人教版英语八年级下册U7

人教版英语八年级下册U7

Unit 7 What's the highest mountain in the world? What’s the high est mountain in the world? It’s ______________. Qomolangma Qomolangma is the high est mountain in the world. It’s 8844.43 meter s high . It’s ______________. What’s the long est river in the world? The Nile is the long est river in the world. It’s 6,671 kilometer s long . The Nile It’s __________________. The Caspian Sea The Caspian Sea is the big g est lake in the world. It is 1,025 meter s deep . What’s the big g est lake in the world? It’s _____________. What’s the big g est desert in the world? The Sahara is the big g est desert in the world. It is about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size . The Sahara Match the facts you know. Qomolangma about 9,600,000 square kilometers in size The Sahara 1,025 meter s deep The Caspian Sea 6,671 kilometers long The Nile 8,844.43 meters high 1a 1. 形容词比较级和最高级 比较级在词尾加 er 或词前加 more ; 最高级在词后加 est 或词前加 most 。 A 与 B 相比更 … A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B A 与 B 一样 … A + be + as + 形容词原级 + as + B A 是 … 中最 … A + be + the + 形容词最高级 + 范围 比较级前可用 much, a little, even, far 等修饰。 不规则变化 2. 数字表达法 英语中一千以上数字的表达方法是 从数字的右端向左端数起，每 三位数 加一个逗号。 从 右开始，第一个逗号前数字后加 thousand ，第二个逗号前数字后加 million ，第三个逗号前数字后加 billion， 然后一节一节分别表示。 2 648 16250064 5237166234 16, 250, 064 2 ,648 5, 237, 166, 234 3. 英语表示 “有多长 ( 宽，高 … )” 一般将 数词 和 数量单位 放在表示 长宽高 的 形容词 前作状语，即 数词 + 数量单位 ( meter s / kilometer s) + 长宽高 ( long , wide ,high ， …) … 米高（长，宽 …) 。 The wall is 1.7 meter s wide . 小数点读 point . Listen and complete the sentences. 1. Qomolangma is __________ than any other mountain in the world. 2. The Sahara is ____________ desert in the world. 3. The Caspian Sea is ____________ of all the salt lakes. 4. The Nile is __________river in the world. higher the biggest the deepest the longest 1b Use the information in 1b to make conversations. What is the highest mountain in the world? Qomolangma. 1c Listen and number the facts(1- 4) in the order you hear them. __ The Yangtze River is about ___ kilometers long and the Yellow River is ___ kilometers long. __ China has the biggest population in the world. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US. __ China is over___ years old. It has a much longer history than the US. The US is not even _____ years old. __ China is almost as big as the US, but it is the biggest country in Asia . 4 2 1 3 2a Listen again and fill in the blanks in 2a with the numbers in the box. 6,300 5,000 5,464 300 ___ The Yangtze River is about _______ kilometers long and the Yellow River is ______ kilometers long. ___ China has the biggest population in the world. It’s a lot bigger than the population of the US. 6,300 5,464 2b ___ China is over ______ years old. It has a much longer history than the US. The US is not even _____ years old. ___ China is almost as big as the US, but it is the biggest country in Asia . 5,000 300 6,300 5,000 5,464 300 population 1. 集合名词，常与 the 连用。作主语时 谓语用三单形式。 2. 表示人口多少用 large /big 和 small。 India has a large population. 3 . 问具体人口用 What’s the population of… What’s the population of Canada? population 4. 当被分数，百分数修饰的时候，谓语动词用复数。 About 60 percent of the population here are farmers. 5. 表示一个国家或地区有多少人口时用 （ 1 ） the population of… The population of China is about 1.3 billion (2) …have/has a population of … China has a population of about 1.3 billion. Make conversations using the information in 2a. A: Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? B: Yes, I did. it’s much older than my country. Practice 2c 中国的长城共有近一万公里，东起河北秦皇岛的山海关，西到嘉峪关，这是明代修筑长城的两个最大关口，北京境内的长城有 600 余公里，比较著名的有八达岭长城、金山岭长城、司马台长城、慕田峪长城、居庸关长城和箭扣长城等。 The Great Wall G: Feel free to ask me anything on today’s Great Wall tour . T1: How long is the wall? G: Ah, the most popular question! If we’re only talking about the parts from the Ming Dynasty , it’s about 8,850 kilometers long. This makes it the longest wall in the world. Role-play the conversation. 2d T2: Wow, that’s amazing ! Why did the ancient emperors build the wall? G: The main reason was to protect their part of the country. As you can see, it’s quite tall and wide . As far as I know , there are no man-made objects as big as this. T3: Is Badaling part of the Ming Great Wall? G: Yes, it’s the most famous part. 1953 年 5 月 29 日，英国登山队的新西兰人希拉里和夏尔巴人丹增 · 诺盖从南坡登顶，成为目前被认可的最早成功登上珠穆朗玛峰的人。 Edmund Hillary Tenzing Norgay 日本登山运动员。 1970 年她登上了海拔 7577 米的安纳布尔纳 Ⅳ 峰。 1975 年 5 月 16 日，她从东南山脊路线登上了海拔 8848 米的珠穆朗玛峰，是世界登山运动史上第 1 个踏上地球之巅的女性。 Junko Tabei 1 9 6 0 年中国登山队 首次登上珠穆朗玛峰。 在挑战最后的难点 — 海拔 8700 米至 8750 米 处的悬崖时，登山队 员刘连满毅然用自己的身体搭成“人梯”，让另外 的队员踩着自己的肩膀往上攀登，这也就是中国 登山界著名的“人梯精神”。 “人梯精神”使中国人 在世界登山史上第一次创造了从北坡征服珠峰的 历史壮举。 Read the article and match each paragraph with the main ideas. 3a Paragraph 1 Spirit of climbers Paragraph 2 Achievement s of climbers Paragraph 3 Facts and dangers Qomolangma — the Most Dangerous Mountain in the World? One of the world’s most dangerous sports is mountain climbing and one of the most popular places for this is the Himalayas. The Himalayas run along the southwestern part of China. Of all the mountains, Qomolangma rises the highest and is the most famous. It is 8,844.43 meters high and so is very dangerous to climb. Thick clouds cover the top and snow can fall very hard. Even more serious difficulties include freezing weather condition s and heavy storms. It is also very hard to take in air as you get near the top. The first people to reach the top were Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary on May 29, 1953. The first Chinese team did so in 1960, while the first woman to succeed was Junko Tabei from Japan in 1975. Why do so many climbers risk their lives ? One of the main reasons is because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. 1. succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 2. succeed with sth 在某方面获得成功 1. risk one’s life 冒生命危险 2. take the risk of doing sth 冒险做某事 The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. It also shows that humans can sometimes be stronger than the force s of nature . 动词，强迫 force sb to do sth = force sb into doing sth They forced him to leave the town. = They forced him into leaving the town. Match each paragraph with the main ideas. Paragraph 1 Spirit of climbers Paragraph 2 Achievement s of climbers Paragraph 3 Facts and dangers Read the article again and complete the chart. Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Pgs 1 ＆ 3 List four dangers for climbers. List three achievements List four comparisons thick clouds 1953—Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary were the first to reach the top most dangerous sport 3b Dangers Achievements Comparisons ● snow hard ● freezing weather conditions ● heavy storms ● 1960 -The first Chinese team reached the top. ● 1975 - Junko Tabei from Japan was the first woman to reach the top. ● stronger than the forces of nature ● very high ● most popular place ● highest ● more famous ● more serious difficulties Answer the questions using information from the article. 1. Where are the Himalayas? 2. How high is Qomolangma? In the southwestern part of China. It’s 8,844.43 meters high. 3c 3. Why do so many people try to climb this mountain even though it is dangerous? 4. What does the spirit of the climbers tell us? Because people want to challenge themselves in the face of difficulties. It tells us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. Grammar focus — What’s the highest mountain in the world? — Qomolangma. — How high is Qomolangma? — It’s 8,844.43 meters high. It’s higher than any other mountain. — Which is the deepest salt lake in the world? — The Caspian Sea is the deepest of all the salt lakes. — Did you know that China is one of the oldest countries in the world? — Yes, I did. It’s much older than the US. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box . big much popular long old high 1. The Amazon River is one of the _______ rivers in the world. It’s a little _______ than the Yangtze River. 2. Qomolangma is 8,844.43 meters _____. It’s one of the most ________ places for serious mountain climbers. longest longer high popular 4a 3. No ocean in the world is as _____ as the Pacific Ocean . 4. Although Japan is _______ than Canada, it is _______ smaller. big older much big much popular long old high Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box . 4a Write two comparisons about two topics. Write true facts . Two rivers: _________________ and _________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Yangtze River is almost as long as the Amazon River. The Amazon is longer than the Yangtze, but the Yangtze River is the longest river in China. the Yangtze River the Amazon River 4b Two cities: __________ and _________ 1. _______________________________. 2. _______________________________. Two animals: _________ and ________ 1. _______________________________. 2. _______________________________. Write five questions using comparisons. Then ask your partner your questions. 1. __________________________________ 2. __________________________________ 3. __________________________________ 4. __________________________________ 5. __________________________________ What is the highest building in our city? 4c What is the biggest park in our city? What is the longest river in our city? What is the cheapest shop in our city? What is the busiest station in our city? Compare facts about these two animals. Use the language in the box to help you make sentences. ● is 350 cm tall ● weigh s 5,000 kilos ● eats 150 kilos of food a day 1a ● is 150 cm tall (standing on two legs) ● weighs 100 kilos ● eats 10 kilos of food a day Example sentences: This elephant weighs many times more than this panda. (200 cm taller/shorter, weigh much more/less, eat much more/less, eat many times more) This panda is 200 cm shorter than this elephant. This elephant eats much more than this panda. 比较级表示倍数： 结构：“倍数 + 比较级 +than ” 表示：“ … 比 …( 大 / 小 / 长 / 短 …) 几倍” This box is three times bigger than that one. 这个盒子比那个盒子大三倍。 大熊猫的新生儿在出生时体重仅是它母亲体重的 0.1% ，平均为 145 克左右。 刚出生的大熊猫皮肤是粉红色的，带有稀疏的白毛。在 1 ～ 2 周后，长黑毛的地方开始变深。在一个月内，它们慢慢长出黑色的耳朵、眼眶、腿和肩带，变的更像妈妈了。当幼仔 6 ～ 8 周大时，它们可以睁眼了，并开始长牙；三个月后就可以慢慢的爬动了。 Listen and check( √ ) the numbers you hear. Listening ___100 ___16 ___20 ___50 ___120 ___0.1 ___0.2 ___150 √ √ √ √ √ 1b Listen again and complete the sentences . 1. At birth , a baby panda is about _____ to _____ kilos. 2. At birth, a baby panda is about _______ cm long. 3. A baby panda is not black. It is _______ and it has no ________. 4. A panda can live up to ____ to ____ years. 0.1 0.2 15 pink teeth 20 30 1c Take turns telling your classmates about pandas. Practice A: A baby panda cannot see. B: An adult panda weighs many times more than a baby panda. 1d Talk about pandas in your class. Use these words to help you. big, bamboo , zoo, popular, cute, black and white, Sichuan, famous, endangered , beautiful, forest, protect 2a Scanning This means moving your eyes quickly down the page to find specific information. 2b Scan the article to find out what these numbers mean. 10, 12, 200, 2000 It is 8:30 a.m. at the Chengdu Research Base . Lin Wei and the other panda keeper s are preparing the milk for the baby pandas’ breakfast. At 9:00 a.m., they find that most of the babies are already awake and hungry. When the babies see the keepers, they run over with excitement and some of them even walk into their friends and fall over ! “They’re so cute and lovely. I take care of them like they’re my own babies. I wash, feed and play with them every day. They’re very special to me.” Lin Wei loves her job, but it is a difficult one. Pandas do not have many babies, maybe only one every two years . The babies often die from illness es and do not live very long. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo. Many years ago, there were a lot more bamboo forests and pandas in China, but then humans started to cut down the forests. Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the remaining forests. Another 200 or so live in zoos or research centers in China and other countries. An education program in Chengdu teaches children in cities about pandas and other endangered animals. They send people to schools to tell children about the importance of saving these animals. The children sing songs or make artwork about pandas and other wild animals. Teaching children is one way to help save pandas. The Chinese government is also planting more bamboo trees so there will be more forests for pandas to live in. We all hope that in the future there will be a lot more pandas than now. 10: 12: 200: 2000: Adult pandas eat 10 kilos of bamboo a day. Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours eating a day. About 200 pandas live in zoos or research centers in China or other countries. Scientists say there are fewer than 2000 pandas living in the forests. What do these numbers mean? Scan the article again and write short answers to the questions. What is Lin Wei’s job? 2. What do the baby pandas eat for breakfast? 3. What do adult pandas eat? A panda keeper. Milk. Bamboo. 2c 4. Why are pandas endangered? 5. What is one way of saving pandas? Because humans started cutting down bamboo forests, causing pandas to have fewer places to live in and less food to eat. One way is to plant more bamboo trees so there will be more forests for pandas to live in. Complete the sentences using words and phrases from the passage. The panda __________ at the Chengdu Research Base are awake very early in the morning to ___________ breakfast for the baby pandas. keepers prepare 2. Adult pandas do not have babies very _______, and some of the babies only live for a short time because of ___________. often illnesses 2d 4. A special program in Chengdu teaches _______ about why pandas are __________ and how to save them. endangered 5. The __________________ is also helping to save the pandas. It is _________ more trees to make more homes for the pandas. Chinese government planting 3. Another reason for fewer and fewer pandas is because people are cutting down ______ so pandas have fewer places to live. forests children Discussion Discuss what other ways you think children can help to save the pandas. 2e 鲸是大型哺乳动物，最长可达 30 多米，最小 10 米。最大的有十六万公斤重，最小的也有 2000 公斤。它们视力差，听觉却十分灵敏，能感受超声波，靠回声定位来寻找食物、联系同伴或逃避敌害。鲸鱼浑身是宝，用途广泛。鲸须可以用来制作毛刷，肉可以吃，鲸油可以用来制作香水等。日本，澳大利亚等领海国家曾一度大量捕杀鲸鱼，使得鲸鱼在全球数量巨减。 whale Read the following words and phrases about whales. Put them in the correct place in the chart. ★ Humans catch whale s for meat, fat and oil ★ Eat small fish and other sea life ★ Jump high out of the water ★ Rules on whale protection ★ Huge ★ Water pollution 3a 1 2 3 4 5 6 ★ Live in the sea ★ Some kinds have teeth ★ Learn more about whales ★ Stop put ting rubbish into the sea ★ Sing songs ★ Whale parts sold to make things likes candles and soap 7 8 9 10 11 12 What do they look like ？ Where do they live? What do they eat? What can they do? Why do some of them have to be protected? How can we protect them? 5 8 7 2 3 11 1 6 12 4 9 10 Write a paragraph about whales and why they need to be protected. Use the information in 3a. Then make a poster. 3b Whales are… They live in… They eat… They can… One interesting fact is… Another interesting fact is… Some kinds of whales are in danger because… We should protect whales from… I think people should/shouldn’t… Self check 1. Complete the chart. Adjectives Comparatives Superlatives high dangerous long popular higher highest more dangerous the most dangerous longer longest more popular the most popular 2. Match verbs and objects. Then add one more object to each list. Verbs Objects 1. reach a. my life, my money,… 2. achieve b. the top of a mountain, the library,… 3. risk c. my dream, success,… 3. Circle the correct word and /or fill in the blank with the correct form of the word in brackets for each sentence. 1. An elephant weighs ( few / many ) times more than a dog. 2. An adult panda can eat ( much / a little ) more than a cat. 3. Canada is a ( little / lot ) less ___________ (crowded) than China. 4. A tiger is ( much / a little ) ____________ (strong) than a man. crowded stronger