高考英语语法精讲精练形容词和副词

高考英语语法精讲精练形容词和副词

‎2014届新课标高三第二轮专题讲解 形容词和副词是历年英语高考的重点。要复习好这一块知识点，考生不仅要掌握其基础知识，同时要牢记其中的重点和难点，也是高考的热点。‎ ‎1.形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词，其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种情况，须牢记：‎ ①几个并列的形容词作定语，其语序通常为：‎ 限定语（the/a/an）+ 描绘性形容词 + size（大小）+ shape（形状）+ age（年龄、时间）+ color（颜色）+origin（国籍、来源）+material（材料）+ purpose（目的）+名词；‎ a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella,‎ the man’s first tow interesting little red French oil paintings 熟记口诀就可以顺利解题：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。‎ ②形容词短语作定语，定语后置；‎ a language difficult to master, ‎ a leaning tower about 180 feet high This is a student worth of praise.‎ They will turn their motherland into a country, beautiful and modern.‎ ③表语形容词（afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等）作定语，定语后置；‎ a man alive：活着的人 有些表身体健康状况的形容词如well, faint, ill只作表语。sick既可作表语又可作定语，ill如作定语意为“bad”；‎ ④形容词作定语修饰由不定代词one, no, any, some和every构成的复合词如anything、‎ something等时，通常后置；‎ I have something important to tell you.‎ ⑤enough、nearby修饰名词前置或后置，程度副词一般位于形容词、副词前面，enough修饰形容词、副词时，必须后置；‎ ⑥else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语；‎ ⑦几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式→地点→时间；‎ ⑧频度副词如often, always, usually等在be动词后，行为动词前；‎ ⑨副词作定语，定语后置；‎ The person there is waiting for you.‎ ⑩复合形容词常用作定语。‎ He was a 12-year-old boy.‎ 复合形容词的构成：‎ ‎▲形容词+形容词：red-hot炽热的 dark-blue深蓝的 ‎▲形容词+现在分词：good-looking好看的 easy-going随和的 ‎▲副词+现在分词：hard-working勤劳的 fast-moving快速转动的 ‎▲副词+过去分词：hard-won得来不易的 newly-made新建的 ‎▲名词+形容词：life-long终生的 world-famous世界闻名的 ‎▲名词+现在分词：peace-loving爱好和平的 fun-loving爱开玩笑的 ‎▲名词+过去分词：snow-covered白雪覆盖的 hand-made手工的 ‎▲形容词+名词-ed：kind-hearted好心的 white-haired白发的 ‎▲数词+名词 + ed：four-storeyed 4层楼的 three-legged 3条腿的 ‎▲数词+名词（名词用单数）：ten-year 10年的 two-man两人的 ‎2.形容词作伴随状语和原因状语 He spent 7days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.他在风雪中度过了7天，又冷又饿。 She stared into the distance, speechless for a long time.她盯着远处看，好长时间不讲话。‎ Afraid of being caught, the thief hid himself under a bed.因为害怕被抓，这个小偷藏在床下面。‎ 象get, grow, become, feel, appear, prove, look, keep, smell, taste, sound, go, turn, remain 等这些动词既可以用作为实义动词又可以用作连系动词，因而要根据上下文语境判断究竟是什么性质的动动词才能正确解题。‎ 玛丽悲伤地看了看父母亲而她的父母亲看上去也很悲伤。‎ Mary looked sadly at her parents while her parents looked sad, too.（第一个“look”为实义动词，第二个 “look” 为连系动词）‎ 形容词、副词有三个等级：原级、比较级和最高级，其构成形式如下：‎ 规则变化：单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词未尾加-er, -est tall taller tallest 以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice nicer nicest 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er,-est big bigger biggest ‎"以辅音字母+y"结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-est busy busier busiest 少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er,-est clever narrow cleverer narrower cleverest narrowest 其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级 important easily more important more easily most important most easily 不规则变化 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best bad/ill worse worst old older/elder oldest/eldest much/many more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest 注意：many, old和far比较级及最高级用法的区别 ①如果后接名词时，much more +不可数名词，many more +可数名词复数。‎ ②old有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。elder，eldest只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。 My elder brother is an engineer. Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.‎ ③far有两种比较级，farther，further..在英语中两者都可指距离。 在美语中，father表示距离，further表示进一步 I have nothing further to say.‎ ‎1.原级的用法 表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时，用“as+原级形容词/副词+ as”的结构；表示双方不相等时，用“not so(as)+原级形容词/副词+ as”的结构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数+ as+原级形容词/副词+ as”的结构。‎ Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu.‎ This building looks not so (as)high as that one.‎ Miss Xu speaks English as fluently as you .‎ This room is three times as large as that one.‎ ‎2.比较级的用法 ‎①双方比较，表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级+than”的结构表示；‎ This picture is more beautiful than that one.‎ 注意：‎ ‎▲比较对象的一致性 请看下面这道选择题：‎ The weather in China is different from__ __.‎ A. in America B. one in America C. America D. that in America ‎ 本题意为"中国的天气比美国热。"比较的是天气而不是国家，C不能选。A没有名词，后句成分不全，排除。B和D中，B中的one常用来代替可数名词，而that可车以代替不可数或抽象名词，所以选D。‎ ‎▲要避免将主语包含在比较对象中 ‎（错）China is larger than any country in Asia.（因为中国也属于亚洲）‎ ‎（对）China is larger than any other countries in Asia.‎ ‎▲注意比较对象的省略或隐藏：有时省略或不点明被比较的对象，而是通过语境来暗示被比较的对象。‎ 请看下面这两道选择题：‎ If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.‎ A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 本题将比较的对象隐藏在虚拟条件句中，即：与没有考试的时候相比。本题答案选D。‎ I don’t think this film is by far the most boring.I have seen____________.‎ A. better B. worse C. the best D. the worst 由前文“我认为这部电影不是最没趣的”可知，“我看过(比这部)更差的电影”，省略了than this one。本题答案是B。‎ It takes a long time to go there by train; it's ________by road. A. quick B. the quickest C. much quick D. quicker 由语境可知，句末省略了than by train，用比较级。本题答案是D。‎ ‎②表示一方不及另一方时，用“less+原级+than”的结构表示；‎ This room is less beautiful than that one.‎ ‎③表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如even, a lot, a bit, a little, still, much, far, yet, by far等修饰；‎ He works even harder than before.‎ 注意：by far通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如在前面，应在二者中 间加“the”。‎ He is taller by far than his brother.‎ He is by far the taller of the two brothers.‎ ‎④表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the +比较级（主语+谓语），the +比较级（主语+谓语）”‎ 的结构（意为“越……越……”）；‎ The harder he works, the happier he feels.‎ ‎⑤不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级+ and+比较级”的结构；‎ The weather is getting colder and colder.‎ The girl becomes more and more beautiful.‎ ‎⑥某些以-ior结尾的形容词进行比较时，用to代替than。这些词有inferior（劣等的，次的）、superior（较 好的，优于……）、junior（资历较浅的）、senior（资格较老的）、prior（在……之前）等；‎ He is superior to Mr. Zhang in chemistry.‎ ‎⑦在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用that(those)、one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物,one既可指人又可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词；‎ The book on the table is more interesting than that(或the one)on the desk.‎ A box made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.‎ ‎⑧否定词+比较级 该结构用否定形式表示肯定意义。要掌握该结构的用法，须注意以下几点：‎ ‎▲该结构多为“can't ／couldn't ＋比较级”的形式 I can't agree with you more.我再同意你的意见不过了。（或：我完全同意你的意见。） ‎ The weather couldn't be worse.天气再糟糕不过了。 He couldn't have done better.他做得再好不过了。‎ ‎▲用于该结构中的否定词除了not之外，还有no，never，nothing等 This could give her no greater pleasure.这使她再高兴不过了。 There's nothing cheaper.这东西再便宜不过了。‎ There is no greater love than that of a man who lays down his life for his friends.‎ 为朋友而放弃生命的爱是最伟大的爱。‎ ‎▲当该结构中的比较级为less时，其意义为“一点也不”‎ 试比较：He couldn't care more.他非常介意。（或：他最关心不过了。） ‎ He couldn't care less.他毫不介意。（或：他最漠不关心了。） ‎ 注意：反过来用肯定形式表示否定意义。这种用法主要见于： ‎ ‎▲know better than+不定式。这种结构意为“不至于” ‎ You have a better command of French than to make such mistakes.‎ 你的法语较好，不至于犯这样的错误。‎ He is more experienced than to do such a thing.‎ 他比较有经验，不至于做这样的事。‎ ‎▲more than…can。这种句型形式上是肯定，实际上有否定含义 The boys in the street have become very insolent and it is more than flesh and blood can bear.‎ 街上的男孩变得非常无礼,到了人所不能忍受的地步。‎ The beauty of the place is more than I can describe.‎ 那地方美得无法形容。‎ ⑨倍数表达法 ‎▲A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.‎ The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.‎ 这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大（高）/这座新楼比那座旧楼大（高）三倍。‎ ‎▲A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B. ‎ Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大/亚洲比欧洲大三倍。‎ ‎▲A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.‎ Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。‎ 用times表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double.‎ ‎3.最高级的用法 ‎①三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the +最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比 较范围的介词短语；‎ Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.‎ He works(the)hardest in his class.‎ ‎②最高级可被序数词以及much、by far、nearly、almost 、by no means、not quite、not really、nothing like 等词语所修饰；‎ This hat is by far / much / nearly / almost / not nearly / by no means / not quite / nothing like the biggest.‎ ‎③表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent、extreme、perfect等，没有最高级，也没有比较级。‎ ‎④形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略；‎ He is the tallest(boy)in his class.‎ ‎⑤作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。‎ Of all the boys he came(the)earliest.‎ ‎4.形容词和副词前面使用冠词的情况 ‎①形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词，副词最高级前可不加冠词；‎ ‎②形容词最高级前有时加不定冠词，或不加冠词，不表比较，表示“非常”；‎ He is a most clever young policeman.(most=very)‎ The film is most interesting.(most=very)‎ ‎③as+形容词+a+单数名词；‎ This is as good an example as the other is. ④表示两者间“较……的一个”比较级前加the；‎ who is the older of the tow boys?‎ ‎⑤在“the + 比较级……，the + 比较级……”结构中；‎ ‎⑥在same前一般要加the；‎ ‎⑦What +a/an+形容词+单数可数名词=How+形容词+ a/an+单数可数名词 What an interesting film it is！=How interesting a film it is!‎ ‎⑧so和such的用法 so + 形容词 / 副词 +  that … ‎ so + 形容词 + a（n）+ 单数可数名词 + that … ‎ so + many / much / little / few + 名词 + that … ‎ such + a(n)+ 形容词+单数可数名词 + that … ‎ such + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + that …‎ such + 形容词 + 复数名词 + that …‎ 下列词组中为什么只能用so不可用such？‎ so much progress、so many people、so little food、so few apples等。‎ 因为名词受many, much, little, few等表示“多或少”意义的词修饰。‎ 下列这句中such用得对不对？（对）。为什么？ ‎ These are such little boys that they can’t dress themselves.‎ 因为little在这儿表示“小”，而不是表示“少”的意思。‎ 下列so的用法是错误的：so difficult problems, so hot weather 为什么？因为problems是复数，weather是不可数名词。‎ ⑧有些形容词前加the 成为名词。如the poor, the rich 等。‎ ‎5.由as/so组成的形容词或副词短语 ‎①as much as +不可数名词：多达 Each stone weighs as much as fifteen tons.‎ ‎②as many as +可数名词：多达 I have as a many as sixteen reference books.‎ ‎③as early as：早在 As early as the twelfth century the English began to invade the island.‎ ‎④as far as：远到；就……而知（论）‎ We might go as far as (走到)the church and back.‎ As far as I know（就我所知），he has been there before.‎ ‎⑤may (might, could)as well：不妨、不如 Then you might as well stay with us here.‎ ‎⑥as … as can be：到了最……的程度，极其 They are as unreliable as they can be.他们极其不可信。‎ ‎⑦as … as one can：尽其所能 He began to run, as fast as he could.‎ ‎⑧as … as possible：尽可能 Just get them to finish up as quickly as possible.‎ ‎6.more /less than及其相关结构 第一类 ‎①more than＋具体数字=over：多于、超过……‎ He spoke English more than two years.(两年多)‎ more than＋名词/动词/形容词/副词：不仅仅 China Daily is more than a newspaper and it can also help us learn English.‎ ‎②not more than：不超过……，顶多……=at most There were not more than 70 women in the store then.（不足70个女性）‎ ‎③no more than：仅仅，只不过 The theater was no more than a painted barn.‎ 这戏院只不过是漆了油漆的库房而已（没什么大不了的）。‎ ‎④less than：少于、不足……‎ Their car broke down where they drove less than five miles.（不到五英里）‎ less than＋名词/形容词：仅仅 He is less than pleased to have visitors.‎ ‎⑤not less than：……以上，至少……=at least ‎ He has not less than 2oo dollars.（至少200美元）‎ ⑥no less than：不会少于……，与……一样，简直就……‎ It is no less than robbery to ask me for so much.‎ 要我这么多钱，简直跟抢劫没有两样。‎ 第二类 ‎①more＋形容词/副词/名词＋than：比……更……‎ I have found that he is a more efficient worker than any other one. ②more…than…：与其……不如……‎ He is not more an artist than a philosopher. 与其说他是位艺术家，不如说他是位哲学家。‎ ‎③not more…than…：不如……，不及……‎ You are not more careful than he is.你不如他仔细。‎ She was not more pleased than I was.她不及我开心。‎ ‎④no＋比较级＋than：仅仅……，最多……，只不过……，和……一样不 This kind of plant grows no higher than one inch.‎ 这种植物最多长到一英寸。‎ The officials could see no more than the Emperor.‎ 官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。‎ He is no more a good player than I am.‎ 他和我一样都不是好球员（他也好不到哪里去）。‎ ⑤less＋形容词/副词/名than：比……更少，不如……‎ Jane is less beautiful than Suan.‎ He is less slow than lazy at his work.=He is more lazy than slow at his work.‎ ‎⑥not less…than：不比……少，不亚于……‎ She is not less charming than her daughter.她跟她女儿一样有魅力。‎ ⑦no less…than：不会比……差，正如……一样”‎ A dolphin is no less a clever animal than a dog is.海豚不会比狗笨吧！‎ ‎1.下列单词虽以-ly结尾，但却是形容词而非副词 deadly,friendly,lovely,likely,lonely,silly,lively,brotherly,weekly等。‎ ‎2.有无ly的副词意义、用法有别 ①意义用法不同 Someone followed me close behind me.有人紧跟着我。‎ Everyone felt that his remarks hit close to home.他的话击中了要害。‎ Come close to me and you’ll listen to me clearly.靠近我，你就会听清楚的。‎ These two topics are closely related.这两个课题紧密相连。‎ ‎（close修饰介词短语、closely修饰动词和过去分词）‎ He hardly worked hard at maths so he could not pass the maths examination.‎ 他几乎没有 努力学习数学，结果没有通过这次数学考试。‎ He always works late into the night.他总是工作到深夜。‎ Have you been to the cinema lately?你最近有没有看电影？‎ The meeting proceeded in a most friendly atmosphere.会见在极其友好的气氛中进行。‎ The present world situation is most favorable for the people.当前世界形势对人民非常有利。‎ They are mostly visiting scientists.= Most of them are visiting scientists.‎ ‎②具体和抽象的关系 They buried the body very deep. 他们把尸体埋得很深。（具体）‎ His words deeply moved me. 他的话深深地打动了我。（抽象）‎ 类似的词：high/highly, wide/widely ‎3.形容词和副词相同形式 ①意义不一 She said with a half smile to me.她微笑着对我说。‎ Well begun is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。‎ This kind of material feels very hard.这种材料摸上去很硬。‎ He found modern art very hard to understand.他觉得现代艺术很难理解。‎ He is working hard at maths.他在努力学习数学。‎ The door was fast shut.门紧闭着。‎ His father was fast asleep.他父亲睡得很香。‎ ‎②意义基本相同 He got up so early that he caught the early bus.他起得早赶上了早班车。‎ What you need is a sound sleep.你所需要的是好好睡一觉。‎ His father was sound asleep. 他父亲睡得很香。‎ If he were well, he would do the work well.‎ 如果他身体好的话，他会把这项工作干好的。‎ ‎4.搭配特别的形容词和副词 英语中有些形容词和副词与名词、动词、或另一形容词等的搭配与汉语不完全一样，在平时学习中通过运用要把它们掌握好。‎ 特别注意下列有别于汉语的表达：‎ well worth很值得 wide awake很清醒 ‎ fast/sound asleep睡得很香 largely due to…主要因为 ‎ greatly respected/honored很受尊敬 rain/snow hard/heavily下大雨（大雪） ‎ large/small population人口多（少） heavy traffic交通堵塞 ‎5.体现两句间逻辑关系的连接性副词 解决这类问题，首先要弄清形容词和副词真正含义，在解题时要弄清上下文的逻辑关系。‎ 常用的此类词有：besides而且、再说,instead而是，反而,though不过，可是，然而,however不过，仍然，然而,thus/therefore因此，所以,furthermore/moreover此外，而且，再者,otherwise/or否则，不然,anyhow/anyway反正，不管怎样,even so即便如此，即使这样,or rather更确切地说等等。‎ 请看下列选择题：‎ ①Progress so far has been very good. _______, we are sure that the project will be completed on time. ‎ A. However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Besides ‎ ‎【解析】“一直进展良好”与“按时完工”是因果关系，用therefore。答案是C。‎ ②The hurricane damaged many houses and business buildings;_____ , it caused 20 deaths.‎ A. or else B. therefore C. after all D. besides ‎【解析】由前后语境不难确定，是要表示“此外，还有，而且”，用besides。其它选项不合语境：or so大约；therefore因此；after all毕竟。答案是D。‎ ③Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost. _ , their political influence should be very great.‎ ‎ A. As a result B. As usual C. Even so D. So far ‎【解析】由前后的语意逻辑可知，所填之词应是表示“即使如此”之意，用even so。句意：工会已经失去很多权力了；即使这样，他们的政治影响还应当还是很大的。答案是C。‎ ‎6.too much和much too的区别 ①too much有下列用法 too much的含义是“太多”，充当形容词用时，too是副词，用来修饰much，后接不可数名词。‎ I have too much homework to do.我有太多的家庭作业要做。‎ too much充当副词用时，可用来修饰动词 Watching TV too much is bad for your health.看电视看得太多对你的健康有害。‎ too much充当代词用时，后面不接名词，代替上下文提到的事物。‎ You gave me too much.你给我的太多了。‎ ②much too意为“太”，much(副词)用来修饰too(副词)，以加强语气，只可起副词作用，在句中修饰形容词或副词。‎ It’s much too expensive.太贵了。‎ You walk(much)too far yesterday.昨天你散步走得太远了。‎ It’s much too cold.‎ ‎7.too…to结构表达的不同意义 ‎①“too＋形容词／副词＋动词不定式”结构简称为“too...to”结构。这种结构是英语中常用的一种句型，在大多数情况下表示否定意义，在翻译时，通常可译为“‎ 太……而不能……”、“太……无法……”。‎ English is too difficult for me to learn well.英语太难，我学不好。‎ The hat is too large to wear.这帽子太大，没法戴。 ‎ ‎②“too...to”不表示否定意义的情况：too...to结构之前带有but, only, all, never, not时，是强调肯定的表示法，译作”非常……、十分……、实在……、真是太……”等；“too...to”结构中带有表示某种心情或描绘性的形容词或副词，如ready, eager, satisfied, kind, willing, easy, anxious等加动词不定式结合成一个不可分割的状态、态度、倾向或心情等。‎ I am but too glad to do so.我非常喜欢这样做。 ‎ Comrade Lei Feng was too ready to help others.雷锋同志乐于助人。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎①We don’t care if a hunting dog smells_ ,but we really don’t want him to smell____.‎ A. well, well B. bad, bad C. well, badly D. badly, bad ‎【解析】答案为D。第一个“smell”是“嗅觉”的意思，实义动词，第二个“smell”是“闻起来”的意思，是连系动词，因而答案为D。整个句子的意思是：我们不在乎猎狗嗅觉灵不灵，但是我们确实不想让它闻起来有臭味（发出臭味）。‎ ‎②After the long journey, the three of them went back home, _____ .‎ A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired C. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired ‎【解析】答案为B。为由句式结构看，空格处应作为状语使用，四个选项中均使用了并列连词“and”，故“and”前后的词性应该一致，且英语中形容词或形容词短语可作为状语使用，表示主语的状态。句意：长途旅行后他们三人回家了，又累又饿。‎ ‎③Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way ______ to the Home‎ Circle ‎Building. ‎ A. easy enough B. enough easy C. easily enough D. enough easily ‎【解析】答案为C。因“make one’s way ‎ to”是固定词组，意为“前往”，修饰动词“made”要用副词，排除选项A和B；副词“enough”修饰形容词或副词，要后置，故排除D项。‎ ‎④______to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of useful skills.‎ A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave ‎【解析】答案为C。“enough”修饰形容词要后置，排除选项B和D；“brave enough”与后面的不定式构成形容词短语作定语，要放在所修饰的名词“students”后，故排除A项。‎ ‎⑤John Smith, a successful businessman, has a ______car. A. large German white B. large white German C. white large German D. German large white ‎【解析】答案为B。large是“大小”，German是“产地”，white是“颜色”；其排列顺序应当是“大小+颜色+产地”。‎ ‎⑥______students are required to take part in the boat race.‎ ‎ A. Ten strong young Chinese B. Ten Chinese strong young C. Chinese ten young strong D. Young strong ten Chinese ‎【解析】答案为A。根据“限定词+形容词+名词”，数词属于限定词，选出A和B来；再根据“描绘（strong）+（长幼young）+国籍（Chinese）”选出正确答案。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎①He speaks English well indeed, but of course not ______a native speaker. A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently than ‎【解析】答案为C。修饰动词“speak”时要用副词，排除A和B选项；又因“than”前必须是比较级，故排除D选项。‎ ‎②It is to spend money on preventing illnesses by promoting healthy living rather than spending it trying to make people after they are ill. ‎ A. good; good B. well; better C. better; better D. better; good ‎【解析】答案为C。由句意“把钱花在改善生活环境以预防疾病上，要比在人们生病之后，把钱花在让他们痊愈上好。”可知，两处空白均表示两者的比较，故用比较级。‎ ‎③—Did you take enough money with you?‎ ‎—No, I needed I thought I would.‎ A. not so much as B. as much as C. much more than D. much less than ‎【解析】答案为C。由答语中“No”可知“我没有带足够的钱”，因此“我需要比我原来想带的更多的钱”。‎ ‎④I like this jacket better than that one，but it costs almost three times_____ . ‎ A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many ‎【解析】答案为C。考查倍数的表示方法。空白处补充完整为“as much as that one costs”。‎ ‎⑤A rough estimate, Nigeria is __________ Great Britain.‎ A. three times the size as B. the size three times of ‎ C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of ‎ ‎【解析】答案为D。倍数比较的常见句型“A is three（four, etc.）times the size（height, length etc.）of B”。句意：初略估计，尼日利亚国土面积是英国的三倍。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎⑥It looks like the weather is changing for ______ . Shall we stick to our plan? ‎ A. the worse B. worse C. the worst D. worst ‎【解析】答案为A。隐含着将现在的天气与将来的天气进行比较。“the worse”后面省略了“weather”意为“天气变坏或恶化”。句意：看上去好像天气在变坏。我们还要不要坚持我们的计划？‎ ‎⑦I don’t think this film is by far the most boring. I have seen______.‎ A. better B. worse C. the best D. the worst ‎【解析】答案为B。由前文“我认为这部电影不是最没趣的”可知，“我看过（比这部）更差的电影”，省略了“than this one”。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎①Your story is perfect; I’ve never heard before.‎ A. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a good one ‎【解析】答案为C。比较级用于否定句中表示最高级的意义。句意是“你的故事非常完美。我以前从没听说过比这更好的故事。”‎ ‎②—Did you enjoy yourself at the party? ‎—Yes，I’ve never been to one before. A. a more excited B. the most excited C. a more exciting D. the most exciting ‎【解析】答案为C。见上面的解析。句意：我以前从未参加过比这个更激动人心的晚会。‎ ‎③David has won the first prize in singing; he is still very excited now and feels_____ desire to go to bed. ‎ A. the most B. more C. worse D. the least ‎【解析】答案为D。因为feel the least desire to go to bed意为“完全不/一点也不想去睡觉”与前文的“他现在还非常兴奋”的语意一致。‎ ‎④I used to earn _______than a pound a week when I first started work.‎ A. a little B. a few C. fewer D. less ‎【解析】答案为D。由“than”可知前面必须要用比较级，排除选项A和B；又由语境可知是“不到一英镑”而不是“比一英镑还少几个”，所以应当用“less（than）”意为“少于”。‎ ‎⑤A typhoon swept across tiffs area with heavy rains and winds _______strong as 113 miles per hour.‎ A. too B. very C. so D. as ‎【解析】答案为D。“as +原级+ as”可以表示程度：每小时高达‎113英里的速度。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎①You’re driving too fast. Can you drive ?‎ A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit more C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more a bit ‎【解析】答案C。为“slowly”的比较级是在其前面加“more”。“a bit”用来修饰比较级。‎ ‎②I wish you’d do ________ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better.（2006江苏卷）‎ A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more ‎【解析】答案为A。“less”是“little”的比较级，表示“较少的”。根据所提供的情景“some more work”可判断出“要少说话，多干活”。“a bit”用来修饰比较级。“any”修饰比较级用在疑问句或否定句中。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎①The weather was cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.‎ A. really B. such C. too D. so ‎【解析】答案为D。so修饰副词构成so...that的结构意为“如此……以致于……”。‎ ‎②We were in ______ when we left that we forgot the airline tickets.‎ ‎ A. a rush so anxious B. a such anxious rush C. so an anxious rush D. such an anxious rus ‎【解析】答案为D。由such（形容词）和so（副词）与带不定冠词的单数可数名词连用的语序 可知“so anxious a rush或such an anxious rush”。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎①Alan is a careful driver, but he drives ______ of my friends.‎ ‎ A. more carefully B. the most carefully C. less carefully D. the least carefully ‎【解析】答案为D。由题干中的but可知，后半句表否定意义，故选D项。the least+形容词（副词）+原形，表示“最不……”。less carefully是两者之间的比较。‎ ‎②Of the two sisters, Betty is one, and she is also the one who loves to be quiet.‎ A. a younger B. a youngest C. the younger D. the youngest ‎【解析】答案为C。当表示两者之中比较年轻的那个时，要用形容词比较级，并在比较级前加定冠词the。the youngest表示多于两个的最年轻的。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎①My brother is really . He often works in his office far into the night. ‎ ‎ A. open-minded B. hard-working C. self-confident D. warm-hearted ‎②A new bus service to Tianjin‎ ‎Airport started to operate two months ago. ‎ A. normal B. usual C. regular D. common ‎【解析】答案为C。句意：两个月前天津机场开始实施了一项新的定期的公共汽车服务。normal正常的；usual通常的；regular有规律的，固定的，正规的，common普遍的，常见的。‎ ‎③Since Tom downloaded a virus into his computer，he can not open the file now.‎ A. readily B. horribly C. accidentally D. irregularly ‎【解析】答案为C。readily意为“乐意地”； horribly意为“可怕地”； accidentally意为“偶然地”； irregularly意为“无规律地”。句意：因为汤姆无意中下载了一个病毒，所以他现在打不开文件了。‎ ‎④If it is quite _______ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday.‎ A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfortable ‎ ‎【解析】答案为A。固定搭配be convenient to….对……是方便的。‎ ‎2009年 ‎1.(安徽卷) — Do you think it's a good idea to make friends with your students?‎ ‎— , I do. I think it's a great idea. ‎ A. Really B. Obviously C. Actually D. Generally ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】Really真地,obviously,明显地,Actually,实际上,Generally,一般来说.从句意来看,显然,Actually最符合情境.本题在做的时候应该多读几遍就会自然出来了。‎ ‎2.(福建卷)It seems that living green is easy and affordable. A small step masks a big difference. ‎ A. exactly B. fortunately C. surprisingly D. hardly ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ exactly：准确地；fortunately：幸运地；surprisingly：惊讶地，出乎意料地；hardly：几乎不。题干意思是：似乎保护环境是出乎意料的简单可行，小小的行动能带来很大的不同。‎ ‎3.(湖北卷) As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel. ‎ A. primary B. alternative C. instant D. unique ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】既然石油和煤都越来越少，人们只好使用一些其它可替代这些燃料的东西，alternative 有“可选择的，可替代的”之意，符合句意。primary“首要的，初期的”，instant“立即的，迅速的”，unique“独特的”。 ‎ ‎4.(湖北卷) The questionnaire takes ten to fifteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment interview. ‎ A. mainly B. punctually C. approximately D. precisely ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】这里意思是“问卷大约需要10至15分钟完成”，应选择approximately“大约地”。 mainly“主要地”，punctually“准时地”，precisely“精确地”。‎ ‎5.(湖南卷) I can ______ be a teacher. I’m not a very patient person.‎ A. seldom B. ever C. never D. always ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】我绝不会成为一名教师。因为我不是一个很有耐心的人。seldom表示“很少”；ever表示“永远”用在肯定句中；never表示“绝不，从来没有”；always 表示“总是”。‎ ‎6.(江苏卷) Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more _____ to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems.‎ A. skeptical B. addicted C. available D. sensitive ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】be sensitive to对什么敏感。Jerry is even more sensitive to emotional and relationship problems. more sensitive to与more easily troubled by 并列。skeptical习惯(或倾向于)怀疑的；be addicted to沉溺于；be available to可利用的。‎ ‎7.(江西卷)Frank put the mediocre in the top drawer to make sure it would not be _______ to the kids. ‎ A. accessible B. relative C. acceptable D. sensitive ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】be accessible to 为……能够接近； be relative to 和……有关系； be acceptable ‎ to 为……所接受 ； be sensitive to 对……敏感, 易接受。‎ ‎8.(辽宁卷) Usually John would be late for meetings. But this time, to my surprise, he arrived on ‎ time.‎ A little B much C ever D even ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】此处意思为“令我大大吃惊”，little很少，ever曾经，even甚至均不和句意。选B恰当。‎ ‎9.(全国I)How much she looked without her glasses! ‎ A. well B. good C. best D. better ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：不戴眼镜她看上去更好看！与戴眼镜形成对比。much用来修饰比较级。‎ ‎10.(全国II)The children loved their day trip, and they enjoyed the horse ride _________. ‎ ‎ A. most B. more C. less D. little ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】很容易误选B或C。根据句子意思可以看出，孩子非常喜欢白天的旅行，而且他们最喜欢的就是骑马了。（从句子中可以看出白天的旅行中经历了很多事情，骑马只是其中之一，所以选用最高级别most）‎ ‎11.(全国II)I’m sure that your letter will get ________ attention .They know you’re waiting for the reply. ‎ ‎ A. continued B. immediate C. careful D. general ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】通过句子意思很容易得出答案。他们知道你在等着答案，所以我肯定你的信会得到立即的（immediate）回复。‎ ‎12.(全国II) It’s high time you had your hair cut; it’s getting _____.‎ ‎ A. too much long B. much too long C. long too much D. too long much ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】much too 太，非常，修饰形容词。如：The book is much too thick. too much 很多，修饰名词或充当名词来用。如：What he said is too much for me. There is too much water in the basin. ‎ ‎13.(天津卷) It was a nice house, but _______ too small for a family of live. ‎ ‎ A. rarely B. fairly C. rather D. pretty ‎ 【答案】C ‎【解析】这几个副词按语气的轻重可大致描述为：(not) → fairly → quite → rather / pretty → very。在这些词中，只有 rather 可以与比较级以及副词 too (太)连用。而rarely则表示“很少,难得”。‎ ‎14.(天津卷) I’m not surprised that he became a writer. Even as a child he had a _____ imagination. ‎ ‎ A. clear B. cautious C. funny D. vivid ‎ 【答案】D ‎【解析】句意为：他才成为一名作家我一点也不奇怪。正当他是孩子的时候，就具有丰富的想象力。Clear表示“清楚的,明确的,澄清的”；cautious 表示“十分小心的,谨慎的”；funny 表示“滑稽的,有趣的”；vivid 表示“生动的,栩栩如生的,鲜艳的”。根据句意应选D。‎ ‎15.（四川卷）My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours , but it is twice _______ expensive .‎ A. as B. so C. too D. very ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查倍数的表示方法。该题采用了“倍数+as+adj./adv+as ”这一结构，所以答案为A。‎ ‎16.(浙江卷) John is very ——if he promises to do something he’ll do it .‎ A. independent B. confident C. reliable D. flexible ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】A项独立的；B自信的；D灵活的均不和句意； 根据后句关键词promises —he'll do it "可知他是"可靠的，可信赖的"，选C。‎ ‎17.(浙江卷) In the good care of the nurses, the boy is recovering from his heart operation. ‎ ‎ A .quietly B. actually C. practically D. gradually ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】根据生活常识，手术后的恢复应该是“逐渐的”，故选D。‎ ‎18.(浙江卷)It took building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses. It took brains, too. ‎ A. other than B. more than C. rather than D. less than ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】本句意为"去建造这些能源房不仅仅需要建筑设施,而且也需要大脑"； other than "除……之外； 不同于，非"； rather than "而不是"；less than "不足、少于"；more than "多于； 不仅仅；不限于；选B符合。‎ ‎19.(浙江卷)_______and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai. ‎ A. the; a B. Tired C. Tiring D. Being tired ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查形容词做伴随状语。本提的突破点在主语Andy and Ruby和tired的关系，前句是省略的让步状语从句，它的主语仍然是Andy and Ruby，此处可知意思是感到疲乏 ，选B。‎ ‎20.(浙江卷)The incomes of skilled workers went up. ______, unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.‎ A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Meanwhile D. Otherwise ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查副词词义辨析。根据句意skilled workers表示"熟练工人"和unskilled workers 表示"不熟练工人"两者情况的对比。Moreover“再者，加之，此外，而且”；therefore“因此，所以”；otherwise“否则，要不然”； meanwhile“在此期间，同时”，符合句意，故选C.‎ ‎2010年 ‎1.(全国I ) I have seldom seen my mother ________ pleased with my progress as she is now.‎ A. so B. very C. too D. rather ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】这题考查的实际上是一个固定搭配not so as,不像……那样，seldom是一个否定词，相当于not。句意：我很少看到妈妈像现在一样为我的进步感到如此的高兴。‎ ‎2.(全国II )The island is ____ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.‎ A. partly B. merely C. nearly D. equally ‎ ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】只要知道词义即可选出答案，该题较为简单。A.部分的 B.只不过 C.几乎 D.同样的，相等的。‎ ‎3.(全国II )Mr. Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been .‎ A. popular B. more popular C. most popular D. the most popular ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】never/not加形容词比较级=形容词最高级。句意：布莱克先生非常高兴，因为他厂里生产的衣服从来没比现在更受欢迎过。‎ ‎4. (安徽卷) _______, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile.‎ A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtful ‎ C. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】Shy and cautious意为“害羞的谨慎的；sensitive and thoughtful意为“敏感的与体贴的”； Honest and confident“诚实的与自信的”；Lighthearted and optimistic意为“愉快的与乐观的”。句意为“愉快与乐观的她，是那种通过微笑把阳光撒给他人的女士。”‎ ‎5. (福建卷)—Volunteering is becoming popular in China .‎ ‎—Yeah, people are now aware that helping others is helping themselves.‎ A. naturally B. successfully C. splendidly D. increasingly ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】A. 自然地，理所当然地；B. 成功地；C.华丽地，壮观地；D. 逐渐地。句意：“志愿活动现在在中国变得越来越受欢迎了。”“是的，人们一直开始意识到帮助他人就是帮助自己。”‎ ‎6.(福建卷)Drunk driving, which was once a occurrence, is now under control.‎ A. general B. frequent C. normal D. particular ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】A.一般的；B.经常的；C.正常的；D.特别的。理解词义后，根据生活常识可以得出答案。‎ ‎7.(湖北卷)In the lecture, I can only give you a purely view of how we can live life to the full and make some suggestions about the future.‎ A. private B. personal C. unique D. different ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】根据词义可以快速排除A和D。A表示“独特的”，D表示“不同的”，只有B和C比较接近。 “private”表示“私人的，私下的，“personal”表示“个人的”，personal view才能表示“个人观点”‎ ‎8.(湖北卷)Mistakes don’t just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then ‎ making the mistake becomes .‎ A. favourable B. precious C. essential D. worthwhile ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】“worthwhile”表示“值得的，有价值的”表示犯错误是值得的。A表示“喜爱的，赞同的”，B“珍贵的”C“本质的”，只要知道词义，并联系生活常识，该题还是很容易得出答案的。‎ 人之常情，我们只能说这个犯过的“错误”会变得“有价值”，却不能说“错误”是“essential(本质的)”“precious”（珍贵的）或者是“favourable（喜爱的，赞同的）”。‎ ‎9.(湖北卷)If I find someone who looks like the suspect, my reaction will be to tell the police.‎ A. physical B. immediate C. sensitive D. sudden ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】“physical”表示“身体的”； “suddent”表示“突然的”； “sensitive”表示“敏感的”，只有 “immediate”表示“立刻，马上”，等同于 “at once”.故选B。句意：“如果我发现了任何疑似嫌疑犯的人，我会立马告知警察”。 ‎ ‎10.(湖北卷)I wasn’t blaming anyone; I said errors like this could be avoided.‎ A. merely B. mostly C. rarely D. nearly ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】“most”（大部分），所以“mostly”(大部分地，通常地)； “near”（临近）“nearly”（几乎）= almost； rare（稀有的）“rarely”（很少地，几乎不）；“mere”（仅仅，只 不过）“merely”（仅仅，只不过）。句意：“我并没有责 怪任何人，我只是说类似这种错误是可以避免的”。‎ ‎11.(湖南卷)Father ________goes to the gym with us although he dislikes going there.‎ A. hardly B. seldom C. sometimes D. never ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】A项意为“几乎不”，B项意为“很少”，C项意为“有时”，D项意为“从不”。句意为：“尽管父亲不喜欢去那儿，但他还是有时和我们一起去锻炼。”故选C项。‎ ‎12.(江西卷)Computers and mobile phones, though they are indeed making our life and more ‎ , have reduced the need for face-to-face communication.‎ A. easily; efficient B. easy, efficient C. easy; efficiently D. easily; efficiently ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】make +life+形容词,而且后面为比较级,所以说两个空同为形容词同为比较级 ‎13.(辽宁卷)Jim went to answer the phone. _______, Harry started to prepare lunch.‎ A. However B. Nevertheless C. Besides D. Meanwhile ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】前后两个句子是相同的语义关系，在时间上表示同时，所以用meanwhile。‎ ‎14.(辽宁卷)We only had ＄100 and that was _______to buy a new computer.‎ A. nowhere near enough B. near enough nowhere C. enough near nowhere D. near nowhere enough ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】nowhere near是固定短语，意思是“差得远；远不及”，相当于一个形容词，enough做副词用，修饰形容词或副词时，应该放在被修饰词的后面。句意：我们只有100美元，他怎么也不够买一台新电脑的。‎ ‎15.(山东卷)Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have _______ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.‎ ‎ A. heavy B. smooth C. flexible D. complex ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意应为“在外工作的母亲们应该有灵活的时间以便照看孩子们。”表示“灵活的”用flexible 。heavy 表示“沉重的”； smooth表示“光滑的，滑顺的”； complex表示“复杂的，难懂的”。‎ ‎16.(陕西卷)Studies show that people are more to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. ‎ A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】所填词做表语，主语是人，由more来修饰，意思是：可能，选A。其中四个选项中possible和probable也都“可能的”之意，但他们做表语时主语只能是物，sure在此处意思不恰当。‎ ‎17.(天津卷) People have always ______ about exactly how life on earth began.‎ A. curious B. excited C. anxious D. careful ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】根据介词about后面宾语从句的意义，可以确定前面表示的是好奇，be curious about ‎ 是“对……感到好奇”的意思。句意：人们一直对于地球生命的起源感到好奇。‎ ‎18.(浙江卷)I have been convinced that the print media are usually more __ and more reliable than television.‎ ‎ A. accurate B. ridiculous C. urgent D. shallow ‎ 【答案】A ‎【解析】accurate 精确的；ridiculous可笑的，滑稽的；urgent紧急的；shallow浅的，肤浅的。句意：我确信印刷媒体常常会比电视更准确、更可靠。‎ ‎19.(浙江卷)Do you think shopping online will __ take the place of shopping in stores?‎ ‎ A. especially B. frequently C. merely D. finally ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】especially 特别，尤其；frequently经常，merely仅仅，finally最终。句意：你认为网上购物最终会替代商场购物吗？‎ ‎20.(浙江卷)Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isn't it rather risky, __________.‎ ‎ A. though B. also C. either D. too ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】根据句意：在冰场上玩耍听起来很有趣。然会不会有危险呢？前后两句之前是明显的转折关系，所以选择though。 ‎ ‎21.(四川卷)The school was moved out of downtown as the number of students had grown too . ‎ ‎ A. small B. few C. 1arge D. many ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】the number of 意为“……的数量”，其后的形容词应为大小，不用多少。又据句意学校被移出了市中心，应该是学生的数量变得太大了，故选C。‎ ‎22.(上海卷)In ancient times, people rarely travelled long distances and most farmers only travelled the local market.‎ ‎ A. longer than B. more than C. as much as D. as far as ‎ 【答案】D ‎ 【解析】as far as远到（至）……句意：古时候人们很少会进行远程旅行，大多的农民只去逛逛当地的市场。‎ ‎23.(上海卷). It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park. It was journey.‎ A. three hour B. a three-hours C. a three-hour D. three hours ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】此题考查复合形容词。数词+连字符+名词的用法,连字符连接的词作名词定语且用单数。意为“三小时的路程”‎ ‎2011年 ‎1.（新课标卷) The form cannot be signed by anyone yourself.‎ A. rather than B. other than C. more than D. better than ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：这张表格只能由你本人签字。rather than而不；other than除了，相当于but和except；more than不仅仅；better than比……多、好。选B。‎ ‎2.（大纲卷）It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is _____ another to play it well yourself.‎ ‎ A. quite B. very C. rather D. much ‎ 【答案】A ‎【解析】 句意：听音乐是一回事，演奏音乐是另一回事。在第二句中省略了thing，quite another (thing)表示“完全不同、完全是另一回事”。‎ ‎3.（大纲卷）Mr. Stevenson is great to work for—I really couldn’t ask for a＿boss.‎ ‎ A. better B. good C. best D. still better ‎ 【答案】A ‎【解析】根据句意前半句可知， 史蒂文先生工作棒极了，后面意味这再也找不到更好的老板了，用否定副词与比较级连用表达最高级。‎ ‎4.（上海卷）When Mom looked back on the early days of their marriage, she wondered how they had ‎ managed with ______ money.‎ A. so few B. such few C. so little D. such little ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】本题考查so和such。难点在于他们后面如果是不可数名词怎么办。such+形容词+不可数名词与so+形容词+不可数名词，两种结构完全一样，如何区分？其实，区别很简单，就看形容词是什么。如果该结构中的形容词是表示数量多少的many, much, few, little, 则用so; 但是，当little 翻译成“小”的时候，用such, such little children 这么小的孩子。so little money这么少的钱。‎ ‎5.（湖北卷）The old engineer’s eyes still shone bright in the wrinkled brown face and his step as he came across the room was _______, though slow.‎ A. shaky B. heavy C. casual D. steady ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】shaky颤抖的；heavy沉重的；casual漠不关心的，冷淡的；steady稳定的。根据前面的交代，选D。句意：这位年长的工程师，古铜色的脸上布满皱纹，但目光炯炯。当他走过房间时，步子虽慢但是沉稳。‎ ‎6.（湖北卷）An unhappy childhood may have some negative effects on a person’s character; however, they are not always _______.‎ A. practical B. avoidable C. permanent D. beneficial ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】根据句意“不幸的童年可能会对给一个人的性格产生消极的影响；然而，这种影响不总是长久的。”选择。permanent：持久的。长久的；beneficial：有利的，有益的；practical：实际的，实践的；avoidable：可以避免的。‎ ‎7.（湖北卷）The state-run company is required to make its accounts as ______ as possible for its staff to monitor the use of money.‎ A. transparent B. reasonable C. secure D. formal ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】transparent：透明的；secure：安全的；formal：正式的；reasonable：合理的。句意：人们要求这家国有公司的账目尽可能地透明，以便公司的员工对金钱的使用加以监督。‎ ‎8.（江西卷）—The film is, I have to say, not a bit interesting.‎ ‎ —Why? It’s ______ than the films I have ever seen.‎ ‎ A. far more interesting B. much less interesting C. no more interesting D. any less interesting ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】程度副词可修饰形容词比较级，放于比较级前。根据应答者用“Why?”进行的反问，选A。句意：“我得说，这部电影一点都不令人感兴趣。”“什么？这可比我看过的电影有趣得多了。”‎ ‎9.（江西卷）The house was too expensive and too big. ______, I’d grown fond of our little rented house.‎ ‎ A. Besides B. Therefore C. Somehow D. Otherwise ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】 根据前后句判断出为并列关系。Besides 此外，而且，表并列；Therefore ‎ 因此，表因果；Somehow 无论如何，表转折；Otherwise 除此之外，表转折。选A。句意：这个房子太贵太大。而且我已经喜欢上了我们的小小租用房。‎ ‎10.（辽宁卷）No matter how________ , it is not necessarily lifeless.‎ ‎ A. a desert may be dry B. dry a desert may be ‎ C. may a desert be dry D. dry may a desert be ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查副词修饰形容词的语序。how与形容词和可数名词单数连用的顺序为：how+形容词+a(n)+可数名词单数，与其用法一样的还有so，too等。如：so difficult a question如此难的一个问题；It’s too long a Journey to make in one day.旅程太远，一天之内到不了。故选B。句意：沙漠无论多么于旱。也不一定就没有生命。‎ ‎11.（江西卷）She has already tried her best. Please don’t be to _____ about her job.‎ A. special B. responsible C. unusual D. particular ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查形容词的固定搭配。be particular about 对……挑剔，是固定搭配。选D。句意：她已经尽了最大的努力。请不要对她的工作太挑剔了。‎ ‎12.（江苏卷）In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are ______.‎ A. special B. regional C. optional D. original ‎12.（安徽卷）To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, ______, honest.‎ A. therefore B. above all C. however D. after ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】A项为“因此，所以”；B项为“首先，尤其是，最重要的是”；C项为“可是，然而”；D项为“毕竟；终究”。根据句意选择B项。句意：要想成为伟大的人物，你必须聪明、自信，而最重要的是要为人诚实。‎ ‎13.（安徽卷）_____, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.‎ A. Hopefully B. Normally C. Thankfully D. Conveniently ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】hopefully充满希望地；normally正常地；thankfully庆幸地；conveniently方便地。根据句意，选C。句意：庆幸的是，我终于打完了比赛，其中的辛苦没有白费。‎ ‎14.（浙江卷）Since people are fond of humor, it is as well in conversation as _______ else.‎ A. anything B. something C. anywhere D. somewhere ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查不定代词和疑问副词的用法。疑问副词与else连用表示（除了in conversation以外）其它任何地方，表示场合。anything和something不能表示场合。句意：人们喜欢幽默，因此幽默在谈话中或者其它场合中都受到欢迎。‎ ‎15.（浙江卷）The professor could tell by the ___________look in Maria’s eyes that she didn’t understand a single word of his lecture ‎ A. cold B. blank C. innocent D. fresh ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】根据后半句提供的信息选择答案答案。cold冷的；冷酷的；blank空白的，茫然的；innocent无罪的，清白的，无害的，天真的,单纯的；fresh新鲜的。句意：教授能够从玛丽亚眼里的茫然表情中看出她对于他的演讲一点都不懂。表示“茫然的”用blank。‎ ‎16.（浙江卷）I’ve been writing this report ______ for the last two weeks, but it has to be handed in ‎ tomorrow. ‎ ‎ A. finally B. immediately C. occasionally D. certainly ‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】前半句说话人“写报道”用了进行时，再加上后半句是“明天必须上交”，说明没有写完因此不能是时间点标志的副词finally（最后）、immediately（立刻），而occasionally（偶尔，间或，断断续续）符合句意。D选项certainly（当然）是干扰选项不贴切句意。句意：在过去的两周里，我断断续续地在写这份报告，但是明天就必须要上交了。‎ ‎17.（浙江卷）My schedule is very ______ right now, but I’ll try to fit you in. ‎ ‎ A. tight B. short C. regular D. flexible ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】理解句意需要读懂词干。schedule是时间表的意思，but转折后的句意是“但我会试着找时间给你（做某事）”因此转折前肯定是时间表本身很满或者很紧张，表示“日程紧”用tight，所以A项正确。句意：我的日程很紧，但是我会尽力安排时间见你。‎ ‎18.（四川卷）—How are your recent trip to Sichuan?‎ ‎ —I’ve never had _______ one before. ‎ A. a pleasant B. a more pleasant C. a most pleasant D. the most pleasant ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查“否定词+比较级”表示最高级的用法。句意：—你最近去四川的旅行怎么样？—我以前从未玩得这么开心过。否定词never+比较级表示最高级的含义，表示这次四川之行是到目前为止玩得最开心的一次旅行，故答案为B。同2011大纲卷17题的考点。‎ ‎19.（天津卷）The young man couldn’t afford a new car. _______, he bought a used one.‎ A. Besides B. Otherwise C. Instead D. Still ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：这个年轻人买不起一辆新车，他就买了辆二手车代替。nstead相反，取而代之，语意符合语境；besides此外，表示语意上的递进；otherwise否则的话，表示语意的转折；still仍旧。‎ ‎20.（福建卷）Nowadays, ____ increase in children’s creativity, for they are greatly encouraged to develop their talents.‎ A. sharp B. slight C. natural D. modest ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】sharp明显的，急剧的；slight轻微的，稍稍的；natural自然的，天生的；modest谦虚的，不过分的。因此选A。句意：现在的孩子们在创造力上有很大的提高，因为他们被极力地鼓励着去发展他们的天赋。‎ ‎1.Fitness is important in sport，but of at least 　　　　 importance are skills. ‎ A. fair B. reasonable C. equal D. proper ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎【解析】fair公平的；equal平等的；相等的。句意：在运动中身体健壮是重要的，但技巧也同等重要。‎ ‎2.She felt ________of having asked such a silly question when the classmates couldn’t help laughing.‎ A. guilty B. ashamed C. terrified D. proud ‎【答案】B　‎ ‎【解析】ashamed羞愧的，be ashamed of因……感到羞耻，惭愧；be guilty ‎ of犯有……罪，过失。‎ ‎3.Don’t put chairs 　　　　 the stove. Dry wood catches fires easily，you know. ‎ A. far away from B. too closely from C. too close from D. too close to ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】从后一句判断，前一句话意为“不要把椅子放得太靠近炉子”，用close to表示“接近，靠近”。‎ ‎4.To complete the food questionnaire，the researchers asked about the participants’ 　　　　intake and assessed the frequency of intake. ‎ A. usual B. common C. ordinary D. normal ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】usual以往的；common常见的；ordinary普通的，平凡的；normal正常的。由句意可知调查的是参与者“通常的”饮食情况。‎ ‎5. —Do you know our school will be enlarged soon?‎ ‎—Of course. It will be ________ in size，as far as I know.‎ A. the large B. the largest C. three times as large D. larger three times ‎【答案】C　‎ ‎【解析】考查倍数表达法。通常表达形式有：A is倍数as＋adj.＋as B; A is倍数＋形容词比较级＋than B; A is倍数＋the＋n(size, weight, length...) of B. 据句意，C项中为three times as large (as the present one) in size。选C项。‎ ‎6.—Many a student has a ________ opinion of him. ‎ ‎—But he is spoken ________ of by the leaders. ‎ A. bad; worse B. badly; highly C. bad; more D. bad; better ‎ ‎【答案】D　‎ ‎【解析】have a bad opinion of sb.对某人评价不高；speak highly/ well of sb.对某人评价很高。据句意，选D项。‎ ‎7.I think she will look ________ if she wears her glasses.‎ A. well B. good C. best D. better ‎【答案】D　‎ ‎【解析】与不戴眼镜时对比用比较级。‎ ‎8.Sometimes, regret is a normal，________response to a failure when you could have done better.‎ A. effective B. efficient C. inevitable D. unforgettable ‎【答案】C　‎ ‎【解析】当你面对原本可以做得更好的事情的失败时，后悔的心理是难以避免的，所以选择C项。‎ ‎9.Can’t you see someone lying on the ground？Let’s go and see whether he is 　　　　or not. ‎ A. alive B. live C. lively D. living ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎【解析】句意：难道你没看到地上躺着一个人吗？我们过去瞧瞧他是否还活着。alive是和dead 相对的；living着重指“健在，尚在人间”。‎ ‎10.To their great relief, the missing child returned home, ______, after an absence of two weeks.‎ A. felt tired and sound B. tiring and soundly C. feeling tired but soundly D. tired but sound ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：使他们宽慰的是，丢失的孩子两周后又重返家园，虽然很疲惫但很健康。形容词作状语表示伴随或结果，不表示动作的方式。‎ ‎11.—Now that you like the car so much，why not drive it back?‎ ‎—Well, how could I afford ________car?‎ A. that expensive a B. that an expensive C. such expensive a D. a such expensive ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】这里的that是副词，意为“那么，那样”，相当于so，一般用于疑问句和否定句中，修饰形容词。that /so expensive a car＝such an expensive car。‎ ‎12.________are mostly from Asia and Africa.‎ A. The present scientists today B. Present the scientists today C. The scientists present today D. Today the present scientists ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】present在场的，出席的，修饰名词时需后置，由此可排除A、B、D。‎ ‎13.Help will come from the UN，but the aid (援助) will be ________near what’s needed.‎ A. everywhere B. somewhere C. anywhere D. nowhere ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】由转折词but可知，援助离需要的还差得很远，nowhere near原意是“不靠近，离……很远”，此处引申为“差得远”。‎ ‎14.—________do we have to go ?‎ ‎—About two more miles.‎ A. How far B. How long C. How farther D. How much farther ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】从答语中的more判断，对方问的是“还要走多远”，需用farther；而how后不能直接跟比较级，故选D。‎ ‎15.—I wonder if you could lend me a hand.‎ ‎—Sure, I’m ________to help.‎ A. too only glad B. only too glad C. just glad D. only glad ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】从前面的sure可知，此处表肯定。only too glad to do sth.意为“非常乐意……”。‎ ‎16.The farmers wondered if vegetables could bring in ________crops.‎ A. as many as B. as good as C. as much as D. as well as ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：农民们想知道蔬菜是否能带来和庄稼一样多的收入。根据句意，可知所带来的收入为不可数名词，因此要用as much as，不能用as many as。‎ ‎17.The price ________should have made you realize it was a trick.‎ A. alone B. just C. simply D. only ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：仅仅价格本身就能使你意识到这是一个骗局。alone放在名词或代词后，表示only “仅仅”的意思。‎ ‎18.—Do you like this part of the town, the so-called desired area?‎ ‎—On the contrary，it’s the ________area I want to visit in the town.‎ A. best B. last C. worst D. first ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：“你喜欢这个小镇的这个所谓的“令人满意的地区”吗？”“正相反，这是这个城镇中我 最不喜欢参观的地区。” the last area意为“最不喜欢的”，为肯定形式表否定意义用法。‎ ‎19.We’re expecting Lily because she’s our ________visitor who comes here for holiday every summer.‎ A. familiar B. particular C. popular D. regular ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：我们盼着Lily的到来，因为她是我们的常客，她每年夏天都来这里度假。regular guest/visitor的意思是：经常或定期往来的客人。本题可以从后面的who comes here for holiday every summer来判断。‎ ‎20.She’s a ________young girl，so it’s ________impossible for her to tell falseness from truth.‎ A. rather; quite B. too; quite C. so; fairly D. very; rather ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意为：她是一个非常年轻的女孩，因此让她分清真伪是根本不可能的。quite用在没有程度而言的形容词、副词前，相当于completely，因此可排除C、D两项；没有a too young girl形式，应该说too young a girl。‎ ‎21.Oh, boy, why are you killing your time this way？Can’t you find something _______doing at all?‎ A. useful B. valuable C. worth D. good ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】固定搭配。这几个选项里只有worth后需跟ing形式。worth doing作something的后置定语，相当于定语从句：...something that is worth doing。‎ ‎22.—What’s in your hand?‎ ‎—________novel. Would you like to read it?‎ A. An Australian new interesting historical B. A new interesting historical Australian C. An interesting new Australian historical D. A historical interesting new Australian ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】多个形容词作定语的排列顺序。句意：“你手里是什么？”“一本有趣的新的澳大利亚历史小说，你想读吗？”‎ ‎23.—Let me help you , Tom !‎ ‎—Thank you . I can do it. Here’s to hold all these things .‎ A. a big enough case B. an enough big case ‎ C. a case enough big D. a case big enough ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题考查enough与形容词连用时的位置关系。当enough修饰形容词或副词时，enough应放在形容词、副词之后，故选A。‎ ‎24.—How did you find your visit to Disneyland?‎ ‎—I enjoyed it very much. It was _____ than I had expected.‎ A. far more interested B. far more interesting ‎ C. so interesting D. even more interested ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】interesting 一般用来修饰事物，interested 一般用来修饰人，可排除A、D。比较等级前可用much, a lot, any, a little, far等表示程度的副词来修饰。故选B。‎ ‎25.—George is a wise person .‎ ‎—But in my opinion , he is than wise .‎ A. cleverer B. braver C. more brave D. less brave ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】more…than…与其说……，倒不如说……，多用来对某一事物内部不同性质的比较。句意：与其说他聪明，倒不如说他勇敢。故选C。‎ ‎26.—Could we stay here for the night?‎ ‎—Sorry. I have ____ to hold you all.‎ A. too small a room B. very small a room C. a too small room D. such small a room ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题考查形容词与too连用时的特殊词序。当形容词与too，how, as, so连用时，词序是：too/how/as/too+形容词+a/an+名词。需要注意的是，该结构必须有冠词。B、D则应分别改为：a very small room; such a small room .故选A。‎ ‎27.The bicycles in the other shops will be _____but _____.‎ A. cheaper, not as good B. more cheap, not as better C. cheaper, not as better D. more cheap, not as good ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】本题可采用增元法或补全法来解题。把句子补全为：The bicycles in the other shops will be than the ones in this shop , but they won’t be _ as the ones in this shop. 很明显，答案为A。‎ ‎28.The finance minister is not very ______ now since he has raised taxes to a such a high level.‎ A. famous B. well-known C. popular D. favorable ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】因为财政部长把税收提高了那么高的水平，所以他不受欢迎。be popular 受欢迎。故选C。‎ ‎29.Jane was so for the news of her lost child that she was almost driven .‎ A. proper , madly B. thirsty , mad C. sad , madly D. curious , mad ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】孩子丢了，Jane当然非常想知道孩子的消息，以至于几乎要发疯。be thirsty for 渴望。 drive sb. mad 使某人发疯。故选B。‎ ‎30.It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, _____ if you don’t speak the language.‎ ‎ A. naturally B. basically C. unluckily D. especially ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎【解析】在国外非常不容易，尤其是如果你不会说该国的语言。故选D。‎ ‎31.We do meet now and then, but not ______.‎ A. freely B. commonly C. regularly D. presently ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】由now and then 可知并不经常、有规律。故选C。‎ ‎32.We all do more speaking , even when we have a break after class . ‎ A. now and then B. by and by C. step by step D. more or less ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】now and then 不时地，by and by 不久、马上，step by step 逐步地, more or less 几乎、差不多。句意：我们即使在班空时，也不时地进行练习。故选A。‎ ‎33.I thought horseback riding would be the sport for me until I fell down from the horse back .As you can imagine ,I haven’t been invited back .‎ A. later B. since C. after D. ever ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】自从我从马背上摔下来后，再也未参加骑马运动。since :adv 自从……以后。故选B。‎ ‎34.It’s widely known that first aid is important and you can save lives if the right action is taken.‎ A. terribly B. hardly C. scarcely D. rarely ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】terribly : 很，非常，hardly 几乎不，scarcely 仅仅、几乎不，rarely 不常。由句意知，急救是非常重要的。故选A。‎ ‎35.－If I’m not mistaken, your birthday is coming up. Has your brother sent you anything?‎ ‎－Not yet. He never forgets, _________.‎ A. since B. therefore C. so D. though ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】though : adv ,虽然如此，可是。本句语义环境为：虽然他还未给我礼物，但他从未忘过。故选D。‎ ‎36.The task is too much for me, so I can’t carry on ______any longer. I must get some help.‎ A. singly B. simply C. alone D. lonely ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：这项任务对我来说太重了，我再也不能单独自己做了，我必须找个助手。Singly各自的，一个一个地；simply简单的，仅仅，只不过；alone独立，单独；lonely孤独的，寂寞的。‎ ‎37.The plane flew smoothly ______ in the sky and people spoke ______ of the experienced pilot. ‎ A. high; high            B. highly; highly C. high; highly             D. highly; high ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】high in the sky 是个形容词短语，意为“高高地在天上”。同时，speak highly of 是个词组，表示“高度赞扬”的意思。‎ ‎38.Professor White has written some short stories, but he is _____ known for his plays. ‎ A. the best B. more C. better D. the most ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】此题首先不宜选B或D，因为 well known 的比较级和最高级通常是 better known和best known，有时也可以是 more well known 和 most well known，但通常不能是 more known 和 most known。至于是选A还是C，这就要看语境。由于句中涉及的只有 stories 和 plays 两个对象，故应选比较级。‎ ‎39.How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _____ voice.‎ A. a better B. a best C. the better D. the best ‎ ‎【答案】 A ‎【解析】容易误选D，认为最高级前要用定冠词。其实此题最佳答案为A，该句可视为“I have never heard a better voice than her voice ”之省略，全句句意为“她唱得多好啊！我从未听过她这么好的声音”。‎ ‎40.—Have your working conditions improved?‎ ‎—No, ______than before, I’m afraid.‎ A. no better B. a little batter C. not worse D. no worse ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】你们的工作条件改善了吗？---没有，和以前一样（不好）。no+比较级+ than 表示“两者同样不……的意思”。‎ ‎41.It is generally believed that teaching is ___________it is a science. ‎ A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】在同级比较as…as句式中，如果as后面的形容词作定语且其所修饰的名词前有不定冠词时，该冠词须置于形容词之后，即形成“as + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + as”结构。这道题在名词专题中也有解析，不同的是观察视角不同，应注意培养发散思维。‎ ‎42.The new airport is built close to the freeway , and it is ______ by Bus No. 2. ‎ A. accessible B. available C. alternative D. abundant ‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】accessible可接近的，可到达的；available可得到的；alternative可替代的；abundant丰富的。2路公交车可以到达那个新建的机场。‎ ‎43.Sometimes we buy a magazine with absolutely no purpose to pass time.‎ A. other than B. rather than C. as well D. as if ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：有时候我们买杂志除了消磨时间外，别无他意。other than除了；rather than而不是；as well也，还有；as if似乎。根据语意可知A项正确。‎ ‎44.Sorry. Somebody borrowed the book last week. but I’ll let you know once it is .‎ A. possible B. probable C. available D. punctual ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：对不起，上周有人把书借走了，但一旦有的话，我会让你知道。available可得到的，符合句意。‎ ‎45.He kept thinking of the question whether it was ________ for his father to change the habit of a life time in such a short time. ‎ A. possibly B. probable C. likely D. possible ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】分析句子结构可知，空格处应该是形容词，A项possibly是副词，先排除；C项likely常用于It is likely +to do／that从句或sb.／sth. be likely to do结构，但不用It is likely for sb. to do sth，也排除；B项probable不用于不定式的复合结构；从语意分析，父亲改变习惯的可能性很小，选possible符合语意。‎ ‎46.Boris has brains. In fact，I doubt whether anyone in the class has IQ.‎ A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】根据题干内容可知，这里是将Boris的智商与班级里其他同学的智商进行比较，因此应该用比较级，排除A、D两项；另外，这里是表泛指，因此用不定冠词，故B项正确。‎ ‎47.On snowy days, you have to drive very to avoid traffic accidents.‎ A. cautiously B. neatly C. smoothly D. properly ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：在下雪天，你必须谨慎驾车以避免交通事故。cautiously谨慎地；neatly整洁地；smoothly平滑地；properly适当地。‎ ‎48.The Olympic Games in Greece were the biggest ________sports events in the world.‎ A. alive B. live C. lively D. living ‎49.—The dish is delicious!‎ ‎—Well，at least it’s ________the one I cooked yesterday.‎ A. as bad as B. no worse than C. as well as D. so good as ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】由句意可知，此处指的是“至少今天做的菜不比昨天的差”。选项中no worse than意为“不比……差”；as bad as“与……一样糟”，与语境不符；as well as是副词短语，只能作状语，不能作表语；so good as只能用于否定句，不能用于肯定句。‎ ‎50.—Jim, are you this Saturday?‎ ‎—Oh, sorry. I need to go to the bookshop the bank on Saturday.‎ A. convenient; and B. convenient; as well as C. available; with D. available; as well as ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】convenient的主语不能为人，常用于it is convenient for／to sb.结构，先排除A和B两项。根据答语意思“既要去书店又要去银行”可知，第二空要用as well as。‎