies and estimated how much ink would be used with four fonts: Garamond，Verdana，Times New Roman and Century Gothic.The analysis estimated that using 12point Garamond would save most，about 29 percent in ink costs.‎ Suvir said his school district looked at the idea but hasn’t been able to take the switch.“It didn’t really catch on，”he said，“I understand it’s hard to make the change.”‎ ‎1．In Suvir’s opinion，how can the federal government save printing costs?‎ A．By saving paper.‎ B．By printing on both sides of the paper.‎ C．By using heavier fonts.‎ D．By turning to a thinner font.‎ ‎2．It can be concluded that Suvir’s study is ________．‎ A．interesting　　　　　 B．popular C．worthwhile D．unique ‎3．Which font does Suvir recommend in printing?‎ A．Garamond. B．Times New Roman.‎ C．Verdana. D．Century Gothic.‎ ‎4．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________．‎ A．Suvir feels regretful that the school district shows no interest in his idea B．Suvir is uncertain whether the school district will accept his idea C．Suvir believes that the school district will agree with him D．Suvir is unhappy that the school district refused him ‎【解题导语】　14岁少年Suvir Mirchandani经过研究发表了文章，建议联邦政府用改变字体的方式减少对油墨的使用以达到节约的目的。‎ ‎1．解析：选D。细节理解题。根据文章第一段的“suggesting the federal government could save millions of dollars a year in printing costs by switching to a thinner font(字体) that uses less ink”可知，Suvir认为联邦政府可以通过切换到更细的字体达到节约印刷费用的目的，即D项正确。‎ ‎2．解析：选C。推理判断题。文章第三段提到了他的文章发表了，第四段讲述了他的文章中提到利用12point Garamond将节约大概29%的油墨费用，故C项正确。‎ ‎3．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的最后一句“The analysis estimated that using 12point Garamond would save most，about 29% percent in ink costs.”可知，Garamond最节省油墨，Suvir推荐这种字体进行印刷，即A项正确。‎ ‎4．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Suvir说的话可知，他的学区虽然知道了这一观点，但却没有做出改变，因为他明白要做出改变是很困难的，也就是他并不确信他的学区能否接受这一观点，即B项正确。‎ C I got my first driver's license (执照) in 1953 by taking driver education in my first year at Central High School in Charlotte，North Carolina.Four years later when it was time to renew my license I was a married woman.Henry and I were living in Baltimore，Maryland.Two weeks before my 20th birthday，Henry drove me to the motor vehicle office on a hot July afternoon.When I got to the office and showed to the man behind the counter my North Carolina driver's license，ready to renew，the man told me that I was under age by Maryland law since I was not yet 21.“Mr.Henry Smith，your husband，will have to sign for you，”he said.‎ I argued，pointing to a very large belly (肚子) of mine，“I am married.I am having a baby.Why should I have to have someone sign for me to drive？”He answered coldly，“ It's the law，madam.”‎ Henry encouraged me to calm down，just go ahead and get the license and be done with it.“No，”I said.I refused to have him sign for me.So I left without a Maryland license.‎ I called the North Carolina Motor Vehicle Office and renewed my NC license by mail—using my name Susan Brown.And thus it was for the next twelve years.Since Henry was in the army I could drive under my home state license.By the time Henry left the army we were once again living in Maryland，and I had to take the Maryland driver's exam.Since then I just go in and renew every four years—sign the name Susan Brown，have my new picture taken，and walk out with a license to drive.‎ 本文讲述了美国不同的州法律不一样。在北卡罗莱纳州，中学时就可拿驾照，而在马里兰州21岁才能申请驾照。‎ ‎1．Susan got her first driver's license______.‎ A．before she got married to Henry B．when she was twenty years old C．after she finished high school D．when she just moved to ‎Maryland 答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一、二句话可知，苏珊在上中学时拿到的第一个驾照，四年后换证时，她已结婚了。由此可知A项正确。‎ ‎2．Susan failed to renew her license the first time in Maryland because______.‎ A．she was forbidden to drive by Maryland law B．she lacked driving experience in ‎Maryland C．she was to give birth to a baby soon D．she insisted on signing for herself 答案：D。推理判断题。根据第三段可知，她拒绝丈夫替她签名注册，因此她没拿到驾照。由此可知正是因为她坚持自己签名注册，使她没换证成功。‎ ‎3．We can infer from the text that in the U．S.______.‎ A． American males should serve in the army B．different states may have different laws C．people have to renew their licenses in their home states D．women should adopt their husbands' family names after marriage 答案：B。推理判断题。由马里兰州和北卡罗莱纳州的法律来看，不同的州有不同的法律。‎ D ‎(2015·南昌一模)‎ The elephant was lying heavily on its side, fast asleep.A few dogs started barking at it.The elephant woke up in terrible anger: it chased the dogs into the village where they ran for safety.‎ That didn’t stop the elephant.It destroyed a dozen houses and injured several people.The villagers were scared and angry.Then someone suggested calling Parbati, the elephant princess.‎ Parbati Barua’s father was a hunter of tigers and an elephant tamer.He taught Parbati to ride an elephant before she could even walk.He also taught her the dangerous ‎ art of the elephant roundup—how to catch wild elephants.‎ Parbati hasn’t always lived in the jungle.After a happy childhood hunting with her father, she was sent to a boarding school in the city.But Parbati never got used to being there and many years later she went back to her old life.“Life in the city is too dull.Catching elephants is an adventure and the excitement lasts for days after the chase，” she says.‎ But Parbati doesn’t catch elephants just for fun.“My work，”she says，“is to rescue men from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from men.” And this is exactly what Parbati has been doing for many years.Increasingly, the Indian elephant is angry: for many years, illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land.It is now fighting back.Whenever wild elephants enter a tea garden or a village, Parbati is called to guide the animals back to the jungle before they can kill.‎ The work of an elephant tamer also involves love and devotion.A good elephant tamer will spend hours a day singing love songs to a newly captured elephant.“Eventually they grow to love their tamers and never forget them.They are also more loyal than humans，”she said, as she climbed up one of her elephants and sat on the giant, happy animal.An elephant princess indeed!‎ ‎1．For Parbati, catching elephants is mainly to________.‎ A．get longlasting excitement B．keep both men and elephants safe C．send them back to the jungle D．make the angry elephants tame ‎2．Before Parbati studied in a boarding school, ________．‎ A．she spent her time hunting with her father B．she learned how to sing love songs C．she had already been called the elephant princess D．she was taught how to hunt tigers ‎3. Indian elephants are getting increasingly angry and they revenge because________.‎ A．they are caught and sent for heavy work B．illegal hunters capture them and kill them C．they are attacked and their land gets limited D．dogs often bark at them and chase them ‎4．The passage starts with an elephant story in order to explain that________.‎ A．people easily fall victim to elephants’ attacks B．the manelephant relationship is getting worse C．elephant tamers are in short supply D．dogs are as powerful as elephants ‎【解题导语】　本文介绍了大象公主Parbati的故事。‎ ‎1．解析：选B。细节理解题。 根据第五段的第二句“‘My work，’she says, ‘is to rescue men from the elephants, and to keep the elephants safe from men.’”可知，Parbati捕捉大象主要是为了保障大象与人的安全，故选B项。‎ ‎2．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“After a happy childhood hunting ‎ with her father，she was sent to a boarding school in the city”可知，Parbati与父亲一起打猎度过了一个幸福的童年，之后被送去市里的一个寄宿学校，故选A项。‎ ‎3．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第五段的第四句“Increasingly，the Indian elephant is angry：for many years，illegal hunters have attacked it and its home in the jungle has been reduced to small pieces of land.”可知，大象因遭到非法狩猎者的袭击以及领地受限而对人类进行报复，故选C项。‎ ‎4．解析：选B。推理判断题。根据文章整体内容可推知，文章以一个大象的故事开头是为了展现人类和大象日益紧张的关系，故选B项。‎ E Below are the best four applications to help you organize your closet(橱柜)—and trust us, there really is something for everyone.‎ Closet If you're looking to create your own digital closet, then this app is for you. Closet helps you categorize your outfits and keeps you uptodate on what you've already worn.‎ PROS: Very simple and userfriendly. Great for helping you look at your own closet without feeling overwhelmed.‎ CONS: No social interactions. This app is strictly for having a mobile version of your closet.‎ Pose The app makes things insanely easy for the indecisive shopper. So if you're debating whether or not to buy something, you can get a second opinion. The app also gathers photos of items that you wish to buy and items you already own, so they are all in one spot.‎ PROS: When you sign up, you fill out a short survey that helps identify your personal style and subsequently finds people with similar taste that you can follow for inspiration.‎ CONS: The phone application is more visually appealing than the actual website.‎ Stylitics It allows you to categorize your clothes by color, brand, pattern and more. And if you're wondering whether you have already worn an outfit, simply check your style calendar.‎ PROS: The app comes with a “Today in Fashion History” tip so you can brush up on ‎ your style knowledge.‎ CONS: You can't view your style profile using the app yet unless you log on to the site.‎ Walk in My Closet If you're browsing the Internet, looking for something to buy, you can instantly add the item to your virtual closet so that your wish list items are all in one place. Besides sharing your closet with other users, you can also sell items you no longer want.‎ PROS: The “Moodboard” is a great way to gather inspiring looks that you like from other users and fashion experts.‎ CONS: The luggage feature, which allows you to prepare outfits for an upcoming trip, is only available on the site; it would be useful if it were on the app.‎ 文章大意：本文讲述四个流行的应用程序来帮你组织你的橱柜。‎ ‎1．Which of the following can replace the underlined word?‎ A．Instantly. B．Accurately.‎ C．Deliberately. D．Incredibly.‎ 答案：D　词义猜测题。根据Pose中提到So if you're debating whether or not to buy something, you can get a second opinion. The app also gathers photos of items that you wish to buy and items you already own, so they are all in one spot.如果你不知道是否要买，这个app可能收集你想要买的东西的照片，即时的浏览，故app让没有主见的消费者购物变得非常的简单，故选D项。‎ ‎2．Which of the following is designed for people who often hesitate when buying clothes?‎ A．Closet. B．Pose.‎ C．Stylitics. D．Walk in My Closet.‎ 答案：B　推理判断题。根据Pose提到的The app makes things insanely easy for the indecisive shopper可知app让那些优柔寡断的消费者买东西变得更加简单，故选B项。‎ ‎3．What can we learn about Walk in My Closet from the passage?‎ A．It is a simple and userfriendly app.‎ B．It helps you confirm your personal style.‎ C．It combines both shopping and organizing your closet.‎ D．It requires you to log on the site to view your style profile.‎ 答案：C　细节理解题。根据Walk in My Closet提到的If you're browsing the Internet, looking for something to buy, you can instantly add the item to your virtual closet so that your wish list items are all in one ‎ place如果你浏览网页时，看到想买的东西，你可以把它加入到你的虚拟衣柜，故可知选C项。‎ ‎4．The passage mainly tells us ________.‎ A．about the four best fashion apps to help organize your closet B．how to use these fashion apps C．that everyone can find their own personal style D．that we should share our closet with friends 答案：A　主旨大意题。本文讲述四个流行的应用程序来帮你组织你的橱柜，故选A项。‎