2018届北师大版选修8一轮复习：Unit22Environmentprotection单元学案（24页）

2018届北师大版选修8一轮复习：Unit22Environmentprotection单元学案（24页）

Ⅰ.高考单词→识记·思考·运用 ‎1.核心词汇 ‎①________vt.使困住 ‎②________adj.联邦的 ‎③________vt.&vi.牺牲；献出 ‎④________vt.主张，提倡 ‎⑤________adj.联邦的 ‎⑥________n.代替品，代用品 ‎⑦________n.方式，方法；手段 ‎⑧adopt vt.采用；收养________n.收养；采用 ‎⑨reserve n.保护区 vt.保留；预订________adj.预订的，保留的________n.预订；保留；保护；疑惑 ‎⑩agriculture n.农业________adj.农业的 ‎⑪threat n.威胁________vt.威胁 ‎⑫change n.&v.变化________adj.多变的 ‎⑬separate v.分离，分开 adj.分开的________n.分离，分开 ‎⑭construct vt.建造________n.建造 ‎⑮finance n.资金________adj.财政的；金融的 ‎⑯allocate vt.分配，配给________n.分配，配给 ‎⑰politics n.政治(活动)________adj.政治的________n.政治家 ‎⑱sharp adj.锋利的________vt.削尖________n.卷笔刀 ‎⑲consider vt.思考，考虑；认为________adj.想得周到的，体贴的________n.考虑；思考________prep.考虑到；鉴于 ‎⑳calculate vt.计算，算出________n.计算________n.计算器 答案　①trap　②beyond　③sacrifice　④advocate　⑤federal ⑥substitute　‎ ‎⑦means　⑧adoption ⑨reserved；reservation　⑩agricultural　⑪threaten　‎ ‎⑫changeable　⑬separation　⑭construction ⑮financial　⑯allocation　‎ ‎⑰political；politician　⑱sharpen；sharpener ⑲considerate；consideration；‎ considering　⑳calculation；calculator ‎2.常考词汇 ‎①principle n.________‎ ‎②relevant adj.________‎ ‎③coincidence n.________‎ ‎④condemn vt.________‎ ‎⑤potential n.________‎ ‎⑥negative adj.________‎ ‎⑦fragile adj.________‎ ‎⑧ecology n.________‎ ‎⑨botanical adj.________‎ ‎⑩corrupt adj.________‎ 答案　①原则，道德准则　②有关的　③巧合　④迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地；宣判　⑤可能性，潜在性 ⑥消极的，负面的　⑦易毁的；脆弱的　⑧生态　⑨植物的　⑩贪污受贿的，腐败的 ‎ 用所给单词的适当形式填空 ‎1.Watching the event on television was a poor substitute for ________(actual) being there.‎ ‎2.You seem to be getting off the point.How is that relevant to the ________(discuss)?‎ ‎3.Don’t try to ________(threat) me.I won’t compromise with you.‎ ‎4.Even in advanced ________(agriculture) societies，it took about ninety－five people on farms to feed five people in cities.‎ ‎5.The senator urged against the ________(adopt)of the measure.‎ ‎6.The world is ________，and everything is ________.(change)‎ ‎7.Some members of the committee expressed ________(reserve) about the proposal.‎ ‎8.Henry was forced to leave his motherland for ________(politics) reasons.‎ ‎9.A new bridge is being ________over the river and its ________will be finished next year.(construct)‎ ‎10.It is not safe to let the child ________(sharp)his pencil.‎ ‎11.My ________(calculate) is based on notional figures，since the actual figures are not yet available.‎ ‎12.Market is an effective means in ________(allocate) of resources.‎ ‎13.________his young age，it is quite ________of him to consider other people before ‎ making decisions.(consider)‎ ‎14.After a long ________， they ________peacefully.(separate)‎ ‎15.I wouldn’t take the slightest risk of getting ________(trap) inside.‎ 答案　1.actually　2.discussion 3.threaten　4.agricultural　5.adoption　‎ ‎6.changeable；changing　7.reservations　8.political　9.constructed；construction　10.sharpen　11.calculation　12.allocation　13.Considering；considerate　‎ ‎14.separation；separated　15.trapped ‎【联想·积累】‎ ‎❶表示“支持，拥护”的词汇 ‎①advocate vt.提倡；拥护 ‎②back vt.支持 ‎③support vt.支持，帮助 ‎④in favour of 支持，赞同 ‎❷与“环境”相关的单词 ‎①species n.物种 ‎②pollution n.污染 ‎③atmosphere n.大气层 ‎④conservation n.(自然资源的)保护 ‎⑤resource n.资源 ‎⑥recycle v.回收利用 ‎❸各大“产业”名词 ‎①agriculture农业 ‎②industry工业 ‎③business商业 ‎④forestry林业 ‎⑤fishing渔业 ‎⑥planting industry种植业 ‎❹“相似词”小结 ‎①dessert n.甜点→desert v.舍弃 ‎②tissue n.组织→issue n.问题，发行 ‎③affect vt.影响→effect n.影响 ‎④principle n.原则→principal n.校长 ‎⑤borrow v.借→sorrow n.悲痛 ‎⑥wander v.漫步→wonder v.想知道 ‎⑦fellow n.家伙→follow v.跟随 ‎⑧pillow n.枕头→willow n.垂柳 开心词场→核心单词串记 The experts and consultants adopt the suggestion that the construction of irrigation works be built in the mountainous area after careful consideration.By coincidence，severe droughts threaten some forest reserves.Sacrifice of ecology is against our principle and advocacy.‎ Ⅱ.重点短语→识记·思考·运用 ‎1.动词＋介词/副词 ‎①lead ________引起，导致 ‎②answer ________(对已产生的不良后果)负责任 ‎③carry ________掠去，夺走 ‎④break away ________摆脱；脱离(团体、组织、某种思想体系)‎ ‎⑤look ________展望未来，向前看 答案　①to　②for　③off　④from ⑤ahead ‎2.介词＋名词 ‎①________one’s control超出……的控制，不受……的控制 ‎②________turn依次；反过来 ‎③________somebody’s behalf代表……‎ 答案　①beyond　②in　③on ‎3.其他形式 ‎①________number of一些 ‎②________of在……前面 ‎③apart ________除……以外 ‎④call ________an end to sth要求结束……‎ ‎⑤all ________all总的来说 ‎⑥earn one’s ________谋生 ‎⑦________a matter of fact实际上 ‎⑧________action采取行动 答案　①a　②ahead　③from ④for　⑤in　⑥living　⑦as ⑧take 用左栏所给短语的适当形式填空 ‎1.I was encouraged to ____________ old forms and rules.‎ ‎2.____________ in the distance，and you can see the lights of the village.‎ ‎3.It was his carelessness that ____________ his failure in the exam.‎ ‎4.____________ the injuries to his face and hands，he broke both legs.‎ ‎5.Thieves ____________ the farmer’s sheep during the night.‎ ‎6.Your attitude affects others which ____________ affect you.‎ ‎7.If you go on doing this，we won’t ____________ the consequence.‎ ‎8.I thought we’d be late for the concert，but we ended up getting there ____________ time.‎ 答案　1.break away from　2.Look ahead　3.led to　4.Apart from 5.carried off　‎ ‎6.in turn　7.answer for 8.ahead of ‎【联想·积累】‎ ‎❶表示“引起，导致”短语 ‎①bring about ‎②lead to ‎③result in/from ‎④contribute to ‎❷表示“负责”短语 ‎①answer for ‎②be responsible for ‎③be responsible to ‎④in (the) charge of Ⅲ.经典句式→识记·思考·运用 原句背诵感悟 ‎1.Given this data，it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.‎ 鉴于这些数据，好像人类活动与正在升高的地球温度之间的联系并不仅仅只是巧合而已。‎ ‎2.The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.‎ 近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。‎ 句型公式仿写 ‎1.given“鉴于；考虑到；倘若”‎ ‎____________________，I think Ye Shiwen has done rather well.‎ 考虑到目前的条件，我认为叶诗文已做得相当出色。‎ ‎2.see作谓语，拟人修辞手法 ‎____________________ the rapid development of China.‎ 过去10年见证了中国的快速发展。‎ 答案　1.Given the present conditions 2.The last 10 years have witnessed/seen ‎【联想·积累】‎ given用法小结 ‎ (1) given用作介词，意为“考虑到，鉴于”，表示原因；还可以表示假设，意为 ‎“倘若，假定”。‎ ‎(2)表示“考虑到……；倘若，假设……”时，given后还可接that从句。‎ ‎[单 词 点 睛]‎ 高考必备词汇——精讲精练 ‎1.trap vt.使困住；诱捕；诱骗；使陷入困境 n.陷阱；圈套；捕捉器 ‎[教材原句]Because of the greenhouse effect，the Earth is warmed by gases trapped in the atmosphere.‎ 因为温室效应，困在大气层中的气体使得地球气温上升。‎ 写出下列句中trap的词性和含义 ‎①Some miners were trapped underground after the collapse.‎ ‎②Grace lost her tail as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap.‎ ‎③The only thing the wolf could do was climb up to the ground from the trap.‎ ‎④It’s no longer possible to trap a sensible man into marriage.‎ ‎⑤The police set a trap to catch the thief.‎ ‎(1)trap sb into (doing) sth使某人陷入(做)某事的圈套 be/get trapped in被困在……中 ‎(2)fall into the trap of doing sth落入……的圈套 set/lay a trap for为……设圈套 单句语法填空 ‎⑥Don’t fall ________ the trap of ________(invest)all your money in one place.‎ ‎⑦I was trapped into ________(admit)I had done something wrong.‎ 答案　①vt.使困住　②n.捕鱼器　③n.陷阱 ‎④vt.诱骗　⑤n.圈套　⑥into；investing　⑦admitting ‎【联想归纳】　表示“被困于……中”的短语还有：‎ ‎①be/get locked in　②be/get caught in ‎③be/get stuck in　④be/get blocked in ‎2.reserve vt.储备；保存；保留；预订，预约n.保护区；储备 ‎[高考佳句]I can not get the book I want but can I reserve it? (2015·重庆，满分作文)‎ 我找不到我要的书，但我能预约吗？‎ ‎(1)a nature reserve自然保护区 in reserve 贮存；备用 ‎(2)reserve sth for sb/sth为某人/某物保留、预定……‎ ‎(3)reservation n.保留；预订(房间、座位等)‎ make a reservation预订(座位、房间等)‎ 单句语法填空/写作运用 ‎①It is advisable to keep some food ________reserve in case of emergency.‎ ‎②Margaret made a ________(reserve) at/in her favorite hotel in Singapore.‎ ‎③I would be very thankful if you could ________________________ for the train bound for Shanghai tomorrow morning.‎ 若你能为我预订一张明天早上开往上海的火车票，将不胜感激。‎ 答案　①in　②reservation　③reserve a ticket for me ‎3.advocate vt.主张，提倡 n.提倡者，拥护者 ‎[高考佳句]Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.(2015·浙江，满分作文)‎ 很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。‎ ‎(1)advocate (doing) sth提倡/拥护/支持(做)某事 advocate that...主张……，从句谓语动词用(should＋动词原形)‎ ‎(2)be an advocate of/for ……的提倡者/拥护者 单句语法填空/单句改错/写作运用 ‎①Many experts advocated ________(reward)the children for good behavior.‎ ‎②Some people advocated that China took action to solve the problem.‎ ‎③The report ____________ all buildings ____________ smoke detectors.‎ 报告主张所有的建筑物都应安装烟火探测器。‎ 答案　①rewarding　②took→take　③advocated that；(should) be fitted with ‎ 【名师指津】　advocate后不跟不定式，跟从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“(should＋)do”。‎ ‎4.substitute vt.&vi.(用……)替代；取代n.代替品，代用品 ‎[教材原句]After all，there’s no substitute for our Earth.毕竟，地球是不可取代的。‎ ‎(1)a substitute for...……的替代者 ‎(2)substitute A for B＝substitute B with/by A用A代替/取代B substitute for代替，取代 单句语法填空 ‎①She is seeking ________ substitute ________ the very man whose departure made her cry.‎ ‎②We substitute the red balls ________ the blue ones，to see if the baby would notice.‎ ‎＝We substitute the blue balls ________ the red ones，to see if the baby would notice.‎ 答案　①a；for　②for；with/by ‎5.means n.方式，方法；手段 ‎[高考佳句]In addition，we have more choices by means of wild release.(2015·重庆，写作二)‎ 此外，通过自由分享的方式我们有更多选择。‎ means of(doing)sth(做)某事的方法、途径 by means of借助……的手段 by all means可以，当然行；尽一切办法，务必 by no means决不，一点也不(置于句首，其后倒装)‎ by this means用这种方法 单句改错/写作运用 ‎①As an inexperienced teacher，I tried every mean to get them to be quiet，but in vain.(2015·湖南，完形)‎ ‎②If your late grandmother gave you a present as a child ____________，keep it to preserve her memory.‎ 如果小的时候，已故的奶奶送给了你一件礼物，无论如何也要好好保存来缅怀逝者。‎ ‎③By no means ____________； in fact，she’s quite rich.‎ 她一点都不穷， 事实上，她很富有的。‎ 答案　①mean→means　②by all means　③is she poor ‎【名师指津】　‎ ‎(1)当means表示“方法，方式，手段”时，单复数同形。means作主语且有every，each，one等词修饰时，谓语动词用单数；有some，several，many，few等词修饰时谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎(2)by no means放在句首时，句子用部分倒装。‎ ‎6.adopt vt.采用，采纳；收养 ‎[经典例句]All three teams adopted different approaches to the problem.‎ 三个队处理这个问题的方法各不相同。‎ ‎(1)adopt one’s suggestion采纳某人的建议 the adopted son养子 ‎(2)adoption n.收养；采用 单句语法填空/写作运用 ‎①We argued her into the ________(adopt) of the plan.‎ ‎②After much consideration，we all decided to ________________.‎ 经过再三考虑之后，我们决定采纳我同桌的建议。‎ ‎③The young couple had no children of their own and ____________.After a few months，the child came to ____________ his new life.‎ 这对年轻夫妇没有亲生孩子，领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后这个孩子渐渐适应了他的新生活。‎ 答案　①adoption　②adopt my deskmate’s suggestion ‎③adopted an orphan；adapt to ‎ 【名师指津】　adopt与adapt两词词形相近，但意思不同，adapt意为“适应；改编，改写”。‎ 常考必会词汇——理解辨认 ‎1.threaten vt.威胁；恐吓 ‎ [教材原句]They threatened to close our credit lines if we don’t reduce the amount of carbon dioxide we produce.‎ 如果我们不降低二氧化碳的排放数量，他们威胁说将取消我们的信用额度。‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The terrorists are threatening ________(blow) up the hijacked airliner.‎ ‎②Will a rising China become a threat ________western interests?‎ 答案　①to blow　②to ‎2.considerate adj.想得周到的，体贴的 ‎[高考佳句]It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.(2015·福建，23)‎ 怕我们着急，迈克尔通知我们他的延期，他想的真周到。‎ 单句语法填空/单句改错 ‎①________(consider) your salary，you should put aside at least 100 dollars a week.‎ ‎②Everything taking into consideration，they believed themselves more qualified for ‎ the job.‎ 答案　①Considering　②taking→taken ‎3.seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺 ‎[经典例句]We should seize the opportunity to work hard to achieve our goal.‎ 现在，我们应抓住机会努力实现我们的目标。‎ 单句改错 Before he could run away，she seized him by his collar.‎ 答案　his→the ‎[短 语 点 拨]‎ ‎1.lead to引起，导致，造成(后果)；通向 ‎[教材原句]Global warming refers to an average increase in the Earth’s temperature that，in turn，leads to climate change.‎ 地球变暖指的是地球平均温度升高，继而导致气候变化。‎ lead sb to...带领……通往，引导某人去……‎ lead sb to do sth使得某人做某事 lead a...life 过着……的生活 单句语法填空/写作运用 ‎①Ironically，this may lead to ________(do)more instead of less.‎ ‎②I want to know what it was that led you ________(take)up acting as a career.‎ ‎③All roads ________________ Rome.‎ ‎(谚)条条大道通罗马。‎ 答案　①doing　②to take　③lead to ‎【名师指津】　lead to中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词－ing形式。‎ ‎2.apart from 除……之外(都)；除……之外(尚有)‎ ‎[教材原句]Apart from the few found in zoos，pandas live only in the central bamboo forests of mainland China.‎ 除了少数几只大熊猫在动物园里可以看到，它们只生活在中国内地的中心竹园里。‎ apart from＝except/except for 除了……之外(都)‎ apart from＝besides/as well as/in addition to 除……之外(还有)‎ 单句语法填空/写作运用 ‎①We had no trouble on the journey apart from ________(lose)some money.‎ ‎②____________________，we also visited some other cities during the holiday.‎ 除了北京和上海，假期里我们还参观了一些其它城市。‎ 答案　①losing　②Apart from Beijing and Shanghai ‎3.refer to涉及；谈到；参考；查阅；关于；提及 ‎[高考佳句]Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.(2013·陕西，阅读C)‎ 权力是指一个人对其他人的控制程度。‎ 写出下列句中refer to的含义 ‎①If you don’t know the exact meaning of the word，you may refer to the dictionary.‎ ‎②Your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.‎ ‎③We have reached an agreement that we will not refer to the matter again.‎ 答案　①查阅　②参考　③提及 ‎[句 式 透 析]‎ ‎※The last few years have seen environmental disasters on a grand scale，and experts are predicting far worse to come.‎ 近几年一些环境灾难大规模地出现，专家们预测更坏的局面即将来临。‎ ‎(1)句中the last few years作主语，see作谓语，意为“经历；目睹”，这种拟人修辞手法表达既简练又生动。‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①The National Day of 2016 ________(witness)so many traffic jams on the expressway.‎ ‎(2)拟人修辞手法把事物人格化，使本来不具备人的动作和感情的一些动、植物变得像人一样能说能笑。英语中使用拟人修辞手法的句子，主语通常是表示时间、地点或心爱之物，如车、船等的名词；谓语动词常为see，witness，find等。‎ ‎②The two stone lions standing in front of Tian’anmen ________ many great historic events.‎ 答案　①witnessed　②saw/witnessed 课堂作业 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1.His nationality isn’t relevant ________ whether he’s a good teacher.‎ ‎2.The book ________(refer) to last time has been sold out.‎ ‎3.I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed ________ recognition.‎ ‎4.The child asked his mother ________ he could go out to play tennis.‎ ‎5.There is a narrow road ________ (lead) to the old house.‎ ‎6.The mother sacrificed many things ________ (get) her daughter a good education.‎ ‎7.As teachers，we should be ________(consider) of our students’ feelings.And then they will trust us.‎ ‎8.It is said that he is the only one of the students that ________(praise) at the meeting.‎ ‎9.March 1940 ________(find)me working in a small constructional firm.‎ ‎10.________(give)that there is no traffic delay，I will be here on time.‎ 答案　1.to　2.referred　3.beyond　4.if/whether 5.leading　6.to get　7.considerate　‎ ‎8.was praised 9.found　10.Given Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1.Only by this/that mean can we master English.‎ ‎2.Pack ice around Iceland was becoming a threat with navigation.‎ ‎3.We must obey the principle all men are innocent until they are proved guilty.‎ ‎4.The policeman seized the thief by his arm immediately.‎ ‎5.Having trapped in the traffic jam for hours，he became impatient.‎ ‎6.The newer will be the substitute with me as your English teacher.‎ ‎7.Pupils should be helped to adapt a positive approach to the environment.‎ ‎8.They advocate that everyone lives a low－carbon life.‎ ‎9.“It’s such a nice place，” Mother said as she sat at the table reserving for customers.‎ ‎10.In the past few years thousands of films have produced all over the world.‎ 答案　1.mean→means　2.with→to　3.principle 后加that　4.his→the　5.Having 后加been　6.with→for　7.adapt→adopt　8.lives→live　9.reserving→reserved　10.have后加been Ⅲ.课文缩写语法填空 ‎1.________ is reported that Earth’s climate is being changed and human beings will face global warming.Global warming refers to 2.________ average increase in the Earth’s temperature 3.________，in turn，leads to climate change.The global average temperature 4.________(increase) by 1℉ over the last 100 years because of human activities.If the situation 5.________(continue)，we are condemning life on Earth and should face terrible climate changes，serious diseases and bad effects 6.________ some industries as well as the 7.________ (rise) sea levels.So how can we stop these disasters 8.________ happening? Governments all over the world have a responsibility to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide 9.________ (produce) by their countries.Everyone can play his 10.________ by making small changes in his daily life.‎ 答案　1.It　2.an　3.that/which　4.has increased 5.continues　6.on　7.rising　‎ ‎8.from　9.produced　10.part/role Ⅳ.单元考点作文串记 一、根据提示翻译句子 ‎1.上周一见证了来自自然保护区的一头狮子挣脱牢笼逃离动物园，此事引起了人们的恐慌。(see，reserve，break away from，flee，lead to，panic)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2.据说失去控制的狮子非常危险。 (beyond control)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________‎ ‎3.鉴于人们的生命受到威胁，警方主张孩子们除了乘车上学外均须待在家里。 (given that，threaten，advocate that，apart from)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________‎ ‎4.因为警方采用一位猎人的方法，把这头狮子困在了陷阱里。(adopt，means，trap)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________‎ ‎5.要是没有这位猎人的帮助，这头狮子不会这么快被捉住。 (without，be caught)‎ ‎________________________________________________________________‎ 答案　1.Last Monday saw a lion from the natural reserve broke away from its cage and fled the zoo.This led to a panic.‎ ‎2.The lion beyond control was believed to be very dangerous.‎ ‎3.Given that people’s lives were threatened，the police advocated that children should stay at home apart from going to school by bus.‎ ‎4.Because the police adopted a hunter’s means，they trapped the lion in a trap.‎ ‎5.Without the hunter’s help，the lion couldn’t have been caught so soon.‎ 二、加入适当过渡词，连句成篇 ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ Last Monday saw a lion from the natural reserve broke away from its cage and ‎ fled the zoo，which led to a panic.The lion beyond control was believed to be very dangerous.Given that people’s lives were threatened，the police advocated that children should stay at home apart from going to school by bus.At last，adopting a hunter’s means，the police trapped the lion in a trap.Without the hunter’s help，the lion couldn’t have been caught so soon.‎ 课下作业 A卷　阅读提速练(限时20′)‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A American Pharoah proved it’s not impossible to win the Triple Crown (三重冠).On Saturday, June 6, the horse rode into history after winning the Belmont Stakes horse race in Long Island, New York.The Triple Crown is a victory by a horse in three different races—the Kentucky Derby, the Preakness, and the Belmont Stakes—in the same racing year.The 3－year－old horse is the first horse in 37 years to win the Triple Crown.He is only the 12th Triple Crown winner in the history of horse racing.‎ Bob Baffert, American Pharoah’s trainer said, “He did great yesterday.It was a beautiful moment.”‎ The Triple Crown races last for five weeks on circular tracks of different lengths.The races are short, but the horses use a great amount of energy dashing to the finish line.The Belmont Stakes is the last one of the races, and the longest.American Pharoah led the entire race and won the race.‎ Taking home the Triple Crown is no easy matter.The horses require many hours of training to prepare for the intense demands of racing.The raw talent and genetics of the horses also play an important role in developing winners.“Nobody__can__make__a__slow__horse__a__fast__horse，” American ‎ Pharoah owner Ahmaed Zayat said.‎ Victor Espinoza is the jockey who rode American Pharoah.He lost his last two Triple Crown tries with different horses, but was able to bring home the prize after Saturday’s race.“I looked at that prize and I was very excited and kind of angry because two times before I couldn’t get it，” Espinoza said.‎ Before leaving Belmont Park, American Pharoah joined photographers and fans on the grass.He posed for pictures and let people from the crowd pet him.‎ It will be up to American Pharoah’s trainer to map out his next racing steps.“He’s an athlete.We have to keep him moving，” said Baffert.“He’s so happy when he’s on that track.”‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是记叙文。一匹马在赛马比赛中获胜，夺得三重冠。‎ ‎1.What can we infer about the Triple Crown races from Paragraph 1?‎ A.They are really tough. B.They are world－famous.‎ C.They are well organized. D.They are very interesting.‎ 答案　A　[推理判断题。由第一段开头的American Pharoah proved it’s not impossible to win the Triple Crown及段末的The 3－year－old horse is the first horse...the history of horse racing可推断，这是一项很艰苦的比赛。]‎ ‎2.What does the underlined part in Paragraph 4 stress?‎ A.The importance of a horse’s trainer.‎ B.The importance of a horse’s jockey.‎ C.The importance of a horse’s mental ability.‎ D.The importance of a horse’s natural ability.‎ 答案　D　[句意理解题。由上文的The raw talent and genetics of the horses also play an important role in developing ‎ winners可推断，要想在赛马比赛中获胜，马的天赋很重要。]‎ ‎3.Victor Espinoza was kind of angry because________.‎ A.he was disappointed in his horse B.he thought the races were not fair C.he didn’t win the Triple Crown races D.he failed twice before winning the prize 答案　D　[细节理解题。由第五段中的because two times before I couldn’t get it可知。]‎ ‎4.In the future, American Pharoah will________.‎ A.go on racing B.be a pet horse C.be kept in a park D.live a happy life alone 答案　A　[细节理解题。由最后一段中的map out his next racing steps及He’s an athlete.We have to keep him moving可知，这匹马将来会继续参加比赛。]‎ B Palm oil (棕榈油) is the most widely consumed vegetable oil in the world. The oil is popular because it has a high melting point and contains healthy fats.The former makes it easy to spread, while the latter makes it beneficial to our body.‎ But__the__oil’s__popularity__comes__at__a__high__price.Palm trees need lots of land to grow.As a result, thousands of rainforests in Indonesia, the world’s biggest palm oil producer, are being destroyed to make room for them.‎ With half of palm oil coming from Indonesia, one of the victims is the ‎ orangutans (猩猩).In the last 20 years, over 80% of their habitat has been destroyed.What was worse, in 2015, wildfires endangered one－third of the remaining orangutans.Some palm plantations (种植园) have also threatened tigers and elephants and caused water and air pollution.‎ Though the easiest way of dealing with the problem is to stop using palm oil so widely, it’s not easy given that no other natural vegetable oil has both the qualities.Now scientists are creating an alternative using food waste and M.pulcherrima, a yeast (发酵物) that grows on leaves, fruits and flowers.It takes in the sugars from the waste and turns it into thick oil that has similar qualities to palm oil.Besides, the best part is that the alternative can be widely produced regardless of any kind of weather.‎ Scientists say their biggest challenge is to find a cheap way to change the sugars in the food waste to a form the yeast can consume easily.After some experiments, they are able to copy the process by using a microwave.The team is now trying to test if they can produce the oil in larger quantities and at a lower cost.‎ Though optimistic, experts are still struggling.After all, it’s not the first time that an alternative has been tried.However, scientists didn’t get good results from past efforts.Meanwhile, things are not looking promising for orangutans.Scientists think that if the rainforest destruction is not banned, orangutans will die out.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，题材为环保科普类。人们为了棕榈油而大肆砍伐雨林，结果威胁到了猩猩的处境。人们不得不想出办法来制造棕榈油的替代品，然而这种办法前景也不容乐观。‎ ‎5.What does the underlined sentence mean?‎ A.It is not easy to get palm oil.‎ B.Palm oil brings great benefits to people.‎ C.People need to pay a lot of money for palm oil.‎ D.The popularity of palm oil causes some problems.‎ 答案　D　[句意理解题。根据画线句子下文语境可知，棕榈油的广泛使用引起了一些问题。在印度尼西亚，人们为了种植棕榈树，大肆砍伐雨林，从而破坏了猩猩的栖息地；棕榈种植园还引起了水污染和空气污染。]‎ ‎6.What do we know about the new alternative?‎ A.It tastes like sugar. B.It is made from leaves and fruits.‎ C.It can be produced in any weather. D.It has better qualities than palm oil.‎ 答案　C　[细节理解题。根据文章第四段Besides，the best part is that the alternative can be widely produced regardless of any kind of weather可知，这种棕榈油的替代品可以在任何天气下培育。]‎ ‎7.The biggest problem scientists are faced with is how to________.‎ A.change the sugars in the food waste B.reduce the cost of producing the oil C.produce the oil without a microwave D.easily change the form of the yeast 答案　B　[细节理解题。根据文章第五段Scientists say their biggest challenge is to find a cheap way to change the sugars和本段最后The team is now trying to test if they can produce the oil in larger quantities and at a lower cost可知，科学家面临的最大问题就是如何降低生产这种油的成本。]‎ ‎8.What attitude do scientists hold towards orangutans’ future?‎ A.Optimistic. B.Doubtful.‎ C.Indifferent. D.Worried.‎ 答案　D　[观点态度题。根据文章最后一段Meanwhile，things are not looking ‎ promising for orangutans.Scientists think that if the rainforest destruction is not banned，orangutans will die out可知，科学家认为如果不禁止滥伐雨林，猩猩可能就灭绝了。]‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Summer survival guide Finally...the season of sun, fun, and freedom！__1__Follow these steps to keep yourself healthy and safe.‎ Don’t rely on sunscreen.Yes, you need to slather (大量地涂抹) sunscreen on exposed skin, but other precautions are just as important.Seek shade between 10 am.and 4 pm., and protect your skin and face with clothing, a hat, and shades.‎ ‎__2__If you feel thirsty, you’re already dehydrated (脱水的)—that puts you at an increased risk of hot weather－related illnesses like heat exhaustion and heat stroke (中暑).‎ Know the signs of heat stroke.When it’s hot or humid, it becomes harder for your body to release the heat generated during exercise.If your core temperature becomes too high, heat stroke can set in.Avoid ending up in the emergency room by starting slower than normal, then gradually increasing the intensity of your workout over two full weeks.__3__‎ Turn down the car radio.Here’s a scary fact：__4__So cut out any distractions (分心的事物) while driving—from exciting music to texting—that can raise your risk of having an accident.‎ Learn these lifesaving swim moves. Drowning is the second－most－common cause of accidental injury or death in adolescents.__5__Stick to zones with a lifeguard present, never swim alone, and learn these simple swimming skills—even if you never plan on getting wet.1.Turn yourself around in a full circle while in the ‎ water.2.Float on your back.3.Tread (踩) water.4.Swim 25 yards (the length of a standard swimming pool).‎ A.Try to reduce the risk of brain injury.‎ B.Float on your back if your arms get tired.‎ C.Don’t wait until you’re thirsty to drink up.‎ D.Luckily, there are easy ways to cut this risk.‎ E.Try and aim to be back at your usual activity level by day 14.‎ F.Don’t waste a minute of it feeling anything less than awesome.‎ G.The period between May and September is the deadliest time for teen drivers.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。文章介绍了几个夏季防护措施。‎ ‎1.F　[F项中的it指代上文的the season of sun, fun, and freedom。]‎ ‎2.C　[C项与下文的If you feel thirsty, you’re already dehydrated相呼应。]‎ ‎3.E　[E项与上文的starting slower than normal...two full weeks相呼应。]‎ ‎4.G　[G项即上文的a scary fact。]‎ ‎5.D　[D项在此处起承上启下的作用。]‎ B卷　Ⅱ卷规范练(限时45′)‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 Yoga is a kind of sport that is very popular around the world now.Everyone, __1__young or old, men or women, can do yoga.It’s __2__(benefit) to people’s health, both physically and __3__(mental).‎ Why do people like yoga? There’s a short answer and a long answer to that question.The short answer is __4__yoga helps you feel better and makes you healthier ‎ in body, mind and spirit.If you are interested, read on.‎ Yoga began in India about 5，000 years ago.At that time, people wanted to be free, healthy and live __5__long life, so this kind of exercise was born.The early yoga was part of a religion.Usually yoga __6__(teach) one to one then—one teacher with one student.Yoga is an Indian word __7__(mean) “to join together”.There are three parts of yoga altogether: exercise, breathing and meditation (冥想).In the past, more attention was paid __8__the spirit.The idea behind the exercise was to unite the mind, body and spirit.Yoga can help you feel __9__(relax) and have fewer worries and __10__(ill).‎ 答案　1.whether　[考查连词。whether...or...是固定搭配，意为“无论……还是……”。]‎ ‎2.beneficial　[考查形容词作表语的用法。设空处作表语，且意为“有益的”，故填beneficial。]‎ ‎3.mentally　[考查副词。and连接的是两个并列的成分，故填副词形式。]‎ ‎4.that　[考查连接词。设空处引导表语从句且从句意义及成分均完整，故填that。]‎ ‎5.a　[考查不定冠词。live a long life意为“活得久”。]‎ ‎6.was taught　[考查一般过去时的被动语态。主语yoga是谓语动作teach的承受者，且这里说的是过去发生的事，故填was taught。]‎ ‎7.meaning　[考查动词－ing形式作定语的用法。word与mean之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填meaning。]‎ ‎8.to　[考查介词。pay attention to是习惯搭配，这里用的是其被动语态。]‎ ‎9.relaxed　[考查过去分词作表语的用法。设空处意为“轻松的”，故填relaxed。]‎ ‎10.illnesses　[考查名词。few修饰可数名词复数形式，故填illnesses。]‎ Ⅳ.短文改错 My parents run the restaurant in our city. I often help out there after school every time when I am free. Yesterday afternoon I went there to help out as usually. While I was there, two foreigners from Australian came to have a meal. Learned that they didn’t speak Chinese at all, I went up and greeted them with simple English. I recommended some typical dish and they did have a nice meal. After the meal, they expressed their satisfaction with the food and praised me for my English. It was the first time that I have communicated with foreigners. My parents felt proud of mine and they encouraged me study English well.‎ 答案　‎ My parents run restaurant in our city. I often help out there after school every time I am free. Yesterday afternoon I went there to help out as . While I was there, two foreigners from came to have a meal. that they didn’t speak Chinese at all, I went up and greeted them simple English. I recommended some typical and they did have a nice meal. After the meal, they expressed their satisfaction with the food and praised me for my English. It was the first time that I communicated with foreigners. My parents felt proud of and they encouraged me study English well.‎ Ⅴ.书面表达 假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华。请你围绕“珍爱环境，保护地球”的主题用英语给全校学生写一份倡议书，内容包括：‎ ‎1.保护环境的重要性；‎ ‎2.个人应该如何做。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear friends，‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Thanks.‎ ‎【参考范文】‎ Dear__friends，‎ With the development of modern agriculture and industry, large quantities of waste gases are created every day, which are making the earth warmer and warmer.‎ Climate change may be a big problem, but there are many little things we can do to make a difference.For example, by turning off lights, televisions, and computers when we are not using them, we can help a lot.We can save energy by taking the bus, riding a bike, or walking.Planting trees is fun and a great way to reduce greenhouse gases.‎ Only by our joint efforts will we make the world a better place for us to live in.‎ Thanks.‎