2019届一轮复习译林版选修八Unit3Theworldofcoloursandlight单元学案设计（30页）

2019届一轮复习译林版选修八Unit3Theworldofcoloursandlight单元学案设计（30页）

‎2019届一轮复习译林版选修八Unit3 The world of colours and light单元学案设计 一、单词表词汇全查验——运用多媒体，提问默写词汇 Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)‎ ‎[第一屏听写]‎ ‎1．*mural n．　　　　　 壁画 ‎2．still life n. 静物画 ‎3．Spain n. 西班牙 ‎4．birthplace n. 出生地；发源地 ‎5．medium n. (艺术创作的)材料，形式；媒介，传媒 adj. 中等的 ‎6．*Cubism n. 立体主义，产体派 ‎7．acute adj. 锐角的；强烈的；(疾病)急性的；灵敏的；敏锐的　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　 　 　‎ ‎[第二屏听写]‎ ‎8．acute angle n．　　　　　 锐角 ‎9．cube n. 立方形，立方体 ‎10．rectangle n. 长方形，矩形 ‎11．helicopter n. 直升机 ‎12．tank n. 坦克；(储存液体或气体的)箱，槽，罐 ‎13．*Impressionism n. 印象主义，印象派 ‎14．shadow n. 阴影，影子；阴暗处 ‎15．*water lily n. 睡莲 ‎[第三屏听写]‎ ‎16．pond n．　　　　　　　 池塘 ‎17．*Impressionist Movement n. 印象主义运动 ‎18．oil painting n. 油画 ‎19．being n. 身心；存在；生物 ‎20．franc n. 法郎 ‎21．gallery n. 画廊，陈列室，展览馆 ‎22．changeable adj. 多变的，易变的 ‎23．ankle n. 踝，踝关节 ‎24．dormitory n. 集体宿舍　‎ ‎[第四屏听写]‎ ‎25．canal n．　　　　　　 运河；灌溉渠 ‎26．apron n. 围裙 ‎27．chef n. 厨师，(尤指)主厨，厨师长 ‎28．seaweed n. 海藻，海草 ‎29．onion n. 洋葱 ‎30．pineapple n. 菠萝 ‎31．eggplant n. 茄子 ‎32．seashell n. 海贝壳 ‎[第五屏听写]‎ ‎33．pillow n．　　　　　　 枕头 ‎34．aluminium n. 铝 ‎35．spray vt. 喷，喷洒，向……喷洒 n. 喷剂；喷雾；浪花 ‎36．paintbrush n. 画笔 ‎37．tin n. 罐子，罐头，罐装物；锡 ‎38．wrinkle vt.&vi. (使)起皱纹 n. 皱纹，皱褶，皱痕　‎ Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)‎ ‎[第六屏听写]‎ ‎1．abstract adj.　　　　　 抽象的 n. 摘要，概要 ‎2．architecture n. 建筑；建筑学 ‎3．output n. 产量，输出量；输出 ‎4．consensus n. 共识，一致的意见 ‎5．calculate vt.&vi. 计算；推测 ‎6．starry adj. 布满星星的；像星星的，明亮的 ‎7．commit vt.&vi. 全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证 ‎8．reward n. 回报，报酬，奖励 vt. 奖励，给以报酬 ‎[第七屏听写]‎ ‎9．agent n．　　　　　　 代理人，经纪人 ‎10．suite n. (旅馆)套房；一套家具 ‎11．accomodation n. 住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解 ‎12．passerby n. 路人，过路的人 ‎13．souvenir n. 纪念物，纪念品 ‎14．admission n. (机构、组织等的)准许加入，进入权；承认；入场费 ‎15．scenery n. 风景，景色，风光 ‎16．scholarship n. 奖学金 ‎[第八屏听写]‎ ‎17．cloth n．　　　　　　 布料，织物；(一块)布 ‎18．slice n. 薄片，切片 ‎19．disgusting adj. 令人不快的，令人厌恶的，令人愤慨的 ‎20．dip vt.&vi. 浸，蘸 ‎21．upwards_of 在……以上，大于，超过 ‎22．be_off_to 动身去……‎ ‎23．cut_up 切碎 ‎24．lay_out 布置，设计；铺开，展开 ‎25．cut_something_out_(of_something)‎ ‎ 剪出，剪下 ‎26．have_a_go_(at) 试一试 二、单元核心考点初热身——提供语境，单元考点自测回顾 ‎(一)分类识记单词——用时少·功效高 识记单词写对 Ⅰ.知其意(英译汉)‎ ‎1.gallery n．　　　　 画廊，陈列室 ‎2.birthplace n. 出生地；发源地 ‎3.shadow n. 阴影，影子；阴暗处 ‎4.dormitory n. 集体宿舍 ‎5.wrinkle vt. & vi. (使)起皱纹 n. 皱纹，皱褶 ‎6.acute adj.　　锐角的；强烈的；急性的，灵敏的 ‎7.being n. 身心；存在；生物 ‎8.ankle n. 踝，踝关节 ‎9.chef n．　厨师，(尤指)主厨，厨师长 ‎10.aluminium n. 铝 ‎11.spray vt. 喷，喷洒，向……喷洒 Ⅱ.写其形(汉译英)‎ ‎1.passerby n．　路人，过路的人 ‎2.souvenir n. 纪念物，纪念品 ‎3.output n. 产量，输出量；输出 ‎4.consensus n. 共识，一致的意见 ‎5.cloth n． 布料，织物；(一块)布 n. 喷剂；喷雾 核心单词练通 ‎1.They made 30 days' accommodations (膳宿) for us in the activity during the summer holiday.‎ ‎2.If you cannot make a commitment (承诺) for this length of time then a puppy is not for you.‎ ‎3.The interest is calculated (计算) daily and credited once a year, on 1 January.‎ ‎4.Current employment laws will be changed to reward (奖励) effort and punish laziness.‎ ‎5.After saying this, he dipped (蘸) his finger into the jar and put it into his mouth.‎ ‎6.What the professor said was all abstract (抽象的) and not concrete.‎ ‎7.John told me that he would like a suite (套房) with an ocean view.‎ ‎8.I like walking on the street. The scenery (景色) here is like a picture or painting.‎ 拓展单词用活 ‎[记全记牢]‎ ‎1.architecture n．建筑；建筑学→architect n．建筑师；设计师 ‎2.starry adj.布满星星的，像星星的；明亮的→star n．星星 ‎3.agent n．代理人，经纪人→agency n．代理机构 ‎4.changeable adj.多变的，易变的→change vt.改变 n．变化 ‎5.admission n．(机构、组织等的)准许加入，进入权；承认；入场费→admit vt.承认，准许进入，允许加入 ‎6.scholarship n．奖学金→scholar n．学者；奖学金获得者 ‎7.disgusting adj.令人不快的，令人厌恶的，令人愤慨的→disgust vt.使厌恶→disgusted adj.厌恶的 ‎[用准用活]‎ ‎1.It is obvious that we can't change the changeable weather. We have to adjust to it.(change)‎ ‎2.Tom applied for admission to the graduate program at Northwestern University but wasn't admitted into it at last.(admit)‎ ‎3.What the factory did disgusted people living here. The smell it let off was disgusting and I was disgusted at it.(disgust) ‎ ‎4.The building was designed by a famous architect.Its style of architecture belongs to Europe.(architect)‎ ‎5.To help the students go on further study, the scholar in that university decided to design a scholarship.(scholar) ‎ ‎6.I was busy, so I had to ask an agency to help me sell my old house. The agent there priced the house at the right level for the market and soon the house was sold.(agent)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.迷人的“景色”‎ ‎①scenery　　　自然风景 ‎②scene 场面；景色 ‎2.攻克后缀“ship”常用词 ‎①friendship　　　　友谊 ‎②scholarship 奖学金 ‎3.异样的“心情”‎ ‎①disgusted　　　　厌恶的 ‎②frightened 害怕的 ‎③view 景色 ‎④sight 景象；视野 ‎⑤landscape 风景；风景画 ‎⑥outlook 景色 ‎③leadership 领导地位 ‎④relationship 关系 ‎⑤hardship 苦难 ‎⑥workmanship 手艺；工艺 ‎③terrified 感到恐惧的 ‎④embarrassed 尴尬的 ‎⑤touched 感动的 ‎⑥disappointed 失望的 ‎⑦astonished 惊讶的 ‎(二)语段串记短语——不枯燥·兴趣高 先 写 对 再 用 准 第一组 ‎1.lay_out　　 布置，设计；铺开，展开 ‎2.cut_sth._out_(of_sth.) (从……)剪出，剪下 ‎3.in_addition 而且；另外 ‎4.make_a_reservation 预定 ‎5.so_far 到目前为止 ‎6.be_eager_to_do_sth. 渴望做某事 ‎7.instead_of 代替；而不是 ‎　　When we ①laid_out the car parks, we reckoned on one car per family. ②In_addition,_the price was taken into account. If you want a bigger car park for two cars, you need to ③make_a_reservation in advance.‎ 第二组 ‎1.cut_up　　 　切碎 ‎2.act_as 担任，充当 ‎3.put_on 上演；穿上 ‎4.build_up 增强；积累，增多 ‎5.come_on_the_market 上市，投入市场 ‎6.experiment_with_... 用……做试/实验 ‎7.range_from_...to_... 从……到……(变化)‎ ‎　　Before dress rehearsals, the teacher ①cut_up a watermelon and shared it out among his students, who would ②act_as characters in the play to be ③put_on next week.‎ 第三组 ‎1.find_out　　　　　找到，发现；查明，弄清 ‎2.have_a_go_(at) 试一试 ‎3.be_made_out_of 由……制成，用……制成 ‎4.be_typical_of 是……特有的；是典型的……‎ ‎5.upwards_of 在……以上，大于，超过 ‎6.be_off_to 动身去……‎ ‎　　No matter how difficult it is, he is determined to ①have_a_go_at the experiment to ②find_out whether the toy ③made_out_of plastic is nontoxic (无毒的).‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“have”相关常用短语 ‎①have a go (at)　　　试一试 ‎②have trouble (in) doing sth./with sth.‎ ‎ 做某事有困难 ‎③have sth. in common with ...‎ ‎ 与……有共同之处 ‎④have a word with sb. 与某人谈一谈 ‎⑤have words with sb. 和某人吵架 ‎⑥have a good command of　掌握；精通 ‎2.“v.＋with”短语速记 ‎①experiment with用……做试/实验 ‎②meet with 遇见，碰上 ‎③agree with 同意 ‎④associate with 与……交往 ‎⑤deal/do with 处理；对付 ‎⑥compete with 与……竞争 ‎⑦live with与……一起生活 ‎3.“make＋a＋n.”短语荟萃 ‎①make a reservation　 预定 ‎②make a difference 有影响，‎ 有区别 ‎③make a contribution 贡献 ‎④make a mistake 犯错误 ‎⑤make a noise 发出噪音 ‎(三)仿写用活句式——造佳句·表达高 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room.‎ 第二天早上，我们刚离开宿舍，就意识到我们把地图忘在房间里了。 ‎ hardly ...when ...意为“一……就……；刚……就……”，主句用过去完成时，when从句常用一般过去时。 当hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。 ‎ 他刚坐在桌旁，就开始向我们展示捏面人的基本技巧。(2015·北京高考满分作文)‎ Hardly_had he sat down at a table when he began to show us the basic skills of making dough figurines.‎ ‎2.Had you come with us, I guarantee you would have enjoyed Europe too.‎ 如果你和我们一起来的话，你也会喜欢欧洲的。 ‎ 虚拟条件句的倒装省略：在虚拟条件状语从句中，如有were, had或should，可将if省略，把were, had或should置于句首，从句中主谓用部分倒装。‎ 他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。‎ Had_he_seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.‎ ‎3.After his graduation, this project was exhibited in art galleries all over China, making him famous nationwide.‎ 现在分词短语作结果状语，表示自然而然、情理之中的结果，常置于句尾。 ‎ 因此，一些观众开始远离电影院，导致(经济)增长放缓。(2017·江苏高考满分作文) ‎ Consequently, some viewers ‎ 他毕业后，该项目在中国各地的美术馆中展出，这使他闻名全国。‎ began to turn away from cinemas, leading_to a slower growth.‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　You can have a go at making a pizza face without pencils ❶________ brushes. Use small slices of carrot or pieces of seaweed ❷________ hair, and lay them out in the style ❸________ you want. Cut up some tomatoes for eyes, pieces of cheese for ears, and a mushroom for a nose. Next make a smile from a slice of bacon. Now make the face, after which you can then cook and eat the pizza face.‎ ‎1.①处应填连词or。‎ ‎2.②处应填介词as。‎ ‎3.③处应填关系代词that/which。‎ ‎1.have a go (at)试一试 have a go at (doing) sth.　　　　 尝试(做)某事 have a go at sb. 指责某人，数落某人 at/in one go 一下子，一举，一口气 be on the go 十分活跃，非常忙碌 ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①He is sure to have_a_go_at_me for spending so much money.‎ 他肯定要数落我花了这么多钱。‎ ‎②With good preparations, he got his graduation thesis done at/in_one_go. ‎ 有很好的准备，他的毕业论文一气呵成。‎ ‎③Dick wanted to have_a_go_at_making the experiment. ‎ 迪克想再得到一次做实验的机会。‎ ‎[名师指津]　go作为名词，表示“尝试”时是可数名词，常加不定冠词，有时也用复数，其复数形式是goes；当表示“活力”时，为不可数名词，如：full of go“精力充沛”。‎ ‎2．lay out布置，设计；铺开，展开 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中lay out的含义 ‎①She laid out all her new clothes on the bed and chose the best one for the party.展开，铺开 ‎②We spent the whole morning laying out pictures for the magazine.设计 ‎③The gardens were laid out with lawns, flower beds and fountains.布置 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ lay sb. off　　　 裁员，解雇某人 lay down 放下；中断(工作)；制定(条例或原则)‎ lay sth. aside 把……放在一边；储存 ‎[应用领悟]‎ ‎①Three months ago, when my manager told me that I would be laid off, my mind went blank and my heart swelled with anger.‎ 三个月前，当经理告诉我将要下岗时，我大脑一片空白，满腔怒火。‎ ‎②Let's lay our differences aside and try to reach a compromise.‎ 让我们把不同意见放在一边，努力达成一个妥协吧。‎ ‎③Daniel finished the article and laid the newspaper down on his desk.‎ 丹尼尔看完文章后把报纸放在了他的书桌上。‎ ‎3．cut up切碎；使伤心，难过 ‎[归纳拓展]‎ ‎❶cut in　　　　　　　　　 插嘴，超车抢道 ‎❷cut across/through 抄近路穿过 ‎❸cut away 剪去，切除 ‎❹cut down on 削减，缩小 ‎❺cut off 切断；割掉 ‎❻cut sth. out (of ...) (从……)剪下某物 ‎❼cut down 削减；砍倒；缩短某物；降低 ‎[应用领悟]‎ ‎①Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.‎ 人们砍伐树木和铲除草皮也会导致沙漠的形成。‎ ‎②It is impolite for children to cut in when their seniors are talking.‎ 孩子们在他们的长辈谈话时插嘴讲话是不礼貌的。‎ ‎③I'd feel very cut off if I didn't know what was happening in the world.‎ 如果我不知道世界上发生了什么，我会感到与世隔绝。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　My little brother is naughty enough ❶________(think) out many unusual ways to carry out ❷________ he calls experiments, making him known all over the school. Once he poured petrol, castor oil and vinegar into a bottle. Then he dipped one of his fingers into the bottle, took it out quickly and sucked it in an attempt to find out how it tasted. Hardly had he put his ‎ ‎1.①处用所给词的适当形式填空to_think。‎ ‎2.②处应填连接词what。‎ ‎3.将③处画线句子升级为感叹句What_a_disgusting_smell！/How_disgusting_the_smell_was！。‎ finger into his mouth when he took it out immediately. ❸The_smell_was_disgusting.‎ ‎4．dip vt. & vi.浸，蘸；浏览 dip ...into ...　　　 把……浸入到……‎ dip ... in ... 把……浸入……中 dip into 把手伸进；浏览/翻阅(书、杂志等)‎ ‎[题点全练]　完成句子 ‎①She dipped_a_hand_into the jar of sweets and pulled one out. ‎ 她把手伸进糖果罐，摸出了一颗糖。 ‎ ‎②Thank you for the book. I'll dip_into it this evening.‎ 谢谢你给我这本书，今天晚上我要浏览一下。‎ ‎③At a primary school, I saw in one class a student dip_his/her_feet_in_ink and make a painting out of footprints.‎ 在一所小学里，我在一个班里看到有一个学生用脚蘸上墨水画了一幅脚印的画。‎ ‎5．现在分词(短语)作结果状语 ‎[教材原句]　After his graduation, this project was exhibited in art galleries all over China, making_him_famous_nationwide. ‎ 他毕业后，该项目在中国各地的美术馆中展出，这使他闻名全国。‎ ‎(1)现在分词作结果状语表示必然的或合乎逻辑的结果，常置于句尾，其前可以加thus。‎ ‎①The sun began to rise in the sky, bathing the mountain in golden light.‎ 天空中太阳开始升起，使山脉沐浴在金色的阳光中。‎ ‎(2)动词不定式有时也可以用作结果状语，但往往表示意料之外的结果，常被only或just修饰。‎ ‎②The man hurriedly returned home, only_to_find he had left his key in the office.‎ 这个人急急忙忙地回到家，结果发现他把钥匙落在办公室里了。‎ ‎[真题印证]‎ ‎③(2017·天津高考)The hospital has recently obtained new medical equipment, ________ more patients to be treated.‎ A．being allowed　　　　　　 B．allowing C．having allowed D．allowed 解析：选B　句意：这家医院最近得到一批新的医疗设备，这使更多的病人能够得到治疗。本空应用非谓语动词；动词allow与其逻辑主语(前面的整个句子)‎ 之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词作结果状语。‎ ‎6．hardly ... when ... “一……就……”‎ ‎[教材原句]　Hardly had we left the dormitory the next morning when we realized we had left our map in the room. ‎ 第二天早上，我们刚离开宿舍，就意识到我们把地图忘在房间里了。‎ ‎(1)hardly ... when ...意为“一……就……”，主句常用过去完成时，when 引导的从句常用一般过去时。当hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。‎ ‎(2)相同用法的句型还有：no sooner ... than ...和scarcely ... when ...。‎ ‎①I had_hardly/scarcely_finished my homework when my mother came_in.‎ 我刚做完功课，母亲就进来了。‎ ‎②He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.‎ ‎＝No sooner had_he_finished_his_speech_than the students started cheering.‎ ‎＝Hardly had_he_finished_his_speech_when the students started cheering.‎ 他刚完成演讲学生们就开始欢呼起来。‎ 考点新组合 阅读微技能 ‎　　During last summer vacation, I did a parttime job in a gallery, ❶________ they made 30 days' accommodations for me. There some classic works are so precious that it is hard to calculate what price they would fetch. ❷________(unfortunate), although those who created them committed their whole life to painting, they received little reward for their effort before they died. ❸________(真遗憾)！‎ ‎1.①处应填关系词where。‎ ‎2.②处用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎ Unfortunately。‎ ‎3.③处翻译句子What_a_pity。a ‎7．accommodation n．住处；住宿，膳宿；和解，调解 ‎(1)make/provide accommodations for 为……提供食宿 ‎(2)accommodate vt.　　　　　　 供应，供给；使适应；‎ ‎ 向……提供；容纳 accommodate to sth. 顺应/适应(新情况)‎ accommodate sb./oneself to sth. 使某人/自己适应某事 accommodate sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物 ‎[多角练透]‎ 介词填空 ‎①Her eyes took a while to accommodate to the darkness.‎ ‎②He will accommodate me with the use of his house while he is abroad.‎ 完成句子 ‎③The committee will offer free airport services and provide_accommodations_for the artists during the exhibition. ‎ 组委会将安排参展艺术家在展览活动期间的饮食和住宿，并提供接机等服务。 ‎ ‎④I know how to accommodate_myself_to new circumstances. ‎ 我知道怎样使自己适应新的环境。 ‎ ‎8. calculate vt. & vi.计算；推测 ‎(1)calculate that/whclause　　 计算……；预测……‎ calculate on/upon 依靠，依赖；估计 be calculated to do sth. 故意做/打算做/可能做某事 It is calculated that ... 据估算……‎ ‎(2)calculation n. 计算 ‎[多角练透]‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎①This advertisement is calculated to_attract (attract) the attention of housewives. ‎ ‎②Laboratory work needs not only accurate measurements but also correct calculation (calculate). ‎ 完成句子 ‎③Have_you_calculated_how_much the holiday will cost? ‎ 你算出假期将花多少钱了吗？ ‎ ‎④It_has_been_calculated_that at least 50,000 jobs were lost last year.‎ 据估算，去年至少失去了5万份工作。‎ ‎9．commit vt. & vi.全心全意投入；犯罪，犯错；承诺，保证 ‎(1)commit an error/a crime/suicide　 做错事/犯罪/自杀 commit oneself to (doing) sth.‎ ‎　　　　　 专心致志于；承诺/保证(做)某事 ‎(2)committed adj. 尽心尽力的；尽责的；效忠的；坚定的 be committed to (doing) sth.‎ ‎ 承诺/全身心地投入(做)某事 ‎(3)commitment n. 承诺，保证；花费；投入，忠于 make a commitment　　　　　　 作出承诺 ‎[多角练透]‎ 单项填空 ‎①________ to offering better services to the netusers, the company will provide them with all the information they need.‎ A．Being committed　　　　　 B．Having committed C．Committed D．Committing 解析：选C　句意：承诺给网络用户提供更好的服务，该公司给他们提供其所需的所有信息。be committed to (doing) sth.“承诺(做)某事”，此处作状语，故选C。‎ 用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎②I took the College Entrance Examination and committed myself to getting (get) into college.‎ ‎③They are looking for someone with a real sense of commitment (commit) to the job.‎ 完成句子 ‎④I have_never_committed_a_crime yet, and I am not going to begin. ‎ 我从来没有犯过罪，也不会去犯罪。‎ ‎⑤If you are serious about our relationship, you should make_a_commitment.‎ 如果你对我们的关系很认真，你就应该作出承诺。‎ ‎10．reward n．回报，报酬，奖励 vt.给以报酬，奖励 ‎(1)reward sb. with ...　　　　 用……报答/回报某人 reward sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事奖赏某人 ‎(2)in reward (for ...) 作为(对……的)报酬 as a reward for ... 作为对……的报酬 give/offer a reward to sb.for sth.‎ ‎ 为某事而给某人报酬 ‎(3)rewarding adj. 值得做的；报酬高的；‎ ‎ 有益的 ‎[多角练透]‎ 介词填空 ‎①Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.‎ ‎②She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.‎ 完成句子 ‎③The school rewarded_him_with_a_prize_for excellence in his studies.‎ 他因学习成绩优秀而受到学校的奖赏。‎ ‎④The owner has offered_a_reward_for the recovery of the stolen goods. ‎ 失主已经悬赏寻找被窃物品。‎ ‎[真题印证]‎ ‎⑤(2016·北京高考)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________ with success in the end.‎ A．rewarded B．were rewarded C．will reward D．will be rewarded 解析：选D　句意：学生们一直在努力学习功课，他们的付出最终会收获成功的。由前面的现在完成进行时可排除A、B两项；再由their efforts与reward之间是被动关系可排除C项，D项是一般将来时的被动语态，正确。be rewarded with ...“得到……回报”，可视为固定短语。‎ ‎[单元语基落实]‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．As the birthplace (出生地) of Lu Xun, Shaoxing holds great importance to many Chinese and has long been a famous tourist attraction.‎ ‎2．The children were having fun, chasing each other's shadows (影子)．‎ ‎3．Society should create a system of rewards (奖励) and punishments to encourage good behavior.‎ ‎4．The large drop in industrial output (产量) this year came as a big shock to the local government.‎ ‎5．Lucy has a(n) acute (敏锐的) eye for fashion, which makes her a very good shopping companion.‎ ‎6．It includes a roundtrip ticket, hotel accommodations (膳宿) and three meals each day.‎ ‎7．Steven's mother taught him music and often took him to concerts, art galleries (展览馆) and operas.‎ ‎8．Guilin is known throughout the world for its scenery (风景)．‎ ‎9．The boy who won the scholarship (奖学金) was a quite outstanding student.‎ ‎10．Each student dipped (蘸) a finger into the mixture, sucked it and made a face.‎ Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1．A ￡1,000 ________ has been offered for the return of the stolen painting.‎ A．award　　　　　　　　　 B．reward C．prize D．gift 解析：选B　句意：(丢失画的作者)已经提供1 000英镑作为报酬以找回被偷的画。award“奖品，奖金”； reward“报酬，奖金”； prize“奖金，奖品”； gift“礼物”。由句意可知选B项。‎ ‎2．Traditionally, Chinese people ________ the Chinese characters “Double Happiness” and stick them onto walls or doors for weddings.‎ A．cut out B．cut off C．cut up D．cut down 解析：选A　句意：按照传统，中国人为婚礼裁剪出“双喜”字样并将它们贴在墙上或门上。cut out“剪出，剪成”，符合语境。cut off“切断”；cut up“切碎”；cut down“减少”。‎ ‎3．Come on, ________！ You'll soon learn how to do it if you try.‎ A．have fun B．have a go C．have sale D．have to do 解析：选B　句意：加油，尝试一下！如果你试一下，你将很快学会做它。have fun“玩得愉快”； have a go“尝试”； have sale“廉价出售”； have to do“不得不做”。根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎4．Over 80,000 people competed in the race, ________ it the biggest sporting event in the area.‎ A．having made B．to make C．made D．making 解析：选D　句意：八万多人参加了比赛，使它成为了该地区最大的体育赛事。此处为结果状语，make与其逻辑主语之间构成主动关系，故选D。‎ ‎5．(2018·苏北四市模拟)—How do you like the book I recommended?‎ ‎—I have only been able to ________ the first few pages as yet. I hope soon to be able to read it seriously.‎ A.figure out B．dip into C．get across D．do with 解析：选B　答句句意：我只翻阅了前几页。不久以后我想我会深入阅读。figure out“解决，算出，想出”；dip into“稍加研究，翻阅，浏览”；get across“通过，使……被理解”；do with“处理”。由句意可知选B。‎ ‎6．Someone has upset the photographs I ________ so carefully, which makes me quite angry.‎ A．laid off B．laid out C．laid down D．laid aside 解析：选B　句意：有人弄乱了我精心布置的照片，这让我非常生气。lay off“裁员，解雇”；lay out“布置，设计”；lay down“放下”；lay aside“把……放在一边”。由photographs可知此处为“布置”，选B。‎ ‎7．To his sadness, he ________ his gains and losses of money and the result was a minus.‎ A．calculated B．considered C．completed D．controlled 解析：选A　句意：令他难过的是，他计算了收益和亏损，所得结果是个负数。根据句意可知，此处表示“计算，核算”，应选择calculated。consider“考虑”；complete“完成”；control“控制”。‎ ‎8．(2018·无锡模拟) —Have you heard that Jack has been promoted to be sales manager recently?‎ ‎—It's nothing to be surprised at. The reason why he has won the trust of customers is that he has a(n) ________ attitude.‎ A．changeable B．flexible C．movable D．alternate 解析：选B　答句句意：一点也不惊讶。他赢得顾客信任的原因是他态度灵活。changeable“可变的”；flexible“灵活的”；movable“可移动的”；alternate“交替的”。由句意可知选B。‎ ‎9．After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide ________ for the homeless families.‎ A．accommodation B．occupation C．equipment D．furniture 解析：选A　句意：地震之后，当地政府首先做的事情就是为无家可归的家庭提供住所。既然是“无家可归”，所以要解决的应该是“住所”，故选accommodation“住宿，住所”。occupation“占有，职业”；equipment“设备”；furniture“家具”。‎ ‎10．(2018·泰州高三调研)Hardly ________ the railway station when the train arrived yesterday.‎ A．we had reached B．we have reached C．did we reach D．had we reached 解析：选D　具有否定意义的词或短语置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。hardly ... when ... “一……就……”。hardly位于句首时，主句用部分倒装，when引导的从句不用倒装；主句动作发生在从句动作之前，从句用过去时，主句用过去完成时，故D项正确。‎ Ⅲ. 翻译句子 ‎1．作为一名新闻记者，我致力于诚实和准确。(be committed to)‎ As_a_newspaper_reporter_I_am_committed_to_honesty_and_accuracy. ‎ ‎2．她跑到火车站，但火车却开走了。(only to do)‎ She_ran_to_the_station_only_to_find_that_the_train_had_left. ‎ ‎3．据估计，损失超过了一百万美元。 (calculate)‎ It_is_calculated_that_the_loss_was_over_one_million_dollars._‎ ‎4．我去过颐和园，汤姆也去过。(so＋助动词＋主语)‎ I_have_been_to_the_Summer_Palace,_and_so_has_Tom.‎ ‎5．正是多年艰苦的工作才造就了他今天的成功。(强调句)‎ It_is_years_of_hard_work_that_has_made_him_successful_today.‎ Ⅳ.课文段落大意概括 阅读本单元Reading部分，试着以约30个词概括第一、二段(P34，L1－12)总的段落大意。‎ I，together with my aunt and grandmother, had a trip started in Spain where Picasso was born.Learning from the museum near his birthplace, I had a better knowledge of him and his work, especially that of Cubism.‎ ‎[高考提能训练] ‎ 检测评价A卷 Ⅰ.单项填空 ‎1．—How can we adapt to a ________ society?‎ ‎—By constant study and changing our ideas.‎ A．movable B．changeable C．alternate D．suitable 解析：选B　句意：“我们怎样才能适应一个多变的社会呢？”“通过不断的学习并改变我们的想法。”movable“可移动的”；changeable“多变的”；alternate“交替的”；suitable“适合的”。由答句可知选B。‎ ‎2．The local government was determined to develop education energetically at the end of last century and now it is ________ with an economic boom.‎ A．provided B．offered C．rewarded D．returned 解析：选C　句意：上世纪末，当地政府大力发展教育事业，换来了经济的迅猛发展。reward sb.with sth.为习惯搭配，意为“用某物来报答某人”。‎ ‎3．My family were moving to the countryside and I had to make some ________ and learn to lead a different life there.‎ A．allowance B．accommodation C．adjustments D．assessment 解析：选C　句意：我的家搬到了乡下，我必须做一些调整并学会在那里过一种不同的生活。A项意为“津贴；允许”；B项意为“住处”；C项意为“调整，调节”；D项意为“估价，评估”。根据题意选C，“做一些调整”。 ‎ ‎4．Life affords no higher pleasure than that of overcoming difficulties, ________ from one step of success to another.‎ A．to pass B．having passed C．passed D．passing 解析：选D　句意：人生没有比克服困难更快乐的事，从成功的一步到另一步。现在分词短语passing用作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。‎ ‎5．—Mrs.Wang looks very worried.________？‎ ‎—She is anxious that the sandstorm will affect her son's health.‎ A．What's up B．What's on C．So what D．Why not 解析：选A　句意：“王夫人看上去忧心忡忡。怎么了？”“‎ 她担心沙尘暴会影响她儿子的健康。”What's up“怎么了；发生了什么事”。 ‎ ‎6．I ________ up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I ________ to give you a surprise.‎ A．have come; hoped B．have been coming; has hoped C．have come; was hoping D．have been coming; was hoping 解析：选D　句意：我现在来这儿已经好几周了；你看我本希望给你个惊喜。由“for weeks now”可知是动作从过去到现在一直在进行，应用现在完成进行时，第二空是表示本希望，用过去进行时。选D项。‎ ‎7．Thank you for the book. I'll ________ it this evening. I'll return to you tomorrow morning.‎ A．dip into B．come into ‎ C．go into D．put into 解析：选A　句意：谢谢你给我这本书，今天晚上我要浏览一下，明早还你。dip into“浏览，翻阅一下”，符合句意。come into“进入”；go into“走进”；put into“放入”。 ‎ ‎8．Addiction to tobacco is both physical and psychological. Every smoker knows how difficult it is to stop smoking or even ________.‎ A．cut in B．cut down C．cut out D．cut up 解析：选B　句意：烟瘾既是身体方面的又是心理方面的，每个吸烟的人都知道戒烟甚至减量有多么难。cut in“插嘴，打断别人说话”；cut down“砍倒，缩减”；cut out“割掉，剪下”；cut up“把……切成小块”。由句意可知选B。‎ ‎9．It is not until he returned to his hometown ________ the great changes that had happened.‎ A．did he find B．that did he find C．that he found D．found he that 解析：选C　句意：直到回到家乡他才发现家乡发生了巨大的变化。分析句子结构可知，此处为not until的强调句式，故C项正确。‎ ‎10．I don't become a serious climber until the fifth grade, ________ I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree.‎ A．when B．where C．which D．why 解析：选A　句意：直到五年级我才成为一个很认真的攀登者，在那时我登高去拿一个卡在树枝上的风筝。故A正确。本题定语从句的先行词是the fifth grade，后面定语从句I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree 中主谓宾句子结构很完整，所以使用副词来引导定语从句，因为先行词是一个表示时间的名词，所以使用when 来引导这个定语从句。‎ ‎11．We welcome you to use this area for your baby buggy (童车). However, ________ a wheelchair user board the bus，you are not supposed to use this special area.‎ A．would B．might C．should D．could 解析：选C　句意：我们欢迎你使用这一区域停放你的童车。然而万一轮椅使用者要上公共汽车，你就不应该再使用这一特殊区域。本题为if引导的非真实条件句对将来情况虚拟。当从句中省略if时需要部分倒装，即if a wheelchair user should board the bus, should 意为“万一，应该，竟然”。‎ ‎12．(2018·苏州模拟)________ you recognize an idiom when it is being used, it is easy to misunderstand what you read or hear spoken.‎ A．Although B．Because C．Unless D．While 解析：选C　句意：除非你能识别习语的运用，否则你很容易误解所读的或听到的内容。unless引导条件状语从句，意为“除非，如果不”。‎ ‎13．—I've sold my first painting!‎ ‎—This is really ________！ Someone actually thinks your painting fantastic.‎ A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something 解析：选D　句意：“我把我的第一幅画卖了。”“真的很棒！实际上，有人认为你的画很不可思议。”this is something“太好了”。‎ ‎14．He is famous ________his being on time, so we don't know the reason ________ his being late this time.‎ A．for; of B．as; for C．for; for D．of; of 解析：选C　句意：他因守时而出名，因此我们不知道这次他迟到的原因。be famous for “因……而出名”；the reason for“……的原因”。‎ ‎15．(2018·苏北四市模拟) We believe there is no independent scientific evidence that any Internet dating site is beneficial to matching people together, ________？‎ A．is there B．do we C．don't we D．isn't there 解析：选A　句意：我们认为不存在独立客观的科学证据可以证明婚恋网站有利于帮助单身人士找到匹配的人选，不是吗？在反意疑问句主句是I think, I believe, I suppose, I expect, I imagine ‎ 等结构时，疑问部分的主语和谓语动词应与宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致。陈述部分用否定词或半否定词no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little 等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定形式。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 The first time I left my mother, I was five years old. She told me I couldn't go out to play __1__ I picked up my toys. Who could put up with such __2__？ “I'm running away，” I announced. “Oh, dear, I'll __3__ you. But if you really want to __4__， I guess I shouldn't stop you.” Mother got my red coat from the cupboard and __5__ my white gloves in a pocket. She walked me to the __6__， kissed me goodbye, and __7__ the door behind me. Off I went. As I __8__ the house next door, my footsteps __9__. It struck me for the first time that I had no __10__ where I was headed, and after a moment, I turned around. __11__ on our front steps, I began to consider my immediate __12__. But as the afternoon wore on, I didn't __13__ from my place.‎ Mrs. Ford, our neighbor, took out her rubbish and called, “Hi, honey! How are you doing？” ‎ ‎“I'm __14__ ，” I said, and my lips started to tremble.‎ ‎“You are? Well, I won't __15__ you then，” she said, and went back inside.‎ As darkness fell, I decided to be __16__. I knocked on the door, and when Mother opened it, I walked past her. “I'm giving you another __17__，” I said, as she enveloped me in a warm hug. I __18__ ran away again.‎ But I __19__， and that's different. When I left for college, Mother waved until my train pulled out of sight. When I got to the college, I found a __20__ she had hidden among my sweaters that read, “We're so proud of you！”‎ 语篇解读：文章讲了小时候作者有一次故意气妈妈的“离家出走”的故事，末尾提到作者上大学离开家妈妈对作者的不舍之情。‎ ‎1．A.until　　　　　　　　　 B．though C．when D．if 解析：选A　句意：直到我捡起我的玩具，我才可以出去玩。until“直到”；though“虽然”；when“何时”；if“如果”。‎ ‎2．A.an experiment B．instruction C．treatment D．a standard 解析：选C　句意：谁能够忍受这样的对待。an experiment“一个实验”；instruction“指导”；treatment“治疗，对待”；a standard“标准”。‎ ‎3．A.envy B．beg C．keep D．miss 解析：选D　根据下文“But if you really want to ________， I guess I shouldn't stop you.”可知“我会想念你的”。envy“嫉妒”；beg“乞求”；keep“保持”；miss“失去；想念”。‎ ‎4．A.sleep B．change C．study D．go 解析：选D　根据“Oh, dear, I'll ________ you.”可知“如果你真的想走的话我想我不会阻止你”。sleep“睡觉”；change“改变”；study“学习”；go“去”。‎ ‎5．A.removed B．put C．wore D．reached 解析：选B　句意：把我白色的手套放在口袋里。remove“消除”；put“放置”；wear“穿”；reach“到达”。‎ ‎6．A.highway B．station C．door D．bedroom 解析：选C　根据下文可知妈妈把“我”送到了门口。highway“公路”；station“站台”；door“门口”；bedroom“卧室”。‎ ‎7．A.answered B．closed C．blocked D．fixed 解析：选B　根据“kissed me goodbye”可知妈妈是和“我”道别，道完别是关门。answer“回答”；close“关闭”；block“阻碍”；fix“固定”。‎ ‎8．A.passed B．entered C．visited D．noticed 解析：选A　句意：当我走过了邻居的房子。pass the house“走过一间房子”。pass“通过”；enter“进入”；visit“拜访”；notice“注意”。‎ ‎9．A.followed B．sounded C．slowed down D．went on 解析：选C　根据“and after a moment, I turned around”可知“我”的脚步慢了下来。follow“跟随”；sound“听起来”；slow down“慢下来”；go on“继续”。‎ ‎10．A.feeling B．doubt C．idea D．hope 解析：选C　句意：我不知道我要去哪里。feeling“感觉”；doubt“疑惑”；idea“观点”；hope“希望”。‎ ‎11．A.Reading B．Sitting C．Smiling D．Playing 解析：选B　句意：我在我们家的门前坐着。read“阅读”；sit“坐”；smile“微笑”；play“玩耍”。其他选项均不符合上文语境，选B。‎ ‎12．A.safety B．neighbor C．future D．reply 解析：选C　句意：我在思考我接下来要干什么。immediate future 指接下来要干什么，选 C。safety“安全”；neighbor“邻居”；future“未来”；reply“回复”。‎ ‎13．A.show B．move C．hear D．start 解析：选B　句意：但是我从早上思考到下午，也没有从我坐的地方挪动过一步。show“展示”；move“移动”；hear“听见”；start“开始”。故选B。‎ ‎14．A.running away B．going home C．growing up D．giving up 解析：选A　根据上文邻居问“我”在干什么可知，“我”回答“我”在离家出走，故选A。run away“离家出走”；go home“回家”；grow up“成长”；give up“放弃”。‎ ‎15．A.comfort B．believe C．trust D．disturb 解析：选D　根据“went back inside”可知她表示不会打扰“我”离家出走，就进屋里去了。comfort“安慰”；believe“相信”；trust“信任”；disturb“打扰”。‎ ‎16．A.happy B．honest C．watchful D．generous 解析：选D　句意：我准备给我妈妈一个机会，让我原谅她，这是我觉得我很大方的地方。happy“快乐”；honest“诚实”；watchful“警觉的”；generous“慷慨，大方”。‎ ‎17．A.lesson B．surprise C．chance D．excuse 解析：选C　句意：我决定大方一点，给妈妈一个道歉的机会。lesson“课”；surprise“惊喜”；chance“机会”；excuse“借口”。‎ ‎18．A.seldom B．never C．almost D．just 解析：选B　句意：妈妈给了我一个大大的拥抱，我再也没有离家出走过。seldom“很少”；never“从未”；almost“几乎”；just“刚刚”。‎ ‎19．A.tired B．learned C．stayed D．left 解析：选D　句意：但是我确实离开了，但不是离家出走。tire“劳累”；learn“学习”；stay“停留”；leave“离开”。‎ ‎20．A.book B．note C．diary D．check 解析：选B　句意：我在她给我织的毛衣里发现了小纸条。book“书本”；note“便条”；diary“日记”；check“检查”。‎ Ⅲ.任务型阅读 One day, when I was a freshman in high school, I saw a kid from my class walking home from school. His name was Kyle. It looked like he was carrying all of his books.‎ As I was walking, I saw a bunch of kids running toward him. They ran at him, knocking all his books out of his arms and tripping him so he landed in the dirt. His glasses went flying, and I saw them land in the grass about ten feet from him. He looked up and I saw this terrible sadness in his eyes.‎ My heart went out to him. So, I jogged over to him, and as he crawled around looking for his glasses, I saw tears in his eyes. I handed him his glasses and he looked at me and said, “Hey, thanks！” There was a big smile on his face. It was one of those smiles that showed real gratitude. I helped him pick up his books, and asked him where he lived. It turned out he lived near me, so I asked him why I had never seen him before. He said he had gone to private school before coming to this school.‎ We talked all the way home, and I carried his books. He turned out to be a pretty cool kid. I asked him if he wanted to play football on Saturday with me and my friends. He said yes. We hung all weekend and the more I got to know Kyle, the more I liked him. Over the next four years, Kyle and I became best friends.‎ Graduation day arrived — I saw Kyle and he looked great. Boy, sometimes I was jealous. Today was one of those days. I could see that he was nervous about his speech. So, I patted him on the back and said, “Hey, big guy, you'll be great！”‎ He looked at me with one of those looks. “Thanks，” he said. As he started his speech, he cleared his throat, and began. “Graduation is a time to thank those who helped you make it through those tough years, your parents, your teachers, your siblings, maybe a coach ... but mostly your friends. I am here to tell all of you that being a friend to someone is the best gift you can give them. I am going to tell you a story.”‎ I stared at my friend in disbelief as he told the story of the first day we met. He had planned to kill himself over the weekend. He talked of how he had cleaned out his locker so his mom wouldn't have to do it later and was carrying his stuff home. He looked hard at me and gave me a little smile. “Thankfully, I was saved. My friend saved me from doing the unspeakable.”‎ I heard the gasp go through the crowd as this handsome, popular boy told us all about his weakest moment. I saw his mom and dad looking at me and smiling that same grateful smile. Not until that moment did I realize its depth.‎ Never underestimate the power of your actions. With one small gesture you can change a person's life. For better or for worse. God puts us all in each other's lives to impact one another in some way. Look for God in others.‎ ‎“Friends are angels who lift us to our feet when our wings have trouble remembering how to fly.”‎ The Power of Actions Beginning of the ‎(1)________times of Kyle ‎•Being (2)________ by some kids ‎ story ‎•Considering committing　 (3)________‎ Help from the writer ‎•Picking up books and (4)______him home ‎•Having (5)________by playing football ‎(6)________‎ of friendship ‎•Feeling nervous before the speech ‎•(7)________ him by patting him on the back Conclusion ‎ ‎(8)　　　　‎ ‎•Power of one's actions: One small gesture may have an (9)________ on a person's life ‎•Understanding of friends: Friends are ‎ ‎(10)________ to angels that help us fly 答案：1.Terrible/Bad/Hard/Weak/Difficult/Tough ‎2．hurt　3.suicide/selfmurder　4.walking/accompanying/escorting ‎5．fun　6.Mature/Development/Enhancement/Promotion ‎7．Encouraging/Embracing　8.drawn ‎9．effect/influence/impact　10.similar/equal 检测评价B卷 阅读理解 A Dive with Big Sharks Our shark dive adventures make use of hookah systems and shark cages. A hookah system is a system of providing air from the surface to divers down below. Cage divers breathe by using a regulator connected to an air hose.‎ Is Shark Diving Dangerous?‎ Yes. You could get sunburn. You could hit your head on the top bunk getting out of bed. You could fall overboard. As for a shark attack, according to the International Shark Attack File, you are far more likely to be killed by a dog or a deer.‎ One Day Cage Diver Adventure —＄875‎ Our expert shark diver team will accompany you to the best viewing areas within the Marine Sanctuary. There, we'll drop our cage and prepare to provide you with a view you'll never forget.‎ No dive experience is necessary. Our cages sit just below the surface. You'll be able to breathe comfortably from your snorkel or air hose while you move about the cage, taking photos and having fun.‎ Top Shark Adventure —＄375‎ If you want to see great white sharks but prefer them a little further away, we offer great topside shark viewing from our observation deck (甲板). Help scan the horizon for fins and watch for ‎ sharks attacking their prey (猎物)．‎ There's No Shark Guarantee Although we go to the best places at the best time of year, we cannot guarantee you'll see sharks. We've been very successful in past shark seasons and expect another incredible year. However, if we see no sharks, there is no refund (退款)．‎ 语篇解读：本文是一则广告，主要介绍两种类型的鲨鱼潜水探险(潜水员笼内探险和顶级鲨鱼探险)，包括价格、探险细节、费用和注意事项。‎ ‎1．Which of the following is TRUE about the two adventures?‎ A．Top Shark Adventure makes use of hookah systems.‎ B．Top Shark Adventure is suitable for those worried about danger.‎ C．Cage Diver Adventure is less interesting than the other.‎ D．Cage Diver Adventure offers you a view of the bottom of the sea.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据文中细节可知，笼内探险看到的是海洋保护区，选项D错误；笼内探险提供的是永远都不会忘记的景色，因此选项C错误。顶级鲨鱼探险是在甲板上，相对安全，选项B正确；同时它不需要hookah systems(水烟系统)，因此选项A错误。‎ ‎2．We can learn from the advertisement that there might be a risk that ________.‎ A．you are hurt by a shark while diving there B．you are out of breath deep down in the sea C．you fail to achieve your purpose of the trip D．you suffer from lack of skill in shark diving 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第六段第一、二句可知，探险不保证一定可以看到鲨鱼，也就意味着探险者不一定能够实现探险的目的。‎ B Grant Wood's American Gothic is a painting that's puzzled generations who've stopped to wonder at the real meaning behind it. We all know it: a seriouslooking couple in front of their gothicarched wooden house — in a style called Carpenter's Gothic, for which the painting is named.‎ It was painted in 1930, when US artists were inspired to paint realist scenes of rural America during the Depression in a style that became known as Regionalism.‎ The couple are identified either as a farmer and his wife, or as a daughter with her unsmiling and overprotective father. Wood's sister, Nan, who posed for the picture, always insisted the two were father and daughter, perhaps finding the age gap too improper. The relationship has always remained interestingly conflicting.‎ Unlike her elder companion's fixed stare, the woman glances off to the side. Her expression is ‎ actually difficult to determine. She looks sorrowful, or perhaps uncomfortable, though her straitlaced primness (拘谨保守的古板) is weakened by an escaping coil of hair at the back of her neck. As if holding guard against those anticipated intruders (侵入者) —probably, protecting his daughterwife's virtue, though she doesn't seem particularly happy about it — the man holds a pitchfork in a soldierlike fashion. And that is what lends the work its uneasy (不协调的) comedy. Everything about it is an artful setup.‎ First of all, Nan never actually posed with the man in the picture, nor are they in any way related. Wood had spotted the house during a drive to the town of Eldon in Iowa. It immediately gave him an idea. “That idea was to find two people who, by their straitlaced characters, would be suitable for such a home，” he later explained. The couple were actually painted separately, and neither sitter was painted in front of the house. The farmer, as you might have already guessed, isn't actually a farmer, but a certain Dr Bryon McKeeby, a wealthy dentist from Cedar Rapids, where Wood lived with his mother and sister. The couple's clothing too has been carefully handpicked by the artist.‎ In addition, both their faces, Nan's in particular, have been thinned and lengthened, as has the famous gothic window and roof. And, if you look carefully, you might even detect something funereal about the scene, beyond the tombstone features of the couple. It's suggested by the woman's primly buttoned black dress, and in the man's smart black overcoat.‎ Some thought the work mercilessly laughed at the lifestyle in the Midwest. Meanwhile, some critics praised the painting as a cutting smalltown satire (讽刺). Still others saw the painting as honoring the Midwest and its strong values.‎ Regarding the painting's comic tone, Wood himself gave contradictory accounts. “There is satire in it，” he once said, “but only as there is satire in any realistic statement.” Perhaps it is this ambiguity that has made the painting the most symbolic in US history.‎ 语篇解读：本文介绍了格兰特·伍德的油画《美国哥特式》的相关信息以及对画作真相的解释和看法。‎ ‎3．What is uncertain about American Gothic?‎ A．The identity of the models.‎ B．The characters' relationship.‎ C．How the painting got its name.‎ D．Where the background house was.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段的最后一句可知，关于《美国哥特式》这幅画不确定的是其中的人物关系。故选项B符合题意。‎ ‎4．What indicates the woman's straitlaced primness?‎ A．Her glancing off to the side.‎ B．Her carefully buttoned black dress.‎ C．The determination in her expression.‎ D．The escaping coil of hair at the back of her neck.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第六段的最后一句可知，这位女士的拘谨的扣上扣子的黑裙子暗示了她的拘谨保守的古板性格。‎ ‎5．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?‎ A．Ambiguity is an essential part of any good painting.‎ B．It is beyond doubt that the painting has a comic tone.‎ C．The statement that Wood himself gave clarifies nothing.‎ D．American Gothic is the most controversial in US history.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，伍德自己的陈述模棱两可，没有阐明任何事情。故选项C正确。‎ C ‎(2018·徐州质检)Famous people have a lot of influence on cultural trends, like it or not. However, one trend that seems harmless but is actually damaging, is the pressure on stars to have their photos taken with exotic (奇异的) animals. Famous people who are asked to have photos taken with wild animals for a magazine spread or who do so while on vacation always have good intentions and even love animals. This makes them easy targets for the often greedy amusement parks and illegal animal centers. Kind people are naturally drawn to places that claim (声称) to offer exotic animals safety and are eager to see elephants paint, to hug baby bears or to swim with dolphins. However, it turns out that many of these business persons are breeders (饲养动物者), dealers or exhibitors that are using famous people's goodwill for their own purposes.‎ Many business persons continually keep the animals just so they'll have a constant supply of young animals in order to charge money for photos. Of course, the babies are lovely but they grow fast, and within a few weeks they are too big to handle. They'll spend the rest of their lives, sometimes decades, in small and empty cages or even be killed.‎ In some Asian countries, elephants are kept in camps. A few camps are working to help elephants in trouble, but the vast majority are not, and training methods are barbaric (野蛮的) and cruel. As soon as the cameras are gone after someone like Prince William has a photo taken with an elephant, the chains go back on.‎ Fans, tell the stars: stay away from exotic animal photos, and the animals will be grateful.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章列举名人与奇异动物拍照这一现象可能带来的后果，例如众人争相模仿，这会给饲养动物者带来更多利润，但会导致很多动物陷入困境。因此，作者呼吁明星们不要再与奇异动物拍照。‎ ‎6．What does the author intend to do with this passage?‎ A．To show how stars influence cultural trends.‎ B．To urge governments to look into illegal animal centers.‎ C．To persuade stars not to have photos taken with exotic animals.‎ D．To remind people to think about how to treat wild animals kindly.‎ 解析：选C　写作意图题。根据最后一段及上文的叙述可知，作者通过列举名人与奇异动物合照这一行为给动物造成的危害来说服明星们停止这一行为。故选C。‎ ‎7．According to the passage we can learn that many business persons ________.‎ A．make a great effort to provide safety for animals B．take advantage of stars' good intentions to make profits C．aim to offer good chances for people to get close to animals D．expect there to be little competition as exotic animals are rare 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句及第二段的叙述可知，许多生意人利用明星们的善意来达成自己的目的，借人们与动物合照来谋利。故选B。‎ ‎8．Why do many business persons continually keep young animals?‎ A．They expect to exchange them for money at the market.‎ B．They intend to increase the number of endangered animals.‎ C．They can rescue more animals and get them out of trouble.‎ D．They want to make sure of having enough of them for photos.‎ 解析：选D　细节理解题。根据第二段第一、二句可知，许多商人这么做是为了能够拥有足够多的动物幼崽以便从人们与动物合照中谋取利益，因为动物幼崽总会长大从而不适合跟人合照。故选D。‎ ‎9．What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．Stars can have photos taken with exotic animals free of charge.‎ B．Many people follow stars and have photos taken with exotic animals.‎ C．Media exposure has failed to have any effect on famous people.‎ D．Stars feel sympathetic and concerned about mistreated animals.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段的内容尤其是第五句可推知，许多人会效仿明星的行为去与奇异动物合照。故选B。‎ D ‎(2018·苏锡常镇四市调研)Are you a different person when you speak a foreign language? That's just one of the questions The New Yorker's writer and native North Carolinian Lauren Collins explores in her autobiography, about her tough efforts to master French after marrying a Frenchman whose name — Olivier — she couldn't even pronounce properly. When in French ranges from the humorously personal story to a deeper look at various theories of ‎ language acquisition and linguistics (语言学)．‎ The couple met in London “on more or less neutral ground: his continent, my language”. But the balance shifted when they moved to Geneva for Olivier's work. The normally voluble Collins found herself at a loss — “nearly speechless”. The language barrier, and her dependence on her husband for simple things like buying the right cut of meat worsened her mixed feelings about “unlovely, but not ridiculous” Geneva. She comments, “Language, as much as land, is a place. To be cut off from it is to be, in a sense, homeless.”‎ Her sense of alienation (疏离感) leads to an examination of America's miserable record when it comes to foreign languages. “Linguists call America ‘the graveyard of languages’ because of its singular ability to take in millions of immigrants and make their native languages die out in a few generations，” Collins writes. Educated in Wilmington, N. C．， and at Princeton, she could — like the vast majority of Americans — only speak their mother tongue.‎ Eight months after she moved to Switzerland, Collins gives up on the natural acquisition of language and finally attends a French course. As she struggles with grammar and vocabulary, Collins notes smartly that vert (green), verre (glass), ver (worm), vers (toward), and vair (squirrel) compose a quintuple homonym (同形异义). “Although it's difficult, French can try，” she says.‎ French is actually considered among the easiest languages for an English speaker to learn, especially compared to Arabic or Mandarin Chinese. Collins, whose notably rich English vocabulary includes glossolalia (nonsense speech) and shibboleth (catchword or slogan), finds plenty of terrific French words to love. She writes, “English is a trust fund, an unearned inheritance (遗产), but I've worked for every bit of French I've banked.”‎ Unlike Jhumpa Lahiri, who became so hooked on Italian and used it to write In Other Words, Collins' goals for learning French were more modest, “I wanted to speak French and to sound like North Carolina.” She also wanted to be able to deal with chimney sweeps and butchers, communicate with her inlaws, and “to touch Olivier in his own language.” She admits that she feels different speaking French, “Its austerity (朴素) made me feel more confused.”‎ Readers looking for the romantic spark of classic crosscultural love stories featuring an outgoing American and a shy Frenchman will find flashes of it here. Among the many cultural differences the couple argue over are her enthusiastic American habit of applying the verb love to express enthusiasm for shoes, strawberries, and husbands alike. But there's far more to Collins' book than fantastic comedy, and those who have weathered linguistic crossings themselves tend to find particular resonance (共鸣) in its inquiry into language, identity, and transcultural translation.‎ Arranged by chapters named for verb tenses, When in French works its way from The Past Perfect (Le plusquepar fait ) to The Present (Le Présent ) and The Conditional (Le Conditionnel). Collins ends on a delightful note with The Futurel (Le Futur) — fitting for a new mother about to move with her hardwon French husband, French language, and Swissborn ‎ daughter to the Frenchspeaking city of her dreams, Paris.‎ 语篇解读：本文是记叙文，介绍一本书，主要说明了主人公学习法语的经历以及关于语言学习的跨文化故事。‎ ‎10．Which of the following statements is TRUE about When in French?‎ A．It describes how most American people learn French.‎ B．It introduces a variety of theories about French learning.‎ C．The author tells her experiences in a serious way.‎ D．The book offers a traditional way of learning a foreign language.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。由第一段最后一句可知，该书从幽默的个人故事到对语言习得和语言学各种理论做了深入的研究。‎ ‎11．Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “voluble” in Paragraph 2?‎ A．Graceful.　　　　　　　　 B．Dependent.‎ C．Talkative. D．Energetic.‎ 解析：选C　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知本句句意：平时好说话的柯林斯突然迷茫了——“几乎是无语”。句子前后形成强烈的反差。talkative意为“好说话的；健谈的”，符合句意。‎ ‎12．Why do linguists call America “the graveyard of languages”？‎ A．Because other languages are prohibited in America.‎ B．Because only Englishspeaking people can immigrate into America.‎ C．Because immigrants' native languages contradict English in America.‎ D．Because American culture swallows up immigrants' native languages gradually.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。由第三段第二句可知，因为美国有无数的移民，使得美国的本土语言在几代之后就会兼并移民的本土语言。可知，D项的swallow up相当于make ... die out。‎ ‎13．What can be inferred from Paragraph 4 and Paragraph 5?‎ A．Collins' English vocabulary knowledge contributes little to her French learning.‎ B．Collins has found out some effective ways of mastering French words.‎ C．Arabic or Mandarin Chinese are easier to learn than French for English speakers.‎ D．It's terrifying for Collins to have French words in store for practical use.‎ 解析：选B　推理判断题。由第四段第二、三句可知，柯林斯聪明地使用同形异义来助记，故选B项。‎ ‎14．The example of Jhumpa Lahiri in the passage is given to show that ________.‎ A．Collins aims at using French for her daily life B．Collins wants to apply French to serve her writing C．it's inappropriate for Jhumpa Lahiri to write in another language D．foreign language always makes learners feel complicated about life 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第六段的“I wanted to speak French and to sound like North Carolina.”“to be able to deal with chimney sweeps and butchers”可知，柯林斯学习法语旨在将其运用到日常生活中，能和别人更好地交流，故选A项。‎ ‎15．Which of the following items are mentioned by the author of this book review?‎ ‎①the theme　　②the structure　　③the publisher ‎④the popularity　⑤the writing style A．①②④ B．②③⑤‎ C．①②⑤ D．①③⑤‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。末段的“works its way from ... to ...”说的是结构； “Collins ends on a delightful note”说的是语调；首段的“Collins explores in her autobiography, about her tough efforts to master French after marrying a Frenchman”说的是主题。故选C项。‎